Example #1
0
/* $Procedure ZZSPKZP0 ( S/P Kernel, easy position ) */
/* Subroutine */ int zzspkzp0_(integer *targ, doublereal *et, char *ref, char 
	*abcorr, integer *obs, doublereal *ptarg, doublereal *lt, ftnlen 
	ref_len, ftnlen abcorr_len)
{
    /* Initialized data */

    static logical first = TRUE_;

    /* System generated locals */
    doublereal d__1;

    /* Local variables */
    static integer fj2000;
    extern /* Subroutine */ int zzrefch0_(integer *, integer *, doublereal *, 
	    doublereal *), zzspkpa0_(integer *, doublereal *, char *, 
	    doublereal *, char *, doublereal *, doublereal *, ftnlen, ftnlen);
    static doublereal temp[3], sobs[6];
    extern /* Subroutine */ int zzspkgp0_(integer *, doublereal *, char *, 
	    integer *, doublereal *, doublereal *, ftnlen), zzspksb0_(integer 
	    *, doublereal *, char *, doublereal *, ftnlen);
    static integer type__;
    static logical xmit;
    static integer i__;
    extern /* Subroutine */ int chkin_(char *, ftnlen);
    extern logical eqchr_(char *, char *, ftnlen, ftnlen);
    extern /* Subroutine */ int errch_(char *, char *, ftnlen, ftnlen);
    static logical found;
    extern integer ltrim_(char *, ftnlen);
    static doublereal xform[9]	/* was [3][3] */;
    extern logical eqstr_(char *, char *, ftnlen, ftnlen);
    static doublereal postn[3];
    extern logical failed_(void);
    static integer center;
    extern /* Subroutine */ int namfrm_(char *, integer *, ftnlen), frinfo_(
	    integer *, integer *, integer *, integer *, logical *);
    static doublereal ltcent;
    extern /* Subroutine */ int sigerr_(char *, ftnlen);
    static integer reqfrm, typeid;
    extern /* Subroutine */ int chkout_(char *, ftnlen), setmsg_(char *, 
	    ftnlen);
    extern logical return_(void);
    extern /* Subroutine */ int mxv_(doublereal *, doublereal *, doublereal *)
	    ;

/* $ Abstract */

/*     SPICE Private routine intended solely for the support of SPICE */
/*     routines.  Users should not call this routine directly due */
/*     to the volatile nature of this routine. */

/*     Return the position of a target body relative to an observing */
/*     body, optionally corrected for light time (planetary aberration) */
/*     and stellar aberration. */

/* $ Disclaimer */

/*     THIS SOFTWARE AND ANY RELATED MATERIALS WERE CREATED BY THE */
/*     CALIFORNIA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY (CALTECH) UNDER A U.S. */
/*     GOVERNMENT CONTRACT WITH THE NATIONAL AERONAUTICS AND SPACE */
/*     ADMINISTRATION (NASA). THE SOFTWARE IS TECHNOLOGY AND SOFTWARE */
/*     PUBLICLY AVAILABLE UNDER U.S. EXPORT LAWS AND IS PROVIDED "AS-IS" */
/*     TO THE RECIPIENT WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, INCLUDING ANY */
/*     WARRANTIES OF PERFORMANCE OR MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS FOR A */
/*     PARTICULAR USE OR PURPOSE (AS SET FORTH IN UNITED STATES UCC */
/*     SECTIONS 2312-2313) OR FOR ANY PURPOSE WHATSOEVER, FOR THE */
/*     SOFTWARE AND RELATED MATERIALS, HOWEVER USED. */

/*     IN NO EVENT SHALL CALTECH, ITS JET PROPULSION LABORATORY, OR NASA */
/*     BE LIABLE FOR ANY DAMAGES AND/OR COSTS, INCLUDING, BUT NOT */
/*     LIMITED TO, INCIDENTAL OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES OF ANY KIND, */
/*     INCLUDING ECONOMIC DAMAGE OR INJURY TO PROPERTY AND LOST PROFITS, */
/*     REGARDLESS OF WHETHER CALTECH, JPL, OR NASA BE ADVISED, HAVE */
/*     REASON TO KNOW, OR, IN FACT, SHALL KNOW OF THE POSSIBILITY. */

/*     RECIPIENT BEARS ALL RISK RELATING TO QUALITY AND PERFORMANCE OF */
/*     THE SOFTWARE AND ANY RELATED MATERIALS, AND AGREES TO INDEMNIFY */
/*     CALTECH AND NASA FOR ALL THIRD-PARTY CLAIMS RESULTING FROM THE */
/*     ACTIONS OF RECIPIENT IN THE USE OF THE SOFTWARE. */

/* $ Required_Reading */

/*     SPK */
/*     NAIF_IDS */
/*     FRAMES */
/*     TIME */

/* $ Keywords */

/*     EPHEMERIS */

/* $ Declarations */
/* $ Abstract */

/*     The parameters below form an enumerated list of the recognized */
/*     frame types.  They are: INERTL, PCK, CK, TK, DYN.  The meanings */
/*     are outlined below. */

/* $ Disclaimer */

/*     THIS SOFTWARE AND ANY RELATED MATERIALS WERE CREATED BY THE */
/*     CALIFORNIA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY (CALTECH) UNDER A U.S. */
/*     GOVERNMENT CONTRACT WITH THE NATIONAL AERONAUTICS AND SPACE */
/*     ADMINISTRATION (NASA). THE SOFTWARE IS TECHNOLOGY AND SOFTWARE */
/*     PUBLICLY AVAILABLE UNDER U.S. EXPORT LAWS AND IS PROVIDED "AS-IS" */
/*     TO THE RECIPIENT WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, INCLUDING ANY */
/*     WARRANTIES OF PERFORMANCE OR MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS FOR A */
/*     PARTICULAR USE OR PURPOSE (AS SET FORTH IN UNITED STATES UCC */
/*     SECTIONS 2312-2313) OR FOR ANY PURPOSE WHATSOEVER, FOR THE */
/*     SOFTWARE AND RELATED MATERIALS, HOWEVER USED. */

/*     IN NO EVENT SHALL CALTECH, ITS JET PROPULSION LABORATORY, OR NASA */
/*     BE LIABLE FOR ANY DAMAGES AND/OR COSTS, INCLUDING, BUT NOT */
/*     LIMITED TO, INCIDENTAL OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES OF ANY KIND, */
/*     INCLUDING ECONOMIC DAMAGE OR INJURY TO PROPERTY AND LOST PROFITS, */
/*     REGARDLESS OF WHETHER CALTECH, JPL, OR NASA BE ADVISED, HAVE */
/*     REASON TO KNOW, OR, IN FACT, SHALL KNOW OF THE POSSIBILITY. */

/*     RECIPIENT BEARS ALL RISK RELATING TO QUALITY AND PERFORMANCE OF */
/*     THE SOFTWARE AND ANY RELATED MATERIALS, AND AGREES TO INDEMNIFY */
/*     CALTECH AND NASA FOR ALL THIRD-PARTY CLAIMS RESULTING FROM THE */
/*     ACTIONS OF RECIPIENT IN THE USE OF THE SOFTWARE. */

/* $ Parameters */

/*     INERTL      an inertial frame that is listed in the routine */
/*                 CHGIRF and that requires no external file to */
/*                 compute the transformation from or to any other */
/*                 inertial frame. */

/*     PCK         is a frame that is specified relative to some */
/*                 INERTL frame and that has an IAU model that */
/*                 may be retrieved from the PCK system via a call */
/*                 to the routine TISBOD. */

/*     CK          is a frame defined by a C-kernel. */

/*     TK          is a "text kernel" frame.  These frames are offset */
/*                 from their associated "relative" frames by a */
/*                 constant rotation. */

/*     DYN         is a "dynamic" frame.  These currently are */
/*                 parameterized, built-in frames where the full frame */
/*                 definition depends on parameters supplied via a */
/*                 frame kernel. */

/* $ Author_and_Institution */

/*     N.J. Bachman    (JPL) */
/*     W.L. Taber      (JPL) */

/* $ Literature_References */

/*     None. */

/* $ Version */

/* -    SPICELIB Version 3.0.0, 28-MAY-2004 (NJB) */

/*       The parameter DYN was added to support the dynamic frame class. */

/* -    SPICELIB Version 2.0.0, 12-DEC-1996 (WLT) */

/*        Various unused frames types were removed and the */
/*        frame time TK was added. */

/* -    SPICELIB Version 1.0.0, 10-DEC-1995 (WLT) */

/* -& */
/* $ Brief_I/O */

/*     Variable  I/O  Description */
/*     --------  ---  -------------------------------------------------- */
/*     TARG       I   Target body NAIF ID code. */
/*     ET         I   Observer epoch. */
/*     REF        I   Reference frame of output position vector. */
/*     ABCORR     I   Aberration correction flag. */
/*     OBS        I   Observing body NAIF ID code. */
/*     PTARG      O   Position of target. */
/*     LT         O   One way light time between observer and target. */

/* $ Detailed_Input */

/*     TARG        is the NAIF ID code for a target body.  The target */
/*                 and observer define a position vector which points */
/*                 from the observer to the target. */

/*     ET          is the ephemeris time, expressed as seconds past */
/*                 J2000 TDB, at which the position of the target body */
/*                 relative to the observer is to be computed.  ET */
/*                 refers to time at the observer's location. */

/*     REF         is the name of the reference frame relative to which */
/*                 the output position vector should be expressed. This */
/*                 may be any frame supported by the SPICE system, */
/*                 including built-in frames (documented in the Frames */
/*                 Required Reading) and frames defined by a loaded */
/*                 frame kernel (FK). */

/*                 When REF designates a non-inertial frame, the */
/*                 orientation of the frame is evaluated at an epoch */
/*                 dependent on the selected aberration correction. See */
/*                 the description of the output position vector PTARG */
/*                 for details. */

/*     ABCORR      indicates the aberration corrections to be applied to */
/*                 the position of the target body to account for */
/*                 one-way light time and stellar aberration.  See the */
/*                 discussion in the Particulars section for */
/*                 recommendations on how to choose aberration */
/*                 corrections. */

/*                 ABCORR may be any of the following: */

/*                    'NONE'     Apply no correction. Return the */
/*                               geometric position of the target body */
/*                               relative to the observer. */

/*                 The following values of ABCORR apply to the */
/*                 "reception" case in which photons depart from the */
/*                 target's location at the light-time corrected epoch */
/*                 ET-LT and *arrive* at the observer's location at ET: */

/*                    'LT'       Correct for one-way light time (also */
/*                               called "planetary aberration") using a */
/*                               Newtonian formulation. This correction */
/*                               yields the position of the target at */
/*                               the moment it emitted photons arriving */
/*                               at the observer at ET. */

/*                               The light time correction uses an */
/*                               iterative solution of the light time */
/*                               equation (see Particulars for details). */
/*                               The solution invoked by the 'LT' option */
/*                               uses one iteration. */

/*                    'LT+S'     Correct for one-way light time and */
/*                               stellar aberration using a Newtonian */
/*                               formulation. This option modifies the */
/*                               position obtained with the 'LT' option */
/*                               to account for the observer's velocity */
/*                               relative to the solar system */
/*                               barycenter. The result is the apparent */
/*                               position of the target---the position */
/*                               as seen by the observer. */

/*                    'CN'       Converged Newtonian light time */
/*                               correction.  In solving the light time */
/*                               equation, the 'CN' correction iterates */
/*                               until the solution converges (three */
/*                               iterations on all supported platforms). */

/*                               The 'CN' correction typically does not */
/*                               substantially improve accuracy because */
/*                               the errors made by ignoring */
/*                               relativistic effects may be larger than */
/*                               the improvement afforded by obtaining */
/*                               convergence of the light time solution. */
/*                               The 'CN' correction computation also */
/*                               requires a significantly greater number */
/*                               of CPU cycles than does the */
/*                               one-iteration light time correction. */

/*                    'CN+S'     Converged Newtonian light time */
/*                               and stellar aberration corrections. */


/*                 The following values of ABCORR apply to the */
/*                 "transmission" case in which photons *depart* from */
/*                 the observer's location at ET and arrive at the */
/*                 target's location at the light-time corrected epoch */
/*                 ET+LT: */

/*                    'XLT'      "Transmission" case:  correct for */
/*                               one-way light time using a Newtonian */
/*                               formulation. This correction yields the */
/*                               position of the target at the moment it */
/*                               receives photons emitted from the */
/*                               observer's location at ET. */

/*                    'XLT+S'    "Transmission" case:  correct for */
/*                               one-way light time and stellar */
/*                               aberration using a Newtonian */
/*                               formulation  This option modifies the */
/*                               position obtained with the 'XLT' option */
/*                               to account for the observer's velocity */
/*                               relative to the solar system */
/*                               barycenter. The position component of */
/*                               the computed target position indicates */
/*                               the direction that photons emitted from */
/*                               the observer's location must be "aimed" */
/*                               to hit the target. */

/*                    'XCN'      "Transmission" case:  converged */
/*                               Newtonian light time correction. */

/*                    'XCN+S'    "Transmission" case:  converged */
/*                               Newtonian light time and stellar */
/*                               aberration corrections. */


/*                 Neither special nor general relativistic effects are */
/*                 accounted for in the aberration corrections applied */
/*                 by this routine. */

/*                 Case and blanks are not significant in the string */
/*                 ABCORR. */

/*     OBS         is the NAIF ID code for the observing body. */

/* $ Detailed_Output */

/*     PTARG       is a Cartesian 3-vector representing the position of */
/*                 the target body relative to the specified observer. */
/*                 PTARG is corrected for the specified aberrations, and */
/*                 is expressed with respect to the reference frame */
/*                 specified by REF.  The three components of PTARG */
/*                 represent the x-, y- and z-components of the target's */
/*                 position. */

/*                 PTARG points from the observer's location at ET to */
/*                 the aberration-corrected location of the target. */
/*                 Note that the sense of this position vector is */
/*                 independent of the direction of radiation travel */
/*                 implied by the aberration correction. */

/*                 Units are always km. */

/*                 Non-inertial frames are treated as follows: letting */
/*                 LTCENT be the one-way light time between the observer */
/*                 and the central body associated with the frame, the */
/*                 orientation of the frame is evaluated at ET-LTCENT, */
/*                 ET+LTCENT, or ET depending on whether the requested */
/*                 aberration correction is, respectively, for received */
/*                 radiation, transmitted radiation, or is omitted. */
/*                 LTCENT is computed using the method indicated by */
/*                 ABCORR. */

/*     LT          is the one-way light time between the observer and */
/*                 target in seconds.  If the target position is */
/*                 corrected for aberrations, then LT is the one-way */
/*                 light time between the observer and the light time */
/*                 corrected target location. */

/* $ Parameters */

/*     None. */

/* $ Exceptions */

/*     1) If name of target or observer cannot be translated to its */
/*        NAIF ID code, the error SPICE(IDCODENOTFOUND) is signaled. */

/*     2) If the reference frame REF is not a recognized reference */
/*        frame the error 'SPICE(UNKNOWNFRAME)' is signaled. */

/*     3) If the loaded kernels provide insufficient data to */
/*        compute the requested position vector, the deficiency will */
/*        be diagnosed by a routine in the call tree of this routine. */

/*     4) If an error occurs while reading an SPK or other kernel file, */
/*        the error  will be diagnosed by a routine in the call tree */
/*        of this routine. */

/* $ Files */

/*     This routine computes positions using SPK files that have been */
/*     loaded into the SPICE system, normally via the kernel loading */
/*     interface routine FURNSH. See the routine FURNSH and the SPK */
/*     and KERNEL Required Reading for further information on loading */
/*     (and unloading) kernels. */

/*     If the output position PTARG is to be expressed relative to a */
/*     non-inertial frame, or if any of the ephemeris data used to */
/*     compute PTARG are expressed relative to a non-inertial frame in */
/*     the SPK files providing those data, additional kernels may be */
/*     needed to enable the reference frame transformations required to */
/*     compute the position.  Normally these additional kernels are PCK */
/*     files or frame kernels.  Any such kernels must already be loaded */
/*     at the time this routine is called. */

/* $ Particulars */

/*     This routine is part of the user interface to the SPICE ephemeris */
/*     system.  It allows you to retrieve position information for any */
/*     ephemeris object relative to any other in a reference frame that */
/*     is convenient for further computations. */


/*     Aberration corrections */
/*     ====================== */

/*     In space science or engineering applications one frequently */
/*     wishes to know where to point a remote sensing instrument, such */
/*     as an optical camera or radio antenna, in order to observe or */
/*     otherwise receive radiation from a target.  This pointing problem */
/*     is complicated by the finite speed of light:  one needs to point */
/*     to where the target appears to be as opposed to where it actually */
/*     is at the epoch of observation.  We use the adjectives */
/*     "geometric," "uncorrected," or "true" to refer to an actual */
/*     position or state of a target at a specified epoch.  When a */
/*     geometric position or state vector is modified to reflect how it */
/*     appears to an observer, we describe that vector by any of the */
/*     terms "apparent," "corrected," "aberration corrected," or "light */
/*     time and stellar aberration corrected." The SPICE Toolkit can */
/*     correct for two phenomena affecting the apparent location of an */
/*     object:  one-way light time (also called "planetary aberration") */
/*     and stellar aberration. */

/*     One-way light time */
/*     ------------------ */

/*     Correcting for one-way light time is done by computing, given an */
/*     observer and observation epoch, where a target was when the */
/*     observed photons departed the target's location.  The vector from */
/*     the observer to this computed target location is called a "light */
/*     time corrected" vector.  The light time correction depends on the */
/*     motion of the target relative to the solar system barycenter, but */
/*     it is independent of the velocity of the observer relative to the */
/*     solar system barycenter. Relativistic effects such as light */
/*     bending and gravitational delay are not accounted for in the */
/*     light time correction performed by this routine. */

/*     Stellar aberration */
/*     ------------------ */

/*     The velocity of the observer also affects the apparent location */
/*     of a target:  photons arriving at the observer are subject to a */
/*     "raindrop effect" whereby their velocity relative to the observer */
/*     is, using a Newtonian approximation, the photons' velocity */
/*     relative to the solar system barycenter minus the velocity of the */
/*     observer relative to the solar system barycenter.  This effect is */
/*     called "stellar aberration."  Stellar aberration is independent */
/*     of the velocity of the target.  The stellar aberration formula */
/*     used by this routine does not include (the much smaller) */
/*     relativistic effects. */

/*     Stellar aberration corrections are applied after light time */
/*     corrections:  the light time corrected target position vector is */
/*     used as an input to the stellar aberration correction. */

/*     When light time and stellar aberration corrections are both */
/*     applied to a geometric position vector, the resulting position */
/*     vector indicates where the target "appears to be" from the */
/*     observer's location. */

/*     As opposed to computing the apparent position of a target, one */
/*     may wish to compute the pointing direction required for */
/*     transmission of photons to the target.  This also requires */
/*     correction of the geometric target position for the effects of */
/*     light time and stellar aberration, but in this case the */
/*     corrections are computed for radiation traveling *from* the */
/*     observer to the target. */

/*     The "transmission" light time correction yields the target's */
/*     location as it will be when photons emitted from the observer's */
/*     location at ET arrive at the target.  The transmission stellar */
/*     aberration correction is the inverse of the traditional stellar */
/*     aberration correction:  it indicates the direction in which */
/*     radiation should be emitted so that, using a Newtonian */
/*     approximation, the sum of the velocity of the radiation relative */
/*     to the observer and of the observer's velocity, relative to the */
/*     solar system barycenter, yields a velocity vector that points in */
/*     the direction of the light time corrected position of the target. */

/*     One may object to using the term "observer" in the transmission */
/*     case, in which radiation is emitted from the observer's location. */
/*     The terminology was retained for consistency with earlier */
/*     documentation. */

/*     Below, we indicate the aberration corrections to use for some */
/*     common applications: */

/*        1) Find the apparent direction of a target for a remote-sensing */
/*           observation. */

/*              Use 'LT+S':  apply both light time and stellar */
/*              aberration corrections. */

/*           Note that using light time corrections alone ('LT') is */
/*           generally not a good way to obtain an approximation to an */
/*           apparent target vector:  since light time and stellar */
/*           aberration corrections often partially cancel each other, */
/*           it may be more accurate to use no correction at all than to */
/*           use light time alone. */


/*        2) Find the corrected pointing direction to radiate a signal */
/*           to a target.  This computation is often applicable for */
/*           implementing communications sessions. */

/*              Use 'XLT+S':  apply both light time and stellar */
/*              aberration corrections for transmission. */


/*        3) Compute the apparent position of a target body relative */
/*           to a star or other distant object. */

/*              Use 'LT' or 'LT+S' as needed to match the correction */
/*              applied to the position of the distant object.  For */
/*              example, if a star position is obtained from a catalog, */
/*              the position vector may not be corrected for stellar */
/*              aberration.  In this case, to find the angular */
/*              separation of the star and the limb of a planet, the */
/*              vector from the observer to the planet should be */
/*              corrected for light time but not stellar aberration. */


/*        4) Obtain an uncorrected position vector derived directly from */
/*           data in an SPK file. */

/*              Use 'NONE'. */


/*        5) Use a geometric position vector as a low-accuracy estimate */
/*           of the apparent position for an application where execution */
/*           speed is critical. */

/*              Use 'NONE'. */


/*        6) While this routine cannot perform the relativistic */
/*           aberration corrections required to compute positions */
/*           with the highest possible accuracy, it can supply the */
/*           geometric positions required as inputs to these */
/*           computations. */

/*              Use 'NONE', then apply high-accuracy aberration */
/*              corrections (not available in the SPICE Toolkit). */


/*     Below, we discuss in more detail how the aberration corrections */
/*     applied by this routine are computed. */

/*        Geometric case */
/*        ============== */

/*        ZZSPKZP0 begins by computing the geometric position T(ET) of */
/*        the target body relative to the solar system barycenter (SSB). */
/*        Subtracting the geometric position of the observer O(ET) gives */
/*        the geometric position of the target body relative to the */
/*        observer. The one-way light time, LT, is given by */

/*                  | T(ET) - O(ET) | */
/*           LT = ------------------- */
/*                          c */

/*        The geometric relationship between the observer, target, and */
/*        solar system barycenter is as shown: */


/*           SSB ---> O(ET) */
/*            |      / */
/*            |     / */
/*            |    / */
/*            |   /  T(ET) - O(ET) */
/*            V  V */
/*           T(ET) */


/*        The returned position vector is */

/*           T(ET) - O(ET) */



/*        Reception case */
/*        ============== */

/*        When any of the options 'LT', 'CN', 'LT+S', 'CN+S' is selected */
/*        for ABCORR, ZZSPKZP0 computes the position of the target body */
/*        at epoch ET-LT, where LT is the one-way light time.  Let T(t) */
/*        and O(t) represent the positions of the target and observer */
/*        relative to the solar system barycenter at time t; then LT is */
/*        the solution of the light-time equation */

/*                  | T(ET-LT) - O(ET) | */
/*           LT = ------------------------                            (1) */
/*                           c */

/*        The ratio */

/*            | T(ET) - O(ET) | */
/*          ---------------------                                     (2) */
/*                    c */

/*        is used as a first approximation to LT; inserting (2) into the */
/*        right hand side of the light-time equation (1) yields the */
/*        "one-iteration" estimate of the one-way light time ("LT"). */
/*        Repeating the process until the estimates of LT converge */
/*        yields the "converged Newtonian" light time estimate ("CN"). */

/*        Subtracting the geometric position of the observer O(ET) gives */
/*        the position of the target body relative to the observer: */
/*        T(ET-LT) - O(ET). */

/*           SSB ---> O(ET) */
/*            | \     | */
/*            |  \    | */
/*            |   \   | T(ET-LT) - O(ET) */
/*            |    \  | */
/*            V     V V */
/*           T(ET)  T(ET-LT) */

/*        The light time corrected position vector is */

/*           T(ET-LT) - O(ET) */

/*        If correction for stellar aberration is requested, the target */
/*        position is rotated toward the solar system barycenter- */
/*        relative velocity vector of the observer.  The rotation is */
/*        computed as follows: */

/*           Let r be the light time corrected vector from the observer */
/*           to the object, and v be the velocity of the observer with */
/*           respect to the solar system barycenter. Let w be the angle */
/*           between them. The aberration angle phi is given by */

/*              sin(phi) = v sin(w) / c */

/*           Let h be the vector given by the cross product */

/*              h = r X v */

/*           Rotate r by phi radians about h to obtain the apparent */
/*           position of the object. */


/*        Transmission case */
/*        ================== */

/*        When any of the options 'XLT', 'XCN', 'XLT+S', 'XCN+S' is */
/*        selected, ZZSPKZP0 computes the position of the target body T */
/*        at epoch ET+LT, where LT is the one-way light time.  LT is the */
/*        solution of the light-time equation */

/*                  | T(ET+LT) - O(ET) | */
/*           LT = ------------------------                            (3) */
/*                            c */

/*        Subtracting the geometric position of the observer, O(ET), */
/*        gives the position of the target body relative to the */
/*        observer: T(ET-LT) - O(ET). */

/*                   SSB --> O(ET) */
/*                  / |    * */
/*                 /  |  *  T(ET+LT) - O(ET) */
/*                /   |* */
/*               /   *| */
/*              V  V  V */
/*          T(ET+LT)  T(ET) */

/*        The light-time corrected position vector is */

/*           T(ET+LT) - O(ET) */

/*        If correction for stellar aberration is requested, the target */
/*        position is rotated away from the solar system barycenter- */
/*        relative velocity vector of the observer. The rotation is */
/*        computed as in the reception case, but the sign of the */
/*        rotation angle is negated. */


/*     Precision of light time corrections */
/*     =================================== */

/*        Corrections using one iteration of the light time solution */
/*        ---------------------------------------------------------- */

/*        When the requested aberration correction is 'LT', 'LT+S', */
/*        'XLT', or 'XLT+S', only one iteration is performed in the */
/*        algorithm used to compute LT. */

/*        The relative error in this computation */

/*           | LT_ACTUAL - LT_COMPUTED |  /  LT_ACTUAL */

/*        is at most */

/*            (V/C)**2 */
/*           ---------- */
/*            1 - (V/C) */

/*        which is well approximated by (V/C)**2, where V is the */
/*        velocity of the target relative to an inertial frame and C is */
/*        the speed of light. */

/*        For nearly all objects in the solar system V is less than 60 */
/*        km/sec.  The value of C is 300000 km/sec.  Thus the one */
/*        iteration solution for LT has a potential relative error of */
/*        not more than 4*10**-8.  This is a potential light time error */
/*        of approximately 2*10**-5 seconds per astronomical unit of */
/*        distance separating the observer and target.  Given the bound */
/*        on V cited above: */

/*           As long as the observer and target are */
/*           separated by less than 50 astronomical units, */
/*           the error in the light time returned using */
/*           the one-iteration light time corrections */
/*           is less than 1 millisecond. */


/*        Converged corrections */
/*        --------------------- */

/*        When the requested aberration correction is 'CN', 'CN+S', */
/*        'XCN', or 'XCN+S', three iterations are performed in the */
/*        computation of LT.  The relative error present in this */
/*        solution is at most */

/*            (V/C)**4 */
/*           ---------- */
/*            1 - (V/C) */

/*        which is well approximated by (V/C)**4.  Mathematically the */
/*        precision of this computation is better than a nanosecond for */
/*        any pair of objects in the solar system. */

/*        However, to model the actual light time between target and */
/*        observer one must take into account effects due to general */
/*        relativity.  These may be as high as a few hundredths of a */
/*        millisecond for some objects. */

/*        When one considers the extra time required to compute the */
/*        converged Newtonian light time (the state of the target */
/*        relative to the solar system barycenter is looked up three */
/*        times instead of once) together with the real gain in */
/*        accuracy, it seems unlikely that you will want to request */
/*        either the "CN" or "CN+S" light time corrections.  However, */
/*        these corrections can be useful for testing situations where */
/*        high precision (as opposed to accuracy) is required. */


/*     Relativistic Corrections */
/*     ========================= */

/*     This routine does not attempt to perform either general or */
/*     special relativistic corrections in computing the various */
/*     aberration corrections.  For many applications relativistic */
/*     corrections are not worth the expense of added computation */
/*     cycles.  If however, your application requires these additional */
/*     corrections we suggest you consult the astronomical almanac (page */
/*     B36) for a discussion of how to carry out these corrections. */


/* $ Examples */

/*     1)  Load a planetary ephemeris SPK, then look up a series of */
/*         geometric positions of the moon relative to the earth, */
/*         referenced to the J2000 frame. */


/*               IMPLICIT NONE */
/*         C */
/*         C     Local constants */
/*         C */
/*               CHARACTER*(*)         FRAME */
/*               PARAMETER           ( FRAME  = 'J2000' ) */

/*               CHARACTER*(*)         ABCORR */
/*               PARAMETER           ( ABCORR = 'NONE' ) */

/*         C */
/*         C     The name of the SPK file shown here is fictitious; */
/*         C     you must supply the name of an SPK file available */
/*         C     on your own computer system. */
/*         C */
/*               CHARACTER*(*)         SPK */
/*               PARAMETER           ( SPK    = 'planet.bsp' ) */

/*         C */
/*         C     ET0 represents the date 2000 Jan 1 12:00:00 TDB. */
/*         C */
/*               DOUBLE PRECISION      ET0 */
/*               PARAMETER           ( ET0    = 0.0D0 ) */

/*         C */
/*         C     Use a time step of 1 hour; look up 100 positions. */
/*         C */
/*               DOUBLE PRECISION      STEP */
/*               PARAMETER           ( STEP   = 3600.0D0 ) */

/*               INTEGER               MAXITR */
/*               PARAMETER           ( MAXITR = 100 ) */

/*         C */
/*         C     The NAIF IDs of the earth and moon are 399 and 301 */
/*         C     respectively. */
/*         C */
/*               INTEGER               OBSRVR */
/*               PARAMETER           ( OBSRVR = 399 ) */

/*               INTEGER               TARGET */
/*               PARAMETER           ( TARGET = 301 ) */

/*         C */
/*         C     Local variables */
/*         C */
/*               DOUBLE PRECISION      ET */
/*               DOUBLE PRECISION      LT */
/*               DOUBLE PRECISION      POS ( 3 ) */

/*               INTEGER               I */

/*         C */
/*         C     Load the SPK file. */
/*         C */
/*               CALL FURNSH ( SPK ) */

/*         C */
/*         C     Step through a series of epochs, looking up a */
/*         C     position vector at each one. */
/*         C */
/*               DO I = 1, MAXITR */

/*                  ET = ET0 + (I-1)*STEP */

/*                  CALL ZZSPKZP0 ( TARGET, ET, FRAME, ABCORR, OBSRVR, */
/*              .                 POS,    LT                        ) */

/*                  WRITE (*,*) 'ET = ', ET */
/*                  WRITE (*,*) 'J2000 x-position (km):   ', POS(1) */
/*                  WRITE (*,*) 'J2000 y-position (km):   ', POS(2) */
/*                  WRITE (*,*) 'J2000 z-position (km):   ', POS(3) */
/*                  WRITE (*,*) ' ' */

/*               END DO */

/*               END */


/* $ Restrictions */

/*     1) SPICE Private routine. */

/* $ Literature_References */

/*     SPK Required Reading. */

/* $ Author_and_Institution */

/*     C.H. Acton      (JPL) */
/*     B.V. Semenov    (JPL) */
/*     N.J. Bachman    (JPL) */
/*     W.L. Taber      (JPL) */

/* $ Version */

/* -    SPICELIB Version 1.0.0, 05-JAN-2005 (NJB) */

/*        Based on SPICELIB Version 3.1.0, 05-JAN-2005 (NJB) */

/* -& */
/* $ Index_Entries */

/*     using body names get position relative to an observer */
/*     get position relative observer corrected for aberrations */
/*     read ephemeris data */
/*     read trajectory data */

/* -& */
/* $ Revisions */

/* -& */


/*     SPICELIB functions */


/*     Local parameters */


/*     Local variables */


/*     Saved variables */


/*     Initial values */


/*     Standard SPICE error handling. */

    if (return_()) {
	return 0;
    } else {
	chkin_("ZZSPKZP0", (ftnlen)8);
    }

/*     Get the frame id for J2000 on the first call to this routine. */

    if (first) {
	first = FALSE_;
	namfrm_("J2000", &fj2000, (ftnlen)5);
    }

/*     Decide whether the aberration correction is for received or */
/*     transmitted radiation. */

    i__ = ltrim_(abcorr, abcorr_len);
    xmit = eqchr_(abcorr + (i__ - 1), "X", (ftnlen)1, (ftnlen)1);

/*     If we only want geometric positions, then compute just that. */

/*     Otherwise, compute the state of the observer relative to */
/*     the SSB.  Then feed that position into ZZSPKPA0 to compute the */
/*     apparent position of the target body relative to the observer */
/*     with the requested aberration corrections. */

    if (eqstr_(abcorr, "NONE", abcorr_len, (ftnlen)4)) {
	zzspkgp0_(targ, et, ref, obs, ptarg, lt, ref_len);
    } else {

/*        Get the auxiliary information about the requested output */
/*        frame. */

	namfrm_(ref, &reqfrm, ref_len);
	if (reqfrm == 0) {
	    setmsg_("The requested output frame '#' is not recognized by the"
		    " reference frame subsystem.  Please check that the appro"
		    "priate kernels have been loaded and that you have correc"
		    "tly entered the name of the output frame. ", (ftnlen)209);
	    errch_("#", ref, (ftnlen)1, ref_len);
	    sigerr_("SPICE(UNKNOWNFRAME)", (ftnlen)19);
	    chkout_("ZZSPKZP0", (ftnlen)8);
	    return 0;
	}
	frinfo_(&reqfrm, &center, &type__, &typeid, &found);

/*        If we are dealing with an inertial frame, we can simply */
/*        call ZZSPKSB0, ZZSPKPA0 and return. */

	if (type__ == 1) {
	    zzspksb0_(obs, et, ref, sobs, ref_len);
	    zzspkpa0_(targ, et, ref, sobs, abcorr, ptarg, lt, ref_len, 
		    abcorr_len);
	    chkout_("ZZSPKZP0", (ftnlen)8);
	    return 0;
	}

/*        Still here? */

/*        We are dealing with a non-inertial frame.  But we need to */
/*        do light time and stellar aberration in an inertial frame. */
/*        Get the "apparent" position of TARG in the intermediary */
/*        inertial reference frame J2000. */

/*        We also need the light time to the center of the frame. */

	zzspksb0_(obs, et, "J2000", sobs, (ftnlen)5);
	zzspkpa0_(targ, et, "J2000", sobs, abcorr, postn, lt, (ftnlen)5, 
		abcorr_len);
	if (failed_()) {
	    chkout_("ZZSPKZP0", (ftnlen)8);
	    return 0;
	}
	if (center == *obs) {
	    ltcent = 0.;
	} else if (center == *targ) {
	    ltcent = *lt;
	} else {
	    zzspkpa0_(&center, et, "J2000", sobs, abcorr, temp, &ltcent, (
		    ftnlen)5, abcorr_len);
	}

/*        If something went wrong (like we couldn't get the position of */
/*        the center relative to the observer) now it is time to quit. */

	if (failed_()) {
	    chkout_("ZZSPKZP0", (ftnlen)8);
	    return 0;
	}

/*        If the aberration corrections are for transmission, negate */
/*        the light time, since we wish to compute the orientation */
/*        of the non-inertial frame at an epoch later than ET by */
/*        the one-way light time. */

	if (xmit) {
	    ltcent = -ltcent;
	}

/*        Get the rotation from J2000 to the requested frame */
/*        and convert the position. */

	d__1 = *et - ltcent;
	zzrefch0_(&fj2000, &reqfrm, &d__1, xform);
	if (failed_()) {
	    chkout_("ZZSPKZP0", (ftnlen)8);
	    return 0;
	}
	mxv_(xform, postn, ptarg);
    }
    chkout_("ZZSPKZP0", (ftnlen)8);
    return 0;
} /* zzspkzp0_ */
Example #2
0
/* $Procedure ZZSPKGP0 ( S/P Kernel, geometric position ) */
/* Subroutine */ int zzspkgp0_(integer *targ, doublereal *et, char *ref, 
	integer *obs, doublereal *pos, doublereal *lt, ftnlen ref_len)
{
    /* Initialized data */

    static logical first = TRUE_;

    /* System generated locals */
    integer i__1, i__2, i__3;

    /* Builtin functions */
    integer s_cmp(char *, char *, ftnlen, ftnlen), s_rnge(char *, integer, 
	    char *, integer);

    /* Local variables */
    extern /* Subroutine */ int zzrefch0_(integer *, integer *, doublereal *, 
	    doublereal *), vadd_(doublereal *, doublereal *, doublereal *);
    integer cobs, legs;
    doublereal sobs[6];
    extern /* Subroutine */ int vsub_(doublereal *, doublereal *, doublereal *
	    ), vequ_(doublereal *, doublereal *), zznamfrm_(integer *, char *,
	     integer *, char *, integer *, ftnlen, ftnlen), zzctruin_(integer 
	    *);
    integer i__;
    extern /* Subroutine */ int etcal_(doublereal *, char *, ftnlen);
    integer refid;
    extern /* Subroutine */ int chkin_(char *, ftnlen);
    char oname[40];
    doublereal descr[5];
    integer ctarg[20];
    char ident[40], tname[40];
    extern /* Subroutine */ int errch_(char *, char *, ftnlen, ftnlen), 
	    moved_(doublereal *, integer *, doublereal *);
    logical found;
    extern /* Subroutine */ int repmi_(char *, char *, integer *, char *, 
	    ftnlen, ftnlen, ftnlen);
    doublereal starg[120]	/* was [6][20] */;
    logical nofrm;
    static char svref[32];
    doublereal stemp[6];
    integer ctpos;
    doublereal vtemp[6];
    extern doublereal vnorm_(doublereal *);
    extern /* Subroutine */ int bodc2n_(integer *, char *, logical *, ftnlen);
    static integer svctr1[2];
    extern logical failed_(void);
    extern /* Subroutine */ int cleard_(integer *, doublereal *);
    integer handle, cframe;
    extern doublereal clight_(void);
    integer tframe[20];
    extern integer isrchi_(integer *, integer *, integer *);
    extern /* Subroutine */ int sigerr_(char *, ftnlen), chkout_(char *, 
	    ftnlen);
    static integer svrefi;
    extern /* Subroutine */ int irfnum_(char *, integer *, ftnlen), prefix_(
	    char *, integer *, char *, ftnlen, ftnlen), setmsg_(char *, 
	    ftnlen), suffix_(char *, integer *, char *, ftnlen, ftnlen);
    integer tmpfrm;
    extern /* Subroutine */ int irfrot_(integer *, integer *, doublereal *), 
	    spksfs_(integer *, doublereal *, integer *, doublereal *, char *, 
	    logical *, ftnlen);
    extern integer frstnp_(char *, ftnlen);
    extern logical return_(void);
    doublereal psxfrm[9]	/* was [3][3] */;
    extern /* Subroutine */ int spkpvn_(integer *, doublereal *, doublereal *,
	     integer *, doublereal *, integer *), intstr_(integer *, char *, 
	    ftnlen);
    integer nct;
    doublereal rot[9]	/* was [3][3] */;
    extern /* Subroutine */ int mxv_(doublereal *, doublereal *, doublereal *)
	    ;
    char tstring[80];

/* $ Abstract */

/*     SPICE Private routine intended solely for the support of SPICE */
/*     routines.  Users should not call this routine directly due */
/*     to the volatile nature of this routine. */

/*     Compute the geometric position of a target body relative to an */
/*     observing body. */

/* $ Disclaimer */

/*     THIS SOFTWARE AND ANY RELATED MATERIALS WERE CREATED BY THE */
/*     CALIFORNIA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY (CALTECH) UNDER A U.S. */
/*     GOVERNMENT CONTRACT WITH THE NATIONAL AERONAUTICS AND SPACE */
/*     ADMINISTRATION (NASA). THE SOFTWARE IS TECHNOLOGY AND SOFTWARE */
/*     PUBLICLY AVAILABLE UNDER U.S. EXPORT LAWS AND IS PROVIDED "AS-IS" */
/*     TO THE RECIPIENT WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, INCLUDING ANY */
/*     WARRANTIES OF PERFORMANCE OR MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS FOR A */
/*     PARTICULAR USE OR PURPOSE (AS SET FORTH IN UNITED STATES UCC */
/*     SECTIONS 2312-2313) OR FOR ANY PURPOSE WHATSOEVER, FOR THE */
/*     SOFTWARE AND RELATED MATERIALS, HOWEVER USED. */

/*     IN NO EVENT SHALL CALTECH, ITS JET PROPULSION LABORATORY, OR NASA */
/*     BE LIABLE FOR ANY DAMAGES AND/OR COSTS, INCLUDING, BUT NOT */
/*     LIMITED TO, INCIDENTAL OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES OF ANY KIND, */
/*     INCLUDING ECONOMIC DAMAGE OR INJURY TO PROPERTY AND LOST PROFITS, */
/*     REGARDLESS OF WHETHER CALTECH, JPL, OR NASA BE ADVISED, HAVE */
/*     REASON TO KNOW, OR, IN FACT, SHALL KNOW OF THE POSSIBILITY. */

/*     RECIPIENT BEARS ALL RISK RELATING TO QUALITY AND PERFORMANCE OF */
/*     THE SOFTWARE AND ANY RELATED MATERIALS, AND AGREES TO INDEMNIFY */
/*     CALTECH AND NASA FOR ALL THIRD-PARTY CLAIMS RESULTING FROM THE */
/*     ACTIONS OF RECIPIENT IN THE USE OF THE SOFTWARE. */

/* $ Required_Reading */

/*     SPK */

/* $ Keywords */

/*     EPHEMERIS */

/* $ Declarations */
/* $ Abstract */

/*     This file contains the number of inertial reference */
/*     frames that are currently known by the SPICE toolkit */
/*     software. */

/* $ Disclaimer */

/*     THIS SOFTWARE AND ANY RELATED MATERIALS WERE CREATED BY THE */
/*     CALIFORNIA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY (CALTECH) UNDER A U.S. */
/*     GOVERNMENT CONTRACT WITH THE NATIONAL AERONAUTICS AND SPACE */
/*     ADMINISTRATION (NASA). THE SOFTWARE IS TECHNOLOGY AND SOFTWARE */
/*     PUBLICLY AVAILABLE UNDER U.S. EXPORT LAWS AND IS PROVIDED "AS-IS" */
/*     TO THE RECIPIENT WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, INCLUDING ANY */
/*     WARRANTIES OF PERFORMANCE OR MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS FOR A */
/*     PARTICULAR USE OR PURPOSE (AS SET FORTH IN UNITED STATES UCC */
/*     SECTIONS 2312-2313) OR FOR ANY PURPOSE WHATSOEVER, FOR THE */
/*     SOFTWARE AND RELATED MATERIALS, HOWEVER USED. */

/*     IN NO EVENT SHALL CALTECH, ITS JET PROPULSION LABORATORY, OR NASA */
/*     BE LIABLE FOR ANY DAMAGES AND/OR COSTS, INCLUDING, BUT NOT */
/*     LIMITED TO, INCIDENTAL OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES OF ANY KIND, */
/*     INCLUDING ECONOMIC DAMAGE OR INJURY TO PROPERTY AND LOST PROFITS, */
/*     REGARDLESS OF WHETHER CALTECH, JPL, OR NASA BE ADVISED, HAVE */
/*     REASON TO KNOW, OR, IN FACT, SHALL KNOW OF THE POSSIBILITY. */

/*     RECIPIENT BEARS ALL RISK RELATING TO QUALITY AND PERFORMANCE OF */
/*     THE SOFTWARE AND ANY RELATED MATERIALS, AND AGREES TO INDEMNIFY */
/*     CALTECH AND NASA FOR ALL THIRD-PARTY CLAIMS RESULTING FROM THE */
/*     ACTIONS OF RECIPIENT IN THE USE OF THE SOFTWARE. */

/* $ Required_Reading */

/*     None. */

/* $ Keywords */

/*     FRAMES */

/* $ Declarations */
/* $ Brief_I/O */

/*     VARIABLE  I/O  DESCRIPTION */
/*     --------  ---  -------------------------------------------------- */
/*     NINERT     P   Number of known inertial reference frames. */

/* $ Parameters */

/*     NINERT     is the number of recognized inertial reference */
/*                frames.  This value is needed by both CHGIRF */
/*                ZZFDAT, and FRAMEX. */

/* $ Author_and_Institution */

/*     W.L. Taber      (JPL) */

/* $ Literature_References */

/*     None. */

/* $ Version */

/* -    SPICELIB Version 1.0.0, 10-OCT-1996 (WLT) */

/* -& */
/* $ Abstract */

/*     This include file defines the dimension of the counter */
/*     array used by various SPICE subsystems to uniquely identify */
/*     changes in their states. */

/* $ Disclaimer */

/*     THIS SOFTWARE AND ANY RELATED MATERIALS WERE CREATED BY THE */
/*     CALIFORNIA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY (CALTECH) UNDER A U.S. */
/*     GOVERNMENT CONTRACT WITH THE NATIONAL AERONAUTICS AND SPACE */
/*     ADMINISTRATION (NASA). THE SOFTWARE IS TECHNOLOGY AND SOFTWARE */
/*     PUBLICLY AVAILABLE UNDER U.S. EXPORT LAWS AND IS PROVIDED "AS-IS" */
/*     TO THE RECIPIENT WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, INCLUDING ANY */
/*     WARRANTIES OF PERFORMANCE OR MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS FOR A */
/*     PARTICULAR USE OR PURPOSE (AS SET FORTH IN UNITED STATES UCC */
/*     SECTIONS 2312-2313) OR FOR ANY PURPOSE WHATSOEVER, FOR THE */
/*     SOFTWARE AND RELATED MATERIALS, HOWEVER USED. */

/*     IN NO EVENT SHALL CALTECH, ITS JET PROPULSION LABORATORY, OR NASA */
/*     BE LIABLE FOR ANY DAMAGES AND/OR COSTS, INCLUDING, BUT NOT */
/*     LIMITED TO, INCIDENTAL OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES OF ANY KIND, */
/*     INCLUDING ECONOMIC DAMAGE OR INJURY TO PROPERTY AND LOST PROFITS, */
/*     REGARDLESS OF WHETHER CALTECH, JPL, OR NASA BE ADVISED, HAVE */
/*     REASON TO KNOW, OR, IN FACT, SHALL KNOW OF THE POSSIBILITY. */

/*     RECIPIENT BEARS ALL RISK RELATING TO QUALITY AND PERFORMANCE OF */
/*     THE SOFTWARE AND ANY RELATED MATERIALS, AND AGREES TO INDEMNIFY */
/*     CALTECH AND NASA FOR ALL THIRD-PARTY CLAIMS RESULTING FROM THE */
/*     ACTIONS OF RECIPIENT IN THE USE OF THE SOFTWARE. */

/* $ Parameters */

/*     CTRSIZ      is the dimension of the counter array used by */
/*                 various SPICE subsystems to uniquely identify */
/*                 changes in their states. */

/* $ Author_and_Institution */

/*     B.V. Semenov    (JPL) */

/* $ Literature_References */

/*     None. */

/* $ Version */

/* -    SPICELIB Version 1.0.0, 29-JUL-2013 (BVS) */

/* -& */

/*     End of include file. */

/* $ Brief_I/O */

/*     Variable  I/O  Description */
/*     --------  ---  -------------------------------------------------- */
/*     TARG       I   Target body. */
/*     ET         I   Target epoch. */
/*     REF        I   Target reference frame. */
/*     OBS        I   Observing body. */
/*     POS        O   Position of target. */
/*     LT         O   Light time. */

/* $ Detailed_Input */

/*     TARG        is the standard NAIF ID code for a target body. */

/*     ET          is the epoch (ephemeris time) at which the position */
/*                 of the target body is to be computed. */

/*     REF         is the name of the reference frame to */
/*                 which the vectors returned by the routine should */
/*                 be rotated. This may be any frame supported by */
/*                 the SPICELIB subroutine ZZREFCH0. */

/*     OBS         is the standard NAIF ID code for an observing body. */

/* $ Detailed_Output */

/*     POS         contains the position of the target */
/*                 body, relative to the observing body. This vector is */
/*                 rotated into the specified reference frame. Units */
/*                 are always km. */

/*     LT          is the one-way light time from the observing body */
/*                 to the geometric position of the target body at the */
/*                 specified epoch. */

/* $ Parameters */

/*     None. */

/* $ Exceptions */

/*     1) If insufficient ephemeris data has been loaded to compute */
/*        the necessary positions, the error SPICE(SPKINSUFFDATA) is */
/*        signalled. */

/* $ Files */

/*     See: $Restrictions. */

/* $ Particulars */

/*     ZZSPKGP0 computes the geometric position, T(t), of the target */
/*     body and the geometric position, O(t), of the observing body */
/*     relative to the first common center of motion.  Subtracting */
/*     O(t) from T(t) gives the geometric position of the target */
/*     body relative to the observer. */


/*        CENTER ----- O(t) */
/*            |      / */
/*            |     / */
/*            |    / */
/*            |   /  T(t) - O(t) */
/*            |  / */
/*           T(t) */


/*     The one-way light time, tau, is given by */


/*               | T(t) - O(t) | */
/*        tau = ----------------- */
/*                      c */


/*     For example, if the observing body is -94, the Mars Observer */
/*     spacecraft, and the target body is 401, Phobos, then the */
/*     first common center is probably 4, the Mars Barycenter. */
/*     O(t) is the position of -94 relative to 4 and T(t) is the */
/*     position of 401 relative to 4. */

/*     The center could also be the Solar System Barycenter, body 0. */
/*     For example, if the observer is 399, Earth, and the target */
/*     is 299, Venus, then O(t) would be the position of 399 relative */
/*     to 0 and T(t) would be the position of 299 relative to 0. */

/*     Ephemeris data from more than one segment may be required */
/*     to determine the positions of the target body and observer */
/*     relative to a common center.  ZZSPKGP0 reads as many segments */
/*     as necessary, from as many files as necessary, using files */
/*     that have been loaded by previous calls to SPKLEF (load */
/*     ephemeris file). */

/*     ZZSPKGP0 is similar to SPKGEO but returns geometric positions */
/*     only. */

/* $ Examples */

/*     The following code example computes the geometric */
/*     position of the moon with respect to the earth and */
/*     then prints the distance of the moon from the */
/*     the earth at a number of epochs. */

/*     Assume the SPK file SAMPLE.BSP contains ephemeris data */
/*     for the moon relative to earth over the time interval */
/*     from BEGIN to END. */

/*            INTEGER               EARTH */
/*            PARAMETER           ( EARTH = 399 ) */

/*            INTEGER               MOON */
/*            PARAMETER           ( MOON  = 301 ) */

/*            INTEGER               N */
/*            PARAMETER           ( N     = 100 ) */

/*            INTEGER               I */
/*            CHARACTER*(20)        UTC */
/*            DOUBLE PRECISION      BEGIN */
/*            DOUBLE PRECISION      DELTA */
/*            DOUBLE PRECISION      END */
/*            DOUBLE PRECISION      ET */
/*            DOUBLE PRECISION      POS ( 3 ) */
/*            DOUBLE PRECISION      LT */

/*            DOUBLE PRECISION      VNORM */

/*     C */
/*     C      Load the binary SPK ephemeris file. */
/*     C */
/*            CALL FURNSH ( 'SAMPLE.BSP' ) */

/*            . */
/*            . */
/*            . */

/*     C */
/*     C      Divide the interval of coverage [BEGIN,END] into */
/*     C      N steps.  At each step, compute the position, and */
/*     C      print out the epoch in UTC time and position norm. */
/*     C */
/*            DELTA = ( END - BEGIN ) / N */

/*            DO I = 0, N */

/*               ET = BEGIN + I*DELTA */

/*               CALL ZZSPKGP0 ( MOON, ET, 'J2000', EARTH, POS, LT ) */

/*               CALL ET2UTC ( ET, 'C', 0, UTC ) */

/*               WRITE (*,*) UTC, VNORM ( POS ) */

/*            END DO */

/* $ Restrictions */

/*     1) SPICE Private routine. */

/*     2) The ephemeris files to be used by ZZSPKGP0 must be loaded */
/*        by SPKLEF before ZZSPKGP0 is called. */

/* $ Literature_References */

/*     None. */

/* $ Author_and_Institution */

/*     N.J. Bachman  (JPL) */
/*     B.V. Semenov  (JPL) */
/*     W.L. Taber    (JPL) */

/* $ Version */

/* -    SPICELIB Version 2.0.0, 08-JAN-2014 (BVS) */

/*        Updated to save the input frame name and POOL state counter */
/*        and to do frame name-ID conversion only if the counter has */
/*        changed. */

/*        Updated to map the input frame name to its ID by first calling */
/*        ZZNAMFRM, and then calling IRFNUM. The side effect of this */
/*        change is that now the frame with the fixed name 'DEFAULT' */
/*        that can be associated with any code via CHGIRF's entry point */
/*        IRFDEF will be fully masked by a frame with indentical name */
/*        defined via a text kernel. Previously the CHGIRF's 'DEFAULT' */
/*        frame masked the text kernel frame with the same name. */

/*        Replaced SPKLEF with FURNSH and fixed errors in Examples. */

/* -    SPICELIB Version 1.1.0, 09-NOV-2005 (NJB) */

/*        Updated to remove non-standard use of duplicate arguments */
/*        in VADD calls. */

/* -    SPICELIB Version 1.0.0, 05-JAN-2005 (NJB) */

/*        Based on SPICELIB Version 1.1.0, 05-JAN-2005 (NJB) */

/* -& */
/* $ Index_Entries */

/*     geometric position of one body relative to another */

/* -& */
/* $ Revisions */

/* -    SPICELIB Version 1.1.0, 09-NOV-2005 (NJB) */

/*        Updated to remove non-standard use of duplicate arguments */
/*        in VADD calls. */

/* -& */

/*     This is the idea: */

/*     Every body moves with respect to some center. The center */
/*     is itself a body, which in turn moves about some other */
/*     center.  If we begin at the target body (T), follow */
/*     the chain, */

/*                                   T */
/*                                     \ */
/*           SSB                        \ */
/*               \                     C[1] */
/*                \                     / */
/*                 \                   / */
/*                  \                 / */
/*                   \               / */
/*                  C[3]-----------C[2] */

/*     and avoid circular definitions (A moves about B, and B moves */
/*     about A), eventually we get the position relative to the solar */
/*     system barycenter (which, for our purposes, doesn't move). */
/*     Thus, */

/*        T    = T     + C[1]     + C[2]     + ... + C[n] */
/*         SSB    C[1]       C[2]       [C3]             SSB */

/*     where */

/*        X */
/*         Y */

/*     is the position of body X relative to body Y. */

/*     However, we don't want to follow each chain back to the SSB */
/*     if it isn't necessary.  Instead we will just follow the chain */
/*     of the target body and follow the chain of the observing body */
/*     until we find a common node in the tree. */

/*     In the example below, C is the first common node.  We compute */
/*     the position of TARG relative to C and the position of OBS */
/*     relative to C, then subtract the two positions. */

/*                                   TARG */
/*                                     \ */
/*           SSB                        \ */
/*               \                       A */
/*                \                     /            OBS */
/*                 \                   /              | */
/*                  \                 /               | */
/*                   \               /                | */
/*                    B-------------C-----------------D */




/*     SPICELIB functions */


/*     Local parameters */


/*     CHLEN is the maximum length of a chain.  That is, */
/*     it is the maximum number of bodies in the chain from */
/*     the target or observer to the SSB. */


/*     Saved frame name length. */


/*     Local variables */


/*     Saved frame name/ID item declarations. */


/*     Saved frame name/ID items. */


/*     Initial values. */


/*     In-line Function Definitions */


/*     Standard SPICE error handling. */

    if (return_()) {
	return 0;
    } else {
	chkin_("ZZSPKGP0", (ftnlen)8);
    }

/*     Initialization. */

    if (first) {

/*        Initialize counter. */

	zzctruin_(svctr1);
	first = FALSE_;
    }

/*     We take care of the obvious case first.  It TARG and OBS are the */
/*     same we can just fill in zero. */

    if (*targ == *obs) {
	*lt = 0.;
	cleard_(&c__3, pos);
	chkout_("ZZSPKGP0", (ftnlen)8);
	return 0;
    }

/*     CTARG contains the integer codes of the bodies in the */
/*     target body chain, beginning with TARG itself and then */
/*     the successive centers of motion. */

/*     STARG(1,I) is the position of the target body relative */
/*     to CTARG(I).  The id-code of the frame of this position is */
/*     stored in TFRAME(I). */

/*     COBS and SOBS will contain the centers and positions of the */
/*     observing body.  (They are single elements instead of arrays */
/*     because we only need the current center and position of the */
/*     observer relative to it.) */

/*     First, we construct CTARG and STARG.  CTARG(1) is */
/*     just the target itself, and STARG(1,1) is just a zero */
/*     vector, that is, the position of the target relative */
/*     to itself. */

/*     Then we follow the chain, filling up CTARG and STARG */
/*     as we go.  We use SPKSFS to search through loaded */
/*     files to find the first segment applicable to CTARG(1) */
/*     and time ET.  Then we use SPKPVN to compute the position */
/*     of the body CTARG(1) at ET in the segment that was found */
/*     and get its center and frame of motion (CTARG(2) and TFRAME(2). */

/*     We repeat the process for CTARG(2) and so on, until */
/*     there is no data found for some CTARG(I) or until we */
/*     reach the SSB. */

/*     Next, we find centers and positions in a similar manner */
/*     for the observer.  It's a similar construction as */
/*     described above, but I is always 1.  COBS and SOBS */
/*     are overwritten with each new center and position, */
/*     beginning at OBS.  However, we stop when we encounter */
/*     a common center of motion, that is when COBS is equal */
/*     to CTARG(I) for some I. */

/*     Finally, we compute the desired position of the target */
/*     relative to the observer by subtracting the position of */
/*     the observing body relative to the common node from */
/*     the position of the target body relative to the common */
/*     node. */

/*     CTPOS is the position in CTARG of the common node. */

/*     Since the upgrade to use hashes and counter bypass ZZNAMFRM */
/*     became more efficient in looking up frame IDs than IRFNUM. So the */
/*     original order of calls "IRFNUM first, NAMFRM second" was */
/*     switched to "ZZNAMFRM first, IRFNUM second". */

/*     The call to IRFNUM, now redundant for built-in inertial frames, */
/*     was preserved to for a sole reason -- to still support the */
/*     ancient and barely documented ability for the users to associate */
/*     a frame with the fixed name 'DEFAULT' with any CHGIRF inertial */
/*     frame code via CHGIRF's entry point IRFDEF. */

/*     Note that in the case of ZZNAMFRM's failure to resolve name and */
/*     IRFNUM's success to do so, the code returned by IRFNUM for */
/*     'DEFAULT' frame is *not* copied to the saved code SVREFI (which */
/*     would be set to 0 by ZZNAMFRM) to make sure that on subsequent */
/*     calls ZZNAMFRM does not do a bypass (as SVREFI always forced look */
/*     up) and calls IRFNUM again to reset the 'DEFAULT's frame ID */
/*     should it change between the calls. */

    zznamfrm_(svctr1, svref, &svrefi, ref, &refid, (ftnlen)32, ref_len);
    if (refid == 0) {
	irfnum_(ref, &refid, ref_len);
    }
    if (refid == 0) {
	if (frstnp_(ref, ref_len) > 0) {
	    setmsg_("The string supplied to specify the reference frame, ('#"
		    "') contains non-printing characters.  The two most commo"
		    "n causes for this kind of error are: 1. an error in the "
		    "call to ZZSPKGP0; 2. an uninitialized variable. ", (
		    ftnlen)215);
	    errch_("#", ref, (ftnlen)1, ref_len);
	} else if (s_cmp(ref, " ", ref_len, (ftnlen)1) == 0) {
	    setmsg_("The string supplied to specify the reference frame is b"
		    "lank.  The most common cause for this kind of error is a"
		    "n uninitialized variable. ", (ftnlen)137);
	} else {
	    setmsg_("The string supplied to specify the reference frame was "
		    "'#'.  This frame is not recognized. Possible causes for "
		    "this error are: 1. failure to load the frame definition "
		    "into the kernel pool; 2. An out-of-date edition of the t"
		    "oolkit. ", (ftnlen)231);
	    errch_("#", ref, (ftnlen)1, ref_len);
	}
	sigerr_("SPICE(UNKNOWNFRAME)", (ftnlen)19);
	if (failed_()) {
	    chkout_("ZZSPKGP0", (ftnlen)8);
	    return 0;
	}
    }

/*     Fill in CTARG and STARG until no more data is found */
/*     or until we reach the SSB.  If the chain gets too */
/*     long to fit in CTARG, that is if I equals CHLEN, */
/*     then overwrite the last elements of CTARG and STARG. */

/*     Note the check for FAILED in the loop.  If SPKSFS */
/*     or SPKPVN happens to fail during execution, and the */
/*     current error handling action is to NOT abort, then */
/*     FOUND may be stuck at TRUE, CTARG(I) will never */
/*     become zero, and the loop will execute indefinitely. */


/*     Construct CTARG and STARG.  Begin by assigning the */
/*     first elements:  TARG and the position of TARG relative */
/*     to itself. */

    i__ = 1;
    ctarg[(i__1 = i__ - 1) < 20 && 0 <= i__1 ? i__1 : s_rnge("ctarg", i__1, 
	    "zzspkgp0_", (ftnlen)610)] = *targ;
    found = TRUE_;
    cleard_(&c__6, &starg[(i__1 = i__ * 6 - 6) < 120 && 0 <= i__1 ? i__1 : 
	    s_rnge("starg", i__1, "zzspkgp0_", (ftnlen)613)]);
    while(found && i__ < 20 && ctarg[(i__1 = i__ - 1) < 20 && 0 <= i__1 ? 
	    i__1 : s_rnge("ctarg", i__1, "zzspkgp0_", (ftnlen)615)] != *obs &&
	     ctarg[(i__2 = i__ - 1) < 20 && 0 <= i__2 ? i__2 : s_rnge("ctarg",
	     i__2, "zzspkgp0_", (ftnlen)615)] != 0) {

/*        Find a file and segment that has position */
/*        data for CTARG(I). */

	spksfs_(&ctarg[(i__1 = i__ - 1) < 20 && 0 <= i__1 ? i__1 : s_rnge(
		"ctarg", i__1, "zzspkgp0_", (ftnlen)624)], et, &handle, descr,
		 ident, &found, (ftnlen)40);
	if (found) {

/*           Get the position of CTARG(I) relative to some */
/*           center of motion.  This new center goes in */
/*           CTARG(I+1) and the position is called STEMP. */

	    ++i__;
	    spkpvn_(&handle, descr, et, &tframe[(i__1 = i__ - 1) < 20 && 0 <= 
		    i__1 ? i__1 : s_rnge("tframe", i__1, "zzspkgp0_", (ftnlen)
		    634)], &starg[(i__2 = i__ * 6 - 6) < 120 && 0 <= i__2 ? 
		    i__2 : s_rnge("starg", i__2, "zzspkgp0_", (ftnlen)634)], &
		    ctarg[(i__3 = i__ - 1) < 20 && 0 <= i__3 ? i__3 : s_rnge(
		    "ctarg", i__3, "zzspkgp0_", (ftnlen)634)]);

/*           Here's what we have.  STARG is the position of CTARG(I-1) */
/*           relative to CTARG(I) in reference frame TFRAME(I) */

/*           If one of the routines above failed during */
/*           execution, we just give up and check out. */

	    if (failed_()) {
		chkout_("ZZSPKGP0", (ftnlen)8);
		return 0;
	    }
	}
    }
    tframe[0] = tframe[1];

/*     If the loop above ended because we ran out of */
/*     room in the arrays CTARG and STARG, then we */
/*     continue finding positions but we overwrite the */
/*     last elements of CTARG and STARG. */

/*     If, as a result, the first common node is */
/*     overwritten, we'll just have to settle for */
/*     the last common node.  This will cause a small */
/*     loss of precision, but it's better than other */
/*     alternatives. */

    if (i__ == 20) {
	while(found && ctarg[19] != 0 && ctarg[19] != *obs) {

/*           Find a file and segment that has position */
/*           data for CTARG(CHLEN). */

	    spksfs_(&ctarg[19], et, &handle, descr, ident, &found, (ftnlen)40)
		    ;
	    if (found) {

/*              Get the position of CTARG(CHLEN) relative to */
/*              some center of motion.  The new center */
/*              overwrites the old.  The position is called */
/*              STEMP. */

		spkpvn_(&handle, descr, et, &tmpfrm, stemp, &ctarg[19]);

/*              Add STEMP to the position of TARG relative to */
/*              the old center to get the position of TARG */
/*              relative to the new center.  Overwrite */
/*              the last element of STARG. */

		if (tframe[19] == tmpfrm) {
		    moved_(&starg[114], &c__3, vtemp);
		} else if (tmpfrm > 0 && tmpfrm <= 21 && tframe[19] > 0 && 
			tframe[19] <= 21) {
		    irfrot_(&tframe[19], &tmpfrm, rot);
		    mxv_(rot, &starg[114], vtemp);
		} else {
		    zzrefch0_(&tframe[19], &tmpfrm, et, psxfrm);
		    if (failed_()) {
			chkout_("ZZSPKGP0", (ftnlen)8);
			return 0;
		    }
		    mxv_(psxfrm, &starg[114], vtemp);
		}
		vadd_(vtemp, stemp, &starg[114]);
		tframe[19] = tmpfrm;

/*              If one of the routines above failed during */
/*              execution, we just give up and check out. */

		if (failed_()) {
		    chkout_("ZZSPKGP0", (ftnlen)8);
		    return 0;
		}
	    }
	}
    }
    nct = i__;

/*     NCT is the number of elements in CTARG, */
/*     the chain length.  We have in hand the following information */

/*        STARG(1...3,K)  position of body */
/*        CTARG(K-1)      relative to body CTARG(K) in the frame */
/*        TFRAME(K) */


/*     For K = 2,..., NCT. */

/*     CTARG(1) = TARG */
/*     STARG(1...3,1) = ( 0, 0, 0 ) */
/*     TFRAME(1)      = TFRAME(2) */


/*     Now follow the observer's chain.  Assign */
/*     the first values for COBS and SOBS. */

    cobs = *obs;
    cleard_(&c__6, sobs);

/*     Perhaps we have a common node already. */
/*     If so it will be the last node on the */
/*     list CTARG. */

/*     We let CTPOS will be the position of the common */
/*     node in CTARG if one is found.  It will */
/*     be zero if COBS is not found in CTARG. */

    if (ctarg[(i__1 = nct - 1) < 20 && 0 <= i__1 ? i__1 : s_rnge("ctarg", 
	    i__1, "zzspkgp0_", (ftnlen)769)] == cobs) {
	ctpos = nct;
	cframe = tframe[(i__1 = ctpos - 1) < 20 && 0 <= i__1 ? i__1 : s_rnge(
		"tframe", i__1, "zzspkgp0_", (ftnlen)771)];
    } else {
	ctpos = 0;
    }

/*     Repeat the same loop as above, but each time */
/*     we encounter a new center of motion, check to */
/*     see if it is a common node.  (When CTPOS is */
/*     not zero, CTARG(CTPOS) is the first common node.) */

/*     Note that we don't need a centers array nor a */
/*     positions array, just a single center and position */
/*     is sufficient --- we just keep overwriting them. */
/*     When the common node is found, we have everything */
/*     we need in that one center (COBS) and position */
/*     (SOBS-position of the target relative to COBS). */

    found = TRUE_;
    nofrm = TRUE_;
    legs = 0;
    while(found && cobs != 0 && ctpos == 0) {

/*        Find a file and segment that has position */
/*        data for COBS. */

	spksfs_(&cobs, et, &handle, descr, ident, &found, (ftnlen)40);
	if (found) {

/*           Get the position of COBS; call it STEMP. */
/*           The center of motion of COBS becomes the */
/*           new COBS. */

	    if (legs == 0) {
		spkpvn_(&handle, descr, et, &tmpfrm, sobs, &cobs);
	    } else {
		spkpvn_(&handle, descr, et, &tmpfrm, stemp, &cobs);
	    }
	    if (nofrm) {
		nofrm = FALSE_;
		cframe = tmpfrm;
	    }

/*           Add STEMP to the position of OBS relative to */
/*           the old COBS to get the position of OBS */
/*           relative to the new COBS. */

	    if (cframe == tmpfrm) {

/*              On the first leg of the position of the observer, we */
/*              don't have to add anything, the position of the */
/*              observer is already in SOBS.  We only have to add when */
/*              the number of legs in the observer position is one or */
/*              greater. */

		if (legs > 0) {
		    vadd_(sobs, stemp, vtemp);
		    vequ_(vtemp, sobs);
		}
	    } else if (tmpfrm > 0 && tmpfrm <= 21 && cframe > 0 && cframe <= 
		    21) {
		irfrot_(&cframe, &tmpfrm, rot);
		mxv_(rot, sobs, vtemp);
		vadd_(vtemp, stemp, sobs);
		cframe = tmpfrm;
	    } else {
		zzrefch0_(&cframe, &tmpfrm, et, psxfrm);
		if (failed_()) {
		    chkout_("ZZSPKGP0", (ftnlen)8);
		    return 0;
		}
		mxv_(psxfrm, sobs, vtemp);
		vadd_(vtemp, stemp, sobs);
		cframe = tmpfrm;
	    }

/*           Check failed.  We don't want to loop */
/*           indefinitely. */

	    if (failed_()) {
		chkout_("ZZSPKGP0", (ftnlen)8);
		return 0;
	    }

/*           We now have one more leg of the path for OBS.  Set */
/*           LEGS to reflect this.  Then see if the new center */
/*           is a common node. If not, repeat the loop. */

	    ++legs;
	    ctpos = isrchi_(&cobs, &nct, ctarg);
	}
    }

/*     If CTPOS is zero at this point, it means we */
/*     have not found a common node though we have */
/*     searched through all the available data. */

    if (ctpos == 0) {
	bodc2n_(targ, tname, &found, (ftnlen)40);
	if (found) {
	    prefix_("# (", &c__0, tname, (ftnlen)3, (ftnlen)40);
	    suffix_(")", &c__0, tname, (ftnlen)1, (ftnlen)40);
	    repmi_(tname, "#", targ, tname, (ftnlen)40, (ftnlen)1, (ftnlen)40)
		    ;
	} else {
	    intstr_(targ, tname, (ftnlen)40);
	}
	bodc2n_(obs, oname, &found, (ftnlen)40);
	if (found) {
	    prefix_("# (", &c__0, oname, (ftnlen)3, (ftnlen)40);
	    suffix_(")", &c__0, oname, (ftnlen)1, (ftnlen)40);
	    repmi_(oname, "#", obs, oname, (ftnlen)40, (ftnlen)1, (ftnlen)40);
	} else {
	    intstr_(obs, oname, (ftnlen)40);
	}
	setmsg_("Insufficient ephemeris data has been loaded to compute the "
		"position of TARG relative to OBS at the ephemeris epoch #. ", 
		(ftnlen)118);
	etcal_(et, tstring, (ftnlen)80);
	errch_("TARG", tname, (ftnlen)4, (ftnlen)40);
	errch_("OBS", oname, (ftnlen)3, (ftnlen)40);
	errch_("#", tstring, (ftnlen)1, (ftnlen)80);
	sigerr_("SPICE(SPKINSUFFDATA)", (ftnlen)20);
	chkout_("ZZSPKGP0", (ftnlen)8);
	return 0;
    }

/*     If CTPOS is not zero, then we have reached a */
/*     common node, specifically, */

/*        CTARG(CTPOS) = COBS = CENTER */

/*     (in diagram below).  The POSITION of the target */
/*     (TARG) relative to the observer (OBS) is just */

/*        STARG(1,CTPOS) - SOBS. */



/*                     SOBS */
/*         CENTER ---------------->OBS */
/*            |                  . */
/*            |                . N */
/*         S  |              . O */
/*         T  |            . I */
/*         A  |          . T */
/*         R  |        . I */
/*         G  |      . S */
/*            |    . O */
/*            |  . P */
/*            V L */
/*           TARG */


/*     And the light-time between them is just */

/*               | POSITION | */
/*          LT = --------- */
/*                   c */


/*     Compute the position of the target relative to CTARG(CTPOS) */

    if (ctpos == 1) {
	tframe[0] = cframe;
    }
    i__1 = ctpos - 1;
    for (i__ = 2; i__ <= i__1; ++i__) {
	if (tframe[(i__2 = i__ - 1) < 20 && 0 <= i__2 ? i__2 : s_rnge("tframe"
		, i__2, "zzspkgp0_", (ftnlen)967)] == tframe[(i__3 = i__) < 
		20 && 0 <= i__3 ? i__3 : s_rnge("tframe", i__3, "zzspkgp0_", (
		ftnlen)967)]) {
	    vadd_(&starg[(i__2 = i__ * 6 - 6) < 120 && 0 <= i__2 ? i__2 : 
		    s_rnge("starg", i__2, "zzspkgp0_", (ftnlen)969)], &starg[(
		    i__3 = (i__ + 1) * 6 - 6) < 120 && 0 <= i__3 ? i__3 : 
		    s_rnge("starg", i__3, "zzspkgp0_", (ftnlen)969)], stemp);
	    moved_(stemp, &c__3, &starg[(i__2 = (i__ + 1) * 6 - 6) < 120 && 0 
		    <= i__2 ? i__2 : s_rnge("starg", i__2, "zzspkgp0_", (
		    ftnlen)970)]);
	} else if (tframe[(i__3 = i__) < 20 && 0 <= i__3 ? i__3 : s_rnge(
		"tframe", i__3, "zzspkgp0_", (ftnlen)972)] > 0 && tframe[(
		i__3 = i__) < 20 && 0 <= i__3 ? i__3 : s_rnge("tframe", i__3, 
		"zzspkgp0_", (ftnlen)972)] <= 21 && tframe[(i__2 = i__ - 1) < 
		20 && 0 <= i__2 ? i__2 : s_rnge("tframe", i__2, "zzspkgp0_", (
		ftnlen)972)] > 0 && tframe[(i__2 = i__ - 1) < 20 && 0 <= i__2 
		? i__2 : s_rnge("tframe", i__2, "zzspkgp0_", (ftnlen)972)] <= 
		21) {
	    irfrot_(&tframe[(i__2 = i__ - 1) < 20 && 0 <= i__2 ? i__2 : 
		    s_rnge("tframe", i__2, "zzspkgp0_", (ftnlen)974)], &
		    tframe[(i__3 = i__) < 20 && 0 <= i__3 ? i__3 : s_rnge(
		    "tframe", i__3, "zzspkgp0_", (ftnlen)974)], rot);
	    mxv_(rot, &starg[(i__2 = i__ * 6 - 6) < 120 && 0 <= i__2 ? i__2 : 
		    s_rnge("starg", i__2, "zzspkgp0_", (ftnlen)975)], stemp);
	    vadd_(stemp, &starg[(i__2 = (i__ + 1) * 6 - 6) < 120 && 0 <= i__2 
		    ? i__2 : s_rnge("starg", i__2, "zzspkgp0_", (ftnlen)976)],
		     vtemp);
	    moved_(vtemp, &c__3, &starg[(i__2 = (i__ + 1) * 6 - 6) < 120 && 0 
		    <= i__2 ? i__2 : s_rnge("starg", i__2, "zzspkgp0_", (
		    ftnlen)977)]);
	} else {
	    zzrefch0_(&tframe[(i__2 = i__ - 1) < 20 && 0 <= i__2 ? i__2 : 
		    s_rnge("tframe", i__2, "zzspkgp0_", (ftnlen)981)], &
		    tframe[(i__3 = i__) < 20 && 0 <= i__3 ? i__3 : s_rnge(
		    "tframe", i__3, "zzspkgp0_", (ftnlen)981)], et, psxfrm);
	    if (failed_()) {
		chkout_("ZZSPKGP0", (ftnlen)8);
		return 0;
	    }
	    mxv_(psxfrm, &starg[(i__2 = i__ * 6 - 6) < 120 && 0 <= i__2 ? 
		    i__2 : s_rnge("starg", i__2, "zzspkgp0_", (ftnlen)988)], 
		    stemp);
	    vadd_(stemp, &starg[(i__2 = (i__ + 1) * 6 - 6) < 120 && 0 <= i__2 
		    ? i__2 : s_rnge("starg", i__2, "zzspkgp0_", (ftnlen)989)],
		     vtemp);
	    moved_(vtemp, &c__3, &starg[(i__2 = (i__ + 1) * 6 - 6) < 120 && 0 
		    <= i__2 ? i__2 : s_rnge("starg", i__2, "zzspkgp0_", (
		    ftnlen)990)]);
	}
    }

/*     To avoid unnecessary frame transformations we'll do */
/*     a bit of extra decision making here.  It's a lot */
/*     faster to make logical checks than it is to compute */
/*     frame transformations. */

    if (tframe[(i__1 = ctpos - 1) < 20 && 0 <= i__1 ? i__1 : s_rnge("tframe", 
	    i__1, "zzspkgp0_", (ftnlen)1003)] == cframe) {
	vsub_(&starg[(i__1 = ctpos * 6 - 6) < 120 && 0 <= i__1 ? i__1 : 
		s_rnge("starg", i__1, "zzspkgp0_", (ftnlen)1005)], sobs, pos);
    } else if (tframe[(i__1 = ctpos - 1) < 20 && 0 <= i__1 ? i__1 : s_rnge(
	    "tframe", i__1, "zzspkgp0_", (ftnlen)1007)] == refid) {

/*        If the last frame associated with the target is already */
/*        in the requested output frame, we convert the position of */
/*        the observer to that frame and then subtract the position */
/*        of the observer from the position of the target. */

	if (refid > 0 && refid <= 21 && cframe > 0 && cframe <= 21) {
	    irfrot_(&cframe, &refid, rot);
	    mxv_(rot, sobs, stemp);
	} else {
	    zzrefch0_(&cframe, &refid, et, psxfrm);
	    if (failed_()) {
		chkout_("ZZSPKGP0", (ftnlen)8);
		return 0;
	    }
	    mxv_(psxfrm, sobs, stemp);
	}

/*        We've now transformed SOBS into the requested reference frame. */
/*        Set CFRAME to reflect this. */

	cframe = refid;
	vsub_(&starg[(i__1 = ctpos * 6 - 6) < 120 && 0 <= i__1 ? i__1 : 
		s_rnge("starg", i__1, "zzspkgp0_", (ftnlen)1038)], stemp, pos)
		;
    } else if (cframe > 0 && cframe <= 21 && tframe[(i__1 = ctpos - 1) < 20 &&
	     0 <= i__1 ? i__1 : s_rnge("tframe", i__1, "zzspkgp0_", (ftnlen)
	    1041)] > 0 && tframe[(i__1 = ctpos - 1) < 20 && 0 <= i__1 ? i__1 :
	     s_rnge("tframe", i__1, "zzspkgp0_", (ftnlen)1041)] <= 21) {

/*        If both frames are inertial we use IRFROT instead of */
/*        ZZREFCH0 to get things into a common frame. */

	irfrot_(&tframe[(i__1 = ctpos - 1) < 20 && 0 <= i__1 ? i__1 : s_rnge(
		"tframe", i__1, "zzspkgp0_", (ftnlen)1047)], &cframe, rot);
	mxv_(rot, &starg[(i__1 = ctpos * 6 - 6) < 120 && 0 <= i__1 ? i__1 : 
		s_rnge("starg", i__1, "zzspkgp0_", (ftnlen)1048)], stemp);
	vsub_(stemp, sobs, pos);
    } else {

/*        Use the more general routine ZZREFCH0 to make the */
/*        transformation. */

	zzrefch0_(&tframe[(i__1 = ctpos - 1) < 20 && 0 <= i__1 ? i__1 : 
		s_rnge("tframe", i__1, "zzspkgp0_", (ftnlen)1056)], &cframe, 
		et, psxfrm);
	if (failed_()) {
	    chkout_("ZZSPKGP0", (ftnlen)8);
	    return 0;
	}
	mxv_(psxfrm, &starg[(i__1 = ctpos * 6 - 6) < 120 && 0 <= i__1 ? i__1 :
		 s_rnge("starg", i__1, "zzspkgp0_", (ftnlen)1063)], stemp);
	vsub_(stemp, sobs, pos);
    }

/*     Finally, rotate as needed into the requested frame. */

    if (cframe == refid) {

/*        We don't have to do anything in this case. */

    } else if (refid > 0 && refid <= 21 && cframe > 0 && cframe <= 21) {

/*        Since both frames are inertial, we use the more direct */
/*        routine IRFROT to get the transformation to REFID. */

	irfrot_(&cframe, &refid, rot);
	mxv_(rot, pos, stemp);
	moved_(stemp, &c__3, pos);
    } else {
	zzrefch0_(&cframe, &refid, et, psxfrm);
	if (failed_()) {
	    chkout_("ZZSPKGP0", (ftnlen)8);
	    return 0;
	}
	mxv_(psxfrm, pos, stemp);
	moved_(stemp, &c__3, pos);
    }
    *lt = vnorm_(pos) / clight_();
    chkout_("ZZSPKGP0", (ftnlen)8);
    return 0;
} /* zzspkgp0_ */