void *nwipe_dod522022m( void *ptr )
{
/**
* United States Department of Defense 5220.22-M standard wipe.
*
*/
nwipe_context_t *c;
c = (nwipe_context_t *) ptr;
/* A result holder. */
int r;
/* Random characters. (Elements 2 and 6 are unused.) */
char dod [7];
nwipe_pattern_t patterns [] =
{
{ 1, &dod[0] }, /* Pass 1: A random character. */
{ 1, &dod[1] }, /* Pass 2: The bitwise complement of pass 1. */
{ -1, "" }, /* Pass 3: A random stream. */
{ 1, &dod[3] }, /* Pass 4: A random character. */
{ 1, &dod[4] }, /* Pass 5: A random character. */
{ 1, &dod[5] }, /* Pass 6: The bitwise complement of pass 5. */
{ -1, "" }, /* Pass 7: A random stream. */
{ 0, NULL }
};
/* Load the array with random characters. */
r = read( c->entropy_fd, &dod, sizeof( dod ) );
/* NOTE: Only the random data in dod[0], dod[3], and dod[4] is actually used. */
/* Check the result. */
if( r != sizeof( dod ) )
{
r = errno;
nwipe_perror( r, __FUNCTION__, "read" );
nwipe_log( NWIPE_LOG_FATAL, "Unable to seed the %s method.", nwipe_dod522022m_label );
/* Ensure a negative return. */
if( r < 0 ) { c->result = r; return NULL; }
else { c->result = -1; return NULL; }
}
/* Pass 2 is the bitwise complement of Pass 1. */
dod[1] = ~ dod[0];
/* Pass 4 is the bitwise complement of Pass 3. */
dod[5] = ~ dod[4];
/* Run the DoD 5220.22-M method. */
c->result = nwipe_runmethod( c, patterns );
/* Finished. Set the thread ID to 0 so that the GUI knows */
c->thread = 0;
return NULL;
} /* nwipe_dod522022m */
void nwipe_perror( int nwipe_errno, const char* f, const char* s )
{
/**
* Wrapper for perror().
*
* We may wish to tweak or squelch this later.
*
*/
nwipe_log( NWIPE_LOG_ERROR, "%s: %s: %s", f, s, strerror( nwipe_errno ) );
} /* nwipe_perror */
int check_device( nwipe_context_t*** c, PedDevice* dev, int dcount )
{
/* Populate this struct, then assign it to overall array of structs. */
nwipe_context_t* next_device;
/* Try opening the device to see if it's valid. Close on completion. */
if (!ped_device_open(dev))
return 0;
ped_device_close(dev);
/* New device, reallocate memory for additional struct pointer */
*c = realloc (*c, (dcount+1) * sizeof(nwipe_context_t *));
next_device = malloc (sizeof(nwipe_context_t));
/* Check the allocation. */
if( ! next_device )
{
nwipe_perror( errno, __FUNCTION__, "malloc" );
nwipe_log( NWIPE_LOG_FATAL, "Unable to create the array of enumeration contexts." );
return 0;
}
/* Zero the allocation. */
memset( next_device , 0, sizeof( nwipe_context_t ) );
/* Get device information */
next_device->label = dev->model;
next_device->device_name = dev->path;
next_device->device_size = dev->length * dev->sector_size;
/* Attempt to get serial number of device. */
ioctl(next_device->device_fd, HDIO_GET_IDENTITY, &next_device->identity);
(*c)[dcount] = next_device;
return 1;
}
int nwipe_runmethod( nwipe_context_t* c, nwipe_pattern_t* patterns )
{
/**
* Writes patterns to the device.
*
*/
/* The result holder. */
int r;
/* An index variable. */
int i = 0;
/* The zero-fill pattern for the final pass of most methods. */
nwipe_pattern_t pattern_zero = { 1, "\x00" };
/* Create the PRNG state buffer. */
c->prng_seed.length = NWIPE_KNOB_PRNG_STATE_LENGTH;
c->prng_seed.s = malloc( c->prng_seed.length );
/* Check the memory allocation. */
if( ! c->prng_seed.s )
{
nwipe_perror( errno, __FUNCTION__, "malloc" );
nwipe_log( NWIPE_LOG_FATAL, "Unable to allocate memory for the prng seed buffer." );
return -1;
}
/* Count the number of patterns in the array. */
while( patterns[i].length ) { i += 1; }
/* Tell the parent the number of device passes that will be run in one round. */
c->pass_count = i;
/* Set the number of bytes that will be written across all passes in one round. */
c->pass_size = c->pass_count * c->device_size;
if( nwipe_options.verify == NWIPE_VERIFY_ALL )
{
/* We must read back all passes, so double the byte count. */
c->pass_size *= 2;
}
/* Tell the parent the number of rounds that will be run. */
c->round_count = nwipe_options.rounds;
/* Set the number of bytes that will be written across all rounds. */
c->round_size = c->round_count * c->pass_size;
/* The final pass is always a zero fill, except ops2 which is random. */
/* Do not add if there is no blanking pass. */
if ( nwipe_options.noblank == 0 )
{
c->round_size += c->device_size;
}
/* Set the round total count down */
c->result = c->round_size;
if((nwipe_options.verify == NWIPE_VERIFY_LAST || nwipe_options.verify == NWIPE_VERIFY_ALL)
&& nwipe_options.noblank == 0 )
{
/* We must read back the last pass to verify it. */
c->round_size += c->device_size;
}
/* Initialize the working round counter. */
c->round_working = 0;
nwipe_log( NWIPE_LOG_NOTICE, "Invoking method '%s' on device '%s'.", \
nwipe_method_label( nwipe_options.method ), c->device_name );
while( c->round_working < c->round_count )
{
/* Increment the round counter. */
c->round_working += 1;
nwipe_log( NWIPE_LOG_NOTICE, "Starting round %i of %i on device '%s'.", \
c->round_working, c->round_count, c->device_name );
/* Initialize the working pass counter. */
c->pass_working = 0;
for( i = 0 ; i < c->pass_count ; i++ )
{
/* Increment the working pass. */
c->pass_working += 1;
nwipe_log( NWIPE_LOG_NOTICE, "Starting pass %i of %i, round %i of %i, on device '%s'.", \
c->pass_working, c->pass_count, c->round_working, c->round_count, c->device_name );
if( patterns[i].length == 0 )
{
/* Caught insanity. */
nwipe_log( NWIPE_LOG_SANITY, "nwipe_runmethod: A non-terminating pattern element has zero length." );
return -1;
}
if( patterns[i].length > 0 )
{
/* Write a static pass. */
c->pass_type = NWIPE_PASS_WRITE;
r = nwipe_static_pass( c, &patterns[i] );
c->pass_type = NWIPE_PASS_NONE;
/* Log number of bytes written to disk */
nwipe_log( NWIPE_LOG_NOTICE, "%llu bytes written to device '%s'.", \
c->pass_done, c->device_name );
/* Check for a fatal error. */
if( r < 0 ) { return r; }
if( nwipe_options.verify == NWIPE_VERIFY_ALL )
{
nwipe_log( NWIPE_LOG_NOTICE, "Verifying pass %i of %i, round %i of %i, on device '%s'.", \
c->pass_working, c->pass_count, c->round_working, c->round_count, c->device_name );
/* Verify this pass. */
c->pass_type = NWIPE_PASS_VERIFY;
r = nwipe_static_verify( c, &patterns[i] );
c->pass_type = NWIPE_PASS_NONE;
/* Check for a fatal error. */
if( r < 0 ) { return r; }
nwipe_log( NWIPE_LOG_NOTICE, "Verified pass %i of %i, round %i of %i, on device '%s'.", \
c->pass_working, c->pass_count, c->round_working, c->round_count, c->device_name );
}
} /* static pass */
else
{
c->pass_type = NWIPE_PASS_WRITE;
/* Seed the PRNG. */
r = read( c->entropy_fd, c->prng_seed.s, c->prng_seed.length );
/* Check the result. */
if( r < 0 )
{
c->pass_type = NWIPE_PASS_NONE;
nwipe_perror( errno, __FUNCTION__, "read" );
nwipe_log( NWIPE_LOG_FATAL, "Unable to seed the PRNG." );
return -1;
}
/* Check for a partial read. */
if( r != c->prng_seed.length )
{
/* TODO: Handle partial reads. */
nwipe_log( NWIPE_LOG_FATAL, "Insufficient entropy is available." );
return -1;
}
/* Write the random pass. */
r = nwipe_random_pass( c );
c->pass_type = NWIPE_PASS_NONE;
/* Log number of bytes written to disk */
nwipe_log( NWIPE_LOG_NOTICE, "%llu bytes written to device '%s'.", \
c->pass_done, c->device_name );
/* Check for a fatal error. */
if( r < 0 ) { return r; }
if( nwipe_options.verify == NWIPE_VERIFY_ALL )
{
nwipe_log( NWIPE_LOG_NOTICE, "Verifying pass %i of %i, round %i of %i, on device '%s'.", \
c->pass_working, c->pass_count, c->round_working, c->round_count, c->device_name );
/* Verify this pass. */
c->pass_type = NWIPE_PASS_VERIFY;
r = nwipe_random_verify( c );
c->pass_type = NWIPE_PASS_NONE;
/* Check for a fatal error. */
if( r < 0 ) { return r; }
nwipe_log( NWIPE_LOG_NOTICE, "Verified pass %i of %i, round %i of %i, on device '%s'.", \
c->pass_working, c->pass_count, c->round_working, c->round_count, nwipe_method_label( nwipe_options.method ) );
}
} /* random pass */
nwipe_log( NWIPE_LOG_NOTICE, "Finished pass %i of %i, round %i of %i, on device '%s'.", \
c->pass_working, c->pass_count, c->round_working, c->round_count, c->device_name );
} /* for passes */
nwipe_log( NWIPE_LOG_NOTICE, "Finished round %i of %i on device '%s'.", \
c->round_working, c->round_count, c->device_name );
} /* while rounds */
if( nwipe_options.method == &nwipe_ops2 )
{
/* NOTE: The OPS-II method specifically requires that a random pattern be left on the device. */
/* Tell the parent that we are running the final pass. */
c->pass_type = NWIPE_PASS_FINAL_OPS2;
/* Seed the PRNG. */
r = read( c->entropy_fd, c->prng_seed.s, c->prng_seed.length );
/* Check the result. */
if( r < 0 )
{
nwipe_perror( errno, __FUNCTION__, "read" );
nwipe_log( NWIPE_LOG_FATAL, "Unable to seed the PRNG." );
return -1;
}
/* Check for a partial read. */
if( r != c->prng_seed.length )
{
/* TODO: Handle partial reads. */
nwipe_log( NWIPE_LOG_FATAL, "Insufficient entropy is available." );
return -1;
}
nwipe_log( NWIPE_LOG_NOTICE, "Writing final random pattern to '%s'.", c->device_name );
/* The final ops2 pass. */
r = nwipe_random_pass( c );
/* Check for a fatal error. */
if( r < 0 ) { return r; }
if( nwipe_options.verify == NWIPE_VERIFY_LAST || nwipe_options.verify == NWIPE_VERIFY_ALL )
{
nwipe_log( NWIPE_LOG_NOTICE, "Verifying the final random pattern on '%s' is empty.", c->device_name );
/* Verify the final zero pass. */
r = nwipe_random_verify( c );
/* Check for a fatal error. */
if( r < 0 ) { return r; }
nwipe_log( NWIPE_LOG_NOTICE, "Verified the final random pattern on '%s' is empty.", c->device_name );
}
nwipe_log( NWIPE_LOG_NOTICE, "Wrote final random pattern to '%s'.", c->device_name );
} /* final ops2 */
else if (nwipe_options.noblank == 0)
{
/* Tell the user that we are on the final pass. */
c->pass_type = NWIPE_PASS_FINAL_BLANK;
nwipe_log( NWIPE_LOG_NOTICE, "Blanking device '%s'.", c->device_name );
/* The final zero pass. */
r = nwipe_static_pass( c, &pattern_zero );
/* Check for a fatal error. */
if( r < 0 ) { return r; }
if( nwipe_options.verify == NWIPE_VERIFY_LAST || nwipe_options.verify == NWIPE_VERIFY_ALL )
{
nwipe_log( NWIPE_LOG_NOTICE, "Verifying that '%s' is empty.", c->device_name );
/* Verify the final zero pass. */
r = nwipe_static_verify( c, &pattern_zero );
/* Check for a fatal error. */
if( r < 0 ) { return r; }
nwipe_log( NWIPE_LOG_NOTICE, "Verified that '%s' is empty.", c->device_name );
}
nwipe_log( NWIPE_LOG_NOTICE, "Blanked device '%s'.", c->device_name );
} /* final blank */
/* Release the state buffer. */
c->prng_seed.length = 0;
free( c->prng_seed.s );
/* Tell the parent that we have fininshed the final pass. */
c->pass_type = NWIPE_PASS_NONE;
if( c->verify_errors > 0 )
{
/* We finished, but with non-fatal verification errors. */
nwipe_log( NWIPE_LOG_ERROR, "%llu verification errors on device '%s'.", c->verify_errors, c->device_name );
}
if( c->pass_errors > 0 )
{
/* We finished, but with non-fatal wipe errors. */
nwipe_log( NWIPE_LOG_ERROR, "%llu wipe errors on device '%s'.", c->pass_errors, c->device_name );
}
/* FIXME: The 'round_errors' context member is not being used. */
if( c->pass_errors > 0 || c->round_errors > 0 || c->verify_errors > 0 )
{
/* We finished, but with non-fatal errors. */
return 1;
}
/* We finished successfully. */
return 0;
} /* nwipe_runmethod */
void *nwipe_ops2( void *ptr )
{
/**
* Royal Canadian Mounted Police
* Technical Security Standard for Information Technology
* Appendix OPS-II: Media Sanitization
*
* NOTE: The last pass of this method is specially handled by nwipe_runmethod.
*
*/
nwipe_context_t *c;
c = (nwipe_context_t *) ptr;
/* A generic array index. */
int i;
/* A generic result buffer. */
int r;
/* A buffer for random characters. */
char* s;
/* A buffer for the bitwise complements of 's'. */
char* t;
/* The element count of 's' and 't'. */
u32 u;
/* The pattern array for this method is dynamically allocated. */
nwipe_pattern_t* patterns;
/* The element count of 'patterns'. */
u32 q;
/* We need one random character per round. */
u = 1 * nwipe_options.rounds;
/* Allocate the array of random characters. */
s = malloc( sizeof( char ) * u );
if( s == NULL )
{
nwipe_perror( errno, __FUNCTION__, "malloc" );
nwipe_log( NWIPE_LOG_FATAL, "Unable to allocate the random character array." );
c->result = -1;
return NULL;
}
/* Allocate the array of complement characters. */
t = malloc( sizeof( char ) * u );
if( t == NULL )
{
nwipe_perror( errno, __FUNCTION__, "malloc" );
nwipe_log( NWIPE_LOG_FATAL, "Unable to allocate the complement character array." );
c->result = -1;
free(s);
return NULL;
}
/* We need eight pattern elements per round, plus one for padding. */
q = 8 * u + 1;
/* Allocate the pattern array. */
patterns = malloc( sizeof( nwipe_pattern_t ) * q );
if( patterns == NULL )
{
nwipe_perror( errno, __FUNCTION__, "malloc" );
nwipe_log( NWIPE_LOG_FATAL, "Unable to allocate the pattern array." );
c->result = -1;
free(s);
free(t);
return NULL;
}
/* Load the array of random characters. */
r = read( c->entropy_fd, s, u );
if( r != u )
{
r = errno;
nwipe_perror( r, __FUNCTION__, "read" );
nwipe_log( NWIPE_LOG_FATAL, "Unable to seed the %s method.", nwipe_ops2_label );
if( r < 0 )
{
c->result = r;
free(s);
free(t);
free(patterns);
return NULL;
}
else
{
c->result = -1;
free(s);
free(t);
free(patterns);
return NULL;
}
}
for( i = 0 ; i < u ; i += 1 )
{
/* Populate the array of complements. */
t[i] = ~s[i];
}
for( i = 0 ; i < u ; i += 8 )
{
/* Populate the array of patterns. */
/* Even elements point to the random characters. */
patterns[i*4 +0].length = 1;
patterns[i*4 +0].s = &s[i];
patterns[i*4 +2].length = 1;
patterns[i*4 +2].s = &s[i];
patterns[i*4 +4].length = 1;
patterns[i*4 +4].s = &s[i];
patterns[i*4 +6].length = 1;
patterns[i*4 +6].s = &s[i];
/* Odd elements point to the complement characters. */
patterns[i*4 +1].length = 1;
patterns[i*4 +1].s = &t[i];
patterns[i*4 +3].length = 1;
patterns[i*4 +3].s = &t[i];
patterns[i*4 +5].length = 1;
patterns[i*4 +5].s = &t[i];
patterns[i*4 +7].length = 1;
patterns[i*4 +7].s = &t[i];
}
/* Ensure that the array is terminated. */
patterns[q-1].length = 0;
patterns[q-1].s = NULL;
/* Run the TSSIT OPS-II method. */
r = nwipe_runmethod( c, patterns );
/* Release the random character buffer. */
free( s );
/* Release the complement character buffer */
free( t );
/* Release the pattern buffer. */
free( patterns );
/* We're done. */
c->result = nwipe_runmethod( c, patterns );
/* Finished. Set the thread ID to 0 so that the GUI knows */
c->thread = 0;
return NULL;
} /* nwipe_ops2 */
void *nwipe_gutmann( void *ptr )
{
/**
* Peter Gutmann's wipe.
*
*/
nwipe_context_t *c;
c = (nwipe_context_t *) ptr;
/* A result buffer. */
int r;
/* The number of patterns in the Guttman Wipe, also used to index the 'patterns' array. */
int i = 35;
/* An index into the 'book' array. */
int j;
/* The N-th element that has not been used. */
int n;
/* Define the Gutmann method. */
nwipe_pattern_t book [] =
{
{ -1, "" }, /* Random pass. */
{ -1, "" }, /* Random pass. */
{ -1, "" }, /* Random pass. */
{ -1, "" }, /* Random pass. */
{ 3, "\x55\x55\x55" }, /* Static pass: 0x555555 01010101 01010101 01010101 */
{ 3, "\xAA\xAA\xAA" }, /* Static pass: 0XAAAAAA 10101010 10101010 10101010 */
{ 3, "\x92\x49\x24" }, /* Static pass: 0x924924 10010010 01001001 00100100 */
{ 3, "\x49\x24\x92" }, /* Static pass: 0x492492 01001001 00100100 10010010 */
{ 3, "\x24\x92\x49" }, /* Static pass: 0x249249 00100100 10010010 01001001 */
{ 3, "\x00\x00\x00" }, /* Static pass: 0x000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 */
{ 3, "\x11\x11\x11" }, /* Static pass: 0x111111 00010001 00010001 00010001 */
{ 3, "\x22\x22\x22" }, /* Static pass: 0x222222 00100010 00100010 00100010 */
{ 3, "\x33\x33\x33" }, /* Static pass: 0x333333 00110011 00110011 00110011 */
{ 3, "\x44\x44\x44" }, /* Static pass: 0x444444 01000100 01000100 01000100 */
{ 3, "\x55\x55\x55" }, /* Static pass: 0x555555 01010101 01010101 01010101 */
{ 3, "\x66\x66\x66" }, /* Static pass: 0x666666 01100110 01100110 01100110 */
{ 3, "\x77\x77\x77" }, /* Static pass: 0x777777 01110111 01110111 01110111 */
{ 3, "\x88\x88\x88" }, /* Static pass: 0x888888 10001000 10001000 10001000 */
{ 3, "\x99\x99\x99" }, /* Static pass: 0x999999 10011001 10011001 10011001 */
{ 3, "\xAA\xAA\xAA" }, /* Static pass: 0xAAAAAA 10101010 10101010 10101010 */
{ 3, "\xBB\xBB\xBB" }, /* Static pass: 0xBBBBBB 10111011 10111011 10111011 */
{ 3, "\xCC\xCC\xCC" }, /* Static pass: 0xCCCCCC 11001100 11001100 11001100 */
{ 3, "\xDD\xDD\xDD" }, /* Static pass: 0xDDDDDD 11011101 11011101 11011101 */
{ 3, "\xEE\xEE\xEE" }, /* Static pass: 0xEEEEEE 11101110 11101110 11101110 */
{ 3, "\xFF\xFF\xFF" }, /* Static pass: 0xFFFFFF 11111111 11111111 11111111 */
{ 3, "\x92\x49\x24" }, /* Static pass: 0x924924 10010010 01001001 00100100 */
{ 3, "\x49\x24\x92" }, /* Static pass: 0x492492 01001001 00100100 10010010 */
{ 3, "\x24\x92\x49" }, /* Static pass: 0x249249 00100100 10010010 01001001 */
{ 3, "\x6D\xB6\xDB" }, /* Static pass: 0x6DB6DB 01101101 10110110 11011011 */
{ 3, "\xB6\xDB\x6D" }, /* Static pass: 0xB6DB6D 10110110 11011011 01101101 */
{ 3, "\xDB\x6D\xB6" }, /* Static pass: 0XDB6DB6 11011011 01101101 10110110 */
{ -1, "" }, /* Random pass. */
{ -1, "" }, /* Random pass. */
{ -1, "" }, /* Random pass. */
{ -1, "" }, /* Random pass. */
{ 0, NULL }
};
/* Put the book array into this array in random order. */
nwipe_pattern_t patterns [36];
/* An entropy buffer. */
u16 s [i];
/* Load the array with random characters. */
r = read( c->entropy_fd, &s, sizeof( s ) );
if( r != sizeof( s ) )
{
r = errno;
nwipe_perror( r, __FUNCTION__, "read" );
nwipe_log( NWIPE_LOG_FATAL, "Unable to seed the %s method.", nwipe_gutmann_label );
/* Ensure a negative return. */
if( r < 0 ) { c->result = r; return NULL; }
else { c->result = -1; return NULL; }
}
while( --i >= 0 )
{
/* Get a random integer that is less than the first index 'i'. */
n = (int)( (double)( s[i] ) / (double)( 0x0000FFFF + 1 ) * (double)( i + 1 ) );
/* Initialize the secondary index. */
j = -1;
while( n-- >= 0 )
{
/* Advance 'j' by 'n' positions... */
j += 1;
/* ... but don't count 'book' elements that have already been copied. */
while( book[j].length == 0 ) { j += 1; }
}
/* Copy the element. */
patterns[i] = book[j];
/* Mark this element as having been used. */
book[j].length = 0;
nwipe_log( NWIPE_LOG_DEBUG, "nwipe_gutmann: Set patterns[%i] = book[%i].", i, j );
}
/* Ensure that the array is terminated. */
patterns[35].length = 0;
patterns[35].s = NULL;
/* Run the Gutmann method. */
c->result = nwipe_runmethod( c, patterns );
/* Finished. Set the thread ID to 0 so that the GUI knows */
c->thread = 0;
return NULL;
} /* nwipe_gutmann */
