Beispiel #1
0
/*
** Evaluate a view and store its result in an ephemeral table.  The
** pWhere argument is an optional WHERE clause that restricts the
** set of rows in the view that are to be added to the ephemeral table.
*/
void sqlite3MaterializeView(
  Parse *pParse,       /* Parsing context */
  Table *pView,        /* View definition */
  Expr *pWhere,        /* Optional WHERE clause to be added */
  int iCur             /* Cursor number for ephemeral table */
){
  SelectDest dest;
  Select *pSel;
  SrcList *pFrom;
  sqlite3 *db = pParse->db;
  int iDb = sqlite3SchemaToIndex(db, pView->pSchema);
  pWhere = sqlite3ExprDup(db, pWhere, 0);
  pFrom = sqlite3SrcListAppend(db, 0, 0, 0);
  if( pFrom ){
    assert( pFrom->nSrc==1 );
    pFrom->a[0].zName = sqlite3DbStrDup(db, pView->zName);
    pFrom->a[0].zDatabase = sqlite3DbStrDup(db, db->aDb[iDb].zDbSName);
    assert( pFrom->a[0].pOn==0 );
    assert( pFrom->a[0].pUsing==0 );
  }
  pSel = sqlite3SelectNew(pParse, 0, pFrom, pWhere, 0, 0, 0, 
                          SF_IncludeHidden, 0, 0);
  sqlite3SelectDestInit(&dest, SRT_EphemTab, iCur);
  sqlite3Select(pParse, pSel, &dest);
  sqlite3SelectDelete(db, pSel);
}
Beispiel #2
0
/*
** Evaluate a view and store its result in an ephemeral table.  The
** pWhere argument is an optional WHERE clause that restricts the
** set of rows in the view that are to be added to the ephemeral table.
*/
void sqlite3MaterializeView(
  Parse *pParse,       /* Parsing context */
  Table *pView,        /* View definition */
  Expr *pWhere,        /* Optional WHERE clause to be added */
  int iCur             /* Cursor number for ephemerial table */
){
  SelectDest dest;
  Select *pDup;
  sqlite3 *db = pParse->db;

  pDup = sqlite3SelectDup(db, pView->pSelect, 0);
  if( pWhere ){
    SrcList *pFrom;
    
    pWhere = sqlite3ExprDup(db, pWhere, 0);
    pFrom = sqlite3SrcListAppend(db, 0, 0, 0);
    if( pFrom ){
      assert( pFrom->nSrc==1 );
      pFrom->a[0].zAlias = sqlite3DbStrDup(db, pView->zName);
      pFrom->a[0].pSelect = pDup;
      assert( pFrom->a[0].pOn==0 );
      assert( pFrom->a[0].pUsing==0 );
    }else{
      sqlite3SelectDelete(db, pDup);
    }
    pDup = sqlite3SelectNew(pParse, 0, pFrom, pWhere, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0);
    if( pDup ) pDup->selFlags |= SF_Materialize;
  }
  sqlite3SelectDestInit(&dest, SRT_EphemTab, iCur);
  sqlite3Select(pParse, pDup, &dest);
  sqlite3SelectDelete(db, pDup);
}
Beispiel #3
0
/*
** Evaluate a view and store its result in an ephemeral table.  The
** pWhere argument is an optional WHERE clause that restricts the
** set of rows in the view that are to be added to the ephemeral table.
*/
void sqlite3MaterializeView(
  Parse *pParse,       /* Parsing context */
  Table *pView,        /* View definition */
  Expr *pWhere,        /* Optional WHERE clause to be added */
  int iCur             /* Cursor number for ephemerial table */
){
  SelectDest dest;
  Select *pDup;
  sqlite3 *db = pParse->db;

  pDup = sqlite3SelectDup(db, pView->pSelect);
  if( pWhere ){
    SrcList *pFrom;
    Token viewName;
    
    pWhere = sqlite3ExprDup(db, pWhere);
    viewName.z = (u8*)pView->zName;
    viewName.n = (unsigned int)sqlite3Strlen30((const char*)viewName.z);
    pFrom = sqlite3SrcListAppendFromTerm(pParse, 0, 0, 0, &viewName, pDup, 0,0);
    pDup = sqlite3SelectNew(pParse, 0, pFrom, pWhere, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0);
  }
  sqlite3SelectDestInit(&dest, SRT_EphemTab, iCur);
  sqlite3Select(pParse, pDup, &dest);
  sqlite3SelectDelete(db, pDup);
}
Beispiel #4
0
/*
** Evaluate a view and store its result in an ephemeral table.  The
** pWhere argument is an optional WHERE clause that restricts the
** set of rows in the view that are to be added to the ephemeral table.
*/
void sqlite3MaterializeView(
  Parse *pParse,       /* Parsing context */
  Select *pView,       /* View definition */
  Expr *pWhere,        /* Optional WHERE clause to be added */
  int iCur             /* Cursor number for ephemerial table */
){
  SelectDest dest;
  Select *pDup;
  sqlite3 *db = pParse->db;

  pDup = sqlite3SelectDup(db, pView);
  if( pWhere ){
    SrcList *pFrom;
    
    pWhere = sqlite3ExprDup(db, pWhere);
    pFrom = sqlite3SrcListAppendFromTerm(pParse, 0, 0, 0, 0, pDup, 0, 0);
    pDup = sqlite3SelectNew(pParse, 0, pFrom, pWhere, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0);
  }
  sqlite3SelectDestInit(&dest, SRT_EphemTab, iCur);
  sqlite3Select(pParse, pDup, &dest, 0, 0, 0);
  sqlite3SelectDelete(db, pDup);
}
Beispiel #5
0
/*
** Generate an expression tree to implement the WHERE, ORDER BY,
** and LIMIT/OFFSET portion of DELETE and UPDATE statements.
**
**     DELETE FROM table_wxyz WHERE a<5 ORDER BY a LIMIT 1;
**                            \__________________________/
**                               pLimitWhere (pInClause)
*/
Expr *sqlite3LimitWhere(
  Parse *pParse,               /* The parser context */
  SrcList *pSrc,               /* the FROM clause -- which tables to scan */
  Expr *pWhere,                /* The WHERE clause.  May be null */
  ExprList *pOrderBy,          /* The ORDER BY clause.  May be null */
  Expr *pLimit,                /* The LIMIT clause.  May be null */
  Expr *pOffset,               /* The OFFSET clause.  May be null */
  char *zStmtType              /* Either DELETE or UPDATE.  For err msgs. */
){
  Expr *pWhereRowid = NULL;    /* WHERE rowid .. */
  Expr *pInClause = NULL;      /* WHERE rowid IN ( select ) */
  Expr *pSelectRowid = NULL;   /* SELECT rowid ... */
  ExprList *pEList = NULL;     /* Expression list contaning only pSelectRowid */
  SrcList *pSelectSrc = NULL;  /* SELECT rowid FROM x ... (dup of pSrc) */
  Select *pSelect = NULL;      /* Complete SELECT tree */

  /* Check that there isn't an ORDER BY without a LIMIT clause.
  */
  if( pOrderBy && (pLimit == 0) ) {
    sqlite3ErrorMsg(pParse, "ORDER BY without LIMIT on %s", zStmtType);
    goto limit_where_cleanup;
  }

  /* We only need to generate a select expression if there
  ** is a limit/offset term to enforce.
  */
  if( pLimit == 0 ) {
    /* if pLimit is null, pOffset will always be null as well. */
    assert( pOffset == 0 );
    return pWhere;
  }

  /* Generate a select expression tree to enforce the limit/offset 
  ** term for the DELETE or UPDATE statement.  For example:
  **   DELETE FROM table_a WHERE col1=1 ORDER BY col2 LIMIT 1 OFFSET 1
  ** becomes:
  **   DELETE FROM table_a WHERE rowid IN ( 
  **     SELECT rowid FROM table_a WHERE col1=1 ORDER BY col2 LIMIT 1 OFFSET 1
  **   );
  */

  pSelectRowid = sqlite3PExpr(pParse, TK_ROW, 0, 0, 0);
  if( pSelectRowid == 0 ) goto limit_where_cleanup;
  pEList = sqlite3ExprListAppend(pParse, 0, pSelectRowid);
  if( pEList == 0 ) goto limit_where_cleanup;

  /* duplicate the FROM clause as it is needed by both the DELETE/UPDATE tree
  ** and the SELECT subtree. */
  pSelectSrc = sqlite3SrcListDup(pParse->db, pSrc, 0);
  if( pSelectSrc == 0 ) {
    sqlite3ExprListDelete(pParse->db, pEList);
    goto limit_where_cleanup;
  }

  /* generate the SELECT expression tree. */
  pSelect = sqlite3SelectNew(pParse,pEList,pSelectSrc,pWhere,0,0,
                             pOrderBy,0,pLimit,pOffset);
  if( pSelect == 0 ) return 0;

  /* now generate the new WHERE rowid IN clause for the DELETE/UDPATE */
  pWhereRowid = sqlite3PExpr(pParse, TK_ROW, 0, 0, 0);
  pInClause = pWhereRowid ? sqlite3PExpr(pParse, TK_IN, pWhereRowid, 0, 0) : 0;
  sqlite3PExprAddSelect(pParse, pInClause, pSelect);
  return pInClause;

limit_where_cleanup:
  sqlite3ExprDelete(pParse->db, pWhere);
  sqlite3ExprListDelete(pParse->db, pOrderBy);
  sqlite3ExprDelete(pParse->db, pLimit);
  sqlite3ExprDelete(pParse->db, pOffset);
  return 0;
}
Beispiel #6
0
/*
** Generate an expression tree to implement the WHERE, ORDER BY,
** and LIMIT/OFFSET portion of DELETE and UPDATE statements.
**
**     DELETE FROM table_wxyz WHERE a<5 ORDER BY a LIMIT 1;
**                            \__________________________/
**                               pLimitWhere (pInClause)
*/
Expr *sqlite3LimitWhere(
  Parse *pParse,               /* The parser context */
  SrcList *pSrc,               /* the FROM clause -- which tables to scan */
  Expr *pWhere,                /* The WHERE clause.  May be null */
  ExprList *pOrderBy,          /* The ORDER BY clause.  May be null */
  Expr *pLimit,                /* The LIMIT clause.  May be null */
  char *zStmtType              /* Either DELETE or UPDATE.  For err msgs. */
){
  sqlite3 *db = pParse->db;
  Expr *pLhs = NULL;           /* LHS of IN(SELECT...) operator */
  Expr *pInClause = NULL;      /* WHERE rowid IN ( select ) */
  ExprList *pEList = NULL;     /* Expression list contaning only pSelectRowid */
  SrcList *pSelectSrc = NULL;  /* SELECT rowid FROM x ... (dup of pSrc) */
  Select *pSelect = NULL;      /* Complete SELECT tree */
  Table *pTab;

  /* Check that there isn't an ORDER BY without a LIMIT clause.
  */
  if( pOrderBy && pLimit==0 ) {
    sqlite3ErrorMsg(pParse, "ORDER BY without LIMIT on %s", zStmtType);
    sqlite3ExprDelete(pParse->db, pWhere);
    sqlite3ExprListDelete(pParse->db, pOrderBy);
    return 0;
  }

  /* We only need to generate a select expression if there
  ** is a limit/offset term to enforce.
  */
  if( pLimit == 0 ) {
    return pWhere;
  }

  /* Generate a select expression tree to enforce the limit/offset 
  ** term for the DELETE or UPDATE statement.  For example:
  **   DELETE FROM table_a WHERE col1=1 ORDER BY col2 LIMIT 1 OFFSET 1
  ** becomes:
  **   DELETE FROM table_a WHERE rowid IN ( 
  **     SELECT rowid FROM table_a WHERE col1=1 ORDER BY col2 LIMIT 1 OFFSET 1
  **   );
  */

  pTab = pSrc->a[0].pTab;
  if( HasRowid(pTab) ){
    pLhs = sqlite3PExpr(pParse, TK_ROW, 0, 0);
    pEList = sqlite3ExprListAppend(
        pParse, 0, sqlite3PExpr(pParse, TK_ROW, 0, 0)
    );
  }else{
    Index *pPk = sqlite3PrimaryKeyIndex(pTab);
    if( pPk->nKeyCol==1 ){
      const char *zName = pTab->aCol[pPk->aiColumn[0]].zName;
      pLhs = sqlite3Expr(db, TK_ID, zName);
      pEList = sqlite3ExprListAppend(pParse, 0, sqlite3Expr(db, TK_ID, zName));
    }else{
      int i;
      for(i=0; i<pPk->nKeyCol; i++){
        Expr *p = sqlite3Expr(db, TK_ID, pTab->aCol[pPk->aiColumn[i]].zName);
        pEList = sqlite3ExprListAppend(pParse, pEList, p);
      }
      pLhs = sqlite3PExpr(pParse, TK_VECTOR, 0, 0);
      if( pLhs ){
        pLhs->x.pList = sqlite3ExprListDup(db, pEList, 0);
      }
    }
  }

  /* duplicate the FROM clause as it is needed by both the DELETE/UPDATE tree
  ** and the SELECT subtree. */
  pSrc->a[0].pTab = 0;
  pSelectSrc = sqlite3SrcListDup(pParse->db, pSrc, 0);
  pSrc->a[0].pTab = pTab;
  pSrc->a[0].pIBIndex = 0;

  /* generate the SELECT expression tree. */
  pSelect = sqlite3SelectNew(pParse, pEList, pSelectSrc, pWhere, 0 ,0, 
      pOrderBy,0,pLimit
  );

  /* now generate the new WHERE rowid IN clause for the DELETE/UDPATE */
  pInClause = sqlite3PExpr(pParse, TK_IN, pLhs, 0);
  sqlite3PExprAddSelect(pParse, pInClause, pSelect);
  return pInClause;
}
Beispiel #7
0
static void updateVirtualTable(
  Parse *pParse,       
  SrcList *pSrc,       
  Table *pTab,         
  ExprList *pChanges,  
  Expr *pRowid,        
  int *aXRef,          
  Expr *pWhere         
){
  Vdbe *v = pParse->pVdbe;  
  ExprList *pEList = 0;     
  Select *pSelect = 0;      
  Expr *pExpr;              
  int ephemTab;             
  int i;                    
  int addr;                 
  int iReg;                 
  sqlite3 *db = pParse->db; 
  const char *pVTab = (const char*)sqlite3GetVTable(db, pTab);
  SelectDest dest;

  pEList = sqlite3ExprListAppend(pParse, 0, sqlite3Expr(db, TK_ID, "_rowid_"));
  if( pRowid ){
    pEList = sqlite3ExprListAppend(pParse, pEList,
                                   sqlite3ExprDup(db, pRowid, 0));
  }
  assert( pTab->iPKey<0 );
  for(i=0; i<pTab->nCol; i++){
    if( aXRef[i]>=0 ){
      pExpr = sqlite3ExprDup(db, pChanges->a[aXRef[i]].pExpr, 0);
    }else{
      pExpr = sqlite3Expr(db, TK_ID, pTab->aCol[i].zName);
    }
    pEList = sqlite3ExprListAppend(pParse, pEList, pExpr);
  }
  pSelect = sqlite3SelectNew(pParse, pEList, pSrc, pWhere, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0);
  
  assert( v );
  ephemTab = pParse->nTab++;
  sqlite3VdbeAddOp2(v, OP_OpenEphemeral, ephemTab, pTab->nCol+1+(pRowid!=0));
  sqlite3VdbeChangeP5(v, BTREE_UNORDERED);

  sqlite3SelectDestInit(&dest, SRT_Table, ephemTab);
  sqlite3Select(pParse, pSelect, &dest);

  
  iReg = ++pParse->nMem;
  pParse->nMem += pTab->nCol+1;
  addr = sqlite3VdbeAddOp2(v, OP_Rewind, ephemTab, 0);
  sqlite3VdbeAddOp3(v, OP_Column,  ephemTab, 0, iReg);
  sqlite3VdbeAddOp3(v, OP_Column, ephemTab, (pRowid?1:0), iReg+1);
  for(i=0; i<pTab->nCol; i++){
    sqlite3VdbeAddOp3(v, OP_Column, ephemTab, i+1+(pRowid!=0), iReg+2+i);
  }
  sqlite3VtabMakeWritable(pParse, pTab);
  sqlite3VdbeAddOp4(v, OP_VUpdate, 0, pTab->nCol+2, iReg, pVTab, P4_VTAB);
  sqlite3MayAbort(pParse);
  sqlite3VdbeAddOp2(v, OP_Next, ephemTab, addr+1);
  sqlite3VdbeJumpHere(v, addr);
  sqlite3VdbeAddOp2(v, OP_Close, ephemTab, 0);

  
  sqlite3SelectDelete(db, pSelect);  
}
Beispiel #8
0
/*
** Generate code for an UPDATE of a virtual table.
**
** The strategy is that we create an ephemerial table that contains
** for each row to be changed:
**
**   (A)  The original rowid of that row.
**   (B)  The revised rowid for the row. (note1)
**   (C)  The content of every column in the row.
**
** Then we loop over this ephemeral table and for each row in
** the ephermeral table call VUpdate.
**
** When finished, drop the ephemeral table.
**
** (note1) Actually, if we know in advance that (A) is always the same
** as (B) we only store (A), then duplicate (A) when pulling
** it out of the ephemeral table before calling VUpdate.
*/
static void updateVirtualTable(
  Parse *pParse,       /* The parsing context */
  SrcList *pSrc,       /* The virtual table to be modified */
  Table *pTab,         /* The virtual table */
  ExprList *pChanges,  /* The columns to change in the UPDATE statement */
  Expr *pRowid,        /* Expression used to recompute the rowid */
  int *aXRef,          /* Mapping from columns of pTab to entries in pChanges */
  Expr *pWhere         /* WHERE clause of the UPDATE statement */
){
  Vdbe *v = pParse->pVdbe;  /* Virtual machine under construction */
  ExprList *pEList = 0;     /* The result set of the SELECT statement */
  Select *pSelect = 0;      /* The SELECT statement */
  Expr *pExpr;              /* Temporary expression */
  int ephemTab;             /* Table holding the result of the SELECT */
  int i;                    /* Loop counter */
  int addr;                 /* Address of top of loop */
  int iReg;                 /* First register in set passed to OP_VUpdate */
  sqlite3 *db = pParse->db; /* Database connection */
  const char *pVTab = (const char*)sqlite3GetVTable(db, pTab);
  SelectDest dest;

  /* Construct the SELECT statement that will find the new values for
  ** all updated rows. 
  */
  pEList = sqlite3ExprListAppend(pParse, 0, sqlite3Expr(db, TK_ID, "_rowid_"));
  if( pRowid ){
    pEList = sqlite3ExprListAppend(pParse, pEList,
                                   sqlite3ExprDup(db, pRowid, 0));
  }
  assert( pTab->iPKey<0 );
  for(i=0; i<pTab->nCol; i++){
    if( aXRef[i]>=0 ){
      pExpr = sqlite3ExprDup(db, pChanges->a[aXRef[i]].pExpr, 0);
    }else{
      pExpr = sqlite3Expr(db, TK_ID, pTab->aCol[i].zName);
    }
    pEList = sqlite3ExprListAppend(pParse, pEList, pExpr);
  }
  pSelect = sqlite3SelectNew(pParse, pEList, pSrc, pWhere, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0);
  
  /* Create the ephemeral table into which the update results will
  ** be stored.
  */
  assert( v );
  ephemTab = pParse->nTab++;
  sqlite3VdbeAddOp2(v, OP_OpenEphemeral, ephemTab, pTab->nCol+1+(pRowid!=0));
  sqlite3VdbeChangeP5(v, BTREE_UNORDERED);

  /* fill the ephemeral table 
  */
  sqlite3SelectDestInit(&dest, SRT_Table, ephemTab);
  sqlite3Select(pParse, pSelect, &dest);

  /* Generate code to scan the ephemeral table and call VUpdate. */
  iReg = ++pParse->nMem;
  pParse->nMem += pTab->nCol+1;
  addr = sqlite3VdbeAddOp2(v, OP_Rewind, ephemTab, 0);
  sqlite3VdbeAddOp3(v, OP_Column,  ephemTab, 0, iReg);
  sqlite3VdbeAddOp3(v, OP_Column, ephemTab, (pRowid?1:0), iReg+1);
  for(i=0; i<pTab->nCol; i++){
    sqlite3VdbeAddOp3(v, OP_Column, ephemTab, i+1+(pRowid!=0), iReg+2+i);
  }
  sqlite3VtabMakeWritable(pParse, pTab);
  sqlite3VdbeAddOp4(v, OP_VUpdate, 0, pTab->nCol+2, iReg, pVTab, P4_VTAB);
  sqlite3MayAbort(pParse);
  sqlite3VdbeAddOp2(v, OP_Next, ephemTab, addr+1);
  sqlite3VdbeJumpHere(v, addr);
  sqlite3VdbeAddOp2(v, OP_Close, ephemTab, 0);

  /* Cleanup */
  sqlite3SelectDelete(db, pSelect);  
}
Beispiel #9
0
/*
** This function is called when an UPDATE or DELETE operation is being 
** compiled on table pTab, which is the parent table of foreign-key pFKey.
** If the current operation is an UPDATE, then the pChanges parameter is
** passed a pointer to the list of columns being modified. If it is a
** DELETE, pChanges is passed a NULL pointer.
**
** It returns a pointer to a Trigger structure containing a trigger
** equivalent to the ON UPDATE or ON DELETE action specified by pFKey.
** If the action is "NO ACTION" or "RESTRICT", then a NULL pointer is
** returned (these actions require no special handling by the triggers
** sub-system, code for them is created by fkScanChildren()).
**
** For example, if pFKey is the foreign key and pTab is table "p" in 
** the following schema:
**
**   CREATE TABLE p(pk PRIMARY KEY);
**   CREATE TABLE c(ck REFERENCES p ON DELETE CASCADE);
**
** then the returned trigger structure is equivalent to:
**
**   CREATE TRIGGER ... DELETE ON p BEGIN
**     DELETE FROM c WHERE ck = old.pk;
**   END;
**
** The returned pointer is cached as part of the foreign key object. It
** is eventually freed along with the rest of the foreign key object by 
** sqlite3FkDelete().
*/
static Trigger *fkActionTrigger(
  Parse *pParse,                  /* Parse context */
  Table *pTab,                    /* Table being updated or deleted from */
  FKey *pFKey,                    /* Foreign key to get action for */
  ExprList *pChanges              /* Change-list for UPDATE, NULL for DELETE */
){
  sqlite3 *db = pParse->db;       /* Database handle */
  int action;                     /* One of OE_None, OE_Cascade etc. */
  Trigger *pTrigger;              /* Trigger definition to return */
  int iAction = (pChanges!=0);    /* 1 for UPDATE, 0 for DELETE */

  action = pFKey->aAction[iAction];
  pTrigger = pFKey->apTrigger[iAction];

  if( action!=OE_None && !pTrigger ){
    u8 enableLookaside;           /* Copy of db->lookaside.bEnabled */
    char const *zFrom;            /* Name of child table */
    int nFrom;                    /* Length in bytes of zFrom */
    Index *pIdx = 0;              /* Parent key index for this FK */
    int *aiCol = 0;               /* child table cols -> parent key cols */
    TriggerStep *pStep = 0;        /* First (only) step of trigger program */
    Expr *pWhere = 0;             /* WHERE clause of trigger step */
    ExprList *pList = 0;          /* Changes list if ON UPDATE CASCADE */
    Select *pSelect = 0;          /* If RESTRICT, "SELECT RAISE(...)" */
    int i;                        /* Iterator variable */
    Expr *pWhen = 0;              /* WHEN clause for the trigger */

    if( locateFkeyIndex(pParse, pTab, pFKey, &pIdx, &aiCol) ) return 0;
    assert( aiCol || pFKey->nCol==1 );

    for(i=0; i<pFKey->nCol; i++){
      Token tOld = { "old", 3 };  /* Literal "old" token */
      Token tNew = { "new", 3 };  /* Literal "new" token */
      Token tFromCol;             /* Name of column in child table */
      Token tToCol;               /* Name of column in parent table */
      int iFromCol;               /* Idx of column in child table */
      Expr *pEq;                  /* tFromCol = OLD.tToCol */

      iFromCol = aiCol ? aiCol[i] : pFKey->aCol[0].iFrom;
      assert( iFromCol>=0 );
      tToCol.z = pIdx ? pTab->aCol[pIdx->aiColumn[i]].zName : "oid";
      tFromCol.z = pFKey->pFrom->aCol[iFromCol].zName;

      tToCol.n = sqlite3Strlen30(tToCol.z);
      tFromCol.n = sqlite3Strlen30(tFromCol.z);

      /* Create the expression "OLD.zToCol = zFromCol". It is important
      ** that the "OLD.zToCol" term is on the LHS of the = operator, so
      ** that the affinity and collation sequence associated with the
      ** parent table are used for the comparison. */
      pEq = sqlite3PExpr(pParse, TK_EQ,
          sqlite3PExpr(pParse, TK_DOT, 
            sqlite3PExpr(pParse, TK_ID, 0, 0, &tOld),
            sqlite3PExpr(pParse, TK_ID, 0, 0, &tToCol)
          , 0),
          sqlite3PExpr(pParse, TK_ID, 0, 0, &tFromCol)
      , 0);
      pWhere = sqlite3ExprAnd(db, pWhere, pEq);

      /* For ON UPDATE, construct the next term of the WHEN clause.
      ** The final WHEN clause will be like this:
      **
      **    WHEN NOT(old.col1 IS new.col1 AND ... AND old.colN IS new.colN)
      */
      if( pChanges ){
        pEq = sqlite3PExpr(pParse, TK_IS,
            sqlite3PExpr(pParse, TK_DOT, 
              sqlite3PExpr(pParse, TK_ID, 0, 0, &tOld),
              sqlite3PExpr(pParse, TK_ID, 0, 0, &tToCol),
              0),
            sqlite3PExpr(pParse, TK_DOT, 
              sqlite3PExpr(pParse, TK_ID, 0, 0, &tNew),
              sqlite3PExpr(pParse, TK_ID, 0, 0, &tToCol),
              0),
            0);
        pWhen = sqlite3ExprAnd(db, pWhen, pEq);
      }
  
      if( action!=OE_Restrict && (action!=OE_Cascade || pChanges) ){
        Expr *pNew;
        if( action==OE_Cascade ){
          pNew = sqlite3PExpr(pParse, TK_DOT, 
            sqlite3PExpr(pParse, TK_ID, 0, 0, &tNew),
            sqlite3PExpr(pParse, TK_ID, 0, 0, &tToCol)
          , 0);
        }else if( action==OE_SetDflt ){
          Expr *pDflt = pFKey->pFrom->aCol[iFromCol].pDflt;
          if( pDflt ){
            pNew = sqlite3ExprDup(db, pDflt, 0);
          }else{
            pNew = sqlite3PExpr(pParse, TK_NULL, 0, 0, 0);
          }
        }else{
          pNew = sqlite3PExpr(pParse, TK_NULL, 0, 0, 0);
        }
        pList = sqlite3ExprListAppend(pParse, pList, pNew);
        sqlite3ExprListSetName(pParse, pList, &tFromCol, 0);
      }
    }
    sqlite3DbFree(db, aiCol);

    zFrom = pFKey->pFrom->zName;
    nFrom = sqlite3Strlen30(zFrom);

    if( action==OE_Restrict ){
      Token tFrom;
      Expr *pRaise; 

      tFrom.z = zFrom;
      tFrom.n = nFrom;
      pRaise = sqlite3Expr(db, TK_RAISE, "foreign key constraint failed");
      if( pRaise ){
        pRaise->affinity = OE_Abort;
      }
      pSelect = sqlite3SelectNew(pParse, 
          sqlite3ExprListAppend(pParse, 0, pRaise),
          sqlite3SrcListAppend(db, 0, &tFrom, 0),
          pWhere,
          0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0
      );
      pWhere = 0;
    }

    /* Disable lookaside memory allocation */
    enableLookaside = db->lookaside.bEnabled;
    db->lookaside.bEnabled = 0;

    pTrigger = (Trigger *)sqlite3DbMallocZero(db, 
        sizeof(Trigger) +         /* struct Trigger */
        sizeof(TriggerStep) +     /* Single step in trigger program */
        nFrom + 1                 /* Space for pStep->target.z */
    );
    if( pTrigger ){
      pStep = pTrigger->step_list = (TriggerStep *)&pTrigger[1];
      pStep->target.z = (char *)&pStep[1];
      pStep->target.n = nFrom;
      memcpy((char *)pStep->target.z, zFrom, nFrom);
  
      pStep->pWhere = sqlite3ExprDup(db, pWhere, EXPRDUP_REDUCE);
      pStep->pExprList = sqlite3ExprListDup(db, pList, EXPRDUP_REDUCE);
      pStep->pSelect = sqlite3SelectDup(db, pSelect, EXPRDUP_REDUCE);
      if( pWhen ){
        pWhen = sqlite3PExpr(pParse, TK_NOT, pWhen, 0, 0);
        pTrigger->pWhen = sqlite3ExprDup(db, pWhen, EXPRDUP_REDUCE);
      }
    }

    /* Re-enable the lookaside buffer, if it was disabled earlier. */
    db->lookaside.bEnabled = enableLookaside;

    sqlite3ExprDelete(db, pWhere);
    sqlite3ExprDelete(db, pWhen);
    sqlite3ExprListDelete(db, pList);
    sqlite3SelectDelete(db, pSelect);
    if( db->mallocFailed==1 ){
      fkTriggerDelete(db, pTrigger);
      return 0;
    }
    assert( pStep!=0 );

    switch( action ){
      case OE_Restrict:
        pStep->op = TK_SELECT; 
        break;
      case OE_Cascade: 
        if( !pChanges ){ 
          pStep->op = TK_DELETE; 
          break; 
        }
      default:
        pStep->op = TK_UPDATE;
    }
    pStep->pTrig = pTrigger;
    pTrigger->pSchema = pTab->pSchema;
    pTrigger->pTabSchema = pTab->pSchema;
    pFKey->apTrigger[iAction] = pTrigger;
    pTrigger->op = (pChanges ? TK_UPDATE : TK_DELETE);
  }

  return pTrigger;
}
/*
** Generate code for an UPDATE of a virtual table.
**
** The strategy is that we create an ephemerial table that contains
** for each row to be changed:
**
**   (A)  The original rowid of that row.
**   (B)  The revised rowid for the row. (note1)
**   (C)  The content of every column in the row.
**
** Then we loop over this ephemeral table and for each row in
** the ephermeral table call VUpdate.
**
** When finished, drop the ephemeral table.
**
** (note1) Actually, if we know in advance that (A) is always the same
** as (B) we only store (A), then duplicate (A) when pulling
** it out of the ephemeral table before calling VUpdate.
*/
static void updateVirtualTable(
  Parse *pParse,       /* The parsing context */
  SrcList *pSrc,       /* The virtual table to be modified */
  Table *pTab,         /* The virtual table */
  ExprList *pChanges,  /* The columns to change in the UPDATE statement */
  Expr *pRowid,        /* Expression used to recompute the rowid */
  int *aXRef,          /* Mapping from columns of pTab to entries in pChanges */
  Expr *pWhere         /* WHERE clause of the UPDATE statement */
){
  Vdbe *v = pParse->pVdbe;  /* Virtual machine under construction */
  ExprList *pEList = 0;     /* The result set of the SELECT statement */
  Select *pSelect = 0;      /* The SELECT statement */
  Expr *pExpr;              /* Temporary expression */
  int ephemTab;             /* Table holding the result of the SELECT */
  int i;                    /* Loop counter */
  int addr;                 /* Address of top of loop */

  /* Construct the SELECT statement that will find the new values for
  ** all updated rows. 
  */
  pEList = sqlite3ExprListAppend(0, sqlite3CreateIdExpr("_rowid_"), 0);
  if( pRowid ){
    pEList = sqlite3ExprListAppend(pEList, sqlite3ExprDup(pRowid), 0);
  }
  assert( pTab->iPKey<0 );
  for(i=0; i<pTab->nCol; i++){
    if( aXRef[i]>=0 ){
      pExpr = sqlite3ExprDup(pChanges->a[aXRef[i]].pExpr);
    }else{
      pExpr = sqlite3CreateIdExpr(pTab->aCol[i].zName);
    }
    pEList = sqlite3ExprListAppend(pEList, pExpr, 0);
  }
  pSelect = sqlite3SelectNew(pEList, pSrc, pWhere, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0);
  
  /* Create the ephemeral table into which the update results will
  ** be stored.
  */
  assert( v );
  ephemTab = pParse->nTab++;
  sqlite3VdbeAddOp(v, OP_OpenEphemeral, ephemTab, pTab->nCol+1+(pRowid!=0));

  /* fill the ephemeral table 
  */
  sqlite3Select(pParse, pSelect, SRT_Table, ephemTab, 0, 0, 0, 0);

  /*
  ** Generate code to scan the ephemeral table and call VDelete and
  ** VInsert
  */
  sqlite3VdbeAddOp(v, OP_Rewind, ephemTab, 0);
  addr = sqlite3VdbeCurrentAddr(v);
  sqlite3VdbeAddOp(v, OP_Column,  ephemTab, 0);
  if( pRowid ){
    sqlite3VdbeAddOp(v, OP_Column, ephemTab, 1);
  }else{
    sqlite3VdbeAddOp(v, OP_Dup, 0, 0);
  }
  for(i=0; i<pTab->nCol; i++){
    sqlite3VdbeAddOp(v, OP_Column, ephemTab, i+1+(pRowid!=0));
  }
  pParse->pVirtualLock = pTab;
  sqlite3VdbeOp3(v, OP_VUpdate, 0, pTab->nCol+2, 
                     (const char*)pTab->pVtab, P3_VTAB);
  sqlite3VdbeAddOp(v, OP_Next, ephemTab, addr);
  sqlite3VdbeAddOp(v, OP_Close, ephemTab, 0);

  /* Cleanup */
  sqlite3SelectDelete(pSelect);  
}