bool DenseLinAlgPack::comp(const DMatrixSlice& gms1, BLAS_Cpp::Transp trans1
  , const DMatrixSlice& gms2, BLAS_Cpp::Transp trans2)
{
  for(size_type i = 1; i < my_min(gms1.cols(),gms2.cols()); ++i)
    if( !comp( col(gms1,trans1,i) , col( gms2, trans2, i ) ) ) return false;
  return true;
}
void DenseLinAlgPack::Vp_StMtV(DVectorSlice* vs_lhs, value_type alpha, const DMatrixSlice& gms_rhs1
  , BLAS_Cpp::Transp trans_rhs1, const DVectorSlice& vs_rhs2, value_type beta)
{
  Vp_MtV_assert_sizes(vs_lhs->dim(), gms_rhs1.rows()	, gms_rhs1.cols(), trans_rhs1
    , vs_rhs2.dim());
  BLAS_Cpp::gemv(trans_rhs1,gms_rhs1.rows(),gms_rhs1.cols(),alpha,gms_rhs1.col_ptr(1)
    ,gms_rhs1.max_rows(), vs_rhs2.raw_ptr(),vs_rhs2.stride(),beta,vs_lhs->raw_ptr()
    ,vs_lhs->stride());
}
void DenseLinAlgPack::M_StMtInvM(DMatrix* gm_lhs, value_type alpha, const DMatrixSlice& gms_rhs1
  , BLAS_Cpp::Transp trans_rhs1, const DMatrixSliceTri& tri_rhs2
  , BLAS_Cpp::Transp trans_rhs2)
{
  MtM_assert_sizes(	  gms_rhs1.rows(), gms_rhs1.cols(), trans_rhs1
            , tri_rhs2.gms().rows(), tri_rhs2.gms().cols(), trans_rhs2		);
  gm_lhs->resize(	  rows(gms_rhs1.rows(), gms_rhs1.cols(), trans_rhs1)
          , cols(tri_rhs2.gms().rows(), tri_rhs2.gms().cols(), trans_rhs2)		);
  i_trsm_alt(BLAS_Cpp::right,alpha,tri_rhs2,trans_rhs2,gms_rhs1,trans_rhs1,&(*gm_lhs)());
}
void DenseLinAlgPack::syrk(BLAS_Cpp::Transp trans, value_type alpha, const DMatrixSlice& gms_rhs
  , value_type beta, DMatrixSliceSym* sym_lhs)
{
  Mp_MtM_assert_sizes(	  sym_lhs->gms().rows(), sym_lhs->gms().cols(), BLAS_Cpp::no_trans
              , gms_rhs.rows(), gms_rhs.cols(), trans
              , gms_rhs.rows(), gms_rhs.cols(), trans_not(trans) );
  BLAS_Cpp::syrk(sym_lhs->uplo(),trans,sym_lhs->gms().rows()
    ,cols(gms_rhs.rows(), gms_rhs.cols(), trans),alpha
    ,gms_rhs.col_ptr(1),gms_rhs.max_rows(),beta
    ,sym_lhs->gms().col_ptr(1),sym_lhs->gms().max_rows() );
}
void DenseLinAlgPack::Mp_StMtM(DMatrixSlice* gms_lhs, value_type alpha, const DMatrixSlice& gms_rhs1
  , BLAS_Cpp::Transp trans_rhs1, const DMatrixSlice& gms_rhs2
  , BLAS_Cpp::Transp trans_rhs2, value_type beta)
{
  Mp_MtM_assert_sizes(	  gms_lhs->rows(), gms_lhs->cols(), BLAS_Cpp::no_trans
              , gms_rhs1.rows(), gms_rhs1.cols(), trans_rhs1
              , gms_rhs2.rows(), gms_rhs2.cols(), trans_rhs2);
  BLAS_Cpp::gemm(trans_rhs1,trans_rhs2,gms_lhs->rows(),gms_lhs->cols()
    ,cols(gms_rhs1.rows(),gms_rhs1.cols(),trans_rhs1)
    ,alpha,gms_rhs1.col_ptr(1),gms_rhs1.max_rows()
    ,gms_rhs2.col_ptr(1),gms_rhs2.max_rows()
    ,beta,gms_lhs->col_ptr(1),gms_lhs->max_rows() );
}
// gm_lhs = op(gms_rhs)
void DenseLinAlgPack::assign(DMatrix* gm_lhs, const DMatrixSlice& gms_rhs, BLAS_Cpp::Transp trans_rhs)
{
  if(gm_lhs->overlap(gms_rhs) == SAME_MEM && trans_rhs == BLAS_Cpp::no_trans) return;	// assignment to self
  if(gm_lhs->overlap(gms_rhs) != NO_OVERLAP) {
    // some overlap so we must create a copy
    DMatrix tmp(gms_rhs);
    resize_gm_lhs(gm_lhs,gms_rhs.rows(),gms_rhs.cols(),trans_rhs);
    i_assign(&(*gm_lhs)(), tmp(), trans_rhs);
  }
  else {
    // no overlap so just assign
    resize_gm_lhs(gm_lhs,gms_rhs.rows(),gms_rhs.cols(),trans_rhs);
    i_assign(&(*gm_lhs)(), gms_rhs, trans_rhs);
  }
}
void DenseLinAlgPack::Mp_StM(DMatrixSlice* gms_lhs, value_type alpha, const DMatrixSlice& gms_rhs
  , BLAS_Cpp::Transp trans_rhs)
{
  Mp_M_assert_sizes(gms_lhs->rows(), gms_lhs->cols(), BLAS_Cpp::no_trans
    , gms_rhs.rows(), gms_rhs.cols(), trans_rhs);
  for(DMatrixSlice::size_type j = 1; j <= gms_lhs->cols(); ++j)
    Vp_StV( &gms_lhs->col(j), alpha, col(gms_rhs,trans_rhs,j) );	
}
void DenseLinAlgPack::M_diagVtM( DMatrixSlice* gms_lhs, const DVectorSlice& vs_rhs
                , const DMatrixSlice& gms_rhs, BLAS_Cpp::Transp trans_rhs )
{
  Mp_M_assert_sizes(gms_lhs->rows(), gms_lhs->cols(), BLAS_Cpp::no_trans
    , gms_rhs.rows(), gms_rhs.cols(), trans_rhs);
  for(DMatrixSlice::size_type j = 1; j <= gms_lhs->cols(); ++j)
    prod( &gms_lhs->col(j), vs_rhs, col(gms_rhs,trans_rhs,j) );
}
inline 
/// Assert a matrix is square and throws length_error if it is not (LINALGPACK_CHECK_SLICE_SETUP).
void assert_gms_square(const DMatrixSlice& gms) {
#ifdef LINALGPACK_CHECK_SLICE_SETUP
  if(gms.rows() != gms.cols())
    throw std::length_error("Matrix must be square");
#endif
} 
void DenseLinAlgPack::M_StInvMtM(DMatrixSlice* gms_lhs, value_type alpha, const DMatrixSliceTri& tri_rhs1
  , BLAS_Cpp::Transp trans_rhs1, const DMatrixSlice& gms_rhs2
  , BLAS_Cpp::Transp trans_rhs2)
{
  Mp_MtM_assert_sizes(	  gms_lhs->rows(), gms_lhs->cols(), BLAS_Cpp::no_trans
              , tri_rhs1.gms().rows(), tri_rhs1.gms().cols(), trans_rhs1
              , gms_rhs2.rows(), gms_rhs2.cols(), trans_rhs2 );
  i_trsm_alt(BLAS_Cpp::left,alpha,tri_rhs1,trans_rhs1,gms_rhs2,trans_rhs2,gms_lhs);
}
void DenseLinAlgPack::Mp_StMtM(DMatrixSlice* gms_lhs, value_type alpha, const DMatrixSlice& gms_rhs1
  , BLAS_Cpp::Transp trans_rhs1, const DMatrixSliceSym& sym_rhs2
  , BLAS_Cpp::Transp trans_rhs2, value_type beta)
{
  Mp_MtM_assert_sizes(	  gms_lhs->rows(), gms_lhs->cols(), BLAS_Cpp::no_trans
              , gms_rhs1.rows(), gms_rhs1.cols(), trans_rhs1
              , sym_rhs2.gms().rows(), sym_rhs2.gms().cols(), trans_rhs2 );
  if(trans_rhs1 == BLAS_Cpp::no_trans) {
    i_symm(BLAS_Cpp::right,alpha,sym_rhs2,gms_rhs1,beta,gms_lhs);
  }
  else {
    // must make a temporary copy to call the BLAS
    DMatrix tmp;
    assign(&tmp,gms_rhs1,trans_rhs1);
    i_symm(BLAS_Cpp::right,alpha,sym_rhs2,tmp(),beta,gms_lhs);
  }
}
inline 
/** \brief . */
/* * Utility to check if a lhs matrix slice is the same size as a rhs matrix slice.
  *
  * A DMatrixSlice can not be resized since the rows_ property of the
  * DMatrix it came from will not be updated.  Allowing a DMatrixSlice
  * to resize from unsized would require that the DMatrixSlice carry
  * a reference to the DMatrix it was created from.  If this is needed
  * then it will be added.
  */
void assert_gms_lhs(const DMatrixSlice& gms_lhs, size_type rows, size_type cols
  , BLAS_Cpp::Transp trans_rhs = BLAS_Cpp::no_trans)
{
  if(trans_rhs == BLAS_Cpp::trans) std::swap(rows,cols);
  if(gms_lhs.rows() == rows && gms_lhs.cols() == cols) return; // same size
  // not the same size so is an error
  throw std::length_error("assert_gms_lhs(...):  lhs DMatrixSlice dim does not match rhs dim");
}
bool DenseLinAlgPack::assert_print_nan_inf( const DMatrixSlice& m
  , const std::string & name, bool throw_excpt, std::ostream* out )
{

  bool has_nan_or_inf = false;
  bool printed_header = false;

  for( size_type j = 1; j <= m.cols(); ++j ) {
    const DVectorSlice& v = m.col(j);
    for( DVectorSlice::const_iterator v_itr = v.begin(); v_itr != v.end(); ++v_itr ) {
      if( RTOp_is_nan_inf(*v_itr) ) {
        if(out) {
          if(!printed_header) {
            *out
              << "The matrix \"" << name
              << "\" has the following NaN or Inf entries\n";
            printed_header = true;
          }
          *out
            << name << "(" << v_itr - v.begin() + 1 << "," << j << ") = "
            << *v_itr << std::endl;
        }
        has_nan_or_inf = true;
      }
    }
  }

  if( has_nan_or_inf && throw_excpt ) {
    if(out)
      out->flush();
    std::ostringstream omsg;
    omsg
      << "assert_print_nan_inf(...) : Error, the matrix named "
      << name << " has at least one element which is NaN or Inf";
    throw NaNInfException( omsg.str() );
  }

  return has_nan_or_inf;
}
bool DenseLinAlgPack::comp(const DMatrixSlice& gms, value_type alpha)
{
  for(size_type i = 1; i < gms.cols(); ++i)
    if( !comp( gms.col(i) , alpha ) ) return false;
  return true;
}
// gms_lhs = op(gms_rhs)
void DenseLinAlgPack::assign(DMatrixSlice* gms_lhs, const DMatrixSlice& gms_rhs, BLAS_Cpp::Transp trans_rhs)
{
  assert_gms_lhs(*gms_lhs,gms_rhs.rows(),gms_rhs.cols(),trans_rhs);
  i_assign(gms_lhs, gms_rhs, trans_rhs);
}
inline
DMatrix::DMatrix(const DMatrixSlice& gms)
  : v_(gms.rows() * gms.cols()), rows_(gms.rows())
{	
  assign(this, gms, BLAS_Cpp::no_trans);
}