int main(int argc, char * argv[]){
TApplication app("app", &argc, argv);
plottingEngine.SetDefaultStyle();
// Load the Magboltz gas file
MediumMagboltz* gas = new MediumMagboltz();
gas->SetComposition("ar", 93., "co2", 7.);
gas->SetTemperature(293.15);
gas->SetPressure(760.);
gas->Initialise(true);
gas->LoadIonMobility("/opt/garfield/Data/IonMobility_Ar+_Ar.txt");
//
// Structure of Micromegas cell (from top to bottom):
//------------------------
// | Drift electrode (Vdrift = -2500 V)
// | Drift gap (Hdriftgap = 3 mm)
// | Mesh electrode (Vmesh = -500 V)
// | Amplification gap (Hampgap = 100 um)
// | Strips (Vstrip = 0 V)
//------------------------
//
ComponentElmer * elm = new ComponentElmer("elmer/mesh.header", "elmer/mesh.elements", "elmer/mesh.nodes","elmer/dielectrics.dat", "elmer/case.result","micron");
elm->SetMedium(0,gas);
////Finally we assemble a Sensor object
Sensor* sensor = new Sensor();
//// Calculate the electric field using the Component object cmp
sensor->AddComponent(elm);
//// Request signal calculation for the electrode named with labels above,
//// using the weighting field provided by the Component object cmp.
//sensor->AddElectrode(elm, "Strip1");
//sensor->AddElectrode(elm, "Strip2");
//sensor->AddElectrode(elm, "Strip3");
//// Set Time window for signal integration, units in [ns]
//double tMin = 0.;
//const double tMax = 100.;
//const double tStep = 0.05;
//const int nTimeBins = int((tMax - tMin) / tStep);
//sensor->SetTimeWindow(0., tStep, nTimeBins);
//// This canvas will be used to display the drift lines and the field
TCanvas * c = new TCanvas("c", "c", 10, 10, 1000, 700);
c->Divide(2,1);
//// Construct object to visualise drift lines
//ViewDrift* viewdrift = new ViewDrift();
//viewdrift->SetArea(-0.2, 0.0, -0.1, 0.2, 4,0.1 );
//viewdrift->SetClusterMarkerSize(0.1);
//viewdrift->SetCollisionMarkerSize(0.5);
//viewdrift->SetCanvas((TCanvas*)c->cd(1));
////For simulating the electron avalanche we use the class AvalancheMicroscopic
//AvalancheMicroscopic* aval = new AvalancheMicroscopic();
//const int aval_size = 0.1;
//aval->SetSensor(sensor);
//// Switch on signal calculation.
//aval->EnableSignalCalculation();
//aval->SetTimeWindow(tMin,tMax );
//aval->EnableAvalancheSizeLimit(aval_size);
//aval->EnablePlotting(viewdrift);
//aval->EnableDriftLines();
//aval->EnableMagneticField();
//// Additional optional switches
////aval->EnableExcitationMarkers();
////aval->EnableIonisationMarkers();
////Add ionizing particle using Heed
//// Here we add a negative pion with some momentum, units in [eV/c]
//const double energy = 170.e+09; // eV/c
//TrackHeed* track = new TrackHeed();
//track->SetParticle("muon");
//track->SetEnergy(energy);
//track->SetSensor(sensor);
//track->EnableMagneticField();
//track->EnableElectricField();
//track->EnablePlotting(viewdrift);
//// Cluster info
//double xcls, ycls, zcls, tcls, e, extra;
//xcls = ycls = zcls = tcls = e = extra = -999.;
//// Electron info
//double xele, yele, zele, tele, eele, dxele, dyele, dzele;
//// Electron start and endpoints, momentum direction and status
//double x0ele, y0ele, z0ele, t0ele, e0ele;// start point
//double x1ele, y1ele, z1ele, t1ele, e1ele;// endpoint
//double dx1ele, dy1ele, dz1ele; // momentum direction
//int status1ele; // status
//int n = 0; // number of electrons in cluster
//bool cls_ret;// return OK if cluster is OK
//bool cls_ret2;
//bool cls_ret3;
//bool cls_ret4;
//// The initial impact position of the incoming ionising track
//double track_x = 0.15;// [cm]
//double track_y = 0.3;
//double track_z = 0.0;
//// Momentum direction of incoming track
//double track_dx = -0.5;
//double track_dy = -0.5; // Track coming downstream
//double track_dz = 0.0;
//track->DisableDeltaElectronTransport();
//do
//{
//// Now create a single track
//track->NewTrack(track_x, track_y, track_z, tMin, track_dx, track_dy, track_dz);
//cls_ret = track->GetCluster(xcls, ycls, zcls, tcls, n, e, extra);
//std::cout<<"ycls="<<ycls<<std::endl;
//std::cout<<"ncls="<<n<<std::endl;
//std::cout<<"ecls="<<e<<std::endl;
//// Now loop over electrons in cluster
//for(int j = 1; j <= n; j++){
//track->GetElectron(j-1, xele, yele, zele, tele, eele, dxele, dyele, dzele);
//// Simulate an avalanche for the current electron
//aval->AvalancheElectron(xele, yele, zele, tele, eele, dxele, dyele, dzele);
//}
//track_x=xcls;
//track_y=ycls;
//track_z=zcls;
//tMin=tcls;
//std::cout<<"ycls="<<ycls<<std::endl;
//} while (track_y> 0 && cls_ret);
// Now plot the drift lines
//viewdrift->Plot();
// View the Field
ViewField * viewfield = new ViewField();
viewfield->SetComponent(elm);
viewfield->SetCanvas((TCanvas*)c->cd(1));
viewfield->SetPlane(-1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0);
viewfield->SetSensor(sensor);
//viewfield->SetArea(-5,0,5,0.3);
//viewfield->SetArea(-5,-5,5,5);
//viewfield->SetWeightingFieldRange(0.0, 10000.0);
//c->cd(1);
viewfield->PlotSurface();
app.Run();
return 0;
}
int main(int argc, char * argv[]) {
TStopwatch watch;
gRandom = new TRandom3(0); // set random seed
gROOT->ProcessLine(".L loader.c+"); // Initialize struct objects (see dictionaries)
// Gas setup
TString gasmixt[6] = { "C5H12", "CF4", "", "60", "40", "" };
TString output = gasmixt[0] + "-" + gasmixt[1] + "-" + gasmixt[2] + "-" + gasmixt[3] + "-" + gasmixt[4] + "-" + gasmixt[5];
std::string workingdir = "includes/";
workingdir.append("GEM5"); // Name of the working directory which contains the GEM files
workingdir.append("/");
std::string particleType = "mu";
Double_t particleEnergy = 100.e9;
bool debug = true;
Int_t it = 100;
// Load GEM dimensions
GEMconfig g;
loadGEMconfig(workingdir, g);
// Load the field map
ComponentAnsys123* fm = new ComponentAnsys123();
std::string efile = workingdir + "ELIST.lis";
std::string nfile = workingdir + "NLIST.lis";
std::string mfile = workingdir + "MPLIST.lis";
std::string sfile = workingdir + "PRNSOL.lis";
std::string wfile = workingdir + "WSOL.lis";
std::string dfile = workingdir + "WSOLD.lis";
if(!fm->Initialise(efile, nfile, mfile, sfile, "mm")) {
std::cout << "Error while loading the ANSYS field map files." << std::endl;
}
fm->EnableMirrorPeriodicityX();
fm->EnableMirrorPeriodicityY();
if(debug) {
fm->PrintRange();
}
fm->SetWeightingField(wfile, "readout");
fm->SetWeightingField(dfile, "ions");
// Gas setup
MediumMagboltz* gas = new MediumMagboltz();
gas->SetComposition((std::string)gasmixt[0], atof(gasmixt[3]), (std::string)gasmixt[1], atof(gasmixt[4]), (std::string)gasmixt[2], atof(gasmixt[5]));
gas->SetTemperature(293.15);
gas->SetPressure(760.0);
//gas->SetMaxElectronEnergy(200.);
gas->EnableDebugging();
gas->Initialise();
gas->DisableDebugging();
//const double rPenning = 0.57;
//const double lambdaPenning = 0.;
//gas->EnablePenningTransfer(rPenning, lambdaPenning, "ar");
gas->LoadIonMobility(GARFIELD + "Data/IonMobility_Ar+_Ar.txt");
//gas->LoadIonMobility(GARFIELD + "Data/IonMobility_CO2+_CO2");
//Associate the gas with the corresponding field map material.
const int nMaterials = fm->GetNumberOfMaterials();
for(int i=0; i<nMaterials; ++i) {
const double eps = fm->GetPermittivity(i);
if(fabs(eps - 1.) < 1.e-3) fm->SetMedium(i, gas);
}
if(debug) {
fm->PrintMaterials();
}
// Sensor setup
Sensor* sensor = new Sensor();
sensor->AddComponent(fm);
sensor->SetArea(-5.*(g.pitch), -5.*(g.pitch), 0.0, 5.*(g.pitch), 5.*(g.pitch), g.totalT);
// Setup HEED
TrackHeed* heed = new TrackHeed();
heed->SetSensor(sensor);
//heed->DisableDeltaElectronTransport();
heed->SetParticle(particleType);
heed->SetMomentum(particleEnergy);
if(debug) {
heed->EnableDebugging();
}
// Setup electron transport
AvalancheMicroscopic* aval = new AvalancheMicroscopic();
aval->SetSensor(sensor);
//aval->EnableAvalancheSizeLimit(1000);
sensor->AddElectrode(fm, "readout");
sensor->AddElectrode(fm, "ions");
const double tMin = 0.;
const double tMax = 75.;
const double tStep = 0.2;
const int nTimeBins = int((tMax - tMin)/tStep);
sensor->SetTimeWindow(0., tStep, nTimeBins);
aval->EnableSignalCalculation();
ViewSignal* signalView = new ViewSignal();
signalView->SetSensor(sensor);
TH1D* h; // tmp storage of timing histogram
// Setup ion transport
AvalancheMC* iondrift = new AvalancheMC();
iondrift->SetSensor(sensor);
iondrift->EnableSignalCalculation();
iondrift->SetDistanceSteps(2e-4);
// Calculate avalanche
int ne, ni, np, status, nc;
double ec, extra;
double x0, y0, z0, t0, e0, x1, y1, z1, t1, e1, x2, y2, z2, t2, e2, x3, y3, z3, t3, e3;
double vx0, vy0, vz0, vx1, vy1, vz1;
TRandom3 r;
r.SetSeed(0);
TString savefile = workingdir + "output/" + output + ".root";
TFile f(savefile, "recreate");
TDirectory *dir = f.mkdir("signals");
dir->cd();
// Prepare tree for charged particle and clusters
particle p;
TTree *pTree = new TTree("pTree", "Charged particle");
pTree->Branch("x0", &p.x0);
pTree->Branch("y0", &p.y0);
pTree->Branch("z0", &p.z0);
pTree->Branch("vx0", &p.vx0);
pTree->Branch("vy0", &p.vy0);
pTree->Branch("vz0", &p.vz0);
pTree->Branch("t0", &p.t0);
pTree->Branch("e0", &p.e0);
pTree->Branch("type", "TString", &p.type);
pTree->Branch("noClusters", &p.noClusters);
pTree->Branch("stoppingpower", &p.stoppingPower);
pTree->Branch("lambda", &p.lambda);
pTree->Branch("clusters", "std::vector<cluster>", &p.clusters);
// Prepare tree for electrons
avalancheE aE;
TTree *ETree = new TTree("eTree", "Avalanche electrons");
ETree->Branch("x0", &aE.x0);
ETree->Branch("y0", &aE.y0);
ETree->Branch("z0", &aE.z0);
ETree->Branch("vx0", &aE.vx0);
ETree->Branch("vy0", &aE.vy0);
ETree->Branch("vz0", &aE.vz0);
ETree->Branch("t0", &aE.t0);
ETree->Branch("e0", &aE.e0);
ETree->Branch("ne", &aE.ne);
ETree->Branch("x1", &aE.x1);
ETree->Branch("y1", &aE.y1);
ETree->Branch("z1", &aE.z1);
ETree->Branch("t1", &aE.t1);
ETree->Branch("e1", &aE.e1);
ETree->Branch("x2", &aE.x2);
ETree->Branch("y2", &aE.y2);
ETree->Branch("z2", &aE.z2);
ETree->Branch("t2", &aE.t2);
ETree->Branch("e2", &aE.e2);
ETree->Branch("status", &aE.status);
// Prepare tree for ions
avalancheI aI;
TTree *ITree = new TTree("iTree", "Avalanche ions");
ITree->Branch("x0", &aI.x0);
ITree->Branch("y0", &aI.y0);
ITree->Branch("z0", &aI.z0);
ITree->Branch("t0", &aI.t0);
ITree->Branch("ni", &aI.ni);
ITree->Branch("x1", &aI.x1);
ITree->Branch("y1", &aI.y1);
ITree->Branch("z1", &aI.z1);
ITree->Branch("t1", &aI.t1);
ITree->Branch("x2", &aI.x2);
ITree->Branch("y2", &aI.y2);
ITree->Branch("z2", &aI.z2);
ITree->Branch("t2", &aI.t2);
ITree->Branch("status", &aI.status);
// Start iteration
std::cout << "---------------------------------------------------------------" << std::endl;
for(int i=0; i<it; i++) {
if(debug) {
std::cout << "Progress: " << 100.*(i+1)/it << "%" << std::endl;
}
system("mail -s 'timeResolution10' [email protected] <<< 'Progress: " + int2str(i) + "' ");
// Set random velocity direction, in positive hemisphere
const double ctheta = 1. - r.Uniform();
const double stheta = sqrt(1. - ctheta*ctheta);
const double phi = TwoPi*r.Uniform();
vx0 = cos(phi)*stheta;
vy0 = sin(phi)*stheta;
vz0 = ctheta;
// Set initial time
t0 = 0.0;
// Generate random (x,y) position in unit cell
x0 = r.Uniform()*g.pitch/2;
y0 = r.Uniform()*g.pitch*TMath::Sqrt(3)/2;
z0 = 0.;
// Set muon perpendicular in midpoint of GEM
x0 = 0.;
y0 = 0.;
vx0 = 0.;
vy0 = 0.;
vz0 = 1.;
heed->NewTrack(x0, y0, z0, t0, vx0, vy0, vz0); // generate particle track
// Storage of TRACK coordinates and primary ionization properties
p.x0 = x0;
p.y0 = y0;
p.z0 = z0;
p.vx0 = vx0;
p.vy0 = vy0;
p.vz0 = vz0;
p.t0 = t0;
p.e0 = particleEnergy;
p.type = particleType;
p.noClusters = 0;
p.lambda = 1/heed->GetClusterDensity();
p.stoppingPower = heed->GetStoppingPower();
// Loop over clusters
int l=0;
while(heed->GetCluster(x0, y0, z0, t0, nc, ec, extra)) {
// Skip the clusters which are not in the drift region
if(z0 > g.driftT) {
continue;
}
if(debug) {
std::cout << " cluster " << l << " (# electrons = " << nc << ", ec = " << ec <<" )" << std::endl;
}
cluster c;
// Storage of cluster information
p.noClusters++;
c.x0 = x0;
c.y0 = y0;
c.z0 = z0;
c.t0 = t0;
c.nc = nc; // amount of primary electrons
c.ec = ec; // energy transferred to gas
// Loop over electrons in cluster
for(int j=0; j<nc; j++) {
heed->GetElectron(j, x1, y1, z1, t1, e1, vx1, vy1, vz1);
c.x1.push_back(x1);
c.y1.push_back(y1);
c.z1.push_back(z1);
c.t1.push_back(t1);
c.e1.push_back(e1);
c.vx1.push_back(vx1);
c.vy1.push_back(vy1);
c.vz1.push_back(vz1);
// Calculate the drift of electrons and ions
aval->AvalancheElectron(x1, y1, z1, t1, e1, vx1, vy1, vz1);
aval->GetAvalancheSize(ne, ni);
np = aval->GetNumberOfElectronEndpoints();
if(debug) {
std::cout << " avalanche electrons = " << np << std::endl;
}
aE.ne = ne;
aE.x0 = x1;
aE.y0 = y1;
aE.z0 = z1;
aE.vx0 = vx1;
aE.vy0 = vy1;
aE.vz0 = vz1;
aE.t0 = t1;
aE.e0 = e1;
aI.ni = ni;
aI.x0 = x1;
aI.y0 = y1;
aI.z0 = z1;
aI.t0 = t1;
// Loop over all electrons in avalanche
for(int k=0; k<np; k++) {
aval->GetElectronEndpoint(k, x2, y2, z2, t2, e2, x3, y3, z3, t3, e3, status);
aE.x1.push_back(x2);
aE.y1.push_back(y2);
aE.z1.push_back(z2);
aE.t1.push_back(t2);
aE.e1.push_back(e2);
aE.x2.push_back(x3);
aE.y2.push_back(y3);
aE.z2.push_back(z3);
aE.t2.push_back(t3);
aE.e2.push_back(e3);
aE.status.push_back(status);
iondrift->DriftIon(x2, y2, z2, t2);
iondrift->GetIonEndpoint(0, x2, y2, z2, t2, x3, y3, z3, t3, status);
aI.x1.push_back(x2);
aI.y1.push_back(y2);
aI.z1.push_back(z2);
aI.t1.push_back(t2);
aI.x2.push_back(x3);
aI.y2.push_back(y3);
aI.z2.push_back(z3);
aI.t2.push_back(t3);
aI.status.push_back(status);
}
ETree->Fill();
ITree->Fill();
// Reset vectors
aE.x1.clear();
aE.y1.clear();
aE.z1.clear();
aE.t1.clear();
aE.e1.clear();
aE.x2.clear();
aE.y2.clear();
aE.z2.clear();
aE.t2.clear();
aE.e2.clear();
aE.status.clear();
aI.x1.clear();
aI.y1.clear();
aI.z1.clear();
aI.t1.clear();
aI.e1.clear();
aI.x2.clear();
aI.y2.clear();
aI.z2.clear();
aI.t2.clear();
aI.e2.clear();
aI.status.clear();
}
p.clusters.push_back(c);
l++;
}
pTree->Fill();
p.clusters.clear();
signalView->PlotSignal("readout");
h = signalView->GetHistogram();
h->Write("signal");
sensor->SetTransferFunction(transferf);
sensor->ConvoluteSignal();
signalView->PlotSignal("readout");
h = signalView->GetHistogram();
h->Write("signalT");
sensor->ClearSignal();
}
f.cd(); // go to top directory
ETree->Write();
ITree->Write();
pTree->Write();
f.Close();
std::cout << "--------------- TIMING ---------------" << std::endl;
std::cout << watch.CpuTime() << std::endl;
return 0;
}
int main(int argc, char * argv[])
{
string output_file = "data.txt";
srand (time(NULL));
double gas_pressure = 760.;
double gas_temperature = 273.15;
double particle_energy = 4.e9; // eV/c
double top_voltage = -180.;
double mesh_voltage = 0.;
double bottom_voltage = 500;
double conc_ar = 93.;
double conc_co2 = 7.;
int cp;
while (1)
{
static struct option long_options[] =
{
/* These options set a flag. */
// {"verbose", no_argument, &verbose_flag, 1},
// {"brief", no_argument, &verbose_flag, 0},
/* These options don’t set a flag.
We distinguish them by their indices. */
{"output_file", required_argument, 0, 'o'},
{"gas_pressure", required_argument, 0, 'p'},
{"gas_temperature", required_argument, 0, 't'},
{"particle_energy", required_argument, 0, 'e'},
{"top_voltage", required_argument, 0, 'x'},
{"mesh_voltage", required_argument, 0, 'y'},
{"bottom_voltage", required_argument, 0, 'z'},
{"conc_ar", required_argument, 0, 'a'},
{"conc_co2", required_argument, 0, 'c'},
{0, 0, 0, 0}
};
/* getopt_long stores the option index here. */
int option_index = 0;
cp = getopt_long (argc, argv, "p:t:e:o:x:y:z:a:c:", long_options, &option_index);
/* Detect the end of the options. */
if (cp == -1)
break;
switch (cp)
{
case 0:
/* If this option set a flag, do nothing else now. */
if (long_options[option_index].flag != 0)
break;
printf ("option %s", long_options[option_index].name);
if (optarg)
printf (" with arg %s", optarg);
printf ("\n");
break;
case 'o':
printf ("Setting output file to `%s'\n", optarg);
output_file = string(optarg);
break;
case 'p':
printf ("Setting gas pressure to `%s'\n", optarg);
gas_pressure = stod(optarg);
break;
case 't':
printf ("Setting gas temperature to `%s'\n", optarg);
gas_temperature = stod(optarg);
break;
case 'e':
printf ("Setting particle energy to `%s'\n", optarg);
particle_energy = stod(optarg);
break;
case 'x':
printf ("Setting top voltage to `%s'\n", optarg);
top_voltage = stod(optarg);
break;
case 'y':
printf ("Setting mesh voltage to `%s'\n", optarg);
mesh_voltage = stod(optarg);
break;
case 'z':
printf ("Setting bottom voltage to `%s'\n", optarg);
bottom_voltage = stod(optarg);
break;
case 'a':
printf ("Setting Ar conc to `%s'\n", optarg);
conc_ar = stod(optarg);
break;
case 'c':
printf ("Setting CO2 conc to `%s'\n", optarg);
conc_co2 = stod(optarg);
break;
case '?':
/* getopt_long already printed an error message. */
break;
default:
abort ();
break;
}
}
///* Print any remaining command line arguments (not options). */
//if (optind < argc)
//{
//printf ("non-option ARGV-elements: ");
//while (optind < argc)
//printf ("%s ", argv[optind++]);
//putchar ('\n');
//}
//TApplication app("app", &argc, argv);
//plottingEngine.SetDefaultStyle();
//
// Load the Magboltz gas file
MediumMagboltz* gas = new MediumMagboltz();
gas->SetComposition("ar", conc_ar, "co2", conc_co2);
gas->SetTemperature(gas_temperature);
gas->SetPressure(gas_pressure);
gas->Initialise(true);
gas->LoadIonMobility("/opt/garfield/Data/IonMobility_Ar+_Ar.txt");
//
// Structure of Micromegas cell (from top to bottom):
//------------------------
// | Drift electrode (Vdrift = -2500 V)
// | Drift gap (Hdriftgap = 3 mm)
// | Mesh electrode (Vmesh = -500 V)
// | Amplification gap (Hampgap = 100 um)
// | Strips (Vstrip = 0 V)
//------------------------
//
//
// We place 3 strips in z direction in order to
// be able to resolve the avalanche signal.
// Strips can be parametrized by width and pitch
//
// Units given in [cm]
const double Hdriftgap = 0.3; // Drift gap height
const double Hampgap = 0.0128; // Amplification gap height
const double Htot = Hdriftgap + Hampgap; // Total height
const double Pitch = 0.07; // Pitch
const double Interpitch = 0.01; // Distance between two strips
const double Wstrip = Pitch - Interpitch;
// Electrode potentials
const double Vdrift = top_voltage;
const double Vamp = mesh_voltage;
const double Vstrip = bottom_voltage;
// Magnetic field
const double MagX = 0.;
const double MagY = 0.;
const double MagZ = 0.;
// Geometry of the structure
// Parallel planes, SolidBox, height [cm]
// Width [cm]
const double w = 3.0; // x
// Length [cm]
const double l = 3.0; // y
GeometrySimple* geo = new GeometrySimple();
SolidBox* box = new SolidBox(0.,Htot/2.0, 0., w, Htot/2.0, l);
geo->AddSolid(box, gas);
//
// The Component requires a description of the geometry, that is a list of volumes
// and associated media.
// Here we construct 2 ComponentAnalyticalFields, to treat the
// arift region and the amplification separately
//
ComponentAnalyticField* cmpDrift = new ComponentAnalyticField();
ComponentAnalyticField* cmpAmp = new ComponentAnalyticField();
// Pass a pointer of the geometry class to the components.
cmpDrift->SetGeometry(geo);
cmpAmp->SetGeometry(geo);
// Now we add the planes for the electrodes with labels
cmpDrift->AddPlaneY(Htot, Vdrift, "DriftPlane");
cmpDrift->AddPlaneY(Hampgap, Vamp, "AmpPlane");
cmpAmp->AddPlaneY(Hampgap, Vamp, "AmpPlane");
cmpAmp->AddPlaneY(0.0, Vstrip, "StripPlane");
//Next we construct the Strips for readout of te signal, also with labels
double Xoffset = -w;
int n_strips_x = w*2/Pitch;
double Xstrips[n_strips_x];
//Finally we assemble a Sensor object
Sensor* sensor = new Sensor();
// Calculate the electric field using the Component object cmp
sensor->AddComponent(cmpDrift);
sensor->AddComponent(cmpAmp);
for(int j=0; j<n_strips_x; j++)
{
const char* name = ("Strip"+to_string(j)).c_str();
Xstrips[j]=Xoffset + Wstrip/2.0;
cmpAmp->AddStripOnPlaneY('z', 0.0, Xoffset, Xoffset + Wstrip, name);
Xoffset += Pitch;
cmpAmp->AddReadout(name);
sensor->AddElectrode(cmpAmp, name);
}
// Ion strip
cmpAmp->AddStripOnPlaneY('z', Htot, -w/2, w/2, "StripIon");
cmpAmp->AddReadout("StripIon");
sensor->AddElectrode(cmpAmp, "StripIon");
// Set constant magnetic field in [Tesla]
cmpDrift->SetMagneticField(MagX, MagY, MagZ);
// Set Time window for signal integration, units in [ns]
double tMin = 0.;
const double tMax = 100.;
const double tStep = 0.05;
const int nTimeBins = int((tMax - tMin) / tStep);
sensor->SetTimeWindow(0., tStep, nTimeBins);
double Ttime[nTimeBins];
for (int i = 0; i < nTimeBins; i++)
Ttime[i]= i * tStep;
//// This canvas will be used to display the drift lines and the field
//TCanvas * c = new TCanvas("c", "c", 10, 10, 1000, 700);
//c->Divide(2,1);
//// Construct object to visualise drift lines
//ViewDrift* viewdrift = new ViewDrift();
//viewdrift->SetArea(-0.2, 0.0, -0.1, 0.2, Htot,0.1 );
//viewdrift->SetClusterMarkerSize(0.1);
//viewdrift->SetCollisionMarkerSize(0.5);
//viewdrift->SetCanvas((TCanvas*)c->cd(1));
//For simulating the electron avalanche we use the class AvalancheMicroscopic
AvalancheMicroscopic* aval = new AvalancheMicroscopic();
//const int aval_size = 0.1;
aval->SetSensor(sensor);
// Switch on signal calculation.
aval->EnableSignalCalculation();
aval->SetTimeWindow(tMin,tMax );
//aval->EnableAvalancheSizeLimit(aval_size);
//aval->EnablePlotting(viewdrift);
aval->EnableDriftLines();
aval->EnableMagneticField();
// Additional optional switches
//aval->EnableExcitationMarkers();
//aval->EnableIonisationMarkers();
//Add ionizing particle using Heed
// Here we add a negative pion with some momentum, units in [eV/c]
TrackHeed* track = new TrackHeed();
track->SetParticle("muon");
track->SetEnergy(particle_energy);
track->SetSensor(sensor);
track->EnableMagneticField();
track->EnableElectricField();
//track->EnablePlotting(viewdrift);
// Cluster info
double xcls, ycls, zcls, tcls, e, extra;
xcls = ycls = zcls = tcls = e = extra = -999.;
// Electron info
double xele, yele, zele, tele, eele, dxele, dyele, dzele;
// Electron start and endpoints, momentum direction and status
double x0ele, y0ele, z0ele, t0ele, e0ele;// start point
double x1ele, y1ele, z1ele, t1ele, e1ele;// endpoint
double dx1ele, dy1ele, dz1ele; // momentum direction
int status1ele; // status
int n = 0; // number of electrons in cluster
bool cls_ret;// return OK if cluster is OK
bool cls_ret2;
bool cls_ret3;
bool cls_ret4;
// The initial impact position of the incoming ionising track
double track_x = 0.15;// [cm]
double track_y = 0.3;
double track_z = 0.0;
// Momentum direction of incoming track
double track_dx = -0.5;
double track_dy = -0.5; // Track coming downstream
double track_dz = 0.0;
TypeMode mode = MODE_POS_RND_DIR_PERP;
switch (mode)
{
default:
case MODE_FIX:
{
track_x = 0.15;
track_y = 0.3;
track_z = 0.0;
track_dx = -0.5;
track_dy = -0.5;
track_dz = 0.0;
break;
}
case MODE_POS_RND_DIR_PERP:
{
double r = ((double) rand() / (RAND_MAX));
track_x = (r-0.5)*2*w;
track_y = 0.3;
track_z = 0.0;
track_dx = 0.0;
track_dy = -1.;
track_dz = 0.0;
std::cout<<"random position for incoming particle; x="<<track_x<<std::endl;
break;
}
case MODE_POS_RND_DIR_RND:
{
double rr = ((double) rand() / (RAND_MAX));
track_x = (rr-0.5)*2*w;
track_y = 0.3;
track_z = 0.0;
double angle = (((double) rand() / (RAND_MAX)) -0.5 ) * M_PI;
track_dx = sin (angle);
track_dy = -cos (angle);
track_dz = 0.0;
std::cout<<"random position for incoming particle; x="<<track_x<<std::endl;
std::cout<<"random angle for incoming particle; angle="<<angle/M_PI*180.<<std::endl;
break;
}
}
int n_e, n_i;
int tot_ncls = 0;
double tot_ecls = 0;
int tot_n_e_aval = 0, tot_n_i_aval = 0;
int q=0;
// To accumulate the electron signal for all time for each strip separately
double QstripsTot[n_strips_x];
for (int j=0; j<n_strips_x; j++)
{
QstripsTot[j]=0;
}
// To accumulate the electron signal for all strip for each time separately
double QtimeTot[nTimeBins];
double QtimeIonTot[nTimeBins];
for (int i = 0; i < nTimeBins; i++)
{
QtimeTot[i] = 0;
QtimeIonTot[i] = 0;
}
int tot_nElastic=0, tot_nIonising=0, tot_nAttachment=0, tot_nInelastic=0, tot_nExcitation=0, tot_nSuperelastic=0;
//track->DisableDeltaElectronTransport(); // If electron transport is disabled, the number of electrons
// returned by GetCluster is the number of “primary” ionisation
// electrons, i. e. the photo-electrons and Auger electrons.
// Their kinetic energies and locations are accessible through the
// function GetElectron
do
{
// Now create a single track
track->NewTrack(track_x, track_y, track_z, tMin, track_dx, track_dy, track_dz);
cls_ret = track->GetCluster(xcls, ycls, zcls, tcls, n, e, extra);
std::cout<<"ycls="<<ycls<<std::endl;
std::cout<<"ncls="<<n<<std::endl; // primary electrons generated in current interaction
std::cout<<"ecls="<<e<<std::endl; // transferred energy from particle to electrons
tot_ncls += n; // no of primary electrons generated in detector
tot_ecls += e; // total energy lost by particle in detector
// Now loop over electrons in cluster
for(int j = 1; j <= n; j++)
{
track->GetElectron(j-1, xele, yele, zele, tele, eele, dxele, dyele, dzele);
// Simulate an avalanche for the current electron
aval->AvalancheElectron(xele, yele, zele, tele, eele, dxele, dyele, dzele);
aval->GetAvalancheSize(n_e, n_i);
std::cout<<"n_e="<<n_e<<std::endl; // no of electrons generated in current interaction
std::cout<<"n_i="<<n_i<<std::endl; // no of ions generated in current interaction
tot_n_e_aval += n_e; // no of electrons generated in total
tot_n_i_aval += n_i; // no of electrons generated in total
}
track_x=xcls;
track_y=ycls;
track_z=zcls;
tMin=tcls;
int nElastic;
int nIonising;
int nAttachment;
int nInelastic;
int nExcitation;
int nSuperelastic;
gas-> GetNumberOfElectronCollisions(nElastic,nIonising,nAttachment,nInelastic,nExcitation,nSuperelastic);
std::cout<<"nElastic="<<nElastic<<std::endl;
std::cout<<"nIonising="<<nIonising<<std::endl;
std::cout<<"nAttachment="<<nAttachment<<std::endl;
std::cout<<"nInelastic="<<nInelastic<<std::endl;
std::cout<<"nExcitation="<<nExcitation<<std::endl;
std::cout<<"nSuperelastic="<<nSuperelastic<<std::endl;
tot_nElastic += nElastic;
tot_nIonising += nIonising;
tot_nAttachment += nAttachment;
tot_nInelastic += nInelastic;
tot_nExcitation += nExcitation;
tot_nSuperelastic += nSuperelastic;
// To get Signal from each strip we get the it from each sensor
// by integrating over time
for (int j=0; j<n_strips_x; j++)
{
const char* name = ("Strip"+to_string(j)).c_str();
for(int i = 0; i < nTimeBins; i++)
{
double value = sensor->GetElectronSignal(name, i);
if (std::isnan(value) == false )
{
QstripsTot[j] += value;
QtimeTot[i] += value;
}
}
}
for(int i = 0; i < nTimeBins; i++)
{
QtimeIonTot[i] += sensor->GetIonSignal("StripIon", i);
}
//// Sanity check
//double sum_q_time = 0;
//double sum_q_strip = 0;
//for (int j=0; j<n_strips_x; j++)
//sum_q_strip += QstripsTot[j];
//for(int i = 0; i < nTimeBins; i++)
//sum_q_time += QtimeTot[i];
//if (sum_q_strip != sum_q_time)
//{
//cout << "WARNING: sum_q_strip != sum_q_time" << endl;
//cout << "sum_q_strip: " << sum_q_strip << endl;
//cout << "sum_q_time: " << sum_q_time << endl;
//}
// Now calculate the reconstructed pion position in the Micromegas
// using the weighted average of the Strip signals
double x_mean = 0.0;
double x_sum_a = 0;
double x_sum_b = 0;
for (int j=0; j<n_strips_x; j++)
{
x_sum_a += QstripsTot[j] * Xstrips[j];
x_sum_b += QstripsTot[j];
}
x_mean = x_sum_a/x_sum_b;
std::cout << "---------------------------" << std::endl;
std::cout << "XMean: " << x_mean << " cm, XTrue: " << track_x << " cm" << std::endl;
std::cout << "XTrue - XMean: " << fabs(track_x - x_mean)*10000.0 << " um" << std::endl;
std::cout << "---------------------------" << std::endl;
// Now calculate the reconstructed pion time in the Micromegas
// using the weighted average of the Strip signals
double t_mean = 0.0;
double t_sum_a = 0;
double t_sum_b = 0;
for (int i=0; i<nTimeBins; i++)
{
t_sum_a += QtimeTot[i] * Ttime[i];
t_sum_b += QtimeTot[i];
}
t_mean = t_sum_a/t_sum_b;
std::cout << "---------------------------" << std::endl;
std::cout << "TMean: " << x_mean << " ns, TTrue: " << 0 << " ns" << std::endl;
std::cout << "TTrue - TMean: " << fabs(0 - t_mean) << " ns" << std::endl;
std::cout << "---------------------------" << std::endl;
std::cout<<"ycls="<<ycls<<std::endl;
if (cls_ret > 0)
q++;
} while (track_y> 0 && cls_ret > 0);
std::cout<<"tot_nElastic="<<tot_nElastic<<std::endl;
std::cout<<"tot_nIonising="<<tot_nIonising<<std::endl;
std::cout<<"tot_nAttachment="<<tot_nAttachment<<std::endl;
std::cout<<"tot_nInelastic="<<tot_nInelastic<<std::endl;
std::cout<<"tot_nExcitation="<<tot_nExcitation<<std::endl;
std::cout<<"tot_nSuperelastic="<<tot_nSuperelastic<<std::endl;
typedef std::numeric_limits< double > dbl;
std::ofstream myfile;
myfile.open (output_file, std::ios::app );
if (myfile.tellp() <= 10)
{
myfile << "# pressure, temperature, conc_Ar, conc_CO2, top_voltage, mesh_voltage, bottom_voltage, particle_energy, tot_ncls, tot_ecls, tot_n_e_aval, tot_n_i_aval, tnElastic, tnIonising, tnAttachment, tnInelastic, tnExcitation, tnSuperelastic, nr_interactions,";
for (int j=0; j < n_strips_x; j++)
myfile << "QStrip" << j << " (x:" << Xstrips[j] << "),";
for (int i=0; i < nTimeBins; i++)
myfile << "QTime" << i << " (t:" << Ttime[i] << "),";
for (int i=0; i < nTimeBins; i++)
myfile << "QIon" << i << " (t:" << Ttime[i] << "),";
myfile << endl;
}
myfile.precision(dbl::max_digits10);
myfile
// Initial GAS
<< gas_pressure << " , "
<< gas_temperature << " , "
<< conc_ar << " , "
<< conc_co2 << " , "
// voltage
<< top_voltage << " , "
<< mesh_voltage << " , "
<< bottom_voltage << " , "
// Initial Particle
<< particle_energy << " , "
// Final state
<< tot_ncls << " , "
<< tot_ecls << " , "
<< tot_n_e_aval << " , "
<< tot_n_i_aval << " , "
<< tot_nElastic << " , "
<< tot_nIonising << " , "
<< tot_nAttachment << " , "
<< tot_nInelastic << " , "
<< tot_nExcitation << " , "
<< tot_nSuperelastic << " , "
<< q << " , ";
for (int j=0; j<n_strips_x; j++)
myfile << QstripsTot[j] << " , " ;
for (int i=0; i < nTimeBins; i++)
myfile << QtimeTot[i] << " , " ;
for (int i=0; i < nTimeBins; i++)
myfile << QtimeIonTot[i] << " , " ;
myfile << std::endl;
myfile.close();
// -- Plotting --
// Now plot the drift lines
//viewdrift->Plot();
//// View the Field
//ViewField * viewfield = new ViewField();
//viewfield->SetComponent(cmpAmp);
//viewfield->SetSensor(sensor);
//viewfield->SetCanvas((TCanvas*)c->cd(2));
//viewfield->SetWeightingFieldRange(0.0, 10000.0);
//c->cd(2);
//viewfield->PlotContour();
//// View the strip signals
//TCanvas * c2 = new TCanvas("c2", "c2", 1000, 20, 700, 500);
//ViewSignal* signalView = new ViewSignal();
//signalView->SetSensor(sensor);
//signalView->SetCanvas(c2);
//if(Qstrip1 > 0)signalView->PlotSignal("Strip1");
//if(Qstrip2 > 0)signalView->PlotSignal("Strip2");
//if(Qstrip3 > 0)signalView->PlotSignal("Strip3");
//app.Run();
return 0;
}
int main(int argc, char * argv[]) {
TApplication app("app", &argc, argv);
const double pressure = 1 * AtmosphericPressure;
const double temperature = 273.15;
// Setup the gas.
MediumMagboltz* gas = new MediumMagboltz();
gas->SetTemperature(temperature);
gas->SetPressure(pressure);
gas->SetComposition("Ar", 66.4, "iC4H10", 33.6);
//**ONLY NEED THIS SECTION IF YOU NEED TO SETUP A NEW GASTABLE**//
//Set the field range to be covered by the gas table.
const int nFields = 20;
const double emin = 100.;
const double emax = 10000.;
//Flag to request logarithmic spacing.
const bool useLog = true;
gas->SetFieldGrid(emin, emax, nFields, useLog);
const int ncoll = 10;
// Switch on debugging to print the Magboltz output.
gas->DisableDebugging();
// Run Magboltz to generate the gas table.
gas->GenerateGasTable(ncoll);
//gas->DisableDebugging();
//Save the table.
gas->WriteGasFile("ar_66_ic4h10_34.gas");
//If using a different gas, will need to load the correct gasfile//
gas->LoadGasFile("ar_66_ic4h10_34.gas");
ComponentAnalyticField* cmp = new ComponentAnalyticField();
//Define radius of sense wire, diameter of field wire, dimensions of tube//
const double rWire= 0.00125, dfWire=0.015;
const double rTube= 1;
const double lTube= 53.5;
//Setup geometry//
GeometrySimple* geo = new GeometrySimple();
SolidBox* tube = new SolidBox(0.,0.,0.,rTube,rTube,lTube);
//Add tube and gas to geometry//
geo->AddSolid(tube, gas);
//Add geometry to analytic field//
cmp->SetGeometry(geo);
//Setup and add wires and tube to the field, may not need a tube//
const double vWire= 2700.;
//const double vTube = 0.;
cmp->AddWire(0.,0., 2*rWire, vWire, "s");
cmp->AddWire(rTube/2,0, dfWire, -1900, "g1");
cmp->AddWire(-rTube/2,0, dfWire,-1900, "g1");
cmp->AddWire(0,rTube/2, dfWire, -2400, "g4");
cmp->AddWire(0,-rTube/2, dfWire, -2400, "g4");
cmp->AddWire(.5,.5, dfWire, 0., "g5");
cmp->AddWire(0.5,-.5, dfWire, 0., "g5");
cmp->AddWire(-0.5,.5, dfWire, 0., "g5");
cmp->AddWire(-0.5,-.5, dfWire, 0., "g5");
//Repeat components every 1 unit (cm)//
cmp->SetPeriodicityY(1);
cmp->AddReadout("s");
//Create sensor and add component field to it, not always necessary unless calculating signals//
Sensor* sensor=new Sensor();
sensor->AddComponent(cmp);
sensor->AddElectrode(cmp, "s");
//Visualize the field//
ViewField* field= new ViewField();
field->SetSensor(sensor);
//May need to change the range//
field->SetElectricFieldRange(0, 10000.);
field->PlotContour("e");
//Prepare to make a plot of drift velocity versus electric field//
double efield[50], dvel[50];
double vx,vy,vz;
TGraph *drifefie= new TGraph();
for (int i=0; i<50; i++){
//loop over positions you are interested in//
double pos[2]= {0.01*i,0.01*i};
// Not sure how what[] comes into play, but it is needed to tell
// EvaluatePotential whether to get electric field components, e-field
// mag. or get the potential. EvalutatePotential only reads what[0].
//
// if (what[0] > 30.) {
// return Z-component of electric field;
// } else if (what[0] > 20.) {
// return Y-component of electric field;
// } else if (what[0] > 10.) {
// return X-component of electric field;
// } else if (what[0] > 0.) {
// return Magnitude of electric field;
// }
// return potential;
double what[3]={11,1,2};
double ex=(field->EvaluatePotential(pos, what));
what[0]=what[0]*2;
double ey= (field->EvaluatePotential(pos, what));
what[0]=what[0]*3;
double ez=(field->EvaluatePotential(pos, what));
// ElectronVelocity only returns a bool. However, it does store the components
// of drift velocity at that point in vx,vy,vz
gas->ElectronVelocity(ex, ey, ez, 0., 0., 0., vx,vy,vz);
//Store the e-field and drift velocity magnitudes//
efield[i]=sqrt(ex*ex+ey*ey+ez*ez);
dvel[i]=sqrt(vx*vx+vy*vy+vz*vz);
//Plot the points//
if (efield[i]<10000.){
drifefie->SetPoint(i, efield[i], dvel[i]);
}
}
//NEXT COMMENTS NECESSARY ONLY IF YOU WANT TO COMPARE TO THE GASTABLE RESULTS
//ALSO THESE MUST BE CHANGED IF USING A GAS OTHER THAN Ar-C2H6 50/50.
// Double_t xgpoints[20]={ 1.31578947e-01, 1.67667761e-01, 2.13654834e-01, 2.72255011e-01, 3.46927750e-01, 4.42081353e-01, 5.63333210e-01, 7.17841419e-01, 9.14727363e-01, 1.16561420e+00, 1.48531302e+00, 1.89269722e+00, 2.41181672e+00, 3.07331772e+00, 3.91625190e+00, 4.99038183e+00, 6.35911873e+00, 8.10326594e+00, 1.03257891e+01, 1.31578947e+01};
// Double_t ygpoints[20]={ 2.46561830e+00, 2.98075892e+00, 3.48895177e+00, 3.95223049e+00, 4.34517668e+00, 4.66439922e+00, 4.91746082e+00, 5.11043863e+00, 5.24838191e+00, 5.32293867e+00, 5.32005531e+00, 5.23377813e+00, 5.07646060e+00, 4.89688261e+00, 4.74778419e+00, 4.66468487e+00, 4.63585997e+00, 4.65042164e+00, 4.69895847e+00, 4.80436817e+00};
// TGraph* garf=new TGraph();
// for (Int_t i=0; i<18; i++){
// garf->SetPoint(i, xgpoints[i]*1000, ygpoints[i]/1000);
// }
TMultiGraph* mg= new TMultiGraph();
mg->Add(drifefie);
//mg->Add(garf);
drifefie->SetMarkerStyle(20);
drifefie->SetMarkerSize(1);
//garf->SetMarkerStyle(21); garf->SetMarkerColor(2);
//mg->Draw("AP");
// ViewDrift is if you want to view the drift lines of the electron\s //
ViewDrift* drift= new ViewDrift();
// Setup time //
const double tmin=0., tmax=1., tstep=.000001;
const int ntimebins=int((tmax-tmin)/tstep);
sensor->SetTimeWindow(0., tstep, ntimebins);
// Use to simulate either an avalanche of electrons or just one single drifting
// electron. For drift->Plot(bool, bool):
// Plot(true, true)= 2-D plot
// Plot(false, true)=3-D plot
// AvalancheMicroscopic* aval= new AvalancheMicroscopic();
// aval->EnablePlotting(drift);
// aval->SetSensor(sensor);
// aval->EnableSignalCalculation();
// aval->SetTimeWindow(0.,1000.);
// const double x0=0.4 , y0=0., z0=0., t0=0.;
// aval->EnableAvalancheSizeLimit(150);
// aval->AvalancheElectron(x0, y0, z0, t0,0.);
// drift->Plot(true,true);
// Yet to be correctly implemented due to C2H6 not being in their table of cross
// sections. TrackElectron simulates a high-energy electron traversing the cell
TRandom *rand=new TRandom(0);
TrackElectron* elec=new TrackElectron();
elec->SetSensor(sensor);
elec->EnablePlotting(drift);
elec->SetEnergy(4e9);
TH1F *dist= new TH1F("distance", "distance", 20,0,0.5);
AvalancheMicroscopic* aval= new AvalancheMicroscopic();
aval->EnablePlotting(drift);
aval->EnableDistanceHistogramming(1);
aval->SetDistanceHistogram(dist, 'r');
aval->SetSensor(sensor);
aval->EnableSignalCalculation();
aval->SetTimeWindow(0.,1000.);
double xcls, ycls, zcls, tcls, ecls, extra;
int ncls, count=0, place=0;
double xi,yi,zi,ti,ei,xf,yf,zf,tf,ef;
int state,spot=0;
int min=0;
TArrayD *time= new TArrayD(), *xpos= new TArrayD(), *smalt= new TArrayD(), *minx=new TArrayD();
for (Int_t i=0; i<10000; i++){
elec->NewTrack(-1, (rand->Uniform(-.49,.49)), 0., 0., 1,0,0);
place++;
std::cout<<place<<"->loop iteration \n";
while (elec->GetCluster(xcls, ycls, zcls, tcls, ncls, ecls, extra)){
double location=sqrt(xcls*xcls+ycls*ycls+zcls*zcls);
//std::cout<<count<<std::endl;
if (location<=rTube/2){
aval->EnableAvalancheSizeLimit(20);
aval->DriftElectron(xcls, ycls, zcls, tcls, ecls);
aval->GetElectronEndpoint(0,xi,yi,zi,ti,ei,xf,yf,zf,tf,ef,state);
if (sqrt(xf*xf+yf*yf)<=rWire){
time->Set(count+1);
time->AddAt((tf-ti),count);
xpos->Set(count+1);
xpos->AddAt(xi,count);
count++;
}
}
}
int a=spot;
//std::cout<<(time->GetSize())-spot<<std::endl;
for (Int_t p=0; p<((time->GetSize())-spot);p++){
if ((time->GetAt(a))>(time->GetAt(spot+p))){
a=(spot+p);
}
}
min=a;
smalt->Set(i+1); minx->Set(i+1);
smalt->AddAt(time->GetAt(min), i); minx->AddAt(xpos->GetAt(min), i);
spot=count;
//a=spot+1;
//std::cout<<xpos->GetAt(min)<<std::endl;
// std::cout<<smalt->GetAt(i)<<std::endl;
}
//drift->Plot(true,true);
TCanvas *can=new TCanvas("DriftTime", "Drift Time", 600, 600);
TCanvas *can2=new TCanvas("DriftPos", "Drift Position", 600, 600);
dist->SetBinContent(1,0.);
//dist->Draw();
// TH1D *times=new TH1D("DriftsTime", "Drift Times", 75,0,150);
// for (int k; k<time->GetSize(); k++){
// times->Fill(time->GetAt(k));
// }
// times->Draw();
TH1D *mintimes=new TH1D("MinTime", "Minimum Drift Times", 75,0,150), *minxpos=new TH1D("minxpos", "X-pos of min. Drift Time",50 ,-.1, .1);
for (int k; k<smalt->GetSize(); k++){
mintimes->Fill(smalt->GetAt(k));
minxpos->Fill(minx->GetAt(k));
}
can->cd();
mintimes->Draw();
can2->cd();
minxpos->Draw();
//** Makes plot of drift time vs x-position**//
// TGraph *tvsy=new TGraph();
// for (Int_t j=0; j<time->GetSize(); j++){
// tvsy->SetPoint(j, xpos->GetAt(j), time->GetAt(j));
// }
// tvsy->SetMarkerSize(1);
// tvsy->SetMarkerStyle(20);
// tvsy->Draw("AP");
//can->SaveSource("minimum_drift_times");
//DON'T GET RID OF THIS OR YOUR STUFF WON'T WORK//
app.Run(kTRUE);
}
int main(int argc, char * argv[]){
TApplication app("app", &argc, argv);
plottingEngine.SetDefaultStyle();
// Load the Magboltz gas file
MediumMagboltz* gas = new MediumMagboltz();
gas->LoadGasFile("ar_90_c4h10_10_B2T_90deg.gas");
//
// Structure of Micromegas cell (from top to bottom):
//------------------------
// | Drift electrode (Vdrift = -2500 V)
// | Drift gap (Hdriftgap = 3 mm)
// | Mesh electrode (Vmesh = -500 V)
// | Amplification gap (Hampgap = 100 um)
// | Strips (Vstrip = 0 V)
//------------------------
//
//
// We place 3 strips in z direction in order to
// be able to resolve the avalanche signal.
// Strips can be parametrized by width and pitch
//
// Units given in [cm]
const double Hdriftgap = 0.3; // Drift gap height
const double Hampgap = 0.01; // Amplification gap height
const double Htot = Hdriftgap + Hampgap; // Total height
const double Pitch = 0.07; // Pitch
const double Interpitch = 0.01; // Distance between two strips
const double Wstrip = Pitch - Interpitch;
// Electrode potentials
const double Vdrift = -3000.;
const double Vamp = -500.;
const double Vstrip = 0.;
// Magnetic field
const double MagX = 0.;
const double MagY = 0.;
const double MagZ = 2.;
// Geometry of the structure
// Parallel planes, SolidBox, height [cm]
// Width [cm]
const double w = 3.0;
// Length [cm]
const double l = 3.0;
GeometrySimple* geo = new GeometrySimple();
SolidBox* box = new SolidBox(0.,Htot/2.0, 0., w, Htot/2.0, l);
geo->AddSolid(box, gas);
//
// The Component requires a description of the geometry, that is a list of volumes
// and associated media.
// Here we construct 2 ComponentAnalyticalFields, to treat the
// arift region and the amplification separately
//
ComponentAnalyticField* cmpDrift = new ComponentAnalyticField();
ComponentAnalyticField* cmpAmp = new ComponentAnalyticField();
// Pass a pointer of the geometry class to the components.
cmpDrift->SetGeometry(geo);
cmpAmp->SetGeometry(geo);
// Now we add the planes for the electrodes with labels
cmpDrift->AddPlaneY(Htot, Vdrift, "DriftPlane");
cmpDrift->AddPlaneY(Hampgap, Vamp, "AmpPlane");
cmpAmp->AddPlaneY(Hampgap, Vamp, "AmpPlane");
cmpAmp->AddPlaneY(0.0, Vstrip, "StripPlane");
//Next we construct the Strips for readout of te signal, also with labels
double Xoffset = 0.;
double Xstrip1, Xstrip2, Xstrip3; // Store the center of the strips
Xstrip1 = Xoffset + Wstrip/2.0;
cmpAmp->AddStripOnPlaneY('z', 0.0, Xoffset, Xoffset + Wstrip, "Strip1");
Xoffset += (Wstrip + Interpitch); Xstrip2 = Xoffset + Wstrip/2.0;
cmpAmp->AddStripOnPlaneY('z', 0.0, Xoffset, Xoffset + Wstrip, "Strip2");
Xoffset += (Wstrip + Interpitch); Xstrip3 = Xoffset + Wstrip/2.0;
cmpAmp->AddStripOnPlaneY('z', 0.0, Xoffset, Xoffset + Wstrip, "Strip3");
//We want to calculate the signal induced on the strip.
//We have to tell this to the ComponentAnalyticalField
cmpAmp->AddReadout("Strip1");
cmpAmp->AddReadout("Strip2");
cmpAmp->AddReadout("Strip3");
// Set constant magnetic field in [Tesla]
cmpDrift->SetMagneticField(MagX, MagY, MagZ);
//Finally we assemble a Sensor object
Sensor* sensor = new Sensor();
// Calculate the electric field using the Component object cmp
sensor->AddComponent(cmpDrift);
sensor->AddComponent(cmpAmp);
// Request signal calculation for the electrode named with labels above,
// using the weighting field provided by the Component object cmp.
sensor->AddElectrode(cmpAmp, "Strip1");
sensor->AddElectrode(cmpAmp, "Strip2");
sensor->AddElectrode(cmpAmp, "Strip3");
// Set Time window for signal integration, units in [ns]
const double tMin = 0.;
const double tMax = 100.;
const double tStep = 0.05;
const int nTimeBins = int((tMax - tMin) / tStep);
sensor->SetTimeWindow(0., tStep, nTimeBins);
// This canvas will be used to display the drift lines and the field
TCanvas * c = new TCanvas("c", "c", 10, 10, 1000, 700);
c->Divide(2,1);
// Construct object to visualise drift lines
ViewDrift* viewdrift = new ViewDrift();
viewdrift->SetArea(0.0, 0.0, -0.1, 0.2, Htot,0.1 );
viewdrift->SetClusterMarkerSize(0.1);
viewdrift->SetCollisionMarkerSize(0.5);
viewdrift->SetCanvas((TCanvas*)c->cd(1));
//For simulating the electron avalanche we use the class AvalancheMicroscopic
AvalancheMicroscopic* aval = new AvalancheMicroscopic();
const int aval_size = 10;
aval->SetSensor(sensor);
// Switch on signal calculation.
aval->EnableSignalCalculation();
aval->SetTimeWindow(tMin,tMax );
// aval->EnableAvalancheSizeLimit(aval_size);
aval->EnablePlotting(viewdrift);
aval->EnableDriftLines();
aval->EnableMagneticField();
// Additional optional switches
//aval->EnableExcitationMarkers();
//aval->EnableIonisationMarkers();
//Add ionizing particle using Heed
// Here we add a negative pion with some momentum, units in [eV/c]
const double momentum = 300.e+06; // eV/c
TrackHeed* track = new TrackHeed();
track->SetParticle("pi-");
track->SetMomentum(momentum);
track->SetSensor(sensor);
track->EnableMagneticField();
track->EnableElectricField();
track->EnablePlotting(viewdrift);
// Cluster info
double xcls, ycls, zcls, tcls, e, extra;
xcls = ycls = zcls = tcls = e = extra = -999.;
// Electron info
double xele, yele, zele, tele, eele, dxele, dyele, dzele;
// Electron start and endpoints, momentum direction and status
double x0ele, y0ele, z0ele, t0ele, e0ele;// start point
double x1ele, y1ele, z1ele, t1ele, e1ele;// endpoint
double dx1ele, dy1ele, dz1ele; // momentum direction
int status1ele; // status
int n = 0; // number of electrons in cluster
bool cls_ret;// return OK if cluster is OK
// The initial impact position of the incoming ionising track
double track_x = 0.15;// [cm]
double track_y = 0.3;
double track_z = 0.0;
// Momentum direction of incoming track
double track_dx = 0.0;
double track_dy = -1.0; // Track coming downstream
double track_dz = 0.0;
// Now create a single track
track->NewTrack(track_x, track_y, track_z, tMin, track_dx, track_dy, track_dz);
cls_ret = track->GetCluster(xcls, ycls, zcls, tcls, n, e, extra);
// To accumulate the electron signal for each strip separately
double Qstrip1 = 0.0; double Qstrip2 = 0.0; double Qstrip3 = 0.0;
// Now loop over electrons in cluster
for(int j = 1; j <= n; j++){
track->GetElectron(j-1, xele, yele, zele, tele, eele, dxele, dyele, dzele);
// Simulate an avalanche for the current electron
aval->AvalancheElectron(xele, yele, zele, tele, eele, dxele, dyele, dzele);
}
// To get Signal from each strip we get the it from each sensor
// by integrating over time
for(int i = 0; i < nTimeBins; i++){
Qstrip1 += fabs(sensor->GetElectronSignal("Strip1", i));
Qstrip2 += fabs(sensor->GetElectronSignal("Strip2", i));
Qstrip3 += fabs(sensor->GetElectronSignal("Strip3", i));
}
// Now calculate the reconstructed pion position in the Micromegas
// using the weighted average of the Strip signals
double mean = 0.0;
mean = (Qstrip1*Xstrip1 + Qstrip2*Xstrip2 + Qstrip3*Xstrip3)/(Qstrip1+Qstrip2+Qstrip3);
std::cout << "---------------------------" << std::endl;
std::cout << "XMean: " << mean << " cm, XTrue: " << track_x << " cm" << std::endl;
std::cout << "XTrue - XMean: " << fabs(track_x - mean)*10000.0 << " um" << std::endl;
std::cout << "---------------------------" << std::endl;
// -- Plotting --
// Now plot the drift lines
viewdrift->Plot();
// View the Field
ViewField * viewfield = new ViewField();
viewfield->SetComponent(cmpAmp);
viewfield->SetSensor(sensor);
viewfield->SetCanvas((TCanvas*)c->cd(2));
viewfield->SetWeightingFieldRange(0.0, 10000.0);
c->cd(2);
viewfield->PlotContour();
// View the strip signals
TCanvas * c2 = new TCanvas("c2", "c2", 1000, 20, 700, 500);
ViewSignal* signalView = new ViewSignal();
signalView->SetSensor(sensor);
signalView->SetCanvas(c2);
if(Qstrip1 > 0)signalView->PlotSignal("Strip1");
if(Qstrip2 > 0)signalView->PlotSignal("Strip2");
if(Qstrip3 > 0)signalView->PlotSignal("Strip3");
app.Run();
return 0;
}
int main(int argc, char * argv[]) {
TApplication app("app", &argc, argv);
plottingEngine.SetDefaultStyle();
const bool debug = true;
// Load the field map.
ComponentAnsys123* fm = new ComponentAnsys123();
const std::string efile = "ELIST.lis";
const std::string nfile = "NLIST.lis";
const std::string mfile = "MPLIST.lis";
const std::string sfile = "PRNSOL.lis";
fm->Initialise(efile, nfile, mfile, sfile, "mm");
fm->EnableMirrorPeriodicityX();
fm->EnableMirrorPeriodicityY();
fm->PrintRange();
// Dimensions of the GEM
const double pitch = 0.014;
const double kapton = 50.e-4;
const double metal = 5.e-4;
const double outdia = 70.e-4;
const double middia = 50.e-4;
const bool plotField = false;
if (plotField) {
ViewField* fieldView = new ViewField();
fieldView->SetComponent(fm);
fieldView->SetPlane(0., -1., 0., 0., 0., 0.);
fieldView->SetArea(-pitch / 2., -0.02, pitch / 2., 0.02);
fieldView->SetVoltageRange(-160., 160.);
TCanvas* cF = new TCanvas();
fieldView->SetCanvas(cF);
fieldView->PlotContour();
}
// Setup the gas.
MediumMagboltz* gas = new MediumMagboltz();
gas->SetComposition("ar", 70., "co2", 30.);
gas->SetTemperature(293.15);
gas->SetPressure(760.);
gas->EnableDebugging();
gas->Initialise();
gas->DisableDebugging();
// Set the Penning transfer efficiency.
const double rPenning = 0.57;
const double lambdaPenning = 0.;
gas->EnablePenningTransfer(rPenning, lambdaPenning, "ar");
// Load the ion mobilities.
gas->LoadIonMobility("IonMobility_Ar+_Ar.txt");
// Associate the gas with the corresponding field map material.
const int nMaterials = fm->GetNumberOfMaterials();
for (int i = 0; i < nMaterials; ++i) {
const double eps = fm->GetPermittivity(i);
if (fabs(eps - 1.) < 1.e-3) fm->SetMedium(i, gas);
}
fm->PrintMaterials();
// Create the sensor.
Sensor* sensor = new Sensor();
sensor->AddComponent(fm);
sensor->SetArea(-5 * pitch, -5 * pitch, -0.03,
5 * pitch, 5 * pitch, 0.03);
AvalancheMicroscopic* aval = new AvalancheMicroscopic();
aval->SetSensor(sensor);
AvalancheMC* drift = new AvalancheMC();
drift->SetSensor(sensor);
drift->SetDistanceSteps(2.e-4);
const bool plotDrift = true;
ViewDrift* driftView = new ViewDrift();
if (plotDrift) {
driftView->SetArea(-2 * pitch, -2 * pitch, -0.02,
2 * pitch, 2 * pitch, 0.02);
// Plot every 10 collisions (in microscopic tracking).
aval->SetCollisionSteps(10);
aval->EnablePlotting(driftView);
drift->EnablePlotting(driftView);
}
// Histograms
int nBinsGain = 100;
double gmin = 0.;
double gmax = 100.;
TH1F* hElectrons = new TH1F("hElectrons", "Number of electrons",
nBinsGain, gmin, gmax);
TH1F* hIons = new TH1F("hIons", "Number of ions",
nBinsGain, gmin, gmax);
int nBinsChrg = 100;
TH1F* hChrgE = new TH1F("hChrgE", "Electrons on plastic",
nBinsChrg, -0.5e4 * kapton, 0.5e4 * kapton);
TH1F* hChrgI = new TH1F("hChrgI", "Ions on plastic",
nBinsChrg, -0.5e4 * kapton, 0.5e4 * kapton);
double sumIonsTotal = 0.;
double sumIonsDrift = 0.;
double sumIonsPlastic = 0.;
double sumElectronsTotal = 0.;
double sumElectronsPlastic = 0.;
double sumElectronsUpperMetal = 0.;
double sumElectronsLowerMetal = 0.;
double sumElectronsTransfer = 0.;
double sumElectronsOther = 0.;
const int nEvents = 10;
for (int i = nEvents; i--;) {
if (debug || i % 10 == 0) std::cout << i << "/" << nEvents << "\n";
// Randomize the initial position.
const double smear = pitch / 2.;
double x0 = -smear + RndmUniform() * smear;
double y0 = -smear + RndmUniform() * smear;
double z0 = 0.025;
double t0 = 0.;
double e0 = 0.1;
aval->AvalancheElectron(x0, y0, z0, t0, e0, 0., 0., 0.);
int ne = 0, ni = 0;
aval->GetAvalancheSize(ne, ni);
hElectrons->Fill(ne);
hIons->Fill(ni);
const int np = aval->GetNumberOfElectronEndpoints();
double xe1, ye1, ze1, te1, e1;
double xe2, ye2, ze2, te2, e2;
double xi1, yi1, zi1, ti1;
double xi2, yi2, zi2, ti2;
int status;
for (int j = np; j--;) {
aval->GetElectronEndpoint(j, xe1, ye1, ze1, te1, e1,
xe2, ye2, ze2, te2, e2, status);
sumElectronsTotal += 1.;
if (ze2 > -kapton / 2. && ze2 < kapton / 2.) {
hChrgE->Fill(ze2 * 1.e4);
sumElectronsPlastic += 1.;
} else if (ze2 >= kapton / 2. && ze2 <= kapton / 2. + metal) {
sumElectronsUpperMetal += 1.;
} else if (ze2 <= -kapton / 2. && ze2 >= -kapton / 2. - metal) {
sumElectronsLowerMetal += 1.;
} else if (ze2 < -kapton / 2. - metal) {
sumElectronsTransfer += 1.;
} else {
sumElectronsOther += 1.;
}
drift->DriftIon(xe1, ye1, ze1, te1);
drift->GetIonEndpoint(0, xi1, yi1, zi1, ti1,
xi2, yi2, zi2, ti2, status);
if (zi1 < 0.01) {
sumIonsTotal += 1.;
if (zi2 > 0.01) sumIonsDrift += 1.;
}
if (zi2 > -kapton / 2. && zi2 < kapton / 2.) {
hChrgI->Fill(zi2 * 1.e4);
sumIonsPlastic += 1.;
}
}
}
double fFeedback = 0.;
if (sumIonsTotal > 0.) fFeedback = sumIonsDrift / sumIonsTotal;
std::cout << "Fraction of ions drifting back: " << fFeedback << "\n";
const double neMean = hElectrons->GetMean();
std::cout << "Mean number of electrons: " << neMean << "\n";
const double niMean = hIons->GetMean();
std::cout << "Mean number of ions: " << niMean << "\n";
std::cout << "Mean number of electrons on plastic: "
<< sumElectronsPlastic / nEvents << "\n";
std::cout << "Mean number of ions on plastic: "
<< sumIonsPlastic / nEvents << "\n";
std::cout << "Electron endpoints:\n";
const double fUpperMetal = sumElectronsUpperMetal / sumElectronsTotal;
const double fPlastic = sumElectronsPlastic / sumElectronsTotal;
const double fLowerMetal = sumElectronsLowerMetal / sumElectronsTotal;
const double fTransfer = sumElectronsTransfer / sumElectronsTotal;
const double fOther = sumElectronsOther / sumElectronsTotal;
std::cout << " upper metal: " << fUpperMetal * 100. << "%\n";
std::cout << " plastic: " << fPlastic * 100. << "%\n";
std::cout << " lower metal: " << fLowerMetal * 100. << "%\n";
std::cout << " transfer: " << fTransfer * 100. << "%\n";
std::cout << " other: " << fOther * 100. << "%\n";
TCanvas* cD = new TCanvas();
const bool plotGeo = true;
if (plotGeo && plotDrift) {
// Build the geometry in Root.
TGeoManager* geoman = new TGeoManager("world", "geometry");
TGeoMaterial* matVacuum = new TGeoMaterial("Vacuum", 0, 0, 0);
TGeoMedium* medVacuum = new TGeoMedium("Vacuum", 1, matVacuum);
TGeoMaterial* matKapton = new TGeoMaterial("Kapton", 12, 6, 1.42);
TGeoMedium* medKapton = new TGeoMedium("Kapton", 2, matKapton);
TGeoMaterial* matCopper = new TGeoMaterial("Copper", 63, 29, 8.94);
TGeoMedium* medCopper = new TGeoMedium("Copper", 3, matCopper);
TGeoVolume* volTop = geoman->MakeBox("TOP",
medVacuum, pitch, pitch, 0.02);
volTop->SetVisibility(0);
TGeoBBox* shpKapton = new TGeoBBox("K", pitch / 2.,
pitch / 2.,
kapton / 2.);
TGeoPcon* shpHole = new TGeoPcon("H", 0., 360., 3);
shpHole->DefineSection(0, -kapton / 2., 0., outdia / 2.);
shpHole->DefineSection(1, 0., 0., middia / 2.);
shpHole->DefineSection(2, kapton / 2., 0., outdia / 2.);
TGeoCompositeShape* shpGem = new TGeoCompositeShape("G", "K - H");
TGeoVolume* volKapton = new TGeoVolume("Kapton", shpGem, medKapton);
volKapton->SetLineColor(kGreen);
volKapton->SetTransparency(50);
TGeoBBox* shpMetal = new TGeoBBox("M", pitch / 2.,
pitch / 2.,
metal / 2.);
TGeoTube* shpTube = new TGeoTube("T", 0., outdia / 2., metal / 2.);
TGeoCompositeShape* shpElectrode = new TGeoCompositeShape("E", "M - T");
TGeoVolume* volElectrode = new TGeoVolume("Electrode",
shpElectrode, medCopper);
volElectrode->SetLineColor(kBlue);
volElectrode->SetTransparency(50);
TGeoVolumeAssembly* volGem = new TGeoVolumeAssembly("Gem");
const double shift = 0.5 * (metal + kapton);
volGem->AddNode(volKapton, 1);
volGem->AddNode(volElectrode, 2, new TGeoTranslation(0., 0., shift));
volGem->AddNode(volElectrode, 3, new TGeoTranslation(0., 0., -shift));
volTop->AddNode(volGem, 1);
volTop->AddNode(volGem, 2, new TGeoTranslation(-pitch, 0., 0.));
volTop->AddNode(volGem, 3, new TGeoTranslation(+pitch, 0., 0.));
volTop->AddNode(volGem, 4,
new TGeoTranslation(-pitch / 2., sqrt(3) * pitch / 2., 0.));
volTop->AddNode(volGem, 5,
new TGeoTranslation(+pitch / 2., sqrt(3) * pitch / 2., 0.));
volTop->AddNode(volGem, 6,
new TGeoTranslation(-pitch / 2., -sqrt(3) * pitch / 2., 0.));
volTop->AddNode(volGem, 7,
new TGeoTranslation(+pitch / 2., -sqrt(3) * pitch / 2., 0.));
geoman->SetVerboseLevel(0);
geoman->SetTopVolume(volTop);
geoman->CloseGeometry();
geoman->CheckOverlaps(0.1e-4);
geoman->SetNmeshPoints(100000);
cD->cd();
geoman->GetTopVolume()->Draw("ogl");
}
if (plotDrift) {
driftView->SetCanvas(cD);
driftView->Plot();
}
const bool plotHistogram = true;
if (plotHistogram) {
TCanvas* cH = new TCanvas("cH", "Histograms", 800, 700);
cH->Divide(2, 2);
cH->cd(1);
hElectrons->Draw();
cH->cd(2);
hIons->Draw();
cH->cd(3);
hChrgE->Draw();
cH->cd(4);
hChrgI->Draw();
}
app.Run(kTRUE);
}