int update_thermal_nodes(all_vars_struct *all_vars,
int Nveg,
int Nnodes,
soil_con_struct *soil_con,
veg_con_struct *veg_con)
/**********************************************************************
update_thermal_nodes Jennifer Adam August 16, 2007
This routine is run after subsidence occurs (used only for EXCESS_ICE option).
This routine updates the node depths and interpolates the current
node temperatures to the new depths, then recalculates the nodal
thermal properties. Much of this routine is taken directly from
initialize_model_state.
Modifications:
2009-Feb-09 Removed dz_node from call to
distribute_node_moisture_properties. KAC via TJB
2009-Feb-09 Removed dz_node from call to find_0_degree_front. KAC via TJB
2012-Jan-16 Removed LINK_DEBUG code BN
2013-Dec-26 Removed EXCESS_ICE option. TJB
**********************************************************************/
{
extern option_struct options;
extern veg_lib_struct *veg_lib;
char ErrStr[MAXSTRING];
char FIRST_VEG;
int veg, index;
int lidx;
int band;
int ErrorFlag;
double Cv;
double Zsum, dp;
double tmpdp, tmpadj, Bexp;
double moist[MAX_VEG][MAX_BANDS][MAX_LAYERS];
cell_data_struct **cell;
energy_bal_struct **energy;
double Tnode_prior[MAX_NODES];
double Zsum_prior[MAX_NODES];
cell = all_vars->cell;
energy = all_vars->energy;
dp = soil_con->dp;
FIRST_VEG = TRUE;
/*****************************************************************
Update soil thermal node depths, thicknesses, and temperatures.
CASE 3: Initialize Energy Balance Variables if not using quick
ground heat flux, and no Initial Condition File Given
*****************************************************************/
/*****************************************************************
Update soil thermal node depths and thicknesses.
*****************************************************************/
//set previous Zsum
for ( index = 0; index < Nnodes; index++ )
Zsum_prior[index] = soil_con->Zsum_node[index];
if(!options.EXP_TRANS){
/* Nodes set at surface, the depth of the first layer,
twice the depth of the first layer, and at the
damping depth. Extra nodes are placed equal distance
between the damping depth and twice the depth of the
first layer. */
soil_con->dz_node[0] = soil_con->depth[0];
soil_con->dz_node[1] = soil_con->depth[0];
soil_con->dz_node[2] = soil_con->depth[0];
soil_con->Zsum_node[0] = 0;
soil_con->Zsum_node[1] = soil_con[0].depth[0];
Zsum = 2. * soil_con[0].depth[0];
soil_con->Zsum_node[2] = Zsum;
tmpdp = dp - soil_con[0].depth[0] * 2.5;
tmpadj = 3.5;
for ( index = 3; index < Nnodes-1; index++ ) {
soil_con->dz_node[index] = tmpdp/(((double)Nnodes-tmpadj));
Zsum += (soil_con->dz_node[index]
+soil_con->dz_node[index-1])/2.;
soil_con->Zsum_node[index] = Zsum;
}
soil_con->dz_node[Nnodes-1] = (dp - Zsum
- soil_con->dz_node[Nnodes-2]
/ 2. ) * 2.;
Zsum += (soil_con->dz_node[Nnodes-2]
+soil_con->dz_node[Nnodes-1])/2.;
soil_con->Zsum_node[Nnodes-1] = Zsum;
if((int)(Zsum*1000+0.5) != (int)(dp*1000+0.5)) {
sprintf(ErrStr,"Sum of thermal node thicknesses (%f) in initialize_model_state do not equal dp (%f), check initialization procedure",Zsum,dp);
nrerror(ErrStr);
}
}
else{ /* exponential grid transformation, EXP_TRANS = TRUE*/
/*calculate exponential function parameter */
Bexp = logf(dp+1.)/(double)(Nnodes-1); //to force Zsum=dp at bottom node
for ( index = 0; index <= Nnodes-1; index++ )
soil_con->Zsum_node[index] = expf(Bexp*index)-1.;
//top node
index=0;
soil_con->dz_node[index] = soil_con->Zsum_node[index+1]-soil_con->Zsum_node[index];
//middle nodes
for ( index = 1; index < Nnodes-1; index++ ) {
soil_con->dz_node[index] = (soil_con->Zsum_node[index+1]-soil_con->Zsum_node[index])/2.+(soil_con->Zsum_node[index]-soil_con->Zsum_node[index-1])/2.;
}
//bottom node
index=Nnodes-1;
soil_con->dz_node[index] = soil_con->Zsum_node[index]-soil_con->Zsum_node[index-1];
}
#if VERBOSE
fprintf(stderr,"More updated parameters in soil_con: dz_node and Zsum_node.\n");
#endif
/******************************************
Update soil thermal node temperatures via linear interpolation.
******************************************/
for ( veg = 0 ; veg <= Nveg ; veg++ ) {
// Initialize soil for existing vegetation types
Cv = veg_con[veg].Cv;
if ( Cv > 0 ) {
for( band = 0; band < options.SNOW_BAND; band++ ) {
if ( soil_con->AreaFract[band] > 0. ) {
//set previous temperatures
for ( index = 0; index < Nnodes; index++ )
Tnode_prior[index] = energy[veg][band].T[index];
//top node: no need to update surface temperature
//remaining nodes
for ( index = 1; index < Nnodes; index++ ) {
energy[veg][band].T[index] = linear_interp(soil_con->Zsum_node[index],Zsum_prior[index-1],Zsum_prior[index],Tnode_prior[index-1],Tnode_prior[index]);
}//node
}
}//band
}
}//veg
/******************************************
Update soil thermal node properties
******************************************/
FIRST_VEG = TRUE;
for ( veg = 0 ; veg <= Nveg ; veg++) {
// Initialize soil for existing vegetation types
Cv = veg_con[veg].Cv;
if ( Cv > 0 ) {
for( band = 0; band < options.SNOW_BAND; band++ ) {
// Initialize soil for existing snow elevation bands
if ( soil_con->AreaFract[band] > 0. ) {
/** Set soil properties for all soil nodes **/
if(FIRST_VEG) {
FIRST_VEG = FALSE;
set_node_parameters(soil_con->dz_node, soil_con->Zsum_node, soil_con->max_moist_node,
soil_con->expt_node, soil_con->bubble_node,
soil_con->alpha, soil_con->beta,
soil_con->gamma, soil_con->depth,
soil_con->max_moist, soil_con->expt,
soil_con->bubble, soil_con->quartz,
Nnodes, options.Nlayer, soil_con->FS_ACTIVE);
}
for ( lidx = 0; lidx < options.Nlayer; lidx++ )
moist[veg][band][lidx] = cell[veg][band].layer[lidx].moist;
/* set soil moisture properties for all soil thermal nodes */
if ( !( options.LAKES && veg_con->LAKE != 0 ) ) {
ErrorFlag = distribute_node_moisture_properties(energy[veg][band].moist,
energy[veg][band].ice,
energy[veg][band].kappa_node,
energy[veg][band].Cs_node,
soil_con->Zsum_node,
energy[veg][band].T,
soil_con->max_moist_node,
soil_con->expt_node,
soil_con->bubble_node,
moist[veg][band],
soil_con->depth,
soil_con->soil_dens_min,
soil_con->bulk_dens_min,
soil_con->quartz,
soil_con->soil_density,
soil_con->bulk_density,
soil_con->organic,
Nnodes, options.Nlayer,
soil_con->FS_ACTIVE);
if ( ErrorFlag == ERROR ) return ( ErrorFlag );
}
/* initialize layer moistures and ice contents */
if ( !( options.LAKES && veg_con->LAKE != 0 ) ) {
if (options.QUICK_FLUX) {
ErrorFlag = estimate_layer_ice_content_quick_flux(cell[veg][band].layer,
soil_con->depth, soil_con->dp,
energy[veg][band].T[0], energy[veg][band].T[1],
soil_con->avg_temp, soil_con->max_moist,
soil_con->expt, soil_con->bubble,
soil_con->frost_fract, soil_con->frost_slope,
soil_con->FS_ACTIVE);
}
else {
ErrorFlag = estimate_layer_ice_content(cell[veg][band].layer,
soil_con->Zsum_node,
energy[veg][band].T,
soil_con->max_moist_node,
soil_con->expt_node,
soil_con->bubble_node,
soil_con->depth,
soil_con->max_moist,
soil_con->expt,
soil_con->bubble,
soil_con->frost_fract,
soil_con->frost_slope,
Nnodes, options.Nlayer,
soil_con->FS_ACTIVE);
}
}
/* Find freezing and thawing front depths */
if(!options.QUICK_FLUX && soil_con->FS_ACTIVE)
if ( !( options.LAKES && veg_con->LAKE != 0 ) )
find_0_degree_fronts(&energy[veg][band], soil_con->Zsum_node, energy[veg][band].T, Nnodes);
}
}//band
}
}//veg
return(0);
}
int initialize_model_state(all_vars_struct *all_vars,
all_vars_struct *all_vars_crop,
dmy_struct dmy,
global_param_struct *global_param,
filep_struct filep,
int cellnum,
int Nveg,
int Nnodes,
double surf_temp,
soil_con_struct *soil_con,
veg_con_struct *veg_con,
lake_con_struct lake_con)
/**********************************************************************
initialize_model_state Keith Cherkauer April 17, 2000
This routine initializes the model state (energy balance, water balance,
and snow components). If a state file is provided to the model than its
contents are checked to see if it agrees with the current simulation
set-up, if so it is used to initialize the model state. If no state
file is provided the model initializes all variables with defaults and
the user should expect to throw out the beginning of the simulation
period as model start-up.
UNITS: (m, s, kg, C, moisture in mm) unless otherwise specified
Modifications:
4-17-00 Modified from initialize_energy_bal.c and initialize_snow.c
to provide a single controlling routine for initializing the
model state.
9-00 Fixed bug where initialization of soil node temperatures
and moitures was within two vegetation loops, thus only
the first vegetation type was properly initialized. KAC
2-19-03 Modified to initialize soil and vegetation parameters for
the dry grid cell fraction, if distributed precipitation
is activated. KAC
11-18-02 Modified to initialize lake and wetland algorithms
variables. LCB
2-10-03 Fixed looping problem with initialization of soil moisture. KAC
3-12-03 Modified so that soil layer ice content is only calculated
when frozen soil is implemented and active in the current
grid cell. KAC
04-10-03 Modified to read storm parameters from model state file. KAC
04-25-03 Modified to work with vegetation type specific storm
parameters. KAC
07-May-04 Initialize soil_con->dz_node[Nnodes] to 0.0, since it is
accessed in set_node_parameters(). TJB
01-Nov-04 Added support for state files containing SPATIAL_FROST
and LAKE_MODEL state variables. TJB
2006-Apr-21 Replaced Cv (uninitialized) with lake_con.Cl[0] in
surfstor calculation. TJB
2006-Sep-23 Implemented flexible output configuration; uses the new
save_data structure to track changes in moisture storage
over each time step; this needs initialization here. TJB
2006-Oct-10 Added snow[veg][band].snow_canopy to save_data.swe. TJB
2006-Oct-16 Merged infiles and outfiles structs into filep_struct;
This included removing the unused init_snow file. TJB
2006-Nov-07 Removed LAKE_MODEL option. TJB
2007-Apr-24 Added EXP_TRANS option. JCA
2007-Apr-24 Zsum_node loaded into soil_con structure for later use
without having to recalculate. JCA
2007-Aug-09 Added features for EXCESS_ICE option. JCA
2007-Aug-21 Return value of ErrorFlag if error in
distribute_node_moisture_properties. JCA
2007-Sep-18 Check for soil moist exceeding max moist moved from
read_initial_model_state to here. JCA
2007-Oct-24 Modified initialize_lake() to return ErrorFlag. TJB
2008-Mar-01 Reinserted missing logic for QUICK_FS in calls to
distribute_node_moisture_properties() and
estimate_layer_ice_content(). TJB
2009-Feb-09 Removed dz_node from call to
distribute_node_moisture_properties. KAC via TJB
2009-Feb-09 Removed dz_node from call to find_0_degree_front. KAC via TJB
2009-Mar-15 Modified to not call estimate_layer_ice_content() if
not modeling frozen soil. KAC via TJB
2009-Mar-16 Added resid_moist to argument list of
estimate_layer_ice_content(). This allows computation
of min_liq, the minimum allowable liquid water content
in each layer as a function of temperature. TJB
2009-Jun-09 Modified to use extension of veg_lib structure to contain
bare soil information. TJB
2009-Jul-26 Added initial estimate of incoming longwave at surface
(LongUnderOut) for use in canopy snow T iteration. TJB
2009-Jul-31 Removed extra lake/wetland veg tile. TJB
2009-Sep-19 Added T fbcount to count TFALLBACK occurrences. TJB
2009-Sep-19 Made initialization of Tfoliage more accurate for snow bands. TJB
2009-Sep-28 Added initialization of energy structure. TJB
2009-Nov-15 Added check to ensure that depth of first thermal node
is <= depth of first soil layer. TJB
2009-Dec-11 Removed initialization of save_data structure, since this
is now performed by the initial call to put_data(). TJB
2009-Dec-11 Removed min_liq and options.MIN_LIQ. TJB
2010-Nov-11 Updated call to initialize_lake() to accommodate new
skip_hydro flag. TJB
2011-Mar-01 Updated calls to initialize_soil() and initialize_lake()
to accommodate new arguments. Added more detailed validation
of soil moisture. TJB
2011-Mar-05 Added validation of initial soil moisture, ice, and snow
variables to make sure they are self-consistent. TJB
2011-May-31 Removed options.GRND_FLUX. Now soil temperatures and
ground flux are always computed. TJB
2011-Jun-03 Added options.ORGANIC_FRACT. Soil properties now take
organic fraction into account. TJB
2011-Jul-05 Changed logic initializing soil temperatures so that
type of initialization depends solely on options.QUICK_FLUX;
options.Nnodes is no longer automatically reset here. TJB
2012-Jan-16 Removed LINK_DEBUG code BN
2012-Jan-28 Added stability check for case of (FROZEN_SOIL=TRUE &&
IMPLICIT=FALSE). TJB
2013-Jul-25 Fixed incorrect condition on lake initialization. TJB
2013-Jul-25 Moved computation of tmp_moist argument of
compute_runoff_and_asat() so that it would always be
initialized. TJB
2013-Dec-26 Removed EXCESS_ICE option. TJB
2013-Dec-27 Moved SPATIAL_FROST to options_struct. TJB
2013-Dec-27 Removed QUICK_FS option. TJB
2014-Jan-13 Added validation of Nnodes and dp for EXP_TRANS=TRUE. TJB
2014-Feb-09 Made non-spinup initial temperatures more consistent with
annual average air temperature and bottom boundary
temperature. TJB
2014-Mar-28 Removed DIST_PRCP option. TJB
**********************************************************************/
{
extern option_struct options;
extern veg_lib_struct *veg_lib;
char ErrStr[MAXSTRING];
char FIRST_VEG;
int i, j, ii, veg, index;
int idx;
int cidx;
int lidx;
int nidx;
double tmp_moist[MAX_LAYERS];
double tmp_runoff;
int band;
int frost_area;
int ErrorFlag;
double Cv;
double Zsum, dp;
double tmpdp, tmpadj, Bexp;
double Tair;
double tmp;
double *M;
double moist[MAX_VEG][MAX_BANDS][MAX_LAYERS];
double ice[MAX_VEG][MAX_BANDS][MAX_LAYERS][MAX_FROST_AREAS];
double Clake;
double surf_swq;
double pack_swq;
double TreeAdjustFactor[MAX_BANDS];
double dt_thresh;
int tmp_lake_idx;
cell_data_struct **cell;
energy_bal_struct **energy;
lake_var_struct *lake_var;
snow_data_struct **snow;
veg_var_struct **veg_var;
cell = all_vars->cell;
energy = all_vars->energy;
lake_var = &all_vars->lake_var;
snow = all_vars->snow;
veg_var = all_vars->veg_var;
// Initialize soil depths
dp = soil_con->dp;
FIRST_VEG = TRUE;
// increase initial soil surface temperature if air is very cold
Tair = surf_temp;
if ( surf_temp < -1. ) surf_temp = -1.;
/********************************************
Initialize all snow pack variables
- some may be reset if state file present
********************************************/
initialize_snow(snow, Nveg, cellnum);
/********************************************
Initialize all soil layer variables
- some may be reset if state file present
********************************************/
initialize_soil(cell, soil_con, veg_con, Nveg);
/********************************************
Initialize all vegetation variables
- some may be reset if state file present
********************************************/
initialize_veg(veg_var, veg_con, global_param, Nveg);
/********************************************
Initialize all lake variables
********************************************/
if ( options.LAKES ) {
tmp_lake_idx = lake_con.lake_idx;
if (tmp_lake_idx < 0) tmp_lake_idx = 0;
ErrorFlag = initialize_lake(lake_var, lake_con, soil_con, &(cell[tmp_lake_idx][0]), surf_temp, 0);
if (ErrorFlag == ERROR) return(ErrorFlag);
}
/********************************************
Initialize all spatial frost variables
********************************************/
for ( frost_area = 0; frost_area < options.Nfrost; frost_area++ ) {
if ( options.Nfrost == 1 ) soil_con->frost_fract[frost_area] = 1.;
else if (options.Nfrost == 2 ) soil_con->frost_fract[frost_area] = 0.5;
else {
soil_con->frost_fract[frost_area] = 1. / (options.Nfrost - 1);
if ( frost_area == 0 || frost_area == options.Nfrost-1 )
soil_con->frost_fract[frost_area] /= 2.;
}
}
/********************************************************
Compute grid cell fractions for all subareas used in
spatial distribution of soil frost routines.
********************************************************/
/************************************************************************
CASE 1: Not using quick ground heat flux, and initial conditions files
provided
************************************************************************/
if(options.INIT_STATE) {
read_initial_model_state(filep.init_state, all_vars, global_param,
Nveg, options.SNOW_BAND, cellnum, soil_con,
lake_con);
/******Check that soil moisture does not exceed maximum allowed************/
for ( veg = 0 ; veg <= Nveg ; veg++ ) {
for( band = 0; band < options.SNOW_BAND; band++ ) {
for( lidx = 0; lidx < options.Nlayer; lidx++ ) {
if ( cell[veg][band].layer[lidx].moist > soil_con->max_moist[lidx] ) {
fprintf( stderr, "WARNING: Initial soil moisture (%f mm) exceeds maximum (%f mm) in layer %d for veg tile %d and snow band%d. Resetting to maximum.\n", cell[veg][band].layer[lidx].moist, soil_con->max_moist[lidx], lidx, veg, band );
for ( frost_area = 0; frost_area < options.Nfrost; frost_area++)
cell[veg][band].layer[lidx].ice[frost_area] *= soil_con->max_moist[lidx]/cell[veg][band].layer[lidx].moist;
cell[veg][band].layer[lidx].moist = soil_con->max_moist[lidx];
}
for ( frost_area = 0; frost_area < options.Nfrost; frost_area++) {
if (cell[veg][band].layer[lidx].ice[frost_area] > cell[veg][band].layer[lidx].moist)
cell[veg][band].layer[lidx].ice[frost_area] = cell[veg][band].layer[lidx].moist;
}
tmp_moist[lidx] = cell[veg][band].layer[lidx].moist;
}
compute_runoff_and_asat(soil_con, tmp_moist, 0, &(cell[veg][band].asat), &tmp_runoff);
}
// Override possible bad values of soil moisture under lake coming from state file
// (ideally we wouldn't store these in the state file in the first place)
if (options.LAKES && veg == lake_con.lake_idx) {
for( lidx = 0; lidx < options.Nlayer; lidx++ ) {
lake_var->soil.layer[lidx].moist = soil_con->max_moist[lidx];
for ( frost_area = 0; frost_area < options.Nfrost; frost_area++) {
if (lake_var->soil.layer[lidx].ice[frost_area] > lake_var->soil.layer[lidx].moist)
lake_var->soil.layer[lidx].ice[frost_area] = lake_var->soil.layer[lidx].moist;
}
}
}
}
/****** initialize moist and ice ************/
for ( veg = 0 ; veg <= Nveg ; veg++ ) {
// Initialize soil for existing vegetation types
Cv = veg_con[veg].Cv;
if ( Cv > 0 ) {
for( band = 0; band < options.SNOW_BAND; band++ ) {
for( lidx = 0; lidx < options.Nlayer; lidx++ ) {
moist[veg][band][lidx] = cell[veg][band].layer[lidx].moist;
for ( frost_area = 0; frost_area < options.Nfrost; frost_area++ )
ice[veg][band][lidx][frost_area] = cell[veg][band].layer[lidx].ice[frost_area];
}
}
}
}
/******Check that snow pack terms are self-consistent************/
for ( veg = 0 ; veg <= Nveg ; veg++ ) {
for ( band = 0 ; band < options.SNOW_BAND ; band++ ) {
if (snow[veg][band].swq > MAX_SURFACE_SWE) {
pack_swq = snow[veg][band].swq-MAX_SURFACE_SWE;
surf_swq = MAX_SURFACE_SWE;
}
else {
pack_swq = 0;
surf_swq = snow[veg][band].swq;
snow[veg][band].pack_temp = 0;
}
if (snow[veg][band].surf_water > LIQUID_WATER_CAPACITY*surf_swq) {
snow[veg][band].pack_water += snow[veg][band].surf_water - (LIQUID_WATER_CAPACITY*surf_swq);
snow[veg][band].surf_water = LIQUID_WATER_CAPACITY*surf_swq;
}
if (snow[veg][band].pack_water > LIQUID_WATER_CAPACITY*pack_swq) {
snow[veg][band].pack_water = LIQUID_WATER_CAPACITY*pack_swq;
}
}
}
}
/************************************************************************
CASE 2: Initialize soil if using quick heat flux, and no initial
soil properties file given
************************************************************************/
else if(options.QUICK_FLUX) {
Nnodes = options.Nnode;
/* Initialize soil node thicknesses */
soil_con->dz_node[0] = soil_con->depth[0];
soil_con->dz_node[1] = soil_con->depth[0];
soil_con->dz_node[2] = 2. * (dp - 1.5 * soil_con->depth[0]);
soil_con->Zsum_node[0] = 0;
soil_con->Zsum_node[1] = soil_con->depth[0];
soil_con->Zsum_node[2] = dp;
for ( veg = 0 ; veg <= Nveg ; veg++ ) {
// Initialize soil for existing vegetation types
Cv = veg_con[veg].Cv;
if ( Cv > 0 ) {
for( band = 0; band < options.SNOW_BAND; band++ ) {
/* Initialize soil node temperatures */
energy[veg][band].T[0] = surf_temp;
energy[veg][band].T[1] = surf_temp;
energy[veg][band].T[2] = soil_con->avg_temp;
/* Initialize soil layer moisture and ice contents */
for ( lidx = 0; lidx < options.Nlayer; lidx++ ) {
moist[veg][band][lidx] = cell[veg][band].layer[lidx].moist;
for ( frost_area = 0; frost_area < options.Nfrost; frost_area++ )
ice[veg][band][lidx][frost_area] = 0.;
}
}
}
}
}
/*****************************************************************
CASE 3: Initialize Energy Balance Variables if not using quick
ground heat flux, and no Initial Condition File Given
*****************************************************************/
else if(!options.QUICK_FLUX) {
for ( veg = 0 ; veg <= Nveg ; veg++ ) {
// Initialize soil for existing vegetation types
Cv = veg_con[veg].Cv;
if ( Cv > 0 ) {
for( band = 0; band < options.SNOW_BAND; band++ ) {
if(!options.EXP_TRANS){
/* Initialize soil node temperatures and thicknesses
Nodes set at surface, the depth of the first layer,
twice the depth of the first layer, and at the
damping depth. Extra nodes are placed equal distance
between the damping depth and twice the depth of the
first layer. */
soil_con->dz_node[0] = soil_con->depth[0];
soil_con->dz_node[1] = soil_con->depth[0];
soil_con->dz_node[2] = soil_con->depth[0];
soil_con->Zsum_node[0] = 0;
soil_con->Zsum_node[1] = soil_con[0].depth[0];
Zsum = 2. * soil_con[0].depth[0];
soil_con->Zsum_node[2] = Zsum;
tmpdp = dp - soil_con[0].depth[0] * 2.5;
tmpadj = 3.5;
for ( index = 3; index < Nnodes-1; index++ ) {
if ( FIRST_VEG ) {
soil_con->dz_node[index] = tmpdp/(((double)Nnodes-tmpadj));
}
Zsum += (soil_con->dz_node[index]
+soil_con->dz_node[index-1])/2.;
soil_con->Zsum_node[index] = Zsum;
}
energy[veg][band].T[0] = surf_temp;
for ( index = 1; index < Nnodes; index++ ) {
energy[veg][band].T[index] = soil_con->avg_temp;
}
if ( FIRST_VEG ) {
FIRST_VEG = FALSE;
soil_con->dz_node[Nnodes-1] = (dp - Zsum
- soil_con->dz_node[Nnodes-2]
/ 2. ) * 2.;
Zsum += (soil_con->dz_node[Nnodes-2]
+soil_con->dz_node[Nnodes-1])/2.;
soil_con->Zsum_node[Nnodes-1] = Zsum;
if((int)(Zsum*1000+0.5) != (int)(dp*1000+0.5)) {
sprintf(ErrStr,"Sum of thermal node thicknesses (%f) in initialize_model_state do not equal dp (%f), check initialization procedure",Zsum,dp);
nrerror(ErrStr);
}
}
}
else{ /* exponential grid transformation, EXP_TRANS = TRUE*/
/*calculate exponential function parameter */
if ( FIRST_VEG ) {
Bexp = logf(dp+1.)/(double)(Nnodes-1); //to force Zsum=dp at bottom node
/* validate Nnodes by requiring that there be at least 3 nodes in the top 50cm */
if (Nnodes < 5*logf(dp+1.)+1) {
sprintf(ErrStr,"The number of soil thermal nodes (%d) is too small for the supplied damping depth (%f) with EXP_TRANS set to TRUE, leading to fewer than 3 nodes in the top 50 cm of the soil column. For EXP_TRANS=TRUE, Nnodes and dp must follow the relationship:\n5*ln(dp+1)<Nnodes-1\nEither set Nnodes to at least %d in the global param file or reduce damping depth to %f in the soil parameter file. Or set EXP_TRANS to FALSE in the global parameter file.",Nnodes,dp,(int)(5*logf(dp+1.))+2,exp(0.2*(Nnodes-1))+1);
nrerror(ErrStr);
}
for ( index = 0; index <= Nnodes-1; index++ )
soil_con->Zsum_node[index] = expf(Bexp*index)-1.;
if(soil_con->Zsum_node[0] > soil_con->depth[0]) {
sprintf(ErrStr,"Depth of first thermal node (%f) in initialize_model_state is greater than depth of first soil layer (%f); increase the number of nodes or decrease the thermal damping depth dp (%f)",soil_con->Zsum_node[0],soil_con->depth[0],dp);
nrerror(ErrStr);
}
}
//top node
index=0;
if ( FIRST_VEG )
soil_con->dz_node[index] = soil_con->Zsum_node[index+1]-soil_con->Zsum_node[index];
energy[veg][band].T[index] = surf_temp;
//middle nodes
for ( index = 1; index < Nnodes-1; index++ ) {
if ( FIRST_VEG ) {
soil_con->dz_node[index] = (soil_con->Zsum_node[index+1]-soil_con->Zsum_node[index])/2.+(soil_con->Zsum_node[index]-soil_con->Zsum_node[index-1])/2.;
}
// energy[veg][band].T[index] = exp_interp(soil_con->Zsum_node[index],0.,soil_con[0].dp,
// surf_temp,soil_con[0].avg_temp);
energy[veg][band].T[index] = soil_con->avg_temp;
}
//bottom node
index=Nnodes-1;
if ( FIRST_VEG )
soil_con->dz_node[index] = soil_con->Zsum_node[index]-soil_con->Zsum_node[index-1];
energy[veg][band].T[index] = soil_con->avg_temp;
} // end if !EXP_TRANS
//initialize moisture and ice for each soil layer
for ( lidx = 0; lidx < options.Nlayer; lidx++ ) {
moist[veg][band][lidx] = cell[veg][band].layer[lidx].moist;
for ( frost_area = 0; frost_area < options.Nfrost; frost_area++ )
ice[veg][band][lidx][frost_area] = 0.;
}
}
}
}
}
/*********************************
CASE 4: Unknown option
*********************************/
else {
for ( veg = 0 ; veg <= Nveg ; veg++ ) {
// Initialize soil for existing vegetation types
Cv = veg_con[veg].Cv;
if ( Cv > 0 ) {
for( band = 0; band < options.SNOW_BAND; band++ ) {
// Initialize soil for existing snow elevation bands
if ( soil_con->AreaFract[band] > 0. ) {
for ( index = 0; index < options.Nlayer; index++ ) {
soil_con->dz_node[index] = 1.;
}
}
}
}
}
}
/******************************************
Initialize soil thermal node properties
******************************************/
FIRST_VEG = TRUE;
for ( veg = 0 ; veg <= Nveg ; veg++) {
// Initialize soil for existing vegetation types
Cv = veg_con[veg].Cv;
if ( Cv > 0 ) {
for( band = 0; band < options.SNOW_BAND; band++ ) {
// Initialize soil for existing snow elevation bands
if ( soil_con->AreaFract[band] > 0. ) {
/** Set soil properties for all soil nodes **/
if(FIRST_VEG) {
FIRST_VEG = FALSE;
set_node_parameters(soil_con->dz_node, soil_con->Zsum_node, soil_con->max_moist_node,
soil_con->expt_node, soil_con->bubble_node,
soil_con->alpha, soil_con->beta,
soil_con->gamma, soil_con->depth,
soil_con->max_moist, soil_con->expt,
soil_con->bubble, soil_con->quartz,
Nnodes, options.Nlayer, soil_con->FS_ACTIVE);
}
/* set soil moisture properties for all soil thermal nodes */
ErrorFlag = distribute_node_moisture_properties(energy[veg][band].moist,
energy[veg][band].ice,
energy[veg][band].kappa_node,
energy[veg][band].Cs_node,
soil_con->Zsum_node,
energy[veg][band].T,
soil_con->max_moist_node,
soil_con->expt_node,
soil_con->bubble_node,
moist[veg][band],
soil_con->depth,
soil_con->soil_dens_min,
soil_con->bulk_dens_min,
soil_con->quartz,
soil_con->soil_density,
soil_con->bulk_density,
soil_con->organic,
Nnodes, options.Nlayer,
soil_con->FS_ACTIVE);
if ( ErrorFlag == ERROR ) return ( ErrorFlag );
/* Check node spacing v time step */
/* (note this is only approximate since heat capacity and conductivity can change considerably during the simulation depending on soil moisture and ice content) */
if ((options.FROZEN_SOIL && !options.QUICK_FLUX) && !options.IMPLICIT) {
dt_thresh = 0.5*energy[veg][band].Cs_node[1]/energy[veg][band].kappa_node[1]*pow((soil_con->dz_node[1]),2)/3600; // in hours
if (global_param->dt > dt_thresh) {
sprintf(ErrStr,"ERROR: You are currently running FROZEN SOIL with an explicit method (IMPLICIT is set to FALSE). For the explicit method to be stable, time step %d hours is too large for the given thermal node spacing %f m, soil heat capacity %f J/m3/K, and soil thermal conductivity %f J/m/s/K. Either set IMPLICIT to TRUE in your global parameter file (this is the recommended action), or decrease time step length to <= %f hours, or decrease the number of soil thermal nodes.",global_param->dt,soil_con->dz_node[1],energy[veg][band].Cs_node[1],energy[veg][band].kappa_node[1],dt_thresh);
nrerror(ErrStr);
}
}
/* initialize layer moistures and ice contents */
for ( lidx = 0; lidx < options.Nlayer; lidx++ ) {
cell[veg][band].layer[lidx].moist = moist[veg][band][lidx];
for ( frost_area = 0; frost_area < options.Nfrost; frost_area++ )
cell[veg][band].layer[lidx].ice[frost_area] = ice[veg][band][lidx][frost_area];
}
if (options.QUICK_FLUX) {
ErrorFlag = estimate_layer_ice_content_quick_flux(cell[veg][band].layer,
soil_con->depth, soil_con->dp,
energy[veg][band].T[0], energy[veg][band].T[1],
soil_con->avg_temp, soil_con->max_moist,
soil_con->expt, soil_con->bubble,
soil_con->frost_fract, soil_con->frost_slope,
soil_con->FS_ACTIVE);
}
else {
ErrorFlag = estimate_layer_ice_content(cell[veg][band].layer,
soil_con->Zsum_node,
energy[veg][band].T,
soil_con->max_moist_node,
soil_con->expt_node,
soil_con->bubble_node,
soil_con->depth,
soil_con->max_moist,
soil_con->expt,
soil_con->bubble,
soil_con->frost_fract,
soil_con->frost_slope,
Nnodes, options.Nlayer,
soil_con->FS_ACTIVE);
}
/* Find freezing and thawing front depths */
if(!options.QUICK_FLUX && soil_con->FS_ACTIVE)
find_0_degree_fronts(&energy[veg][band], soil_con->Zsum_node, energy[veg][band].T, Nnodes);
}
}
}
}
// initialize miscellaneous energy balance terms
for ( veg = 0 ; veg <= Nveg ; veg++) {
for ( band = 0; band < options.SNOW_BAND; band++ ) {
/* Set fluxes to 0 */
energy[veg][band].advected_sensible = 0.0;
energy[veg][band].advection = 0.0;
energy[veg][band].AtmosError = 0.0;
energy[veg][band].AtmosLatent = 0.0;
energy[veg][band].AtmosLatentSub = 0.0;
energy[veg][band].AtmosSensible = 0.0;
energy[veg][band].canopy_advection = 0.0;
energy[veg][band].canopy_latent = 0.0;
energy[veg][band].canopy_latent_sub = 0.0;
energy[veg][band].canopy_refreeze = 0.0;
energy[veg][band].canopy_sensible = 0.0;
energy[veg][band].deltaCC = 0.0;
energy[veg][band].deltaH = 0.0;
energy[veg][band].error = 0.0;
energy[veg][band].fusion = 0.0;
energy[veg][band].grnd_flux = 0.0;
energy[veg][band].latent = 0.0;
energy[veg][band].latent_sub = 0.0;
energy[veg][band].longwave = 0.0;
energy[veg][band].LongOverIn = 0.0;
energy[veg][band].LongUnderIn = 0.0;
energy[veg][band].LongUnderOut = 0.0;
energy[veg][band].melt_energy = 0.0;
energy[veg][band].NetLongAtmos = 0.0;
energy[veg][band].NetLongOver = 0.0;
energy[veg][band].NetLongUnder = 0.0;
energy[veg][band].NetShortAtmos = 0.0;
energy[veg][band].NetShortGrnd = 0.0;
energy[veg][band].NetShortOver = 0.0;
energy[veg][band].NetShortUnder = 0.0;
energy[veg][band].out_long_canopy = 0.0;
energy[veg][band].out_long_surface = 0.0;
energy[veg][band].refreeze_energy = 0.0;
energy[veg][band].sensible = 0.0;
energy[veg][band].shortwave = 0.0;
energy[veg][band].ShortOverIn = 0.0;
energy[veg][band].ShortUnderIn = 0.0;
energy[veg][band].snow_flux = 0.0;
/* Initial estimate of LongUnderOut for use by snow_intercept() */
tmp = energy[veg][band].T[0] + KELVIN;
energy[veg][band].LongUnderOut = STEFAN_B * tmp * tmp * tmp * tmp;
energy[veg][band].Tfoliage = Tair + soil_con->Tfactor[band];
}
}
// initialize Tfallback counters
for ( veg = 0 ; veg <= Nveg ; veg++) {
for ( band = 0; band < options.SNOW_BAND; band++ ) {
energy[veg][band].Tfoliage_fbcount = 0;
energy[veg][band].Tcanopy_fbcount = 0;
energy[veg][band].Tsurf_fbcount = 0;
for ( index = 0; index < Nnodes-1; index++ ) {
energy[veg][band].T_fbcount[index] = 0;
}
}
}
// Compute treeline adjustment factors
for ( band = 0; band < options.SNOW_BAND; band++ ) {
if ( soil_con->AboveTreeLine[band] ) {
Cv = 0;
for ( veg = 0 ; veg < veg_con[0].vegetat_type_num ; veg++ ) {
if ( veg_lib[veg_con[veg].veg_class].overstory )
Cv += veg_con[veg].Cv;
}
TreeAdjustFactor[band] = 1. / ( 1. - Cv );
}
else TreeAdjustFactor[band] = 1.;
}
// Initialize crop structures
for ( veg = 0 ; veg < veg_con[0].vegetat_type_num ; veg++ ) {
if (veg_con[veg].crop_frac_active) {
for ( band = 0; band < options.SNOW_BAND; band++ ) {
for (idx = veg_con[veg].crop_frac_idx; idx<veg_con[veg].crop_frac_idx+2; idx++) {
// Copy veg_var state data
if (idx % 2 == 0)
all_vars_crop->veg_var[idx][band].Wdew = 0;
else
all_vars_crop->veg_var[idx][band].Wdew = veg_var[veg][band].Wdew;
if (options.CARBON) {
for (cidx=0; cidx<options.Ncanopy; cidx++) {
all_vars_crop->veg_var[idx][band].NscaleFactor[cidx] = veg_var[veg][band].NscaleFactor[cidx];
all_vars_crop->veg_var[idx][band].aPARLayer[cidx] = veg_var[veg][band].aPARLayer[cidx];
all_vars_crop->veg_var[idx][band].CiLayer[cidx] = veg_var[veg][band].CiLayer[cidx];
all_vars_crop->veg_var[idx][band].rsLayer[cidx] = veg_var[veg][band].rsLayer[cidx];
}
}
all_vars_crop->veg_var[idx][band].Ci = veg_var[veg][band].Ci;
all_vars_crop->veg_var[idx][band].rc = veg_var[veg][band].rc;
all_vars_crop->veg_var[idx][band].NPPfactor = veg_var[veg][band].NPPfactor;
all_vars_crop->veg_var[idx][band].AnnualNPP = veg_var[veg][band].AnnualNPP;
all_vars_crop->veg_var[idx][band].AnnualNPPPrev = veg_var[veg][band].AnnualNPPPrev;
// Copy veg_var flux data
all_vars_crop->veg_var[idx][band].canopyevap = veg_var[veg][band].canopyevap;
all_vars_crop->veg_var[idx][band].throughfall = veg_var[veg][band].throughfall;
all_vars_crop->veg_var[idx][band].aPAR = veg_var[veg][band].aPAR;
all_vars_crop->veg_var[idx][band].GPP = veg_var[veg][band].GPP;
all_vars_crop->veg_var[idx][band].Rphoto = veg_var[veg][band].Rphoto;
all_vars_crop->veg_var[idx][band].Rdark = veg_var[veg][band].Rdark;
all_vars_crop->veg_var[idx][band].Rmaint = veg_var[veg][band].Rmaint;
all_vars_crop->veg_var[idx][band].Rgrowth = veg_var[veg][band].Rgrowth;
all_vars_crop->veg_var[idx][band].Raut = veg_var[veg][band].Raut;
all_vars_crop->veg_var[idx][band].NPP = veg_var[veg][band].NPP;
all_vars_crop->veg_var[idx][band].Litterfall = veg_var[veg][band].Litterfall;
// Copy cell state data
for ( lidx = 0; lidx < 2; lidx++ ) {
all_vars_crop->cell[idx][band].aero_resist[lidx] = cell[veg][band].aero_resist[lidx];
}
all_vars_crop->cell[idx][band].asat = cell[veg][band].asat;
all_vars_crop->cell[idx][band].CLitter = cell[veg][band].CLitter;
all_vars_crop->cell[idx][band].CInter = cell[veg][band].CInter;
all_vars_crop->cell[idx][band].CSlow = cell[veg][band].CSlow;
for ( lidx = 0; lidx < options.Nlayer; lidx++ ) {
all_vars_crop->cell[idx][band].layer[lidx].bare_evap_frac = cell[veg][band].layer[lidx].bare_evap_frac;
all_vars_crop->cell[idx][band].layer[lidx].Cs = cell[veg][band].layer[lidx].Cs;
all_vars_crop->cell[idx][band].layer[lidx].kappa = cell[veg][band].layer[lidx].kappa;
all_vars_crop->cell[idx][band].layer[lidx].moist = cell[veg][band].layer[lidx].moist;
for ( frost_area = 0; frost_area < options.Nfrost; frost_area++ )
all_vars_crop->cell[idx][band].layer[lidx].ice[frost_area] = cell[veg][band].layer[lidx].ice[frost_area];
all_vars_crop->cell[idx][band].layer[lidx].phi = cell[veg][band].layer[lidx].phi;
all_vars_crop->cell[idx][band].layer[lidx].T = cell[veg][band].layer[lidx].T;
all_vars_crop->cell[idx][band].layer[lidx].zwt = cell[veg][band].layer[lidx].zwt;
}
// Copy cell flux data
all_vars_crop->cell[idx][band].baseflow = cell[veg][band].baseflow;
for ( lidx = 0; lidx < options.Nlayer; lidx++ ) {
all_vars_crop->cell[idx][band].layer[lidx].evap = cell[veg][band].layer[lidx].evap;
}
all_vars_crop->cell[idx][band].inflow = cell[veg][band].inflow;
for ( lidx = 0; lidx < N_PET_TYPES; lidx++ ) {
all_vars_crop->cell[idx][band].pot_evap[lidx] = cell[veg][band].pot_evap[lidx];
}
all_vars_crop->cell[idx][band].runoff = cell[veg][band].runoff;
all_vars_crop->cell[idx][band].RhLitter = cell[veg][band].RhLitter;
all_vars_crop->cell[idx][band].RhLitter2Atm = cell[veg][band].RhLitter2Atm;
all_vars_crop->cell[idx][band].RhInter = cell[veg][band].RhInter;
all_vars_crop->cell[idx][band].RhSlow = cell[veg][band].RhSlow;
all_vars_crop->cell[idx][band].RhTot = cell[veg][band].RhTot;
all_vars_crop->cell[idx][band].rootmoist = cell[veg][band].rootmoist;
all_vars_crop->cell[idx][band].wetness = cell[veg][band].wetness;
all_vars_crop->cell[idx][band].zwt = cell[veg][band].zwt;
all_vars_crop->cell[idx][band].zwt_lumped = cell[veg][band].zwt_lumped;
// Copy snow state data
all_vars_crop->snow[idx][band].albedo = snow[veg][band].albedo;
all_vars_crop->snow[idx][band].canopy_albedo = snow[veg][band].canopy_albedo;
all_vars_crop->snow[idx][band].coldcontent = snow[veg][band].coldcontent;
all_vars_crop->snow[idx][band].coverage = snow[veg][band].coverage;
all_vars_crop->snow[idx][band].density = snow[veg][band].density;
all_vars_crop->snow[idx][band].depth = snow[veg][band].depth;
all_vars_crop->snow[idx][band].last_snow = snow[veg][band].last_snow;
all_vars_crop->snow[idx][band].max_snow_depth = snow[veg][band].max_snow_depth;
all_vars_crop->snow[idx][band].MELTING = snow[veg][band].MELTING;
all_vars_crop->snow[idx][band].pack_temp = snow[veg][band].pack_temp;
all_vars_crop->snow[idx][band].pack_water = snow[veg][band].pack_water;
all_vars_crop->snow[idx][band].snow = snow[veg][band].snow;
if (idx % 2 == 0)
all_vars_crop->snow[idx][band].snow_canopy = 0;
else
all_vars_crop->snow[idx][band].snow_canopy = snow[veg][band].snow_canopy;
all_vars_crop->snow[idx][band].store_coverage = snow[veg][band].store_coverage;
all_vars_crop->snow[idx][band].store_snow = snow[veg][band].store_snow;
all_vars_crop->snow[idx][band].store_swq = snow[veg][band].store_swq;
all_vars_crop->snow[idx][band].surf_temp = snow[veg][band].surf_temp;
all_vars_crop->snow[idx][band].surf_temp_fbcount = snow[veg][band].surf_temp_fbcount;
all_vars_crop->snow[idx][band].surf_temp_fbflag = snow[veg][band].surf_temp_fbflag;
all_vars_crop->snow[idx][band].surf_water = snow[veg][band].surf_water;
all_vars_crop->snow[idx][band].swq = snow[veg][band].swq;
all_vars_crop->snow[idx][band].snow_distrib_slope = snow[veg][band].snow_distrib_slope;
all_vars_crop->snow[idx][band].tmp_int_storage = snow[veg][band].tmp_int_storage;
// Copy snow flux data
all_vars_crop->snow[idx][band].blowing_flux = snow[veg][band].blowing_flux;
all_vars_crop->snow[idx][band].canopy_vapor_flux = snow[veg][band].canopy_vapor_flux;
all_vars_crop->snow[idx][band].mass_error = snow[veg][band].mass_error;
all_vars_crop->snow[idx][band].melt = snow[veg][band].melt;
all_vars_crop->snow[idx][band].Qnet = snow[veg][band].Qnet;
all_vars_crop->snow[idx][band].surface_flux = snow[veg][band].surface_flux;
all_vars_crop->snow[idx][band].transport = snow[veg][band].transport;
all_vars_crop->snow[idx][band].vapor_flux = snow[veg][band].albedo;
// Copy energy state data
all_vars_crop->energy[idx][band].AlbedoLake = energy[veg][band].AlbedoLake;
all_vars_crop->energy[idx][band].AlbedoOver = energy[veg][band].AlbedoOver;
all_vars_crop->energy[idx][band].AlbedoUnder = energy[veg][band].AlbedoUnder;
all_vars_crop->energy[idx][band].frozen = energy[veg][band].frozen;
all_vars_crop->energy[idx][band].Nfrost = energy[veg][band].Nfrost;
all_vars_crop->energy[idx][band].Nthaw = energy[veg][band].Nthaw;
all_vars_crop->energy[idx][band].T1_index = energy[veg][band].T1_index;
all_vars_crop->energy[idx][band].Tcanopy = energy[veg][band].Tcanopy;
all_vars_crop->energy[idx][band].Tcanopy_fbcount = energy[veg][band].Tcanopy_fbcount;
all_vars_crop->energy[idx][band].Tcanopy_fbflag = energy[veg][band].Tcanopy_fbflag;
all_vars_crop->energy[idx][band].Tfoliage = energy[veg][band].Tfoliage;
all_vars_crop->energy[idx][band].Tfoliage_fbcount = energy[veg][band].Tfoliage_fbcount;
all_vars_crop->energy[idx][band].Tfoliage_fbflag = energy[veg][band].Tfoliage_fbflag;
all_vars_crop->energy[idx][band].Tsurf = energy[veg][band].Tsurf;
all_vars_crop->energy[idx][band].Tsurf_fbcount = energy[veg][band].Tsurf_fbcount;
all_vars_crop->energy[idx][band].Tsurf_fbflag = energy[veg][band].Tsurf_fbflag;
all_vars_crop->energy[idx][band].unfrozen = energy[veg][band].unfrozen;
for (lidx=0; lidx<2; lidx++) {
all_vars_crop->energy[idx][band].Cs[lidx] = energy[veg][band].Cs[lidx];
all_vars_crop->energy[idx][band].kappa[lidx] = energy[veg][band].kappa[lidx];
}
for (index=0; index<Nnodes; index++) {
all_vars_crop->energy[idx][band].Cs_node[index] = energy[veg][band].Cs_node[index];
all_vars_crop->energy[idx][band].fdepth[index] = energy[veg][band].fdepth[index];
all_vars_crop->energy[idx][band].ice[index] = energy[veg][band].ice[index];
all_vars_crop->energy[idx][band].kappa_node[index] = energy[veg][band].kappa_node[index];
all_vars_crop->energy[idx][band].moist[index] = energy[veg][band].moist[index];
all_vars_crop->energy[idx][band].T[index] = energy[veg][band].T[index];
all_vars_crop->energy[idx][band].T_fbcount[index] = energy[veg][band].T_fbcount[index];
all_vars_crop->energy[idx][band].T_fbflag[index] = energy[veg][band].T_fbflag[index];
all_vars_crop->energy[idx][band].tdepth[index] = energy[veg][band].tdepth[index];
}
// Copy energy flux data
all_vars_crop->energy[idx][band].advected_sensible = energy[veg][band].advected_sensible;
all_vars_crop->energy[idx][band].advection = energy[veg][band].advection;
all_vars_crop->energy[idx][band].AtmosError = energy[veg][band].AtmosError;
all_vars_crop->energy[idx][band].AtmosLatent = energy[veg][band].AtmosLatent;
all_vars_crop->energy[idx][band].AtmosLatentSub = energy[veg][band].AtmosLatentSub;
all_vars_crop->energy[idx][band].AtmosSensible = energy[veg][band].AtmosSensible;
all_vars_crop->energy[idx][band].canopy_advection = energy[veg][band].canopy_advection;
all_vars_crop->energy[idx][band].canopy_latent = energy[veg][band].canopy_latent;
all_vars_crop->energy[idx][band].canopy_latent_sub = energy[veg][band].canopy_latent_sub;
all_vars_crop->energy[idx][band].canopy_refreeze = energy[veg][band].canopy_refreeze;
all_vars_crop->energy[idx][band].canopy_sensible = energy[veg][band].canopy_sensible;
all_vars_crop->energy[idx][band].deltaCC = energy[veg][band].deltaCC;
all_vars_crop->energy[idx][band].deltaH = energy[veg][band].deltaH;
all_vars_crop->energy[idx][band].error = energy[veg][band].error;
all_vars_crop->energy[idx][band].fusion = energy[veg][band].fusion;
all_vars_crop->energy[idx][band].grnd_flux = energy[veg][band].grnd_flux;
all_vars_crop->energy[idx][band].latent = energy[veg][band].latent;
all_vars_crop->energy[idx][band].latent_sub = energy[veg][band].latent_sub;
all_vars_crop->energy[idx][band].longwave = energy[veg][band].longwave;
all_vars_crop->energy[idx][band].LongOverIn = energy[veg][band].LongOverIn;
all_vars_crop->energy[idx][band].LongUnderIn = energy[veg][band].LongUnderIn;
all_vars_crop->energy[idx][band].LongUnderOut = energy[veg][band].LongUnderOut;
all_vars_crop->energy[idx][band].melt_energy = energy[veg][band].melt_energy;
all_vars_crop->energy[idx][band].NetLongAtmos = energy[veg][band].NetLongAtmos;
all_vars_crop->energy[idx][band].NetLongOver = energy[veg][band].NetLongOver;
all_vars_crop->energy[idx][band].NetLongUnder = energy[veg][band].NetLongUnder;
all_vars_crop->energy[idx][band].NetShortAtmos = energy[veg][band].NetShortAtmos;
all_vars_crop->energy[idx][band].NetShortGrnd = energy[veg][band].NetShortGrnd;
all_vars_crop->energy[idx][band].NetShortOver = energy[veg][band].NetShortOver;
all_vars_crop->energy[idx][band].NetShortUnder = energy[veg][band].NetShortUnder;
all_vars_crop->energy[idx][band].out_long_canopy = energy[veg][band].out_long_canopy;
all_vars_crop->energy[idx][band].out_long_surface = energy[veg][band].out_long_surface;
all_vars_crop->energy[idx][band].refreeze_energy = energy[veg][band].refreeze_energy;
all_vars_crop->energy[idx][band].sensible = energy[veg][band].sensible;
all_vars_crop->energy[idx][band].shortwave = energy[veg][band].shortwave;
all_vars_crop->energy[idx][band].ShortOverIn = energy[veg][band].ShortOverIn;
all_vars_crop->energy[idx][band].ShortUnderIn = energy[veg][band].ShortUnderIn;
all_vars_crop->energy[idx][band].snow_flux = energy[veg][band].snow_flux;
}
}
}
}
return(0);
}
void initialize_model_state(dist_prcp_struct *prcp,
dmy_struct dmy,
global_param_struct *global_param,
filep_struct filep,
int cellnum,
int Nveg,
int Nnodes,
int Ndist,
double surf_temp,
soil_con_struct *soil_con,
veg_con_struct *veg_con,
char *init_STILL_STORM,
int *init_DRY_TIME,
save_data_struct *save_data)
/**********************************************************************
initialize_model_state Keith Cherkauer April 17, 2000
This routine initializes the model state (energy balance, water balance,
and snow components). If a state file is provided to the model than its
contents are checked to see if it agrees with the current simulation
set-up, if so it is used to initialize the model state. If no state
file is provided the model initializes all variables with defaults and
the user should expect to throw out the beginning of the simulation
period as model start-up.
UNITS: (m, s, kg, C, moisture in mm) unless otherwise specified
Modifications:
4-17-00 Modified from initialize_energy_bal.c and initialize_snow.c
to provide a single controlling routine for initializing the
model state.
2-10-03 Fixed looping problem with initialization of soil moisture. KAC
3-12-03 Modified so that soil layer ice content is only calculated
when frozen soil is implemented and active in the current
grid cell. KAC
04-10-03 Modified to read storm parameters from model state file. KAC
07-May-04 Initialize soil_con->dz_node[Nnodes] to 0.0, since it is
accessed in set_node_parameters(). TJB
2006-Sep-14 Implemented ALMA-compliant input and output; uses the new
save_data structure to track changes in moisture storage
over each time step; this needs initialization here. TJB
2006-Oct-25 Inserted "if (veg < Nveg)" before the line updating
save_data->wdew, since Wdew is undefined for veg == Nveg. TJB
2006-Oct-26 Merged infiles and outfiles structs into filep_struct;
This included removing the unused init_snow file. TJB
2006-Nov-15 Changed initial state reading from statefile to init_state GCT
**********************************************************************/
{
extern option_struct options;
extern veg_lib_struct *veg_lib;
#if LINK_DEBUG
extern debug_struct debug;
#endif
#if QUICK_FS
extern double temps[];
#endif
char tmpstr[MAXSTRING];
char ErrStr[MAXSTRING];
char FIRST_VEG;
int i, j, ii, veg, index, dist;
int nidx, lidx;
int tmpint;
int dry;
int band;
int zindex;
double sum, Lsum, Zsum, dp, Ltotal;
double tmpdp, tmpadj;
double *kappa, *Cs, *M;
double moist[MAX_VEG][MAX_BANDS][MAX_LAYERS];
double ice[MAX_VEG][MAX_BANDS][MAX_LAYERS];
double unfrozen, frozen;
double **layer_ice;
double **layer_tmp;
double *EMPTY;
#if QUICK_FS
double Aufwc, Bufwc;
#endif
char *EMPTY_C;
double Cv;
double mu;
double TreeAdjustFactor[MAX_BANDS];
cell_data_struct ***cell;
snow_data_struct **snow;
energy_bal_struct **energy;
veg_var_struct ***veg_var;
cell = prcp->cell;
veg_var = prcp->veg_var;
snow = prcp->snow;
energy = prcp->energy;
dp = soil_con->dp;
Ltotal = 0;
for(index=0;index<options.Nlayer;index++) Ltotal += soil_con->depth[index];
FIRST_VEG = TRUE;
// initialize storm parameters to start a new simulation
(*init_DRY_TIME) = -999;
/********************************************
Initialize all snow pack variables
- some may be reset if state file present
********************************************/
initialize_snow(snow, Nveg, cellnum);
/********************************************
Initialize all soil layer variables
- some may be reset if state file present
********************************************/
initialize_soil(cell[WET], soil_con, Nveg);
/********************************************
Initialize all vegetation variables
- some may be reset if state file present
********************************************/
initialize_veg(veg_var[WET], veg_con, global_param);
#if QUICK_FS
if(options.FROZEN_SOIL) {
/***********************************************************
Prepare table of maximum unfrozen water content values
- This linearizes the equation for maximum unfrozen water
content, reducing computation time for the frozen soil
model.
***********************************************************/
for(lidx=0;lidx<options.Nlayer;lidx++) {
for(ii=0;ii<QUICK_FS_TEMPS;ii++) {
Aufwc = maximum_unfrozen_water(temps[ii], 1.0,
soil_con->bubble[lidx],
soil_con->expt[lidx]);
Bufwc = maximum_unfrozen_water(temps[ii+1], 1.0,
soil_con->bubble[lidx],
soil_con->expt[lidx]);
soil_con->ufwc_table_layer[lidx][ii][0]
= linear_interp(0., temps[ii], temps[ii+1], Aufwc, Bufwc);
soil_con->ufwc_table_layer[lidx][ii][1]
= (Bufwc - Aufwc) / (temps[ii+1] - temps[ii]);
}
}
}
#endif
/************************************************************************
CASE 1: Not using quick ground heat flux, and initial conditions files
provided
************************************************************************/
if(options.INIT_STATE) {
read_initial_model_state(filep.init_state, prcp, global_param,
Nveg, options.SNOW_BAND, cellnum, soil_con,
Ndist, init_STILL_STORM, init_DRY_TIME);
for( veg = 0; veg <= Nveg; veg++ )
for( band = 0; band < options.SNOW_BAND; band++ )
for( lidx = 0; lidx < options.Nlayer; lidx++ ) {
moist[veg][band][lidx] = cell[0][veg][band].layer[lidx].moist;
ice[veg][band][lidx] = cell[0][veg][band].layer[lidx].ice;
}
}
/************************************************************************
CASE 2: Initialize soil if using quick heat flux, and no initial
soil properties file given
************************************************************************/
else if(options.QUICK_FLUX) {
for ( veg = 0 ; veg <= Nveg ; veg++) {
for ( band = 0; band < options.SNOW_BAND; band++ ) {
/* Initialize soil node temperatures and thicknesses */
soil_con->dz_node[0] = soil_con->depth[0];
soil_con->dz_node[1] = soil_con->depth[0];
soil_con->dz_node[2] = 2. * (dp - 1.5 * soil_con->depth[0]);
energy[veg][band].T[0] = surf_temp;
energy[veg][band].T[1] = surf_temp;
energy[veg][band].T[2] = soil_con->avg_temp;
for ( lidx = 0; lidx < options.Nlayer; lidx++ ) {
moist[veg][band][lidx] = soil_con->init_moist[lidx];
ice[veg][band][lidx] = 0.;
}
}
}
}
/*****************************************************************
CASE 3: Initialize Energy Balance Variables if not using quick
ground heat flux, and no Initial Condition File Given
*****************************************************************/
else if(!options.QUICK_FLUX) {
for ( veg = 0 ; veg <= Nveg ; veg++) {
for ( band = 0; band < options.SNOW_BAND; band++ ) {
/* Initialize soil node temperatures and thicknesses
Nodes set at surface, the depth of the first layer,
twice the depth of the first layer, and at the
damping depth. Extra nodes are placed equal distance
between the damping depth and twice the depth of the
first layer. */
energy[veg][band].T[0] = surf_temp;
soil_con->dz_node[0] = soil_con->depth[0];
soil_con->dz_node[1] = soil_con->depth[0];
soil_con->dz_node[2] = soil_con->depth[0];
energy[veg][band].T[Nnodes-1] = soil_con->avg_temp;
energy[veg][band].T[1] = exp_interp(soil_con->depth[0], 0., dp,
surf_temp, soil_con->avg_temp);
energy[veg][band].T[2] = exp_interp(2. * soil_con->depth[0], 0., dp,
surf_temp, soil_con->avg_temp);
Zsum = 2. * soil_con[0].depth[0];
tmpdp = dp - soil_con[0].depth[0] * 2.5;
tmpadj = 3.5;
for(index=3;index<Nnodes-1;index++) {
if(veg==0 && band==0)
soil_con->dz_node[index] = tmpdp/(((double)Nnodes-tmpadj));
Zsum += (soil_con->dz_node[index]
+soil_con->dz_node[index-1])/2.;
energy[veg][band].T[index] = exp_interp(Zsum,0.,soil_con[0].dp,
surf_temp,
soil_con[0].avg_temp);
}
if(veg==0 && band==0) {
soil_con->dz_node[Nnodes-1] = (dp - Zsum
- soil_con->dz_node[Nnodes-2]
/ 2. ) * 2.;
Zsum += (soil_con->dz_node[Nnodes-2]
+soil_con->dz_node[Nnodes-1])/2.;
if((int)(Zsum*1000+0.5) != (int)(dp*1000+0.5)) {
sprintf(ErrStr,"Sum of thermal node thicknesses (%f) in initialize_model_state do not equal dp (%f), check initialization procedure",Zsum,dp);
nrerror(ErrStr);
}
}
for ( lidx = 0; lidx < options.Nlayer; lidx++ ) {
moist[veg][band][lidx] = soil_con->init_moist[lidx];
ice[veg][band][lidx] = 0.;
}
}
}
}
/*********************************
CASE 4: Unknown option
*********************************/
else {
for ( veg = 0 ; veg <= Nveg ; veg++) {
for ( band = 0; band < options.SNOW_BAND; band++ ) {
for ( index = 0; index < options.Nlayer; index++ ) {
soil_con->dz_node[index] = 1.;
}
}
}
}
/******************************************
Initialize soil thermal node properties
******************************************/
/* dz_node[Nnodes] is accessed later despite not being set. This can
cause run-time errors on some platforms. Therefore, set it to zero */
soil_con->dz_node[Nnodes]=0.0;
if ( options.GRND_FLUX ) {
for ( veg = 0 ; veg <= Nveg ; veg++) {
for( band = 0; band < options.SNOW_BAND; band++ ) {
/** Set soil properties for all soil nodes **/
if(FIRST_VEG) {
FIRST_VEG = FALSE;
set_node_parameters(soil_con->dz_node, soil_con->max_moist_node,
soil_con->expt_node, soil_con->bubble_node,
soil_con->alpha, soil_con->beta,
soil_con->gamma, soil_con->depth,
soil_con->max_moist, soil_con->expt,
soil_con->bubble, soil_con->quartz,
soil_con->layer_node_fract,
#if QUICK_FS
soil_con->ufwc_table_node,
#endif
Nnodes, options.Nlayer, soil_con->FS_ACTIVE);
sum = soil_con->dz_node[0]/2. + soil_con->dz_node[Nnodes-1]/2.;
for(nidx=1;nidx<Nnodes-1;nidx++) sum += soil_con->dz_node[nidx];
}
/* set soil moisture properties for all soil thermal nodes */
distribute_node_moisture_properties(energy[veg][band].moist,
energy[veg][band].ice,
energy[veg][band].kappa_node,
energy[veg][band].Cs_node,
soil_con->dz_node,
energy[veg][band].T,
soil_con->max_moist_node,
#if QUICK_FS
soil_con->ufwc_table_node,
#else
soil_con->expt_node,
soil_con->bubble_node,
#endif
moist[veg][band], soil_con->depth,
soil_con->soil_density,
soil_con->bulk_density,
soil_con->quartz,
Nnodes, options.Nlayer,
soil_con->FS_ACTIVE);
/* initialize layer moistures and ice contents */
for(dry = 0; dry < Ndist; dry++) {
for(lidx=0;lidx<options.Nlayer;lidx++) {
cell[dry][veg][band].layer[lidx].moist = moist[veg][band][lidx];
cell[dry][veg][band].layer[lidx].ice = ice[veg][band][lidx];
}
if(soil_con->FS_ACTIVE && options.FROZEN_SOIL)
estimate_layer_ice_content(cell[dry][veg][band].layer,
soil_con->dz_node,
energy[veg][band].T,
soil_con->max_moist_node,
#if QUICK_FS
soil_con->ufwc_table_node,
#else
soil_con->expt_node,
soil_con->bubble_node,
#endif
soil_con->depth,
soil_con->max_moist,
#if QUICK_FS
soil_con->ufwc_table_layer,
#else
soil_con->expt,
soil_con->bubble,
#endif
soil_con->bulk_density,
soil_con->soil_density,
soil_con->quartz,
soil_con->layer_node_fract,
Nnodes, options.Nlayer,
soil_con->FS_ACTIVE);
}
/* Find freezing and thawing front depths */
if(!options.QUICK_FLUX && soil_con->FS_ACTIVE)
find_0_degree_fronts(&energy[veg][band], soil_con->dz_node,
energy[veg][band].T, Nnodes);
}
}
}
// Compute treeline adjustment factors
for ( band = 0; band < options.SNOW_BAND; band++ ) {
if ( soil_con->AboveTreeLine[band] ) {
Cv = 0;
for ( veg = 0 ; veg < veg_con[0].vegetat_type_num ; veg++ ) {
if ( veg_lib[veg_con[veg].veg_class].overstory )
Cv += veg_con[veg].Cv;
}
TreeAdjustFactor[band] = 1. / ( 1. - Cv );
}
else TreeAdjustFactor[band] = 1.;
}
// Save initial moisture storages for differencing at end of time step
save_data->total_soil_moist = 0;
save_data->swe = 0;
save_data->wdew = 0;
for( veg = 0; veg <= Nveg; veg++ ) {
if ( veg < veg_con[0].vegetat_type_num )
Cv = veg_con[veg].Cv;
else
Cv = (1.0 - veg_con[0].Cv_sum);
if ( Cv > 0 ) {
for ( dist = 0; dist < Ndist; dist++ ) {
if(dist==0)
mu = prcp[0].mu[veg];
else
mu = 1. - prcp[0].mu[veg];
for( band = 0; band < options.SNOW_BAND; band++ ) {
if (soil_con->AreaFract[band] > 0.
&& ( veg == veg_con[0].vegetat_type_num
|| ( !soil_con->AboveTreeLine[band]
|| (soil_con->AboveTreeLine[band] && !veg_lib[veg_con[veg].veg_class].overstory)))) {
for(lidx=0;lidx<options.Nlayer;lidx++) {
save_data->total_soil_moist +=
(cell[dist][veg][band].layer[lidx].moist) // layer[].moist appears to contain both liquid and ice
* Cv * mu * soil_con->AreaFract[band] * TreeAdjustFactor[band];
}
if (veg < Nveg)
save_data->wdew += veg_var[dist][veg][band].Wdew * Cv * mu * soil_con->AreaFract[band] * TreeAdjustFactor[band];
}
}
}
for( band = 0; band < options.SNOW_BAND; band++ ) {
save_data->swe += snow[veg][band].swq * Cv * soil_con->AreaFract[band] * TreeAdjustFactor[band];
}
}
}
}
/******************************************************************************
* @brief Compute the state variables (energy balance, water balance,
* and snow components) that are derived from the variables that
* are stored in state files.
*****************************************************************************/
void
compute_derived_state_vars(all_vars_struct *all_vars,
soil_con_struct *soil_con,
veg_con_struct *veg_con)
{
extern global_param_struct global_param;
extern option_struct options;
char FIRST_VEG;
size_t Nveg;
size_t veg;
size_t lidx;
size_t band;
size_t tmpTshape[] = {
options.Nlayer, options.Nnode,
options.Nfrost + 1
};
size_t tmpZshape[] = {
options.Nlayer, options.Nnode
};
int ErrorFlag;
double Cv;
double moist[MAX_VEG][MAX_BANDS][MAX_LAYERS];
double dt_thresh;
double tmp_runoff;
double ***tmpT;
double **tmpZ;
cell_data_struct **cell;
energy_bal_struct **energy;
snow_data_struct **snow;
cell = all_vars->cell;
energy = all_vars->energy;
snow = all_vars->snow;
Nveg = veg_con[0].vegetat_type_num;
// allocate memory for tmpT and tmpZ
malloc_3d_double(tmpTshape, &tmpT);
malloc_2d_double(tmpZshape, &tmpZ);
/******************************************
Compute derived soil layer vars
******************************************/
for (veg = 0; veg <= Nveg; veg++) {
// Initialize soil for existing vegetation types
Cv = veg_con[veg].Cv;
if (Cv > 0) {
for (band = 0; band < options.SNOW_BAND; band++) {
// Initialize soil for existing snow elevation bands
if (soil_con->AreaFract[band] > 0.) {
// set up temporary moist arrays
for (lidx = 0; lidx < options.Nlayer; lidx++) {
moist[veg][band][lidx] =
cell[veg][band].layer[lidx].moist;
}
// compute saturated area and water table
compute_runoff_and_asat(soil_con, moist[veg][band], 0,
&(cell[veg][band].asat),
&tmp_runoff);
wrap_compute_zwt(soil_con, &(cell[veg][band]));
}
}
}
}
/******************************************
Compute derived soil snow state vars
******************************************/
for (veg = 0; veg <= Nveg; veg++) {
for (band = 0; band < options.SNOW_BAND; band++) {
if (snow[veg][band].density > 0.) {
snow[veg][band].depth = CONST_RHOFW * snow[veg][band].swq /
snow[veg][band].density;
}
}
}
/******************************************
Compute soil thermal node properties
******************************************/
FIRST_VEG = true;
for (veg = 0; veg <= Nveg; veg++) {
// Initialize soil for existing vegetation types
Cv = veg_con[veg].Cv;
if (Cv > 0) {
for (band = 0; band < options.SNOW_BAND; band++) {
// Initialize soil for existing snow elevation bands
if (soil_con->AreaFract[band] > 0.) {
/** Set soil properties for all soil nodes **/
if (FIRST_VEG) {
FIRST_VEG = false;
set_node_parameters(soil_con->Zsum_node,
soil_con->max_moist_node,
soil_con->expt_node,
soil_con->bubble_node,
soil_con->alpha, soil_con->beta,
soil_con->gamma, soil_con->depth,
soil_con->max_moist, soil_con->expt,
soil_con->bubble,
options.Nnode, options.Nlayer);
}
// set soil moisture properties for all soil thermal nodes
if (options.FULL_ENERGY || options.FROZEN_SOIL) {
ErrorFlag =
distribute_node_moisture_properties(
energy[veg][band].moist,
energy[veg][band].ice,
energy[veg][band].kappa_node,
energy[veg][band].Cs_node,
soil_con->Zsum_node,
energy[veg][band].T,
soil_con->max_moist_node,
soil_con->expt_node,
soil_con->bubble_node,
moist[veg][band],
soil_con->depth,
soil_con->soil_dens_min,
soil_con->bulk_dens_min,
soil_con->quartz,
soil_con->soil_density,
soil_con->bulk_density,
soil_con->organic,
options.Nnode, options.Nlayer,
soil_con->FS_ACTIVE);
if (ErrorFlag == ERROR) {
log_err("Error setting physical properties for "
"soil thermal nodes");
}
}
// Check node spacing v time step
// (note this is only approximate since heat capacity and
// conductivity can change considerably during the
// simulation depending on soil moisture and ice content)
if ((options.FROZEN_SOIL &&
!options.QUICK_FLUX) && !options.IMPLICIT) {
// in seconds
dt_thresh = 0.5 * energy[veg][band].Cs_node[1] /
energy[veg][band].kappa_node[1] *
pow((soil_con->dz_node[1]),
2);
if (global_param.dt > dt_thresh) {
log_err("You are currently running FROZEN SOIL "
"with an explicit method (IMPLICIT is "
"set to FALSE). For the explicit method "
"to be stable, time step %f seconds is too "
"large for the given thermal node spacing "
"%f m, soil heat capacity %f J/m3/K, and "
"soil thermal conductivity %f J/m/s/K. "
"Either set IMPLICIT to TRUE in your "
"global parameter file (this is the "
"recommended action), or decrease time "
"step length to <= %f seconds, or decrease "
"the number of soil thermal nodes.",
global_param.dt,
soil_con->dz_node[1],
energy[veg][band].Cs_node[1],
energy[veg][band].kappa_node[1], dt_thresh);
}
}
/* calculate soil layer temperatures */
if (options.QUICK_FLUX) {
ErrorFlag =
estimate_layer_temperature_quick_flux(
cell[veg][band].layer,
soil_con->depth, soil_con->dp,
energy[veg][band].T[0],
energy[veg][band].T[1],
soil_con->avg_temp);
if (ErrorFlag == ERROR) {
log_err("Error calculating layer temperature "
"using QUICK_FLUX option");
}
}
else {
estimate_frost_temperature_and_depth(
tmpT,
tmpZ,
soil_con->Zsum_node,
energy[veg][band].T,
soil_con->depth,
soil_con->frost_fract,
soil_con->frost_slope,
options.Nnode,
options.Nlayer);
ErrorFlag = estimate_layer_temperature(
cell[veg][band].layer,
tmpT,
tmpZ,
soil_con->Zsum_node,
soil_con->depth,
options.Nnode,
options.Nlayer);
if (ErrorFlag == ERROR) {
log_err("Error calculating layer temperature");
}
}
/* Find freezing and thawing front depths */
if (!options.QUICK_FLUX && soil_con->FS_ACTIVE) {
find_0_degree_fronts(&energy[veg][band],
soil_con->Zsum_node,
energy[veg][band].T,
options.Nnode);
}
}
}
}
}
// free memory for tmpT and tmpZ
free_3d_double(tmpTshape, tmpT);
free_2d_double(tmpZshape, tmpZ);
}
int initialize_model_state(dist_prcp_struct *prcp,
dmy_struct dmy,
global_param_struct *global_param,
filep_struct filep,
int cellnum,
int Nveg,
int Nnodes,
int Ndist,
double surf_temp,
soil_con_struct *soil_con,
veg_con_struct *veg_con,
lake_con_struct lake_con,
char **init_STILL_STORM,
int **init_DRY_TIME)
/**********************************************************************
initialize_model_state Keith Cherkauer April 17, 2000
This routine initializes the model state (energy balance, water balance,
and snow components). If a state file is provided to the model than its
contents are checked to see if it agrees with the current simulation
set-up, if so it is used to initialize the model state. If no state
file is provided the model initializes all variables with defaults and
the user should expect to throw out the beginning of the simulation
period as model start-up.
UNITS: (m, s, kg, C, moisture in mm) unless otherwise specified
Modifications:
4-17-00 Modified from initialize_energy_bal.c and initialize_snow.c
to provide a single controlling routine for initializing the
model state.
9-00 Fixed bug where initialization of soil node temperatures
and moitures was within two vegetation loops, thus only
the first vegetation type was properly initialized. KAC
2-19-03 Modified to initialize soil and vegetation parameters for
the dry grid cell fraction, if distributed precipitation
is activated. KAC
11-18-02 Modified to initialize lake and wetland algorithms
variables. LCB
2-10-03 Fixed looping problem with initialization of soil moisture. KAC
3-12-03 Modified so that soil layer ice content is only calculated
when frozen soil is implemented and active in the current
grid cell. KAC
04-10-03 Modified to read storm parameters from model state file. KAC
04-25-03 Modified to work with vegetation type specific storm
parameters. KAC
07-May-04 Initialize soil_con->dz_node[Nnodes] to 0.0, since it is
accessed in set_node_parameters(). TJB
01-Nov-04 Added support for state files containing SPATIAL_FROST
and LAKE_MODEL state variables. TJB
2006-Apr-21 Replaced Cv (uninitialized) with lake_con.Cl[0] in
surfstor calculation. TJB
2006-Sep-23 Implemented flexible output configuration; uses the new
save_data structure to track changes in moisture storage
over each time step; this needs initialization here. TJB
2006-Oct-10 Added snow[veg][band].snow_canopy to save_data.swe. TJB
2006-Oct-16 Merged infiles and outfiles structs into filep_struct;
This included removing the unused init_snow file. TJB
2006-Nov-07 Removed LAKE_MODEL option. TJB
2007-Apr-24 Added EXP_TRANS option. JCA
2007-Apr-24 Zsum_node loaded into soil_con structure for later use
without having to recalculate. JCA
2007-Aug-09 Added features for EXCESS_ICE option. JCA
2007-Aug-21 Return value of ErrorFlag if error in
distribute_node_moisture_properties. JCA
2007-Sep-18 Check for soil moist exceeding max moist moved from
read_initial_model_state to here. JCA
2007-Oct-24 Modified initialize_lake() to return ErrorFlag. TJB
2008-Mar-01 Reinserted missing logic for QUICK_FS in calls to
distribute_node_moisture_properties() and
estimate_layer_ice_content(). TJB
2009-Feb-09 Removed dz_node from call to
distribute_node_moisture_properties. KAC via TJB
2009-Feb-09 Removed dz_node from call to find_0_degree_front. KAC via TJB
2009-Mar-15 Modified to not call estimate_layer_ice_content() if
not modeling frozen soil. KAC via TJB
2009-Mar-16 Added resid_moist to argument list of
estimate_layer_ice_content(). This allows computation
of min_liq, the minimum allowable liquid water content
in each layer as a function of temperature. TJB
2009-Jun-09 Modified to use extension of veg_lib structure to contain
bare soil information. TJB
2009-Jul-26 Added initial estimate of incoming longwave at surface
(LongUnderOut) for use in canopy snow T iteration. TJB
2009-Jul-31 Removed extra lake/wetland veg tile. TJB
2009-Sep-19 Added T fbcount to count TFALLBACK occurrences. TJB
2009-Sep-19 Made initialization of Tfoliage more accurate for snow bands. TJB
2009-Sep-28 Added initialization of energy structure. TJB
2009-Nov-15 Added check to ensure that depth of first thermal node
is <= depth of first soil layer. TJB
2009-Dec-11 Removed initialization of save_data structure, since this
is now performed by the initial call to put_data(). TJB
2009-Dec-11 Removed min_liq and options.MIN_LIQ. TJB
2010-Nov-11 Updated call to initialize_lake() to accommodate new
skip_hydro flag. TJB
2011-Mar-01 Updated calls to initialize_soil() and initialize_lake()
to accommodate new arguments. Added more detailed validation
of soil moisture. TJB
2011-Mar-05 Added validation of initial soil moisture, ice, and snow
variables to make sure they are self-consistent. TJB
2011-May-31 Removed options.GRND_FLUX. Now soil temperatures and
ground flux are always computed. TJB
2011-Jun-03 Added options.ORGANIC_FRACT. Soil properties now take
organic fraction into account. TJB
2011-Jul-05 Changed logic initializing soil temperatures so that
type of initialization depends solely on options.QUICK_FLUX;
options.Nnodes is no longer automatically reset here. TJB
2012-Jan-16 Removed LINK_DEBUG code BN
2012-Jan-28 Added stability check for case of (FROZEN_SOIL=TRUE &&
IMPLICIT=FALSE). TJB
2013-Jul-25 Fixed incorrect condition on lake initialization. TJB
2013-Jul-25 Moved computation of tmp_moist argument of
compute_runoff_and_asat() so that it would always be
initialized. TJB
2014-Jan-13 Added validation of Nnodes and dp for EXP_TRANS=TRUE. TJB
2014-Feb-09 Made non-spinup initial temperatures more consistent with
annual average air temperature and bottom boundary
temperature. TJB
**********************************************************************/
{
extern option_struct options;
extern veg_lib_struct *veg_lib;
#if QUICK_FS
extern double temps[];
#endif
char ErrStr[MAXSTRING];
char FIRST_VEG;
int i, j, ii, veg, index, dist;
int lidx;
double tmp_moist[MAX_LAYERS];
double tmp_runoff;
int dry;
int band;
#if SPATIAL_FROST
int frost_area;
#endif
int ErrorFlag;
double Cv;
double Zsum, dp;
double tmpdp, tmpadj, Bexp;
double Tair;
double tmp;
double *M;
double moist[MAX_VEG][MAX_BANDS][MAX_LAYERS];
#if SPATIAL_FROST
double ice[MAX_VEG][MAX_BANDS][MAX_LAYERS][FROST_SUBAREAS];
#else
double ice[MAX_VEG][MAX_BANDS][MAX_LAYERS];
#endif // SPATIAL_FROST
#if QUICK_FS
double Aufwc, Bufwc;
#endif
double Clake;
double mu;
double surf_swq;
double pack_swq;
double TreeAdjustFactor[MAX_BANDS];
#if EXCESS_ICE
double sum_mindepth, sum_depth_pre, sum_depth_post, tmp_mindepth;
#endif
double dt_thresh;
int tmp_lake_idx;
cell_data_struct ***cell;
energy_bal_struct **energy;
lake_var_struct *lake_var;
snow_data_struct **snow;
veg_var_struct ***veg_var;
cell = prcp->cell;
energy = prcp->energy;
lake_var = &prcp->lake_var;
snow = prcp->snow;
veg_var = prcp->veg_var;
// Initialize soil depths
dp = soil_con->dp;
FIRST_VEG = TRUE;
// increase initial soil surface temperature if air is very cold
Tair = surf_temp;
if ( surf_temp < -1. ) surf_temp = -1.;
// initialize storm parameters to start a new simulation
(*init_STILL_STORM) = (char *)malloc((Nveg+1)*sizeof(char));
(*init_DRY_TIME) = (int *)malloc((Nveg+1)*sizeof(int));
for ( veg = 0 ; veg <= Nveg ; veg++ )
(*init_DRY_TIME)[veg] = -999;
/********************************************
Initialize all snow pack variables
- some may be reset if state file present
********************************************/
initialize_snow(snow, Nveg, cellnum);
/********************************************
Initialize all soil layer variables
- some may be reset if state file present
********************************************/
initialize_soil(cell[WET], soil_con, veg_con, Nveg);
if ( options.DIST_PRCP )
initialize_soil(cell[DRY], soil_con, veg_con, Nveg);
/********************************************
Initialize all vegetation variables
- some may be reset if state file present
********************************************/
initialize_veg(veg_var[WET], veg_con, global_param, Nveg);
if ( options.DIST_PRCP )
initialize_veg(veg_var[DRY], veg_con, global_param, Nveg);
/********************************************
Initialize all lake variables
********************************************/
if ( options.LAKES ) {
tmp_lake_idx = lake_con.lake_idx;
if (tmp_lake_idx < 0) tmp_lake_idx = 0;
ErrorFlag = initialize_lake(lake_var, lake_con, soil_con, &(cell[WET][tmp_lake_idx][0]), surf_temp, 0);
if (ErrorFlag == ERROR) return(ErrorFlag);
}
/********************************************
Initialize all spatial frost variables
********************************************/
#if SPATIAL_FROST
for ( frost_area = 0; frost_area < FROST_SUBAREAS; frost_area++ ) {
if ( FROST_SUBAREAS == 1 ) soil_con->frost_fract[frost_area] = 1.;
else if (FROST_SUBAREAS == 2 ) soil_con->frost_fract[frost_area] = 0.5;
else {
soil_con->frost_fract[frost_area] = 1. / (FROST_SUBAREAS - 1);
if ( frost_area == 0 || frost_area == FROST_SUBAREAS-1 )
soil_con->frost_fract[frost_area] /= 2.;
}
}
#endif // SPATIAL_FROST
/********************************************************
Compute grid cell fractions for all subareas used in
spatial distribution of soil frost routines.
********************************************************/
#if QUICK_FS
if(options.FROZEN_SOIL) {
/***********************************************************
Prepare table of maximum unfrozen water content values
- This linearizes the equation for maximum unfrozen water
content, reducing computation time for the frozen soil
model.
***********************************************************/
for(lidx=0;lidx<options.Nlayer;lidx++) {
for(ii=0;ii<QUICK_FS_TEMPS;ii++) {
Aufwc = maximum_unfrozen_water(temps[ii], 1.0,
soil_con->bubble[lidx],
soil_con->expt[lidx]);
Bufwc = maximum_unfrozen_water(temps[ii+1], 1.0,
soil_con->bubble[lidx],
soil_con->expt[lidx]);
soil_con->ufwc_table_layer[lidx][ii][0]
= linear_interp(0., temps[ii], temps[ii+1], Aufwc, Bufwc);
soil_con->ufwc_table_layer[lidx][ii][1]
= (Bufwc - Aufwc) / (temps[ii+1] - temps[ii]);
}
}
}
#endif // QUICK_FS
/************************************************************************
CASE 1: Not using quick ground heat flux, and initial conditions files
provided
************************************************************************/
if(options.INIT_STATE) {
#if EXCESS_ICE
sum_mindepth = 0;
sum_depth_pre = 0;
for( lidx = 0; lidx < options.Nlayer; lidx++ ){
tmp_mindepth = (float)(int)(soil_con->min_depth[lidx] * 1000 + 0.5) / 1000;
sum_mindepth += tmp_mindepth;
sum_depth_pre += soil_con->depth[lidx];
}
#endif
read_initial_model_state(filep.init_state, prcp, global_param,
Nveg, options.SNOW_BAND, cellnum, soil_con,
Ndist, *init_STILL_STORM, *init_DRY_TIME, lake_con);
#if EXCESS_ICE
// calculate dynamic soil and veg properties if excess_ice is present
sum_depth_post = 0;
for( lidx = 0; lidx < options.Nlayer; lidx++ )
sum_depth_post += soil_con->depth[lidx];
if( sum_depth_post != sum_depth_pre) {
/*update soil_con properties*/
for( lidx = 0; lidx < options.Nlayer; lidx++ ) {
soil_con->bulk_dens_min[lidx] *= (1.0-soil_con->effective_porosity[lidx])*soil_con->soil_density[lidx]/soil_con->bulk_density[lidx];
if (soil_con->organic[layer] > 0)
soil_con->bulk_dens_org[lidx] *= (1.0-soil_con->effective_porosity[lidx])*soil_con->soil_density[lidx]/soil_con->bulk_density[lidx];
soil_con->bulk_density[lidx] = (1.0-soil_con->effective_porosity[lidx])*soil_con->soil_density[lidx];
soil_con->max_moist[lidx] = soil_con->depth[lidx] * soil_con->effective_porosity[lidx] * 1000.;
} //loop for each soil layer
/********update remaining soil_con properties**********/
/* update Maximum Infiltration for Upper Layers */
if(options.Nlayer==2)
soil_con->max_infil = (1.0+soil_con->b_infilt)*soil_con->max_moist[0];
else
soil_con->max_infil = (1.0+soil_con->b_infilt)*(soil_con->max_moist[0]+soil_con->max_moist[1]);
/* Soil Layer Critical and Wilting Point Moisture Contents */
for(lidx=0;lidx<options.Nlayer;lidx++) {//soil layer
soil_con->Wcr[lidx] = soil_con->Wcr_FRACT[lidx] * soil_con->max_moist[lidx];
soil_con->Wpwp[lidx] = soil_con->Wpwp_FRACT[lidx] * soil_con->max_moist[lidx];
if(soil_con->Wpwp[lidx] > soil_con->Wcr[lidx]) {
sprintf(ErrStr,"Updated wilting point moisture (%f mm) is greater than updated critical point moisture (%f mm) for layer %d.\n\tIn the soil parameter file, Wpwp_FRACT MUST be <= Wcr_FRACT.\n",
soil_con->Wpwp[lidx], soil_con->Wcr[lidx], lidx);
nrerror(ErrStr);
}
if(soil_con->Wpwp[lidx] < soil_con->resid_moist[lidx] * soil_con->depth[lidx] * 1000.) {
sprintf(ErrStr,"Updated wilting point moisture (%f mm) is less than updated residual moisture (%f mm) for layer %d.\n\tIn the soil parameter file, Wpwp_FRACT MUST be >= resid_moist / (1.0 - bulk_density/soil_density).\n",
soil_con->Wpwp[lidx], soil_con->resid_moist[lidx] * soil_con->depth[lidx] * 1000., lidx);
nrerror(ErrStr);
}
}
/* If BASEFLOW = NIJSSEN2001 then convert ARNO baseflow
parameters d1, d2, d3, and d4 to Ds, Dsmax, Ws, and c */
if(options.BASEFLOW == NIJSSEN2001) {
lidx = options.Nlayer-1;
soil_con->Dsmax = soil_con->Dsmax_orig *
pow((double)(1./(soil_con->max_moist[lidx]-soil_con->Ws_orig)), -soil_con->c) +
soil_con->Ds_orig * soil_con->max_moist[lidx];
soil_con->Ds = soil_con->Ds_orig * soil_con->Ws_orig / soil_con->Dsmax_orig;
soil_con->Ws = soil_con->Ws_orig/soil_con->max_moist[lidx];
}
/*********** update root fractions ***************/
calc_root_fractions(veg_con, soil_con);
#if VERBOSE
/* write changes to screen */
fprintf(stderr,"Soil properties initialized from state file:\n");
for(lidx=0;lidx<options.Nlayer;lidx++) {//soil layer
fprintf(stderr,"\tFor layer %d:\n",lidx+1);
fprintf(stderr,"\t\tDepth of soil layer = %.2f m.\n",soil_con->depth[lidx]);
fprintf(stderr,"\t\tEffective porosity = %.2f.\n",soil_con->effective_porosity[lidx]);
fprintf(stderr,"\t\tBulk density = %.2f kg/m^3.\n",soil_con->bulk_density[lidx]);
}
fprintf(stderr,"\tDamping depth = %.2f m.\n",soil_con->dp);
if(sum_depth_post == sum_mindepth)
fprintf(stderr,"\tExcess ice is no longer present in the soil column.\n");
#endif //VERBOSE
}//updated initial conditions due to state file
#endif //EXCESS_ICE
/******Check that soil moisture does not exceed maximum allowed************/
for ( dist = 0; dist < Ndist; dist ++ ) {
for ( veg = 0 ; veg <= Nveg ; veg++ ) {
for( band = 0; band < options.SNOW_BAND; band++ ) {
for( lidx = 0; lidx < options.Nlayer; lidx++ ) {
if ( cell[dist][veg][band].layer[lidx].moist > soil_con->max_moist[lidx] ) {
fprintf( stderr, "WARNING: Initial soil moisture (%f mm) exceeds maximum (%f mm) in layer %d for veg tile %d and snow band%d. Resetting to maximum.\n", cell[dist][veg][band].layer[lidx].moist, soil_con->max_moist[lidx], lidx, veg, band );
#if SPATIAL_FROST
for ( frost_area = 0; frost_area < FROST_SUBAREAS; frost_area++)
cell[dist][veg][band].layer[lidx].ice[frost_area] *= soil_con->max_moist[lidx]/cell[dist][veg][band].layer[lidx].moist;
#else
cell[dist][veg][band].layer[lidx].ice *= soil_con->max_moist[lidx]/cell[dist][veg][band].layer[lidx].moist;
#endif
cell[dist][veg][band].layer[lidx].moist = soil_con->max_moist[lidx];
}
#if SPATIAL_FROST
for ( frost_area = 0; frost_area < FROST_SUBAREAS; frost_area++) {
if (cell[dist][veg][band].layer[lidx].ice[frost_area] > cell[dist][veg][band].layer[lidx].moist)
cell[dist][veg][band].layer[lidx].ice[frost_area] = cell[dist][veg][band].layer[lidx].moist;
}
#else
if (cell[dist][veg][band].layer[lidx].ice > cell[dist][veg][band].layer[lidx].moist)
cell[dist][veg][band].layer[lidx].ice = cell[dist][veg][band].layer[lidx].moist;
#endif
tmp_moist[lidx] = cell[dist][veg][band].layer[lidx].moist;
}
compute_runoff_and_asat(soil_con, tmp_moist, 0, &(cell[dist][veg][band].asat), &tmp_runoff);
}
// Override possible bad values of soil moisture under lake coming from state file
// (ideally we wouldn't store these in the state file in the first place)
if (options.LAKES && veg == lake_con.lake_idx) {
for( lidx = 0; lidx < options.Nlayer; lidx++ ) {
lake_var->soil.layer[lidx].moist = soil_con->max_moist[lidx];
#if SPATIAL_FROST
for ( frost_area = 0; frost_area < FROST_SUBAREAS; frost_area++) {
if (lake_var->soil.layer[lidx].ice[frost_area] > lake_var->soil.layer[lidx].moist)
lake_var->soil.layer[lidx].ice[frost_area] = lake_var->soil.layer[lidx].moist;
}
#else
if (lake_var->soil.layer[lidx].ice > lake_var->soil.layer[lidx].moist)
lake_var->soil.layer[lidx].ice = lake_var->soil.layer[lidx].moist;
#endif
}
}
}
}
/****** initialize moist and ice ************/
for ( veg = 0 ; veg <= Nveg ; veg++ ) {
// Initialize soil for existing vegetation types
Cv = veg_con[veg].Cv;
if ( Cv > 0 ) {
for( band = 0; band < options.SNOW_BAND; band++ ) {
for( lidx = 0; lidx < options.Nlayer; lidx++ ) {
moist[veg][band][lidx] = cell[0][veg][band].layer[lidx].moist;
#if SPATIAL_FROST
for ( frost_area = 0; frost_area < FROST_SUBAREAS; frost_area++ )
ice[veg][band][lidx][frost_area] = cell[0][veg][band].layer[lidx].ice[frost_area];
#else
ice[veg][band][lidx] = cell[0][veg][band].layer[lidx].ice;
#endif
}
}
}
}
/******Check that snow pack terms are self-consistent************/
for ( veg = 0 ; veg <= Nveg ; veg++ ) {
for ( band = 0 ; band < options.SNOW_BAND ; band++ ) {
if (snow[veg][band].swq > MAX_SURFACE_SWE) {
pack_swq = snow[veg][band].swq-MAX_SURFACE_SWE;
surf_swq = MAX_SURFACE_SWE;
}
else {
pack_swq = 0;
surf_swq = snow[veg][band].swq;
snow[veg][band].pack_temp = 0;
}
if (snow[veg][band].surf_water > LIQUID_WATER_CAPACITY*surf_swq) {
snow[veg][band].pack_water += snow[veg][band].surf_water - (LIQUID_WATER_CAPACITY*surf_swq);
snow[veg][band].surf_water = LIQUID_WATER_CAPACITY*surf_swq;
}
if (snow[veg][band].pack_water > LIQUID_WATER_CAPACITY*pack_swq) {
snow[veg][band].pack_water = LIQUID_WATER_CAPACITY*pack_swq;
}
}
}
}
/************************************************************************
CASE 2: Initialize soil if using quick heat flux, and no initial
soil properties file given
************************************************************************/
else if(options.QUICK_FLUX) {
Nnodes = options.Nnode;
/* Initialize soil node thicknesses */
soil_con->dz_node[0] = soil_con->depth[0];
soil_con->dz_node[1] = soil_con->depth[0];
soil_con->dz_node[2] = 2. * (dp - 1.5 * soil_con->depth[0]);
soil_con->Zsum_node[0] = 0;
soil_con->Zsum_node[1] = soil_con->depth[0];
soil_con->Zsum_node[2] = dp;
for ( veg = 0 ; veg <= Nveg ; veg++ ) {
// Initialize soil for existing vegetation types
Cv = veg_con[veg].Cv;
if ( Cv > 0 ) {
for( band = 0; band < options.SNOW_BAND; band++ ) {
/* Initialize soil node temperatures */
energy[veg][band].T[0] = surf_temp;
energy[veg][band].T[1] = surf_temp;
energy[veg][band].T[2] = soil_con->avg_temp;
/* Initialize soil layer moisture and ice contents */
for ( lidx = 0; lidx < options.Nlayer; lidx++ ) {
moist[veg][band][lidx] = cell[0][veg][band].layer[lidx].moist;
#if SPATIAL_FROST
for ( frost_area = 0; frost_area < FROST_SUBAREAS; frost_area++ )
ice[veg][band][lidx][frost_area] = 0.;
#else
ice[veg][band][lidx] = 0.;
#endif
}
}
}
}
}
/*****************************************************************
CASE 3: Initialize Energy Balance Variables if not using quick
ground heat flux, and no Initial Condition File Given
*****************************************************************/
else if(!options.QUICK_FLUX) {
for ( veg = 0 ; veg <= Nveg ; veg++ ) {
// Initialize soil for existing vegetation types
Cv = veg_con[veg].Cv;
if ( Cv > 0 ) {
for( band = 0; band < options.SNOW_BAND; band++ ) {
if(!options.EXP_TRANS){
/* Initialize soil node temperatures and thicknesses
Nodes set at surface, the depth of the first layer,
twice the depth of the first layer, and at the
damping depth. Extra nodes are placed equal distance
between the damping depth and twice the depth of the
first layer. */
soil_con->dz_node[0] = soil_con->depth[0];
soil_con->dz_node[1] = soil_con->depth[0];
soil_con->dz_node[2] = soil_con->depth[0];
soil_con->Zsum_node[0] = 0;
soil_con->Zsum_node[1] = soil_con[0].depth[0];
Zsum = 2. * soil_con[0].depth[0];
soil_con->Zsum_node[2] = Zsum;
tmpdp = dp - soil_con[0].depth[0] * 2.5;
tmpadj = 3.5;
for ( index = 3; index < Nnodes-1; index++ ) {
if ( FIRST_VEG ) {
soil_con->dz_node[index] = tmpdp/(((double)Nnodes-tmpadj));
}
Zsum += (soil_con->dz_node[index]
+soil_con->dz_node[index-1])/2.;
soil_con->Zsum_node[index] = Zsum;
}
energy[veg][band].T[0] = surf_temp;
for ( index = 1; index < Nnodes; index++ ) {
energy[veg][band].T[index] = soil_con->avg_temp;
}
if ( FIRST_VEG ) {
FIRST_VEG = FALSE;
soil_con->dz_node[Nnodes-1] = (dp - Zsum
- soil_con->dz_node[Nnodes-2]
/ 2. ) * 2.;
Zsum += (soil_con->dz_node[Nnodes-2]
+soil_con->dz_node[Nnodes-1])/2.;
soil_con->Zsum_node[Nnodes-1] = Zsum;
if((int)(Zsum*1000+0.5) != (int)(dp*1000+0.5)) {
sprintf(ErrStr,"Sum of thermal node thicknesses (%f) in initialize_model_state do not equal dp (%f), check initialization procedure",Zsum,dp);
nrerror(ErrStr);
}
}
}
else{ /* exponential grid transformation, EXP_TRANS = TRUE*/
if ( FIRST_VEG ) {
/*calculate exponential function parameter */
Bexp = logf(dp+1.)/(double)(Nnodes-1); //to force Zsum=dp at bottom node
/* validate Nnodes by requiring that there be at least 3 nodes in the top 50cm */
if (Nnodes < 5*logf(dp+1.)+1) {
sprintf(ErrStr,"The number of soil thermal nodes (%d) is too small for the supplied damping depth (%f) with EXP_TRANS set to TRUE, leading to fewer than 3 nodes in the top 50 cm of the soil column. For EXP_TRANS=TRUE, Nnodes and dp must follow the relationship:\n5*ln(dp+1)<Nnodes-1\nEither set Nnodes to at least %d in the global param file or reduce damping depth to %f in the soil parameter file. Or set EXP_TRANS to FALSE in the global parameter file.",Nnodes,dp,(int)(5*logf(dp+1.))+2,exp(0.2*(Nnodes-1))+1);
nrerror(ErrStr);
}
for ( index = 0; index <= Nnodes-1; index++ )
soil_con->Zsum_node[index] = expf(Bexp*index)-1.;
if(soil_con->Zsum_node[0] > soil_con->depth[0]) {
sprintf(ErrStr,"Depth of first thermal node (%f) in initialize_model_state is greater than depth of first soil layer (%f); increase the number of nodes or decrease the thermal damping depth dp (%f)",soil_con->Zsum_node[0],soil_con->depth[0],dp);
nrerror(ErrStr);
}
}
//top node
index=0;
if ( FIRST_VEG )
soil_con->dz_node[index] = soil_con->Zsum_node[index+1]-soil_con->Zsum_node[index];
energy[veg][band].T[index] = surf_temp;
//middle nodes
for ( index = 1; index < Nnodes-1; index++ ) {
if ( FIRST_VEG ) {
soil_con->dz_node[index] = (soil_con->Zsum_node[index+1]-soil_con->Zsum_node[index])/2.+(soil_con->Zsum_node[index]-soil_con->Zsum_node[index-1])/2.;
}
// energy[veg][band].T[index] = exp_interp(soil_con->Zsum_node[index],0.,soil_con[0].dp,
// surf_temp,soil_con[0].avg_temp);
energy[veg][band].T[index] = soil_con->avg_temp;
}
//bottom node
index=Nnodes-1;
if ( FIRST_VEG )
soil_con->dz_node[index] = soil_con->Zsum_node[index]-soil_con->Zsum_node[index-1];
energy[veg][band].T[index] = soil_con->avg_temp;
} // end if !EXP_TRANS
//initialize moisture and ice for each soil layer
for ( lidx = 0; lidx < options.Nlayer; lidx++ ) {
moist[veg][band][lidx] = cell[0][veg][band].layer[lidx].moist;
#if SPATIAL_FROST
for ( frost_area = 0; frost_area < FROST_SUBAREAS; frost_area++ )
ice[veg][band][lidx][frost_area] = 0.;
#else
ice[veg][band][lidx] = 0.;
#endif
}
}
}
}
}
/*********************************
CASE 4: Unknown option
*********************************/
else {
for ( veg = 0 ; veg <= Nveg ; veg++ ) {
// Initialize soil for existing vegetation types
Cv = veg_con[veg].Cv;
if ( Cv > 0 ) {
for( band = 0; band < options.SNOW_BAND; band++ ) {
// Initialize soil for existing snow elevation bands
if ( soil_con->AreaFract[band] > 0. ) {
for ( index = 0; index < options.Nlayer; index++ ) {
soil_con->dz_node[index] = 1.;
}
}
}
}
}
}
/********************************************
Initialize subsidence
********************************************/
#if EXCESS_ICE
for ( lidx = 0; lidx < options.Nlayer; lidx++ )
soil_con->subsidence[lidx] = 0.0;
#endif // EXCESS_ICE
/******************************************
Initialize soil thermal node properties
******************************************/
FIRST_VEG = TRUE;
for ( veg = 0 ; veg <= Nveg ; veg++) {
// Initialize soil for existing vegetation types
Cv = veg_con[veg].Cv;
if ( Cv > 0 ) {
for( band = 0; band < options.SNOW_BAND; band++ ) {
// Initialize soil for existing snow elevation bands
if ( soil_con->AreaFract[band] > 0. ) {
/** Set soil properties for all soil nodes **/
if(FIRST_VEG) {
FIRST_VEG = FALSE;
set_node_parameters(soil_con->dz_node, soil_con->Zsum_node, soil_con->max_moist_node,
soil_con->expt_node, soil_con->bubble_node,
soil_con->alpha, soil_con->beta,
soil_con->gamma, soil_con->depth,
soil_con->max_moist, soil_con->expt,
soil_con->bubble, soil_con->quartz,
#if QUICK_FS
soil_con->ufwc_table_node,
#endif // QUICK_FS
#if EXCESS_ICE
soil_con->porosity, soil_con->effective_porosity,
soil_con->porosity_node, soil_con->effective_porosity_node,
#endif // EXCESS_ICE
Nnodes, options.Nlayer, soil_con->FS_ACTIVE);
}
/* set soil moisture properties for all soil thermal nodes */
ErrorFlag = distribute_node_moisture_properties(energy[veg][band].moist,
energy[veg][band].ice,
energy[veg][band].kappa_node,
energy[veg][band].Cs_node,
soil_con->Zsum_node,
energy[veg][band].T,
soil_con->max_moist_node,
#if QUICK_FS
soil_con->ufwc_table_node,
#else
soil_con->expt_node,
soil_con->bubble_node,
#endif // QUICK_FS
#if EXCESS_ICE
soil_con->porosity_node,
soil_con->effective_porosity_node,
#endif // EXCESS_ICE
moist[veg][band],
soil_con->depth,
soil_con->soil_dens_min,
soil_con->bulk_dens_min,
soil_con->quartz,
soil_con->soil_density,
soil_con->bulk_density,
soil_con->organic,
Nnodes, options.Nlayer,
soil_con->FS_ACTIVE);
if ( ErrorFlag == ERROR ) return ( ErrorFlag );
/* Check node spacing v time step */
/* (note this is only approximate since heat capacity and conductivity can change considerably during the simulation depending on soil moisture and ice content) */
if ((options.FROZEN_SOIL && !options.QUICK_FLUX) && !options.IMPLICIT) {
dt_thresh = 0.5*energy[veg][band].Cs_node[1]/energy[veg][band].kappa_node[1]*pow((soil_con->dz_node[1]),2)/3600; // in hours
if (global_param->dt > dt_thresh) {
sprintf(ErrStr,"ERROR: You are currently running FROZEN SOIL with an explicit method (IMPLICIT is set to FALSE). For the explicit method to be stable, time step %d hours is too large for the given thermal node spacing %f m, soil heat capacity %f J/m3/K, and soil thermal conductivity %f J/m/s/K. Either set IMPLICIT to TRUE in your global parameter file (this is the recommended action), or decrease time step length to <= %f hours, or decrease the number of soil thermal nodes.",global_param->dt,soil_con->dz_node[1],energy[veg][band].Cs_node[1],energy[veg][band].kappa_node[1],dt_thresh);
nrerror(ErrStr);
}
}
/* initialize layer moistures and ice contents */
for ( dry = 0; dry < Ndist; dry++ ) {
for ( lidx = 0; lidx < options.Nlayer; lidx++ ) {
cell[dry][veg][band].layer[lidx].moist = moist[veg][band][lidx];
#if SPATIAL_FROST
for ( frost_area = 0; frost_area < FROST_SUBAREAS; frost_area++ )
cell[dry][veg][band].layer[lidx].ice[frost_area] = ice[veg][band][lidx][frost_area];
#else
cell[dry][veg][band].layer[lidx].ice = ice[veg][band][lidx];
#endif
}
if (options.QUICK_FLUX) {
ErrorFlag = estimate_layer_ice_content_quick_flux(cell[dry][veg][band].layer,
soil_con->depth, soil_con->dp,
energy[veg][band].T[0], energy[veg][band].T[1],
soil_con->avg_temp, soil_con->max_moist,
#if QUICK_FS
soil_con->ufwc_table_layer,
#else
soil_con->expt, soil_con->bubble,
#endif // QUICK_FS
#if SPATIAL_FROST
soil_con->frost_fract, soil_con->frost_slope,
#endif // SPATIAL_FROST
#if EXCESS_ICE
soil_con->porosity,
soil_con->effective_porosity,
#endif // EXCESS_ICE
soil_con->FS_ACTIVE);
}
else {
ErrorFlag = estimate_layer_ice_content(cell[dry][veg][band].layer,
soil_con->Zsum_node,
energy[veg][band].T,
soil_con->max_moist_node,
#if QUICK_FS
soil_con->ufwc_table_node,
#else
soil_con->expt_node,
soil_con->bubble_node,
#endif // QUICK_FS
soil_con->depth,
soil_con->max_moist,
#if QUICK_FS
soil_con->ufwc_table_layer,
#else
soil_con->expt,
soil_con->bubble,
#endif // QUICK_FS
#if SPATIAL_FROST
soil_con->frost_fract,
soil_con->frost_slope,
#endif // SPATIAL_FROST
#if EXCESS_ICE
soil_con->porosity,
soil_con->effective_porosity,
#endif // EXCESS_ICE
Nnodes, options.Nlayer,
soil_con->FS_ACTIVE);
}
}
/* Find freezing and thawing front depths */
if(!options.QUICK_FLUX && soil_con->FS_ACTIVE)
find_0_degree_fronts(&energy[veg][band], soil_con->Zsum_node, energy[veg][band].T, Nnodes);
}
}
}
}
// initialize miscellaneous energy balance terms
for ( veg = 0 ; veg <= Nveg ; veg++) {
for ( band = 0; band < options.SNOW_BAND; band++ ) {
/* Set fluxes to 0 */
energy[veg][band].advected_sensible = 0.0;
energy[veg][band].advection = 0.0;
energy[veg][band].AtmosError = 0.0;
energy[veg][band].AtmosLatent = 0.0;
energy[veg][band].AtmosLatentSub = 0.0;
energy[veg][band].AtmosSensible = 0.0;
energy[veg][band].canopy_advection = 0.0;
energy[veg][band].canopy_latent = 0.0;
energy[veg][band].canopy_latent_sub = 0.0;
energy[veg][band].canopy_refreeze = 0.0;
energy[veg][band].canopy_sensible = 0.0;
energy[veg][band].deltaCC = 0.0;
energy[veg][band].deltaH = 0.0;
energy[veg][band].error = 0.0;
energy[veg][band].fusion = 0.0;
energy[veg][band].grnd_flux = 0.0;
energy[veg][band].latent = 0.0;
energy[veg][band].latent_sub = 0.0;
energy[veg][band].longwave = 0.0;
energy[veg][band].LongOverIn = 0.0;
energy[veg][band].LongUnderIn = 0.0;
energy[veg][band].LongUnderOut = 0.0;
energy[veg][band].melt_energy = 0.0;
energy[veg][band].NetLongAtmos = 0.0;
energy[veg][band].NetLongOver = 0.0;
energy[veg][band].NetLongUnder = 0.0;
energy[veg][band].NetShortAtmos = 0.0;
energy[veg][band].NetShortGrnd = 0.0;
energy[veg][band].NetShortOver = 0.0;
energy[veg][band].NetShortUnder = 0.0;
energy[veg][band].out_long_canopy = 0.0;
energy[veg][band].out_long_surface = 0.0;
energy[veg][band].refreeze_energy = 0.0;
energy[veg][band].sensible = 0.0;
energy[veg][band].shortwave = 0.0;
energy[veg][band].ShortOverIn = 0.0;
energy[veg][band].ShortUnderIn = 0.0;
energy[veg][band].snow_flux = 0.0;
/* Initial estimate of LongUnderOut for use by snow_intercept() */
tmp = energy[veg][band].T[0] + KELVIN;
energy[veg][band].LongUnderOut = STEFAN_B * tmp * tmp * tmp * tmp;
energy[veg][band].Tfoliage = Tair + soil_con->Tfactor[band];
}
}
// initialize Tfallback counters
for ( veg = 0 ; veg <= Nveg ; veg++) {
for ( band = 0; band < options.SNOW_BAND; band++ ) {
energy[veg][band].Tfoliage_fbcount = 0;
energy[veg][band].Tcanopy_fbcount = 0;
energy[veg][band].Tsurf_fbcount = 0;
for ( index = 0; index < Nnodes-1; index++ ) {
energy[veg][band].T_fbcount[index] = 0;
}
}
}
// Compute treeline adjustment factors
for ( band = 0; band < options.SNOW_BAND; band++ ) {
if ( soil_con->AboveTreeLine[band] ) {
Cv = 0;
for ( veg = 0 ; veg < veg_con[0].vegetat_type_num ; veg++ ) {
if ( veg_lib[veg_con[veg].veg_class].overstory )
Cv += veg_con[veg].Cv;
}
TreeAdjustFactor[band] = 1. / ( 1. - Cv );
}
else TreeAdjustFactor[band] = 1.;
}
return(0);
}