void WINFD::Arc( /*draw a arc */
float x_radius, /*radii of arc */
float y_radius, /*radii of arc */
float x_center, /*centre of arc */
float y_center, /*centre of arc */
float start, /*ends of arc */
float stop, /*ends of arc */
float rotation, /*rotation of arc */
INT16 close_type /*type of closure */
) {
EIGHTOP *newop; /*message structure */
/*get some space */
newop = (EIGHTOP *) getshm (sizeof (EIGHTOP));
if (newop != NULL) {
newop->header.fd = fd; /*send the fd */
newop->type = ARC; /*send the operator */
/*set parameters */
newop->param.p[0].f = x_radius;
newop->param.p[1].f = y_radius;
newop->param.p[2].f = x_center;
newop->param.p[3].f = y_center;
newop->param.p[4].f = start;
newop->param.p[5].f = stop;
newop->param.p[6].f = rotation;
newop->param.p[7].i = close_type;
}
}
void WINFD::Text2d( /*draw a text */
float x, /*coords of text */
float y,
const char *string, /*text to draw */
INT16 xform, /*transform */
INT16 more /*more text? */
) {
TEXTOP *newop; /*message structure */
INT16 length; /*length of string */
length = strlen (string) + 1; /*include null */
length += 3;
length &= ~3; /*round up to words */
/*get some space */
newop = (TEXTOP *) getshm (sizeof (TEXTOP) + length - 4);
if (newop != NULL) {
newop->header.fd = fd; /*send the fd */
newop->type = TEXT2D; /*send the operator */
newop->param.x = x; /*copy parameters */
newop->param.y = y;
newop->param.string = newop->chars;
newop->param.xform = xform;
newop->param.more = more;
/*copy the string */
strcpy (newop->chars, string);
}
}
int main()
{
int shmid=getshm();
char* buf=(char*)atshm(shmid);
printf("%s\n",buf);
dtshm(buf);
return 0;
}
void WINFD::Clear_view_surface() { /*clear window */
ONEOP *newop; /*message structure */
/*get some space */
newop = (ONEOP *) getshm (sizeof (ONEOP));
if (newop != NULL) {
newop->header.fd = fd; /*send the fd */
newop->type = CLEAR; /*send the operator */
}
}
int main()
{
int mutex=creat_init_semph(0x20,1); //synchronises shared memory between readers(readcount)
int writer=creat_init_semph(0x40,1); //synchronises writer and reader(mutual exclusion between writer and reader)
int readcount=0; //common varible to be stored in shared memory
shmpointer=attach_shmemory(creat_shmemory(shmkey)); //will point to shared memory area
//setshm(0);
while(1)
{
printf("waiting for mutex control\n");
wait(mutex);
printf("mutex under my control\n");
readcount=getshm()+1;
setshm(readcount); //increment readcount by 1
printf("readcount: %d\n",readcount);
if(readcount==1)
{printf("waiting for writer\n");wait(writer);printf("got writer control\n");} //if first reader then wait for writer
printf("writer is %d\n",semctl(writer,0,GETVAL,0));
printf("leaving mutex control..\n");
sleep(10);
signal(mutex);
printf("reader %d is now reading\n",getpid());
sleep(20);
printf("reading over.....");
printf("waiting for mutex again\n");
wait(mutex);
printf("mutex control again\n");
readcount=getshm()-1;
setshm(readcount);
printf("readcount now is%d\n",getshm());
if(readcount==0)
{printf("releasing writer control//////////////\n");signal(writer);}
printf("releasing mutex again\n");
signal(mutex);
printf("mutex released\n");
}
return 0;
}
void WINFD::Line_type( /*set line type */
INT16 style /*style to use */
) {
ONEOP *newop; /*message structure */
/*get some space */
newop = (ONEOP *) getshm (sizeof (ONEOP));
if (newop != NULL) {
newop->header.fd = fd; /*send the fd */
newop->type = LINETYPE; /*send the operator */
newop->param.p.i = style; /*set parameter */
}
}
void WINFD::Character_height( /*set text height */
float height /*height to use */
) {
ONEOP *newop; /*message structure */
/*get some space */
newop = (ONEOP *) getshm (sizeof (ONEOP));
if (newop != NULL) {
newop->header.fd = fd; /*send the fd */
newop->type = CHARHEIGHT; /*send the operator */
newop->param.p.f = height; /*set parameter */
}
}
void WINFD::Synchronize_windows( /*set line colour */
WINDOW fd2 //other window
) {
ONEOP *newop; /*message structure */
/*get some space */
newop = (ONEOP *) getshm (sizeof (ONEOP));
if (newop != NULL) {
newop->header.fd = fd; /*send the fd */
newop->type = SYNCWIN; /*send the operator */
newop->param.p.i = fd2->fd; /*set parameter */
}
}
void WINFD::Fill_color_index( /*set fill colour */
COLOUR index /*index to use */
) {
ONEOP *newop; /*message structure */
/*get some space */
newop = (ONEOP *) getshm (sizeof (ONEOP));
if (newop != NULL) {
newop->header.fd = fd; /*send the fd */
newop->type = FILLCOLOUR; /*send the operator */
newop->param.p.i = index; /*set parameter */
}
}
void WINFD::Text_font_index( /*set text font */
INT16 index /*index to use */
) {
ONEOP *newop; /*message structure */
/*get some space */
newop = (ONEOP *) getshm (sizeof (ONEOP));
if (newop != NULL) {
newop->header.fd = fd; /*send the fd */
newop->type = TEXTFONT; /*send the operator */
newop->param.p.i = index; /*set parameter */
}
}
void WINFD::Marker_type( /*set marker type */
INT16 type /*type to use */
) {
ONEOP *newop; /*message structure */
/*get some space */
newop = (ONEOP *) getshm (sizeof (ONEOP));
if (newop != NULL) {
newop->header.fd = fd; /*send the fd */
newop->type = MARKERTYPE; /*send the operator */
newop->param.p.i = type; /*set parameter */
}
}
void WINFD::Marker_size( /*set marker size */
float size /*size to use */
) {
TWOOP *newop; /*message structure */
/*get some space */
newop = (TWOOP *) getshm (sizeof (TWOOP));
if (newop != NULL) {
newop->header.fd = fd; /*send the fd */
newop->type = MARKERSIZE; /*send the operator */
newop->param.p[0].f = size; /*set parameter */
newop->param.p[1].i = FALSE;
}
}
void WINFD::Interior_style( /*set polygon style */
INT16 style, /*style to use */
INT16 edged /*draw edge or not */
) {
TWOOP *newop; /*message structure */
/*get some space */
newop = (TWOOP *) getshm (sizeof (TWOOP));
if (newop != NULL) {
newop->header.fd = fd; /*send the fd */
newop->type = INTERIORSTYLE; /*send the operator */
newop->param.p[0].i = style; /*set parameter */
newop->param.p[1].i = edged;
}
}
void WINFD::Draw2d( /*draw the pen */
float x, /*coords to draw to */
float y /*coords to draw to */
) {
TWOOP *newop; /*message structure */
/*get some space */
newop = (TWOOP *) getshm (sizeof (TWOOP));
if (newop != NULL) {
newop->header.fd = fd; /*send the fd */
newop->type = DRAW2D; /*send the operator */
newop->param.p[0].f = x; /*set parameters */
newop->param.p[1].f = y;
}
}
void WINFD::Make_picture_current() { /*update window */
ONEOP *newop; /*message structure */
if (this == NULL || fd <= 0) {
overlap_picture_ops(TRUE);
}
else {
/*get some space */
newop = (ONEOP *) getshm (sizeof (ONEOP));
if (newop != NULL) {
newop->header.fd = fd; /*send the fd */
newop->type = MAKECURRENT; /*send the operator */
kick_daemon(FLUSH_IN); /*empty shm */
}
}
}
void WINFD::Re_compute_colourmap() { /*Mark need to recalc */
ONEOP *newop; /*message structure */
/*get some space */
newop = (ONEOP *) getshm (sizeof (ONEOP));
if (newop != NULL) {
newop->header.fd = fd; /*send the fd */
newop->type = RE_COMP_COLMAP;/*send the operator */
}
/*
ONE DAY THE PC VERSION WILL SUPPORT COLOUR - BUT NOT TODAY
Among the things that will need doing is to change the size of..
PCSTUBSPEC stubspecs[SYNCWIN+1];
in pcsbdg.[ch] to RE_COMP_COLMAP+1
*/
}
void WINFD::Fill_color( /*set fill colour */
UINT8 red,
UINT8 green,
UINT8 blue) {
ONEOP *newop; /*message structure */
UINT32 packed_colour;
packed_colour = (blue << 24) + (green << 16) + (red << 8);
/*get some space */
newop = (ONEOP *) getshm (sizeof (ONEOP));
if (newop != NULL) {
newop->header.fd = fd; /*send the fd */
newop->type = FILLCOLOUR; /*send the operator */
/*set parameter */
newop->param.p.i = (INT32) packed_colour;
}
}
void WINFD::Set_echo( /*set window echo */
ECHO_TYPE echo_type, //type of echo
float xorig, /*min values */
float yorig /*min values */
) {
FOUROP *newop; /*message structure */
/*get some space */
newop = (FOUROP *) getshm (sizeof (FOUROP));
if (newop != NULL) {
newop->header.fd = fd; /*send the fd */
newop->type = SETECHO; /*send the operator */
newop->param.p[0].i = echo_type;
newop->param.p[1].f = xorig;
newop->param.p[2].f = yorig;
}
}
void WINFD::Destroy_window() { /*destroy a window */
ONEOP *newop; /*destroy structure */
if (fd < 1 || fd > maxsbfd || sbfds[fd].used == FALSE) {
return;
}
else {
Clear_event_queue();
sbfds[fd].used = FALSE; /*it is not in use */
sbfds[fd].click_handler = NULL;
newop = (ONEOP *) getshm (sizeof (ONEOP));
if (newop != NULL) {
newop->header.fd = fd; /*file descriptor */
newop->type = DESTROY; /*set operator type */
}
}
}
void WINFD::Text_alignment( /*draw a rectangle */
INT32 h_select, //horizontal
INT32 v_select, //vertical
float horiz, /*coords to draw to */
float vert /*coords to draw to */
) {
FOUROP *newop; /*message structure */
/*get some space */
newop = (FOUROP *) getshm (sizeof (FOUROP));
if (newop != NULL) {
newop->header.fd = fd; /*send the fd */
newop->type = TEXT_ALIGNMENT;/*send the operator */
newop->param.p[0].i = h_select;
newop->param.p[1].i = v_select;
newop->param.p[2].f = horiz;
newop->param.p[3].f = vert;
}
}
void WINFD::Rectangle( /*draw a rectangle */
float x1, /*coords to draw to */
float y1, /*coords to draw to */
float x2, /*coords to draw to */
float y2 /*coords to draw to */
) {
FOUROP *newop; /*message structure */
/*get some space */
newop = (FOUROP *) getshm (sizeof (FOUROP));
if (newop != NULL) {
newop->header.fd = fd; /*send the fd */
newop->type = RECTANGLE; /*send the operator */
newop->param.p[0].f = x1; /*set parameters */
newop->param.p[1].f = y1;
newop->param.p[2].f = x2;
newop->param.p[3].f = y2;
}
}
DLLSYM void def_overlap_picture_ops( /*flush output */
BOOL8 update /*send make_ */
) {
ONEOP *newop; /*message structure */
INT16 fd; /*file descriptor */
if (update) {
for (fd = 1; fd < maxsbfd; fd++) {
if (sbfds[fd].used) {
/*get some space */
newop = (ONEOP *) getshm (sizeof (ONEOP));
if (newop != NULL) {
newop->header.fd = fd; /*send the fd */
/*send the operator */
newop->type = MAKECURRENT;
}
}
}
}
kick_daemon(FLUSH_OUT); /*empty shm */
}
void WINFD::Vdc_extent( /*set window focus */
float Xmin, /*min values */
float Ymin, /*min values */
float Xmax, /*max values */
float Ymax /*max values */
) {
EIGHTOP *newop; /*message structure */
/*get some space */
newop = (EIGHTOP *) getshm (sizeof (EIGHTOP));
if (newop != NULL) {
newop->header.fd = fd; /*send the fd */
newop->type = VDCEXTENT; /*send the operator */
newop->param.p[0].f = Xmin; /*set parameters */
newop->param.p[1].f = Ymin;
newop->param.p[2].f = 0.0f;
newop->param.p[3].f = Xmax;
newop->param.p[4].f = Ymax;
newop->param.p[5].f = 0.0f;
}
}
void WINFD::Ellipse( /*draw a ellipse */
float x_radius, /*radii of ellipse */
float y_radius, /*radii of ellipse */
float x_center, /*centre of ellipse */
float y_center, /*centre of ellipse */
float rotation /*rotation of ellipse */
) {
EIGHTOP *newop; /*message structure */
/*get some space */
newop = (EIGHTOP *) getshm (sizeof (EIGHTOP));
if (newop != NULL) {
newop->header.fd = fd; /*send the fd */
newop->type = ELLIPSE; /*send the operator */
/*set parameters */
newop->param.p[0].f = x_radius;
newop->param.p[1].f = y_radius;
newop->param.p[2].f = x_center;
newop->param.p[3].f = y_center;
newop->param.p[4].f = rotation;
}
}
void
WINFD::Polymarker2d ( /*draw a polymarker */
float clist[], /*coordinate list */
INT16 numpts, /*number of coords */
INT16 flags /*does it have move/draws */
) {
POLYOP *newop; /*message structure */
INT32 floatcount; /*no of floats */
floatcount = flags ? numpts * 3/*move/draw flags in */
: numpts * 2; /*no move/draw flags */
/*get some space */
newop = (POLYOP *) getshm (sizeof (POLYOP) + sizeof (float) * (floatcount - 1));
if (newop != NULL) {
newop->header.fd = fd; /*send the fd */
newop->type = POLYMARKER2D; /*send the operator */
/*pointer to array */
newop->param.clist = newop->clist;
newop->param.numpts = numpts;/*other params */
newop->param.flags = flags;
memcpy (newop->clist, clist, (UINT32) floatcount * sizeof (float));
}
}
void WINFD::Append_text( /*draw a text */
const char *string, /*text to draw */
INT16 xform, /*transform */
INT16 more /*more text? */
) {
APPENDOP *newop; /*message structure */
INT16 length; /*length of string */
length = strlen (string) + 1; /*include null */
length += 3;
length &= ~3; /*round up to words */
/*get some space */
newop = (APPENDOP *) getshm (sizeof (APPENDOP) + length - 4);
if (newop != NULL) {
newop->header.fd = fd; /*send the fd */
newop->type = APPENDTEXT; /*send the operator */
newop->param.string = newop->chars;
newop->param.xform = xform;
newop->param.more = more;
/*copy the string */
strcpy (newop->chars, string);
}
}
/*
* main thread/process (parent)
* @param structure with parsed arguments
* @return 0 if OK, otherwise some error
*/
int general(const t_arg *args)
{
t_err err = ERR_OK;
FILE *fw = NULL;
pid_t *pid = NULL; /* array with PIDs */
struct st_shmid shmid; /* struct with shared memory segments */
/* get mem for array of PIDs */
if ((pid = calloc((args->n + 1), sizeof(pid_t))) == NULL)
{
printErr(ERR_OUT_OF_MEM, "");
return ERR_OUT_OF_MEM;
}
/* get shared memory and save IDs to the structure */
if ((err = getshm(&shmid, args)) != ERR_OK)
{
free(pid);
return err;
}
/* we use NULL as idicator of stdout */
if (args->file != NULL)
{
/* open file for writing */
if ((fw = fopen(args->file, "w")) == NULL)
{
ungetshm(&shmid);
free(pid);
printErr(ERR_FILE_WRITE, args->file);
return ERR_FILE_WRITE;
}
}
/* reset errno */
errno = 0;
/* mount shm segment */
struct st_queue *record = (struct st_queue *)shmat(shmid.record, NULL, 0);
if (errno)
{
if (fw != NULL) fclose(fw);
shmdt((void *)record);
ungetshm(&shmid);
free(pid);
printErr(ERR_SHM_ATTACH, "shmid.record");
return ERR_SHM_ATTACH;
}
record->max = args->q; /* chairs in waiting room */
record->pos_st = -1; /* reserved value */
record->pos_ret = -1; /* reserved value */
/* unmount shm segment */
shmdt((void *)record);
/* create 1 semaphore with rw rights for the creator */
if ((semid = semget(ftok(args->path, 'z'), 1,
IPC_CREAT | IPC_EXCL | 0600)) == -1)
{
if (fw != NULL) fclose(fw);
shmdt((void *)record);
ungetshm(&shmid);
free(pid);
printErr(ERR_SEM_INIT, "");
return ERR_SEM_INIT;
}
/* semaphore initialization */
unsigned short int semset[1]; /* use 1 semaphore in set */
semset[0] = 1; /* semaphore "index" number (not ID) */
union semuni arg =
{
.array = semset,
};
/* set semaphore options in the whole semset */
semctl(semid, 0, SETALL, arg);
/* reset user signals (childs "inherit") */
sigset_t block_mask; /* create new mask */
sigfillset(&block_mask); /* fulfill with every signal */
struct sigaction sigact =
{
.sa_handler = void_fn, /* do nothing */
.sa_mask = block_mask,
.sa_flags = 0,
};
sigaction(SIGUSR1, &sigact, NULL); /* apply the new structure */
sigaction(SIGUSR2, &sigact, NULL); /* apply the new structure */
/* generate pseudo-random sequence */
srand(getpid());
int i = 0;
int j = args->n;
/* give birth to the barber and all customers */
for (i = 0; i <= args->n; i++)
{
/* sleep for a few miliseconds */
if (i != 0 && args->genc > 0) msleep(rand()%args->genc);
/* child */
if ((pid[i] = fork()) == 0)
{
if (i == 0)
process_barber(fw, &shmid, args);
else
process_customer(fw, &shmid, pid[0], i);
}
/* something bad happened */
else if (pid[i] == -1)
{
err = ERR_FORK;
for (j = 1; j < i; j++)
kill(pid[j], SIGKILL); /* no more interest in the return value */
break;
}
} /* for(;;) */
/* wait until all customers are gone */
for (i = 1; i <= j; i++)
{
if (pid[i] != 0) waitpid(pid[i], NULL, 0);
}
/* close the barbershop forever and kill the barber */
kill(pid[0], SIGKILL);
/* wait until barber definitely dies */
waitpid(pid[0], NULL, 0);
/* remove semaphore */
semctl(semid, 1, IPC_RMID, arg);
/* deallocate shm segments */
ungetshm(&shmid);
/* deallocate pid array */
free(pid);
/* close file if any */
if (fw != NULL)
if (fclose(fw) == EOF) printErr(err = ERR_FILE_CLOSE, args->file);
return err; /* exit parent */
}
int main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
t_err errnum = ERR_OK;
/* init the argument structure */
t_arg args =
{
.q = 0,
.genc = 0,
.genb = 0,
.n = 0,
.path = NULL,
.file = NULL, /* NULL means output to stdout (instead of file) */
};
/* transform arguments into structure in memory
and check them for compatibility */
if ((errnum = parseArgs(&args, argc, argv)) != ERR_OK)
return errnum;
if ((errnum = general(&args)) != ERR_OK)
return errnum;
return EXIT_SUCCESS;
} // main()
int main(int argc,char *argv[])
{
/** 初始化全局共享内存前，先获取ups根路径 **/
if(setupshome()==-1)
{
printf("设置全局变量upshome错误,请检查UPSHOME环境变量是否设置\n");
return -1;
}
size_t shmsize;
FILE *fp;
char tmpbuf[100];
char chnlcfgpath[100];
memset(tmpbuf,0,sizeof(tmpbuf));
memset(chnlcfgpath,0,sizeof(chnlcfgpath));
/** init the sysparam shm cfg **/
shmsize = 3*sizeof(_sys_param);
if(getshm(3,shmsize)==-1)
{
printf("获取系统公用参数共享内存失败\n");
return -1;
}
shmsize = HASHCNT*BUCKETSCNT*sizeof(_tran);
/** init tran shm **/
if(getshm(10,shmsize)==-1)
{
printf("获取交易hash桶共享内存ID失败\n");
return -1;
}
/** init commmsg **/
shmsize=MAXCOMMMSG*sizeof(_commmsg);
if(getshm(9,shmsize)==-1)
{
printf("获取渠道间通信共享内存ID失败\n");
return -1;
}
/** init flow **/
shmsize=MAXFLOW*sizeof(_flow);
if(getshm(8,shmsize)==-1)
{
printf("获取流程配置区共享内存ID失败\n");
return -1;
}
/** init server reg **/
shmsize = MAXSERVREG*sizeof(_servreg);
if(getshm(7,shmsize)==-1)
{
printf("获取交易系统服务登记共享内存ID失败\n");
return -1;
}
/** init xml cfg **/
shmsize = MAXXMLCFG*sizeof(_xmlcfg);
if(getshm(6,shmsize)==-1)
{
printf("获取XML配置共享内存失败\n");
return -1;
}
/** init tran map cfg **/
shmsize = MAXTRANMAP*sizeof(_tranmap);
if(getshm(5,shmsize)==-1)
{
printf("获取交易码映射配置共享内存失败\n");
return -1;
}
/** init the vardef shm cfg **/
shmsize = MAXVARDEF*sizeof(_vardef);
if(getshm(4,shmsize)==-1)
{
printf("获取变量定义映射配置共享内存失败\n");
return -1;
}
/** 初始化系统所有渠道的队列区 **/
sprintf(chnlcfgpath,"%s%s",upshome,"/cfg/chnl.cfg");
fp = fopen(chnlcfgpath,"r");
if(fp == NULL)
{
printf("打开渠道初始化配置文件失败:[%s]\n",strerror(errno));
return -1;
}
while(fgets(tmpbuf,sizeof(tmpbuf),fp)!=NULL)
{
tmpbuf[strlen(tmpbuf)-1]='\0';
if(tmpbuf[0]=='*')
continue;
else if(tmpbuf[0]=='@')
{
if(initmsg(tmpbuf+1)!=0)
{
printf("初始化:[%s]渠道队列区失败\n",tmpbuf+1);
return -1;
}
printf("初始化:[%s]渠道队列区成功\n",tmpbuf+1);
}else
{
continue;
}
}
fclose(fp);
/** init sem **/
if(initservregsem()!=0)
{
printf("获取服务登记区信号灯失败\n");
return -1;
}else
{
printf("获取服务登记区信号灯成功\n");
}
/** system v sem
if(init_sem(1)==0)
{
SysLog(LOG_SYS_ERR,"init sem ok\n");
}else
{
SysLog(LOG_SYS_ERR,"init sem error\n");
return -1;
}
**/
return 0;
}
WINDOW WINFD::create( /*create a window */
const char *name, /*name/title of window */
INT8 window_type, /*type of window */
INT16 xpos, /*coords of window */
INT16 ypos, /*coords of window */
INT16 xsize, /*size of window */
INT16 ysize, /*size of window */
float xmin, /*scrolling limits */
float xmax, /*to stop users */
float ymin, /*getting lost in */
float ymax, /*empty space */
BOOL8 downon, /*Events wanted */
BOOL8 moveon,
BOOL8 upon,
BOOL8 keyon) {
INT16 fd; //integer index
CREATEOP *newop; /*create structure */
WINDOW win; //output
if (xmin == xmax || ymin == ymax)
return NO_WINDOW;
if (maxsbfd == 0) {
maxsbfd = 1; /*don't use 0 */
start_sbdaemon(); /*startup daemon */
}
/*find a free one */
for (fd = 1; fd < maxsbfd && sbfds[fd].used; fd++);
if (fd == maxsbfd) { /*need a new one */
if (maxsbfd == MAXWINDOWS)
return NO_WINDOW;
maxsbfd++;
}
win = &sbfds[fd]; //this
win->fd = fd;
win->used = TRUE; /*it is in use */
win->downevent = downon;
win->moveevent = moveon;
win->upevent = upon;
win->keyevent = keyon;
win->click_handler = NULL;
win->selection_handler = NULL;
win->key_handler = NULL;
win->destroy_handler = NULL;
win->events = NULL;
win->lastevent = NULL;
newop = (CREATEOP *) getshm (sizeof (CREATEOP));
if (newop != NULL) {
newop->header.fd = fd; /*file descriptor */
newop->type = CREATE; /*set operator type */
newop->window_type = window_type;
/*copy window name */
strncpy (newop->name, name, MAXWINDOWNAME - 1);
newop->name[MAXWINDOWNAME - 1] = '\0';
newop->xpos = xpos;
newop->ypos = ypos;
newop->xsize = xsize;
newop->ysize = ysize;
newop->xmin = xmin;
newop->xmax = xmax;
newop->ymin = ymin;
newop->ymax = ymax;
newop->downon = downon;
newop->moveon = moveon;
newop->upon = upon;
newop->keyon = keyon;
}
return win; /*file descriptor */
}
