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USPi is a bare metal USB driver for the Raspberry Pi written in C. It was ported from the Circle USB library. Using C allows it to be used from bare metal C code for the Raspberry Pi. Like the Circle USB library it supports control (synchronous), bulk and interrupt (synchronous and asynchronous) transfers. Function drivers are available for USB keyboards, mice, gamepads, mass storage devices (e.g. USB flash devices) and the on-board Ethernet controller. USPi should run on all existing Raspberry Pi models.
USPi comes with an environment library (int the env/ subdirectory) which provides all required functions to get USPi running. Furthermore there are some sample programs (in the sample/ subdirectory) which demonstrate the use of USPi and which rely on the environment library. If you provide your own application and environment both are not needed.
Please note that this USB library was developed in a hobby project. There are known issues with it (e.g. no dynamic attachments, no error recovery, limited split support). For me it works well but that need not be the case with any device and in any situation. Also the focus for development was function not performance.
USPi was "mechanically" ported from the Circle USB library which is written in C++. That's why the source code may look a little bit strange. But it was faster to do so.
- include: USPi header files
- lib: USPi source code
- sample: Some sample programs
- env: The environment used by the sample programs (not needed by the USPi library itself)
- doc: Additional documentation files
The USPi library provides functions to be used by the bare metal environment to access USB devices. There are seven groups of functions which are declared in include/uspi.h:
- USPi initialization
- Keyboard
- Mouse
- GamePad/Joystick
- USB Mass storage device
- Ethernet controller
- USB device information
The bare metal environment has to provide some functions to the USPi library which are declared in include/uspios.h. There are the six groups of functions:
- Memory allocation
- Timer
- Interrupt handling
- Property tags
- Logging
- Debug support
Before you build the USPi library you have to configure it to meet your system configuration in the file include/uspios.h (top section).
Another option (NDEBUG) can be defined in Rules.mk to build the release version. In the test phase it is better to use the debug version which contains many additional checks.
Building is normally done on PC Linux. If building for the Raspberry Pi 1 you need a toolchain for the ARM1176JZF core. For Raspberry Pi 2/3 you need a toolchain with Cortex-A7/-A53 support. This one should work for all of these. You can also build USPi on the Raspberry Pi itself on Raspbian.
First edit the file Rules.mk and set the Raspberry Pi version (RASPPI, 1, 2 or 3) and the PREFIX of your toolchain commands. Alternatively you can create a Config.mk file (which is ignored by git) and set the Raspberry Pi version and the PREFIX variable to the prefix of your compiler like this (don't forget the dash at the end):
RASPPI = 1
PREFIX = arm-none-eabi-
Then go to the lib/ directory of USPi and do:
make clean
make
The ready build libuspi.a file should be in the lib/ directory.
Add the USPi include/ directory to the include path in your Makefile and specify the libuspi.a library to ld. Include the file uspi.h where you want to access USPi functions.
The sample programs in the sample/ subdirectory and all required libraries can be build from USPi root by:
./makeall clean
./makeall
The ready build kernel.img image file is in the same directory where its source code is. Copy it on a SD(HC) card along with the firmware files bootcode.bin, fixup.dat and start.elf which can be get here. Put the SD(HC) card into your Raspberry Pi and start it.