Real
RichardsFlux::computeQpJacobian()
{
Real mob = mobility(_density[_qp][_pvar], _rel_perm[_qp][_pvar]);
Real dmob_dp = dmobility_dp(_density[_qp][_pvar], _ddensity[_qp][_pvar], _rel_perm[_qp][_pvar], _drel_perm[_qp][_pvar]*_dseff[_qp][_pvar][_pvar]);
RealVectorValue pot = _permeability[_qp]*(_grad_u[_qp] - _density[_qp][_pvar]*_gravity[_qp]);
RealVectorValue dpot_dp = _permeability[_qp]*(_grad_phi[_j][_qp] - _phi[_j][_qp]*_ddensity[_qp][_pvar]*_gravity[_qp]); // note: includes _phi
Real dflux_dp = _grad_test[_i][_qp]*(dmob_dp*_phi[_j][_qp]*pot + mob*dpot_dp);
Real supg_test = _tauvel_SUPG[_qp][_pvar]*_grad_test[_i][_qp];
Real supg_test_prime = _grad_phi[_j][_qp]*(_dtauvel_SUPG_dgradp[_qp][_pvar]*_grad_test[_i][_qp]) + _phi[_j][_qp]*_dtauvel_SUPG_dp[_qp][_pvar]*_grad_test[_i][_qp];
Real supg_kernel = 0.0;
Real supg_kernel_prime = 0.0;
if (supg_test != 0)
{
RealVectorValue grad_mob = dmob_dp*_grad_u[_qp];
// NOTE: since Libmesh does not correctly calculate grad(_grad_u) correctly, so following might not be correct
Real div_pot = ((_permeability[_qp]*_second_u[_qp]).tr() - (_permeability[_qp]*_grad_u[_qp])*_ddensity[_qp][_pvar]*_gravity[_qp]);
supg_kernel = -grad_mob*pot - mob*div_pot;
Real d2mob_dp2 = d2mobility_dp2(_density[_qp][_pvar], _ddensity[_qp][_pvar], _d2density[_qp][_pvar], _rel_perm[_qp][_pvar], _drel_perm[_qp][_pvar]*_dseff[_qp][_pvar][_pvar], _d2rel_perm[_qp][_pvar]*_dseff[_qp][_pvar][_pvar]*_dseff[_qp][_pvar][_pvar] + _drel_perm[_qp][_pvar]*_d2seff[_qp][_pvar][_pvar][_pvar]);
RealVectorValue dgrad_mob_dp = d2mob_dp2*_phi[_j][_qp]*_grad_u[_qp] + dmob_dp*_grad_phi[_j][_qp];
Real ddiv_pot_dp = -(_permeability[_qp]*_grad_phi[_j][_qp])*_ddensity[_qp][_pvar]*_gravity[_qp] - (_permeability[_qp]*_grad_u[_qp])*_d2density[_qp][_pvar]*_phi[_j][_qp]*_gravity[_qp];
//ddiv_pot_dp += (_permeability[_qp]*_second_phi[_j][_qp]).tr(); // crashes because _second_phi_zero is not done correctly
supg_kernel_prime = -dgrad_mob_dp*pot - grad_mob*dpot_dp - dmob_dp*_phi[_j][_qp]*div_pot - mob*ddiv_pot_dp;
}
return (dflux_dp + supg_test_prime*supg_kernel + supg_test*supg_kernel_prime)/_viscosity[_qp][_pvar];
}
void TransportSolverCompressibleTwophaseReorder::solveSingleCellGravity(const std::vector<int>& cells,
const int pos,
const double* gravflux)
{
const int cell = cells[pos];
GravityResidual res(*this, cells, pos, gravflux);
if (std::fabs(res(saturation_[cell])) > tol_) {
int iters_used;
saturation_[cell] = RootFinder::solve(res, saturation_[cell], 0.0, 1.0, maxit_, tol_, iters_used);
}
mobility(saturation_[cell], cell, &mob_[2*cell]);
}
void
PorousFlowDarcyBase::harmonicMean(JacRes res_or_jac, unsigned int ph, unsigned int pvar)
{
// The number of nodes in the element
const unsigned int num_nodes = _test.size();
std::vector<Real> mob(num_nodes);
unsigned num_zero = 0;
unsigned zero_mobility_node = std::numeric_limits<unsigned>::max();
Real harmonic_mob = 0;
for (unsigned n = 0; n < num_nodes; ++n)
{
mob[n] = mobility(n, ph);
if (mob[n] == 0.0)
{
zero_mobility_node = n;
num_zero++;
}
else
harmonic_mob += 1.0 / mob[n];
}
if (num_zero > 0)
harmonic_mob = 0.0;
else
harmonic_mob = (1.0 * num_nodes) / harmonic_mob;
// d(harmonic_mob)/d(PorousFlow variable at node n)
std::vector<Real> dharmonic_mob(num_nodes, 0.0);
if (res_or_jac == JacRes::CALCULATE_JACOBIAN)
{
const Real harm2 = std::pow(harmonic_mob, 2) / (1.0 * num_nodes);
if (num_zero == 0)
for (unsigned n = 0; n < num_nodes; ++n)
dharmonic_mob[n] = dmobility(n, ph, pvar) * harm2 / std::pow(mob[n], 2);
else if (num_zero == 1)
dharmonic_mob[zero_mobility_node] =
num_nodes * dmobility(zero_mobility_node, ph, pvar); // other derivs are zero
// if num_zero > 1 then all dharmonic_mob = 0.0
}
if (res_or_jac == JacRes::CALCULATE_JACOBIAN)
for (unsigned n = 0; n < num_nodes; ++n)
for (_j = 0; _j < _phi.size(); _j++)
{
_jacobian[ph][n][_j] *= harmonic_mob;
if (_test.size() == _phi.size())
_jacobian[ph][n][_j] += dharmonic_mob[_j] * _proto_flux[ph][n];
}
if (res_or_jac == JacRes::CALCULATE_RESIDUAL)
for (unsigned n = 0; n < num_nodes; ++n)
_proto_flux[ph][n] *= harmonic_mob;
}
void TransportSolverTwophaseReorder::solveSingleCellGravity(const std::vector<int>& cells,
const int pos,
const double* gravflux)
{
const int cell = cells[pos];
GravityResidual res(*this, cells, pos, gravflux);
if (std::fabs(res(saturation_[cell])) > tol_) {
int iters_used = 0;
saturation_[cell] = RootFinder::solve(res, smin_[2*cell], smax_[2*cell], maxit_, tol_, iters_used);
reorder_iterations_[cell] = reorder_iterations_[cell] + iters_used;
}
saturation_[cell] = std::min(std::max(saturation_[cell], smin_[2*cell]), smax_[2*cell]);
mobility(saturation_[cell], cell, &mob_[2*cell]);
}
void update(MMSP::grid<3,int>& grid, int steps)
{
const double kT = 0.75;
int gss = int(sqrt(nodes(grid)));
for (int step=0; step<steps; step++) {
for (int h=0; h<nodes(grid); h++) {
// choose a random node
int p = rand()%nodes(grid);
vector<int> x = position(grid,p);
int spin1 = grid(p);
if (spin1!=0) {
// determine neighboring spins
sparse<bool> neighbors;
for (int i=-1; i<=1; i++)
for (int j=-1; j<=1; j++)
for (int k=-1; k<=1; k++) {
int spin = grid[x[0]+i][x[1]+j][x[2]+k];
set(neighbors,spin) = true;
}
// choose a random neighbor spin
int spin2 = index(neighbors,rand()%length(neighbors));
if (spin1!=spin2 and spin2!=0) {
// compute energy change
double dE = -energy(spin1,spin2);
for (int i=-1; i<=1; i++)
for (int j=-1; j<=1; j++)
for (int k=-1; k<=1; k++) {
int spin = grid[x[0]+i][x[1]+j][x[2]+k];
dE += energy(spin,spin2)-energy(spin,spin1);
}
// compute boundary energy, mobility
double E = energy(spin1,spin2);
double M = mobility(spin1,spin2);
// attempt a spin flip
double r = double(rand())/double(RAND_MAX);
if (dE<=0.0 and r<M*E) grid(p) = spin2;
if (dE>0.0 and r<M*E*exp(-dE/(E*kT))) grid(p) = spin2;
}
}
if (h%gss==0) ghostswap(grid);
}
}
}
void TransportSolverCompressibleTwophaseReorder::solveGravity(const std::vector<std::vector<int> >& columns,
const double dt,
std::vector<double>& saturation,
std::vector<double>& surfacevol)
{
// Assume that solve() has already been called, so that A_ is current.
initGravityDynamic();
// Initialize mobilities.
const int nc = grid_.number_of_cells;
std::vector<int> cells(nc);
for (int c = 0; c < nc; ++c) {
cells[c] = c;
}
mob_.resize(2*nc);
// props_.relperm(cells.size(), &saturation[0], &cells[0], &mob_[0], 0);
// props_.viscosity(props_.numCells(), pressure, NULL, &allcells_[0], &visc_[0], NULL);
// for (int c = 0; c < nc; ++c) {
// mob_[2*c + 0] /= visc_[2*c + 0];
// mob_[2*c + 1] /= visc_[2*c + 1];
// }
const int np = props_.numPhases();
for (int cell = 0; cell < nc; ++cell) {
mobility(saturation_[cell], cell, &mob_[np*cell]);
}
// Set up other variables.
dt_ = dt;
toWaterSat(saturation, saturation_);
// Solve on all columns.
int num_iters = 0;
for (std::vector<std::vector<int> >::size_type i = 0; i < columns.size(); i++) {
// std::cout << "==== new column" << std::endl;
num_iters += solveGravityColumn(columns[i]);
}
std::cout << "Gauss-Seidel column solver average iterations: "
<< double(num_iters)/double(columns.size()) << std::endl;
toBothSat(saturation_, saturation);
// Compute surface volume as a postprocessing step from saturation and A_
computeSurfacevol(grid_.number_of_cells, props_.numPhases(), &A_[0], &saturation[0], &surfacevol[0]);
}
Real
RichardsFlux::computeQpResidual()
{
Real mob = mobility(_density[_qp][_pvar], _rel_perm[_qp][_pvar]);
RealVectorValue pot = _permeability[_qp]*(_grad_u[_qp] - _density[_qp][_pvar]*_gravity[_qp]);
Real flux_part = _grad_test[_i][_qp]*mob*pot;
Real supg_test = _tauvel_SUPG[_qp][_pvar]*_grad_test[_i][_qp];
Real supg_kernel = 0.0;
if (supg_test != 0)
{
Real dmob_dp = dmobility_dp(_density[_qp][_pvar], _ddensity[_qp][_pvar], _rel_perm[_qp][_pvar], _drel_perm[_qp][_pvar]*_dseff[_qp][_pvar][_pvar]);
RealVectorValue grad_mob = dmob_dp*_grad_u[_qp];
// NOTE: since Libmesh does not correctly calculate grad(_grad_u) correctly, so following might not be correct
Real div_pot = (_permeability[_qp]*_second_u[_qp]).tr() - (_permeability[_qp]*_grad_u[_qp])*_ddensity[_qp][_pvar]*_gravity[_qp];
supg_kernel = -grad_mob*pot - mob*div_pot;
}
return (flux_part + supg_test*supg_kernel)/_viscosity[_qp][_pvar];
}
void
PorousFlowDarcyBase::quickUpwind(JacRes res_or_jac, unsigned int ph, unsigned int pvar)
{
// The number of nodes in the element
const unsigned int num_nodes = _test.size();
Real mob;
Real dmob;
// Use the raw nodal mobility
for (unsigned int n = 0; n < num_nodes; ++n)
{
// The mobility at the node
mob = mobility(n, ph);
if (res_or_jac == JacRes::CALCULATE_JACOBIAN)
{
// The derivative of the mobility wrt the PorousFlow variable
dmob = dmobility(n, ph, pvar);
for (_j = 0; _j < _phi.size(); _j++)
_jacobian[ph][n][_j] *= mob;
if (_test.size() == _phi.size())
/* mobility at node=n depends only on the variables at node=n, by construction. For
* linear-lagrange variables, this means that Jacobian entries involving the derivative
* of mobility will only be nonzero for derivatives wrt variables at node=n. Hence the
* [n][n] in the line below. However, for other variable types (eg constant monomials)
* I cannot tell what variable number contributes to the derivative. However, in all
* cases I can possibly imagine, the derivative is zero anyway, since in the full
* upwinding scheme, mobility shouldn't depend on these other sorts of variables.
*/
_jacobian[ph][n][n] += dmob * _proto_flux[ph][n];
}
_proto_flux[ph][n] *= mob;
}
}
template <int dim> void update(grid<dim, sparse<phi_type> >& oldGrid, int steps)
{
int rank=0;
#ifdef MPI_VERSION
rank=MPI::COMM_WORLD.Get_rank();
#endif
const phi_type dt = 0.01;
const phi_type width = 14.5;
const phi_type epsilon = 1.0e-8;
const double mu_hi = 1.00;
const double mu_lo = 0.01;
const double mu_x = 0.6422;
const double mu_s = 0.0175;
std::ofstream vfile;
if (rank==0)
vfile.open("v.log",std::ofstream::out | std::ofstream::app);
for (int step = 0; step < steps; step++) {
if (rank==0) print_progress(step, steps);
// newGrid grid must be overwritten each time
ghostswap(oldGrid);
grid<dim, sparse<phi_type> > newGrid(oldGrid);
for (int d=0; d<dim; d++) {
if (x0(oldGrid, d) == g0(oldGrid,d)) {
b0(oldGrid,d) = Dirichlet;
b0(newGrid,d) = Dirichlet;
} else if (x1(oldGrid,d) == g1(oldGrid,d)) {
b1(oldGrid,d) = Dirichlet;
b1(newGrid,d) = Dirichlet;
}
}
for (int i = 0; i < nodes(oldGrid); i++) {
vector<int> x = position(oldGrid, i);
// determine nonzero fields within
// the neighborhood of this node
// (2 adjacent voxels along each cardinal direction)
sparse<int> s;
for (int j = 0; j < dim; j++)
for (int k = -1; k <= 1; k++) {
x[j] += k;
for (int h = 0; h < length(oldGrid(x)); h++) {
int pindex = index(oldGrid(x), h);
set(s, pindex) = 1;
}
x[j] -= k;
}
phi_type S = phi_type(length(s));
// if only one field is nonzero,
// then copy this node to newGrid
if (S < 2.0) newGrid(i) = oldGrid(i);
else {
// compute laplacian of each field
sparse<phi_type> lap = laplacian(oldGrid, i);
// compute variational derivatives
sparse<phi_type> dFdp;
for (int h = 0; h < length(s); h++) {
int hindex = index(s, h);
for (int j = h + 1; j < length(s); j++) {
int jindex = index(s, j);
phi_type gamma = energy(hindex, jindex);
phi_type eps = 4.0 / acos(-1.0) * sqrt(0.5 * gamma * width);
phi_type w = 4.0 * gamma / width;
// Update dFdp_h and dFdp_j, so the inner loop can be over j>h instead of j≠h
set(dFdp, hindex) += 0.5 * eps * eps * lap[jindex] + w * oldGrid(i)[jindex];
set(dFdp, jindex) += 0.5 * eps * eps * lap[hindex] + w * oldGrid(i)[hindex];
}
}
// compute time derivatives
sparse<phi_type> dpdt;
phi_type mu = mobility(mu_lo, mu_hi, mu_x, mu_s, oldGrid(x).getMagPhi());
for (int h = 0; h < length(s); h++) {
int hindex = index(s, h);
for (int j = h + 1; j < length(s); j++) {
int jindex = index(s, j);
set(dpdt, hindex) -= mu * (dFdp[hindex] - dFdp[jindex]);
set(dpdt, jindex) -= mu * (dFdp[jindex] - dFdp[hindex]);
}
}
// compute update values
phi_type sum = 0.0;
for (int h = 0; h < length(s); h++) {
int pindex = index(s, h);
phi_type value = oldGrid(i)[pindex] + dt * (2.0 / S) * dpdt[pindex]; // Extraneous factor of 2?
if (value > 1.0) value = 1.0;
if (value < 0.0) value = 0.0;
if (value > epsilon) set(newGrid(i), pindex) = value;
sum += newGrid(i)[pindex];
}
// project onto Gibbs simplex (enforce Σφ=1)
phi_type rsum = 0.0;
if (fabs(sum) > 0.0) rsum = 1.0 / sum;
for (int h = 0; h < length(newGrid(i)); h++) {
int pindex = index(newGrid(i), h);
set(newGrid(i), pindex) *= rsum;
}
}
} // Loop over nodes(oldGrid)
if ((step+1) % 10 == 0) {
// Scan along just above the mid-line for the grain boundary.
// When found, determine its angle.
vector<int> x(dim, 0);
const int offset = 2;
const phi_type vert_mag = 1.0/std::sqrt(3.0);
const phi_type edge_mag = 1.0/std::sqrt(2.0);
const phi_type bulk_mag = 1.0;
const phi_type edge_contour = edge_mag + 0.125*(bulk_mag - edge_mag);
const phi_type vert_contour = vert_mag + 0.125*(edge_mag - vert_mag);
x[0] = x0(newGrid,0);
x[1] = (g1(newGrid,1) - g0(newGrid,1))/2;
while (x[0]<x1(newGrid) && x[1]>=y0(newGrid) && x[1]<y1(newGrid) && newGrid(x).getMagPhi()>vert_contour)
x[0]++;
if (x[0] == x1(newGrid))
x[0] = g0(newGrid,0);
int v0 = x[0];
#ifdef MPI_VERSION
MPI::COMM_WORLD.Allreduce(&x[0], &v0, 1, MPI_INT, MPI_MAX);
#endif
x[1] += offset;
while (x[0]>= x0(newGrid) && x[0]<x1(newGrid) && x[1]>=y0(newGrid) && x[1]<y1(newGrid) && newGrid(x).getMagPhi()>edge_contour)
x[0]++;
if (x[0] == x1(newGrid))
x[0] = g0(newGrid,0);
int v1 = x[0];
#ifdef MPI_VERSION
MPI::COMM_WORLD.Allreduce(&x[0], &v1, 1, MPI_INT, MPI_MAX);
#endif
x[1] += offset;
while (x[0]>= x0(newGrid) && x[0]<x1(newGrid) && x[1]>=y0(newGrid) && x[1]<y1(newGrid) && newGrid(x).getMagPhi()>edge_contour)
x[0]++;
if (x[0] == x1(newGrid))
x[0] = g0(newGrid,0);
int v2 = x[0];
#ifdef MPI_VERSION
MPI::COMM_WORLD.Allreduce(&x[0], &v2, 1, MPI_INT, MPI_MAX);
#endif
// Second-order right-sided difference to approximate slope
double diffX = 3.0*v0 - 4.0*v1 + 1.0*v2;
double theta = 180.0/M_PI * std::atan2(2.0*offset*dx(newGrid,1), dx(newGrid,0)*diffX);
if (rank==0)
vfile << dx(newGrid,0)*v0 << '\t' << dx(newGrid,0)*v1 << '\t' << dx(newGrid,0)*v2 << '\t' << diffX << '\t' << theta << '\n';
}
swap(oldGrid, newGrid);
} // Loop over steps
ghostswap(oldGrid);
if (rank==0)
vfile.close();
}
template <int dim> void update(grid<dim, sparse<phi_type> >& oldGrid, int steps)
{
#if (!defined MPI_VERSION) && (defined BGQ)
std::cerr<<"Error: Blue Gene requires MPI."<<std::endl;
exit(-1);
#endif
int rank=0;
#ifdef MPI_VERSION
rank = MPI::COMM_WORLD.Get_rank();
#endif
const phi_type dt = 0.01;
const phi_type width = 14.5;
const phi_type epsilon = 1.0e-8;
for (int step = 0; step < steps; step++) {
if (rank==0) print_progress(step, steps);
// newGrid must be overwritten each time
ghostswap(oldGrid);
grid<dim, sparse<phi_type> > newGrid(oldGrid);
for (int i = 0; i < nodes(oldGrid); i++) {
vector<int> x = position(oldGrid, i);
// determine nonzero fields within
// the neighborhood of this node
// (2 adjacent voxels along each cardinal direction)
sparse<int> s;
for (int j = 0; j < dim; j++)
for (int k = -1; k <= 1; k++) {
x[j] += k;
for (int h = 0; h < length(oldGrid(x)); h++) {
int sindex = index(oldGrid(x), h);
set(s, sindex) = 1;
}
x[j] -= k;
}
phi_type S = phi_type(length(s));
// if only one field is nonzero,
// then copy this node to newGrid
if (S < 2.0) newGrid(i) = oldGrid(i);
else {
// compute laplacian of each field
sparse<phi_type> lap = laplacian(oldGrid, i);
// compute variational derivatives
sparse<phi_type> dFdp;
for (int h = 0; h < length(s); h++) {
int hindex = index(s, h);
for (int j = h + 1; j < length(s); j++) {
int jindex = index(s, j);
phi_type gamma = energy(hindex, jindex);
phi_type eps = 4.0 / acos(-1.0) * sqrt(0.5 * gamma * width);
phi_type w = 4.0 * gamma / width;
// Update dFdp_h and dFdp_j, so the inner loop can be over j>h instead of j≠h
set(dFdp, hindex) += 0.5 * eps * eps * lap[jindex] + w * oldGrid(i)[jindex];
set(dFdp, jindex) += 0.5 * eps * eps * lap[hindex] + w * oldGrid(i)[hindex];
}
}
// compute time derivatives
sparse<phi_type> dpdt;
for (int h = 0; h < length(s); h++) {
int hindex = index(s, h);
for (int j = h + 1; j < length(s); j++) {
int jindex = index(s, j);
phi_type mu = mobility(hindex, jindex);
set(dpdt, hindex) -= mu * (dFdp[hindex] - dFdp[jindex]);
set(dpdt, jindex) -= mu * (dFdp[jindex] - dFdp[hindex]);
}
}
// compute new values
phi_type sum = 0.0;
for (int h = 0; h < length(s); h++) {
int sindex = index(s, h);
phi_type value = oldGrid(i)[sindex] + dt * (2.0 / S) * dpdt[sindex]; // Extraneous factor of 2?
if (value > 1.0) value = 1.0;
if (value < 0.0) value = 0.0;
if (value > epsilon) set(newGrid(i), sindex) = value;
sum += newGrid(i)[sindex];
}
// project onto Gibbs simplex (enforce Σφ=1)
phi_type rsum = 0.0;
if (fabs(sum) > 0.0) rsum = 1.0 / sum;
for (int h = 0; h < length(newGrid(i)); h++) {
int sindex = index(newGrid(i), h);
set(newGrid(i), sindex) *= rsum;
}
}
} // Loop over nodes(oldGrid)
swap(oldGrid, newGrid);
} // Loop over steps
ghostswap(oldGrid);
}
template <int dim> void update(MMSP::grid<dim,sparse<double> >& grid, int steps)
{
double dt = 0.01;
double width = 8.0;
for (int step=0; step<steps; step++) {
print_progress(step, steps);
// update grid must be overwritten each time
MMSP::grid<dim,sparse<double> > update(grid);
#ifndef MPI_VERSION
#pragma omp parallel for
#endif
for (int n=0; n<nodes(grid); n++) {
vector<int> x = position(grid,n);
// compute laplacian of each field
sparse<double> lapPhi = laplacian(grid,n);
double S = double(length(lapPhi));
// if only one field is nonzero,
// then copy this node to update
if (S<2.0) update(x) = grid(n);
else {
// compute variational derivatives
sparse<double> dFdp;
for (int h=0; h<length(lapPhi); h++) {
int hindex = MMSP::index(lapPhi,h);
double phii = grid(n)[hindex];
for (int j=h+1; j<length(lapPhi); j++) {
int jindex = MMSP::index(lapPhi,j);
double phij = grid(n)[jindex];
double gamma = energy(hindex,jindex);
double eps = 4.0/acos(-1.0)*sqrt(0.5*gamma*width);
double w = 4.0*gamma/width;
set(dFdp,hindex) += 0.5*eps*eps*lapPhi[jindex]+w*phij;
set(dFdp,jindex) += 0.5*eps*eps*lapPhi[hindex]+w*phii;
for (int k=j+1; k<length(lapPhi); k++) {
int kindex = MMSP::index(lapPhi,k);
double phik = grid(n)[kindex];
set(dFdp,hindex) += 3.0*phij*phik;
set(dFdp,jindex) += 3.0*phii*phik;
set(dFdp,kindex) += 3.0*phii*phij;
}
}
}
// compute time derivatives
sparse<double> dpdt;
for (int h=0; h<length(lapPhi); h++) {
int hindex = MMSP::index(lapPhi,h);
for (int j=h+1; j<length(lapPhi); j++) {
int jindex = MMSP::index(lapPhi,j);
double mu = mobility(hindex,jindex);
set(dpdt,hindex) -= mu*(dFdp[hindex]-dFdp[jindex]);
set(dpdt,jindex) -= mu*(dFdp[jindex]-dFdp[hindex]);
}
}
// compute update values
double sum = 0.0;
for (int h=0; h<length(dpdt); h++) {
int index = MMSP::index(dpdt,h);
double value = grid(n)[index]+dt*(2.0/S)*dpdt[index];
if (value>1.0) value = 1.0;
if (value<0.0) value = 0.0;
if (value>machine_epsilon) set(update(x),index) = value;
sum += update(x)[index];
}
// project onto Gibbs simplex
double rsum = (fabs(sum)>machine_epsilon)?1.0/sum:0.0;
for (int h=0; h<length(update(x)); h++) {
int index = MMSP::index(update(x),h);
set(update(x),index) *= rsum;
}
}
}
swap(grid,update);
ghostswap(grid);
}
MMSP::sparse<double> mass;
for (int n=0; n<nodes(grid); n++)
for (int l=0; l<length(grid(n)); l++) {
int index = grid(n).index(l);
set(mass,index) += grid(n)[index];
}
for (int l=0; l<length(mass); l++)
std::cout<<mass.value(l)<<'\t';
std::cout<<std::endl;
}
void
PorousFlowDarcyBase::upwind(JacRes res_or_jac, unsigned int jvar)
{
if ((res_or_jac == JacRes::CALCULATE_JACOBIAN) &&
_porousflow_dictator.notPorousFlowVariable(jvar))
return;
/// The PorousFlow variable index corresponding to the variable number jvar
const unsigned int pvar =
((res_or_jac == JacRes::CALCULATE_JACOBIAN) ? _porousflow_dictator.porousFlowVariableNum(jvar)
: 0);
/// The number of nodes in the element
const unsigned int num_nodes = _test.size();
/// Compute the residual and jacobian without the mobility terms. Even if we are computing the Jacobian
/// we still need this in order to see which nodes are upwind and which are downwind.
std::vector<std::vector<Real>> component_re(num_nodes);
for (_i = 0; _i < num_nodes; ++_i)
{
component_re[_i].assign(_num_phases, 0.0);
for (_qp = 0; _qp < _qrule->n_points(); _qp++)
for (unsigned ph = 0; ph < _num_phases; ++ph)
component_re[_i][ph] += _JxW[_qp] * _coord[_qp] * darcyQp(ph);
}
DenseMatrix<Number> & ke = _assembly.jacobianBlock(_var.number(), jvar);
if ((ke.n() == 0) &&
(res_or_jac == JacRes::CALCULATE_JACOBIAN)) // this removes a problem encountered in
// the initial timestep when
// use_displaced_mesh=true
return;
std::vector<std::vector<std::vector<Real>>> component_ke;
if (res_or_jac == JacRes::CALCULATE_JACOBIAN)
{
component_ke.resize(ke.m());
for (_i = 0; _i < _test.size(); _i++)
{
component_ke[_i].resize(ke.n());
for (_j = 0; _j < _phi.size(); _j++)
{
component_ke[_i][_j].resize(_num_phases);
for (_qp = 0; _qp < _qrule->n_points(); _qp++)
for (unsigned ph = 0; ph < _num_phases; ++ph)
component_ke[_i][_j][ph] += _JxW[_qp] * _coord[_qp] * darcyQpJacobian(jvar, ph);
}
}
}
/**
* Now perform the upwinding by multiplying the residuals at the upstream nodes by their
*mobilities.
* Mobility is different for each phase, and in each situation:
* mobility = density / viscosity for single-component Darcy flow
* mobility = mass_fraction * density * relative_perm / viscosity for multi-component,
*multiphase flow
* mobility = enthalpy * density * relative_perm / viscosity for heat convection
*
* The residual for the kernel is the sum over Darcy fluxes for each phase.
* The Darcy flux for a particular phase is
* R_i = int{mobility*flux_no_mob} = int{mobility*grad(pot)*permeability*grad(test_i)}
* for node i. where int is the integral over the element.
* However, in fully-upwind, the first step is to take the mobility outside the integral,
* which was done in the _component_re calculation above.
*
* NOTE: Physically _component_re[i][ph] is a measure of fluid of phase ph flowing out of node i.
* If we had left in mobility, it would be exactly the component mass flux flowing out of node i.
*
* This leads to the definition of upwinding:
*
* If _component_re(i)[ph] is positive then we use mobility_i. That is we use the upwind value of
*mobility.
*
* The final subtle thing is we must also conserve fluid mass: the total component mass flowing
*out of node i
* must be the sum of the masses flowing into the other nodes.
**/
// Following are used below in steady-state calculations
Real knorm = 0.0;
for (unsigned int qp = 0; qp < _qrule->n_points(); ++qp)
knorm += _permeability[qp].tr();
const Real lsq = _grad_test[0][0] * _grad_test[0][0];
const unsigned int dim = _mesh.dimension();
const Real l2md = std::pow(lsq, 0.5 * (2.0 - dim));
const Real l1md = std::pow(lsq, 0.5 * (1.0 - dim));
/// Loop over all the phases
for (unsigned int ph = 0; ph < _num_phases; ++ph)
{
// FIRST:
// this is a dirty way of getting around precision loss problems
// and problems at steadystate where upwinding oscillates from
// node-to-node causing nonconvergence.
// The residual = int_{ele}*grad_test*k*(gradP - rho*g) = L^(d-1)*k*(gradP - rho*g), where d is
// dimension
// I assume that if one nodal P changes by P*1E-8 then this is
// a "negligible" change. The residual will change by L^(d-2)*k*P*1E-8
// Similarly if rho*g changes by rho*g*1E-8 then this is a "negligible change"
// Hence the formulae below, with grad_test = 1/L
Real pnorm = 0.0;
Real gravnorm = 0.0;
for (unsigned int n = 0; n < num_nodes; ++n)
{
pnorm += _pp[n][ph] * _pp[n][ph];
gravnorm += _fluid_density_node[n][ph] * _fluid_density_node[n][ph];
}
gravnorm *= _gravity * _gravity;
const Real cutoff = 1.0E-8 * knorm * (std::sqrt(pnorm) * l2md + std::sqrt(gravnorm) * l1md);
bool reached_steady = true;
for (unsigned int nodenum = 0; nodenum < num_nodes; ++nodenum)
{
if (component_re[nodenum][ph] >= cutoff)
{
reached_steady = false;
break;
}
}
Real mob;
Real dmob;
/// Define variables used to ensure mass conservation
Real total_mass_out = 0.0;
Real total_in = 0.0;
/// The following holds derivatives of these
std::vector<Real> dtotal_mass_out;
std::vector<Real> dtotal_in;
if (res_or_jac == JacRes::CALCULATE_JACOBIAN)
{
dtotal_mass_out.resize(num_nodes);
dtotal_in.resize(num_nodes);
for (unsigned int n = 0; n < num_nodes; ++n)
{
dtotal_mass_out[n] = 0.0;
dtotal_in[n] = 0.0;
}
}
/// Perform the upwinding using the mobility
std::vector<bool> upwind_node(num_nodes);
for (unsigned int n = 0; n < num_nodes; ++n)
{
if (component_re[n][ph] >= cutoff || reached_steady) // upstream node
{
upwind_node[n] = true;
/// The mobility at the upstream node
mob = mobility(n, ph);
if (res_or_jac == JacRes::CALCULATE_JACOBIAN)
{
/// The derivative of the mobility wrt the PorousFlow variable
dmob = dmobility(n, ph, pvar);
for (_j = 0; _j < _phi.size(); _j++)
component_ke[n][_j][ph] *= mob;
if (_test.size() == _phi.size())
/* mobility at node=n depends only on the variables at node=n, by construction. For
* linear-lagrange variables, this means that Jacobian entries involving the derivative
* of mobility will only be nonzero for derivatives wrt variables at node=n. Hence the
* [n][n] in the line below. However, for other variable types (eg constant monomials)
* I cannot tell what variable number contributes to the derivative. However, in all
* cases I can possibly imagine, the derivative is zero anyway, since in the full
* upwinding scheme, mobility shouldn't depend on these other sorts of variables.
*/
component_ke[n][n][ph] += dmob * component_re[n][ph];
for (_j = 0; _j < _phi.size(); _j++)
dtotal_mass_out[_j] += component_ke[n][_j][ph];
}
component_re[n][ph] *= mob;
total_mass_out += component_re[n][ph];
}
else
{
upwind_node[n] = false;
total_in -= component_re[n][ph]; /// note the -= means the result is positive
if (res_or_jac == JacRes::CALCULATE_JACOBIAN)
for (_j = 0; _j < _phi.size(); _j++)
dtotal_in[_j] -= component_ke[n][_j][ph];
}
}
/// Conserve mass over all phases by proportioning the total_mass_out mass to the inflow nodes, weighted by their component_re values
if (!reached_steady)
{
for (unsigned int n = 0; n < num_nodes; ++n)
{
if (!upwind_node[n]) // downstream node
{
if (res_or_jac == JacRes::CALCULATE_JACOBIAN)
for (_j = 0; _j < _phi.size(); _j++)
{
component_ke[n][_j][ph] *= total_mass_out / total_in;
component_ke[n][_j][ph] +=
component_re[n][ph] * (dtotal_mass_out[_j] / total_in -
dtotal_in[_j] * total_mass_out / total_in / total_in);
}
component_re[n][ph] *= total_mass_out / total_in;
}
}
}
}
/// Add results to the Residual or Jacobian
if (res_or_jac == JacRes::CALCULATE_RESIDUAL)
{
DenseVector<Number> & re = _assembly.residualBlock(_var.number());
_local_re.resize(re.size());
_local_re.zero();
for (_i = 0; _i < _test.size(); _i++)
for (unsigned int ph = 0; ph < _num_phases; ++ph)
_local_re(_i) += component_re[_i][ph];
re += _local_re;
if (_has_save_in)
{
Threads::spin_mutex::scoped_lock lock(Threads::spin_mtx);
for (unsigned int i = 0; i < _save_in.size(); i++)
_save_in[i]->sys().solution().add_vector(_local_re, _save_in[i]->dofIndices());
}
}
if (res_or_jac == JacRes::CALCULATE_JACOBIAN)
{
_local_ke.resize(ke.m(), ke.n());
_local_ke.zero();
for (_i = 0; _i < _test.size(); _i++)
for (_j = 0; _j < _phi.size(); _j++)
for (unsigned int ph = 0; ph < _num_phases; ++ph)
_local_ke(_i, _j) += component_ke[_i][_j][ph];
ke += _local_ke;
if (_has_diag_save_in && jvar == _var.number())
{
unsigned int rows = ke.m();
DenseVector<Number> diag(rows);
for (unsigned int i = 0; i < rows; i++)
diag(i) = _local_ke(i, i);
Threads::spin_mutex::scoped_lock lock(Threads::spin_mtx);
for (unsigned int i = 0; i < _diag_save_in.size(); i++)
_diag_save_in[i]->sys().solution().add_vector(diag, _diag_save_in[i]->dofIndices());
}
}
}
template <int dim> void update(MMSP::grid<dim,vector<double> >& grid, int steps)
{
MMSP::grid<dim,vector<double> > update(grid);
double dt = 0.01;
double width = 8.0;
for (int step=0; step<steps; step++) {
for (int i=0; i<nodes(grid); i++) {
vector<int> x = position(grid,i);
// determine nonzero fields within
// the neighborhood of this node
double S = 0.0;
vector<int> s(fields(grid),0);
for (int h=0; h<fields(grid); h++) {
for (int j=0; j<dim; j++)
for (int k=-1; k<=1; k++) {
x[j] += k;
if (grid(x)[h]>0.0) {
s[h] = 1;
x[j] -= k;
goto next;
}
x[j] -= k;
}
next: S += s[h];
}
// if only one field is nonzero,
// then copy this node to update
if (S<2.0) update(i) = grid(i);
else {
// compute laplacian of each field
vector<double> lap = laplacian(grid,i);
// compute variational derivatives
vector<double> dFdp(fields(grid),0.0);
for (int h=0; h<fields(grid); h++)
if (s[h]>0.0)
for (int j=h+1; j<fields(grid); j++)
if (s[j]>0.0) {
double gamma = energy(h,j);
double eps = 4.0/acos(-1.0)*sqrt(0.5*gamma*width);
double w = 4.0*gamma/width;
dFdp[h] += 0.5*eps*eps*lap[j]+w*grid(i)[j];
dFdp[j] += 0.5*eps*eps*lap[h]+w*grid(i)[h];
for (int k=j+1; k<fields(grid); k++)
if (s[k]>0.0) {
dFdp[h] += 3.0*grid(i)[j]*grid(i)[k];
dFdp[j] += 3.0*grid(i)[k]*grid(i)[h];
dFdp[k] += 3.0*grid(i)[h]*grid(i)[j];
}
}
// compute time derivatives
vector<double> dpdt(fields(grid),0.0);
for (int h=0; h<fields(grid); h++)
if (s[h]>0.0)
for (int j=h+1; j<fields(grid); j++)
if (s[j]>0.0) {
double mu = mobility(h,j);
dpdt[h] -= mu*(dFdp[h]-dFdp[j]);
dpdt[j] -= mu*(dFdp[j]-dFdp[h]);
}
// compute update values
double sum = 0.0;
for (int h=0; h<fields(grid); h++) {
double value = grid(i)[h]+dt*(2.0/S)*dpdt[h];
if (value>1.0) value = 1.0;
if (value<0.0) value = 0.0;
update(i)[h] = value;
sum += value;
}
// project onto Gibbs simplex
double rsum = 0.0;
if (fabs(sum)>0.0) rsum = 1.0/sum;
for (int h=0; h<fields(grid); h++)
update(i)[h] *= rsum;
}
}
swap(grid,update);
ghostswap(grid);
}
}
// Static evaluation. Returns score
score_t eval(position_t *p, bool verbose) {
// seed rand_r with a value of 1, as per
// http://linux.die.net/man/3/rand_r
static __thread unsigned int seed = 1;
// verbose = true: print out components of score
ev_score_t score[2] = { 0, 0 };
// int corner[2][2] = { {INF, INF}, {INF, INF} };
ev_score_t bonus;
//char buf[MAX_CHARS_IN_MOVE];
color_t c;
for (fil_t f = 0; f < BOARD_WIDTH; f++) {
for (rnk_t r = 0; r < BOARD_WIDTH; r++) {
square_t sq = square_of(f, r);
piece_t x = p->board[sq];
//if (verbose) {
// square_to_str(sq, buf, MAX_CHARS_IN_MOVE);
//}
switch (ptype_of(x)) {
case EMPTY:
break;
case PAWN:
c = color_of(x);
// MATERIAL heuristic: Bonus for each Pawn
bonus = PAWN_EV_VALUE;
// if (verbose) {
// printf("MATERIAL bonus %d for %s Pawn on %s\n", bonus, color_to_str(c), buf);
// }
score[c] += bonus;
// PBETWEEN heuristic
bonus = pbetween(p, f, r);
// if (verbose) {
// printf("PBETWEEN bonus %d for %s Pawn on %s\n", bonus, color_to_str(c), buf);
// }
score[c] += bonus;
// PCENTRAL heuristic
bonus = pcentral(f, r);
// if (verbose) {
// printf("PCENTRAL bonus %d for %s Pawn on %s\n", bonus, color_to_str(c), buf);
// }
score[c] += bonus;
break;
case KING:
c = color_of(x);
// KFACE heuristic
bonus = kface(p, f, r);
// if (verbose) {
// printf("KFACE bonus %d for %s King on %s\n", bonus,
// color_to_str(c), buf);
// }
score[c] += bonus;
// KAGGRESSIVE heuristic
color_t othercolor = opp_color(c);
square_t otherking = p->kloc[othercolor];
fil_t otherf = fil_of(otherking);
rnk_t otherr = rnk_of(otherking);
bonus = kaggressive(f, r, otherf, otherr);
assert(bonus == kaggressive_old(p, f, r));
// if (verbose) {
// printf("KAGGRESSIVE bonus %d for %s King on %s\n", bonus, color_to_str(c), buf);
// }
score[c] += bonus;
break;
case INVALID:
break;
default:
tbassert(false, "Jose says: no way!\n"); // No way, Jose!
}
laser_map_black[sq] = 0;
laser_map_white[sq] = 0;
}
}
int black_pawns_unpinned = mark_laser_path(p, laser_map_white, WHITE, 1); // 1 = path of laser with no moves
ev_score_t w_hattackable = HATTACK * (int) h_attackable;
score[WHITE] += w_hattackable;
// if (verbose) {
// printf("HATTACK bonus %d for White\n", w_hattackable);
// }
// PAWNPIN Heuristic --- is a pawn immobilized by the enemy laser.
int b_pawnpin = PAWNPIN * black_pawns_unpinned;
score[BLACK] += b_pawnpin;
int b_mobility = MOBILITY * mobility(p, BLACK);
score[BLACK] += b_mobility;
// if (verbose) {
// printf("MOBILITY bonus %d for Black\n", b_mobility);
// }
int white_pawns_unpinned = mark_laser_path(p, laser_map_black, BLACK, 1); // 1 = path of laser with no moves
ev_score_t b_hattackable = HATTACK * (int) h_attackable;
score[BLACK] += b_hattackable;
// if (verbose) {
// printf("HATTACK bonus %d for Black\n", b_hattackable);
// }
int w_mobility = MOBILITY * mobility(p, WHITE);
score[WHITE] += w_mobility;
// if (verbose) {
// printf("MOBILITY bonus %d for White\n", w_mobility);
// }
int w_pawnpin = PAWNPIN * white_pawns_unpinned;
score[WHITE] += w_pawnpin;
// score from WHITE point of view
ev_score_t tot = score[WHITE] - score[BLACK];
if (RANDOMIZE) {
ev_score_t z = rand_r(&seed) % (RANDOMIZE*2+1);
tot = tot + z - RANDOMIZE;
}
if (color_to_move_of(p) == BLACK) {
tot = -tot;
}
return tot / EV_SCORE_RATIO;
}
void
PorousFlowDarcyBase::fullyUpwind(JacRes res_or_jac, unsigned int ph, unsigned int pvar)
{
/**
* Perform the full upwinding by multiplying the residuals at the upstream nodes by their
* mobilities.
* Mobility is different for each phase, and in each situation:
* mobility = density / viscosity for single-component Darcy flow
* mobility = mass_fraction * density * relative_perm / viscosity for multi-component,
*multiphase flow
* mobility = enthalpy * density * relative_perm / viscosity for heat convection
*
* The residual for the kernel is the sum over Darcy fluxes for each phase.
* The Darcy flux for a particular phase is
* R_i = int{mobility*flux_no_mob} = int{mobility*grad(pot)*permeability*grad(test_i)}
* for node i. where int is the integral over the element.
* However, in fully-upwind, the first step is to take the mobility outside the integral,
* which was done in the _proto_flux calculation above.
*
* NOTE: Physically _proto_flux[i][ph] is a measure of fluid of phase ph flowing out of node i.
* If we had left in mobility, it would be exactly the component mass flux flowing out of node
*i.
*
* This leads to the definition of upwinding:
*
* If _proto_flux(i)[ph] is positive then we use mobility_i. That is we use the upwind value of
* mobility.
*
* The final subtle thing is we must also conserve fluid mass: the total component mass flowing
* out of node i must be the sum of the masses flowing into the other nodes.
**/
// The number of nodes in the element
const unsigned int num_nodes = _test.size();
Real mob;
Real dmob;
// Define variables used to ensure mass conservation
Real total_mass_out = 0.0;
Real total_in = 0.0;
// The following holds derivatives of these
std::vector<Real> dtotal_mass_out;
std::vector<Real> dtotal_in;
if (res_or_jac == JacRes::CALCULATE_JACOBIAN)
{
dtotal_mass_out.assign(num_nodes, 0.0);
dtotal_in.assign(num_nodes, 0.0);
}
// Perform the upwinding using the mobility
std::vector<bool> upwind_node(num_nodes);
for (unsigned int n = 0; n < num_nodes; ++n)
{
if (_proto_flux[ph][n] >= 0.0) // upstream node
{
upwind_node[n] = true;
// The mobility at the upstream node
mob = mobility(n, ph);
if (res_or_jac == JacRes::CALCULATE_JACOBIAN)
{
// The derivative of the mobility wrt the PorousFlow variable
dmob = dmobility(n, ph, pvar);
for (_j = 0; _j < _phi.size(); _j++)
_jacobian[ph][n][_j] *= mob;
if (_test.size() == _phi.size())
/* mobility at node=n depends only on the variables at node=n, by construction. For
* linear-lagrange variables, this means that Jacobian entries involving the derivative
* of mobility will only be nonzero for derivatives wrt variables at node=n. Hence the
* [n][n] in the line below. However, for other variable types (eg constant monomials)
* I cannot tell what variable number contributes to the derivative. However, in all
* cases I can possibly imagine, the derivative is zero anyway, since in the full
* upwinding scheme, mobility shouldn't depend on these other sorts of variables.
*/
_jacobian[ph][n][n] += dmob * _proto_flux[ph][n];
for (_j = 0; _j < _phi.size(); _j++)
dtotal_mass_out[_j] += _jacobian[ph][n][_j];
}
_proto_flux[ph][n] *= mob;
total_mass_out += _proto_flux[ph][n];
}
else
{
upwind_node[n] = false;
total_in -= _proto_flux[ph][n]; /// note the -= means the result is positive
if (res_or_jac == JacRes::CALCULATE_JACOBIAN)
for (_j = 0; _j < _phi.size(); _j++)
dtotal_in[_j] -= _jacobian[ph][n][_j];
}
}
// Conserve mass over all phases by proportioning the total_mass_out mass to the inflow nodes,
// weighted by their proto_flux values
for (unsigned int n = 0; n < num_nodes; ++n)
{
if (!upwind_node[n]) // downstream node
{
if (res_or_jac == JacRes::CALCULATE_JACOBIAN)
for (_j = 0; _j < _phi.size(); _j++)
{
_jacobian[ph][n][_j] *= total_mass_out / total_in;
_jacobian[ph][n][_j] +=
_proto_flux[ph][n] * (dtotal_mass_out[_j] / total_in -
dtotal_in[_j] * total_mass_out / total_in / total_in);
}
_proto_flux[ph][n] *= total_mass_out / total_in;
}
}
}
