Ejemplo n.º 1
0
void LALInferenceTemplateXLALSimInspiralChooseWaveform(LALInferenceModel *model)
/*************************************************************************************************************************/
/* Wrapper for LALSimulation waveforms:						                                                             */
/* XLALSimInspiralChooseFDWaveform() and XLALSimInspiralChooseTDWaveform().                                              */
/*                                                                                                                       */
/*  model->params parameters are:										                                                 */
/*  - "name" description; type OPTIONAL (default value)										                             */
/*										                                                                                 */
/*   MODEL PARAMETERS										                                                             */
/*   - "LAL_APPROXIMANT     Approximant;        Approximant                                                              */
/*   - "LAL_PNORDER"        Phase PN order;     INT4                                                                     */
/*   - "LAL_AMPORDER"       Amplitude PN order; INT4 OPTIONAL (-1)                                                       */
/*   - "spinO"              Spin order;         LALSimInspiralSpinOrder OPTIONAL (LAL_SIM_INSPIRAL_SPIN_ORDER_DEFAULT)   */
/*   - "tideO"              Tidal order;        LALSimInspiralTidalOrder OPTIONAL (LAL_SIM_INSPIRAL_TIDAL_ORDER_DEFAULT) */
/*   - "f_ref"               frequency at which the (frequency dependent) parameters are defined; REAL8 OPTIONAL (0.0)    */
/*   - "fLow"               lower frequency bound; REAL8 OPTIONAL (model->fLow)                                          */
/*                                                                                                                       */
/*   MASS PARAMETERS; either:                                                                                            */
/*      - "mass1"           mass of object 1 in solar mass; REAL8								                         */
/*      - "mass2"		        mass of object 1 in solar mass; REAL8								                     */
/*      OR                                                                                                               */
/*      - "chirpmass"       chirpmass in solar mass; REAL8                                                               */
/*      - "q"  asymmetric mass ratio m2/m1, 0<q<1; REAL8                                      */
/*      OR                                                                                                               */
/*      - "chirpmass"       chirpmass in solar mass; REAL8                                                               */
/*      - "eta"             symmetric mass ratio (m1*m2)/(m1+m2)^2; REAL8                                                */
/*                                                                                                                       */
/*   ORIENTATION AND SPIN PARAMETERS                                                                                     */
/*   - "phi0"               reference phase as per LALSimulation convention; REAL8                                       */
/*   - "distance"           distance in Mpc                                                                              */
/*   - "costheta_jn");      cos of zenith angle between J and N in radians;            REAL8                                    */
/*   - "phi_jl");        azimuthal angle of L_N on its cone about J radians; REAL8                                    */
/*   - "tilt_spin1");    zenith angle between S1 and LNhat in radians;       REAL8                                    */
/*   - "tilt_spin2");    zenith angle between S2 and LNhat in radians;       REAL8                                    */
/*   - "phi12");         difference in azimuthal angle between S1, S2 in radians;   REAL8                             */
/*   - "a_spin1"            magnitude of spin 1 in general configuration, -1<a_spin1<1; REAL8 OPTIONAL (0.0)              */
/*   - "a_spin2"            magnitude of spin 2 in general configuration, -1<a_spin1<1; REAL8 OPTIONAL (0.0)              */
/*                                                                                                                       */
/*   OTHER PARAMETERS                                                                                                    */
/*   - "lambda1"            tidal parameter of object 1; REAL8  OPTIONAL (0.0)                                           */
/*   - "lambda2"            tidal parameter of object 1; REAL8  OPTIONAL (0.0)                                           */
/*                                                                                                                       */
/*   - "time"               used as an OUTPUT only; REAL8								                                 */
/*                                                                                                                       */
/*                                                                                                                       */
/*   model needs to also contain:                                                                                        */
/*   - model->fLow Unless  - "fLow" OPTIONAL                                                                             */
/*   - model->deltaT                                                                                                     */
/*   - if model->domain == LAL_SIM_DOMAIN_FREQUENCY                                                                      */
/*      - model->deltaF                                                                                                  */
/*      - model->freqhCross                                                                                              */
/*      - model->freqhPlus                                                                                               */
/*   - else                                                                                                              */
/*      - model->timehPlus                                                                                               */
/*      - model->timehCross                                                                                              */
/*************************************************************************************************************************/
{

  Approximant approximant = (Approximant) 0;
  INT4 order=-1;
  INT4 amporder;

  static int sizeWarning = 0;
  int ret=0;
  INT4 errnum=0;
  
  REAL8TimeSeries *hplus=NULL;  /**< +-polarization waveform [returned] */
  REAL8TimeSeries *hcross=NULL; /**< x-polarization waveform [returned] */
  COMPLEX16FrequencySeries *hptilde=NULL, *hctilde=NULL;
  REAL8 mc;
  REAL8 phi0, deltaT, m1, m2, f_low, f_start, distance, inclination;
  
  REAL8 *m1_p,*m2_p;
  REAL8 deltaF, f_max;
  
  /* Sampling rate for time domain models */
  deltaT = model->deltaT;
  
  if (LALInferenceCheckVariable(model->params, "LAL_APPROXIMANT"))
    approximant = *(Approximant*) LALInferenceGetVariable(model->params, "LAL_APPROXIMANT");
  else {
    XLALPrintError(" ERROR in templateLALGenerateInspiral(): (INT4) \"LAL_APPROXIMANT\" parameter not provided!\n");
    XLAL_ERROR_VOID(XLAL_EDATA);
  }
	
  if (LALInferenceCheckVariable(model->params, "LAL_PNORDER"))
    order = *(INT4*) LALInferenceGetVariable(model->params, "LAL_PNORDER");
  else {
    XLALPrintError(" ERROR in templateLALGenerateInspiral(): (INT4) \"LAL_PNORDER\" parameter not provided!\n");
    XLAL_ERROR_VOID(XLAL_EDATA);
  }

  /* Explicitly set the default amplitude order if one is not specified.
   *   This serves two purposes:
   *     1) The default behavior of the code won't change unexpectedly due to changes in LALSimulation.
   *     2) We need to know the amplitude order in order to set the starting frequency of the waveform properly. */
  if (LALInferenceCheckVariable(model->params, "LAL_AMPORDER"))
    amporder = *(INT4*) LALInferenceGetVariable(model->params, "LAL_AMPORDER");
  else
    amporder = -1;
    
  REAL8 f_ref = 100.0;
  if (LALInferenceCheckVariable(model->params, "f_ref")) f_ref = *(REAL8 *)LALInferenceGetVariable(model->params, "f_ref");

  REAL8 fTemp = f_ref;

  if(LALInferenceCheckVariable(model->params,"chirpmass"))
    {
      mc  = *(REAL8*) LALInferenceGetVariable(model->params, "chirpmass");
      if (LALInferenceCheckVariable(model->params,"q")) {
	REAL8 q = *(REAL8 *)LALInferenceGetVariable(model->params,"q");
	q2masses(mc, q, &m1, &m2);
      } else {
	REAL8 eta = *(REAL8*) LALInferenceGetVariable(model->params, "eta");
	mc2masses(mc, eta, &m1, &m2);
      }
    }
  else if((m1_p=(REAL8 *)LALInferenceGetVariable(model->params, "mass1")) && (m2_p=(REAL8 *)LALInferenceGetVariable(model->params, "mass2")))
    {
      m1=*m1_p;
      m2=*m2_p;
    }
  else
    {
      fprintf(stderr,"No mass parameters found!");
      exit(0);
    }

  distance	= LALInferenceGetREAL8Variable(model->params,"distance")* LAL_PC_SI * 1.0e6;        /* distance (1 Mpc) in units of metres */
  
  phi0		= LALInferenceGetREAL8Variable(model->params, "phase"); /* START phase as per lalsimulation convention, radians*/
  
  /* Zenith angle between J and N in radians. Also known as inclination angle when spins are aligned */
  REAL8 thetaJN = acos(LALInferenceGetREAL8Variable(model->params, "costheta_jn"));     /* zenith angle between J and N in radians */

  /* Check if fLow is a model parameter, otherwise use data structure definition */
  if(LALInferenceCheckVariable(model->params, "flow"))
    f_low = *(REAL8*) LALInferenceGetVariable(model->params, "flow");
  else
    f_low = model->fLow;

  f_start = fLow2fStart(f_low, amporder, approximant);
  f_max = 0.0; /* for freq domain waveforms this will stop at ISCO. Previously found using model->fHigh causes NaNs in waveform (see redmine issue #750)*/

  /* ==== SPINS ==== */
  /* We will default to spinless signal and then add in the spin components if required */
  /* If there are non-aligned spins, we must convert between the System Frame coordinates
   * and the cartestian coordinates */

  /* The cartesian spin coordinates (default 0), as passed to LALSimulation */
  REAL8 spin1x = 0.0;
  REAL8 spin1y = 0.0;
  REAL8 spin1z = 0.0;
  REAL8 spin2x = 0.0;
  REAL8 spin2y = 0.0;
  REAL8 spin2z = 0.0;
  
  /* System frame coordinates as used for jump proposals */
  REAL8 a_spin1 = 0.0;  /* Magnitude of spin1 */
  REAL8 a_spin2 = 0.0;  /* Magnitude of spin2 */
  REAL8 phiJL  = 0.0;  /* azimuthal angle of L_N on its cone about J radians */ 
  REAL8 tilt1   = 0.0;  /* zenith angle between S1 and LNhat in radians */
  REAL8 tilt2   = 0.0;  /* zenith angle between S2 and LNhat in radians */
  REAL8 phi12   = 0.0;  /* difference in azimuthal angle btwn S1, S2 in radians */

  /* Now check if we have spin amplitudes */
  if(LALInferenceCheckVariable(model->params, "a_spin1"))    a_spin1   = *(REAL8*) LALInferenceGetVariable(model->params, "a_spin1");
  if(LALInferenceCheckVariable(model->params, "a_spin2"))    a_spin2   = *(REAL8*) LALInferenceGetVariable(model->params, "a_spin2");

  /* Check if we have spin angles too */
  if(LALInferenceCheckVariable(model->params, "phi_jl"))
      phiJL = LALInferenceGetREAL8Variable(model->params, "phi_jl");
  if(LALInferenceCheckVariable(model->params, "tilt_spin1"))
      tilt1 = LALInferenceGetREAL8Variable(model->params, "tilt_spin1");
  if(LALInferenceCheckVariable(model->params, "tilt_spin2"))
      tilt2 = LALInferenceGetREAL8Variable(model->params, "tilt_spin2");
  if(LALInferenceCheckVariable(model->params, "phi12"))
      phi12 = LALInferenceGetREAL8Variable(model->params, "phi12");

  /* If we have tilt angles zero, then the spins are aligned and we just set the z component */
  /* However, if the waveform supports precession then we still need to get the right coordinate components */
  SpinSupport spin_support=XLALSimInspiralGetSpinSupportFromApproximant(approximant);
  if(tilt1==0.0 && tilt2==0.0 && (spin_support==LAL_SIM_INSPIRAL_SPINLESS || spin_support==LAL_SIM_INSPIRAL_ALIGNEDSPIN))
  {
      spin1z=a_spin1;
      spin2z=a_spin2;
      inclination = thetaJN; /* Inclination angle is just thetaJN */
  }
  else
  {   /* Template is not aligned-spin only. */
      /* Set all the other spin components according to the angles we received above */
      /* The transformation function doesn't know fLow, so f_ref==0 isn't interpretted as a request to use the starting frequency for reference. */
      if(fTemp==0.0)
        fTemp = f_start;

      XLAL_TRY(ret=XLALSimInspiralTransformPrecessingNewInitialConditions(
                    &inclination, &spin1x, &spin1y, &spin1z, &spin2x, &spin2y, &spin2z,
                    thetaJN, phiJL, tilt1, tilt2, phi12, a_spin1, a_spin2, m1*LAL_MSUN_SI, m2*LAL_MSUN_SI, fTemp), errnum);
      if (ret == XLAL_FAILURE)
      {
        XLALPrintError(" ERROR in XLALSimInspiralTransformPrecessingNewInitialConditions(): error converting angles. errnum=%d\n",errnum );
        return;
      }
  }

  
  /* ==== TIDAL PARAMETERS ==== */  
  REAL8 lambda1 = 0.;
  if(LALInferenceCheckVariable(model->params, "lambda1")) lambda1 = *(REAL8*) LALInferenceGetVariable(model->params, "lambda1");
  REAL8 lambda2 = 0.;
  if(LALInferenceCheckVariable(model->params, "lambda2")) lambda2 = *(REAL8*) LALInferenceGetVariable(model->params, "lambda2");
  REAL8 lambdaT = 0.;
  REAL8 dLambdaT = 0.;
  REAL8 sym_mass_ratio_eta = 0.;
  if(LALInferenceCheckVariable(model->params, "lambdaT")&&LALInferenceCheckVariable(model->params, "dLambdaT")){
    lambdaT = *(REAL8*) LALInferenceGetVariable(model->params, "lambdaT");
    dLambdaT = *(REAL8*) LALInferenceGetVariable(model->params, "dLambdaT");
    sym_mass_ratio_eta = m1*m2/((m1+m2)*(m1+m2));
    LALInferenceLambdaTsEta2Lambdas(lambdaT,dLambdaT,sym_mass_ratio_eta,&lambda1,&lambda2);
  }


  /* Only use GR templates */
  LALSimInspiralTestGRParam *nonGRparams = NULL;
  
  

  /* ==== Call the waveform generator ==== */
  if(model->domain == LAL_SIM_DOMAIN_FREQUENCY) {
    deltaF = model->deltaF;
    
	XLAL_TRY(ret=XLALSimInspiralChooseFDWaveformFromCache(&hptilde, &hctilde, phi0,
            deltaF, m1*LAL_MSUN_SI, m2*LAL_MSUN_SI, spin1x, spin1y, spin1z,
            spin2x, spin2y, spin2z, f_start, f_max, f_ref, distance, inclination,lambda1, lambda2, model->waveFlags, nonGRparams, amporder, order,
            approximant,model->waveformCache, NULL), errnum);

     
    /* if the waveform failed to generate, fill the buffer with zeros
     * so that the previous waveform is not left there
     */
    if (ret != XLAL_SUCCESS || hptilde == NULL || hctilde == NULL)
    {
	    XLALPrintError(" ERROR in XLALSimInspiralChooseWaveformFromCache(): error generating waveform. errnum=%d\n",errnum );
	    memset(model->freqhPlus->data->data,0,sizeof(model->freqhPlus->data->data[0])*model->freqhPlus->data->length);
	    memset(model->freqhCross->data->data,0,sizeof(model->freqhCross->data->data[0])*model->freqhCross->data->length);
        if ( hptilde ) XLALDestroyCOMPLEX16FrequencySeries(hptilde);
        if ( hctilde ) XLALDestroyCOMPLEX16FrequencySeries(hctilde);
        XLALSimInspiralDestroyTestGRParam(nonGRparams);
	    XLAL_ERROR_VOID(XLAL_FAILURE);
    }
	if (hptilde==NULL || hptilde->data==NULL || hptilde->data->data==NULL ) {
	  XLALPrintError(" ERROR in LALInferenceTemplateXLALSimInspiralChooseWaveform(): encountered unallocated 'hptilde'.\n");
	  XLAL_ERROR_VOID(XLAL_EFAULT);
	}
	if (hctilde==NULL || hctilde->data==NULL || hctilde->data->data==NULL ) {
	  XLALPrintError(" ERROR in LALInferenceTemplateXLALSimInspiralChooseWaveform(): encountered unallocated 'hctilde'.\n");
	  XLAL_ERROR_VOID(XLAL_EFAULT);
	}

    INT4 rem=0;
    UINT4 size=hptilde->data->length;
    if(size>model->freqhPlus->data->length) size=model->freqhPlus->data->length;
    memcpy(model->freqhPlus->data->data,hptilde->data->data,sizeof(hptilde->data->data[0])*size);
    if( (rem=(model->freqhPlus->data->length - size)) > 0)
        memset(&(model->freqhPlus->data->data[size]),0, rem*sizeof(hptilde->data->data[0]) );

    size=hctilde->data->length;
    if(size>model->freqhCross->data->length) size=model->freqhCross->data->length;
    memcpy(model->freqhCross->data->data,hctilde->data->data,sizeof(hctilde->data->data[0])*size);
    if( (rem=(model->freqhCross->data->length - size)) > 0)
        memset(&(model->freqhCross->data->data[size]),0, rem*sizeof(hctilde->data->data[0]) );
    
    
    /* Destroy the nonGr params */
    XLALSimInspiralDestroyTestGRParam(nonGRparams);
    
    REAL8 instant = model->freqhPlus->epoch.gpsSeconds + 1e-9*model->freqhPlus->epoch.gpsNanoSeconds;
    LALInferenceSetVariable(model->params, "time", &instant);
    
  } else {

    XLAL_TRY(ret=XLALSimInspiralChooseTDWaveformFromCache(&hplus, &hcross, phi0, deltaT,
            m1*LAL_MSUN_SI, m2*LAL_MSUN_SI, spin1x, spin1y, spin1z,
            spin2x, spin2y, spin2z, f_start, f_ref, distance,
            inclination, lambda1, lambda2, model->waveFlags, nonGRparams,
            amporder, order, approximant,model->waveformCache), errnum);
    XLALSimInspiralDestroyTestGRParam(nonGRparams);
    if (ret == XLAL_FAILURE || hplus == NULL || hcross == NULL)
    {
            XLALPrintError(" ERROR in XLALSimInspiralChooseWaveformFromCache(): error generating waveform. errnum=%d\n",errnum );
            memset(model->timehPlus->data->data,0,sizeof(model->timehPlus->data->data[0]) * model->timehPlus->data->length);
            memset(model->timehCross->data->data,0,sizeof(model->timehCross->data->data[0]) * model->timehCross->data->length);
            if ( hplus ) XLALDestroyREAL8TimeSeries(hplus);
            if ( hcross ) XLALDestroyREAL8TimeSeries(hcross);
            XLALSimInspiralDestroyTestGRParam(nonGRparams);
            XLAL_ERROR_VOID(XLAL_FAILURE);
    }

    /* The following complicated mess is a result of the following considerations:
       
       1) The discrete time samples of the template and the timeModel
       buffers will not, in general line up.

       2) The likelihood function will timeshift the template in the
       frequency domain to align it properly with the desired tc in
       each detector (these are different because the detectors
       receive the signal at different times).  Because this
       timeshifting is done in the frequency domain, the effective
       time-domain template is periodic.  We want to avoid the
       possibility of non-zero template samples wrapping around from
       the start/end of the buffer, since real templates are not
       periodic!

       3) If the template apporaches the ends of the timeModel buffer,
       then it should be tapered in the same way as the timeData
       (currently 0.4 seconds, hard-coded! Tukey window; see
       LALInferenceReadData.c, near line 233) so that template and
       signal in the data match.  However, as an optimization, we
       perform only one tapering and FFT-ing in the likelihood
       function; subsequent timeshifts for the different detectors
       will cause the tapered regions of the template and data to
       become mis-aligned.

       The algorthim we use is the following:

       1) Inject the template to align with the nearest sample in the
       timeModel buffer to the desired geocent_end time.

       2) Check whether either the start or the end of the template
       overlaps the tapered region, plus a safety buffer corresponding
       to a conservative estimate of the largest geocenter <-->
       detector timeshift.
       
         a) If there is no overlap at the start or end of the buffer,
         we're done.

	 b) If there is an overlap, issue one warning per process
	 (which can be disabled by setting the LAL debug level) about
	 a too-short segment length, and return.
*/

    size_t waveLength = hplus->data->length;
    size_t bufLength = model->timehPlus->data->length;

    /* 2*Rearth/(c*deltaT)---2 is safety factor---is the maximum time
       shift for any earth-based detector. */
    size_t maxShift = (size_t)lround(4.255e-2/deltaT); 

    /* Taper 0.4 seconds at start and end (hard-coded! in
       LALInferenceReadData.c, around line 233). */
    size_t taperLength = (size_t)lround(0.4/deltaT); 

    /* Within unsafeLength of ends of buffer, possible danger of
       wrapping and/or tapering interactions. */
    size_t unsafeLength = taperLength + maxShift;

    REAL8 desiredTc = *(REAL8 *)LALInferenceGetVariable(model->params, "time");
    REAL8 tStart = XLALGPSGetREAL8(&(model->timehPlus->epoch));
    REAL8 tEnd = tStart + deltaT * model->timehPlus->data->length;

    if (desiredTc < tStart || desiredTc > tEnd) {
      XLALDestroyREAL8TimeSeries(hplus);
      XLALDestroyREAL8TimeSeries(hcross);

      XLAL_PRINT_ERROR("desired tc (%.4f) outside data buffer\n", desiredTc);
      XLAL_ERROR_VOID(XLAL_EDOM);
    }

    /* The nearest sample in model buffer to the desired tc. */
    size_t tcSample = (size_t)lround((desiredTc - XLALGPSGetREAL8(&(model->timehPlus->epoch)))/deltaT);

    /* The acutal coalescence time that corresponds to the buffer
       sample on which the waveform's tC lands. */
    REAL8 injTc = XLALGPSGetREAL8(&(model->timehPlus->epoch)) + tcSample*deltaT;

    /* The sample at which the waveform reaches tc. */
    size_t waveTcSample = (size_t)lround(-XLALGPSGetREAL8(&(hplus->epoch))/deltaT);

    /* 1 + (number of samples post-tc in waveform) */
    size_t wavePostTc = waveLength - waveTcSample;

    size_t bufStartIndex = (tcSample >= waveTcSample ? tcSample - waveTcSample : 0);
    size_t bufEndIndex = (wavePostTc + tcSample <= bufLength ? wavePostTc + tcSample : bufLength);
    size_t bufWaveLength = bufEndIndex - bufStartIndex;
    size_t waveStartIndex = (tcSample >= waveTcSample ? 0 : waveTcSample - tcSample);    

    if (bufStartIndex < unsafeLength || (bufLength - bufEndIndex) <= unsafeLength) {
      /* The waveform could be timeshifted into a region where it will
	 be tapered improperly, or even wrap around from the periodic
	 timeshift.  Issue warning. */
      if (!sizeWarning) {
	fprintf(stderr, "WARNING: Generated template is too long to guarantee that it will not\n");
	fprintf(stderr, "WARNING:  (a) lie in a tapered region of the time-domain buffer\n");
	fprintf(stderr, "WARNING:  (b) wrap periodically when timeshifted in likelihood computation\n");
	fprintf(stderr, "WARNING: Either of these may cause differences between the template and the\n");
	fprintf(stderr, "WARNING: correct GW waveform in each detector.\n");
	fprintf(stderr, "WARNING: Parameter estimation will continue, but you should consider\n");
	fprintf(stderr, "WARNING: increasing the data segment length (using the --seglen) option.\n");
	sizeWarning = 1;
      }
    }

    /* Clear model buffers */
    memset(model->timehPlus->data->data, 0, sizeof(REAL8)*model->timehPlus->data->length);
    memset(model->timehCross->data->data, 0, sizeof(REAL8)*model->timehCross->data->length);
    
    /* Inject */
    memcpy(model->timehPlus->data->data + bufStartIndex,
	   hplus->data->data + waveStartIndex,
	   bufWaveLength*sizeof(REAL8));
    memcpy(model->timehCross->data->data + bufStartIndex,
	   hcross->data->data + waveStartIndex,
	   bufWaveLength*sizeof(REAL8));

    LALInferenceSetVariable(model->params, "time", &injTc);
  }

  if ( hplus ) XLALDestroyREAL8TimeSeries(hplus);
  if ( hcross ) XLALDestroyREAL8TimeSeries(hcross);
  if ( hptilde ) XLALDestroyCOMPLEX16FrequencySeries(hptilde);
  if ( hctilde ) XLALDestroyCOMPLEX16FrequencySeries(hctilde);
  
  return;
}
Ejemplo n.º 2
0
int main(void) {
    clock_t s1, e1, s2, e2;
    double diff1, diff2;
    unsigned int i;
    REAL8 plusdiff, crossdiff, temp;
    REAL8TimeSeries *hplus = NULL;
    REAL8TimeSeries *hcross = NULL;
    REAL8TimeSeries *hplusC = NULL;
    REAL8TimeSeries *hcrossC = NULL;
    COMPLEX16FrequencySeries *hptilde = NULL;
    COMPLEX16FrequencySeries *hctilde = NULL;
    COMPLEX16FrequencySeries *hptildeC = NULL;
    COMPLEX16FrequencySeries *hctildeC = NULL;
    REAL8 m1 = 10. * LAL_MSUN_SI, m2 = 10 * LAL_MSUN_SI;
    REAL8 s1x = 0., s1y = 0., s1z = 0., s2x = 0., s2y = 0., s2z = 0.;
    REAL8 f_min = 40., f_ref = 0., lambda1 = 0., lambda2 = 0.i, f_max = 0.;
    REAL8 dt = 1./16384., df = 1./16.;
    int ret, phaseO = 7, ampO = 0;
    Approximant approx = SEOBNRv1;
    Approximant approxFD = TaylorF2;
    REAL8 phiref1 = 0., phiref2 = 0.3;
    REAL8 inc1 = 0.2, inc2 = 1.3;
    REAL8 dist1 = 1.e6 * LAL_PC_SI, dist2 = 2.e6 * LAL_PC_SI;
    LALSimInspiralWaveformCache *cache = XLALCreateSimInspiralWaveformCache();

    //
    // Test TD path with SEOBNRv1
    //

    // Generate waveform via usual ChooseTDWaveform path
    s1 = clock();
    ret = XLALSimInspiralChooseTDWaveform(&hplus, &hcross, phiref1, dt, m1, m2,
        s1x, s1y, s1z, s2x, s2y, s2z, f_min, f_ref, dist1, inc1,
        lambda1, lambda2, NULL, NULL, ampO, phaseO, approx);
    e1 = clock();
    diff1 = (double) (e1 - s1) / CLOCKS_PER_SEC;
    if( ret == XLAL_FAILURE )
        XLAL_ERROR(XLAL_EFUNC);

    // Generate waveform via FromCache - will call ChooseWaveform this 1st time
    s2 = clock();
    ret = XLALSimInspiralChooseTDWaveformFromCache(&hplusC, &hcrossC, phiref1,
        dt, m1, m2, s1x, s1y, s1z, s2x, s2y, s2z, f_min, f_ref, dist1, inc1,
        lambda1, lambda2, NULL, NULL, ampO, phaseO, approx, cache);
    e2 = clock();
    diff2 = (double) (e2 - s2) / CLOCKS_PER_SEC;
    if( ret == XLAL_FAILURE )
        XLAL_ERROR(XLAL_EFUNC);

    // Find level of agreement
    plusdiff = crossdiff = 0.;
    for(i=0; i < hplus->data->length; i++)
    {
        temp = abs(hplus->data->data[i] - hplusC->data->data[i]);
        if(temp > plusdiff) plusdiff = temp;
        temp = abs(hcross->data->data[i] - hcrossC->data->data[i]);
        if(temp > crossdiff) crossdiff = temp;
    }
    printf("Comparing waveforms from ChooseTDWaveform and ChooseTDWaveformFromCache\n");
    printf("when both must be generated from scratch...\n");
    printf("ChooseTDWaveform took %f seconds\n", diff1);
    printf("ChooseTDWaveformFromCache took %f seconds\n", diff2);
    printf("Largest difference in plus polarization is: %.16g\n", plusdiff);
    printf("Largest difference in cross polarization is: %.16g\n\n", crossdiff);

    // Generate another waveform via ChooseTDWaveform path
    s1 = clock();
    ret = XLALSimInspiralChooseTDWaveform(&hplus, &hcross, phiref2, dt, m1, m2,
        s1x, s1y, s1z, s2x, s2y, s2z, f_min, f_ref, dist2, inc2,
        lambda1, lambda2, NULL, NULL, ampO, phaseO, approx);
    e1 = clock();
    diff1 = (double) (e1 - s1) / CLOCKS_PER_SEC;
    if( ret == XLAL_FAILURE )
        XLAL_ERROR(XLAL_EFUNC);

    // Generate waveform via FromCache - will transform previous waveform
    s2 = clock();
    ret = XLALSimInspiralChooseTDWaveformFromCache(&hplusC, &hcrossC, phiref2,
        dt, m1, m2, s1x, s1y, s1z, s2x, s2y, s2z, f_min, f_ref, dist2, inc2,
        lambda1, lambda2, NULL, NULL, ampO, phaseO, approx, cache);
    e2 = clock();
    diff2 = (double) (e2 - s2) / CLOCKS_PER_SEC;
    if( ret == XLAL_FAILURE )
        XLAL_ERROR(XLAL_EFUNC);

    // Find level of agreement
    plusdiff = crossdiff = 0.;
    for(i=0; i < hplus->data->length; i++)
    {
        temp = abs(hplus->data->data[i] - hplusC->data->data[i]);
        if(temp > plusdiff) plusdiff = temp;
        temp = abs(hcross->data->data[i] - hcrossC->data->data[i]);
        if(temp > crossdiff) crossdiff = temp;
    }
    printf("Comparing waveforms from ChooseTDWaveform and ChooseTDWaveformFromCache\n");
    printf("when the latter is cached and transformed...\n");
    printf("ChooseTDWaveform took %f seconds\n", diff1);
    printf("ChooseTDWaveformFromCache took %f seconds\n", diff2);
    printf("Largest difference in plus polarization is: %.16g\n", plusdiff);
    printf("Largest difference in cross polarization is: %.16g\n\n", crossdiff);

    XLALDestroyREAL8TimeSeries(hplus);
    XLALDestroyREAL8TimeSeries(hcross);
    XLALDestroyREAL8TimeSeries(hplusC);
    XLALDestroyREAL8TimeSeries(hcrossC);


    //
    // Test FD path with TaylorF2
    //

    // Generate waveform via usual ChooseFDWaveform path
    s1 = clock();
    ret = XLALSimInspiralChooseFDWaveform(&hptilde, &hctilde, phiref1, df,
            m1, m2, s1x, s1y, s1z, s2x, s2y, s2z, f_min, f_max, dist1, inc1,
        lambda1, lambda2, NULL, NULL, ampO, phaseO, approxFD);
    e1 = clock();
    diff1 = (double) (e1 - s1) / CLOCKS_PER_SEC;
    if( ret == XLAL_FAILURE )
        XLAL_ERROR(XLAL_EFUNC);

    // Generate waveform via FromCache - will call ChooseWaveform this 1st time
    s2 = clock();
    ret = XLALSimInspiralChooseFDWaveformFromCache(&hptildeC, &hctildeC,
            phiref1, df, m1, m2, s1x, s1y, s1z, s2x, s2y, s2z, f_min, f_max,
            dist1, inc1, lambda1, lambda2, NULL, NULL, ampO, phaseO, approxFD,
            cache);
    e2 = clock();
    diff2 = (double) (e2 - s2) / CLOCKS_PER_SEC;
    if( ret == XLAL_FAILURE )
        XLAL_ERROR(XLAL_EFUNC);

    // Find level of agreement
    plusdiff = crossdiff = 0.;
    for(i=0; i < hptilde->data->length; i++)
    {
        temp = abs(hptilde->data->data[i] - hptildeC->data->data[i]);
        if(temp > plusdiff) plusdiff = temp;
        temp = abs(hctilde->data->data[i] - hctildeC->data->data[i]);
        if(temp > crossdiff) crossdiff = temp;
    }
    printf("Comparing waveforms from ChooseFDWaveform and ChooseFDWaveformFromCache\n");
    printf("when both must be generated from scratch...\n");
    printf("ChooseFDWaveform took %f seconds\n", diff1);
    printf("ChooseFDWaveformFromCache took %f seconds\n", diff2);
    printf("Largest difference in plus polarization is: %.16g\n", plusdiff);
    printf("Largest difference in cross polarization is: %.16g\n\n", crossdiff);

    XLALDestroyCOMPLEX16FrequencySeries(hptilde);
    XLALDestroyCOMPLEX16FrequencySeries(hctilde);
    XLALDestroyCOMPLEX16FrequencySeries(hptildeC);
    XLALDestroyCOMPLEX16FrequencySeries(hctildeC);
    hptilde = hctilde = hptildeC = hctildeC = NULL;

    // Generate another waveform via ChooseFDWaveform path
    s1 = clock();
    ret = XLALSimInspiralChooseFDWaveform(&hptilde, &hctilde, phiref2, df,
            m1, m2, s1x, s1y, s1z, s2x, s2y, s2z, f_min, f_max, dist2, inc2,
        lambda1, lambda2, NULL, NULL, ampO, phaseO, approxFD);
    e1 = clock();
    diff1 = (double) (e1 - s1) / CLOCKS_PER_SEC;
    if( ret == XLAL_FAILURE )
        XLAL_ERROR(XLAL_EFUNC);

    // Generate waveform via FromCache - will transform previous waveform
    s2 = clock();
    ret = XLALSimInspiralChooseFDWaveformFromCache(&hptildeC, &hctildeC,
            phiref2, df, m1, m2, s1x, s1y, s1z, s2x, s2y, s2z, f_min, f_max,
            dist2, inc2, lambda1, lambda2, NULL, NULL, ampO, phaseO, approxFD,
            cache);
    e2 = clock();
    diff2 = (double) (e2 - s2) / CLOCKS_PER_SEC;
    if( ret == XLAL_FAILURE )
        XLAL_ERROR(XLAL_EFUNC);

    // Find level of agreement
    plusdiff = crossdiff = 0.;
    for(i=0; i < hptilde->data->length; i++)
    {
        temp = abs(hptilde->data->data[i] - hptildeC->data->data[i]);
        if(temp > plusdiff) plusdiff = temp;
        temp = abs(hctilde->data->data[i] - hctildeC->data->data[i]);
        if(temp > crossdiff) crossdiff = temp;
    }
    printf("Comparing waveforms from ChooseFDWaveform and ChooseFDWaveformFromCache\n");
    printf("when the latter is cached and transformed...\n");
    printf("ChooseFDWaveform took %f seconds\n", diff1);
    printf("ChooseFDWaveformFromCache took %f seconds\n", diff2);
    printf("Largest difference in plus polarization is: %.16g\n", plusdiff);
    printf("Largest difference in cross polarization is: %.16g\n\n", crossdiff);

    XLALDestroySimInspiralWaveformCache(cache);
    XLALDestroyCOMPLEX16FrequencySeries(hptilde);
    XLALDestroyCOMPLEX16FrequencySeries(hctilde);
    XLALDestroyCOMPLEX16FrequencySeries(hptildeC);
    XLALDestroyCOMPLEX16FrequencySeries(hctildeC);

    LALCheckMemoryLeaks();

    return 0;
}