openssl.c

/*
 * OpenConnect (SSL + DTLS) VPN client
 *
 * Copyright © 2008-2012 Intel Corporation.
 *
 * Author: David Woodhouse <dwmw2@infradead.org>
 *
 * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
 * modify it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public License
 * version 2.1, as published by the Free Software Foundation.
 *
 * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but
 * WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
 * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU
 * Lesser General Public License for more details.
 *
 * You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public
 * License along with this library; if not, write to:
 *
 *   Free Software Foundation, Inc.
 *   51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor,
 *   Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA
 */

#include <errno.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <netinet/in.h>
#include <arpa/inet.h>
#include <ctype.h>

#include <openssl/ssl.h>
#include <openssl/err.h>
#include <openssl/engine.h>
#include <openssl/evp.h>
#include <openssl/rand.h>
#include <openssl/pkcs12.h>
#include <openssl/x509v3.h>
#include <openssl/x509.h>
#include <openssl/bio.h>

#include "openconnect-internal.h"

int openconnect_sha1(unsigned char *result, void *data, int len)
{
	EVP_MD_CTX c;

	EVP_MD_CTX_init(&c);
	EVP_Digest(data, len, result, NULL, EVP_sha1(), NULL);
	EVP_MD_CTX_cleanup(&c);

	return 0;
}

int openconnect_get_cert_DER(struct openconnect_info *vpninfo,
			     OPENCONNECT_X509 *cert, unsigned char **buf)
{
	BIO *bp = BIO_new(BIO_s_mem());
	BUF_MEM *certinfo;
	size_t l;

	if (!i2d_X509_bio(bp, cert)) {
		BIO_free(bp);
		return -EIO;
	}

	BIO_get_mem_ptr(bp, &certinfo);
	l = certinfo->length;
	*buf = malloc(l);
	if (!*buf) {
		BIO_free(bp);
		return -ENOMEM;
	}
	memcpy(*buf, certinfo->data, l);
	BIO_free(bp);
	return l;
}

int openconnect_random(void *bytes, int len)
{
	if (RAND_bytes(bytes, len) != 1)
		return -EIO;
	return 0;
}

/* Helper functions for reading/writing lines over SSL.
   We could use cURL for the HTTP stuff, but it's overkill */

int openconnect_SSL_write(struct openconnect_info *vpninfo, char *buf, size_t len)
{
	size_t orig_len = len;

	while (len) {
		int done = SSL_write(vpninfo->https_ssl, buf, len);

		if (done > 0)
			len -= done;
		else {
			int err = SSL_get_error(vpninfo->https_ssl, done);
			fd_set wr_set, rd_set;
			int maxfd = vpninfo->ssl_fd;

			FD_ZERO(&wr_set);
			FD_ZERO(&rd_set);

			if (err == SSL_ERROR_WANT_READ)
				FD_SET(vpninfo->ssl_fd, &rd_set);
			else if (err == SSL_ERROR_WANT_WRITE)
				FD_SET(vpninfo->ssl_fd, &wr_set);
			else {
				vpn_progress(vpninfo, PRG_ERR, _("Failed to write to SSL socket\n"));
				openconnect_report_ssl_errors(vpninfo);
				return -EIO;
			}
			cmd_fd_set(vpninfo, &rd_set, &maxfd);
			select(maxfd + 1, &rd_set, &wr_set, NULL, NULL);
			if (is_cancel_pending(vpninfo, &rd_set)) {
				vpn_progress(vpninfo, PRG_ERR, _("SSL write cancelled\n"));
				return -EINTR;
			}
		}
	}
	return orig_len;
}

int openconnect_SSL_read(struct openconnect_info *vpninfo, char *buf, size_t len)
{
	int done;

	while ((done = SSL_read(vpninfo->https_ssl, buf, len)) == -1) {
		int err = SSL_get_error(vpninfo->https_ssl, done);
		fd_set wr_set, rd_set;
		int maxfd = vpninfo->ssl_fd;

		FD_ZERO(&wr_set);
		FD_ZERO(&rd_set);

		if (err == SSL_ERROR_WANT_READ)
			FD_SET(vpninfo->ssl_fd, &rd_set);
		else if (err == SSL_ERROR_WANT_WRITE)
			FD_SET(vpninfo->ssl_fd, &wr_set);
		else {
			vpn_progress(vpninfo, PRG_ERR, _("Failed to read from SSL socket\n"));
			openconnect_report_ssl_errors(vpninfo);
			return -EIO;
		}
		cmd_fd_set(vpninfo, &rd_set, &maxfd);
		select(maxfd + 1, &rd_set, &wr_set, NULL, NULL);
		if (is_cancel_pending(vpninfo, &rd_set)) {
			vpn_progress(vpninfo, PRG_ERR, _("SSL read cancelled\n"));
			return -EINTR;
		}
	}
	return done;
}

int openconnect_SSL_gets(struct openconnect_info *vpninfo, char *buf, size_t len)
{
	int i = 0;
	int ret;

	if (len < 2)
		return -EINVAL;

	while (1) {
		ret = SSL_read(vpninfo->https_ssl, buf + i, 1);
		if (ret == 1) {
			if (buf[i] == '\n') {
				buf[i] = 0;
				if (i && buf[i-1] == '\r') {
					buf[i-1] = 0;
					i--;
				}
				return i;
			}
			i++;

			if (i >= len - 1) {
				buf[i] = 0;
				return i;
			}
		} else {
			fd_set rd_set, wr_set;
			int maxfd = vpninfo->ssl_fd;

			FD_ZERO(&rd_set);
			FD_ZERO(&wr_set);

			ret = SSL_get_error(vpninfo->https_ssl, ret);
			if (ret == SSL_ERROR_WANT_READ)
				FD_SET(vpninfo->ssl_fd, &rd_set);
			else if (ret == SSL_ERROR_WANT_WRITE)
				FD_SET(vpninfo->ssl_fd, &wr_set);
			else {
				vpn_progress(vpninfo, PRG_ERR, _("Failed to read from SSL socket\n"));
				openconnect_report_ssl_errors(vpninfo);
				ret = -EIO;
				break;
			}
			cmd_fd_set(vpninfo, &rd_set, &maxfd);
			select(maxfd + 1, &rd_set, &wr_set, NULL, NULL);
			if (is_cancel_pending(vpninfo, &rd_set)) {
				vpn_progress(vpninfo, PRG_ERR, _("SSL read cancelled\n"));
				ret = -EINTR;
				break;
			}
		}
	}
	buf[i] = 0;
	return i ?: ret;
}


/* UI handling. All this just to handle the PIN callback from the TPM ENGINE,
   and turn it into a call to our ->process_auth_form function */

struct ui_data {
	struct openconnect_info *vpninfo;
	struct oc_form_opt **last_opt;
	struct oc_auth_form form;
};

struct ui_form_opt {
	struct oc_form_opt opt;
	UI_STRING *uis;
};

 /* Ick. But there is no way to pass this sanely through OpenSSL */
static struct openconnect_info *ui_vpninfo;

static int ui_open(UI *ui)
{
	struct openconnect_info *vpninfo = ui_vpninfo; /* Ick */
	struct ui_data *ui_data;

	if (!vpninfo || !vpninfo->process_auth_form)
		return 0;

	ui_data = malloc(sizeof(*ui_data));
	if (!ui_data)
		return 0;

	memset(ui_data, 0, sizeof(*ui_data));
	ui_data->last_opt = &ui_data->form.opts;
	ui_data->vpninfo = vpninfo;
	ui_data->form.auth_id = (char *)"openssl_ui";
	UI_add_user_data(ui, ui_data);

	return 1;
}

static int ui_write(UI *ui, UI_STRING *uis)
{
	struct ui_data *ui_data = UI_get0_user_data(ui);
	struct ui_form_opt *opt;

	switch (UI_get_string_type(uis)) {
	case UIT_ERROR:
		ui_data->form.error = (char *)UI_get0_output_string(uis);
		break;
	case UIT_INFO:
		ui_data->form.message = (char *)UI_get0_output_string(uis);
		break;
	case UIT_PROMPT:
		opt = malloc(sizeof(*opt));
		if (!opt)
			return 1;
		memset(opt, 0, sizeof(*opt));
		opt->uis = uis;
		opt->opt.label = opt->opt.name = (char *)UI_get0_output_string(uis);
		if (UI_get_input_flags(uis) & UI_INPUT_FLAG_ECHO)
			opt->opt.type = OC_FORM_OPT_TEXT;
		else
			opt->opt.type = OC_FORM_OPT_PASSWORD;
		*(ui_data->last_opt) = &opt->opt;
		ui_data->last_opt = &opt->opt.next;
		break;

	default:
		fprintf(stderr, "Unhandled SSL UI request type %d\n",
			UI_get_string_type(uis));
		return 0;
	}
	return 1;
}

static int ui_flush(UI *ui)
{
	struct ui_data *ui_data = UI_get0_user_data(ui);
	struct openconnect_info *vpninfo = ui_data->vpninfo;
	struct ui_form_opt *opt;
	int ret;

	ret = process_auth_form(vpninfo, &ui_data->form);
	if (ret)
		return 0;

	for (opt = (struct ui_form_opt *)ui_data->form.opts; opt;
	     opt = (struct ui_form_opt *)opt->opt.next) {
		if (opt->opt.value && opt->uis)
			UI_set_result(ui, opt->uis, opt->opt.value);
	}
	return 1;
}

static int ui_close(UI *ui)
{
	struct ui_data *ui_data = UI_get0_user_data(ui);
	struct ui_form_opt *opt, *next_opt;

	opt = (struct ui_form_opt *)ui_data->form.opts;
	while (opt) {
		next_opt = (struct ui_form_opt *)opt->opt.next;
		if (opt->opt.value)
			free(opt->opt.value);
		free(opt);
		opt = next_opt;
	}
	free(ui_data);
	UI_add_user_data(ui, NULL);

	return 1;
}

static UI_METHOD *create_openssl_ui(struct openconnect_info *vpninfo)
{
	UI_METHOD *ui_method = UI_create_method((char *)"AnyConnect VPN UI");

	/* There is a race condition here because of the use of the
	   static ui_vpninfo pointer. This sucks, but it's OpenSSL's
	   fault and in practice it's *never* going to hurt us.

	   This UI is only used for loading certificates from a TPM; for
	   PKCS#12 and PEM files we hook the passphrase request differently.
	   The ui_vpninfo variable is set here, and is used from ui_open()
	   when the TPM ENGINE decides it needs to ask the user for a PIN.

	   The race condition exists because theoretically, there
	   could be more than one thread using libopenconnect and
	   trying to authenticate to a VPN server, within the *same*
	   process. And if *both* are using certificates from the TPM,
	   and *both* manage to be within that short window of time
	   between setting ui_vpninfo and invoking ui_open() to fetch
	   the PIN, then one connection's ->process_auth_form() could
	   get a PIN request for the *other* connection.

	   However, the only thing that ever does run libopenconnect more
	   than once from the same process is KDE's NetworkManager support,
	   and NetworkManager doesn't *support* having more than one VPN
	   connected anyway, so first that would have to be fixed and then
	   you'd have to connect to two VPNs simultaneously by clicking
	   'connect' on both at *exactly* the same time and then getting
	   *really* unlucky.

	   Oh, and the KDE support won't be using OpenSSL anyway because of
	   licensing conflicts... so although this sucks, I'm not going to
	   lose sleep over it.
	*/
	ui_vpninfo = vpninfo;

	/* Set up a UI method of our own for password/passphrase requests */
	UI_method_set_opener(ui_method, ui_open);
	UI_method_set_writer(ui_method, ui_write);
	UI_method_set_flusher(ui_method, ui_flush);
	UI_method_set_closer(ui_method, ui_close);

	return ui_method;
}

static int pem_pw_cb(char *buf, int len, int w, void *v)
{
	struct openconnect_info *vpninfo = v;
	char *pass = NULL;
	int plen;

	if (vpninfo->cert_password) {
		pass = vpninfo->cert_password;
		vpninfo->cert_password = NULL;
	} else if (request_passphrase(vpninfo, "openconnect_pem",
				      &pass, _("Enter PEM pass phrase:")))
		return -1;

	plen = strlen(pass);

	if (len <= plen) {
		vpn_progress(vpninfo, PRG_ERR,
			     _("PEM password too long (%d >= %d)\n"),
			     plen, len);
		free(pass);
		return -1;
	}

	memcpy(buf, pass, plen+1);
	free(pass);
	return plen;
}

static int load_pkcs12_certificate(struct openconnect_info *vpninfo, PKCS12 *p12)
{
	EVP_PKEY *pkey = NULL;
	X509 *cert = NULL;
	STACK_OF(X509) *ca;
	int ret = 0;
	char *pass;

	pass = vpninfo->cert_password;
	vpninfo->cert_password = NULL;
 retrypass:
	/* We do this every time round the loop, to work around a bug in
	   OpenSSL < 1.0.0-beta2 -- where the stack at *ca will be freed
	   when PKCS12_parse() returns an error, but *ca is left pointing
	   to the freed memory. */
	ca = NULL;
	if (!pass && request_passphrase(vpninfo, "openconnect_pkcs12", &pass,
					_("Enter PKCS#12 pass phrase:")) < 0) {
		PKCS12_free(p12);
		return -EINVAL;
	}
	if (!PKCS12_parse(p12, pass, &pkey, &cert, &ca)) {
		unsigned long err = ERR_peek_error();

		openconnect_report_ssl_errors(vpninfo);

		if (ERR_GET_LIB(err) == ERR_LIB_PKCS12 &&
		    ERR_GET_FUNC(err) == PKCS12_F_PKCS12_PARSE &&
		    ERR_GET_REASON(err) == PKCS12_R_MAC_VERIFY_FAILURE) {
			vpn_progress(vpninfo, PRG_ERR,
				     _("Parse PKCS#12 failed (wrong passphrase?)\n"));
			free(pass);
			pass = NULL;
			goto retrypass;
		}

		vpn_progress(vpninfo, PRG_ERR,
			     _("Parse PKCS#12 failed (see above errors)\n"));
		PKCS12_free(p12);
		free(pass);
		return -EINVAL;
	}
	free(pass);
	if (cert) {
		char buf[200];
		vpninfo->cert_x509 = cert;
		SSL_CTX_use_certificate(vpninfo->https_ctx, cert);
		X509_NAME_oneline(X509_get_subject_name(cert), buf, sizeof(buf));
		vpn_progress(vpninfo, PRG_INFO,
			     _("Using client certificate '%s'\n"), buf);
	} else {
		vpn_progress(vpninfo, PRG_ERR,
			     _("PKCS#12 contained no certificate!"));
		ret = -EINVAL;
	}

	if (pkey) {
		SSL_CTX_use_PrivateKey(vpninfo->https_ctx, pkey);
		EVP_PKEY_free(pkey);
	} else {
		vpn_progress(vpninfo, PRG_ERR,
			     _("PKCS#12 contained no private key!"));
		ret = -EINVAL;
	}

	/* Only include supporting certificates which are actually necessary */
	if (ca) {
		int i;
	next:
		for (i = 0; i < sk_X509_num(ca); i++) {
			X509 *cert2 = sk_X509_value(ca, i);
			if (X509_check_issued(cert2, cert) == X509_V_OK) {
				char buf[200];

				if (cert2 == cert)
					break;
				if (X509_check_issued(cert2, cert2) == X509_V_OK)
					break;

				X509_NAME_oneline(X509_get_subject_name(cert2),
						  buf, sizeof(buf));
				vpn_progress(vpninfo, PRG_DEBUG,
					     _("Extra cert from PKCS#12: '%s'\n"), buf);
				CRYPTO_add(&cert2->references, 1, CRYPTO_LOCK_X509);
				SSL_CTX_add_extra_chain_cert(vpninfo->https_ctx, cert2);
				cert = cert2;
				goto next;
			}
		}
		sk_X509_pop_free(ca, X509_free);
	}

	PKCS12_free(p12);
	return ret;
}

#ifdef HAVE_ENGINE
static int load_tpm_certificate(struct openconnect_info *vpninfo)
{
	ENGINE *e;
	EVP_PKEY *key;
	UI_METHOD *meth = NULL;
	int ret = 0;

	ENGINE_load_builtin_engines();

	e = ENGINE_by_id("tpm");
	if (!e) {
		vpn_progress(vpninfo, PRG_ERR, _("Can't load TPM engine.\n"));
		openconnect_report_ssl_errors(vpninfo);
		return -EINVAL;
	}
	if (!ENGINE_init(e) || !ENGINE_set_default_RSA(e) ||
	    !ENGINE_set_default_RAND(e)) {
		vpn_progress(vpninfo, PRG_ERR, _("Failed to init TPM engine\n"));
		openconnect_report_ssl_errors(vpninfo);
		ENGINE_free(e);
		return -EINVAL;
	}

	if (vpninfo->cert_password) {
		if (!ENGINE_ctrl_cmd(e, "PIN", strlen(vpninfo->cert_password),
				     vpninfo->cert_password, NULL, 0)) {
			vpn_progress(vpninfo, PRG_ERR,
				     _("Failed to set TPM SRK password\n"));
			openconnect_report_ssl_errors(vpninfo);
		}
		vpninfo->cert_password = NULL;
		free(vpninfo->cert_password);
	} else {
		/* Provide our own UI method to handle the PIN callback. */
		meth = create_openssl_ui(vpninfo);
	}
	key = ENGINE_load_private_key(e, vpninfo->sslkey, meth, NULL);
	if (meth)
		UI_destroy_method(meth);
	if (!key) {
		vpn_progress(vpninfo, PRG_ERR,
			     _("Failed to load TPM private key\n"));
		openconnect_report_ssl_errors(vpninfo);
		ret = -EINVAL;
		goto out;
	}
	if (!SSL_CTX_use_PrivateKey(vpninfo->https_ctx, key)) {
		vpn_progress(vpninfo, PRG_ERR, _("Add key from TPM failed\n"));
		openconnect_report_ssl_errors(vpninfo);
		ret = -EINVAL;
	}
	EVP_PKEY_free(key);
 out:
	ENGINE_finish(e);
	ENGINE_free(e);
	return ret;
}
#else
static int load_tpm_certificate(struct openconnect_info *vpninfo)
{
	vpn_progress(vpninfo, PRG_ERR,
		     _("This version of OpenConnect was built without TPM support\n"));
	return -EINVAL;
}
#endif

static int reload_pem_cert(struct openconnect_info *vpninfo)
{
	BIO *b = BIO_new(BIO_s_file_internal());
	char buf[200];

	if (!b)
		return -ENOMEM;

	if (BIO_read_filename(b, vpninfo->cert) <= 0) {
	err:
		BIO_free(b);
		vpn_progress(vpninfo, PRG_ERR,
			     _("Failed to reload X509 cert for expiry check\n"));
		openconnect_report_ssl_errors(vpninfo);
		return -EIO;
	}
	vpninfo->cert_x509 = PEM_read_bio_X509_AUX(b, NULL, NULL, NULL);
	BIO_free(b);
	if (!vpninfo->cert_x509)
		goto err;

	X509_NAME_oneline(X509_get_subject_name(vpninfo->cert_x509), buf, sizeof(buf));
	vpn_progress(vpninfo, PRG_INFO,
			     _("Using client certificate '%s'\n"), buf);

	return 0;
}

#ifdef ANDROID_KEYSTORE
static BIO *BIO_from_keystore(struct openconnect_info *vpninfo, const char *item)
{
	unsigned char *content;
	BIO *b;
	int len;
	const char *p = item + 9;

	/* Skip first two slashes if the user has given it as
	   keystore://foo ... */
	if (*p == '/')
		p++;
	if (*p == '/')
		p++;

	len = keystore_fetch(p, &content);
	if (len < 0) {
		vpn_progress(vpninfo, PRG_ERR,
			     _("Failed to load item '%s' from keystore: %s\n"),
			     p, keystore_strerror(len));
		return NULL;
	}
	if (!(b = BIO_new(BIO_s_mem())) || BIO_write(b, content, len) != len) {
		vpn_progress(vpninfo, PRG_ERR,
			     _("Failed to create BIO for keystore item '%s'\n"),
			       p);
		free(content);
		BIO_free(b);
		return NULL;
	}
	free(content);
	return b;
}
#endif

static int is_pem_password_error(struct openconnect_info *vpninfo)
{
	unsigned long err = ERR_peek_error();

	openconnect_report_ssl_errors(vpninfo);

#ifndef EVP_F_EVP_DECRYPTFINAL_EX
#define EVP_F_EVP_DECRYPTFINAL_EX EVP_F_EVP_DECRYPTFINAL
#endif
	/* If the user fat-fingered the passphrase, try again */
	if (ERR_GET_LIB(err) == ERR_LIB_EVP &&
	    ERR_GET_FUNC(err) == EVP_F_EVP_DECRYPTFINAL_EX &&
	    ERR_GET_REASON(err) == EVP_R_BAD_DECRYPT) {
		vpn_progress(vpninfo, PRG_ERR,
			     _("Loading private key failed (wrong passphrase?)\n"));
		ERR_clear_error();
		return 1;
	}

	vpn_progress(vpninfo, PRG_ERR,
		     _("Loading private key failed (see above errors)\n"));
	return 0;
}

static int load_certificate(struct openconnect_info *vpninfo)
{
	if (!strncmp(vpninfo->sslkey, "pkcs11:", 7) ||
	    !strncmp(vpninfo->cert, "pkcs11:", 7)) {
		vpn_progress(vpninfo, PRG_ERR,
			     _("This binary built without PKCS#11 support\n"));
		return -EINVAL;
	}

	vpn_progress(vpninfo, PRG_TRACE,
		     _("Using certificate file %s\n"), vpninfo->cert);

	if (strncmp(vpninfo->cert, "keystore:", 9) &&
	    (vpninfo->cert_type == CERT_TYPE_PKCS12 ||
	     vpninfo->cert_type == CERT_TYPE_UNKNOWN)) {
		FILE *f;
		PKCS12 *p12;

		f = fopen(vpninfo->cert, "r");
		if (!f) {
			vpn_progress(vpninfo, PRG_ERR,
				     _("Failed to open certificate file %s: %s\n"),
				     vpninfo->cert, strerror(errno));
			return -ENOENT;
		}
		p12 = d2i_PKCS12_fp(f, NULL);
		fclose(f);
		if (p12)
			return load_pkcs12_certificate(vpninfo, p12);

		/* Not PKCS#12 */
		if (vpninfo->cert_type == CERT_TYPE_PKCS12) {
			vpn_progress(vpninfo, PRG_ERR, _("Read PKCS#12 failed\n"));
			openconnect_report_ssl_errors(vpninfo);
			return -EINVAL;
		}
		/* Clear error and fall through to see if it's a PEM file... */
		ERR_clear_error();
	}

	/* It's PEM or TPM now, and either way we need to load the plain cert: */
#ifdef ANDROID_KEYSTORE
	if (!strncmp(vpninfo->cert, "keystore:", 9)) {
		BIO *b = BIO_from_keystore(vpninfo, vpninfo->cert);
		if (!b)
			return -EINVAL;
		vpninfo->cert_x509 = PEM_read_bio_X509_AUX(b, NULL, pem_pw_cb, vpninfo);
		BIO_free(b);
		if (!vpninfo->cert_x509) {
			vpn_progress(vpninfo, PRG_ERR,
				     _("Failed to load X509 certificate from keystore\n"));
			openconnect_report_ssl_errors(vpninfo);
			return -EINVAL;
		}
		if (!SSL_CTX_use_certificate(vpninfo->https_ctx, vpninfo->cert_x509)) {
			vpn_progress(vpninfo, PRG_ERR,
				     _("Failed to use X509 certificate from keystore\n"));
			openconnect_report_ssl_errors(vpninfo);
			X509_free(vpninfo->cert_x509);
			vpninfo->cert_x509 = NULL;
			return -EINVAL;
		}
	} else
#endif /* ANDROID_KEYSTORE */
	{
		if (!SSL_CTX_use_certificate_chain_file(vpninfo->https_ctx,
							vpninfo->cert)) {
			vpn_progress(vpninfo, PRG_ERR,
				     _("Loading certificate failed\n"));
			openconnect_report_ssl_errors(vpninfo);
			return -EINVAL;
		}

		/* Ew, we can't get it back from the OpenSSL CTX in any sane fashion */
		reload_pem_cert(vpninfo);
	}

#ifdef ANDROID_KEYSTORE
	if (!strncmp(vpninfo->sslkey, "keystore:", 9)) {
		EVP_PKEY *key;
		BIO *b;

	again_android:
		b = BIO_from_keystore(vpninfo, vpninfo->sslkey);
		if (!b)
			return -EINVAL;
		key = PEM_read_bio_PrivateKey(b, NULL, pem_pw_cb, vpninfo);
		BIO_free(b);
		if (!key) {
			if (is_pem_password_error(vpninfo))
				goto again_android;
			return -EINVAL;
		}
		if (!SSL_CTX_use_PrivateKey(vpninfo->https_ctx, key)) {
			vpn_progress(vpninfo, PRG_ERR,
				     _("Failed to use private key from keystore\n"));
			EVP_PKEY_free(key);
			X509_free(vpninfo->cert_x509);
			vpninfo->cert_x509 = NULL;
			return -EINVAL;
		}
		return 0;
	}
#endif /* ANDROID_KEYSTORE */

	if (vpninfo->cert_type == CERT_TYPE_UNKNOWN) {
		FILE *f = fopen(vpninfo->sslkey, "r");
		char buf[256];

		if (!f) {
			vpn_progress(vpninfo, PRG_ERR,
				     _("Failed to open private key file %s: %s\n"),
				     vpninfo->cert, strerror(errno));
			return -ENOENT;
		}

		buf[255] = 0;
		while (fgets(buf, 255, f)) {
			if (!strcmp(buf, "-----BEGIN TSS KEY BLOB-----\n")) {
				vpninfo->cert_type = CERT_TYPE_TPM;
				break;
			} else if (!strcmp(buf, "-----BEGIN RSA PRIVATE KEY-----\n") ||
				   !strcmp(buf, "-----BEGIN DSA PRIVATE KEY-----\n") ||
				   !strcmp(buf, "-----BEGIN ENCRYPTED PRIVATE KEY-----\n")) {
				vpninfo->cert_type = CERT_TYPE_PEM;
				break;
			}
		}
		fclose(f);
		if (vpninfo->cert_type == CERT_TYPE_UNKNOWN) {
			vpn_progress(vpninfo, PRG_ERR,
				     _("Failed to identify private key type in '%s'\n"),
				     vpninfo->sslkey);
			return -EINVAL;
		}
	}

	if (vpninfo->cert_type == CERT_TYPE_TPM)
		return load_tpm_certificate(vpninfo);

	/* Standard PEM certificate */
	SSL_CTX_set_default_passwd_cb(vpninfo->https_ctx, pem_pw_cb);
	SSL_CTX_set_default_passwd_cb_userdata(vpninfo->https_ctx, vpninfo);
 again:
	if (!SSL_CTX_use_RSAPrivateKey_file(vpninfo->https_ctx, vpninfo->sslkey,
					    SSL_FILETYPE_PEM)) {
		if (is_pem_password_error(vpninfo))
			goto again;
		return -EINVAL;
	}
	return 0;
}

static int get_cert_fingerprint(struct openconnect_info *vpninfo,
				OPENCONNECT_X509 *cert, const EVP_MD *type,
				char *buf)
{
	unsigned char md[EVP_MAX_MD_SIZE];
	unsigned int i, n;

	if (!X509_digest(cert, type, md, &n))
		return -ENOMEM;

	for (i = 0; i < n; i++)
		sprintf(&buf[i*2], "%02X", md[i]);

	return 0;
}

int get_cert_md5_fingerprint(struct openconnect_info *vpninfo,
			     OPENCONNECT_X509 *cert, char *buf)
{
	return get_cert_fingerprint(vpninfo, cert, EVP_md5(), buf);
}

int openconnect_get_cert_sha1(struct openconnect_info *vpninfo,
			      OPENCONNECT_X509 *cert, char *buf)
{
	return get_cert_fingerprint(vpninfo, cert, EVP_sha1(), buf);
}

static int check_server_cert(struct openconnect_info *vpninfo, X509 *cert)
{
	char fingerprint[EVP_MAX_MD_SIZE * 2 + 1];
	int ret;

	ret = openconnect_get_cert_sha1(vpninfo, cert, fingerprint);
	if (ret)
		return ret;

	if (strcasecmp(vpninfo->servercert, fingerprint)) {
		vpn_progress(vpninfo, PRG_ERR,
			     _("Server SSL certificate didn't match: %s\n"), fingerprint);
		return -EINVAL;
	}
	return 0;
}

static int match_hostname_elem(const char *hostname, int helem_len,
			       const char *match, int melem_len)
{
	if (!helem_len && !melem_len)
		return 0;

	if (!helem_len || !melem_len)
		return -1;


	if (match[0] == '*') {
		int i;

		for (i = 1 ; i <= helem_len; i++) {
			if (!match_hostname_elem(hostname + i, helem_len - i,
						 match + 1, melem_len - 1))
				return 0;
		}
		return -1;
	}

	/* From the NetBSD (5.1) man page for ctype(3):
	   Values of type char or signed char must first be cast to unsigned char,
	   to ensure that the values are within the correct range.  The result
	   should then be cast to int to avoid warnings from some compilers.
	   We do indeed get warning "array subscript has type 'char'" without
	   the casts. Ick. */
	if (toupper((int)(unsigned char)hostname[0]) ==
	    toupper((int)(unsigned char)match[0]))
		return match_hostname_elem(hostname + 1, helem_len - 1,
					   match + 1, melem_len - 1);

	return -1;
}

static int match_hostname(const char *hostname, const char *match)
{
	while (*match) {
		const char *h_dot, *m_dot;
		int helem_len, melem_len;

		h_dot = strchr(hostname, '.');
		m_dot = strchr(match, '.');

		if (h_dot && m_dot) {
			helem_len = h_dot - hostname + 1;
			melem_len = m_dot - match + 1;
		} else if (!h_dot && !m_dot) {
			helem_len = strlen(hostname);
			melem_len = strlen(match);
		} else
			return -1;


		if (match_hostname_elem(hostname, helem_len,
					match, melem_len))
			return -1;

		hostname += helem_len;
		match += melem_len;
	}
	if (*hostname)
		return -1;

	return 0;
}

/* cf. RFC2818 and RFC2459 */
static int match_cert_hostname(struct openconnect_info *vpninfo, X509 *peer_cert)
{
	STACK_OF(GENERAL_NAME) *altnames;
	X509_NAME *subjname;
	ASN1_STRING *subjasn1;
	char *subjstr = NULL;
	int addrlen = 0;
	int i, altdns = 0;
	char addrbuf[sizeof(struct in6_addr)];
	int ret;

	/* Allow GEN_IP in the certificate only if we actually connected
	   by IP address rather than by name. */
	if (inet_pton(AF_INET, vpninfo->hostname, addrbuf) > 0)
		addrlen = 4;
	else if (inet_pton(AF_INET6, vpninfo->hostname, addrbuf) > 0)
		addrlen = 16;
	else if (vpninfo->hostname[0] == '[' &&
		 vpninfo->hostname[strlen(vpninfo->hostname)-1] == ']') {
		char *p = &vpninfo->hostname[strlen(vpninfo->hostname)-1];
		*p = 0;
		if (inet_pton(AF_INET6, vpninfo->hostname + 1, addrbuf) > 0)
			addrlen = 16;
		*p = ']';
	}

	altnames = X509_get_ext_d2i(peer_cert, NID_subject_alt_name,
				    NULL, NULL);
	for (i = 0; i < sk_GENERAL_NAME_num(altnames); i++) {
		const GENERAL_NAME *this = sk_GENERAL_NAME_value(altnames, i);

		if (this->type == GEN_DNS) {
			char *str;

			int len = ASN1_STRING_to_UTF8((void *)&str, this->d.ia5);
			if (len < 0)
				continue;

			altdns = 1;

			/* We don't like names with embedded NUL */
			if (strlen(str) != len)
				continue;

			if (!match_hostname(vpninfo->hostname, str)) {
				vpn_progress(vpninfo, PRG_TRACE,
					     _("Matched DNS altname '%s'\n"),
					     str);
				GENERAL_NAMES_free(altnames);
				OPENSSL_free(str);
				return 0;
			} else {
				vpn_progress(vpninfo, PRG_TRACE,
					     _("No match for altname '%s'\n"),
					     str);
			}
			OPENSSL_free(str);
		} else if (this->type == GEN_IPADD && addrlen) {
			char host[80];
			int family;

			if (this->d.ip->length == 4) {
				family = AF_INET;
			} else if (this->d.ip->length == 16) {
				family = AF_INET6;
			} else {
				vpn_progress(vpninfo, PRG_ERR,
					     _("Certificate has GEN_IPADD altname with bogus length %d\n"),
					     this->d.ip->length);
				continue;
			}

			/* We only do this for the debug messages */
			inet_ntop(family, this->d.ip->data, host, sizeof(host));

			if (this->d.ip->length == addrlen &&
			    !memcmp(addrbuf, this->d.ip->data, addrlen)) {
				vpn_progress(vpninfo, PRG_TRACE,
					     _("Matched %s address '%s'\n"),
					     (family == AF_INET6) ? "IPv6" : "IPv4",
					     host);
				GENERAL_NAMES_free(altnames);
				return 0;
			} else {
				vpn_progress(vpninfo, PRG_TRACE,
					     _("No match for %s address '%s'\n"),
					     (family == AF_INET6) ? "IPv6" : "IPv4",
					     host);
			}
		} else if (this->type == GEN_URI) {
			char *str;
			char *url_proto, *url_host, *url_path, *url_host2;
			int url_port;
			int len = ASN1_STRING_to_UTF8((void *)&str, this->d.ia5);

			if (len < 0)
				continue;

			/* We don't like names with embedded NUL */
			if (strlen(str) != len)
				continue;

			if (internal_parse_url(str, &url_proto, &url_host, &url_port, &url_path, 0)) {
				OPENSSL_free(str);
				continue;
			}

			if (!url_proto || strcasecmp(url_proto, "https"))
				goto no_uri_match;

			if (url_port != vpninfo->port)
				goto no_uri_match;

			/* Leave url_host as it was so that it can be freed */
			url_host2 = url_host;
			if (addrlen == 16 && vpninfo->hostname[0] != '[' &&
			    url_host[0] == '[' && url_host[strlen(url_host)-1] == ']') {
				/* Cope with https://[IPv6]/ when the hostname is bare IPv6 */
				url_host[strlen(url_host)-1] = 0;
				url_host2++;
			}

			if (strcasecmp(vpninfo->hostname, url_host2))
				goto no_uri_match;

			if (url_path) {
				vpn_progress(vpninfo, PRG_TRACE,
					     _("URI '%s' has non-empty path; ignoring\n"),
					     str);
				goto no_uri_match_silent;
			}
			vpn_progress(vpninfo, PRG_TRACE,
				     _("Matched URI '%s'\n"),
				     str);
			free(url_proto);
			free(url_host);
			free(url_path);
			OPENSSL_free(str);
			GENERAL_NAMES_free(altnames);
			return 0;

		no_uri_match:
			vpn_progress(vpninfo, PRG_TRACE,
				     _("No match for URI '%s'\n"),
				     str);
		no_uri_match_silent:
			free(url_proto);
			free(url_host);
			free(url_path);
			OPENSSL_free(str);
		}
	}
	GENERAL_NAMES_free(altnames);

	/* According to RFC2818, we don't use the legacy subject name if
	   there was an altname with DNS type. */
	if (altdns) {
		vpn_progress(vpninfo, PRG_ERR,
			     _("No altname in peer cert matched '%s'\n"),
			     vpninfo->hostname);
		return -EINVAL;
	}

	subjname = X509_get_subject_name(peer_cert);
	if (!subjname) {
		vpn_progress(vpninfo, PRG_ERR,
			     _("No subject name in peer cert!\n"));
		return -EINVAL;
	}

	/* Find the _last_ (most specific) commonName */
	i = -1;
	while (1) {
		int j = X509_NAME_get_index_by_NID(subjname, NID_commonName, i);
		if (j >= 0)
			i = j;
		else
			break;
	}

	subjasn1 = X509_NAME_ENTRY_get_data(X509_NAME_get_entry(subjname, i));

	i = ASN1_STRING_to_UTF8((void *)&subjstr, subjasn1);

	if (!subjstr || strlen(subjstr) != i) {
		vpn_progress(vpninfo, PRG_ERR,
			     _("Failed to parse subject name in peer cert\n"));
		return -EINVAL;
	}
	ret = 0;

	if (match_hostname(vpninfo->hostname, subjstr)) {
		vpn_progress(vpninfo, PRG_ERR,
			     _("Peer cert subject mismatch ('%s' != '%s')\n"),
			     subjstr, vpninfo->hostname);
		ret = -EINVAL;
	} else {
		vpn_progress(vpninfo, PRG_TRACE,
			     _("Matched peer certificate subject name '%s'\n"),
			     subjstr);
	}

	OPENSSL_free(subjstr);
	return ret;
}

static int verify_peer(struct openconnect_info *vpninfo, SSL *https_ssl)
{
	X509 *peer_cert;
	int ret;

	peer_cert = SSL_get_peer_certificate(https_ssl);

	if (vpninfo->servercert) {
		/* If given a cert fingerprint on the command line, that's
		   all we look for */
		ret = check_server_cert(vpninfo, peer_cert);
	} else {
		int vfy = SSL_get_verify_result(https_ssl);
		const char *err_string = NULL;

		if (vfy != X509_V_OK)
			err_string = X509_verify_cert_error_string(vfy);
		else if (match_cert_hostname(vpninfo, peer_cert))
			err_string = _("certificate does not match hostname");

		if (err_string) {
			vpn_progress(vpninfo, PRG_INFO,
				     _("Server certificate verify failed: %s\n"),
				     err_string);

			if (vpninfo->validate_peer_cert)
				ret = vpninfo->validate_peer_cert(vpninfo->cbdata,
								  peer_cert,
								  err_string);
			else
				ret = -EINVAL;
		} else {
			ret = 0;
		}
	}
	X509_free(peer_cert);

	return ret;
}

static void workaround_openssl_certchain_bug(struct openconnect_info *vpninfo,
					     SSL *ssl)
{
	/* OpenSSL has problems with certificate chains -- if there are
	   multiple certs with the same name, it doesn't necessarily
	   choose the _right_ one. (RT#1942)
	   Pick the right ones for ourselves and add them manually. */
	X509 *cert = SSL_get_certificate(ssl);
	X509 *cert2;
	X509_STORE *store = SSL_CTX_get_cert_store(vpninfo->https_ctx);
	X509_STORE_CTX ctx;

	if (!cert || !store)
		return;

	/* If we already have 'supporting' certs, don't add them again */
	if (vpninfo->https_ctx->extra_certs)
		return;

	if (!X509_STORE_CTX_init(&ctx, store, NULL, NULL))
		return;

	while (ctx.get_issuer(&cert2, &ctx, cert) == 1) {
		char buf[200];
		if (cert2 == cert)
			break;
		if (X509_check_issued(cert2, cert2) == X509_V_OK)
			break;
		cert = cert2;
		X509_NAME_oneline(X509_get_subject_name(cert),
				  buf, sizeof(buf));
		vpn_progress(vpninfo, PRG_DEBUG,
			     _("Extra cert from cafile: '%s'\n"), buf);
		SSL_CTX_add_extra_chain_cert(vpninfo->https_ctx, cert);
	}
	X509_STORE_CTX_cleanup(&ctx);
}

#if OPENSSL_VERSION_NUMBER >= 0x00908000
static int ssl_app_verify_callback(X509_STORE_CTX *ctx, void *arg)
{
	/* We've seen certificates in the wild which don't have the
	   purpose fields filled in correctly */
	X509_VERIFY_PARAM_set_purpose(ctx->param, X509_PURPOSE_ANY);
	return X509_verify_cert(ctx);
}
#endif

static int check_certificate_expiry(struct openconnect_info *vpninfo)
{
	ASN1_TIME *notAfter;
	const char *reason = NULL;
	time_t t;
	int i;

	if (!vpninfo->cert_x509)
		return 0;

	t = time(NULL);
	notAfter = X509_get_notAfter(vpninfo->cert_x509);
	i = X509_cmp_time(notAfter, &t);
	if (!i) {
		vpn_progress(vpninfo, PRG_ERR,
			     _("Error in client cert notAfter field\n"));
		return -EINVAL;
	} else if (i < 0) {
		reason = _("Client certificate has expired at");
	} else {
		t += vpninfo->cert_expire_warning;
		i = X509_cmp_time(notAfter, &t);
		if (i < 0)
			reason = _("Client certificate expires soon at");
	}
	if (reason) {
		BIO *bp = BIO_new(BIO_s_mem());
		BUF_MEM *bm;
		const char *expiry = _("<error>");
		char zero = 0;

		if (bp) {
			ASN1_TIME_print(bp, notAfter);
			BIO_write(bp, &zero, 1);
			BIO_get_mem_ptr(bp, &bm);
			expiry = bm->data;
		}
		vpn_progress(vpninfo, PRG_ERR, "%s: %s\n", reason, expiry);
		if (bp)
			BIO_free(bp);
	}
	return 0;
}
int openconnect_open_https(struct openconnect_info *vpninfo)
{
	method_const SSL_METHOD *ssl3_method;
	SSL *https_ssl;
	BIO *https_bio;
	int ssl_sock;
	int err;

	if (vpninfo->https_ssl)
		return 0;

	if (vpninfo->peer_cert) {
		X509_free(vpninfo->peer_cert);
		vpninfo->peer_cert = NULL;
	}

	ssl_sock = connect_https_socket(vpninfo);
	if (ssl_sock < 0)
		return ssl_sock;

	ssl3_method = TLSv1_client_method();
	if (!vpninfo->https_ctx) {
		vpninfo->https_ctx = SSL_CTX_new(ssl3_method);

		/* Some servers (or their firewalls) really don't like seeing
		   extensions. */
#ifdef SSL_OP_NO_TICKET
		SSL_CTX_set_options(vpninfo->https_ctx, SSL_OP_NO_TICKET);
#endif

		if (vpninfo->cert) {
			err = load_certificate(vpninfo);
			if (err) {
				vpn_progress(vpninfo, PRG_ERR,
					     _("Loading certificate failed. Aborting.\n"));
				SSL_CTX_free(vpninfo->https_ctx);
				vpninfo->https_ctx = NULL;
				close(ssl_sock);
				return err;
			}
			check_certificate_expiry(vpninfo);
		}

		/* We just want to do:
		   SSL_CTX_set_purpose(vpninfo->https_ctx, X509_PURPOSE_ANY);
		   ... but it doesn't work with OpenSSL < 0.9.8k because of
		   problems with inheritance (fixed in v1.1.4.6 of
		   crypto/x509/x509_vpm.c) so we have to play silly buggers
		   instead. This trick doesn't work _either_ in < 0.9.7 but
		   I don't know of _any_ workaround which will, and can't
		   be bothered to find out either. */
#if OPENSSL_VERSION_NUMBER >= 0x00908000
		SSL_CTX_set_cert_verify_callback(vpninfo->https_ctx,
						 ssl_app_verify_callback, NULL);
#endif
		SSL_CTX_set_default_verify_paths(vpninfo->https_ctx);

#ifdef ANDROID_KEYSTORE
		if (vpninfo->cafile && !strncmp(vpninfo->cafile, "keystore:", 9)) {
			STACK_OF(X509_INFO) *stack;
			X509_STORE *store;
			X509_INFO *info;
			BIO *b = BIO_from_keystore(vpninfo, vpninfo->cafile);

			if (!b) {
				SSL_CTX_free(vpninfo->https_ctx);
				vpninfo->https_ctx = NULL;
				close(ssl_sock);
				return -EINVAL;
			}

			stack = PEM_X509_INFO_read_bio(b, NULL, NULL, NULL);
			BIO_free(b);

			if (!stack) {
				vpn_progress(vpninfo, PRG_ERR,
					     _("Failed to read certs from CA file '%s'\n"),
					     vpninfo->cafile);
				openconnect_report_ssl_errors(vpninfo);
				SSL_CTX_free(vpninfo->https_ctx);
				vpninfo->https_ctx = NULL;
				close(ssl_sock);
				return -ENOENT;
			}

			store = SSL_CTX_get_cert_store(vpninfo->https_ctx);

			while ((info = sk_X509_INFO_pop(stack))) {
				if (info->x509)
					X509_STORE_add_cert(store, info->x509);
				if (info->crl)
					X509_STORE_add_crl(store, info->crl);
				X509_INFO_free(info);
			}
			sk_X509_INFO_free(stack);
		} else
#endif
		if (vpninfo->cafile) {
			if (!SSL_CTX_load_verify_locations(vpninfo->https_ctx, vpninfo->cafile, NULL)) {
				vpn_progress(vpninfo, PRG_ERR,
					     _("Failed to open CA file '%s'\n"),
					     vpninfo->cafile);
				openconnect_report_ssl_errors(vpninfo);
				SSL_CTX_free(vpninfo->https_ctx);
				vpninfo->https_ctx = NULL;
				close(ssl_sock);
				return -EINVAL;
			}
		}

	}
	https_ssl = SSL_new(vpninfo->https_ctx);
	workaround_openssl_certchain_bug(vpninfo, https_ssl);

	https_bio = BIO_new_socket(ssl_sock, BIO_NOCLOSE);
	BIO_set_nbio(https_bio, 1);
	SSL_set_bio(https_ssl, https_bio, https_bio);

	vpn_progress(vpninfo, PRG_INFO, _("SSL negotiation with %s\n"),
		     vpninfo->hostname);

	while ((err = SSL_connect(https_ssl)) <= 0) {
		fd_set wr_set, rd_set;
		int maxfd = ssl_sock;

		FD_ZERO(&wr_set);
		FD_ZERO(&rd_set);

		err = SSL_get_error(https_ssl, err);
		if (err == SSL_ERROR_WANT_READ)
			FD_SET(ssl_sock, &rd_set);
		else if (err == SSL_ERROR_WANT_WRITE)
			FD_SET(ssl_sock, &wr_set);
		else {
			vpn_progress(vpninfo, PRG_ERR, _("SSL connection failure\n"));
			openconnect_report_ssl_errors(vpninfo);
			SSL_free(https_ssl);
			close(ssl_sock);
			return -EINVAL;
		}

		cmd_fd_set(vpninfo, &rd_set, &maxfd);
		select(maxfd + 1, &rd_set, &wr_set, NULL, NULL);
		if (is_cancel_pending(vpninfo, &rd_set)) {
			vpn_progress(vpninfo, PRG_ERR, _("SSL connection cancelled\n"));
			SSL_free(https_ssl);
			close(ssl_sock);
			return -EINVAL;
		}
	}

	if (verify_peer(vpninfo, https_ssl)) {
		SSL_free(https_ssl);
		close(ssl_sock);
		return -EINVAL;
	}

	vpninfo->ssl_fd = ssl_sock;
	vpninfo->https_ssl = https_ssl;

	/* Stash this now, because it might not be available later if the
	   server has disconnected. */
	vpninfo->peer_cert = SSL_get_peer_certificate(vpninfo->https_ssl);

	vpn_progress(vpninfo, PRG_INFO, _("Connected to HTTPS on %s\n"),
		     vpninfo->hostname);

	return 0;
}

void openconnect_close_https(struct openconnect_info *vpninfo, int final)
{
	if (vpninfo->peer_cert) {
		X509_free(vpninfo->peer_cert);
		vpninfo->peer_cert = NULL;
	}
	if (vpninfo->https_ssl) {
		SSL_free(vpninfo->https_ssl);
		vpninfo->https_ssl = NULL;
	}
	if (vpninfo->ssl_fd != -1) {
		close(vpninfo->ssl_fd);
		FD_CLR(vpninfo->ssl_fd, &vpninfo->select_rfds);
		FD_CLR(vpninfo->ssl_fd, &vpninfo->select_wfds);
		FD_CLR(vpninfo->ssl_fd, &vpninfo->select_efds);
		vpninfo->ssl_fd = -1;
	}
	if (final) {
		if (vpninfo->https_ctx) {
			SSL_CTX_free(vpninfo->https_ctx);
			vpninfo->https_ctx = NULL;
		}
		if (vpninfo->cert_x509) {
			X509_free(vpninfo->cert_x509);
			vpninfo->cert_x509 = NULL;
		}
	}
}

void openconnect_init_ssl(void)
{
	SSL_library_init();
	ERR_clear_error();
	SSL_load_error_strings();
	OpenSSL_add_all_algorithms();
}

char *openconnect_get_cert_details(struct openconnect_info *vpninfo,
				   OPENCONNECT_X509 *cert)
{
	BIO *bp = BIO_new(BIO_s_mem());
	BUF_MEM *certinfo;
	char zero = 0;
	char *ret;

	X509_print_ex(bp, cert, 0, 0);
	BIO_write(bp, &zero, 1);
	BIO_get_mem_ptr(bp, &certinfo);

	ret = strdup(certinfo->data);
	BIO_free(bp);
	return ret;
}


int openconnect_local_cert_md5(struct openconnect_info *vpninfo,
			       char *buf)
{
	buf[0] = 0;

	if (!vpninfo->cert_x509)
		return -EIO;

	if (get_cert_md5_fingerprint(vpninfo, vpninfo->cert_x509, buf))
		return -EIO;

	return 0;
}