/* MS: 0 ok, 3 user aborted, 4 fatal error, 5 not confirmed */
void Exit(int mserror, int fderror)
{
if ((mserror==3) || (mserror==4)) { /* aborted by user / fatal error? */
Lock_Unlock_Drive(0); /* remove inner lock */
Lock_Unlock_Drive(0); /* remove outer lock */
/* if there were less locks than unlocks, no problem: checked below. */
}
#ifdef __FORMAT_DEBUG__
exit(fderror); /* use the "verbose errorlevel" */
#endif
if (mserror==4) /* "fatal error"? */
printf(" [Code %d]\n", fderror);
exit(mserror); /* use the "normal errorlevel" */
} /* Exit */
/*
/////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
// MAIN ROUTINE
/////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
*/
void main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
int ch;
int index;
int n;
int found_format_sectors_per_track = 0;
int found_format_heads = 0;
#define MIRROR 1
#define UNFORMAT 2
#define WHAT_FORMAT 1 /* new 0.91p, for custom "... completed" messages */
#define WHAT_QUICK 2
#define WHAT_SAFE 3
#define WHAT_UN 4
#define WHAT_MIRROR 5
int what_completed = 0; /* new 0.91p */
int special = 0; /* mirror / unformat mode indicator */
int align = 1; /* new 0.91m */
int drive_letter_found = FALSE;
Initialization();
param.n = FALSE;
param.t = FALSE;
param.v = FALSE;
param.q = FALSE;
param.u = FALSE;
param.b = FALSE;
param.s = FALSE;
param.f = FALSE;
param.one = FALSE;
param.four = FALSE;
param.eight = FALSE;
debug_prog = FALSE;
/* if FORMAT is typed without any options */
if (argc == 1)
{
Display_Help_Screen(0); /* SHORT version */
Exit(2,2); /* Exit(0,1); pre 0.91v */
}
/* (jh) check command line */
while ( (index = getopt (argc, argv, "V:v:Z:z:QqUuBbSsYyAa148F:f:T:t:N:n:/")) != EOF)
{
switch(index)
{
case 'V':
case 'v':
param.v = TRUE;
/* avoid overflow of param.volume_label (12 chars) */
/* need to skip over first character (':') */
strncpy (param.volume_label, optarg+1, 11);
param.volume_label[11] = '\0';
for (n = 0; param.volume_label[n] != '\0'; n++)
{
ch = param.volume_label[n];
if (!isLabelChar (ch)) /* new valid-character check 0.91u */
{
printf ("Illegal character in volume label: %c\n", ch);
printf ("Allowed chars are 0-9, A-Z, space, special / country-specific chars 128-255\n"
"and all of");
for (ch = ' '+1; ch < 128; ch++)
{
if ( (!isalnum (ch)) && (isLabelChar (ch)) )
printf (" %c", ch);
} /* enumerate legal chars */
printf ("\nbut no control chars and none of");
for (ch = ' '+1; ch < 128; ch++)
{
if (!isLabelChar (ch))
printf (" %c", ch);
} /* enumerate illegal chars */
printf ("\n");
Exit(0,2);
} /* illegal char in label */
param.volume_label[n] = toupper (ch);
} /* check label */
break;
case 'Z': /* our getopt has no "long" support, so we use /Z:keyword */
case 'z': /* 0.91l - extra (long) options */
if (!stricmp(optarg+1,"mirror")) /* +1 to skip initial ":" */
{
special = MIRROR; /* take a new mirror data snapshot */
break;
}
if (!stricmp(optarg+1,"unformat"))
{
special = UNFORMAT; /* revert to mirrored state, dangerous! */
break;
}
if (!stricmp(optarg+1,"seriously"))
{
param.force_yes = TRUE + TRUE; /* User MEANS to format harddisk */
break;
}
if (!stricmp(optarg+1,"longhelp"))
{
Display_Help_Screen(1); /* LONG version */
Exit(2,2); /* Exit(0,1); pre 0.91v */
}
printf("Invalid /Z:mode - valid: MIRROR, UNFORMAT, SERIOUSLY\n");
Exit(2,2); /* Exit(0,2); pre 0.91v */
break;
case 'Q': /* quick - flush metadata only */
case 'q':
param.q = TRUE;
break;
case 'U': /* unconditional - full format */
case 'u':
param.u = TRUE;
break;
case 'B': /* reserve space for system, deprecated */
case 'b':
param.b = TRUE;
break;
case 'S': /* run SYS command */
case 's':
param.s = TRUE;
break;
case 'Y': /* assume yes for confirmations - "undocumented" */
case 'y':
if (param.force_yes == FALSE) param.force_yes = TRUE;
break;
case 'D': /* debug mode, more verbose output */
case 'd':
debug_prog = TRUE;
break;
case 'A': /* 0.91m - align mode, force FAT size to 2k*n and */
case 'a': /* so on to force data clusters to start at 4k*n */
align = 8;
break;
case '1': /* one side only */
param.one = TRUE;
break;
case '4': /* 360k disk in 1.2M drive */
param.four = TRUE;
break;
case '8': /* 8 sectors per track */
param.eight = TRUE;
break;
case 'F': /* /F:size */
case 'f': /* /F:size */
param.f = TRUE;
n = atoi (optarg + 1);
if ((n == 160) || (n == 180) || (n == 320) || (n == 360) ||
(n == 720) || (n == 1200) || (n == 1440) || (n == 2880) ||
(n == 400) || (n == 800) || (n == 1680) || (n == 3360) ||
(n == 1494) || (n == 1743) || (n == 3486))
{
param.size = n;
}
else
{
printf("Standard: 160, 180, 320, 360, 720, 1200, 1440, 2880.\n");
printf("Special: 400, 800, 1680, 3360, 1494, 1743, 3486.\n");
IllegalArg("/F",optarg);
}
break;
case 'T': /* tracks (cylinders) */
case 't': /* tracks (cylinders) */
param.t = TRUE;
n = atoi (optarg + 1);
if ((n == 40) || (n == 80) || (n == 83))
{
param.cylinders = n;
}
else
{
printf("Ok: 40, 80. ???: 83.\n");
IllegalArg("/T",optarg);
}
break;
case 'N': /* sectors per track */
case 'n': /* sectors per track */
param.n = TRUE;
n = atoi (optarg + 1);
if ((n == 8) || (n == 9) || (n == 15) || (n == 18) || (n == 36) ||
(n == 10) || (n == 21) || (n == 42))
{
param.sectors = n;
}
else
{
printf("Standard: 8, 9, 15, 18, 36.\n");
printf("Special: 10, 21, 42.\n");
IllegalArg("/N",optarg);
}
break;
case '~':
param.drive_letter[0] = toupper (optarg[0]);
param.drive_number = param.drive_letter[0] - 'A';
param.drive_letter[1] = ':';
drive_letter_found = TRUE;
break;
case '?':
Display_Help_Screen(0); /* SHORT version */
Exit(2,2); /* Exit(0,1); pre 0.91v */
case '/': /* Ignore '/' in middle of option */
break;
default:
printf("Unrecognized option: /%c\n", index);
Display_Help_Screen(0); /* SHORT version */
Exit(2,2); /* Exit(4,2); pre 0.91v */
} /* switch (index) */
} /* for all args (getopt) */
if ( (argc > optind) && (isalpha (argv[optind][0])) &&
(argv[optind][1] == ':') && (argv[optind][2] == '\0') &&
(drive_letter_found == FALSE) )
{
param.drive_letter[0] = toupper (argv[optind][0]);
param.drive_number = param.drive_letter[0] - 'A';
param.drive_letter[1] = ':';
}
else
if (drive_letter_found == FALSE)
{
printf("Must specify drive letter.\n");
Exit(0,2);
}
/* (jh) done with parsing command line */
/* if FORMAT is typed with a drive letter */
if (debug_prog==TRUE) {
printf("\n[DEBUG] FORMAT " VERSION ", selected drive %c:\n",
param.drive_letter[0]);
printf("[DEBUG] Sector buffer at %04x:%04x, track buffer at %04x:%04x\n",
FP_SEG(sector_buffer), FP_OFF(sector_buffer),
FP_SEG(huge_sector_buffer), FP_OFF(huge_sector_buffer) );
/* moved this message to this place in 0.91s */
}
/* 0.91t - abort if subst, join, assign or remote drives */
Check_Remote_Subst(); /* only has to be invoked once */
/* Set the type of disk */
if (param.drive_number>1)
param.drive_type=HARD;
else
param.drive_type=FLOPPY;
/* *** TODO: complain about ANY size determination if type HARD *** */
/* Ensure that valid switch combinations were entered */
if ( (param.b==TRUE) && (param.s==TRUE) )
Display_Invalid_Combination();
/* cannot reserve space for SYS and actually SYS at the same time */
if ( (param.v==TRUE) && (param.eight==TRUE) )
Display_Invalid_Combination();
/* no label allowed if 160k / 320k */
if ( ( (param.one==TRUE) || (param.four==TRUE) /* 360k in 1.2M drive */ ) &&
( (param.f==TRUE) || (param.t==TRUE) || (param.n==TRUE) ) )
Display_Invalid_Combination();
/* cannot combine size/track/sector override with 1-sided / 360k */
if ( ( (param.t==TRUE) && (param.n!=TRUE) ) ||
( (param.n==TRUE) && (param.t!=TRUE) ) )
{
printf("You cannot combine /T and /N.\n");
Display_Invalid_Combination();
/* you must give BOTH track and sector arguments if giving either */
}
if ( (param.f==TRUE) && ( (param.t==TRUE) || (param.n==TRUE) ) )
Display_Invalid_Combination();
/* you can only give EITHER size OR track/sector arguments */
#if 0
if ( ( (param.one==TRUE) || (param.four==TRUE) ) && (param.eight==TRUE) )
Display_Invalid_Combination();
/* 360k / one-sided are both not 8 sectors per track (360k is 40x2x9) */
#endif
/* we do allow /8 to reach 160k (with /1) and 320k (with /4) */
/* it is more the other way round: we do not want 8 sector/track > 320k! */
/* ... */
if (param.one==TRUE) /* one-sided: 160k and 180k only */
{
param.sides = 1;
param.cylinders = 40;
/* *** this is actually handled in Set_Floppy_Media_Type mostly *** */
}
if (param.four==TRUE) /* 360k in 1200k drive */
{
param.cylinders = 40;
param.sectors = 9;
}
if (param.eight==TRUE) /* DOS 1.0 formats: 160k and 320k only */
{
param.sectors = 8;
}
Lock_Unlock_Drive(1); /* lock drive (needed in Win9x / DOS 7.x) */
/* FIRST lock, file system still enabled. */
next_disk:
/* User interaction. */
if (param.drive_type==FLOPPY && param.force_yes==FALSE)
Ask_User_To_Insert_Disk();
if (!special)
{
if (param.drive_type==HARD && (param.force_yes!=(TRUE+TRUE)) )
Confirm_Hard_Drive_Formatting(1); /* 1 means "format" */
/* disabled harddisk "/Y" forced confirmation in 0.91b unless ZAPME -ea */
/* replaced by "/Z:seriously" in 0.91l -ea */
}
else
{
if ((param.force_yes == FALSE) && (special == UNFORMAT))
Confirm_Hard_Drive_Formatting(0); /* 0 means "unformat" - 0.91l */
/* no confirmation requested for MIRROR ! */
}
/* "optimized" a lot in 0.91h, hopefully not too much... -ea */
if ((!special) && (param.u==TRUE) && (param.q==FALSE)) /* full format / wipe? */
{
param.existing_format = FALSE; /* do not even check if /U non-/Q mode */
}
else
{
/* /Q /U clears metadata but does no format / wipe */
/* /Q -- clears metadata after backing it up */
/* -- -- works like /Q */
/* CONCLUSION: We do not really have to worry about current */
/* for harddisks in /Q /U mode (uses DOS kernel default BPB) */
if ( (param.drive_type!=FLOPPY) && (param.u==TRUE) )
{
/* no check for harddisk /U mode nor for /U /Q mode there. */
param.existing_format = FALSE;
}
else /* it is a floppy --- or no /U flag given */
{
if (debug_prog==TRUE)
{
if (special)
{
printf("[DEBUG] Checking for existing format\n");
}
else
{
if (param.drive_type==FLOPPY)
printf("[DEBUG] Checking whether we need low-level format.\n");
else
printf("[DEBUG] Checking whether UNFORMAT data can be saved.\n");
}
} /* debug_prog */
/* Check to see if the media is currently formatted. */
/* Needed for non-/U modes and for floppy disks, but in */
/* /U non-/Q mode we already assume "not formatted" anyway. */
param.existing_format = Check_For_Format(); /* trashes fat_type value! */
/* no problem, done before media type / harddisk parameter setup */
} /* check for existing format */
} /* not FORMAT /U mode */
Lock_Unlock_Drive(2); /* lock drive (needed in Win9x / DOS 7.x) */
/* SECOND lock, going lowlevel... - 0.91q */
/* Determine and set media parameters */
if (param.drive_type==FLOPPY)
{ /* <FLOPPY> */
if (param.existing_format==TRUE)
{
found_format_sectors_per_track = sector_buffer[0x18];
found_format_heads = sector_buffer[0x1a];
}
Set_Floppy_Media_Type(); /* configure hardware, set up BPB, fat_type FAT12 */
#if DETECT_FLOPPY_TWICE
if ((param.existing_format == FALSE) && (param.u==FALSE))
{
/* try finding existing format again - after setting media type */
if (debug_prog==TRUE)
printf("[DEBUG] Searching for existing format again...\n");
Lock_Unlock_Drive(0); /* re-enable filesystem access - 0.91q */
param.existing_format = Check_For_Format(); /* trashes fat_type! No prob. */
/* ... because it is done just before Set_Floppy_Media_Type */
Lock_Unlock_Drive(2); /* re-disable filesystem access - 0.91q */
Set_Floppy_Media_Type(); /* configure hardware AGAIN, set up BPB, fat_type FAT12 */
/* set media type again! - 0.91i */
if (param.existing_format==TRUE)
{
/* depends on Check_For_Format to fill sector_buffer... */
found_format_sectors_per_track = sector_buffer[0x18];
found_format_heads = sector_buffer[0x1a];
}
} /* not /U and no existing format found */
#endif /* DETECT_FLOPPY_TWICE */
/* if already formatted floppy, check whether geometry will change */
if (param.existing_format == TRUE)
{
if ( ( parameter_block.bpb.sectors_per_cylinder !=
found_format_sectors_per_track ) ||
( found_format_heads != parameter_block.bpb.number_of_heads ) )
{
printf("Will change size by formatting - forcing full format\n");
printf("Old: %d sectors per track, %d heads. New: %d sect. %d heads\n",
found_format_sectors_per_track, found_format_heads,
parameter_block.bpb.sectors_per_cylinder,
parameter_block.bpb.number_of_heads);
param.existing_format = FALSE;
}
} /* existing format */
/* if no existing format, we force full format anyway */
} /* </FLOPPY> */
else /* if harddisk: */
{ /* <HARDDISK> */
/* 0.91m: the only place where "align" is used is here, in BPB setup!!! */
Set_Hard_Drive_Media_Parameters(align); /* get default BPB etc., find FATxx fat_type */
Enable_Disk_Access();
} /* </HARDDISK>
/* *** Maybe we should have done drive setup earlier, for Check_...? *** */
if (param.existing_format == FALSE) /* details changed in 0.91h */
{
if ( (param.drive_type==FLOPPY) &&
( (param.u!=TRUE) || (param.q!=FALSE) ) )
printf("Cannot find existing format - forcing full format\n");
if ( (param.drive_type!=FLOPPY) && (param.u==FALSE) )
printf("Cannot find existing format - not saving UNFORMAT data.\n");
}
switch (special) /* 0.91l - special modes MIRROR and UNFORMAT */
{
case 0: /* do nothing special */
break;
case MIRROR: /* only update mirror data */
printf("Writing a copy of the system sectors to the end of the drive:\n");
printf("Boot sector, one FAT, root directory. Useful for UNFORMAT.\n");
#if 0 /* warning obsolete 0.91r */
// printf("WARNING: This will OVERWRITE up to %s of possibly used space!\n",
// (param.fat_type==FAT32) ? "ca. 16 MB" :
// ( (param.drive_type==FLOPPY) ? "ca. 14 kB" : "ca. 192 kB" ) );
#endif
Save_File_System(0); /* includes filesystem usage stats display */
/* 0.91r: 0 is "abort if we would damage data" -ea */
what_completed = WHAT_MIRROR; /* new 0.91p */
goto format_complete;
/* break; */
case UNFORMAT: /* only write back FAT/root/boot from mirror */
printf("Overwriting boot sector, FATs and root directory with\n");
printf("MIRROR/UNFORMAT data which you have saved earlier.\n");
Restore_File_System(); /* restore is an euphemism for what it does! */
what_completed = WHAT_UN; /* new 0.91p */
goto format_complete;
/* break; */
default:
printf("/Z:what???\n"); /* should never be reached */
} /* switch special */
/* ask for label if none given yet - 0.91r */
if ((!param.v) && (!param.force_yes))
{
param.v = (Ask_Label(param.volume_label) != 0);
/* printf("\n[%s]%s\n", param.volume_label, (param.v) ? "" : " (none)"); */
} /* ask for label */
/* Format Drive */
if ( ( (param.existing_format==FALSE) && (param.drive_type==FLOPPY) ) ||
( (param.u==TRUE) && (param.q==FALSE) ) )
{
/* /U is Unconditional Format. */
/* If floppy is unformatted or geometry changes, we must use this. */
printf(" Full Formatting (wiping all data)\n");
Unconditional_Format();
Create_File_System();
what_completed = WHAT_FORMAT; /* new 0.91p */
goto format_complete;
}
if ( ( (param.existing_format==FALSE) && (param.drive_type!=FLOPPY) ) ||
( (param.u==TRUE) && (param.q==TRUE) ) ) /* changed in 0.91h */
{
/* /Q /U is Quick Unconditional format */
/* Even unformatted harddisks do not need full "/U" format */
/* (harddisk /U format means "wipe all data, do surface scan) */
/* (harddisk LOWLEVEL format is never done by this program!) */
printf(" QuickFormatting (only flushing metadata)\n");
printf(" Warning: Resets bad cluster marks if any.\n");
Create_File_System();
what_completed = WHAT_QUICK; /* new 0.91p */
goto format_complete;
}
if ( (param.u==FALSE) /* && (param.q==TRUE) */ )
{
/* this is the default, so if no /U given, it is irrelevant */
/* whether /Q is given or not... Should trigger FULL format */
/* if existing filesystem has other size or disk needs format */
/* /Q is Safe Quick Format (checking for existing bad cluster list) */
/* -- is Safe Quick Format (the same :-)) */
printf(" Safe QuickFormatting (trying to save UnFormat data)\n");
Save_File_System(1); /* side effect: checks for existing bad clust list */
/* 0.91r: 1 is "allow trashing of data clusters" -ea */
/* (unformat data is allowed to overwrite files) */
Create_File_System();
what_completed = WHAT_SAFE; /* new 0.91p */
goto format_complete;
}
format_complete:
#if 0
// Force_Drive_Recheck(); /* must be delayed until drive unlocked - 0.91q */
#endif
if ((bad_sector_map[0]>0) && (!special))
Record_Bad_Clusters(); /* write list of bad clusters */
/* may include copied list from previous filesystem - not in special modes! */
switch (what_completed) /* new 0.91p - custom message */
{
case WHAT_FORMAT: printf("\nFormat"); break;
case WHAT_QUICK: printf("\nQuickFormat"); break;
case WHAT_SAFE: printf("\nSafe QuickFormat"); break;
case WHAT_MIRROR: printf("\nMirror"); break;
case WHAT_UN: printf("\nUnFormat"); break;
} /* switch */
printf(" complete.\n");
Lock_Unlock_Drive(0); /* unlock drive again (in Win9x / DOS 7.x) */
/* release SECOND lock: enable filesystem */
Force_Drive_Recheck(); /* just in case... - 0.91q */
Lock_Unlock_Drive(0); /* unlock drive again (in Win9x / DOS 7.x) */
/* release FIRST lock: allow full access! */
if ((param.s==TRUE) && (!special))
{
Write_System_Files(); /* call SYS */
Force_Drive_Recheck(); /* just in case... - 0.91q */
}
if (!special) Display_Drive_Statistics();
if ((param.drive_type==FLOPPY) && (param.force_yes==FALSE))
{
union REGS regs;
/* printf("\nFormat another floppy (y/n)?\n"); */
if (!special) /* or use what_completed switch / case with WHAT_...? */
write(isatty(1) ? 1 : 2, "\nFormat", 7);
else
write(isatty(1) ? 1 : 2, "\nProcess", 8);
write(isatty(1) ? 1 : 2, " another floppy (y/n)? ", 23);
/* write to STDERR to keep message visible even if STDOUT redirected */
/* Get keypress */
regs.h.ah = 0x07;
intdos(®s, ®s);
if (toupper(regs.h.al) == 'Y')
{
int bads;
printf("\n%s next floppy...\n",
special ? "Processing" : "Formatting");
drive_statistics.bad_sectors = 0;
bad_sector_map_pointer = 0;
for (bads=0; bads < MAX_BAD_SECTORS; bads++)
{
bad_sector_map[bads] = 0;
}
Lock_Unlock_Drive(1); /* lock drive (needed in Win9x / DOS 7.x) */
/* FIRST lock, file system still enabled. */
/* (second level will be entered again when we really need it...) */
param.v = FALSE; /* force asking for new label for next disk */
goto next_disk; /* *** LOOP AROUND FOR MULTIPLE FLOPPY DISKS *** */
}
printf("\n");
} /* another floppy question, possibly jumping back */
if (((debug_prog==TRUE) || (param.force_yes!=FALSE)) &&
(bad_sector_map[0]>0) && (!special))
exit(1); /* 0.91v for Alain: errorlevel 1 for "has bad clusters" */
/* (only if /z:seriously or /y or /d option active) */
exit(0); /* not using Exit() here: no dual errorlevel, no unlock */
}