void derivedTableOptimization(SCSEP& csep)
{
    // @bug5634. replace the unused column with ConstantColumn from derived table column list,
    // ExeMgr will not project ConstantColumn. Only count for local derived column.
    // subquery may carry main query derived table list for column reference, those
    // derived tables are not checked for optimization in this scope.
    CalpontSelectExecutionPlan::SelectList derivedTbList = csep->derivedTableList();

    // @bug6156. Skip horizontal optimization for no table union.
    bool horizontalOptimization = true;

    for (uint i = 0; i < derivedTbList.size(); i++)
    {
        CalpontSelectExecutionPlan* plan = dynamic_cast<CalpontSelectExecutionPlan*>(derivedTbList[i].get());
        CalpontSelectExecutionPlan::ReturnedColumnList cols = plan->returnedCols();
        vector<CalpontSelectExecutionPlan::ReturnedColumnList> unionColVec;

        // only do vertical optimization for union all
        // @bug6134. Also skip the vertical optimization for select distinct
        // because all columns need to be projected to check the distinctness.
        bool verticalOptimization = false;

        if (plan->distinctUnionNum() == 0 && !plan->distinct())
        {
            verticalOptimization = true;

            for (uint j = 0; j < plan->unionVec().size(); j++)
            {
                unionColVec.push_back(
                    dynamic_cast<CalpontSelectExecutionPlan*>(plan->unionVec()[j].get())->returnedCols());
            }
        }

        if (plan->tableList().empty())
            horizontalOptimization = false;

        for (uint j = 0; j < plan->unionVec().size(); j++)
        {
            if (dynamic_cast<CalpontSelectExecutionPlan*>(plan->unionVec()[j].get())->tableList().empty())
            {
                horizontalOptimization = false;
                break;
            }
        }

        if (verticalOptimization)
        {
            int64_t val = 1;

            for (uint i = 0; i < cols.size(); i++)
            {
                //if (cols[i]->derivedTable().empty())
                if (cols[i]->refCount() == 0)
                {
                    if (cols[i]->derivedRefCol())
                        cols[i]->derivedRefCol()->decRefCount();

                    cols[i].reset(new ConstantColumn(val));

                    for (uint j = 0; j < unionColVec.size(); j++)
                        unionColVec[j][i].reset(new ConstantColumn(val));
                }
            }

            // set back
            plan->returnedCols(cols);

            for (uint j = 0; j < unionColVec.size(); j++)
                dynamic_cast<CalpontSelectExecutionPlan*>(plan->unionVec()[j].get())->returnedCols(unionColVec[j]);
        }
    }

    /*
     * @bug5635. Move filters that only belongs to a derived table to inside the derived table.
     * 1. parse tree walk to populate derivedTableFilterMap and set null candidate on the tree.
     * 2. remove the null filters
     * 3. and the filters of derivedTableFilterMap and append to the WHERE filter of the derived table
     *
     * Note:
     * 1. Subquery filters is ignored because derived table can not be in subquery
     * 2. While walking tree, whenever a single derive simplefilter is encountered,
     * this filter is pushed to the corresponding stack
     * 2. Whenever an OR operator is encountered, all the filter stack of
     * that OR involving derived table are emptied and null candidate of each
     * stacked filter needs to be reset (not null)
     */
    ParseTree* pt = csep->filters();
    map<string, ParseTree*> derivedTbFilterMap;

    if (horizontalOptimization && pt)
    {
        pt->walk(setDerivedTable);
        setDerivedFilter(pt, derivedTbFilterMap, derivedTbList);
        csep->filters(pt);
    }

    // AND the filters of individual stack to the derived table filter tree
    // @todo union filters.
    // @todo outer join complication
    map<string, ParseTree*>::iterator mapIt;

    for (uint i = 0; i < derivedTbList.size(); i++)
    {
        CalpontSelectExecutionPlan* plan = dynamic_cast<CalpontSelectExecutionPlan*>(derivedTbList[i].get());
        CalpontSelectExecutionPlan::ReturnedColumnList derivedColList = plan->returnedCols();
        mapIt = derivedTbFilterMap.find(plan->derivedTbAlias());

        if (mapIt != derivedTbFilterMap.end())
        {
            // replace all derived column of this filter with real column from
            // derived table projection list.
            ParseTree* mainFilter = new ParseTree();
            mainFilter->copyTree(*(mapIt->second));
            replaceRefCol(mainFilter, derivedColList);
            ParseTree* derivedFilter = plan->filters();

            if (derivedFilter)
            {
                LogicOperator* op = new LogicOperator("and");
                ParseTree* filter = new ParseTree(op);
                filter->left(derivedFilter);
                filter->right(mainFilter);
                plan->filters(filter);
            }
            else
            {
                plan->filters(mainFilter);
            }

            // union filter handling
            for (uint j = 0; j < plan->unionVec().size(); j++)
            {
                CalpontSelectExecutionPlan* unionPlan =
                    dynamic_cast<CalpontSelectExecutionPlan*>(plan->unionVec()[j].get());
                CalpontSelectExecutionPlan::ReturnedColumnList unionColList = unionPlan->returnedCols();
                ParseTree* mainFilterForUnion = new ParseTree();
                mainFilterForUnion->copyTree(*(mapIt->second));
                replaceRefCol(mainFilterForUnion, unionColList);
                ParseTree* unionFilter = unionPlan->filters();

                if (unionFilter)
                {
                    LogicOperator* op = new LogicOperator("and");
                    ParseTree* filter = new ParseTree(op);
                    filter->left(unionFilter);
                    filter->right(mainFilterForUnion);
                    unionPlan->filters(filter);
                }
                else
                {
                    unionPlan->filters(mainFilterForUnion);
                }
            }
        }
    }

    // clean derivedTbFilterMap because all the filters are copied
    for ( mapIt = derivedTbFilterMap.begin(); mapIt != derivedTbFilterMap.end(); ++mapIt )
        delete (*mapIt).second;

    // recursively process the nested derived table
    for (uint i = 0; i < csep->subSelectList().size(); i++)
    {
        SCSEP subselect(boost::dynamic_pointer_cast<CalpontSelectExecutionPlan>(csep->subSelectList()[i]));
        derivedTableOptimization(subselect);
    }
}
ParseTree* setDerivedFilter(ParseTree*& n, map<string, ParseTree*>& filterMap,
                            CalpontSelectExecutionPlan::SelectList& derivedTbList)
{
    if (!(n->derivedTable().empty()))
    {
        // @todo replace virtual column of n to real column
        // all simple columns should belong to the same derived table
        CalpontSelectExecutionPlan* csep = NULL;

        for (uint i = 0; i < derivedTbList.size(); i++)
        {
            CalpontSelectExecutionPlan* plan = dynamic_cast<CalpontSelectExecutionPlan*>(derivedTbList[i].get());

            if (plan->derivedTbAlias() == n->derivedTable())
            {
                csep = plan;
                break;
            }
        }

        // should never be null; if null then give up optimization.
        if (!csep)
            return n;

        // 2. push the filter to the derived table filter stack, or 'and' with
        // the filters in the stack
        map<string, ParseTree*>::iterator mapIter = filterMap.find(n->derivedTable());

        if ( mapIter == filterMap.end())
        {
            filterMap.insert(pair<string, ParseTree*>(n->derivedTable(), n));
        }
        else
        {
            ParseTree* pt = new ParseTree(new LogicOperator("and"));
            pt->left(mapIter->second);
            pt->right(n);
            mapIter->second = pt;
        }

        int64_t val = 1;
        n = new ParseTree(new ConstantColumn(val));
    }
    else
    {
        Operator* op = dynamic_cast<Operator*>(n->data());

        if (op && (op->op() == OP_OR || op->op() == OP_XOR))
        {
            return n;
        }
        else
        {
            ParseTree* lhs = n->left();
            ParseTree* rhs = n->right();

            if (lhs)
                n->left(setDerivedFilter(lhs, filterMap, derivedTbList));

            if (rhs)
                n->right(setDerivedFilter(rhs, filterMap, derivedTbList));
        }
    }

    return n;
}