/*
* simple_walk_log --
* A simple walk of the write-ahead log.
* We wrote text messages into the log. Print them.
* This verifies we're decrypting properly.
*/
static void
simple_walk_log(WT_SESSION *session)
{
WT_CURSOR *cursor;
WT_ITEM logrec_key, logrec_value;
uint64_t txnid;
uint32_t fileid, log_file, log_offset, opcount, optype, rectype;
int found, ret;
error_check(session->open_cursor(session, "log:", NULL, NULL, &cursor));
found = 0;
while ((ret = cursor->next(cursor)) == 0) {
error_check(cursor->get_key(
cursor, &log_file, &log_offset, &opcount));
error_check(cursor->get_value(cursor, &txnid,
&rectype, &optype, &fileid, &logrec_key, &logrec_value));
if (rectype == WT_LOGREC_MESSAGE) {
found = 1;
printf("Application Log Record: %s\n",
(char *)logrec_value.data);
}
}
scan_end_check(ret == WT_NOTFOUND);
error_check(cursor->close(cursor));
if (found == 0) {
fprintf(stderr, "Did not find log messages.\n");
exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
}
}
static void
cursor_search_near(WT_CURSOR *cursor)
{
int exact, ret;
const char *key = "some key";
/*! [Search for an exact or adjacent match] */
cursor->set_key(cursor, key);
error_check(cursor->search_near(cursor, &exact));
if (exact == 0) {
/* an exact match */
} else if (exact < 0) {
/* returned smaller key */
} else if (exact > 0) {
/* returned larger key */
}
/*! [Search for an exact or adjacent match] */
/*! [Forward scan greater than or equal] */
cursor->set_key(cursor, key);
error_check(cursor->search_near(cursor, &exact));
if (exact >= 0) {
/* include first key returned in the scan */
}
while ((ret = cursor->next(cursor)) == 0) {
/* the rest of the scan */
}
scan_end_check(ret == WT_NOTFOUND);
/*! [Forward scan greater than or equal] */
/*! [Backward scan less than] */
cursor->set_key(cursor, key);
error_check(cursor->search_near(cursor, &exact));
if (exact < 0) {
/* include first key returned in the scan */
}
while ((ret = cursor->prev(cursor)) == 0) {
/* the rest of the scan */
}
scan_end_check(ret == WT_NOTFOUND);
/*! [Backward scan less than] */
}
/*! [statistics display function] */
void
print_cursor(WT_CURSOR *cursor)
{
const char *desc, *pvalue;
uint64_t value;
int ret;
while ((ret = cursor->next(cursor)) == 0) {
error_check(cursor->get_value(cursor, &desc, &pvalue, &value));
if (value != 0)
printf("%s=%s\n", desc, pvalue);
}
scan_end_check(ret == WT_NOTFOUND);
}
/*! [cursor prev] */
int
cursor_reverse_scan(WT_CURSOR *cursor)
{
const char *key, *value;
int ret;
while ((ret = cursor->prev(cursor)) == 0) {
error_check(cursor->get_key(cursor, &key));
error_check(cursor->get_value(cursor, &value));
}
scan_end_check(ret == WT_NOTFOUND);
return (0);
}
static void
take_full_backup(WT_SESSION *session, int i)
{
WT_CURSOR *cursor;
int j, ret;
char buf[1024], h[256];
const char *filename, *hdir;
/*
* First time through we take a full backup into the incremental
* directories. Otherwise only into the appropriate full directory.
*/
if (i != 0) {
(void)snprintf(h, sizeof(h), "%s.%d", home_full, i);
hdir = h;
} else
hdir = home_incr;
error_check(
session->open_cursor(session, "backup:", NULL, NULL, &cursor));
while ((ret = cursor->next(cursor)) == 0) {
error_check(cursor->get_key(cursor, &filename));
if (i == 0)
/*
* Take a full backup into each incremental directory.
*/
for (j = 0; j < MAX_ITERATIONS; j++) {
(void)snprintf(h, sizeof(h),
"%s.%d", home_incr, j);
(void)snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf),
"cp %s/%s %s/%s",
home, filename, h, filename);
error_check(system(buf));
}
else {
(void)snprintf(h, sizeof(h), "%s.%d", home_full, i);
(void)snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "cp %s/%s %s/%s",
home, filename, hdir, filename);
error_check(system(buf));
}
}
scan_end_check(ret == WT_NOTFOUND);
error_check(cursor->close(cursor));
}
static void
backup(WT_SESSION *session)
{
char buf[1024];
/*! [backup]*/
WT_CURSOR *cursor;
const char *filename;
int ret;
/* Create the backup directory. */
error_check(mkdir("/path/database.backup", 077));
/* Open the backup data source. */
error_check(session->open_cursor(
session, "backup:", NULL, NULL, &cursor));
/* Copy the list of files. */
while ((ret = cursor->next(cursor)) == 0) {
error_check(cursor->get_key(cursor, &filename));
(void)snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf),
"cp /path/database/%s /path/database.backup/%s",
filename, filename);
error_check(system(buf));
}
scan_end_check(ret == WT_NOTFOUND);
error_check(cursor->close(cursor));
/*! [backup]*/
/*! [incremental backup]*/
/* Open the backup data source for incremental backup. */
error_check(session->open_cursor(
session, "backup:", NULL, "target=(\"log:\")", &cursor));
/*! [incremental backup]*/
error_check(cursor->close(cursor));
/*! [backup of a checkpoint]*/
error_check(session->checkpoint(
session, "drop=(from=June01),name=June01"));
/*! [backup of a checkpoint]*/
}
/*
* Read the index by year and print out who was in office that year.
*/
static void
read_index(WT_SESSION *session)
{
WT_CURSOR *cursor;
int i, ret;
char *first_name, *last_name;
uint16_t rec_year, term_end, term_start, year;
year = 0;
srand((unsigned int)getpid());
error_check(session->open_cursor(
session, "index:presidents:term", NULL, NULL, &cursor));
/*
* Pick 10 random years and read the data.
*/
for (i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
year = (uint16_t)((rand() % YEAR_SPAN) + YEAR_BASE);
printf("Year %" PRIu16 ":\n", year);
cursor->set_key(cursor, year);
error_check(cursor->search(cursor));
error_check(cursor->get_key(cursor, &rec_year));
error_check(cursor->get_value(cursor,
&last_name, &first_name, &term_start, &term_end));
/* Report all presidents that served during the chosen year */
ret = 0;
while (term_start <= year &&
year <= term_end && year == rec_year) {
printf("\t%s %s\n", first_name, last_name);
if ((ret = cursor->next(cursor)) != 0)
break;
error_check(cursor->get_key(cursor, &rec_year));
error_check(cursor->get_value(cursor,
&last_name, &first_name, &term_start, &term_end));
}
scan_end_check(ret == 0 || ret == WT_NOTFOUND);
}
error_check(cursor->close(cursor));
}
static void
take_incr_backup(WT_SESSION *session, int i)
{
WT_CURSOR *cursor;
int j, ret;
char buf[1024], h[256];
const char *filename;
error_check(session->open_cursor(
session, "backup:", NULL, "target=(\"log:\")", &cursor));
while ((ret = cursor->next(cursor)) == 0) {
error_check(cursor->get_key(cursor, &filename));
/*
* Copy into the 0 incremental directory and then each of the
* incremental directories for this iteration and later.
*/
(void)snprintf(h, sizeof(h), "%s.0", home_incr);
(void)snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "cp %s/%s %s/%s",
home, filename, h, filename);
error_check(system(buf));
for (j = i; j < MAX_ITERATIONS; j++) {
(void)snprintf(h, sizeof(h), "%s.%d", home_incr, j);
(void)snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "cp %s/%s %s/%s",
home, filename, h, filename);
error_check(system(buf));
}
}
scan_end_check(ret == WT_NOTFOUND);
/*
* With an incremental cursor, we want to truncate on the backup
* cursor to archive the logs. Only do this if the copy process
* was entirely successful.
*/
error_check(session->truncate(session, "log:", cursor, NULL, NULL));
error_check(cursor->close(cursor));
}
int
main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
POP_RECORD *p;
WT_CONNECTION *conn;
WT_CURSOR *country_cursor, *country_cursor2, *cursor, *join_cursor,
*stat_cursor, *subjoin_cursor, *year_cursor;
WT_SESSION *session;
const char *country;
uint64_t recno, population;
uint16_t year;
int ret;
home = example_setup(argc, argv);
error_check(wiredtiger_open(
home, NULL, "create,statistics=(fast)", &conn));
error_check(conn->open_session(conn, NULL, NULL, &session));
/*! [Create a table with column groups] */
/*
* Create the population table.
* Keys are record numbers, the format for values is (5-byte string,
* uint16_t, uint64_t).
* See ::wiredtiger_struct_pack for details of the format strings.
*/
error_check(session->create(session, "table:poptable",
"key_format=r,"
"value_format=5sHQ,"
"columns=(id,country,year,population),"
"colgroups=(main,population)"));
/*
* Create two column groups: a primary column group with the country
* code, year and population (named "main"), and a population column
* group with the population by itself (named "population").
*/
error_check(session->create(session,
"colgroup:poptable:main", "columns=(country,year,population)"));
error_check(session->create(session,
"colgroup:poptable:population", "columns=(population)"));
/*! [Create a table with column groups] */
/*! [Create an index] */
/* Create an index with a simple key. */
error_check(session->create(session,
"index:poptable:country", "columns=(country)"));
/*! [Create an index] */
/*! [Create an index with a composite key] */
/* Create an index with a composite key (country,year). */
error_check(session->create(session,
"index:poptable:country_plus_year", "columns=(country,year)"));
/*! [Create an index with a composite key] */
/*! [Create an immutable index] */
/* Create an immutable index. */
error_check(session->create(session,
"index:poptable:immutable_year", "columns=(year),immutable"));
/*! [Create an immutable index] */
/* Insert the records into the table. */
error_check(session->open_cursor(
session, "table:poptable", NULL, "append", &cursor));
for (p = pop_data; p->year != 0; p++) {
cursor->set_value(cursor, p->country, p->year, p->population);
error_check(cursor->insert(cursor));
}
error_check(cursor->close(cursor));
/* Update records in the table. */
error_check(session->open_cursor(session,
"table:poptable", NULL, NULL, &cursor));
while ((ret = cursor->next(cursor)) == 0) {
error_check(cursor->get_key(cursor, &recno));
error_check(cursor->get_value(
cursor, &country, &year, &population));
cursor->set_value(cursor, country, year, population + 1);
error_check(cursor->update(cursor));
}
scan_end_check(ret == WT_NOTFOUND);
error_check(cursor->close(cursor));
/* List the records in the table. */
error_check(session->open_cursor(session,
"table:poptable", NULL, NULL, &cursor));
while ((ret = cursor->next(cursor)) == 0) {
error_check(cursor->get_key(cursor, &recno));
error_check(cursor->get_value(
cursor, &country, &year, &population));
printf("ID %" PRIu64, recno);
printf(
": country %s, year %" PRIu16 ", population %" PRIu64 "\n",
country, year, population);
}
scan_end_check(ret == WT_NOTFOUND);
error_check(cursor->close(cursor));
/*! [List the records in the table using raw mode.] */
/* List the records in the table using raw mode. */
error_check(session->open_cursor(session,
"table:poptable", NULL, "raw", &cursor));
while ((ret = cursor->next(cursor)) == 0) {
WT_ITEM key, value;
error_check(cursor->get_key(cursor, &key));
error_check(wiredtiger_struct_unpack(
session, key.data, key.size, "r", &recno));
printf("ID %" PRIu64, recno);
error_check(cursor->get_value(cursor, &value));
error_check(wiredtiger_struct_unpack(session,
value.data, value.size,
"5sHQ", &country, &year, &population));
printf(
": country %s, year %" PRIu16 ", population %" PRIu64 "\n",
country, year, population);
}
scan_end_check(ret == WT_NOTFOUND);
/*! [List the records in the table using raw mode.] */
error_check(cursor->close(cursor));
/*! [Read population from the primary column group] */
/*
* Open a cursor on the main column group, and return the information
* for a particular country.
*/
error_check(session->open_cursor(
session, "colgroup:poptable:main", NULL, NULL, &cursor));
cursor->set_key(cursor, 2);
error_check(cursor->search(cursor));
error_check(cursor->get_value(cursor, &country, &year, &population));
printf(
"ID 2: country %s, year %" PRIu16 ", population %" PRIu64 "\n",
country, year, population);
/*! [Read population from the primary column group] */
error_check(cursor->close(cursor));
/*! [Read population from the standalone column group] */
/*
* Open a cursor on the population column group, and return the
* population of a particular country.
*/
error_check(session->open_cursor(session,
"colgroup:poptable:population", NULL, NULL, &cursor));
cursor->set_key(cursor, 2);
error_check(cursor->search(cursor));
error_check(cursor->get_value(cursor, &population));
printf("ID 2: population %" PRIu64 "\n", population);
/*! [Read population from the standalone column group] */
error_check(cursor->close(cursor));
/*! [Search in a simple index] */
/* Search in a simple index. */
error_check(session->open_cursor(session,
"index:poptable:country", NULL, NULL, &cursor));
cursor->set_key(cursor, "AU\0\0\0");
error_check(cursor->search(cursor));
error_check(cursor->get_value(cursor, &country, &year, &population));
printf("AU: country %s, year %" PRIu16 ", population %" PRIu64 "\n",
country, year, population);
/*! [Search in a simple index] */
error_check(cursor->close(cursor));
/*! [Search in a composite index] */
/* Search in a composite index. */
error_check(session->open_cursor(session,
"index:poptable:country_plus_year", NULL, NULL, &cursor));
cursor->set_key(cursor, "USA\0\0", (uint16_t)1900);
error_check(cursor->search(cursor));
error_check(cursor->get_value(cursor, &country, &year, &population));
printf(
"US 1900: country %s, year %" PRIu16 ", population %" PRIu64 "\n",
country, year, population);
/*! [Search in a composite index] */
error_check(cursor->close(cursor));
/*! [Return a subset of values from the table] */
/*
* Use a projection to return just the table's country and year
* columns.
*/
error_check(session->open_cursor(session,
"table:poptable(country,year)", NULL, NULL, &cursor));
while ((ret = cursor->next(cursor)) == 0) {
error_check(cursor->get_value(cursor, &country, &year));
printf("country %s, year %" PRIu16 "\n", country, year);
}
/*! [Return a subset of values from the table] */
scan_end_check(ret == WT_NOTFOUND);
error_check(cursor->close(cursor));
/*! [Return a subset of values from the table using raw mode] */
/*
* Use a projection to return just the table's country and year
* columns, using raw mode.
*/
error_check(session->open_cursor(session,
"table:poptable(country,year)", NULL, "raw", &cursor));
while ((ret = cursor->next(cursor)) == 0) {
WT_ITEM value;
error_check(cursor->get_value(cursor, &value));
error_check(wiredtiger_struct_unpack(
session, value.data, value.size, "5sH", &country, &year));
printf("country %s, year %" PRIu16 "\n", country, year);
}
scan_end_check(ret == WT_NOTFOUND);
/*! [Return a subset of values from the table using raw mode] */
error_check(cursor->close(cursor));
/*! [Return the table's record number key using an index] */
/*
* Use a projection to return just the table's record number key
* from an index.
*/
error_check(session->open_cursor(session,
"index:poptable:country_plus_year(id)", NULL, NULL, &cursor));
while ((ret = cursor->next(cursor)) == 0) {
error_check(cursor->get_key(cursor, &country, &year));
error_check(cursor->get_value(cursor, &recno));
printf("row ID %" PRIu64 ": country %s, year %" PRIu16 "\n",
recno, country, year);
}
scan_end_check(ret == WT_NOTFOUND);
/*! [Return the table's record number key using an index] */
error_check(cursor->close(cursor));
/*! [Return a subset of the value columns from an index] */
/*
* Use a projection to return just the population column from an
* index.
*/
error_check(session->open_cursor(session,
"index:poptable:country_plus_year(population)",
NULL, NULL, &cursor));
while ((ret = cursor->next(cursor)) == 0) {
error_check(cursor->get_key(cursor, &country, &year));
error_check(cursor->get_value(cursor, &population));
printf("population %" PRIu64 ": country %s, year %" PRIu16 "\n",
population, country, year);
}
scan_end_check(ret == WT_NOTFOUND);
/*! [Return a subset of the value columns from an index] */
error_check(cursor->close(cursor));
/*! [Access only the index] */
/*
* Use a projection to avoid accessing any other column groups when
* using an index: supply an empty list of value columns.
*/
error_check(session->open_cursor(session,
"index:poptable:country_plus_year()", NULL, NULL, &cursor));
while ((ret = cursor->next(cursor)) == 0) {
error_check(cursor->get_key(cursor, &country, &year));
printf("country %s, year %" PRIu16 "\n", country, year);
}
scan_end_check(ret == WT_NOTFOUND);
/*! [Access only the index] */
error_check(cursor->close(cursor));
/*! [Join cursors] */
/* Open cursors needed by the join. */
error_check(session->open_cursor(session,
"join:table:poptable", NULL, NULL, &join_cursor));
error_check(session->open_cursor(session,
"index:poptable:country", NULL, NULL, &country_cursor));
error_check(session->open_cursor(session,
"index:poptable:immutable_year", NULL, NULL, &year_cursor));
/* select values WHERE country == "AU" AND year > 1900 */
country_cursor->set_key(country_cursor, "AU\0\0\0");
error_check(country_cursor->search(country_cursor));
error_check(session->join(
session, join_cursor, country_cursor, "compare=eq,count=10"));
year_cursor->set_key(year_cursor, (uint16_t)1900);
error_check(year_cursor->search(year_cursor));
error_check(session->join(session,
join_cursor, year_cursor, "compare=gt,count=10,strategy=bloom"));
/* List the values that are joined */
while ((ret = join_cursor->next(join_cursor)) == 0) {
error_check(join_cursor->get_key(join_cursor, &recno));
error_check(join_cursor->get_value(
join_cursor, &country, &year, &population));
printf("ID %" PRIu64, recno);
printf(
": country %s, year %" PRIu16 ", population %" PRIu64 "\n",
country, year, population);
}
scan_end_check(ret == WT_NOTFOUND);
/*! [Join cursors] */
/*! [Statistics cursor join cursor] */
error_check(session->open_cursor(session,
"statistics:join",
join_cursor, NULL, &stat_cursor));
/*! [Statistics cursor join cursor] */
error_check(stat_cursor->close(stat_cursor));
error_check(join_cursor->close(join_cursor));
error_check(year_cursor->close(year_cursor));
error_check(country_cursor->close(country_cursor));
/*! [Complex join cursors] */
/* Open cursors needed by the join. */
error_check(session->open_cursor(session,
"join:table:poptable", NULL, NULL, &join_cursor));
error_check(session->open_cursor(session,
"join:table:poptable", NULL, NULL, &subjoin_cursor));
error_check(session->open_cursor(session,
"index:poptable:country", NULL, NULL, &country_cursor));
error_check(session->open_cursor(session,
"index:poptable:country", NULL, NULL, &country_cursor2));
error_check(session->open_cursor(session,
"index:poptable:immutable_year", NULL, NULL, &year_cursor));
/*
* select values WHERE (country == "AU" OR country == "UK")
* AND year > 1900
*
* First, set up the join representing the country clause.
*/
country_cursor->set_key(country_cursor, "AU\0\0\0");
error_check(country_cursor->search(country_cursor));
error_check(session->join(session, subjoin_cursor,
country_cursor, "operation=or,compare=eq,count=10"));
country_cursor2->set_key(country_cursor2, "UK\0\0\0");
error_check(country_cursor2->search(country_cursor2));
error_check(session->join(session, subjoin_cursor,
country_cursor2, "operation=or,compare=eq,count=10"));
/* Join that to the top join, and add the year clause */
error_check(session->join(session, join_cursor, subjoin_cursor, NULL));
year_cursor->set_key(year_cursor, (uint16_t)1900);
error_check(year_cursor->search(year_cursor));
error_check(session->join(session,
join_cursor, year_cursor, "compare=gt,count=10,strategy=bloom"));
/* List the values that are joined */
while ((ret = join_cursor->next(join_cursor)) == 0) {
error_check(join_cursor->get_key(join_cursor, &recno));
error_check(join_cursor->get_value(
join_cursor, &country, &year, &population));
printf("ID %" PRIu64, recno);
printf(
": country %s, year %" PRIu16 ", population %" PRIu64 "\n",
country, year, population);
}
scan_end_check(ret == WT_NOTFOUND);
/*! [Complex join cursors] */
error_check(join_cursor->close(join_cursor));
error_check(subjoin_cursor->close(subjoin_cursor));
error_check(country_cursor->close(country_cursor));
error_check(country_cursor2->close(country_cursor2));
error_check(year_cursor->close(year_cursor));
error_check(conn->close(conn, NULL));
return (EXIT_SUCCESS);
}
