ifaddrs.c

/*
Copyright (c) 2013, Kenneth MacKay
All rights reserved.

Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without modification,
are permitted provided that the following conditions are met:
 * Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright notice, this
   list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
 * Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright notice,
   this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the documentation
   and/or other materials provided with the distribution.

THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS "AS IS" AND
ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED
WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE
DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT HOLDER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR
ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES
(INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES;
LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON
ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
(INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS
SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
*/

#include "ifaddrs.h"

#include <string.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <errno.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <sys/socket.h>
#include <net/if_arp.h>
#include <netinet/in.h>
#include <linux/netlink.h>
#include <linux/rtnetlink.h>

typedef struct NetlinkList
{
    struct NetlinkList *m_next;
    struct nlmsghdr *m_data;
    unsigned int m_size;
} NetlinkList;

static int netlink_socket(void)
{
    int l_socket = socket(PF_NETLINK, SOCK_RAW, NETLINK_ROUTE);
    if(l_socket < 0)
    {
        return -1;
    }
    
    struct sockaddr_nl l_addr;
    memset(&l_addr, 0, sizeof(l_addr));
    l_addr.nl_family = AF_NETLINK;
    if(bind(l_socket, (struct sockaddr *)&l_addr, sizeof(l_addr)) < 0)
    {
        close(l_socket);
        return -1;
    }
    
    return l_socket;
}

static int netlink_send(int p_socket, int p_request)
{
    char l_buffer[NLMSG_ALIGN(sizeof(struct nlmsghdr)) + NLMSG_ALIGN(sizeof(struct rtgenmsg))];
    memset(l_buffer, 0, sizeof(l_buffer));
    struct nlmsghdr *l_hdr = (struct nlmsghdr *)l_buffer;
    struct rtgenmsg *l_msg = (struct rtgenmsg *)NLMSG_DATA(l_hdr);
    
    l_hdr->nlmsg_len = NLMSG_LENGTH(sizeof(*l_msg));
    l_hdr->nlmsg_type = p_request;
    l_hdr->nlmsg_flags = NLM_F_ROOT | NLM_F_MATCH | NLM_F_REQUEST;
    l_hdr->nlmsg_pid = 0;
    l_hdr->nlmsg_seq = p_socket;
    l_msg->rtgen_family = AF_UNSPEC;
    
    struct sockaddr_nl l_addr;
    memset(&l_addr, 0, sizeof(l_addr));
    l_addr.nl_family = AF_NETLINK;
    return (sendto(p_socket, l_hdr, l_hdr->nlmsg_len, 0, (struct sockaddr *)&l_addr, sizeof(l_addr)));
}

static int netlink_recv(int p_socket, void *p_buffer, size_t p_len)
{
    struct msghdr l_msg;
    struct iovec l_iov = { p_buffer, p_len };
    struct sockaddr_nl l_addr;
    int l_result;

    for(;;)
    {
        l_msg.msg_name = (void *)&l_addr;
        l_msg.msg_namelen = sizeof(l_addr);
        l_msg.msg_iov = &l_iov;
        l_msg.msg_iovlen = 1;
        l_msg.msg_control = NULL;
        l_msg.msg_controllen = 0;
        l_msg.msg_flags = 0;
        int l_result = recvmsg(p_socket, &l_msg, 0);
        
        if(l_result < 0)
        {
            if(errno == EINTR)
            {
                continue;
            }
            return -2;
        }
        
        if(l_msg.msg_flags & MSG_TRUNC)
        { // buffer was too small
            return -1;
        }
        return l_result;
    }
}

static struct nlmsghdr *getNetlinkResponse(int p_socket, int *p_size, int *p_done)
{
    size_t l_size = 4096;
    void *l_buffer = NULL;
    
    for(;;)
    {
        free(l_buffer);
        l_buffer = malloc(l_size);
        if (l_buffer == NULL)
        {
            return NULL;
        }
        
        int l_read = netlink_recv(p_socket, l_buffer, l_size);
        *p_size = l_read;
        if(l_read == -2)
        {
            free(l_buffer);
            return NULL;
        }
        if(l_read >= 0)
        {
            pid_t l_pid = getpid();
            struct nlmsghdr *l_hdr;
            for(l_hdr = (struct nlmsghdr *)l_buffer; NLMSG_OK(l_hdr, (unsigned int)l_read); l_hdr = (struct nlmsghdr *)NLMSG_NEXT(l_hdr, l_read))
            {
                if((pid_t)l_hdr->nlmsg_pid != l_pid || (int)l_hdr->nlmsg_seq != p_socket)
                {
                    continue;
                }
                
                if(l_hdr->nlmsg_type == NLMSG_DONE)
                {
                    *p_done = 1;
                    break;
                }
                
                if(l_hdr->nlmsg_type == NLMSG_ERROR)
                {
                    free(l_buffer);
                    return NULL;
                }
            }
            return l_buffer;
        }
        
        l_size *= 2;
    }
}

static NetlinkList *newListItem(struct nlmsghdr *p_data, unsigned int p_size)
{
    NetlinkList *l_item = malloc(sizeof(NetlinkList));
    if (l_item == NULL)
    {
        return NULL;
    }

    l_item->m_next = NULL;
    l_item->m_data = p_data;
    l_item->m_size = p_size;
    return l_item;
}

static void freeResultList(NetlinkList *p_list)
{
    NetlinkList *l_cur;
    while(p_list)
    {
        l_cur = p_list;
        p_list = p_list->m_next;
        free(l_cur->m_data);
        free(l_cur);
    }
}

static NetlinkList *getResultList(int p_socket, int p_request)
{
    if(netlink_send(p_socket, p_request) < 0)
    {
        return NULL;
    }

    NetlinkList *l_list = NULL;
    NetlinkList *l_end = NULL;
    int l_size;
    int l_done = 0;
    while(!l_done)
    {
        struct nlmsghdr *l_hdr = getNetlinkResponse(p_socket, &l_size, &l_done);
        if(!l_hdr)
        { // error
            freeResultList(l_list);
            return NULL;
        }
        
        NetlinkList *l_item = newListItem(l_hdr, l_size);
        if (!l_item)
        {
            freeResultList(l_list);
            return NULL;
        }
        if(!l_list)
        {
            l_list = l_item;
        }
        else
        {
            l_end->m_next = l_item;
        }
        l_end = l_item;
    }
    return l_list;
}

static size_t maxSize(size_t a, size_t b)
{
    return (a > b ? a : b);
}

static size_t calcAddrLen(sa_family_t p_family, int p_dataSize)
{
    switch(p_family)
    {
        case AF_INET:
            return sizeof(struct sockaddr_in);
        case AF_INET6:
            return sizeof(struct sockaddr_in6);
        case AF_PACKET:
            return maxSize(sizeof(struct sockaddr_ll), offsetof(struct sockaddr_ll, sll_addr) + p_dataSize);
        default:
            return maxSize(sizeof(struct sockaddr), offsetof(struct sockaddr, sa_data) + p_dataSize);
    }
}

static void makeSockaddr(sa_family_t p_family, struct sockaddr *p_dest, void *p_data, size_t p_size)
{
    switch(p_family)
    {
        case AF_INET:
            memcpy(&((struct sockaddr_in*)p_dest)->sin_addr, p_data, p_size);
            break;
        case AF_INET6:
            memcpy(&((struct sockaddr_in6*)p_dest)->sin6_addr, p_data, p_size);
            break;
        case AF_PACKET:
            memcpy(((struct sockaddr_ll*)p_dest)->sll_addr, p_data, p_size);
            ((struct sockaddr_ll*)p_dest)->sll_halen = p_size;
            break;
        default:
            memcpy(p_dest->sa_data, p_data, p_size);
            break;
    }
    p_dest->sa_family = p_family;
}

static void addToEnd(struct ifaddrs **p_resultList, struct ifaddrs *p_entry)
{
    if(!*p_resultList)
    {
        *p_resultList = p_entry;
    }
    else
    {
        struct ifaddrs *l_cur = *p_resultList;
        while(l_cur->ifa_next)
        {
            l_cur = l_cur->ifa_next;
        }
        l_cur->ifa_next = p_entry;
    }
}

static int interpretLink(struct nlmsghdr *p_hdr, struct ifaddrs **p_links, struct ifaddrs **p_resultList)
{
    struct ifinfomsg *l_info = (struct ifinfomsg *)NLMSG_DATA(p_hdr);

    size_t l_nameSize = 0;
    size_t l_addrSize = 0;
    size_t l_dataSize = 0;
    
    size_t l_rtaSize = NLMSG_PAYLOAD(p_hdr, sizeof(struct ifinfomsg));
    struct rtattr *l_rta;
    for(l_rta = (struct rtattr *)(((char *)l_info) + NLMSG_ALIGN(sizeof(struct ifinfomsg))); RTA_OK(l_rta, l_rtaSize); l_rta = RTA_NEXT(l_rta, l_rtaSize))
    {
        void *l_rtaData = RTA_DATA(l_rta);
        size_t l_rtaDataSize = RTA_PAYLOAD(l_rta);
        switch(l_rta->rta_type)
        {
            case IFLA_ADDRESS:
            case IFLA_BROADCAST:
                l_addrSize += NLMSG_ALIGN(calcAddrLen(AF_PACKET, l_rtaDataSize));
                break;
            case IFLA_IFNAME:
                l_nameSize += NLMSG_ALIGN(l_rtaSize + 1);
                break;
            case IFLA_STATS:
                l_dataSize += NLMSG_ALIGN(l_rtaSize);
                break;
            default:
                break;
        }
    }
    
    struct ifaddrs *l_entry = malloc(sizeof(struct ifaddrs) + l_nameSize + l_addrSize + l_dataSize);
    if (l_entry == NULL)
    {
        return -1;
    }
    memset(l_entry, 0, sizeof(struct ifaddrs));
    l_entry->ifa_name = "";
    
    char *l_name = ((char *)l_entry) + sizeof(struct ifaddrs);
    char *l_addr = l_name + l_nameSize;
    char *l_data = l_addr + l_addrSize;
    
    l_entry->ifa_flags = l_info->ifi_flags;
    
    l_rtaSize = NLMSG_PAYLOAD(p_hdr, sizeof(struct ifinfomsg));
    for(l_rta = (struct rtattr *)(((char *)l_info) + NLMSG_ALIGN(sizeof(struct ifinfomsg))); RTA_OK(l_rta, l_rtaSize); l_rta = RTA_NEXT(l_rta, l_rtaSize))
    {
        void *l_rtaData = RTA_DATA(l_rta);
        size_t l_rtaDataSize = RTA_PAYLOAD(l_rta);
        switch(l_rta->rta_type)
        {
            case IFLA_ADDRESS:
            case IFLA_BROADCAST:
            {
                size_t l_addrLen = calcAddrLen(AF_PACKET, l_rtaDataSize);
                makeSockaddr(AF_PACKET, (struct sockaddr *)l_addr, l_rtaData, l_rtaDataSize);
                ((struct sockaddr_ll *)l_addr)->sll_ifindex = l_info->ifi_index;
                ((struct sockaddr_ll *)l_addr)->sll_hatype = l_info->ifi_type;
                if(l_rta->rta_type == IFLA_ADDRESS)
                {
                    l_entry->ifa_addr = (struct sockaddr *)l_addr;
                }
                else
                {
                    l_entry->ifa_broadaddr = (struct sockaddr *)l_addr;
                }
                l_addr += NLMSG_ALIGN(l_addrLen);
                break;
            }
            case IFLA_IFNAME:
                strncpy(l_name, l_rtaData, l_rtaDataSize);
                l_name[l_rtaDataSize] = '\0';
                l_entry->ifa_name = l_name;
                break;
            case IFLA_STATS:
                memcpy(l_data, l_rtaData, l_rtaDataSize);
                l_entry->ifa_data = l_data;
                break;
            default:
                break;
        }
    }
    
    addToEnd(p_resultList, l_entry);
    p_links[l_info->ifi_index - 1] = l_entry;
    return 0;
}

static int interpretAddr(struct nlmsghdr *p_hdr, struct ifaddrs **p_links, struct ifaddrs **p_resultList)
{
    struct ifaddrmsg *l_info = (struct ifaddrmsg *)NLMSG_DATA(p_hdr);

    size_t l_nameSize = 0;
    size_t l_addrSize = 0;
    
    int l_addedNetmask = 0;
    
    size_t l_rtaSize = NLMSG_PAYLOAD(p_hdr, sizeof(struct ifaddrmsg));
    struct rtattr *l_rta;
    for(l_rta = (struct rtattr *)(((char *)l_info) + NLMSG_ALIGN(sizeof(struct ifaddrmsg))); RTA_OK(l_rta, l_rtaSize); l_rta = RTA_NEXT(l_rta, l_rtaSize))
    {
        void *l_rtaData = RTA_DATA(l_rta);
        size_t l_rtaDataSize = RTA_PAYLOAD(l_rta);
        if(l_info->ifa_family == AF_PACKET)
        {
            continue;
        }
        
        switch(l_rta->rta_type)
        {
            case IFA_ADDRESS:
            case IFA_LOCAL:
                if((l_info->ifa_family == AF_INET || l_info->ifa_family == AF_INET6) && !l_addedNetmask)
                { // make room for netmask
                    l_addrSize += NLMSG_ALIGN(calcAddrLen(l_info->ifa_family, l_rtaDataSize));
                    l_addedNetmask = 1;
                }
            case IFA_BROADCAST:
                l_addrSize += NLMSG_ALIGN(calcAddrLen(l_info->ifa_family, l_rtaDataSize));
                break;
            case IFA_LABEL:
                l_nameSize += NLMSG_ALIGN(l_rtaSize + 1);
                break;
            default:
                break;
        }
    }
    
    struct ifaddrs *l_entry = malloc(sizeof(struct ifaddrs) + l_nameSize + l_addrSize);
    if (l_entry == NULL)
    {
        return -1;
    }
    memset(l_entry, 0, sizeof(struct ifaddrs));
    l_entry->ifa_name = p_links[l_info->ifa_index - 1]->ifa_name;
    
    char *l_name = ((char *)l_entry) + sizeof(struct ifaddrs);
    char *l_addr = l_name + l_nameSize;
    
    l_entry->ifa_flags = l_info->ifa_flags | p_links[l_info->ifa_index - 1]->ifa_flags;
    
    l_rtaSize = NLMSG_PAYLOAD(p_hdr, sizeof(struct ifaddrmsg));
    for(l_rta = (struct rtattr *)(((char *)l_info) + NLMSG_ALIGN(sizeof(struct ifaddrmsg))); RTA_OK(l_rta, l_rtaSize); l_rta = RTA_NEXT(l_rta, l_rtaSize))
    {
        void *l_rtaData = RTA_DATA(l_rta);
        size_t l_rtaDataSize = RTA_PAYLOAD(l_rta);
        switch(l_rta->rta_type)
        {
            case IFA_ADDRESS:
            case IFA_BROADCAST:
            case IFA_LOCAL:
            {
                size_t l_addrLen = calcAddrLen(l_info->ifa_family, l_rtaDataSize);
                makeSockaddr(l_info->ifa_family, (struct sockaddr *)l_addr, l_rtaData, l_rtaDataSize);
                if(l_info->ifa_family == AF_INET6)
                {
                    if(IN6_IS_ADDR_LINKLOCAL((struct in6_addr *)l_rtaData) || IN6_IS_ADDR_MC_LINKLOCAL((struct in6_addr *)l_rtaData))
                    {
                        ((struct sockaddr_in6 *)l_addr)->sin6_scope_id = l_info->ifa_index;
                    }
                }
                
                if(l_rta->rta_type == IFA_ADDRESS)
                { // apparently in a point-to-point network IFA_ADDRESS contains the dest address and IFA_LOCAL contains the local address
                    if(l_entry->ifa_addr)
                    {
                        l_entry->ifa_dstaddr = (struct sockaddr *)l_addr;
                    }
                    else
                    {
                        l_entry->ifa_addr = (struct sockaddr *)l_addr;
                    }
                }
                else if(l_rta->rta_type == IFA_LOCAL)
                {
                    if(l_entry->ifa_addr)
                    {
                        l_entry->ifa_dstaddr = l_entry->ifa_addr;
                    }
                    l_entry->ifa_addr = (struct sockaddr *)l_addr;
                }
                else
                {
                    l_entry->ifa_broadaddr = (struct sockaddr *)l_addr;
                }
                l_addr += NLMSG_ALIGN(l_addrLen);
                break;
            }
            case IFA_LABEL:
                strncpy(l_name, l_rtaData, l_rtaDataSize);
                l_name[l_rtaDataSize] = '\0';
                l_entry->ifa_name = l_name;
                break;
            default:
                break;
        }
    }
    
    if(l_entry->ifa_addr && (l_entry->ifa_addr->sa_family == AF_INET || l_entry->ifa_addr->sa_family == AF_INET6))
    {
        unsigned l_maxPrefix = (l_entry->ifa_addr->sa_family == AF_INET ? 32 : 128);
        unsigned l_prefix = (l_info->ifa_prefixlen > l_maxPrefix ? l_maxPrefix : l_info->ifa_prefixlen);
        char l_mask[16] = {0};
        unsigned i;
        for(i=0; i<(l_prefix/8); ++i)
        {
            l_mask[i] = 0xff;
        }
        if(l_prefix % 8)
        {
            l_mask[i] = 0xff << (8 - (l_prefix % 8));
        }
        
        makeSockaddr(l_entry->ifa_addr->sa_family, (struct sockaddr *)l_addr, l_mask, l_maxPrefix / 8);
        l_entry->ifa_netmask = (struct sockaddr *)l_addr;
    }
    
    addToEnd(p_resultList, l_entry);
    return 0;
}

static int interpret(int p_socket, NetlinkList *p_netlinkList, struct ifaddrs **p_links, struct ifaddrs **p_resultList)
{
    pid_t l_pid = getpid();
    for(; p_netlinkList; p_netlinkList = p_netlinkList->m_next)
    {
        unsigned int l_nlsize = p_netlinkList->m_size;
        struct nlmsghdr *l_hdr;
        for(l_hdr = p_netlinkList->m_data; NLMSG_OK(l_hdr, l_nlsize); l_hdr = NLMSG_NEXT(l_hdr, l_nlsize))
        {
            if((pid_t)l_hdr->nlmsg_pid != l_pid || (int)l_hdr->nlmsg_seq != p_socket)
            {
                continue;
            }
            
            if(l_hdr->nlmsg_type == NLMSG_DONE)
            {
                break;
            }
            
            if(l_hdr->nlmsg_type == RTM_NEWLINK)
            {
                if (interpretLink(l_hdr, p_links, p_resultList) == -1)
                {
                    return -1;
                }
            }
            else if(l_hdr->nlmsg_type == RTM_NEWADDR)
            {
                if (interpretAddr(l_hdr, p_links, p_resultList) == -1)
                {
                    return -1;
                }
            }
        }
    }
    return 0;
}

static unsigned countLinks(int p_socket, NetlinkList *p_netlinkList)
{
    unsigned l_links = 0;
    pid_t l_pid = getpid();
    for(; p_netlinkList; p_netlinkList = p_netlinkList->m_next)
    {
        unsigned int l_nlsize = p_netlinkList->m_size;
        struct nlmsghdr *l_hdr;
        for(l_hdr = p_netlinkList->m_data; NLMSG_OK(l_hdr, l_nlsize); l_hdr = NLMSG_NEXT(l_hdr, l_nlsize))
        {
            if((pid_t)l_hdr->nlmsg_pid != l_pid || (int)l_hdr->nlmsg_seq != p_socket)
            {
                continue;
            }
            
            if(l_hdr->nlmsg_type == NLMSG_DONE)
            {
                break;
            }
            
            if(l_hdr->nlmsg_type == RTM_NEWLINK)
            {
                ++l_links;
            }
        }
    }
    
    return l_links;
}

int getifaddrs(struct ifaddrs **ifap)
{
    if(!ifap)
    {
        return -1;
    }
    *ifap = NULL;
    
    int l_socket = netlink_socket();
    if(l_socket < 0)
    {
        return -1;
    }
    
    NetlinkList *l_linkResults = getResultList(l_socket, RTM_GETLINK);
    if(!l_linkResults)
    {
        close(l_socket);
        return -1;
    }
    
    NetlinkList *l_addrResults = getResultList(l_socket, RTM_GETADDR);
    if(!l_addrResults)
    {
        close(l_socket);
        freeResultList(l_linkResults);
        return -1;
    }
    
    unsigned l_numLinks = countLinks(l_socket, l_linkResults) + countLinks(l_socket, l_addrResults);
    struct ifaddrs *l_links[l_numLinks];
    memset(l_links, 0, l_numLinks * sizeof(struct ifaddrs *));
    
    if (interpret(l_socket, l_linkResults, l_links, ifap) == -1)
    {
        return -1;
    }
    if (interpret(l_socket, l_addrResults, l_links, ifap) == -1)
    {
        return -1;
    }

    freeResultList(l_linkResults);
    freeResultList(l_addrResults);
    close(l_socket);
    return 0;
}

void freeifaddrs(struct ifaddrs *ifa)
{
    struct ifaddrs *l_cur;
    while(ifa)
    {
        l_cur = ifa;
        ifa = ifa->ifa_next;
        free(l_cur);
    }
}