/* ****************************************************************************
*
* mongoAttributesForEntityType -
*/
HttpStatusCode mongoAttributesForEntityType
(
  std::string                           entityType,
  EntityTypeResponse*         responseP,
  const std::string&                    tenant,
  const std::vector<std::string>&       servicePathV,
  std::map<std::string, std::string>&   uriParams
)
{  
  unsigned int   offset         = atoi(uriParams[URI_PARAM_PAGINATION_OFFSET].c_str());
  unsigned int   limit          = atoi(uriParams[URI_PARAM_PAGINATION_LIMIT].c_str());
  std::string    detailsString  = uriParams[URI_PARAM_PAGINATION_DETAILS];
  bool           details        = (strcasecmp("on", detailsString.c_str()) == 0)? true : false;
  bool           reqSemTaken    = false;

  // Setting the name of the entity type for the response
  responseP->entityType.type = entityType;

  LM_T(LmtMongo, ("Query Types Attribute for <%s>", entityType.c_str()));
  LM_T(LmtPagination, ("Offset: %d, Limit: %d, Details: %s", offset, limit, (details == true)? "true" : "false"));

  reqSemTake(__FUNCTION__, "query types attributes request", SemReadOp, &reqSemTaken);


  /* Compose query based on this aggregation command:   
   *
   * db.runCommand({aggregate: "entities",
   *                pipeline: [ {$match: { "_id.type": "TYPE" , "_id.servicePath": /.../ } },
   *                            {$project: {_id: 1, "attrNames": 1} },
   *                            {$unwind: "$attrNames"},
   *                            {$group: {_id: "$_id.type", attrs: {$addToSet: "$attrNames"}} },
   *                            {$unwind: "$attrs"},
   *                            {$group: {_id: "$attrs" }},
   *                            {$sort: {_id: 1}}
   *                          ]
   *                })
   *
   */

  BSONObj result;
  BSONObj cmd = BSON("aggregate" << COL_ENTITIES <<
                     "pipeline" << BSON_ARRAY(
                                              BSON("$match" << BSON(C_ID_ENTITY << entityType << C_ID_SERVICEPATH << fillQueryServicePath(servicePathV))) <<
                                              BSON("$project" << BSON("_id" << 1 << ENT_ATTRNAMES << 1)) <<
                                              BSON("$unwind" << S_ATTRNAMES) <<
                                              BSON("$group" << BSON("_id" << CS_ID_ENTITY << "attrs" << BSON("$addToSet" << S_ATTRNAMES))) <<
                                              BSON("$unwind" << "$attrs") <<
                                              BSON("$group" << BSON("_id" << "$attrs")) <<
                                              BSON("$sort" << BSON("_id" << 1))
                                             )
                    );

  std::string err;
  if (!runCollectionCommand(composeDatabaseName(tenant), cmd, &result, &err))
  {
    responseP->statusCode.fill(SccReceiverInternalError, err);
    reqSemGive(__FUNCTION__, "query types request", reqSemTaken);
    return SccOk;
  }

  /* Processing result to build response */
  LM_T(LmtMongo, ("aggregation result: %s", result.toString().c_str()));

  std::vector<BSONElement> resultsArray = getField(result, "result").Array();

  responseP->entityType.count = countEntities(tenant, servicePathV, entityType);

  if (resultsArray.size() == 0)
  {
    responseP->statusCode.fill(SccContextElementNotFound);
    reqSemGive(__FUNCTION__, "query types request", reqSemTaken);
    return SccOk;
  }

  /* See comment above in the other method regarding this strategy to implement pagination */
  for (unsigned int ix = offset; ix < MIN(resultsArray.size(), offset + limit); ++ix)
  {
    BSONElement  idField    = resultsArray[ix].embeddedObject().getField("_id");

    //
    // BSONElement::eoo returns true if 'not found', i.e. the field "_id" doesn't exist in 'sub'
    //
    // Now, if 'resultsArray[ix].embeddedObject().getField("_id")' is not found, if we continue,
    // calling embeddedObject() on it, then we get an exception and the broker crashes.
    //
    if (idField.eoo() == true)
    {
      LM_E(("Database Error (error retrieving _id field in doc: %s)", resultsArray[ix].embeddedObject().toString().c_str()));
      continue;
    }

    /* Note that we need and extra query() to the database (inside attributeType() function) to get each attribute type.
     * This could be unefficient, specially if the number of attributes is large */
    std::string attrType = attributeType(tenant, servicePathV, entityType , idField.str());

    ContextAttribute*  ca = new ContextAttribute(idField.str(), attrType, "");
    responseP->entityType.contextAttributeVector.push_back(ca);
  }

  char detailsMsg[256];
  if (responseP->entityType.contextAttributeVector.size() > 0)
  {
    if (details)
    {
      snprintf(detailsMsg, sizeof(detailsMsg), "Count: %d", (int) resultsArray.size());
      responseP->statusCode.fill(SccOk, detailsMsg);
    }
    else
    {
      responseP->statusCode.fill(SccOk);
    }
  }
  else
  {
    if (details)
    {
      snprintf(detailsMsg, sizeof(detailsMsg), "Number of attributes: %d. Offset is %d", (int) resultsArray.size(), offset);
      responseP->statusCode.fill(SccContextElementNotFound, detailsMsg);
    }
    else
    {
      responseP->statusCode.fill(SccContextElementNotFound);
    }
  }

  reqSemGive(__FUNCTION__, "query types request", reqSemTaken);

  return SccOk;
}
/* ****************************************************************************
*
* mongoConnect - 
*
* Default value for writeConcern == 1 (0: unacknowledged, 1: acknowledged)
*/
static DBClientBase* mongoConnect
(
  const char*  host,
  const char*  db,
  const char*  rplSet,
  const char*  username,
  const char*  passwd,
  bool         multitenant,
  int          writeConcern,
  double       timeout
)
{
  std::string   err;
  DBClientBase* connection = NULL;

  LM_T(LmtMongo, ("Connection info: dbName='%s', rplSet='%s', timeout=%f", db, rplSet, timeout));

  bool connected     = false;
  int  retries       = RECONNECT_RETRIES;

  if (strlen(rplSet) == 0)
  {
    // Setting the first argument to true is to use autoreconnect
    connection = new DBClientConnection(true);

    //
    // Not sure of how to generalize the following code,
    // given that DBClientBase class doesn't have a common connect() method (surprisingly)
    //
    for (int tryNo = 0; tryNo < retries; ++tryNo)
    {
      if ( ((DBClientConnection*)connection)->connect(host, err))
      {
        connected = true;
        break;
      }

      if (tryNo == 0)
      {
        LM_E(("Database Startup Error (cannot connect to mongo - doing %d retries with a %d microsecond interval)",
              retries,
              RECONNECT_DELAY));
      }
      else
      {
        LM_T(LmtMongo, ("Try %d connecting to mongo failed", tryNo));
      }

      usleep(RECONNECT_DELAY * 1000);  // usleep accepts microseconds
    }
  }
  else
  {
    LM_T(LmtMongo, ("Using replica set %s", rplSet));

    // autoReconnect is always on for DBClientReplicaSet connections.
    std::vector<std::string>  hostTokens;
    int components = stringSplit(host, ',', hostTokens);

    std::vector<HostAndPort> rplSetHosts;
    for (int ix = 0; ix < components; ix++)
    {
      LM_T(LmtMongo, ("rplSet host <%s>", hostTokens[ix].c_str()));
      rplSetHosts.push_back(HostAndPort(hostTokens[ix]));
    }

    connection = new DBClientReplicaSet(rplSet, rplSetHosts, timeout);

    //
    // Not sure of to generalize the following code,
    // given that DBClientBase class hasn't a common connect() method (surprisingly)
    //
    for (int tryNo = 0; tryNo < retries; ++tryNo)
    {
      if ( ((DBClientReplicaSet*)connection)->connect())
      {
        connected = true;
        break;
      }

      if (tryNo == 0)
      {
        LM_E(("Database Startup Error (cannot connect to mongo - doing %d retries with a %d microsecond interval)",
              retries,
              RECONNECT_DELAY));
      }
      else
      {
        LM_T(LmtMongo, ("Try %d connecting to mongo failed", tryNo));
      }

      usleep(RECONNECT_DELAY * 1000);  // usleep accepts microseconds
    }
  }

  if (connected == false)
  {
    LM_E(("Database Error (connection failed, after %d retries: '%s')", retries, err.c_str()));
    return NULL;
  }

  LM_I(("Successful connection to database"));

  //
  // WriteConcern
  //
  mongo::WriteConcern writeConcernCheck;

  //
  // In the legacy driver, writeConcern is no longer an int, but a class.
  // We need a small conversion step here
  //
  mongo::WriteConcern wc = writeConcern == 1 ? mongo::WriteConcern::acknowledged : mongo::WriteConcern::unacknowledged;

  setWriteConcern(connection, wc, &err);
  getWriteConcern(connection, &writeConcernCheck, &err);

  if (writeConcernCheck.nodes() != wc.nodes())
  {
    LM_E(("Database Error (Write Concern not set as desired)"));
    return NULL;
  }
  LM_T(LmtMongo, ("Active DB Write Concern mode: %d", writeConcern));

  /* Authentication is different depending if multiservice is used or not. In the case of not
   * using multiservice, we authenticate in the single-service database. In the case of using
   * multiservice, it isn't a default database that we know at contextBroker start time (when
   * this connection function is invoked) so we authenticate on the admin database, which provides
   * access to any database */
  if (multitenant)
  {
    if (strlen(username) != 0 && strlen(passwd) != 0)
    {
      if (!connectionAuth(connection, "admin", std::string(username), std::string(passwd), &err))
      {
        return NULL;
      }
    }
  }
  else
  {
    if (strlen(db) != 0 && strlen(username) != 0 && strlen(passwd) != 0)
    {
      if (!connectionAuth(connection, std::string(db), std::string(username), std::string(passwd), &err))
      {
        return NULL;
      }
    }
  }

  /* Get mongo version with the 'buildinfo' command */
  BSONObj     result;
  std::string extra;
  runCollectionCommand(connection, "admin", BSON("buildinfo" << 1), &result, &err);
  std::string versionString = std::string(getStringField(result, "version"));
  if (!versionParse(versionString, mongoVersionMayor, mongoVersionMinor, extra))
  {
    LM_E(("Database Startup Error (invalid version format: %s)", versionString.c_str()));
    return NULL;
  }
  LM_T(LmtMongo, ("mongo version server: %s (mayor: %d, minor: %d, extra: %s)",
                  versionString.c_str(),
                  mongoVersionMayor,
                  mongoVersionMinor,
                  extra.c_str()));

  return connection;
}
/* ****************************************************************************
*
* mongoEntityTypes -
*/
HttpStatusCode mongoEntityTypes
(
  EntityTypeVectorResponse*                  responseP,
  const std::string&                    tenant,
  const std::vector<std::string>&       servicePathV,
  std::map<std::string, std::string>&   uriParams
)
{
  unsigned int   offset         = atoi(uriParams[URI_PARAM_PAGINATION_OFFSET].c_str());
  unsigned int   limit          = atoi(uriParams[URI_PARAM_PAGINATION_LIMIT].c_str());
  std::string    detailsString  = uriParams[URI_PARAM_PAGINATION_DETAILS];
  bool           details        = (strcasecmp("on", detailsString.c_str()) == 0)? true : false;  
  bool           reqSemTaken    = false;

  LM_T(LmtMongo, ("Query Entity Types"));
  LM_T(LmtPagination, ("Offset: %d, Limit: %d, Details: %s", offset, limit, (details == true)? "true" : "false"));

  reqSemTake(__FUNCTION__, "query types request", SemReadOp, &reqSemTaken);

  /* Compose query based on this aggregation command:  
   *
   * db.runCommand({aggregate: "entities",
   *                pipeline: [ {$match: { "_id.servicePath": /.../ } },
   *                            {$project: {_id: 1, "attrNames": 1} },
   *                            {$project: { "attrNames"
   *                                  {$cond: [ {$eq: [ "$attrNames", [ ] ] }, [null], "$attrNames"] }
   *                               }
   *                            },
   *                            {$unwind: "$attrNames"},
   *                            {$group: {_id: "$_id.type", attrs: {$addToSet: "$attrNames"}} },
   *                            {$sort: {_id: 1} }
   *                          ]
   *                })   
   *
   * The $cond part is hard... more information at http://stackoverflow.com/questions/27510143/empty-array-prevents-document-to-appear-in-query
   * As a consequence, some "null" values may appear in the resulting attrs vector, which are pruned by the result processing logic.
   *
   * FIXME P6: in the future, we can interpret the collapse parameter at this layer. If collapse=true so we don't need attributes, the
   * following command can be used:
   *
   * db.runCommand({aggregate: "entities", pipeline: [ {$group: {_id: "$_id.type"} }]})
   *
   *
   *
   */

  BSONObj result;

  //
  // Building the projection part of the query that includes types that have no attributes
  // See bug: https://github.com/telefonicaid/fiware-orion/issues/686
  //
  BSONArrayBuilder  emptyArrayBuilder;
  BSONArrayBuilder  nulledArrayBuilder;

  nulledArrayBuilder.appendNull();

  // We are using the $cond: [ .. ] and not the $cond: { .. } one, as the former is the only one valid in MongoDB 2.4
  BSONObj projection = BSON(
    "$project" << BSON(
      ENT_ATTRNAMES << BSON(
        "$cond" << BSON_ARRAY(
          BSON("$eq" << BSON_ARRAY(S_ATTRNAMES << emptyArrayBuilder.arr()) ) <<
          nulledArrayBuilder.arr() <<
          S_ATTRNAMES
        )
      )
    )
  );

  BSONObj cmd = BSON("aggregate" << COL_ENTITIES <<
                     "pipeline" << BSON_ARRAY(
                                              BSON("$match" << BSON(C_ID_SERVICEPATH << fillQueryServicePath(servicePathV))) <<
                                              BSON("$project" << BSON("_id" << 1 << ENT_ATTRNAMES << 1)) <<
                                              projection <<
                                              BSON("$unwind" << S_ATTRNAMES) <<
                                              BSON("$group" << BSON("_id" << CS_ID_ENTITY << "attrs" << BSON("$addToSet" << S_ATTRNAMES))) <<
                                              BSON("$sort" << BSON("_id" << 1))
                                             )
                     );

  std::string err;
  if (!runCollectionCommand(composeDatabaseName(tenant), cmd, &result, &err))
  {
    responseP->statusCode.fill(SccReceiverInternalError, err);
    reqSemGive(__FUNCTION__, "query types request", reqSemTaken);
    return SccOk;
  }

  // Processing result to build response
  LM_T(LmtMongo, ("aggregation result: %s", result.toString().c_str()));

  std::vector<BSONElement> resultsArray = getField(result, "result").Array();

  if (resultsArray.size() == 0)
  {
    responseP->statusCode.fill(SccContextElementNotFound);
    reqSemGive(__FUNCTION__, "query types request", reqSemTaken);

    return SccOk;
  }

  /* Another strategy to implement pagination is to use the $skip and $limit operators in the
   * aggregation framework. However, doing so, we don't know the total number of results, which can
   * be needed in the case of details=on (using that approach, we need to do two queries: one to get
   * the count and other to get the actual results with $skip and $limit, in the same "transaction" to
   * avoid incoherence between both if some entity type is created or deleted in the process).
   *
   * However, considering that the number of types will be small compared with the number of entities,
   * the current approach seems to be ok
   */
  for (unsigned int ix = offset; ix < MIN(resultsArray.size(), offset + limit); ++ix)
  {
    BSONObj                   resultItem  = resultsArray[ix].embeddedObject();
    EntityType*               entityType  = new EntityType(getStringField(resultItem, "_id"));
    std::vector<BSONElement>  attrsArray  = getField(resultItem, "attrs").Array();

    entityType->count = countEntities(tenant, servicePathV, entityType->type);

    if (!attrsArray[0].isNull())
    {
      for (unsigned int jx = 0; jx < attrsArray.size(); ++jx)
      {
        /* This is where NULL elements in the resulting attrs vector are pruned */
        if (attrsArray[jx].isNull())
        {
          continue;
        }

        /* Note that we need and extra query() to the database (inside attributeType() function) to get each attribute type.
         * This could be unefficient, specially if the number of attributes is large */
        std::string attrType = attributeType(tenant, servicePathV, entityType->type , attrsArray[jx].str());

        ContextAttribute* ca = new ContextAttribute(attrsArray[jx].str(), attrType, "");
        entityType->contextAttributeVector.push_back(ca);
      }
    }

    responseP->entityTypeVector.push_back(entityType);
  }

  char detailsMsg[256];
  if (responseP->entityTypeVector.size() > 0)
  {
    if (details)
    {
      snprintf(detailsMsg, sizeof(detailsMsg), "Count: %d", (int) resultsArray.size());
      responseP->statusCode.fill(SccOk, detailsMsg);
    }
    else
    {
      responseP->statusCode.fill(SccOk);
    }
  }
  else
  {
    if (details)
    {      
      snprintf(detailsMsg, sizeof(detailsMsg), "Number of types: %d. Offset is %d", (int) resultsArray.size(), offset);
      responseP->statusCode.fill(SccContextElementNotFound, detailsMsg);
    }
    else
    {
      responseP->statusCode.fill(SccContextElementNotFound);
    }
  }

  reqSemGive(__FUNCTION__, "query types request", reqSemTaken);

  return SccOk;

}