/*!
* pixGenHalftoneMask()
*
* Input: pixs (1 bpp, assumed to be 150 to 200 ppi)
* &pixtext (<optional return> text part of pixs)
* &htfound (<optional return> 1 if the mask is not empty)
* debug (flag: 1 for debug output)
* Return: pixd (halftone mask), or null on error
*/
PIX *
pixGenHalftoneMask(PIX *pixs,
PIX **ppixtext,
l_int32 *phtfound,
l_int32 debug)
{
l_int32 empty;
PIX *pixt1, *pixt2, *pixhs, *pixhm, *pixd;
PROCNAME("pixGenHalftoneMask");
if (ppixtext) *ppixtext = NULL;
if (!pixs)
return (PIX *)ERROR_PTR("pixs not defined", procName, NULL);
if (pixGetDepth(pixs) != 1)
return (PIX *)ERROR_PTR("pixs not 1 bpp", procName, NULL);
/* Compute seed for halftone parts at 8x reduction */
pixt1 = pixReduceRankBinaryCascade(pixs, 4, 4, 3, 0);
pixt2 = pixOpenBrick(NULL, pixt1, 5, 5);
pixhs = pixExpandReplicate(pixt2, 8); /* back to 2x reduction */
pixDestroy(&pixt1);
pixDestroy(&pixt2);
pixDisplayWriteFormat(pixhs, debug, IFF_PNG);
/* Compute mask for connected regions */
pixhm = pixCloseSafeBrick(NULL, pixs, 4, 4);
pixDisplayWriteFormat(pixhm, debug, IFF_PNG);
/* Fill seed into mask to get halftone mask */
pixd = pixSeedfillBinary(NULL, pixhs, pixhm, 4);
#if 0
/* Moderate opening to remove thin lines, etc. */
pixOpenBrick(pixd, pixd, 10, 10);
pixDisplayWrite(pixd, debug);
#endif
/* Check if mask is empty */
pixZero(pixd, &empty);
if (phtfound) {
*phtfound = 0;
if (!empty)
*phtfound = 1;
}
/* Optionally, get all pixels that are not under the halftone mask */
if (ppixtext) {
if (empty)
*ppixtext = pixCopy(NULL, pixs);
else
*ppixtext = pixSubtract(NULL, pixs, pixd);
pixDisplayWriteFormat(*ppixtext, debug, IFF_PNG);
}
pixDestroy(&pixhs);
pixDestroy(&pixhm);
return pixd;
}
/*!
* pixGenTextblockMask()
*
* Input: pixs (1 bpp, textline mask, assumed to be 150 to 200 ppi)
* pixvws (vertical white space mask)
* debug (flag: 1 for debug output)
* Return: pixd (textblock mask), or null on error
*
* Notes:
* (1) Both the input masks (textline and vertical white space) and
* the returned textblock mask are at the same resolution.
* (2) The result is somewhat noisy, in that small "blocks" of
* text may be included. These can be removed by post-processing,
* using, e.g.,
* pixSelectBySize(pix, 60, 60, 4, L_SELECT_IF_EITHER,
* L_SELECT_IF_GTE, NULL);
*/
PIX *
pixGenTextblockMask(PIX *pixs,
PIX *pixvws,
l_int32 debug)
{
PIX *pixt1, *pixt2, *pixt3, *pixd;
PROCNAME("pixGenTextblockMask");
if (!pixs)
return (PIX *)ERROR_PTR("pixs not defined", procName, NULL);
if (!pixvws)
return (PIX *)ERROR_PTR("pixvws not defined", procName, NULL);
if (pixGetDepth(pixs) != 1)
return (PIX *)ERROR_PTR("pixs not 1 bpp", procName, NULL);
/* Join pixels vertically to make a textblock mask */
pixt1 = pixMorphSequence(pixs, "c1.10 + o4.1", 0);
pixDisplayWriteFormat(pixt1, debug, IFF_PNG);
/* Solidify the textblock mask and remove noise:
* (1) For each cc, close the blocks and dilate slightly
* to form a solid mask.
* (2) Small horizontal closing between components.
* (3) Open the white space between columns, again.
* (4) Remove small components. */
pixt2 = pixMorphSequenceByComponent(pixt1, "c30.30 + d3.3", 8, 0, 0, NULL);
pixCloseSafeBrick(pixt2, pixt2, 10, 1);
pixDisplayWriteFormat(pixt2, debug, IFF_PNG);
pixt3 = pixSubtract(NULL, pixt2, pixvws);
pixDisplayWriteFormat(pixt3, debug, IFF_PNG);
pixd = pixSelectBySize(pixt3, 25, 5, 8, L_SELECT_IF_BOTH,
L_SELECT_IF_GTE, NULL);
pixDisplayWriteFormat(pixd, debug, IFF_PNG);
pixDestroy(&pixt1);
pixDestroy(&pixt2);
pixDestroy(&pixt3);
return pixd;
}
l_int32
DoComparisonDwa2(PIX *pixs,
PIX *pixt1,
PIX *pixt2,
PIX *pixt3,
PIX *pixt4,
PIX *pixt5,
PIX *pixt6,
l_int32 size) /* exactly decomposable */
{
fprintf(stderr, "..%d..", size);
if (TIMING) startTimer();
pixDilateCompBrickExtendDwa(pixt1, pixs, size, 1);
pixDilateCompBrickExtendDwa(pixt3, pixs, 1, size);
pixDilateCompBrickExtendDwa(pixt5, pixs, size, size);
if (TIMING) fprintf(stderr, "Time Dwa: %7.3f sec\n", stopTimer());
if (TIMING) startTimer();
pixDilateBrick(pixt2, pixs, size, 1);
pixDilateBrick(pixt4, pixs, 1, size);
pixDilateBrick(pixt6, pixs, size, size);
if (TIMING) fprintf(stderr, "Time Rop: %7.3f sec\n", stopTimer());
PixCompareDwa(size, "dilate", pixt1, pixt2, pixt3, pixt4, pixt5, pixt6);
if (TIMING) startTimer();
pixErodeCompBrickExtendDwa(pixt1, pixs, size, 1);
pixErodeCompBrickExtendDwa(pixt3, pixs, 1, size);
pixErodeCompBrickExtendDwa(pixt5, pixs, size, size);
if (TIMING) fprintf(stderr, "Time Dwa: %7.3f sec\n", stopTimer());
if (TIMING) startTimer();
pixErodeBrick(pixt2, pixs, size, 1);
pixErodeBrick(pixt4, pixs, 1, size);
pixErodeBrick(pixt6, pixs, size, size);
if (TIMING) fprintf(stderr, "Time Rop: %7.3f sec\n", stopTimer());
PixCompareDwa(size, "erode", pixt1, pixt2, pixt3, pixt4, pixt5, pixt6);
if (TIMING) startTimer();
pixOpenCompBrickExtendDwa(pixt1, pixs, size, 1);
pixOpenCompBrickExtendDwa(pixt3, pixs, 1, size);
pixOpenCompBrickExtendDwa(pixt5, pixs, size, size);
if (TIMING) fprintf(stderr, "Time Dwa: %7.3f sec\n", stopTimer());
if (TIMING) startTimer();
pixOpenBrick(pixt2, pixs, size, 1);
pixOpenBrick(pixt4, pixs, 1, size);
pixOpenBrick(pixt6, pixs, size, size);
if (TIMING) fprintf(stderr, "Time Rop: %7.3f sec\n", stopTimer());
PixCompareDwa(size, "open", pixt1, pixt2, pixt3, pixt4, pixt5, pixt6);
if (TIMING) startTimer();
pixCloseCompBrickExtendDwa(pixt1, pixs, size, 1);
pixCloseCompBrickExtendDwa(pixt3, pixs, 1, size);
pixCloseCompBrickExtendDwa(pixt5, pixs, size, size);
if (TIMING) fprintf(stderr, "Time Dwa: %7.3f sec\n", stopTimer());
if (TIMING) startTimer();
pixCloseSafeBrick(pixt2, pixs, size, 1);
pixCloseSafeBrick(pixt4, pixs, 1, size);
pixCloseSafeBrick(pixt6, pixs, size, size);
if (TIMING) fprintf(stderr, "Time Rop: %7.3f sec\n", stopTimer());
PixCompareDwa(size, "close", pixt1, pixt2, pixt3, pixt4, pixt5, pixt6);
#if 0
pixWrite("/tmp/junkpixt3.png", pixt3, IFF_PNG);
pixWrite("/tmp/junkpixt4.png", pixt4, IFF_PNG);
pixXor(pixt3, pixt3, pixt4);
pixWrite("/tmp/junkxor.png", pixt3, IFF_PNG);
#endif
return 0;
}
/*!
* pixaGenerateFont()
*
* Input: pix (of 95 characters in 3 rows)
* fontsize (4, 6, 8, ... , 20, in pts at 300 ppi)
* &bl1 (<return> baseline of row 1)
* &bl2 (<return> baseline of row 2)
* &bl3 (<return> baseline of row 3)
* Return: pixa of font bitmaps for 95 characters, or null on error
*
* Notes:
* (1) This does all the work. See pixaGenerateFontFromFile()
* for an overview.
* (2) The pix is for one of the 9 fonts. @fontsize is only
* used here for debugging.
*/
PIXA *
pixaGenerateFont(PIX *pixs,
l_int32 fontsize,
l_int32 *pbl0,
l_int32 *pbl1,
l_int32 *pbl2)
{
l_int32 i, j, nrows, nrowchars, nchars, h, yval;
l_int32 width, height;
l_int32 baseline[3];
l_int32 *tab = NULL;
BOX *box, *box1, *box2;
BOXA *boxar, *boxac, *boxacs;
PIX *pix1, *pix2, *pixr, *pixrc, *pixc;
PIXA *pixa;
l_int32 n, w, inrow, top;
l_int32 *ia;
NUMA *na;
PROCNAME("pixaGenerateFont");
if (!pbl0 || !pbl1 || !pbl2)
return (PIXA *)ERROR_PTR("&bl not all defined", procName, NULL);
*pbl0 = *pbl1 = *pbl2 = 0;
if (!pixs)
return (PIXA *)ERROR_PTR("pixs not defined", procName, NULL);
/* Locate the 3 rows of characters */
w = pixGetWidth(pixs);
na = pixCountPixelsByRow(pixs, NULL);
boxar = boxaCreate(0);
n = numaGetCount(na);
ia = numaGetIArray(na);
inrow = 0;
for (i = 0; i < n; i++) {
if (!inrow && ia[i] > 0) {
inrow = 1;
top = i;
} else if (inrow && ia[i] == 0) {
inrow = 0;
box = boxCreate(0, top, w, i - top);
boxaAddBox(boxar, box, L_INSERT);
}
}
FREE(ia);
numaDestroy(&na);
nrows = boxaGetCount(boxar);
#if DEBUG_FONT_GEN
L_INFO("For fontsize %s, have %d rows\n", procName, fontsize, nrows);
#endif /* DEBUG_FONT_GEN */
if (nrows != 3) {
L_INFO("nrows = %d; skipping fontsize %d\n", procName, nrows, fontsize);
return (PIXA *)ERROR_PTR("3 rows not generated", procName, NULL);
}
/* Grab the character images and baseline data */
#if DEBUG_BASELINE
lept_rmdir("baseline");
lept_mkdir("baseline");
#endif /* DEBUG_BASELINE */
tab = makePixelSumTab8();
pixa = pixaCreate(95);
for (i = 0; i < nrows; i++) {
box = boxaGetBox(boxar, i, L_CLONE);
pixr = pixClipRectangle(pixs, box, NULL); /* row of chars */
pixGetTextBaseline(pixr, tab, &yval);
baseline[i] = yval;
#if DEBUG_BASELINE
L_INFO("Baseline info: row %d, yval = %d, h = %d\n", procName,
i, yval, pixGetHeight(pixr));
pix1 = pixCopy(NULL, pixr);
pixRenderLine(pix1, 0, yval, pixGetWidth(pix1), yval, 1,
L_FLIP_PIXELS);
if (i == 0 )
pixWrite("/tmp/baseline/row0.png", pix1, IFF_PNG);
else if (i == 1)
pixWrite("/tmp/baseline/row1.png", pix1, IFF_PNG);
else
pixWrite("/tmp/baseline/row2.png", pix1, IFF_PNG);
pixDestroy(&pix1);
#endif /* DEBUG_BASELINE */
boxDestroy(&box);
pixrc = pixCloseSafeBrick(NULL, pixr, 1, 35);
boxac = pixConnComp(pixrc, NULL, 8);
boxacs = boxaSort(boxac, L_SORT_BY_X, L_SORT_INCREASING, NULL);
if (i == 0) { /* consolidate the two components of '"' */
box1 = boxaGetBox(boxacs, 1, L_CLONE);
box2 = boxaGetBox(boxacs, 2, L_CLONE);
box1->w = box2->x + box2->w - box1->x; /* increase width */
boxDestroy(&box1);
boxDestroy(&box2);
boxaRemoveBox(boxacs, 2);
}
h = pixGetHeight(pixr);
nrowchars = boxaGetCount(boxacs);
for (j = 0; j < nrowchars; j++) {
box = boxaGetBox(boxacs, j, L_COPY);
if (box->w <= 2 && box->h == 1) { /* skip 1x1, 2x1 components */
boxDestroy(&box);
continue;
}
box->y = 0;
box->h = h - 1;
pixc = pixClipRectangle(pixr, box, NULL);
boxDestroy(&box);
if (i == 0 && j == 0) /* add a pix for the space; change later */
pixaAddPix(pixa, pixc, L_COPY);
if (i == 2 && j == 0) /* add a pix for the '\'; change later */
pixaAddPix(pixa, pixc, L_COPY);
pixaAddPix(pixa, pixc, L_INSERT);
}
pixDestroy(&pixr);
pixDestroy(&pixrc);
boxaDestroy(&boxac);
boxaDestroy(&boxacs);
}
FREE(tab);
nchars = pixaGetCount(pixa);
if (nchars != 95)
return (PIXA *)ERROR_PTR("95 chars not generated", procName, NULL);
*pbl0 = baseline[0];
*pbl1 = baseline[1];
*pbl2 = baseline[2];
/* Fix the space character up; it should have no ON pixels,
* and be about twice as wide as the '!' character. */
pix1 = pixaGetPix(pixa, 0, L_CLONE);
width = 2 * pixGetWidth(pix1);
height = pixGetHeight(pix1);
pixDestroy(&pix1);
pix1 = pixCreate(width, height, 1);
pixaReplacePix(pixa, 0, pix1, NULL);
/* Fix up the '\' character; use a LR flip of the '/' char */
pix1 = pixaGetPix(pixa, 15, L_CLONE);
pix2 = pixFlipLR(NULL, pix1);
pixDestroy(&pix1);
pixaReplacePix(pixa, 60, pix2, NULL);
#if DEBUG_CHARS
pix1 = pixaDisplayTiled(pixa, 1500, 0, 10);
pixDisplay(pix1, 100 * i, 200);
pixDestroy(&pix1);
#endif /* DEBUG_CHARS */
boxaDestroy(&boxar);
return pixa;
}
l_int32
DoPageSegmentation(PIX *pixs, /* should be at least 300 ppi */
l_int32 which) /* 1, 2, 3, 4 */
{
char buf[256];
l_int32 zero;
BOXA *boxatm, *boxahm;
PIX *pixr; /* image reduced to 150 ppi */
PIX *pixhs; /* image of halftone seed, 150 ppi */
PIX *pixm; /* image of mask of components, 150 ppi */
PIX *pixhm1; /* image of halftone mask, 150 ppi */
PIX *pixhm2; /* image of halftone mask, 300 ppi */
PIX *pixht; /* image of halftone components, 150 ppi */
PIX *pixnht; /* image without halftone components, 150 ppi */
PIX *pixi; /* inverted image, 150 ppi */
PIX *pixvws; /* image of vertical whitespace, 150 ppi */
PIX *pixm1; /* image of closed textlines, 150 ppi */
PIX *pixm2; /* image of refined text line mask, 150 ppi */
PIX *pixm3; /* image of refined text line mask, 300 ppi */
PIX *pixb1; /* image of text block mask, 150 ppi */
PIX *pixb2; /* image of text block mask, 300 ppi */
PIX *pixnon; /* image of non-text or halftone, 150 ppi */
PIX *pix1, *pix2, *pix3, *pix4;
PIXA *pixa;
PIXCMAP *cmap;
PTAA *ptaa;
l_int32 ht_flag = 0;
l_int32 ws_flag = 0;
l_int32 text_flag = 0;
l_int32 block_flag = 0;
PROCNAME("DoPageSegmentation");
if (which == 1)
ht_flag = 1;
else if (which == 2)
ws_flag = 1;
else if (which == 3)
text_flag = 1;
else if (which == 4)
block_flag = 1;
else
return ERROR_INT("invalid parameter: not in [1...4]", procName, 1);
pixa = pixaCreate(0);
lept_mkdir("lept/livre");
/* Reduce to 150 ppi */
pix1 = pixScaleToGray2(pixs);
if (ws_flag || ht_flag || block_flag) pixaAddPix(pixa, pix1, L_COPY);
if (which == 1)
pixWrite("/tmp/lept/livre/orig.gray.150.png", pix1, IFF_PNG);
pixDestroy(&pix1);
pixr = pixReduceRankBinaryCascade(pixs, 1, 0, 0, 0);
/* Get seed for halftone parts */
pix1 = pixReduceRankBinaryCascade(pixr, 4, 4, 3, 0);
pix2 = pixOpenBrick(NULL, pix1, 5, 5);
pixhs = pixExpandBinaryPower2(pix2, 8);
if (ht_flag) pixaAddPix(pixa, pixhs, L_COPY);
if (which == 1)
pixWrite("/tmp/lept/livre/htseed.150.png", pixhs, IFF_PNG);
pixDestroy(&pix1);
pixDestroy(&pix2);
/* Get mask for connected regions */
pixm = pixCloseSafeBrick(NULL, pixr, 4, 4);
if (ht_flag) pixaAddPix(pixa, pixm, L_COPY);
if (which == 1)
pixWrite("/tmp/lept/livre/ccmask.150.png", pixm, IFF_PNG);
/* Fill seed into mask to get halftone mask */
pixhm1 = pixSeedfillBinary(NULL, pixhs, pixm, 4);
if (ht_flag) pixaAddPix(pixa, pixhm1, L_COPY);
if (which == 1) pixWrite("/tmp/lept/livre/htmask.150.png", pixhm1, IFF_PNG);
pixhm2 = pixExpandBinaryPower2(pixhm1, 2);
/* Extract halftone stuff */
pixht = pixAnd(NULL, pixhm1, pixr);
if (which == 1) pixWrite("/tmp/lept/livre/ht.150.png", pixht, IFF_PNG);
/* Extract non-halftone stuff */
pixnht = pixXor(NULL, pixht, pixr);
if (text_flag) pixaAddPix(pixa, pixnht, L_COPY);
if (which == 1) pixWrite("/tmp/lept/livre/text.150.png", pixnht, IFF_PNG);
pixZero(pixht, &zero);
if (zero)
fprintf(stderr, "No halftone parts found\n");
else
fprintf(stderr, "Halftone parts found\n");
/* Get bit-inverted image */
pixi = pixInvert(NULL, pixnht);
if (ws_flag) pixaAddPix(pixa, pixi, L_COPY);
if (which == 1) pixWrite("/tmp/lept/livre/invert.150.png", pixi, IFF_PNG);
/* The whitespace mask will break textlines where there
* is a large amount of white space below or above.
* We can prevent this by identifying regions of the
* inverted image that have large horizontal (bigger than
* the separation between columns) and significant
* vertical extent (bigger than the separation between
* textlines), and subtracting this from the whitespace mask. */
pix1 = pixMorphCompSequence(pixi, "o80.60", 0);
pix2 = pixSubtract(NULL, pixi, pix1);
if (ws_flag) pixaAddPix(pixa, pix2, L_COPY);
pixDestroy(&pix1);
/* Identify vertical whitespace by opening inverted image */
pix3 = pixOpenBrick(NULL, pix2, 5, 1); /* removes thin vertical lines */
pixvws = pixOpenBrick(NULL, pix3, 1, 200); /* gets long vertical lines */
if (text_flag || ws_flag) pixaAddPix(pixa, pixvws, L_COPY);
if (which == 1) pixWrite("/tmp/lept/livre/vertws.150.png", pixvws, IFF_PNG);
pixDestroy(&pix2);
pixDestroy(&pix3);
/* Get proto (early processed) text line mask. */
/* First close the characters and words in the textlines */
pixm1 = pixCloseSafeBrick(NULL, pixnht, 30, 1);
if (text_flag) pixaAddPix(pixa, pixm1, L_COPY);
if (which == 1)
pixWrite("/tmp/lept/livre/textmask1.150.png", pixm1, IFF_PNG);
/* Next open back up the vertical whitespace corridors */
pixm2 = pixSubtract(NULL, pixm1, pixvws);
if (which == 1)
pixWrite("/tmp/lept/livre/textmask2.150.png", pixm2, IFF_PNG);
/* Do a small opening to remove noise */
pixOpenBrick(pixm2, pixm2, 3, 3);
if (text_flag) pixaAddPix(pixa, pixm2, L_COPY);
if (which == 1)
pixWrite("/tmp/lept/livre/textmask3.150.png", pixm2, IFF_PNG);
pixm3 = pixExpandBinaryPower2(pixm2, 2);
/* Join pixels vertically to make text block mask */
pixb1 = pixMorphSequence(pixm2, "c1.10 + o4.1", 0);
if (block_flag) pixaAddPix(pixa, pixb1, L_COPY);
if (which == 1)
pixWrite("/tmp/lept/livre/textblock1.150.png", pixb1, IFF_PNG);
/* Solidify the textblock mask and remove noise:
* (1) For each c.c., close the blocks and dilate slightly
* to form a solid mask.
* (2) Small horizontal closing between components
* (3) Open the white space between columns, again
* (4) Remove small components */
pix1 = pixMorphSequenceByComponent(pixb1, "c30.30 + d3.3", 8, 0, 0, NULL);
pixCloseSafeBrick(pix1, pix1, 10, 1);
if (block_flag) pixaAddPix(pixa, pix1, L_COPY);
pix2 = pixSubtract(NULL, pix1, pixvws);
pix3 = pixSelectBySize(pix2, 25, 5, 8, L_SELECT_IF_BOTH,
L_SELECT_IF_GTE, NULL);
if (block_flag) pixaAddPix(pixa, pix3, L_COPY);
if (which == 1)
pixWrite("/tmp/lept/livre/textblock2.150.png", pix3, IFF_PNG);
pixb2 = pixExpandBinaryPower2(pix3, 2);
pixDestroy(&pix1);
pixDestroy(&pix2);
pixDestroy(&pix3);
/* Identify the outlines of each textblock */
ptaa = pixGetOuterBordersPtaa(pixb2);
pix1 = pixRenderRandomCmapPtaa(pixb2, ptaa, 1, 8, 1);
cmap = pixGetColormap(pix1);
pixcmapResetColor(cmap, 0, 130, 130, 130); /* set interior to gray */
if (which == 1)
pixWrite("/tmp/lept/livre/textblock3.300.png", pix1, IFF_PNG);
pixDisplayWithTitle(pix1, 480, 360, "textblock mask with outlines", DFLAG);
ptaaDestroy(&ptaa);
pixDestroy(&pix1);
/* Fill line mask (as seed) into the original */
pix1 = pixSeedfillBinary(NULL, pixm3, pixs, 8);
pixOr(pixm3, pixm3, pix1);
pixDestroy(&pix1);
if (which == 1)
pixWrite("/tmp/lept/livre/textmask.300.png", pixm3, IFF_PNG);
pixDisplayWithTitle(pixm3, 480, 360, "textline mask 4", DFLAG);
/* Fill halftone mask (as seed) into the original */
pix1 = pixSeedfillBinary(NULL, pixhm2, pixs, 8);
pixOr(pixhm2, pixhm2, pix1);
pixDestroy(&pix1);
if (which == 1)
pixWrite("/tmp/lept/livre/htmask.300.png", pixhm2, IFF_PNG);
pixDisplayWithTitle(pixhm2, 520, 390, "halftonemask 2", DFLAG);
/* Find objects that are neither text nor halftones */
pix1 = pixSubtract(NULL, pixs, pixm3); /* remove text pixels */
pixnon = pixSubtract(NULL, pix1, pixhm2); /* remove halftone pixels */
pixDestroy(&pix1);
if (which == 1)
pixWrite("/tmp/lept/livre/other.300.png", pixnon, IFF_PNG);
pixDisplayWithTitle(pixnon, 540, 420, "other stuff", DFLAG);
/* Write out b.b. for text line mask and halftone mask components */
boxatm = pixConnComp(pixm3, NULL, 4);
boxahm = pixConnComp(pixhm2, NULL, 8);
if (which == 1) {
boxaWrite("/tmp/lept/livre/textmask.boxa", boxatm);
boxaWrite("/tmp/lept/livre/htmask.boxa", boxahm);
}
pix1 = pixaDisplayTiledAndScaled(pixa, 8, 250, 4, 0, 25, 2);
pixDisplay(pix1, 0, 375 * (which - 1));
snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "/tmp/lept/livre/segout.%d.png", which);
pixWrite(buf, pix1, IFF_PNG);
pixDestroy(&pix1);
pixaDestroy(&pixa);
/* clean up to test with valgrind */
pixDestroy(&pixr);
pixDestroy(&pixhs);
pixDestroy(&pixm);
pixDestroy(&pixhm1);
pixDestroy(&pixhm2);
pixDestroy(&pixht);
pixDestroy(&pixi);
pixDestroy(&pixnht);
pixDestroy(&pixvws);
pixDestroy(&pixm1);
pixDestroy(&pixm2);
pixDestroy(&pixm3);
pixDestroy(&pixb1);
pixDestroy(&pixb2);
pixDestroy(&pixnon);
boxaDestroy(&boxatm);
boxaDestroy(&boxahm);
return 0;
}
/* dwa composite with morph non-composite */
l_int32
DoComparisonDwa5(PIX *pixs,
PIX *pixt1,
PIX *pixt2,
PIX *pixt3,
PIX *pixt4,
PIX *pixt5,
PIX *pixt6,
l_int32 isize) {
l_int32 fact1, fact2, size;
selectComposableSizes(isize, &fact1, &fact2);
size = fact1 * fact2;
fprintf(stderr, "..%d..", size);
if (TIMING) startTimer();
pixDilateCompBrickDwa(pixt1, pixs, size, 1);
pixDilateCompBrickDwa(pixt3, pixs, 1, size);
pixDilateCompBrickDwa(pixt5, pixs, size, size);
if (TIMING) fprintf(stderr, "Time Dwa: %7.3f sec\n", stopTimer());
if (TIMING) startTimer();
pixDilateBrick(pixt2, pixs, size, 1);
pixDilateBrick(pixt4, pixs, 1, size);
pixDilateBrick(pixt6, pixs, size, size);
if (TIMING) fprintf(stderr, "Time Rop: %7.3f sec\n", stopTimer());
PixCompareDwa(size, "dilate", pixt1, pixt2, pixt3, pixt4, pixt5, pixt6);
/* pixDisplay(pixt1, 100, 100); */
/* pixDisplay(pixt2, 800, 100); */
if (TIMING) startTimer();
pixErodeCompBrickDwa(pixt1, pixs, size, 1);
pixErodeCompBrickDwa(pixt3, pixs, 1, size);
pixErodeCompBrickDwa(pixt5, pixs, size, size);
if (TIMING) fprintf(stderr, "Time Dwa: %7.3f sec\n", stopTimer());
if (TIMING) startTimer();
pixErodeBrick(pixt2, pixs, size, 1);
pixErodeBrick(pixt4, pixs, 1, size);
pixErodeBrick(pixt6, pixs, size, size);
if (TIMING) fprintf(stderr, "Time Rop: %7.3f sec\n", stopTimer());
PixCompareDwa(size, "erode", pixt1, pixt2, pixt3, pixt4, pixt5, pixt6);
if (TIMING) startTimer();
pixOpenCompBrickDwa(pixt1, pixs, size, 1);
pixOpenCompBrickDwa(pixt3, pixs, 1, size);
pixOpenCompBrickDwa(pixt5, pixs, size, size);
if (TIMING) fprintf(stderr, "Time Dwa: %7.3f sec\n", stopTimer());
if (TIMING) startTimer();
pixOpenBrick(pixt2, pixs, size, 1);
pixOpenBrick(pixt4, pixs, 1, size);
pixOpenBrick(pixt6, pixs, size, size);
if (TIMING) fprintf(stderr, "Time Rop: %7.3f sec\n", stopTimer());
PixCompareDwa(size, "open", pixt1, pixt2, pixt3, pixt4, pixt5, pixt6);
if (TIMING) startTimer();
pixCloseCompBrickDwa(pixt1, pixs, size, 1);
pixCloseCompBrickDwa(pixt3, pixs, 1, size);
pixCloseCompBrickDwa(pixt5, pixs, size, size);
if (TIMING) fprintf(stderr, "Time Dwa: %7.3f sec\n", stopTimer());
if (TIMING) startTimer();
pixCloseSafeBrick(pixt2, pixs, size, 1);
pixCloseSafeBrick(pixt4, pixs, 1, size);
pixCloseSafeBrick(pixt6, pixs, size, size);
if (TIMING) fprintf(stderr, "Time Rop: %7.3f sec\n", stopTimer());
PixCompareDwa(size, "close", pixt1, pixt2, pixt3, pixt4, pixt5, pixt6);
return 0;
}
/* morph composite with morph non-composite */
l_int32
DoComparisonDwa1(PIX *pixs,
PIX *pixt1,
PIX *pixt2,
PIX *pixt3,
PIX *pixt4,
PIX *pixt5,
PIX *pixt6,
l_int32 isize) {
l_int32 fact1, fact2, size;
selectComposableSizes(isize, &fact1, &fact2);
size = fact1 * fact2;
fprintf(stderr, "..%d..", size);
if (TIMING) startTimer();
pixDilateCompBrick(pixt1, pixs, size, 1);
pixDilateCompBrick(pixt3, pixs, 1, size);
pixDilateCompBrick(pixt5, pixs, size, size);
if (TIMING) fprintf(stderr, "Time Dwa: %7.3f sec\n", stopTimer());
if (TIMING) startTimer();
pixDilateBrick(pixt2, pixs, size, 1);
pixDilateBrick(pixt4, pixs, 1, size);
pixDilateBrick(pixt6, pixs, size, size);
if (TIMING) fprintf(stderr, "Time Rop: %7.3f sec\n", stopTimer());
PixCompareDwa(size, "dilate", pixt1, pixt2, pixt3, pixt4, pixt5, pixt6);
if (TIMING) startTimer();
pixErodeCompBrick(pixt1, pixs, size, 1);
pixErodeCompBrick(pixt3, pixs, 1, size);
pixErodeCompBrick(pixt5, pixs, size, size);
if (TIMING) fprintf(stderr, "Time Dwa: %7.3f sec\n", stopTimer());
if (TIMING) startTimer();
pixErodeBrick(pixt2, pixs, size, 1);
pixErodeBrick(pixt4, pixs, 1, size);
pixErodeBrick(pixt6, pixs, size, size);
if (TIMING) fprintf(stderr, "Time Rop: %7.3f sec\n", stopTimer());
PixCompareDwa(size, "erode", pixt1, pixt2, pixt3, pixt4, pixt5, pixt6);
if (TIMING) startTimer();
pixOpenCompBrick(pixt1, pixs, size, 1);
pixOpenCompBrick(pixt3, pixs, 1, size);
pixOpenCompBrick(pixt5, pixs, size, size);
if (TIMING) fprintf(stderr, "Time Dwa: %7.3f sec\n", stopTimer());
if (TIMING) startTimer();
pixOpenBrick(pixt2, pixs, size, 1);
pixOpenBrick(pixt4, pixs, 1, size);
pixOpenBrick(pixt6, pixs, size, size);
if (TIMING) fprintf(stderr, "Time Rop: %7.3f sec\n", stopTimer());
PixCompareDwa(size, "open", pixt1, pixt2, pixt3, pixt4, pixt5, pixt6);
#if 1
pixWrite("/tmp/junko1.png", pixt1, IFF_PNG);
pixWrite("/tmp/junko2.png", pixt2, IFF_PNG);
pixXor(pixt1, pixt1, pixt2);
pixWrite("/tmp/junkoxor.png", pixt1, IFF_PNG);
#endif
#if 0
pixDisplay(pixt1, 100, 100);
pixDisplay(pixt2, 800, 100);
pixWrite("/tmp/junkpixt1.png", pixt1, IFF_PNG);
pixWrite("/tmp/junkpixt2.png", pixt2, IFF_PNG);
#endif
if (TIMING) startTimer();
pixCloseSafeCompBrick(pixt1, pixs, size, 1);
pixCloseSafeCompBrick(pixt3, pixs, 1, size);
pixCloseSafeCompBrick(pixt5, pixs, size, size);
if (TIMING) fprintf(stderr, "Time Dwa: %7.3f sec\n", stopTimer());
if (TIMING) startTimer();
pixCloseSafeBrick(pixt2, pixs, size, 1);
pixCloseSafeBrick(pixt4, pixs, 1, size);
pixCloseSafeBrick(pixt6, pixs, size, size);
if (TIMING) fprintf(stderr, "Time Rop: %7.3f sec\n", stopTimer());
PixCompareDwa(size, "close", pixt1, pixt2, pixt3, pixt4, pixt5, pixt6);
#if 1
pixWrite("/tmp/junkc1.png", pixt1, IFF_PNG);
pixWrite("/tmp/junkc2.png", pixt2, IFF_PNG);
pixXor(pixt1, pixt1, pixt2);
pixWrite("/tmp/junkcxor.png", pixt1, IFF_PNG);
#endif
return 0;
}
/*!
* pixSplitComponentWithProfile()
*
* Input: pixs (1 bpp, exactly one connected component)
* delta (distance used in extrema finding in a numa; typ. 10)
* mindel (minimum required difference between profile minimum
* and profile values +2 and -2 away; typ. 7)
* &pixdebug (<optional return> debug image of splitting)
* Return: boxa (of c.c. after splitting), or null on error
*
* Notes:
* (1) This will split the most obvious cases of touching characters.
* The split points it is searching for are narrow and deep
* minimima in the vertical pixel projection profile, after a
* large vertical closing has been applied to the component.
*/
BOXA *
pixSplitComponentWithProfile(PIX *pixs,
l_int32 delta,
l_int32 mindel,
PIX **ppixdebug)
{
l_int32 w, h, n2, i, firstmin, xmin, xshift;
l_int32 nmin, nleft, nright, nsplit, isplit, ncomp;
l_int32 *array1, *array2;
BOX *box;
BOXA *boxad;
NUMA *na1, *na2, *nasplit;
PIX *pix1, *pixdb;
PROCNAME("pixSplitComponentsWithProfile");
if (ppixdebug) *ppixdebug = NULL;
if (!pixs || pixGetDepth(pixs) != 1)
return (BOXA *)ERROR_PTR("pixa undefined or not 1 bpp", procName, NULL);
pixGetDimensions(pixs, &w, &h, NULL);
/* Closing to consolidate characters vertically */
pix1 = pixCloseSafeBrick(NULL, pixs, 1, 100);
/* Get extrema of column projections */
boxad = boxaCreate(2);
na1 = pixCountPixelsByColumn(pix1); /* w elements */
pixDestroy(&pix1);
na2 = numaFindExtrema(na1, delta);
n2 = numaGetCount(na2);
if (n2 < 3) { /* no split possible */
box = boxCreate(0, 0, w, h);
boxaAddBox(boxad, box, L_INSERT);
numaDestroy(&na1);
numaDestroy(&na2);
return boxad;
}
/* Look for sufficiently deep and narrow minima.
* All minima of of interest must be surrounded by max on each
* side. firstmin is the index of first possible minimum. */
array1 = numaGetIArray(na1);
array2 = numaGetIArray(na2);
if (ppixdebug) numaWriteStream(stderr, na2);
firstmin = (array1[array2[0]] > array1[array2[1]]) ? 1 : 2;
nasplit = numaCreate(n2); /* will hold split locations */
for (i = firstmin; i < n2 - 1; i+= 2) {
xmin = array2[i];
nmin = array1[xmin];
if (xmin + 2 >= w) break; /* no more splits possible */
nleft = array1[xmin - 2];
nright = array1[xmin + 2];
if (ppixdebug) {
fprintf(stderr,
"Splitting: xmin = %d, w = %d; nl = %d, nmin = %d, nr = %d\n",
xmin, w, nleft, nmin, nright);
}
if (nleft - nmin >= mindel && nright - nmin >= mindel) /* split */
numaAddNumber(nasplit, xmin);
}
nsplit = numaGetCount(nasplit);
#if 0
if (ppixdebug && nsplit > 0)
gplotSimple1(na1, GPLOT_X11, "/tmp/splitroot", NULL);
#endif
numaDestroy(&na1);
numaDestroy(&na2);
FREE(array1);
FREE(array2);
if (nsplit == 0) { /* no splitting */
box = boxCreate(0, 0, w, h);
boxaAddBox(boxad, box, L_INSERT);
return boxad;
}
/* Use split points to generate b.b. after splitting */
for (i = 0, xshift = 0; i < nsplit; i++) {
numaGetIValue(nasplit, i, &isplit);
box = boxCreate(xshift, 0, isplit - xshift, h);
boxaAddBox(boxad, box, L_INSERT);
xshift = isplit + 1;
}
box = boxCreate(xshift, 0, w - xshift, h);
boxaAddBox(boxad, box, L_INSERT);
numaDestroy(&nasplit);
if (ppixdebug) {
pixdb = pixConvertTo32(pixs);
ncomp = boxaGetCount(boxad);
for (i = 0; i < ncomp; i++) {
box = boxaGetBox(boxad, i, L_CLONE);
pixRenderBoxBlend(pixdb, box, 1, 255, 0, 0, 0.5);
boxDestroy(&box);
}
*ppixdebug = pixdb;
}
return boxad;
}
main(int argc,
char **argv)
{
l_int32 i, ok, same;
char sequence[512];
PIX *pixs, *pixref;
PIX *pixt1, *pixt2, *pixt3, *pixt4, *pixt5, *pixt6;
PIX *pixt7, *pixt8, *pixt9, *pixt10, *pixt11;
PIX *pixt12, *pixt13, *pixt14;
SEL *sel;
static char mainName[] = "binmorph1_reg";
if (argc != 1)
exit(ERROR_INT(" Syntax: binmorph1_reg", mainName, 1));
if ((pixs = pixRead("feyn.tif")) == NULL)
exit(ERROR_INT("pix not made", mainName, 1));
#if TEST_SYMMETRIC
/* This works properly if there is an added border */
resetMorphBoundaryCondition(SYMMETRIC_MORPH_BC);
#if 1
pixt1 = pixAddBorder(pixs, 32, 0);
pixTransferAllData(pixs, &pixt1, 0, 0);
#endif
#endif /* TEST_SYMMETRIC */
/* This is our test sel */
sel = selCreateBrick(HEIGHT, WIDTH, HEIGHT / 2, WIDTH / 2, SEL_HIT);
/* Dilation */
fprintf(stderr, "Testing dilation\n");
ok = TRUE;
pixref = pixDilate(NULL, pixs, sel); /* new one */
pixt1 = pixCreateTemplate(pixs);
pixDilate(pixt1, pixs, sel); /* existing one */
pixEqual(pixref, pixt1, &same);
if (!same) {
fprintf(stderr, "pixref != pixt1 !\n"); ok = FALSE;
}
pixt2 = pixCopy(NULL, pixs);
pixDilate(pixt2, pixt2, sel); /* in-place */
pixEqual(pixref, pixt2, &same);
if (!same) {
fprintf(stderr, "pixref != pixt2 !\n"); ok = FALSE;
}
sprintf(sequence, "d%d.%d", WIDTH, HEIGHT);
pixt3 = pixMorphSequence(pixs, sequence, 0); /* sequence, atomic */
pixEqual(pixref, pixt3, &same);
if (!same) {
fprintf(stderr, "pixref != pixt3 !\n"); ok = FALSE;
}
sprintf(sequence, "d%d.1 + d1.%d", WIDTH, HEIGHT);
pixt4 = pixMorphSequence(pixs, sequence, 0); /* sequence, separable */
pixEqual(pixref, pixt4, &same);
if (!same) {
fprintf(stderr, "pixref != pixt4 !\n"); ok = FALSE;
}
pixt5 = pixDilateBrick(NULL, pixs, WIDTH, HEIGHT); /* new one */
pixEqual(pixref, pixt5, &same);
if (!same) {
fprintf(stderr, "pixref != pixt5 !\n"); ok = FALSE;
}
pixt6 = pixCreateTemplate(pixs);
pixDilateBrick(pixt6, pixs, WIDTH, HEIGHT); /* existing one */
pixEqual(pixref, pixt6, &same);
if (!same) {
fprintf(stderr, "pixref != pixt6 !\n"); ok = FALSE;
}
pixt7 = pixCopy(NULL, pixs);
pixDilateBrick(pixt7, pixt7, WIDTH, HEIGHT); /* in-place */
pixEqual(pixref, pixt7, &same);
if (!same) {
fprintf(stderr, "pixref != pixt7 !\n"); ok = FALSE;
}
pixt8 = pixDilateBrickDwa(NULL, pixs, WIDTH, HEIGHT); /* new one */
pixEqual(pixref, pixt8, &same);
if (!same) {
fprintf(stderr, "pixref != pixt8 !\n"); ok = FALSE;
}
pixt9 = pixCreateTemplate(pixs);
pixDilateBrickDwa(pixt9, pixs, WIDTH, HEIGHT); /* existing one */
pixEqual(pixref, pixt9, &same);
if (!same) {
fprintf(stderr, "pixref != pixt9 !\n"); ok = FALSE;
}
pixt10 = pixCopy(NULL, pixs);
pixDilateBrickDwa(pixt10, pixt10, WIDTH, HEIGHT); /* in-place */
pixEqual(pixref, pixt10, &same);
if (!same) {
fprintf(stderr, "pixref != pixt10 !\n"); ok = FALSE;
}
pixt11 = pixCreateTemplate(pixs);
pixDilateCompBrickDwa(pixt11, pixs, WIDTH, HEIGHT); /* existing one */
pixEqual(pixref, pixt11, &same);
if (!same) {
fprintf(stderr, "pixref != pixt11 !\n"); ok = FALSE;
}
sprintf(sequence, "d%d.%d", WIDTH, HEIGHT);
pixt12 = pixMorphCompSequence(pixs, sequence, 0); /* comp sequence */
pixEqual(pixref, pixt12, &same);
if (!same) {
fprintf(stderr, "pixref != pixt12!\n"); ok = FALSE;
}
pixt13 = pixMorphSequenceDwa(pixs, sequence, 0); /* dwa sequence */
pixEqual(pixref, pixt13, &same);
if (!same) {
fprintf(stderr, "pixref != pixt13!\n"); ok = FALSE;
}
pixDestroy(&pixref);
pixDestroy(&pixt1);
pixDestroy(&pixt2);
pixDestroy(&pixt3);
pixDestroy(&pixt4);
pixDestroy(&pixt5);
pixDestroy(&pixt6);
pixDestroy(&pixt7);
pixDestroy(&pixt8);
pixDestroy(&pixt9);
pixDestroy(&pixt10);
pixDestroy(&pixt11);
pixDestroy(&pixt12);
pixDestroy(&pixt13);
/* Erosion */
fprintf(stderr, "Testing erosion\n");
pixref = pixErode(NULL, pixs, sel); /* new one */
pixt1 = pixCreateTemplate(pixs);
pixErode(pixt1, pixs, sel); /* existing one */
pixEqual(pixref, pixt1, &same);
if (!same) {
fprintf(stderr, "pixref != pixt1 !\n"); ok = FALSE;
}
pixt2 = pixCopy(NULL, pixs);
pixErode(pixt2, pixt2, sel); /* in-place */
pixEqual(pixref, pixt2, &same);
if (!same) {
fprintf(stderr, "pixref != pixt2 !\n"); ok = FALSE;
}
sprintf(sequence, "e%d.%d", WIDTH, HEIGHT);
pixt3 = pixMorphSequence(pixs, sequence, 0); /* sequence, atomic */
pixEqual(pixref, pixt3, &same);
if (!same) {
fprintf(stderr, "pixref != pixt3 !\n"); ok = FALSE;
}
sprintf(sequence, "e%d.1 + e1.%d", WIDTH, HEIGHT);
pixt4 = pixMorphSequence(pixs, sequence, 0); /* sequence, separable */
pixEqual(pixref, pixt4, &same);
if (!same) {
fprintf(stderr, "pixref != pixt4 !\n"); ok = FALSE;
}
pixt5 = pixErodeBrick(NULL, pixs, WIDTH, HEIGHT); /* new one */
pixEqual(pixref, pixt5, &same);
if (!same) {
fprintf(stderr, "pixref != pixt5 !\n"); ok = FALSE;
}
pixt6 = pixCreateTemplate(pixs);
pixErodeBrick(pixt6, pixs, WIDTH, HEIGHT); /* existing one */
pixEqual(pixref, pixt6, &same);
if (!same) {
fprintf(stderr, "pixref != pixt6 !\n"); ok = FALSE;
}
pixt7 = pixCopy(NULL, pixs);
pixErodeBrick(pixt7, pixt7, WIDTH, HEIGHT); /* in-place */
pixEqual(pixref, pixt7, &same);
if (!same) {
fprintf(stderr, "pixref != pixt7 !\n"); ok = FALSE;
}
pixt8 = pixErodeBrickDwa(NULL, pixs, WIDTH, HEIGHT); /* new one */
pixEqual(pixref, pixt8, &same);
if (!same) {
fprintf(stderr, "pixref != pixt8 !\n"); ok = FALSE;
}
pixt9 = pixCreateTemplate(pixs);
pixErodeBrickDwa(pixt9, pixs, WIDTH, HEIGHT); /* existing one */
pixEqual(pixref, pixt9, &same);
if (!same) {
fprintf(stderr, "pixref != pixt9 !\n"); ok = FALSE;
}
pixt10 = pixCopy(NULL, pixs);
pixErodeBrickDwa(pixt10, pixt10, WIDTH, HEIGHT); /* in-place */
pixEqual(pixref, pixt10, &same);
if (!same) {
fprintf(stderr, "pixref != pixt10 !\n"); ok = FALSE;
}
pixt11 = pixCreateTemplate(pixs);
pixErodeCompBrickDwa(pixt11, pixs, WIDTH, HEIGHT); /* existing one */
pixEqual(pixref, pixt11, &same);
if (!same) {
fprintf(stderr, "pixref != pixt11 !\n"); ok = FALSE;
}
sprintf(sequence, "e%d.%d", WIDTH, HEIGHT);
pixt12 = pixMorphCompSequence(pixs, sequence, 0); /* comp sequence */
pixEqual(pixref, pixt12, &same);
if (!same) {
fprintf(stderr, "pixref != pixt12!\n"); ok = FALSE;
}
pixt13 = pixMorphSequenceDwa(pixs, sequence, 0); /* dwa sequence */
pixEqual(pixref, pixt13, &same);
if (!same) {
fprintf(stderr, "pixref != pixt13!\n"); ok = FALSE;
}
pixDestroy(&pixref);
pixDestroy(&pixt1);
pixDestroy(&pixt2);
pixDestroy(&pixt3);
pixDestroy(&pixt4);
pixDestroy(&pixt5);
pixDestroy(&pixt6);
pixDestroy(&pixt7);
pixDestroy(&pixt8);
pixDestroy(&pixt9);
pixDestroy(&pixt10);
pixDestroy(&pixt11);
pixDestroy(&pixt12);
pixDestroy(&pixt13);
/* Opening */
fprintf(stderr, "Testing opening\n");
pixref = pixOpen(NULL, pixs, sel); /* new one */
pixt1 = pixCreateTemplate(pixs);
pixOpen(pixt1, pixs, sel); /* existing one */
pixEqual(pixref, pixt1, &same);
if (!same) {
fprintf(stderr, "pixref != pixt1 !\n"); ok = FALSE;
}
pixt2 = pixCopy(NULL, pixs);
pixOpen(pixt2, pixt2, sel); /* in-place */
pixEqual(pixref, pixt2, &same);
if (!same) {
fprintf(stderr, "pixref != pixt2 !\n"); ok = FALSE;
}
sprintf(sequence, "o%d.%d", WIDTH, HEIGHT);
pixt3 = pixMorphSequence(pixs, sequence, 0); /* sequence, atomic */
pixEqual(pixref, pixt3, &same);
if (!same) {
fprintf(stderr, "pixref != pixt3 !\n"); ok = FALSE;
}
sprintf(sequence, "e%d.%d + d%d.%d", WIDTH, HEIGHT, WIDTH, HEIGHT);
pixt4 = pixMorphSequence(pixs, sequence, 0); /* sequence, separable */
pixEqual(pixref, pixt4, &same);
if (!same) {
fprintf(stderr, "pixref != pixt4 !\n"); ok = FALSE;
}
sprintf(sequence, "e%d.1 + e1.%d + d%d.1 + d1.%d", WIDTH, HEIGHT,
WIDTH, HEIGHT);
pixt5 = pixMorphSequence(pixs, sequence, 0); /* sequence, separable^2 */
pixEqual(pixref, pixt5, &same);
if (!same) {
fprintf(stderr, "pixref != pixt5 !\n"); ok = FALSE;
}
pixt6 = pixOpenBrick(NULL, pixs, WIDTH, HEIGHT); /* new one */
pixEqual(pixref, pixt6, &same);
if (!same) {
fprintf(stderr, "pixref != pixt6 !\n"); ok = FALSE;
}
pixt7 = pixCreateTemplate(pixs);
pixOpenBrick(pixt7, pixs, WIDTH, HEIGHT); /* existing one */
pixEqual(pixref, pixt7, &same);
if (!same) {
fprintf(stderr, "pixref != pixt7 !\n"); ok = FALSE;
}
pixt8 = pixCopy(NULL, pixs); /* in-place */
pixOpenBrick(pixt8, pixt8, WIDTH, HEIGHT); /* existing one */
pixEqual(pixref, pixt8, &same);
if (!same) {
fprintf(stderr, "pixref != pixt8 !\n"); ok = FALSE;
}
pixt9 = pixOpenBrickDwa(NULL, pixs, WIDTH, HEIGHT); /* new one */
pixEqual(pixref, pixt9, &same);
if (!same) {
fprintf(stderr, "pixref != pixt9 !\n"); ok = FALSE;
}
pixt10 = pixCreateTemplate(pixs);
pixOpenBrickDwa(pixt10, pixs, WIDTH, HEIGHT); /* existing one */
pixEqual(pixref, pixt10, &same);
if (!same) {
fprintf(stderr, "pixref != pixt10 !\n"); ok = FALSE;
}
pixt11 = pixCopy(NULL, pixs);
pixOpenBrickDwa(pixt11, pixt11, WIDTH, HEIGHT); /* in-place */
pixEqual(pixref, pixt11, &same);
if (!same) {
fprintf(stderr, "pixref != pixt11 !\n"); ok = FALSE;
}
sprintf(sequence, "o%d.%d", WIDTH, HEIGHT);
pixt12 = pixMorphCompSequence(pixs, sequence, 0); /* comp sequence */
pixEqual(pixref, pixt12, &same);
if (!same) {
fprintf(stderr, "pixref != pixt12!\n"); ok = FALSE;
}
#if 0
pixWrite("/tmp/junkref.png", pixref, IFF_PNG);
pixWrite("/tmp/junk12.png", pixt12, IFF_PNG);
pixt13 = pixXor(NULL, pixref, pixt12);
pixWrite("/tmp/junk12a.png", pixt13, IFF_PNG);
pixDestroy(&pixt13);
#endif
pixt13 = pixMorphSequenceDwa(pixs, sequence, 0); /* dwa sequence */
pixEqual(pixref, pixt13, &same);
if (!same) {
fprintf(stderr, "pixref != pixt13!\n"); ok = FALSE;
}
pixt14 = pixCreateTemplate(pixs);
pixOpenCompBrickDwa(pixt14, pixs, WIDTH, HEIGHT); /* existing one */
pixEqual(pixref, pixt14, &same);
if (!same) {
fprintf(stderr, "pixref != pixt14 !\n"); ok = FALSE;
}
pixDestroy(&pixref);
pixDestroy(&pixt1);
pixDestroy(&pixt2);
pixDestroy(&pixt3);
pixDestroy(&pixt4);
pixDestroy(&pixt5);
pixDestroy(&pixt6);
pixDestroy(&pixt7);
pixDestroy(&pixt8);
pixDestroy(&pixt9);
pixDestroy(&pixt10);
pixDestroy(&pixt11);
pixDestroy(&pixt12);
pixDestroy(&pixt13);
pixDestroy(&pixt14);
/* Closing */
fprintf(stderr, "Testing closing\n");
pixref = pixClose(NULL, pixs, sel); /* new one */
pixt1 = pixCreateTemplate(pixs);
pixClose(pixt1, pixs, sel); /* existing one */
pixEqual(pixref, pixt1, &same);
if (!same) {
fprintf(stderr, "pixref != pixt1 !\n"); ok = FALSE;
}
pixt2 = pixCopy(NULL, pixs);
pixClose(pixt2, pixt2, sel); /* in-place */
pixEqual(pixref, pixt2, &same);
if (!same) {
fprintf(stderr, "pixref != pixt2 !\n"); ok = FALSE;
}
sprintf(sequence, "d%d.%d + e%d.%d", WIDTH, HEIGHT, WIDTH, HEIGHT);
pixt3 = pixMorphSequence(pixs, sequence, 0); /* sequence, separable */
pixEqual(pixref, pixt3, &same);
if (!same) {
fprintf(stderr, "pixref != pixt3 !\n"); ok = FALSE;
}
sprintf(sequence, "d%d.1 + d1.%d + e%d.1 + e1.%d", WIDTH, HEIGHT,
WIDTH, HEIGHT);
pixt4 = pixMorphSequence(pixs, sequence, 0); /* sequence, separable^2 */
pixEqual(pixref, pixt4, &same);
if (!same) {
fprintf(stderr, "pixref != pixt4 !\n"); ok = FALSE;
}
pixt5 = pixCloseBrick(NULL, pixs, WIDTH, HEIGHT); /* new one */
pixEqual(pixref, pixt5, &same);
if (!same) {
fprintf(stderr, "pixref != pixt5 !\n"); ok = FALSE;
}
pixt6 = pixCreateTemplate(pixs);
pixCloseBrick(pixt6, pixs, WIDTH, HEIGHT); /* existing one */
pixEqual(pixref, pixt6, &same);
if (!same) {
fprintf(stderr, "pixref != pixt6 !\n"); ok = FALSE;
}
pixt7 = pixCopy(NULL, pixs); /* in-place */
pixCloseBrick(pixt7, pixt7, WIDTH, HEIGHT); /* existing one */
pixEqual(pixref, pixt7, &same);
if (!same) {
fprintf(stderr, "pixref != pixt7 !\n"); ok = FALSE;
}
pixDestroy(&pixref);
pixDestroy(&pixt1);
pixDestroy(&pixt2);
pixDestroy(&pixt3);
pixDestroy(&pixt4);
pixDestroy(&pixt5);
pixDestroy(&pixt6);
pixDestroy(&pixt7);
/* Safe closing (using pix, not pixs) */
fprintf(stderr, "Testing safe closing\n");
pixref = pixCloseSafe(NULL, pixs, sel); /* new one */
pixt1 = pixCreateTemplate(pixs);
pixCloseSafe(pixt1, pixs, sel); /* existing one */
pixEqual(pixref, pixt1, &same);
if (!same) {
fprintf(stderr, "pixref != pixt1 !\n"); ok = FALSE;
}
pixt2 = pixCopy(NULL, pixs);
pixCloseSafe(pixt2, pixt2, sel); /* in-place */
pixEqual(pixref, pixt2, &same);
if (!same) {
fprintf(stderr, "pixref != pixt2 !\n"); ok = FALSE;
}
sprintf(sequence, "c%d.%d", WIDTH, HEIGHT);
pixt3 = pixMorphSequence(pixs, sequence, 0); /* sequence, atomic */
pixEqual(pixref, pixt3, &same);
if (!same) {
fprintf(stderr, "pixref != pixt3 !\n"); ok = FALSE;
}
sprintf(sequence, "b32 + d%d.%d + e%d.%d", WIDTH, HEIGHT, WIDTH, HEIGHT);
pixt4 = pixMorphSequence(pixs, sequence, 0); /* sequence, separable */
pixEqual(pixref, pixt4, &same);
if (!same) {
fprintf(stderr, "pixref != pixt4 !\n"); ok = FALSE;
}
sprintf(sequence, "b32 + d%d.1 + d1.%d + e%d.1 + e1.%d", WIDTH, HEIGHT,
WIDTH, HEIGHT);
pixt5 = pixMorphSequence(pixs, sequence, 0); /* sequence, separable^2 */
pixEqual(pixref, pixt5, &same);
if (!same) {
fprintf(stderr, "pixref != pixt5 !\n"); ok = FALSE;
}
pixt6 = pixCloseSafeBrick(NULL, pixs, WIDTH, HEIGHT); /* new one */
pixEqual(pixref, pixt6, &same);
if (!same) {
fprintf(stderr, "pixref != pixt6 !\n"); ok = FALSE;
}
pixt7 = pixCreateTemplate(pixs);
pixCloseSafeBrick(pixt7, pixs, WIDTH, HEIGHT); /* existing one */
pixEqual(pixref, pixt7, &same);
if (!same) {
fprintf(stderr, "pixref != pixt7 !\n"); ok = FALSE;
}
pixt8 = pixCopy(NULL, pixs); /* in-place */
pixCloseSafeBrick(pixt8, pixt8, WIDTH, HEIGHT); /* existing one */
pixEqual(pixref, pixt8, &same);
if (!same) {
fprintf(stderr, "pixref != pixt8 !\n"); ok = FALSE;
}
pixt9 = pixCloseBrickDwa(NULL, pixs, WIDTH, HEIGHT); /* new one */
pixEqual(pixref, pixt9, &same);
if (!same) {
fprintf(stderr, "pixref != pixt9 !\n"); ok = FALSE;
}
pixt10 = pixCreateTemplate(pixs);
pixCloseBrickDwa(pixt10, pixs, WIDTH, HEIGHT); /* existing one */
pixEqual(pixref, pixt10, &same);
if (!same) {
fprintf(stderr, "pixref != pixt10 !\n"); ok = FALSE;
}
pixt11 = pixCopy(NULL, pixs);
pixCloseBrickDwa(pixt11, pixt11, WIDTH, HEIGHT); /* in-place */
pixEqual(pixref, pixt11, &same);
if (!same) {
fprintf(stderr, "pixref != pixt11 !\n"); ok = FALSE;
}
sprintf(sequence, "c%d.%d", WIDTH, HEIGHT);
pixt12 = pixMorphCompSequence(pixs, sequence, 0); /* comp sequence */
pixEqual(pixref, pixt12, &same);
if (!same) {
fprintf(stderr, "pixref != pixt12!\n"); ok = FALSE;
}
pixt13 = pixMorphSequenceDwa(pixs, sequence, 0); /* dwa sequence */
pixEqual(pixref, pixt13, &same);
if (!same) {
fprintf(stderr, "pixref != pixt13!\n"); ok = FALSE;
}
pixt14 = pixCreateTemplate(pixs);
pixCloseCompBrickDwa(pixt14, pixs, WIDTH, HEIGHT); /* existing one */
pixEqual(pixref, pixt14, &same);
if (!same) {
fprintf(stderr, "pixref != pixt14 !\n"); ok = FALSE;
}
#if 0
pixWrite("/tmp/junkref.png", pixref, IFF_PNG);
pixWrite("/tmp/junk12.png", pixt12, IFF_PNG);
pixt13 = pixXor(NULL, pixref, pixt12);
pixWrite("/tmp/junk12a.png", pixt13, IFF_PNG);
pixDestroy(&pixt13);
#endif
pixDestroy(&pixref);
pixDestroy(&pixt1);
pixDestroy(&pixt2);
pixDestroy(&pixt3);
pixDestroy(&pixt4);
pixDestroy(&pixt5);
pixDestroy(&pixt6);
pixDestroy(&pixt7);
pixDestroy(&pixt8);
pixDestroy(&pixt9);
pixDestroy(&pixt10);
pixDestroy(&pixt11);
pixDestroy(&pixt12);
pixDestroy(&pixt13);
pixDestroy(&pixt14);
if (ok)
fprintf(stderr, "All morph tests OK!\n");
pixDestroy(&pixs);
selDestroy(&sel);
exit(0);
}
/*!
* pixGenTextlineMask()
*
* Input: pixs (1 bpp, assumed to be 150 to 200 ppi)
* &pixvws (<return> vertical whitespace mask)
* &tlfound (<optional return> 1 if the mask is not empty)
* debug (flag: 1 for debug output)
* Return: pixd (textline mask), or null on error
*
* Notes:
* (1) The input pixs should be deskewed.
* (2) pixs should have no halftone pixels.
* (3) Both the input image and the returned textline mask
* are at the same resolution.
*/
PIX *
pixGenTextlineMask(PIX *pixs,
PIX **ppixvws,
l_int32 *ptlfound,
l_int32 debug)
{
l_int32 empty;
PIX *pixt1, *pixt2, *pixvws, *pixd;
PROCNAME("pixGenTextlineMask");
if (!pixs)
return (PIX *)ERROR_PTR("pixs not defined", procName, NULL);
if (!ppixvws)
return (PIX *)ERROR_PTR("&pixvws not defined", procName, NULL);
if (pixGetDepth(pixs) != 1)
return (PIX *)ERROR_PTR("pixs not 1 bpp", procName, NULL);
/* First we need a vertical whitespace mask. Invert the image. */
pixt1 = pixInvert(NULL, pixs);
/* The whitespace mask will break textlines where there
* is a large amount of white space below or above.
* This can be prevented by identifying regions of the
* inverted image that have large horizontal extent (bigger than
* the separation between columns) and significant
* vertical extent (bigger than the separation between
* textlines), and subtracting this from the bg. */
pixt2 = pixMorphCompSequence(pixt1, "o80.60", 0);
pixSubtract(pixt1, pixt1, pixt2);
pixDisplayWriteFormat(pixt1, debug, IFF_PNG);
pixDestroy(&pixt2);
/* Identify vertical whitespace by opening the remaining bg.
* o5.1 removes thin vertical bg lines and o1.200 extracts
* long vertical bg lines. */
pixvws = pixMorphCompSequence(pixt1, "o5.1 + o1.200", 0);
*ppixvws = pixvws;
pixDisplayWriteFormat(pixvws, debug, IFF_PNG);
pixDestroy(&pixt1);
/* Three steps to getting text line mask:
* (1) close the characters and words in the textlines
* (2) open the vertical whitespace corridors back up
* (3) small opening to remove noise */
pixt1 = pixCloseSafeBrick(NULL, pixs, 30, 1);
pixDisplayWrite(pixt1, debug);
pixd = pixSubtract(NULL, pixt1, pixvws);
pixOpenBrick(pixd, pixd, 3, 3);
pixDisplayWriteFormat(pixd, debug, IFF_PNG);
pixDestroy(&pixt1);
/* Check if text line mask is empty */
if (ptlfound) {
*ptlfound = 0;
pixZero(pixd, &empty);
if (!empty)
*ptlfound = 1;
}
return pixd;
}
/* ----------------------------------------------------- */
void ProcessDigits(l_int32 index)
{
char rootname[8] = "digit5";
char buf[64];
l_int32 i, nc, ns, same;
NUMA *na1;
PIX *pix1, *pix2, *pix3, *pix4, *pix5, *pix6;
PIXA *pixa1, *pixa2, *pixa3;
/* Read the unfiltered, unscaled pixa of twenty-five 5s */
snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "digits/%s.orig-25.pa", rootname);
pixa1 = pixaRead(buf);
/* Number and show the input images */
snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "/tmp/lept/digit/%s.orig-num", rootname);
PixaDisplayNumbered(pixa1, buf);
/* Remove some of them */
na1 = numaCreateFromString(removeset);
pixaRemoveSelected(pixa1, na1);
numaDestroy(&na1);
snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "/tmp/lept/digit/%s.filt.pa", rootname);
pixaWrite(buf, pixa1);
/* Number and show the filtered images */
snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "/tmp/lept/digit/%s.filt-num", rootname);
PixaDisplayNumbered(pixa1, buf);
/* Extract the largest c.c., clip to the foreground,
* and scale the result to a fixed size. */
nc = pixaGetCount(pixa1);
pixa2 = pixaCreate(nc);
for (i = 0; i < nc; i++) {
pix1 = pixaGetPix(pixa1, i, L_CLONE);
/* A threshold of 140 gives reasonable results */
pix2 = pixThresholdToBinary(pix1, 140);
/* Join nearly touching pieces */
pix3 = pixCloseSafeBrick(NULL, pix2, 5, 5);
/* Take the largest (by area) connected component */
pix4 = pixFilterComponentBySize(pix3, 0, L_SELECT_BY_AREA, 8, NULL);
/* Extract the original 1 bpp pixels that have been
* covered by the closing operation */
pixAnd(pix4, pix4, pix2);
/* Grab the result as an image with no surrounding whitespace */
pixClipToForeground(pix4, &pix5, NULL);
/* Rescale the result to the canonical size */
pix6 = pixScaleToSize(pix5, 20, 30);
pixaAddPix(pixa2, pix6, L_INSERT);
pixDestroy(&pix1);
pixDestroy(&pix2);
pixDestroy(&pix3);
pixDestroy(&pix4);
pixDestroy(&pix5);
}
/* Add the index (a "5") in the text field of each pix; save pixa2 */
snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "%d", index);
for (i = 0; i < nc; i++) {
pix1 = pixaGetPix(pixa2, i, L_CLONE);
pixSetText(pix1, buf);
pixDestroy(&pix1);
}
snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "/tmp/lept/digit/%s.comp.pa", rootname);
pixaWrite(buf, pixa2);
/* Number and show the resulting binary templates */
snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "/tmp/lept/digit/%s.comp-num", rootname);
PixaDisplayNumbered(pixa2, buf);
/* Save the binary templates as a packed tiling (tiff g4).
* This is the most efficient way to represent the templates. */
pix1 = pixaDisplayOnLattice(pixa2, 20, 30, NULL, NULL);
pixDisplay(pix1, 1000, 500);
snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "/tmp/lept/digit/%s.comp.tif", rootname);
pixWrite(buf, pix1, IFF_TIFF_G4);
/* The number of templates is in the pix text string; check it. */
pix2 = pixRead(buf);
if (sscanf(pixGetText(pix2), "n = %d", &ns) != 1)
fprintf(stderr, "Failed to read the number of templates!\n");
if (ns != nc)
fprintf(stderr, "(stored = %d) != (actual number = %d)\n", ns, nc);
/* Reconstruct the pixa of templates from the tiled compressed
* image, and verify that the resulting pixa is the same. */
pixa3 = pixaMakeFromTiledPix(pix1, 20, 30, 0, 0, NULL);
pixaEqual(pixa2, pixa3, 0, NULL, &same);
if (!same)
fprintf(stderr, "Pixa are not the same!\n");
pixDestroy(&pix1);
pixDestroy(&pix2);
pixaDestroy(&pixa1);
pixaDestroy(&pixa2);
pixaDestroy(&pixa3);
}
/*!
* Note: this method is generally inferior to pixHasColorRegions(); it
* is retained as a reference only
*
* \brief pixFindColorRegionsLight()
*
* \param[in] pixs 32 bpp rgb
* \param[in] pixm [optional] 1 bpp mask image
* \param[in] factor subsample factor; integer >= 1
* \param[in] darkthresh threshold to eliminate dark pixels (e.g., text)
* from consideration; typ. 70; -1 for default.
* \param[in] lightthresh threshold for minimum gray value at 95% rank
* near white; typ. 220; -1 for default
* \param[in] mindiff minimum difference from 95% rank value, used
* to count darker pixels; typ. 50; -1 for default
* \param[in] colordiff minimum difference in (max - min) component to
* qualify as a color pixel; typ. 40; -1 for default
* \param[out] pcolorfract fraction of 'color' pixels found
* \param[out] pcolormask1 [optional] mask over background color, if any
* \param[out] pcolormask2 [optional] filtered mask over background color
* \param[out] pixadb [optional] debug intermediate results
* \return 0 if OK, 1 on error
*
* <pre>
* Notes:
* (1) This function tries to determine if there is a significant
* color or darker region on a scanned page image where part
* of the image is very close to "white". It will also allow
* extraction of small regions of lightly colored pixels.
* If the background is darker (and reddish), use instead
* pixHasColorRegions2().
* (2) If %pixm exists, only pixels under fg are considered. Typically,
* the inverse of %pixm would have fg pixels over a photograph.
* (3) There are four thresholds.
* * %darkthresh: ignore pixels darker than this (typ. fg text).
* We make a 1 bpp mask of these pixels, and then dilate it to
* remove all vestiges of fg from their vicinity.
* * %lightthresh: let val95 be the pixel value for which 95%
* of the non-masked pixels have a lower value (darker) of
* their min component. Then if val95 is darker than
* %lightthresh, the image is not considered to have a
* light bg, and this returns 0.0 for %colorfract.
* * %mindiff: we are interested in the fraction of pixels that
* have two conditions. The first is that their min component
* is at least %mindiff darker than val95.
* * %colordiff: the second condition is that the max-min diff
* of the pixel components exceeds %colordiff.
* (4) This returns in %pcolorfract the fraction of pixels that have
* both a min component that is at least %mindiff below that at the
* 95% rank value (where 100% rank is the lightest value), and
* a max-min diff that is at least %colordiff. Without the
* %colordiff constraint, gray pixels of intermediate value
* could get flagged by this function.
* (5) No masks are returned unless light color pixels are found.
* If colorfract > 0.0 and %pcolormask1 is defined, this returns
* a 1 bpp mask with fg pixels over the color background.
* This mask may have some holes in it.
* (6) If colorfract > 0.0 and %pcolormask2 is defined, this returns
* a filtered version of colormask1. The two changes are
* (a) small holes have been filled
* (b) components near the border have been removed.
* The latter insures that dark pixels near the edge of the
* image are not included.
* (7) To generate a boxa of rectangular regions from the overlap
* of components in the filtered mask:
* boxa1 = pixConnCompBB(colormask2, 8);
* boxa2 = boxaCombineOverlaps(boxa1);
* This is done here in debug mode.
* </pre>
*/
static l_int32
pixFindColorRegionsLight(PIX *pixs,
PIX *pixm,
l_int32 factor,
l_int32 darkthresh,
l_int32 lightthresh,
l_int32 mindiff,
l_int32 colordiff,
l_float32 *pcolorfract,
PIX **pcolormask1,
PIX **pcolormask2,
PIXA *pixadb)
{
l_int32 lightbg, w, h, count;
l_float32 ratio, val95, rank;
BOXA *boxa1, *boxa2;
NUMA *nah;
PIX *pix1, *pix2, *pix3, *pix4, *pix5, *pixm1, *pixm2, *pixm3;
PROCNAME("pixFindColorRegionsLight");
if (pcolormask1) *pcolormask1 = NULL;
if (pcolormask2) *pcolormask2 = NULL;
if (!pcolorfract)
return ERROR_INT("&colorfract not defined", procName, 1);
*pcolorfract = 0.0;
if (!pixs || pixGetDepth(pixs) != 32)
return ERROR_INT("pixs not defined or not 32 bpp", procName, 1);
if (factor < 1) factor = 1;
if (darkthresh < 0) darkthresh = 70; /* defaults */
if (lightthresh < 0) lightthresh = 220;
if (mindiff < 0) mindiff = 50;
if (colordiff < 0) colordiff = 40;
/* Check if pixm covers most of the image. If so, just return. */
pixGetDimensions(pixs, &w, &h, NULL);
if (pixm) {
pixCountPixels(pixm, &count, NULL);
ratio = (l_float32)count / ((l_float32)(w) * h);
if (ratio > 0.7) {
if (pixadb) L_INFO("pixm has big fg: %f5.2\n", procName, ratio);
return 0;
}
}
/* Make a mask pixm1 over the dark pixels in the image:
* convert to gray using the average of the components;
* threshold using %darkthresh; do a small dilation;
* combine with pixm. */
pix1 = pixConvertRGBToGray(pixs, 0.33, 0.34, 0.33);
if (pixadb) pixaAddPix(pixadb, pixs, L_COPY);
if (pixadb) pixaAddPix(pixadb, pix1, L_COPY);
pixm1 = pixThresholdToBinary(pix1, darkthresh);
pixDilateBrick(pixm1, pixm1, 7, 7);
if (pixadb) pixaAddPix(pixadb, pixm1, L_COPY);
if (pixm) {
pixOr(pixm1, pixm1, pixm);
if (pixadb) pixaAddPix(pixadb, pixm1, L_COPY);
}
pixDestroy(&pix1);
/* Convert to gray using the minimum component value and
* find the gray value at rank 0.95, that represents the light
* pixels in the image. If it is too dark, quit. */
pix1 = pixConvertRGBToGrayMinMax(pixs, L_SELECT_MIN);
pix2 = pixInvert(NULL, pixm1); /* pixels that are not dark */
pixGetRankValueMasked(pix1, pix2, 0, 0, factor, 0.95, &val95, &nah);
pixDestroy(&pix2);
if (pixadb) {
L_INFO("val at 0.95 rank = %5.1f\n", procName, val95);
gplotSimple1(nah, GPLOT_PNG, "/tmp/lept/histo1", "gray histo");
pix3 = pixRead("/tmp/lept/histo1.png");
pix4 = pixExpandReplicate(pix3, 2);
pixaAddPix(pixadb, pix4, L_INSERT);
pixDestroy(&pix3);
}
lightbg = (l_int32)val95 >= lightthresh;
numaDestroy(&nah);
if (!lightbg) {
pixDestroy(&pix1);
pixDestroy(&pixm1);
return 0;
}
/* Make mask pixm2 over pixels that are darker than val95 - mindiff. */
pixm2 = pixThresholdToBinary(pix1, val95 - mindiff);
if (pixadb) pixaAddPix(pixadb, pixm2, L_COPY);
pixDestroy(&pix1);
/* Make a mask pixm3 over pixels that have some color saturation,
* with a (max - min) component difference >= %colordiff,
* and combine using AND with pixm2. */
pix2 = pixConvertRGBToGrayMinMax(pixs, L_CHOOSE_MAXDIFF);
pixm3 = pixThresholdToBinary(pix2, colordiff);
pixDestroy(&pix2);
pixInvert(pixm3, pixm3); /* need pixels above threshold */
if (pixadb) pixaAddPix(pixadb, pixm3, L_COPY);
pixAnd(pixm2, pixm2, pixm3);
if (pixadb) pixaAddPix(pixadb, pixm2, L_COPY);
pixDestroy(&pixm3);
/* Subtract the dark pixels represented by pixm1.
* pixm2 now holds all the color pixels of interest */
pixSubtract(pixm2, pixm2, pixm1);
pixDestroy(&pixm1);
if (pixadb) pixaAddPix(pixadb, pixm2, L_COPY);
/* But we're not quite finished. Remove pixels from any component
* that is touching the image border. False color pixels can
* sometimes be found there if the image is much darker near
* the border, due to oxidation or reduced illumination. */
pixm3 = pixRemoveBorderConnComps(pixm2, 8);
pixDestroy(&pixm2);
if (pixadb) pixaAddPix(pixadb, pixm3, L_COPY);
/* Get the fraction of light color pixels */
pixCountPixels(pixm3, &count, NULL);
*pcolorfract = (l_float32)count / (w * h);
if (pixadb) {
if (count == 0)
L_INFO("no light color pixels found\n", procName);
else
L_INFO("fraction of light color pixels = %5.3f\n", procName,
*pcolorfract);
}
/* Debug: extract the color pixels from pixs */
if (pixadb && count > 0) {
/* Use pixm3 to extract the color pixels */
pix3 = pixCreateTemplate(pixs);
pixSetAll(pix3);
pixCombineMasked(pix3, pixs, pixm3);
pixaAddPix(pixadb, pix3, L_INSERT);
/* Use additional filtering to extract the color pixels */
pix3 = pixCloseSafeBrick(NULL, pixm3, 15, 15);
pixaAddPix(pixadb, pix3, L_INSERT);
pix5 = pixCreateTemplate(pixs);
pixSetAll(pix5);
pixCombineMasked(pix5, pixs, pix3);
pixaAddPix(pixadb, pix5, L_INSERT);
/* Get the combined bounding boxes of the mask components
* in pix3, and extract those pixels from pixs. */
boxa1 = pixConnCompBB(pix3, 8);
boxa2 = boxaCombineOverlaps(boxa1, NULL);
pix4 = pixCreateTemplate(pix3);
pixMaskBoxa(pix4, pix4, boxa2, L_SET_PIXELS);
pixaAddPix(pixadb, pix4, L_INSERT);
pix5 = pixCreateTemplate(pixs);
pixSetAll(pix5);
pixCombineMasked(pix5, pixs, pix4);
pixaAddPix(pixadb, pix5, L_INSERT);
boxaDestroy(&boxa1);
boxaDestroy(&boxa2);
pixaAddPix(pixadb, pixs, L_COPY);
}
/* Optional colormask returns */
if (pcolormask2 && count > 0)
*pcolormask2 = pixCloseSafeBrick(NULL, pixm3, 15, 15);
if (pcolormask1 && count > 0)
*pcolormask1 = pixm3;
else
pixDestroy(&pixm3);
return 0;
}
main(int argc,
char **argv)
{
char *selnameh, *selnamev;
l_int32 ok, same, w, h, i, bordercolor, extraborder;
l_int32 width[3] = {21, 1, 21};
l_int32 height[3] = {1, 7, 7};
PIX *pixs, *pixref;
PIX *pixt0, *pixt1, *pixt2, *pixt3, *pixt4;
SEL *sel;
SELA *sela;
static char mainName[] = "binmorph3_reg";
if (argc != 1)
exit(ERROR_INT(" Syntax: binmorph3_reg", mainName, 1));
if ((pixs = pixRead("feyn.tif")) == NULL)
exit(ERROR_INT("pix not made", mainName, 1));
#if TEST_SYMMETRIC
resetMorphBoundaryCondition(SYMMETRIC_MORPH_BC);
#endif /* TEST_SYMMETRIC */
for (i = 0; i < 3; i++) {
w = width[i];
h = height[i];
sel = selCreateBrick(h, w, h / 2, w / 2, SEL_HIT);
selnameh = NULL;
selnamev = NULL;
/* Get the selnames for horiz and vert */
sela = selaAddBasic(NULL);
if (w > 1) {
if ((selnameh = selaGetBrickName(sela, w, 1)) == NULL) {
selaDestroy(&sela);
return ERROR_INT("dwa hor sel not defined", mainName, 1);
}
}
if (h > 1) {
if ((selnamev = selaGetBrickName(sela, 1, h)) == NULL) {
selaDestroy(&sela);
return ERROR_INT("dwa vert sel not defined", mainName, 1);
}
}
fprintf(stderr, "w = %d, h = %d, selh = %s, selv = %s\n",
w, h, selnameh, selnamev);
ok = TRUE;
selaDestroy(&sela);
/* ----------------- Dilation ----------------- */
fprintf(stderr, "Testing dilation\n");
pixref = pixDilate(NULL, pixs, sel);
pixt1 = pixDilateBrickDwa(NULL, pixs, w, h);
pixEqual(pixref, pixt1, &same);
if (!same) {
fprintf(stderr, "pixref != pixt1 !\n"); ok = FALSE;
}
pixDestroy(&pixt1);
if (w > 1)
pixt1 = pixMorphDwa_1(NULL, pixs, L_MORPH_DILATE, selnameh);
else
pixt1 = pixClone(pixs);
if (h > 1)
pixt2 = pixMorphDwa_1(NULL, pixt1, L_MORPH_DILATE, selnamev);
else
pixt2 = pixClone(pixt1);
pixEqual(pixref, pixt2, &same);
if (!same) {
fprintf(stderr, "pixref != pixt2 !\n"); ok = FALSE;
}
pixDestroy(&pixt1);
pixDestroy(&pixt2);
pixt1 = pixAddBorder(pixs, 32, 0);
if (w > 1)
pixt2 = pixFMorphopGen_1(NULL, pixt1, L_MORPH_DILATE, selnameh);
else
pixt2 = pixClone(pixt1);
if (h > 1)
pixt3 = pixFMorphopGen_1(NULL, pixt2, L_MORPH_DILATE, selnamev);
else
pixt3 = pixClone(pixt2);
pixt4 = pixRemoveBorder(pixt3, 32);
pixEqual(pixref, pixt4, &same);
if (!same) {
fprintf(stderr, "pixref != pixt4 !\n"); ok = FALSE;
}
pixDestroy(&pixref);
pixDestroy(&pixt1);
pixDestroy(&pixt2);
pixDestroy(&pixt3);
pixDestroy(&pixt4);
/* ----------------- Erosion ----------------- */
fprintf(stderr, "Testing erosion\n");
pixref = pixErode(NULL, pixs, sel);
pixt1 = pixErodeBrickDwa(NULL, pixs, w, h);
pixEqual(pixref, pixt1, &same);
if (!same) {
fprintf(stderr, "pixref != pixt1 !\n"); ok = FALSE;
}
pixDestroy(&pixt1);
if (w > 1)
pixt1 = pixMorphDwa_1(NULL, pixs, L_MORPH_ERODE, selnameh);
else
pixt1 = pixClone(pixs);
if (h > 1)
pixt2 = pixMorphDwa_1(NULL, pixt1, L_MORPH_ERODE, selnamev);
else
pixt2 = pixClone(pixt1);
pixEqual(pixref, pixt2, &same);
if (!same) {
fprintf(stderr, "pixref != pixt2 !\n"); ok = FALSE;
}
pixDestroy(&pixt1);
pixDestroy(&pixt2);
pixt1 = pixAddBorder(pixs, 32, 0);
if (w > 1)
pixt2 = pixFMorphopGen_1(NULL, pixt1, L_MORPH_ERODE, selnameh);
else
pixt2 = pixClone(pixt1);
if (h > 1)
pixt3 = pixFMorphopGen_1(NULL, pixt2, L_MORPH_ERODE, selnamev);
else
pixt3 = pixClone(pixt2);
pixt4 = pixRemoveBorder(pixt3, 32);
pixEqual(pixref, pixt4, &same);
if (!same) {
fprintf(stderr, "pixref != pixt4 !\n"); ok = FALSE;
}
pixDestroy(&pixref);
pixDestroy(&pixt1);
pixDestroy(&pixt2);
pixDestroy(&pixt3);
pixDestroy(&pixt4);
/* ----------------- Opening ----------------- */
fprintf(stderr, "Testing opening\n");
pixref = pixOpen(NULL, pixs, sel);
pixt1 = pixOpenBrickDwa(NULL, pixs, w, h);
pixEqual(pixref, pixt1, &same);
if (!same) {
fprintf(stderr, "pixref != pixt1 !\n"); ok = FALSE;
}
pixDestroy(&pixt1);
if (h == 1)
pixt2 = pixMorphDwa_1(NULL, pixs, L_MORPH_OPEN, selnameh);
else if (w == 1)
pixt2 = pixMorphDwa_1(NULL, pixs, L_MORPH_OPEN, selnamev);
else {
pixt1 = pixMorphDwa_1(NULL, pixs, L_MORPH_ERODE, selnameh);
pixt2 = pixMorphDwa_1(NULL, pixt1, L_MORPH_ERODE, selnamev);
pixMorphDwa_1(pixt1, pixt2, L_MORPH_DILATE, selnameh);
pixMorphDwa_1(pixt2, pixt1, L_MORPH_DILATE, selnamev);
pixDestroy(&pixt1);
}
pixEqual(pixref, pixt2, &same);
if (!same) {
fprintf(stderr, "pixref != pixt2 !\n"); ok = FALSE;
}
pixDestroy(&pixt2);
pixt1 = pixAddBorder(pixs, 32, 0);
if (h == 1)
pixt3 = pixFMorphopGen_1(NULL, pixt1, L_MORPH_OPEN, selnameh);
else if (w == 1)
pixt3 = pixFMorphopGen_1(NULL, pixt1, L_MORPH_OPEN, selnamev);
else {
pixt2 = pixFMorphopGen_1(NULL, pixt1, L_MORPH_ERODE, selnameh);
pixt3 = pixFMorphopGen_1(NULL, pixt2, L_MORPH_ERODE, selnamev);
pixFMorphopGen_1(pixt2, pixt3, L_MORPH_DILATE, selnameh);
pixFMorphopGen_1(pixt3, pixt2, L_MORPH_DILATE, selnamev);
pixDestroy(&pixt2);
}
pixt4 = pixRemoveBorder(pixt3, 32);
pixEqual(pixref, pixt4, &same);
if (!same) {
fprintf(stderr, "pixref != pixt4 !\n"); ok = FALSE;
}
pixDestroy(&pixref);
pixDestroy(&pixt1);
pixDestroy(&pixt3);
pixDestroy(&pixt4);
/* ----------------- Closing ----------------- */
fprintf(stderr, "Testing closing\n");
pixref = pixClose(NULL, pixs, sel);
/* Note: L_MORPH_CLOSE for h==1 or w==1 gives safe closing,
* so we can't use it here. */
if (h == 1) {
pixt1 = pixMorphDwa_1(NULL, pixs, L_MORPH_DILATE, selnameh);
pixt2 = pixMorphDwa_1(NULL, pixt1, L_MORPH_ERODE, selnameh);
}
else if (w == 1) {
pixt1 = pixMorphDwa_1(NULL, pixs, L_MORPH_DILATE, selnamev);
pixt2 = pixMorphDwa_1(NULL, pixt1, L_MORPH_ERODE, selnamev);
}
else {
pixt1 = pixMorphDwa_1(NULL, pixs, L_MORPH_DILATE, selnameh);
pixt2 = pixMorphDwa_1(NULL, pixt1, L_MORPH_DILATE, selnamev);
pixMorphDwa_1(pixt1, pixt2, L_MORPH_ERODE, selnameh);
pixMorphDwa_1(pixt2, pixt1, L_MORPH_ERODE, selnamev);
}
pixDestroy(&pixt1);
pixEqual(pixref, pixt2, &same);
if (!same) {
fprintf(stderr, "pixref != pixt2 !\n"); ok = FALSE;
}
pixDestroy(&pixt2);
/* Note: by adding only 32 pixels of border, we get
* the normal closing operation, even when calling
* with L_MORPH_CLOSE, because it requires 32 pixels
* of border to be safe. */
pixt1 = pixAddBorder(pixs, 32, 0);
if (h == 1)
pixt3 = pixFMorphopGen_1(NULL, pixt1, L_MORPH_CLOSE, selnameh);
else if (w == 1)
pixt3 = pixFMorphopGen_1(NULL, pixt1, L_MORPH_CLOSE, selnamev);
else {
pixt2 = pixFMorphopGen_1(NULL, pixt1, L_MORPH_DILATE, selnameh);
pixt3 = pixFMorphopGen_1(NULL, pixt2, L_MORPH_DILATE, selnamev);
pixFMorphopGen_1(pixt2, pixt3, L_MORPH_ERODE, selnameh);
pixFMorphopGen_1(pixt3, pixt2, L_MORPH_ERODE, selnamev);
pixDestroy(&pixt2);
}
pixt4 = pixRemoveBorder(pixt3, 32);
pixEqual(pixref, pixt4, &same);
if (!same) {
fprintf(stderr, "pixref != pixt4 !\n"); ok = FALSE;
}
pixDestroy(&pixref);
pixDestroy(&pixt1);
pixDestroy(&pixt3);
pixDestroy(&pixt4);
/* ------------- Safe Closing ----------------- */
fprintf(stderr, "Testing safe closing\n");
pixref = pixCloseSafe(NULL, pixs, sel);
pixt0 = pixCloseSafeBrick(NULL, pixs, w, h);
pixEqual(pixref, pixt0, &same);
if (!same) {
fprintf(stderr, "pixref != pixt0 !\n"); ok = FALSE;
}
pixDestroy(&pixt0);
pixt1 = pixCloseBrickDwa(NULL, pixs, w, h);
pixEqual(pixref, pixt1, &same);
if (!same) {
fprintf(stderr, "pixref != pixt1 !\n"); ok = FALSE;
}
pixDestroy(&pixt1);
bordercolor = getMorphBorderPixelColor(L_MORPH_ERODE, 1);
if (bordercolor == 0) /* asymmetric b.c. */
extraborder = 32;
else /* symmetric b.c. */
extraborder = 0;
/* Note: for safe closing we need 64 border pixels.
* However, when we implement a separable Sel
* with pixMorphDwa_*(), we must do dilation and
* erosion explicitly, and these functions only
* add/remove a 32-pixel border. Thus, for that
* case we must add an additional 32-pixel border
* before doing the operations. That is the reason
* why the implementation in morphdwa.c adds the
* 64 bit border and then uses the lower-level
* pixFMorphopGen_*() functions. */
if (h == 1)
pixt3 = pixMorphDwa_1(NULL, pixs, L_MORPH_CLOSE, selnameh);
else if (w == 1)
pixt3 = pixMorphDwa_1(NULL, pixs, L_MORPH_CLOSE, selnamev);
else {
pixt0 = pixAddBorder(pixs, extraborder, 0);
pixt1 = pixMorphDwa_1(NULL, pixt0, L_MORPH_DILATE, selnameh);
pixt2 = pixMorphDwa_1(NULL, pixt1, L_MORPH_DILATE, selnamev);
pixMorphDwa_1(pixt1, pixt2, L_MORPH_ERODE, selnameh);
pixMorphDwa_1(pixt2, pixt1, L_MORPH_ERODE, selnamev);
pixt3 = pixRemoveBorder(pixt2, extraborder);
pixDestroy(&pixt0);
pixDestroy(&pixt1);
pixDestroy(&pixt2);
}
pixEqual(pixref, pixt3, &same);
if (!same) {
fprintf(stderr, "pixref != pixt3 !\n"); ok = FALSE;
}
pixDestroy(&pixt3);
pixt1 = pixAddBorder(pixs, 32 + extraborder, 0);
if (h == 1)
pixt3 = pixFMorphopGen_1(NULL, pixt1, L_MORPH_CLOSE, selnameh);
else if (w == 1)
pixt3 = pixFMorphopGen_1(NULL, pixt1, L_MORPH_CLOSE, selnamev);
else {
pixt2 = pixFMorphopGen_1(NULL, pixt1, L_MORPH_DILATE, selnameh);
pixt3 = pixFMorphopGen_1(NULL, pixt2, L_MORPH_DILATE, selnamev);
pixFMorphopGen_1(pixt2, pixt3, L_MORPH_ERODE, selnameh);
pixFMorphopGen_1(pixt3, pixt2, L_MORPH_ERODE, selnamev);
pixDestroy(&pixt2);
}
pixt4 = pixRemoveBorder(pixt3, 32 + extraborder);
pixEqual(pixref, pixt4, &same);
if (!same) {
fprintf(stderr, "pixref != pixt4 !\n"); ok = FALSE;
}
pixDestroy(&pixref);
pixDestroy(&pixt1);
pixDestroy(&pixt3);
pixDestroy(&pixt4);
if (ok)
fprintf(stderr, "All morph tests OK!\n");
selDestroy(&sel);
lept_free(selnameh);
lept_free(selnamev);
}
pixDestroy(&pixs);
return 0;
}
/*!
* \brief pixMorphSequence()
*
* \param[in] pixs
* \param[in] sequence string specifying sequence
* \param[in] dispsep controls debug display of each result in the sequence:
* 0: no output
* > 0: gives horizontal separation in pixels between
* successive displays
* < 0: pdf output; abs(dispsep) is used for naming
* \return pixd, or NULL on error
*
* <pre>
* Notes:
* (1) This does rasterop morphology on binary images.
* (2) This runs a pipeline of operations; no branching is allowed.
* (3) This only uses brick Sels, which are created on the fly.
* In the future this will be generalized to extract Sels from
* a Sela by name.
* (4) A new image is always produced; the input image is not changed.
* (5) This contains an interpreter, allowing sequences to be
* generated and run.
* (6) The format of the sequence string is defined below.
* (7) In addition to morphological operations, rank order reduction
* and replicated expansion allow operations to take place
* downscaled by a power of 2.
* (8) Intermediate results can optionally be displayed.
* (9) Thanks to Dar-Shyang Lee, who had the idea for this and
* built the first implementation.
* (10) The sequence string is formatted as follows:
* ~ An arbitrary number of operations, each separated
* by a '+' character. White space is ignored.
* ~ Each operation begins with a case-independent character
* specifying the operation:
* d or D (dilation)
* e or E (erosion)
* o or O (opening)
* c or C (closing)
* r or R (rank binary reduction)
* x or X (replicative binary expansion)
* b or B (add a border of 0 pixels of this size)
* ~ The args to the morphological operations are bricks of hits,
* and are formatted as a.b, where a and b are horizontal and
* vertical dimensions, rsp.
* ~ The args to the reduction are a sequence of up to 4 integers,
* each from 1 to 4.
* ~ The arg to the expansion is a power of two, in the set
* {2, 4, 8, 16}.
* (11) An example valid sequence is:
* "b32 + o1.3 + C3.1 + r23 + e2.2 + D3.2 + X4"
* In this example, the following operation sequence is carried out:
* * b32: Add a 32 pixel border around the input image
* * o1.3: Opening with vert sel of length 3 (e.g., 1 x 3)
* * C3.1: Closing with horiz sel of length 3 (e.g., 3 x 1)
* * r23: Two successive 2x2 reductions with rank 2 in the first
* and rank 3 in the second. The result is a 4x reduced pix.
* * e2.2: Erosion with a 2x2 sel (origin will be at x,y: 0,0)
* * d3.2: Dilation with a 3x2 sel (origin will be at x,y: 1,0)
* * X4: 4x replicative expansion, back to original resolution
* (12) The safe closing is used. However, if you implement a
* closing as separable dilations followed by separable erosions,
* it will not be safe. For that situation, you need to add
* a sufficiently large border as the first operation in
* the sequence. This will be removed automatically at the
* end. There are two cautions:
* ~ When computing what is sufficient, remember that if
* reductions are carried out, the border is also reduced.
* ~ The border is removed at the end, so if a border is
* added at the beginning, the result must be at the
* same resolution as the input!
* </pre>
*/
PIX *
pixMorphSequence(PIX *pixs,
const char *sequence,
l_int32 dispsep)
{
char *rawop, *op, *fname;
char buf[256];
l_int32 nops, i, j, nred, fact, w, h, x, y, border, pdfout;
l_int32 level[4];
PIX *pixt1, *pixt2;
PIXA *pixa;
SARRAY *sa;
PROCNAME("pixMorphSequence");
if (!pixs)
return (PIX *)ERROR_PTR("pixs not defined", procName, NULL);
if (!sequence)
return (PIX *)ERROR_PTR("sequence not defined", procName, NULL);
/* Split sequence into individual operations */
sa = sarrayCreate(0);
sarraySplitString(sa, sequence, "+");
nops = sarrayGetCount(sa);
pdfout = (dispsep < 0) ? 1 : 0;
if (!morphSequenceVerify(sa)) {
sarrayDestroy(&sa);
return (PIX *)ERROR_PTR("sequence not valid", procName, NULL);
}
/* Parse and operate */
pixa = NULL;
if (pdfout) {
pixa = pixaCreate(0);
pixaAddPix(pixa, pixs, L_CLONE);
snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "/tmp/seq_output_%d.pdf", L_ABS(dispsep));
fname = genPathname(buf, NULL);
}
border = 0;
pixt1 = pixCopy(NULL, pixs);
pixt2 = NULL;
x = y = 0;
for (i = 0; i < nops; i++) {
rawop = sarrayGetString(sa, i, L_NOCOPY);
op = stringRemoveChars(rawop, " \n\t");
switch (op[0])
{
case 'd':
case 'D':
sscanf(&op[1], "%d.%d", &w, &h);
pixt2 = pixDilateBrick(NULL, pixt1, w, h);
pixSwapAndDestroy(&pixt1, &pixt2);
break;
case 'e':
case 'E':
sscanf(&op[1], "%d.%d", &w, &h);
pixt2 = pixErodeBrick(NULL, pixt1, w, h);
pixSwapAndDestroy(&pixt1, &pixt2);
break;
case 'o':
case 'O':
sscanf(&op[1], "%d.%d", &w, &h);
pixOpenBrick(pixt1, pixt1, w, h);
break;
case 'c':
case 'C':
sscanf(&op[1], "%d.%d", &w, &h);
pixCloseSafeBrick(pixt1, pixt1, w, h);
break;
case 'r':
case 'R':
nred = strlen(op) - 1;
for (j = 0; j < nred; j++)
level[j] = op[j + 1] - '0';
for (j = nred; j < 4; j++)
level[j] = 0;
pixt2 = pixReduceRankBinaryCascade(pixt1, level[0], level[1],
level[2], level[3]);
pixSwapAndDestroy(&pixt1, &pixt2);
break;
case 'x':
case 'X':
sscanf(&op[1], "%d", &fact);
pixt2 = pixExpandReplicate(pixt1, fact);
pixSwapAndDestroy(&pixt1, &pixt2);
break;
case 'b':
case 'B':
sscanf(&op[1], "%d", &border);
pixt2 = pixAddBorder(pixt1, border, 0);
pixSwapAndDestroy(&pixt1, &pixt2);
break;
default:
/* All invalid ops are caught in the first pass */
break;
}
LEPT_FREE(op);
/* Debug output */
if (dispsep > 0) {
pixDisplay(pixt1, x, y);
x += dispsep;
}
if (pdfout)
pixaAddPix(pixa, pixt1, L_COPY);
}
if (border > 0) {
pixt2 = pixRemoveBorder(pixt1, border);
pixSwapAndDestroy(&pixt1, &pixt2);
}
if (pdfout) {
pixaConvertToPdf(pixa, 0, 1.0, L_FLATE_ENCODE, 0, fname, fname);
LEPT_FREE(fname);
pixaDestroy(&pixa);
}
sarrayDestroy(&sa);
return pixt1;
}
l_int32
DoComparisonDwa2(L_REGPARAMS *rp,
PIX *pixs,
PIX *pix1,
PIX *pix2,
PIX *pix3,
PIX *pix4,
PIX *pix5,
PIX *pix6,
l_int32 size) /* exactly decomposable */
{
fprintf(stderr, "..%d..", size);
if (TIMING) startTimer();
pixDilateCompBrickExtendDwa(pix1, pixs, size, 1);
pixDilateCompBrickExtendDwa(pix3, pixs, 1, size);
pixDilateCompBrickExtendDwa(pix5, pixs, size, size);
if (TIMING) fprintf(stderr, "Time Dwa: %7.3f sec\n", stopTimer());
if (TIMING) startTimer();
pixDilateBrick(pix2, pixs, size, 1);
pixDilateBrick(pix4, pixs, 1, size);
pixDilateBrick(pix6, pixs, size, size);
if (TIMING) fprintf(stderr, "Time Rop: %7.3f sec\n", stopTimer());
PixCompareDwa(rp, size, "dilate", pix1, pix2, pix3, pix4, pix5, pix6);
if (TIMING) startTimer();
pixErodeCompBrickExtendDwa(pix1, pixs, size, 1);
pixErodeCompBrickExtendDwa(pix3, pixs, 1, size);
pixErodeCompBrickExtendDwa(pix5, pixs, size, size);
if (TIMING) fprintf(stderr, "Time Dwa: %7.3f sec\n", stopTimer());
if (TIMING) startTimer();
pixErodeBrick(pix2, pixs, size, 1);
pixErodeBrick(pix4, pixs, 1, size);
pixErodeBrick(pix6, pixs, size, size);
if (TIMING) fprintf(stderr, "Time Rop: %7.3f sec\n", stopTimer());
PixCompareDwa(rp, size, "erode", pix1, pix2, pix3, pix4, pix5, pix6);
if (TIMING) startTimer();
pixOpenCompBrickExtendDwa(pix1, pixs, size, 1);
pixOpenCompBrickExtendDwa(pix3, pixs, 1, size);
pixOpenCompBrickExtendDwa(pix5, pixs, size, size);
if (TIMING) fprintf(stderr, "Time Dwa: %7.3f sec\n", stopTimer());
if (TIMING) startTimer();
pixOpenBrick(pix2, pixs, size, 1);
pixOpenBrick(pix4, pixs, 1, size);
pixOpenBrick(pix6, pixs, size, size);
if (TIMING) fprintf(stderr, "Time Rop: %7.3f sec\n", stopTimer());
PixCompareDwa(rp, size, "open", pix1, pix2, pix3, pix4, pix5, pix6);
if (TIMING) startTimer();
pixCloseCompBrickExtendDwa(pix1, pixs, size, 1);
pixCloseCompBrickExtendDwa(pix3, pixs, 1, size);
pixCloseCompBrickExtendDwa(pix5, pixs, size, size);
if (TIMING) fprintf(stderr, "Time Dwa: %7.3f sec\n", stopTimer());
if (TIMING) startTimer();
pixCloseSafeBrick(pix2, pixs, size, 1);
pixCloseSafeBrick(pix4, pixs, 1, size);
pixCloseSafeBrick(pix6, pixs, size, size);
if (TIMING) fprintf(stderr, "Time Rop: %7.3f sec\n", stopTimer());
PixCompareDwa(rp, size, "close", pix1, pix2, pix3, pix4, pix5, pix6);
return 0;
}
/*!
* pixMorphSequence()
*
* Input: pixs
* sequence (string specifying sequence)
* dispsep (horizontal separation in pixels between
* successive displays; use zero to suppress display)
* Return: pixd, or null on error
*
* Notes:
* (1) This does rasterop morphology on binary images.
* (2) This runs a pipeline of operations; no branching is allowed.
* (3) This only uses brick Sels, which are created on the fly.
* In the future this will be generalized to extract Sels from
* a Sela by name.
* (4) A new image is always produced; the input image is not changed.
* (5) This contains an interpreter, allowing sequences to be
* generated and run.
* (6) The format of the sequence string is defined below.
* (7) In addition to morphological operations, rank order reduction
* and replicated expansion allow operations to take place
* downscaled by a power of 2.
* (8) Intermediate results can optionally be displayed.
* (9) Thanks to Dar-Shyang Lee, who had the idea for this and
* built the first implementation.
* (10) The sequence string is formatted as follows:
* - An arbitrary number of operations, each separated
* by a '+' character. White space is ignored.
* - Each operation begins with a case-independent character
* specifying the operation:
* d or D (dilation)
* e or E (erosion)
* o or O (opening)
* c or C (closing)
* r or R (rank binary reduction)
* x or X (replicative binary expansion)
* b or B (add a border of 0 pixels of this size)
* - The args to the morphological operations are bricks of hits,
* and are formatted as a.b, where a and b are horizontal and
* vertical dimensions, rsp.
* - The args to the reduction are a sequence of up to 4 integers,
* each from 1 to 4.
* - The arg to the expansion is a power of two, in the set
* {2, 4, 8, 16}.
* (11) An example valid sequence is:
* "b32 + o1.3 + C3.1 + r23 + e2.2 + D3.2 + X4"
* In this example, the following operation sequence is carried out:
* * b32: Add a 32 pixel border around the input image
* * o1.3: Opening with vert sel of length 3 (e.g., 1 x 3)
* * C3.1: Closing with horiz sel of length 3 (e.g., 3 x 1)
* * r23: Two successive 2x2 reductions with rank 2 in the first
* and rank 3 in the second. The result is a 4x reduced pix.
* * e2.2: Erosion with a 2x2 sel (origin will be at x,y: 0,0)
* * d3.2: Dilation with a 3x2 sel (origin will be at x,y: 1,0)
* * X4: 4x replicative expansion, back to original resolution
* (12) The safe closing is used. However, if you implement a
* closing as separable dilations followed by separable erosions,
* it will not be safe. For that situation, you need to add
* a sufficiently large border as the first operation in
* the sequence. This will be removed automatically at the
* end. There are two cautions:
* - When computing what is sufficient, remember that if
* reductions are carried out, the border is also reduced.
* - The border is removed at the end, so if a border is
* added at the beginning, the result must be at the
* same resolution as the input!
*/
PIX *
pixMorphSequence(PIX *pixs,
const char *sequence,
l_int32 dispsep)
{
char *rawop, *op;
l_int32 nops, i, j, nred, fact, w, h, x, y, border;
l_int32 level[4];
PIX *pixt1, *pixt2;
SARRAY *sa;
PROCNAME("pixMorphSequence");
if (!pixs)
return (PIX *)ERROR_PTR("pixs not defined", procName, NULL);
if (!sequence)
return (PIX *)ERROR_PTR("sequence not defined", procName, NULL);
/* Split sequence into individual operations */
sa = sarrayCreate(0);
sarraySplitString(sa, sequence, "+");
nops = sarrayGetCount(sa);
if (!morphSequenceVerify(sa)) {
sarrayDestroy(&sa);
return (PIX *)ERROR_PTR("sequence not valid", procName, NULL);
}
/* Parse and operate */
border = 0;
pixt1 = pixCopy(NULL, pixs);
pixt2 = NULL;
x = y = 0;
for (i = 0; i < nops; i++) {
rawop = sarrayGetString(sa, i, 0);
op = stringRemoveChars(rawop, " \n\t");
switch (op[0])
{
case 'd':
case 'D':
sscanf(&op[1], "%d.%d", &w, &h);
pixt2 = pixDilateBrick(NULL, pixt1, w, h);
pixDestroy(&pixt1);
pixt1 = pixClone(pixt2);
pixDestroy(&pixt2);
if (dispsep > 0) {
pixDisplay(pixt1, x, y);
x += dispsep;
}
break;
case 'e':
case 'E':
sscanf(&op[1], "%d.%d", &w, &h);
pixt2 = pixErodeBrick(NULL, pixt1, w, h);
pixDestroy(&pixt1);
pixt1 = pixClone(pixt2);
pixDestroy(&pixt2);
if (dispsep > 0) {
pixDisplay(pixt1, x, y);
x += dispsep;
}
break;
case 'o':
case 'O':
sscanf(&op[1], "%d.%d", &w, &h);
pixOpenBrick(pixt1, pixt1, w, h);
if (dispsep > 0) {
pixDisplay(pixt1, x, y);
x += dispsep;
}
break;
case 'c':
case 'C':
sscanf(&op[1], "%d.%d", &w, &h);
pixCloseSafeBrick(pixt1, pixt1, w, h);
if (dispsep > 0) {
pixDisplay(pixt1, x, y);
x += dispsep;
}
break;
case 'r':
case 'R':
nred = strlen(op) - 1;
for (j = 0; j < nred; j++)
level[j] = op[j + 1] - '0';
for (j = nred; j < 4; j++)
level[j] = 0;
pixt2 = pixReduceRankBinaryCascade(pixt1, level[0], level[1],
level[2], level[3]);
pixDestroy(&pixt1);
pixt1 = pixClone(pixt2);
pixDestroy(&pixt2);
if (dispsep > 0) {
pixDisplay(pixt1, x, y);
x += dispsep;
}
break;
case 'x':
case 'X':
sscanf(&op[1], "%d", &fact);
pixt2 = pixExpandReplicate(pixt1, fact);
pixDestroy(&pixt1);
pixt1 = pixClone(pixt2);
pixDestroy(&pixt2);
if (dispsep > 0) {
pixDisplay(pixt1, x, y);
x += dispsep;
}
break;
case 'b':
case 'B':
sscanf(&op[1], "%d", &border);
pixt2 = pixAddBorder(pixt1, border, 0);
pixDestroy(&pixt1);
pixt1 = pixClone(pixt2);
pixDestroy(&pixt2);
if (dispsep > 0) {
pixDisplay(pixt1, x, y);
x += dispsep;
}
break;
default:
/* All invalid ops are caught in the first pass */
break;
}
FREE(op);
}
if (border > 0) {
pixt2 = pixRemoveBorder(pixt1, border);
pixDestroy(&pixt1);
pixt1 = pixClone(pixt2);
pixDestroy(&pixt2);
}
sarrayDestroy(&sa);
return pixt1;
}
/*!
* pixaGenerateFont()
*
* Input: dir (directory holding image of character set)
* size (4, 6, 8, ... , 20, in pts at 300 ppi)
* &bl1 (<return> baseline of row 1)
* &bl2 (<return> baseline of row 2)
* &bl3 (<return> baseline of row 3)
* Return: pixa of font bitmaps for 95 characters, or null on error
*
* These font generation functions use 9 sets, each with bitmaps
* of 94 ascii characters, all in Palatino-Roman font.
* Each input bitmap has 3 rows of characters. The range of
* ascii values in each row is as follows:
* row 0: 32-57 (32 is a space)
* row 1: 58-91 (92, '\', is not represented in this font)
* row 2: 93-126
* We LR flip the '/' char to generate a bitmap for the missing
* '\' character, so that we have representations of all 95
* printable chars.
*
* Computation of the bitmaps and baselines for a single
* font takes from 40 to 200 msec on a 2 GHz processor,
* depending on the size. Use pixaGetFont() to read the
* generated character set directly from files that were
* produced in prog/genfonts.c using this function.
*/
PIXA *
pixaGenerateFont(const char *dir,
l_int32 size,
l_int32 *pbl0,
l_int32 *pbl1,
l_int32 *pbl2)
{
char *pathname;
l_int32 fileno;
l_int32 i, j, nrows, nrowchars, nchars, h, yval;
l_int32 width, height;
l_int32 baseline[3];
l_int32 *tab;
BOX *box, *box1, *box2;
BOXA *boxar, *boxac, *boxacs;
PIX *pixs, *pixt1, *pixt2, *pixt3;
PIX *pixr, *pixrc, *pixc;
PIXA *pixa;
PROCNAME("pixaGenerateFont");
if (!pbl0 || !pbl1 || !pbl2)
return (PIXA *)ERROR_PTR("&bl not all defined", procName, NULL);
*pbl0 = *pbl1 = *pbl2 = 0;
fileno = (size / 2) - 2;
if (fileno < 0 || fileno > NFONTS)
return (PIXA *)ERROR_PTR("font size invalid", procName, NULL);
tab = makePixelSumTab8();
pathname = genPathname(dir, inputfonts[fileno]);
if ((pixs = pixRead(pathname)) == NULL)
return (PIXA *)ERROR_PTR("pixs not all defined", procName, NULL);
FREE(pathname);
pixa = pixaCreate(95);
pixt1 = pixMorphSequence(pixs, "c1.35 + c101.1", 0);
boxar = pixConnComp(pixt1, NULL, 8); /* one box for each row */
pixDestroy(&pixt1);
nrows = boxaGetCount(boxar);
#if DEBUG_FONT_GEN
fprintf(stderr, "For font %s, number of rows is %d\n",
inputfonts[fileno], nrows);
#endif /* DEBUG_FONT_GEN */
if (nrows != 3) {
L_INFO_INT2("nrows = %d; skipping font %d", procName, nrows, fileno);
return (PIXA *)ERROR_PTR("3 rows not generated", procName, NULL);
}
for (i = 0; i < nrows; i++) {
box = boxaGetBox(boxar, i, L_CLONE);
pixr = pixClipRectangle(pixs, box, NULL); /* row of chars */
pixGetTextBaseline(pixr, tab, &yval);
baseline[i] = yval;
#if DEBUG_BASELINE
{ PIX *pixbl;
fprintf(stderr, "row %d, yval = %d, h = %d\n",
i, yval, pixGetHeight(pixr));
pixbl = pixCopy(NULL, pixr);
pixRenderLine(pixbl, 0, yval, pixGetWidth(pixbl), yval, 1,
L_FLIP_PIXELS);
if (i == 0 )
pixWrite("junktl0", pixbl, IFF_PNG);
else if (i == 1)
pixWrite("junktl1", pixbl, IFF_PNG);
else
pixWrite("junktl2", pixbl, IFF_PNG);
pixDestroy(&pixbl);
}
#endif /* DEBUG_BASELINE */
boxDestroy(&box);
pixrc = pixCloseSafeBrick(NULL, pixr, 1, 35);
boxac = pixConnComp(pixrc, NULL, 8);
boxacs = boxaSort(boxac, L_SORT_BY_X, L_SORT_INCREASING, NULL);
if (i == 0) { /* consolidate the two components of '"' */
box1 = boxaGetBox(boxacs, 1, L_CLONE);
box2 = boxaGetBox(boxacs, 2, L_CLONE);
box1->w = box2->x + box2->w - box1->x; /* increase width */
boxDestroy(&box1);
boxDestroy(&box2);
boxaRemoveBox(boxacs, 2);
}
h = pixGetHeight(pixr);
nrowchars = boxaGetCount(boxacs);
for (j = 0; j < nrowchars; j++) {
box = boxaGetBox(boxacs, j, L_COPY);
if (box->w <= 2 && box->h == 1) { /* skip 1x1, 2x1 components */
boxDestroy(&box);
continue;
}
box->y = 0;
box->h = h - 1;
pixc = pixClipRectangle(pixr, box, NULL);
boxDestroy(&box);
if (i == 0 && j == 0) /* add a pix for the space; change later */
pixaAddPix(pixa, pixc, L_COPY);
if (i == 2 && j == 0) /* add a pix for the '\'; change later */
pixaAddPix(pixa, pixc, L_COPY);
pixaAddPix(pixa, pixc, L_INSERT);
}
pixDestroy(&pixr);
pixDestroy(&pixrc);
boxaDestroy(&boxac);
boxaDestroy(&boxacs);
}
nchars = pixaGetCount(pixa);
if (nchars != 95)
return (PIXA *)ERROR_PTR("95 chars not generated", procName, NULL);
*pbl0 = baseline[0];
*pbl1 = baseline[1];
*pbl2 = baseline[2];
/* Fix the space character up; it should have no ON pixels,
* and be about twice as wide as the '!' character. */
pixt2 = pixaGetPix(pixa, 0, L_CLONE);
width = 2 * pixGetWidth(pixt2);
height = pixGetHeight(pixt2);
pixDestroy(&pixt2);
pixt2 = pixCreate(width, height, 1);
pixaReplacePix(pixa, 0, pixt2, NULL);
/* Fix up the '\' character; use a LR flip of the '/' char */
pixt2 = pixaGetPix(pixa, 15, L_CLONE);
pixt3 = pixFlipLR(NULL, pixt2);
pixDestroy(&pixt2);
pixaReplacePix(pixa, 60, pixt3, NULL);
#if DEBUG_CHARS
{ PIX *pixd;
pixd = pixaDisplayTiled(pixa, 1500, 0, 10);
pixDisplay(pixd, 100 * i, 200);
pixDestroy(&pixd);
}
#endif /* DEBUG_CHARS */
pixDestroy(&pixs);
boxaDestroy(&boxar);
FREE(tab);
return pixa;
}