HRESULT Library_spot_net_native_Microsoft_SPOT_Net_SocketNative::BindConnectHelper( CLR_RT_StackFrame& stack, bool fBind )
{
    NATIVE_PROFILE_CLR_NETWORK();
    TINYCLR_HEADER();

    CLR_RT_HeapBlock* socket = stack.Arg0().Dereference();
    CLR_INT32 handle;
    SOCK_sockaddr addr;
    CLR_UINT32 addrLen = sizeof(addr);
    CLR_INT32 ret;
    bool fThrowOnWouldBlock = false;

    FAULT_ON_NULL(socket);
    handle = socket[ FIELD__m_Handle ].NumericByRef().s4;

    TINYCLR_CHECK_HRESULT(MarshalSockAddress( &addr, addrLen, stack.Arg1() ));

    if(fBind)
    {
        ret = SOCK_bind( handle, &addr, addrLen );
    }
    else
    {
        ret = SOCK_connect( handle, &addr, addrLen );
        
        fThrowOnWouldBlock = (stack.Arg2().NumericByRefConst().s4 != 0);
        
        if(!fThrowOnWouldBlock && SOCK_getlasterror() == SOCK_EWOULDBLOCK)
        {
            TINYCLR_SET_AND_LEAVE(S_OK);            
        }
    }

    TINYCLR_CHECK_HRESULT(ThrowOnError( stack, ret ));

    TINYCLR_NOCLEANUP();
}
INT32 SNTPClient::Connect()
{
    SOCK_SOCKET timeSocket = SOCK_SOCKET_ERROR;
    INT32 sockErr = 0;
    UINT32 usedServer = 0;

    // look up outstdanding queries for this set of servers
    OutstandingQuery* query = FindOutstandingConnection(m_ipAddressPrimary, m_ipAddressAlternate);
    
    if(query != NULL)
    {
        //
        // signal failed queries
        //
        if(query->IsOld()) 
        {
            query->Dispose();
            query = NULL;
        }
        else
        {
            //
            // resume old connection
            //
            
            timeSocket = query->GetSocket();
        }
    }

    if(timeSocket == SOCK_SOCKET_ERROR)
    {
        //
        // new connection
        //
        
        timeSocket = SOCK_socket(SOCK_AF_INET, SOCK_SOCK_DGRAM, SOCK_IPPROTO_UDP);

        if(timeSocket == SOCK_SOCKET_ERROR)
        {
            sockErr = SOCK_getlasterror();
            return (sockErr == 0 ? HAL_TIMESERVICE_ERROR : sockErr);
        }

        SOCK_sockaddr addr;
        SOCK_sockaddr_in* dst = (SOCK_sockaddr_in*)&addr;

        memset(dst, 0, sizeof(SOCK_sockaddr_in));
        
        dst->sin_family           = SOCK_AF_INET;
        dst->sin_port             = SOCK_htons(123);
        dst->sin_addr.S_un.S_addr = SOCK_htonl(m_ipAddressPrimary);

        usedServer = m_ipAddressPrimary;

        if(SOCK_connect(timeSocket, &addr, sizeof(addr)) == SOCK_SOCKET_ERROR && SOCK_getlasterror() != SOCK_EWOULDBLOCK) 
        {
            if(m_ipAddressAlternate != 0) 
            {
                usedServer = m_ipAddressAlternate;
        
                dst->sin_addr.S_un.S_addr = SOCK_htonl(m_ipAddressAlternate);
                if(SOCK_connect(timeSocket, &addr, sizeof(addr)) == SOCK_SOCKET_ERROR && SOCK_getlasterror() != SOCK_EWOULDBLOCK)
                {
                    sockErr = SOCK_getlasterror();
                    SOCK_close(timeSocket);
                    return (sockErr == 0 ? HAL_TIMESERVICE_ERROR : sockErr);
                }
            }
            else 
            {
                sockErr = SOCK_getlasterror();
                SOCK_close(timeSocket);
                return (sockErr == 0 ? HAL_TIMESERVICE_ERROR : sockErr);
            }
        }

        Initialize();

        int sent = SOCK_send(timeSocket, (char*)SNTPData, sizeof(SNTPData), 0);

        if(sent != sizeof(SNTPData))
        {
            sockErr = SOCK_getlasterror();
            SOCK_close(timeSocket);
            return (sockErr == 0 ? HAL_TIMESERVICE_ERROR : sockErr);
        }
    }

    // retry 10 times every time we stop by
    INT32 retry = 10;
    INT32 bytesToRead = c_SNTPDataLength;
    char* buf = (char*)SNTPData;
    while(retry-- > 0)
    {
        int read = SOCK_recv(timeSocket, buf, bytesToRead, 0);

        if(read < 0 && (sockErr = SOCK_getlasterror()) != SOCK_EWOULDBLOCK)
        {
            SOCK_close(timeSocket);

            return (sockErr == 0 ? HAL_TIMESERVICE_ERROR : sockErr);
        }
        else if(read > 0) 
        {
            bytesToRead -= read;
            if(bytesToRead <= 0) 
            {
                break;
            }
            buf += read;

            // incase we start receiving data towards the end 
            // of the retry limit.
            retry++;
        }
    }

    // if we could not finish reading, then cache and retry later
    // if we read a part of answer, then declare failure
    // in the future we could try and cope with this problem
    if(bytesToRead == c_SNTPDataLength)
    {
        //
        // if this is a new connection, get a slot
        //
        if(query == NULL) {
            query = GetQuery(usedServer, timeSocket);
        }

        return HAL_TIMESERVICE_WANT_READ_WRITE;
    }
    else if(bytesToRead > 0 && bytesToRead < c_SNTPDataLength)
    {
        if(query != NULL)
            query->Dispose();
        
        return HAL_TIMESERVICE_WANT_READ_WRITE;
    }
    else 
    {
        if(query != NULL)
        {
            query->Dispose();
            query = NULL;
        }
        else 
        {
            if( timeSocket != SOCK_SOCKET_ERROR )
            {
                SOCK_close(timeSocket);
                timeSocket = SOCK_SOCKET_ERROR;
            }
        }
    }
    
    DestinationTimestamp = Time_GetUtcTime();
     
    if( !IsResponseValid() )
    {
        if(query != NULL)
        {
            query->Dispose();
            query = NULL;
        }
        else 
        {
            if( timeSocket != SOCK_SOCKET_ERROR )
            {
                SOCK_close(timeSocket);
                timeSocket = SOCK_SOCKET_ERROR;
            }
        }

        return HAL_TIMESERVICE_ERROR;
    }

    return HAL_TIMESERVICE_SUCCESS;
}