Polygons
ExtrusionLoop::grow() const
{
if (this->paths.empty()) return Polygons();
// collect all the path widths
std::vector<float> widths;
for (ExtrusionPaths::const_iterator path = this->paths.begin(); path != this->paths.end(); ++path)
widths.push_back(path->width);
// grow this polygon with the minimum common width
// (this ensures vertices are grown correctly, which doesn't happen if we just
// union the paths grown individually)
const float min_width = *std::min_element(widths.begin(), widths.end());
const Polygon p = this->polygon();
Polygons pp = diff(
offset(p, +scale_(min_width/2)),
offset(p, -scale_(min_width/2))
);
// if we have thicker segments, grow them
if (min_width != *std::max_element(widths.begin(), widths.end())) {
for (ExtrusionPaths::const_iterator path = this->paths.begin(); path != this->paths.end(); ++path)
append_to(pp, path->grow());
}
return union_(pp);
}
std::string
GCode::change_layer(const Layer &layer)
{
this->layer = &layer;
this->layer_index++;
this->first_layer = (layer.id() == 0);
// avoid computing islands and overhangs if they're not needed
if (this->config.avoid_crossing_perimeters) {
ExPolygons islands;
union_(layer.slices, &islands, true);
this->avoid_crossing_perimeters.init_layer_mp(islands);
}
std::string gcode;
if (this->layer_count > 0) {
gcode += this->writer.update_progress(this->layer_index, this->layer_count);
}
coordf_t z = layer.print_z + this->config.z_offset.value; // in unscaled coordinates
if (EXTRUDER_CONFIG(retract_layer_change) && this->writer.will_move_z(z)) {
gcode += this->retract();
}
{
std::ostringstream comment;
comment << "move to next layer (" << this->layer_index << ")";
gcode += this->writer.travel_to_z(z, comment.str());
}
// forget last wiping path as wiping after raising Z is pointless
this->wipe.reset_path();
return gcode;
}
Slic3r::Polygons
union_(const Slic3r::Polygons &subject, bool safety_offset)
{
Polygons pp;
union_(subject, &pp, safety_offset);
return pp;
}
Slic3r::ExPolygons
union_ex(const Slic3r::Polygons &subject, bool safety_offset)
{
ExPolygons expp;
union_(subject, &expp, safety_offset);
return expp;
}
void simplify_polygons(const Slic3r::Polygons &subject, Slic3r::ExPolygons* retval, bool preserve_collinear)
{
PROFILE_FUNC();
if (!preserve_collinear) {
Polygons polygons;
simplify_polygons(subject, &polygons, preserve_collinear);
union_(polygons, retval);
return;
}
// convert into Clipper polygons
ClipperLib::Paths input_subject;
Slic3rMultiPoints_to_ClipperPaths(subject, &input_subject);
ClipperLib::PolyTree polytree;
ClipperLib::Clipper c;
c.PreserveCollinear(true);
c.StrictlySimple(true);
c.AddPaths(input_subject, ClipperLib::ptSubject, true);
c.Execute(ClipperLib::ctUnion, polytree, ClipperLib::pftNonZero, ClipperLib::pftNonZero);
// convert into ExPolygons
PolyTreeToExPolygons(polytree, retval);
}
typename __combined<set<T>, U, Types...>::type
set<T>::union_(U &&other, Types &&... others) const
{
typename __combined<set<T>, U, Types...>::type tmp =
union_(std::forward<Types...>(others)...);
tmp.data->insert(other.begin(), other.end());
return tmp;
}
Slic3r::Polygons
union_(const Slic3r::ExPolygons &subject1, const Slic3r::ExPolygons &subject2, bool safety_offset)
{
Polygons pp;
for (Slic3r::ExPolygons::const_iterator it = subject1.begin(); it != subject1.end(); ++it) {
Polygons spp = *it;
pp.insert(pp.end(), spp.begin(), spp.end());
}
for (Slic3r::ExPolygons::const_iterator it = subject2.begin(); it != subject2.end(); ++it) {
Polygons spp = *it;
pp.insert(pp.end(), spp.begin(), spp.end());
}
Polygons retval;
union_(pp, &retval, safety_offset);
return retval;
}
void union_persons(int n,
char (*persons)[MAX_PERSON_NAME_LENGTH],
int *ancestors)
{
int i, a_idx, b_idx;
char a_name[MAX_PERSON_NAME_LENGTH], b_name[MAX_PERSON_NAME_LENGTH];
for (i = 0; i < n; i++) {
scanf("%s %s", a_name, b_name);
/* TODO Error handling here. */
a_idx = find_person(a_name, persons);
b_idx = find_person(b_name, persons);
union_(a_idx, b_idx, ancestors);
}
}
set<typename __combined<T, U>::type> set<T>::
operator|(set<U> const &other) const
{
return union_(other);
}
none_type set<T>::update(Types &&... others)
{
*this = union_(std::forward<Types>(others)...);
return {};
}
void union_(const Slic3r::Polygons &subject1, const Slic3r::Polygons &subject2, Slic3r::Polygons* retval, bool safety_offset)
{
Polygons pp = subject1;
pp.insert(pp.end(), subject2.begin(), subject2.end());
union_(pp, retval, safety_offset);
}
void
BridgeDetector::coverage(double angle, Polygons* coverage) const
{
// Clone our expolygon and rotate it so that we work with vertical lines.
ExPolygon expolygon = this->expolygon;
expolygon.rotate(PI/2.0 - angle, Point(0,0));
/* Outset the bridge expolygon by half the amount we used for detecting anchors;
we'll use this one to generate our trapezoids and be sure that their vertices
are inside the anchors and not on their contours leading to false negatives. */
ExPolygons grown;
offset(expolygon, &grown, this->extrusion_width/2.0);
// Compute trapezoids according to a vertical orientation
Polygons trapezoids;
for (ExPolygons::const_iterator it = grown.begin(); it != grown.end(); ++it)
it->get_trapezoids2(&trapezoids, PI/2.0);
// get anchors, convert them to Polygons and rotate them too
Polygons anchors;
for (ExPolygons::const_iterator anchor = this->_anchors.begin(); anchor != this->_anchors.end(); ++anchor) {
Polygons pp = *anchor;
for (Polygons::iterator p = pp.begin(); p != pp.end(); ++p)
p->rotate(PI/2.0 - angle, Point(0,0));
anchors.insert(anchors.end(), pp.begin(), pp.end());
}
Polygons covered;
for (Polygons::const_iterator trapezoid = trapezoids.begin(); trapezoid != trapezoids.end(); ++trapezoid) {
Lines lines = trapezoid->lines();
Lines supported;
intersection(lines, anchors, &supported);
// not nice, we need a more robust non-numeric check
for (size_t i = 0; i < supported.size(); ++i) {
if (supported[i].length() < this->extrusion_width) {
supported.erase(supported.begin() + i);
i--;
}
}
if (supported.size() >= 2) covered.push_back(*trapezoid);
}
// merge trapezoids and rotate them back
Polygons _coverage;
union_(covered, &_coverage);
for (Polygons::iterator p = _coverage.begin(); p != _coverage.end(); ++p)
p->rotate(-(PI/2.0 - angle), Point(0,0));
// intersect trapezoids with actual bridge area to remove extra margins
// and append it to result
intersection(_coverage, this->expolygon, coverage);
/*
if (0) {
my @lines = map @{$_->lines}, @$trapezoids;
$_->rotate(-(PI/2 - $angle), [0,0]) for @lines;
require "Slic3r/SVG.pm";
Slic3r::SVG::output(
"coverage_" . rad2deg($angle) . ".svg",
expolygons => [$self->expolygon],
green_expolygons => $self->_anchors,
red_expolygons => $coverage,
lines => \@lines,
);
}
*/
}
void
SVGExport::writeSVG(const std::string &outputfile)
{
// align to origin taking raft into account
BoundingBoxf3 bb = this->mesh.bounding_box();
if (this->config.raft_layers > 0) {
bb.min.x -= this->config.raft_offset.value;
bb.min.y -= this->config.raft_offset.value;
bb.max.x += this->config.raft_offset.value;
bb.max.y += this->config.raft_offset.value;
}
this->mesh.translate(-bb.min.x, -bb.min.y, -bb.min.z); // align to origin
bb.translate(-bb.min.x, -bb.min.y, -bb.min.z); // align to origin
const Sizef3 size = bb.size();
// if we are generating a raft, first_layer_height will not affect mesh slicing
const float lh = this->config.layer_height.value;
const float first_lh = this->config.first_layer_height.value;
// generate the list of Z coordinates for mesh slicing
// (we slice each layer at half of its thickness)
std::vector<float> slice_z, layer_z;
{
const float first_slice_lh = (this->config.raft_layers > 0) ? lh : first_lh;
slice_z.push_back(first_slice_lh/2);
layer_z.push_back(first_slice_lh);
}
while (layer_z.back() + lh/2 <= this->mesh.stl.stats.max.z) {
slice_z.push_back(layer_z.back() + lh/2);
layer_z.push_back(layer_z.back() + lh);
}
// perform the slicing
std::vector<ExPolygons> layers;
TriangleMeshSlicer(&this->mesh).slice(slice_z, &layers);
// generate a solid raft if requested
if (this->config.raft_layers > 0) {
ExPolygons raft = offset_ex(layers.front(), scale_(this->config.raft_offset));
for (int i = this->config.raft_layers; i >= 1; --i) {
layer_z.insert(layer_z.begin(), first_lh + lh * (i-1));
layers.insert(layers.begin(), raft);
}
// prepend total raft height to all sliced layers
for (int i = this->config.raft_layers; i < layer_z.size(); ++i)
layer_z[i] += first_lh + lh * (this->config.raft_layers-1);
}
// generate support material
std::vector<Points> support_material(layers.size());
if (this->config.support_material) {
// generate a grid of points according to the configured spacing,
// covering the entire object bounding box
Points support_material_points;
for (coordf_t x = bb.min.x; x <= bb.max.x; x += this->config.support_material_spacing) {
for (coordf_t y = bb.min.y; y <= bb.max.y; y += this->config.support_material_spacing) {
support_material_points.push_back(Point(scale_(x), scale_(y)));
}
}
// check overhangs, starting from the upper layer, and detect which points apply
// to each layer
ExPolygons overhangs;
for (int i = layer_z.size()-1; i >= 0; --i) {
overhangs = diff_ex(union_(overhangs, layers[i+1]), layers[i]);
for (Points::const_iterator it = support_material_points.begin(); it != support_material_points.end(); ++it) {
for (ExPolygons::const_iterator e = overhangs.begin(); e != overhangs.end(); ++e) {
if (e->contains(*it)) {
support_material[i].push_back(*it);
break;
}
}
}
}
}
double support_material_radius = this->config.support_material_extrusion_width.get_abs_value(this->config.layer_height)/2;
FILE* f = fopen(outputfile.c_str(), "w");
fprintf(f,
"<?xml version=\"1.0\" encoding=\"UTF-8\" standalone=\"yes\"?>\n"
"<!DOCTYPE svg PUBLIC \"-//W3C//DTD SVG 1.0//EN\" \"http://www.w3.org/TR/2001/REC-SVG-20010904/DTD/svg10.dtd\">\n"
"<svg width=\"%f\" height=\"%f\" xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" xmlns:svg=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\" xmlns:slic3r=\"http://slic3r.org/namespaces/slic3r\" viewport-fill=\"black\">\n"
"<!-- Generated using Slic3r %s http://slic3r.org/ -->\n"
, size.x, size.y, SLIC3R_VERSION);
for (size_t i = 0; i < layer_z.size(); ++i) {
fprintf(f, "\t<g id=\"layer%zu\" slic3r:z=\"%0.4f\">\n", i, layer_z[i]);
for (ExPolygons::const_iterator it = layers[i].begin(); it != layers[i].end(); ++it) {
std::string pd;
Polygons pp = *it;
for (Polygons::const_iterator mp = pp.begin(); mp != pp.end(); ++mp) {
std::ostringstream d;
d << "M ";
for (Points::const_iterator p = mp->points.begin(); p != mp->points.end(); ++p) {
d << unscale(p->x) << " ";
d << unscale(p->y) << " ";
}
d << "z";
pd += d.str() + " ";
}
fprintf(f,"\t\t<path d=\"%s\" style=\"fill: %s; stroke: %s; stroke-width: %s; fill-type: evenodd\" slic3r:area=\"%0.4f\" />\n",
pd.c_str(), "white", "black", "0", unscale(unscale(it->area()))
);
}
for (Points::const_iterator it = support_material[i].begin(); it != support_material[i].end(); ++it) {
fprintf(f,"\t\t<circle cx=\"%f\" cy=\"%f\" r=\"%f\" stroke-width=\"0\" fill=\"white\" slic3r:type=\"support\" />\n",
unscale(it->x), unscale(it->y), support_material_radius
);
}
fprintf(f,"\t</g>\n");
}
fprintf(f,"</svg>\n");
}
/// The LayerRegion at this point of time may contain
/// surfaces of various types (internal/bridge/top/bottom/solid).
/// The infills are generated on the groups of surfaces with a compatible type.
/// Fills an array of ExtrusionPathCollection objects containing the infills generated now
/// and the thin fills generated by generate_perimeters().
void
LayerRegion::make_fill()
{
this->fills.clear();
const double fill_density = this->region()->config.fill_density;
const Flow infill_flow = this->flow(frInfill);
const Flow solid_infill_flow = this->flow(frSolidInfill);
const Flow top_solid_infill_flow = this->flow(frTopSolidInfill);
const coord_t perimeter_spacing = this->flow(frPerimeter).scaled_spacing();
SurfaceCollection surfaces;
// merge adjacent surfaces
// in case of bridge surfaces, the ones with defined angle will be attached to the ones
// without any angle (shouldn't this logic be moved to process_external_surfaces()?)
{
Polygons polygons_bridged;
polygons_bridged.reserve(this->fill_surfaces.surfaces.size());
for (Surfaces::const_iterator it = this->fill_surfaces.surfaces.begin(); it != this->fill_surfaces.surfaces.end(); ++it)
if (it->is_bridge() && it->bridge_angle >= 0)
append_to(polygons_bridged, (Polygons)*it);
// group surfaces by distinct properties (equal surface_type, thickness, thickness_layers, bridge_angle)
// group is of type SurfaceCollection
// FIXME: Use some smart heuristics to merge similar surfaces to eliminate tiny regions.
std::vector<SurfacesConstPtr> groups;
this->fill_surfaces.group(&groups);
// merge compatible solid groups (we can generate continuous infill for them)
{
// cache flow widths and patterns used for all solid groups
// (we'll use them for comparing compatible groups)
std::vector<SurfaceGroupAttrib> group_attrib(groups.size());
for (size_t i = 0; i < groups.size(); ++i) {
const Surface &surface = *groups[i].front();
// we can only merge solid non-bridge surfaces, so discard
// non-solid or bridge surfaces
if (!surface.is_solid() || surface.is_bridge()) continue;
group_attrib[i].is_solid = true;
group_attrib[i].fw = (surface.is_top()) ? top_solid_infill_flow.width : solid_infill_flow.width;
group_attrib[i].pattern = surface.is_top() ? this->region()->config.top_infill_pattern.value
: surface.is_bottom() ? this->region()->config.bottom_infill_pattern.value
: ipRectilinear;
}
// Loop through solid groups, find compatible groups and append them to this one.
for (size_t i = 0; i < groups.size(); ++i) {
if (!group_attrib[i].is_solid)
continue;
for (size_t j = i + 1; j < groups.size();) {
if (group_attrib[i] == group_attrib[j]) {
// groups are compatible, merge them
append_to(groups[i], groups[j]);
groups.erase(groups.begin() + j);
group_attrib.erase(group_attrib.begin() + j);
} else {
++j;
}
}
}
}
// Give priority to oriented bridges. Process the bridges in the first round, the rest of the surfaces in the 2nd round.
for (size_t round = 0; round < 2; ++ round) {
for (std::vector<SurfacesConstPtr>::const_iterator it_group = groups.begin(); it_group != groups.end(); ++ it_group) {
const SurfacesConstPtr &group = *it_group;
const bool is_oriented_bridge = group.front()->is_bridge() && group.front()->bridge_angle >= 0;
if (is_oriented_bridge != (round == 0))
continue;
// Make a union of polygons defining the infiill regions of a group, use a safety offset.
Polygons union_p = union_(to_polygons(group), true);
// Subtract surfaces having a defined bridge_angle from any other, use a safety offset.
if (!is_oriented_bridge && !polygons_bridged.empty())
union_p = diff(union_p, polygons_bridged, true);
// subtract any other surface already processed
//FIXME Vojtech: Because the bridge surfaces came first, they are subtracted twice!
surfaces.append(
diff_ex(union_p, to_polygons(surfaces), true),
*group.front() // template
);
}
}
}
// we need to detect any narrow surfaces that might collapse
// when adding spacing below
// such narrow surfaces are often generated in sloping walls
// by bridge_over_infill() and combine_infill() as a result of the
// subtraction of the combinable area from the layer infill area,
// which leaves small areas near the perimeters
// we are going to grow such regions by overlapping them with the void (if any)
// TODO: detect and investigate whether there could be narrow regions without
// any void neighbors
{
coord_t distance_between_surfaces = std::max(
std::max(infill_flow.scaled_spacing(), solid_infill_flow.scaled_spacing()),
top_solid_infill_flow.scaled_spacing()
);
Polygons surfaces_polygons = (Polygons)surfaces;
Polygons collapsed = diff(
surfaces_polygons,
offset2(surfaces_polygons, -distance_between_surfaces/2, +distance_between_surfaces/2),
true
);
Polygons to_subtract;
surfaces.filter_by_type((stInternal | stVoid), &to_subtract);
append_to(to_subtract, collapsed);
surfaces.append(
intersection_ex(
offset(collapsed, distance_between_surfaces),
to_subtract,
true
),
(stInternal | stSolid)
);
}
if (false) {
// require "Slic3r/SVG.pm";
// Slic3r::SVG::output("fill_" . $layerm->print_z . ".svg",
// expolygons => [ map $_->expolygon, grep !$_->is_solid, @surfaces ],
// red_expolygons => [ map $_->expolygon, grep $_->is_solid, @surfaces ],
// );
}
for (Surfaces::const_iterator surface_it = surfaces.surfaces.begin();
surface_it != surfaces.surfaces.end(); ++surface_it) {
const Surface &surface = *surface_it;
if (surface.surface_type == (stInternal | stVoid))
continue;
InfillPattern fill_pattern = this->region()->config.fill_pattern.value;
double density = fill_density;
FlowRole role = (surface.is_top()) ? frTopSolidInfill
: surface.is_solid() ? frSolidInfill
: frInfill;
const bool is_bridge = this->layer()->id() > 0 && surface.is_bridge();
if (surface.is_solid()) {
density = 100.;
fill_pattern = (surface.is_top()) ? this->region()->config.top_infill_pattern.value
: (surface.is_bottom() && !is_bridge) ? this->region()->config.bottom_infill_pattern.value
: ipRectilinear;
} else if (density <= 0)
continue;
// get filler object
#if SLIC3R_CPPVER >= 11
std::unique_ptr<Fill> f = std::unique_ptr<Fill>(Fill::new_from_type(fill_pattern));
#else
std::auto_ptr<Fill> f = std::auto_ptr<Fill>(Fill::new_from_type(fill_pattern));
#endif
// switch to rectilinear if this pattern doesn't support solid infill
if (density > 99 && !f->can_solid())
#if SLIC3R_CPPVER >= 11
f = std::unique_ptr<Fill>(Fill::new_from_type(ipRectilinear));
#else
f = std::auto_ptr<Fill>(Fill::new_from_type(ipRectilinear));
#endif
f->bounding_box = this->layer()->object()->bounding_box();
// calculate the actual flow we'll be using for this infill
coordf_t h = (surface.thickness == -1) ? this->layer()->height : surface.thickness;
Flow flow = this->region()->flow(
role,
h,
is_bridge || f->use_bridge_flow(), // bridge flow?
this->layer()->id() == 0, // first layer?
-1, // auto width
*this->layer()->object()
);
// calculate flow spacing for infill pattern generation
bool using_internal_flow = false;
if (!surface.is_solid() && !is_bridge) {
// it's internal infill, so we can calculate a generic flow spacing
// for all layers, for avoiding the ugly effect of
// misaligned infill on first layer because of different extrusion width and
// layer height
Flow internal_flow = this->region()->flow(
frInfill,
h, // use the calculated surface thickness here for internal infill instead of the layer height to account for infill_every_layers
false, // no bridge
false, // no first layer
-1, // auto width
*this->layer()->object()
);
f->min_spacing = internal_flow.spacing();
using_internal_flow = true;
} else {
f->min_spacing = flow.spacing();
}
f->endpoints_overlap = scale_(this->region()->config.get_abs_value("infill_overlap",
(unscale(perimeter_spacing) + (f->min_spacing))/2));
f->layer_id = this->layer()->id();
f->z = this->layer()->print_z;
f->angle = Geometry::deg2rad(this->region()->config.fill_angle.value);
// Maximum length of the perimeter segment linking two infill lines.
f->link_max_length = (!is_bridge && density > 80)
? scale_(3 * f->min_spacing)
: 0;
// Used by the concentric infill pattern to clip the loops to create extrusion paths.
f->loop_clipping = scale_(flow.nozzle_diameter) * LOOP_CLIPPING_LENGTH_OVER_NOZZLE_DIAMETER;
// apply half spacing using this flow's own spacing and generate infill
f->density = density/100;
f->dont_adjust = false;
/*
std::cout << surface.expolygon.dump_perl() << std::endl
<< " layer_id: " << f->layer_id << " z: " << f->z
<< " angle: " << f->angle << " min-spacing: " << f->min_spacing
<< " endpoints_overlap: " << f->endpoints_overlap << std::endl << std::endl;
*/
Polylines polylines = f->fill_surface(surface);
if (polylines.empty())
continue;
// calculate actual flow from spacing (which might have been adjusted by the infill
// pattern generator)
if (using_internal_flow) {
// if we used the internal flow we're not doing a solid infill
// so we can safely ignore the slight variation that might have
// been applied to f->spacing()
} else {
flow = Flow::new_from_spacing(f->spacing(), flow.nozzle_diameter, h, is_bridge || f->use_bridge_flow());
}
// Save into layer.
ExtrusionEntityCollection* coll = new ExtrusionEntityCollection();
coll->no_sort = f->no_sort();
this->fills.entities.push_back(coll);
{
ExtrusionRole role;
if (is_bridge) {
role = erBridgeInfill;
} else if (surface.is_solid()) {
role = (surface.is_top()) ? erTopSolidInfill : erSolidInfill;
} else {
role = erInternalInfill;
}
ExtrusionPath templ(role);
templ.mm3_per_mm = flow.mm3_per_mm();
templ.width = flow.width;
templ.height = flow.height;
coll->append(STDMOVE(polylines), templ);
}
}
// add thin fill regions
// thin_fills are of C++ Slic3r::ExtrusionEntityCollection, perl type Slic3r::ExtrusionPath::Collection
// Unpacks the collection, creates multiple collections per path so that they will
// be individually included in the nearest neighbor search.
// The path type could be ExtrusionPath, ExtrusionLoop or ExtrusionEntityCollection.
for (ExtrusionEntitiesPtr::const_iterator thin_fill = this->thin_fills.entities.begin(); thin_fill != this->thin_fills.entities.end(); ++ thin_fill) {
ExtrusionEntityCollection* coll = new ExtrusionEntityCollection();
this->fills.entities.push_back(coll);
coll->append(**thin_fill);
}
}
