Example #1
0
/** Returns sectons in this header that contain all of the specified portion of the file. */
SgAsmGenericSectionPtrList
SgAsmGenericHeader::get_sections_by_offset(rose_addr_t offset, rose_addr_t size) const
{
    SgAsmGenericSectionPtrList retval;
    for (SgAsmGenericSectionPtrList::iterator i=p_sections->get_sections().begin(); i!=p_sections->get_sections().end(); ++i) {
        SgAsmGenericSection *section = *i;
        if (offset >= section->get_offset() &&
            offset < section->get_offset()+section->get_size() &&
            offset-section->get_offset() + size <= section->get_size())
            retval.push_back(section);
    }
    return retval;
}
Example #2
0
void
SgAsmGenericFile::shift_extend(SgAsmGenericSection *s, rose_addr_t sa, rose_addr_t sn, AddressSpace space, Elasticity elasticity)
{
    ROSE_ASSERT(s!=NULL);
    ROSE_ASSERT(s->get_file()==this);
    ROSE_ASSERT((space & (ADDRSP_FILE|ADDRSP_MEMORY)) != 0);

    const bool debug = false;
    static size_t ncalls=0;
    char p[256];

    if (debug) {
        const char *space_s="unknown";
        if (space & ADDRSP_FILE) {
            space_s = "file";
        } else if (space & ADDRSP_MEMORY) {
            space_s = "memory";
        }
        sprintf(p, "SgAsmGenericFile::shift_extend[%" PRIuPTR "]: ", ncalls++);
        fprintf(stderr, "%s    -- START --\n", p);
        fprintf(stderr, "%s    S = [%d] \"%s\"\n", p, s->get_id(), s->get_name()->get_string(true).c_str());
        fprintf(stderr, "%s    %s Sa=0x%08" PRIx64 " (%" PRIu64 "), Sn=0x%08" PRIx64 " (%" PRIu64 ")\n",
                p, space_s, sa, sa, sn, sn);
        fprintf(stderr, "%s    elasticity = %s\n", p, (ELASTIC_NONE==elasticity ? "none" :
                                                       ELASTIC_UNREF==elasticity ? "unref" :
                                                       ELASTIC_HOLE==elasticity ? "unref+holes" :
                                                       "unknown"));
    }

    /* No-op case */
    if (0==sa && 0==sn) {
        if (debug) {
            fprintf(stderr, "%s    No change necessary.\n", p);
            fprintf(stderr, "%s    -- END --\n", p);
        }
        return;
    }

    bool filespace = (space & ADDRSP_FILE)!=0;
    bool memspace = (space & ADDRSP_MEMORY)!=0;
    rose_addr_t align=1, aligned_sa, aligned_sasn;
    SgAsmGenericSectionPtrList neighbors, villagers;
    ExtentMap amap; /* address mappings for all extents */
    Extent sp;

    /* Get a list of all sections that may need to be adjusted. */
    SgAsmGenericSectionPtrList all;
    switch (elasticity) {
      case ELASTIC_NONE:
      case ELASTIC_UNREF:
        all = filespace ? get_sections() : get_mapped_sections();
        break;
      case ELASTIC_HOLE:
        all = filespace ? get_sections(false) : get_mapped_sections();
        break;
    }
    if (debug) {
        fprintf(stderr, "%s    Following sections are in 'all' set:\n", p);
        for (size_t i=0; i<all.size(); i++) {
            Extent ep;
            if (filespace) {
                ep = all[i]->get_file_extent();
            } else {
                ROSE_ASSERT(all[i]->is_mapped());
                ep = all[i]->get_mapped_preferred_extent();
            }
            fprintf(stderr, "%s        0x%08" PRIx64 " 0x%08" PRIx64 " 0x%08" PRIx64 " [%d] \"%s\"\n",
                    p, ep.relaxed_first(), ep.size(), ep.relaxed_first()+ep.size(), all[i]->get_id(),
                    all[i]->get_name()->get_string(true).c_str());
        }
    }

    for (size_t pass=0; pass<2; pass++) {
        if (debug) {
            fprintf(stderr, "%s    -- %s --\n",
                    p, 0==pass?"FIRST PASS":"******");
        }

        /* S offset and size in file or memory address space */
        if (filespace) {
            sp = s->get_file_extent();
        } else if (!memspace || !s->is_mapped()) {
            return; /*nothing to do*/
        } else {
            sp = s->get_mapped_preferred_extent();
        }

        /* Build address map */
        for (size_t i=0; i<all.size(); i++) {
            if (filespace) {
                amap.insert(all[i]->get_file_extent());
            } else {
                ROSE_ASSERT(all[i]->is_mapped());
                amap.insert(all[i]->get_mapped_preferred_extent());
            }
        }
        if (debug) {
            fprintf(stderr, "%s    Address map:\n", p);
            amap.dump_extents(stderr, (std::string(p)+"        ").c_str(), "amap");
            fprintf(stderr, "%s    Extent of S:\n", p);
            fprintf(stderr, "%s        start=0x%08" PRIx64 " size=0x%08" PRIx64 " end=0x%08" PRIx64 "\n",
                    p, sp.relaxed_first(), sp.size(), sp.relaxed_first()+sp.size());
        }

        /* Neighborhood (nhs) of S is a single extent. However, if S is zero size then nhs might be empty.  The neighborhood of
         * S is S plus all sections that overlap with S and all sections that are right-contiguous with S. */
        ExtentMap nhs_map;
        for (ExtentMap::iterator amapi=amap.begin(); amapi!=amap.end(); ++amapi) {
            if (amapi->first.relaxed_first() <= sp.relaxed_first()+sp.size() &&
                amapi->first.relaxed_first()+amapi->first.size() > sp.relaxed_first())
                nhs_map.insert(amapi->first, amapi->second);
        }
        if (debug) {
            fprintf(stderr, "%s    Neighborhood of S:\n", p);
            nhs_map.dump_extents(stderr, (std::string(p)+"        ").c_str(), "nhs_map");
        }
        Extent nhs;
        if (nhs_map.size()>0) {
            assert(nhs_map.nranges()==1);
            nhs = nhs_map.begin()->first;
        } else {
            nhs = sp;
        }

        /* What sections are in the neighborhood (including S), and right of the neighborhood? */
        neighbors.clear(); /*sections in neighborhood*/
        neighbors.push_back(s);
        villagers.clear(); /*sections right of neighborhood*/
        if (debug)
            fprintf(stderr, "%s    Ignoring left (L) sections:\n", p);
        for (size_t i=0; i<all.size(); i++) {
            SgAsmGenericSection *a = all[i];
            if (a==s) continue; /*already pushed onto neighbors*/
            Extent ap;
            if (filespace) {
                ap = a->get_file_extent();
            } else if (!a->is_mapped()) {
                continue;
            } else {
                ap = a->get_mapped_preferred_extent();
            }
            switch (ExtentMap::category(ap, nhs)) {
              case 'L':
                if (debug)
                    fprintf(stderr, "%s        L 0x%08" PRIx64 " 0x%08" PRIx64 " 0x%08" PRIx64 " [%d] \"%s\"\n",
                            p, ap.relaxed_first(), ap.size(), ap.relaxed_first()+ap.size(),
                            a->get_id(), a->get_name()->get_string(true).c_str());
                break;
              case 'R':
                  if (ap.relaxed_first()==nhs.relaxed_first()+nhs.size() && 0==ap.size()) {
                    /* Empty sections immediately right of the neighborhood of S should actually be considered part of the
                     * neighborhood rather than right of it. */
                    neighbors.push_back(a);
                } else if (elasticity!=ELASTIC_NONE) {
                    /* If holes are elastic then treat things right of the hole as being part of the right village; otherwise
                     * add those sections to the neighborhood of S even though they fall outside 'nhs' (it's OK because this
                     * partitioning of sections is the only thing we use 'nhs' for anyway. */
                    villagers.push_back(a);
                } else if ('L'==ExtentMap::category(ap, sp)) {
                    /*ignore sections left of S*/
                } else {
                    neighbors.push_back(a);
                }
                break;
              default:
                if ('L'!=ExtentMap::category(ap, sp)) /*ignore sections left of S*/
                    neighbors.push_back(a);
                break;
            }
        }
        if (debug) {
            fprintf(stderr, "%s    Neighbors:\n", p);
            for (size_t i=0; i<neighbors.size(); i++) {
                SgAsmGenericSection *a = neighbors[i];
                Extent ap = filespace ? a->get_file_extent() : a->get_mapped_preferred_extent();
                rose_addr_t align = filespace ? a->get_file_alignment() : a->get_mapped_alignment();
                char cat = ExtentMap::category(ap, sp);
                fprintf(stderr, "%s        %c %c0x%08" PRIx64 " 0x%08" PRIx64 " 0x%08" PRIx64,
                        p, cat, 0==ap.relaxed_first() % (align?align:1) ? ' ' : '!',
                        ap.relaxed_first(), ap.size(), ap.relaxed_first()+ap.size());
                if (strchr("RICE", cat)) {
                    fprintf(stderr, " align=0x%08" PRIx64, align);
                } else {
                    fputs("                 ", stderr);
                }
                fprintf(stderr, " [%2d] \"%s\"\n", a->get_id(), a->get_name()->get_string(true).c_str());
            }
            if (villagers.size()>0) fprintf(stderr, "%s    Villagers:\n", p);
            for (size_t i=0; i<villagers.size(); i++) {
                SgAsmGenericSection *a = villagers[i];
                Extent ap = filespace ? a->get_file_extent() : a->get_mapped_preferred_extent();
                rose_addr_t align = filespace ? a->get_file_alignment() : a->get_mapped_alignment();
                fprintf(stderr, "%s        %c %c0x%08" PRIx64 " 0x%08" PRIx64 " 0x%08" PRIx64,
                        p, ExtentMap::category(ap, sp), /*cat should always be R*/
                        0==ap.relaxed_first() % (align?align:1) ? ' ' : '!',
                        ap.relaxed_first(), ap.size(), ap.relaxed_first()+ap.size());
                fputs("                 ", stderr);
                fprintf(stderr, " [%2d] \"%s\"\n", a->get_id(), a->get_name()->get_string(true).c_str());
            }
        }

        /* Adjust Sa to satisfy all alignment constraints in neighborhood(S) for sections that will move (cats R, I, C, and E). */
        align = 1;
        for (size_t i=0; i<neighbors.size(); i++) {
            SgAsmGenericSection *a = neighbors[i];
            Extent ap = filespace ? a->get_file_extent() : a->get_mapped_preferred_extent();
            if (strchr("RICE", ExtentMap::category(ap, sp))) {
                rose_addr_t x = filespace ? a->get_file_alignment() : a->get_mapped_alignment();
#if BOOST_VERSION < 106900
                align = boost::math::lcm(align, x?x:1); // deprecated in boost-1.69.0
#else
                align = boost::integer::lcm(align, x?x:1); // not present before boost-1.60.0
#endif
            }
        }
        aligned_sa = (sa/align + (sa%align?1:0))*align;
        aligned_sasn = ((sa+sn)/align + ((sa+sn)%align?1:0))*align;
        if (debug) {
            fprintf(stderr, "%s    Alignment LCM = 0x%08" PRIx64 " (%" PRIu64 ")\n", p, align, align);
            fprintf(stderr, "%s    Aligned Sa    = 0x%08" PRIx64 " (%" PRIu64 ")\n", p, aligned_sa, aligned_sa);
            fprintf(stderr, "%s    Aligned Sa+Sn = 0x%08" PRIx64 " (%" PRIu64 ")\n", p, aligned_sasn, aligned_sasn);
        }

        /* Are there any sections to the right of neighborhood(S)? If so, find the one with the lowest start address and use
         * that to define the size of the hole right of neighborhood(S). */
        if (0==villagers.size()) break;
        SgAsmGenericSection *after_hole = NULL;
        Extent hp(0, 0);
        for (size_t i=0; i<villagers.size(); i++) {
            SgAsmGenericSection *a = villagers[i];
            Extent ap = filespace ? a->get_file_extent() : a->get_mapped_preferred_extent();
            if (!after_hole || ap.relaxed_first()<hp.relaxed_first()) {
                after_hole = a;
                hp = ap;
            }
        }
        ROSE_ASSERT(after_hole);
        ROSE_ASSERT(hp.relaxed_first() > nhs.relaxed_first()+nhs.size());
        rose_addr_t hole_size = hp.relaxed_first() - (nhs.relaxed_first()+nhs.size());
        if (debug) {
            fprintf(stderr, "%s    hole size = 0x%08" PRIx64 " (%" PRIu64 "); need 0x%08" PRIx64 " (%" PRIu64 "); %s\n",
                    p, hole_size, hole_size, aligned_sasn, aligned_sasn,
                    hole_size>=aligned_sasn ? "large enough" : "not large enough");
        }
        if (hole_size >= aligned_sasn) break;
        rose_addr_t need_more = aligned_sasn - hole_size;

        /* Hole is not large enough. We need to recursively move things that are right of our neighborhood, then recompute the
         * all-sections address map and neighborhood(S). */
        ROSE_ASSERT(0==pass); /*logic problem since the recursive call should have enlarged the hole enough*/
        if (debug) {
            fprintf(stderr, "%s    Calling recursively to increase hole size by 0x%08" PRIx64 " (%" PRIu64 ") bytes\n",
                    p, need_more, need_more);
        }
        shift_extend(after_hole, need_more, 0, space, elasticity);
        if (debug) fprintf(stderr, "%s    Returned from recursive call\n", p);
    }

    /* Consider sections that are in the same neighborhood as S */
    if (debug) fprintf(stderr, "%s    -- ADJUSTING --\n", p);
    bool resized_mem = false;
    for (size_t i=0; i<neighbors.size(); i++) {
        SgAsmGenericSection *a = neighbors[i];
        Extent ap = filespace ? a->get_file_extent() : a->get_mapped_preferred_extent();
        switch (ExtentMap::category(ap, sp)) {
          case 'L':
            break;
          case 'R':
            if (filespace) {
                a->set_offset(a->get_offset()+aligned_sasn);
            } else {
                a->set_mapped_preferred_rva(a->get_mapped_preferred_rva()+aligned_sasn);
            }
            break;
          case 'C': /*including S itself*/
          case 'E':
            if (filespace) {
                a->set_offset(a->get_offset()+aligned_sa);
                a->set_size(a->get_size()+sn);
                if (memspace && !resized_mem && a->is_mapped()) {
                    shift_extend(a, 0, sn, ADDRSP_MEMORY, elasticity);
                    resized_mem = true;
                }
            } else {
                a->set_mapped_preferred_rva(a->get_mapped_preferred_rva()+aligned_sa);
                a->set_mapped_size(a->get_mapped_size()+sn);
            }
            break;
          case 'O':
              if (ap.relaxed_first()==sp.relaxed_first()) {
                if (filespace) {
                    a->set_offset(a->get_offset()+aligned_sa);
                    a->set_size(a->get_size()+sn);
                } else {
                    a->set_mapped_preferred_rva(a->get_mapped_preferred_rva()+aligned_sa);
                    a->set_mapped_size(a->get_mapped_size()+sn);
                }
            } else {
                if (filespace) {
                    a->set_size(a->get_size()+aligned_sasn);
                    if (memspace && !resized_mem && a->is_mapped()) {
                        shift_extend(a, 0, aligned_sasn, ADDRSP_MEMORY, elasticity);
                        resized_mem = true;
                    }
                } else {
                    a->set_mapped_size(a->get_mapped_size()+aligned_sasn);
                }
            }
            break;
          case 'I':
            if (filespace) {
                a->set_offset(a->get_offset()+aligned_sa);
            } else {
                a->set_mapped_preferred_rva(a->get_mapped_preferred_rva()+aligned_sa);
            }
            break;
          case 'B':
            if (filespace) {
                a->set_size(a->get_size()+sn);
                if (memspace && !resized_mem && a->is_mapped()) {
                    shift_extend(a, 0, sn, ADDRSP_MEMORY, elasticity);
                    resized_mem = true;
                }
            } else {
                a->set_mapped_size(a->get_size()+sn);
            }
            break;
          default:
            ROSE_ASSERT(!"invalid extent category");
            break;
        }
        if (debug) {
            const char *space_name = filespace ? "file" : "mem";
            rose_addr_t x = filespace ? a->get_file_alignment() : a->get_mapped_alignment();
            fprintf(stderr, "%s   %4s-%c %c0x%08" PRIx64 " 0x%08" PRIx64 " 0x%08" PRIx64,
                    p, space_name, ExtentMap::category(ap, sp),
                    0==ap.relaxed_first()%(x?x:1)?' ':'!',
                    ap.relaxed_first(), ap.size(), ap.relaxed_first()+ap.size());
            Extent newap = filespace ? a->get_file_extent() : a->get_mapped_preferred_extent();
            fprintf(stderr, " -> %c0x%08" PRIx64 " 0x%08" PRIx64 " 0x%08" PRIx64,
                    0==newap.relaxed_first()%(x?x:1)?' ':'!',
                    newap.relaxed_first(), newap.size(), newap.relaxed_first()+newap.size());
            fprintf(stderr, " [%2d] \"%s\"\n", a->get_id(), a->get_name()->get_string(true).c_str());
        }
    }
    if (debug) fprintf(stderr, "%s    -- END --\n", p);
}
Example #3
0
void
SgAsmGenericFile::dump(FILE *f) const
{
    fprintf(f, "Encoding: %s\n", get_data_converter() ? escapeString(get_data_converter()->name()).c_str() : "none");

    SgAsmGenericSectionPtrList sections = get_sections();
    if (sections.size()==0) {
        fprintf(f, "No sections defined for file.\n");
        return;
    }

    /* Sort sections by offset (lowest to highest), then size (largest to smallest but zero-sized entries first) */
    for (size_t i = 1; i < sections.size(); i++) {
        for (size_t j=0; j<i; j++) {
            if (sections[j]->get_offset() == sections[i]->get_offset()) {
                rose_addr_t size_i = sections[i]->get_size();
                if (0==size_i) size_i = ~(rose_addr_t)0;
                rose_addr_t size_j = sections[j]->get_size();
                if (0==size_j) size_j = ~(rose_addr_t)0;
                if (size_j < size_i) {
                    SgAsmGenericSection *x = sections[j];
                    sections[j] = sections[i];
                    sections[i] = x;
                }
            } else if (sections[j]->get_offset() > sections[i]->get_offset()) {
                SgAsmGenericSection *x = sections[j];
                sections[j] = sections[i];
                sections[i] = x;
            }
        }
    }

    /* Print results */
    fprintf(f, "File sections:\n");
    fprintf(f, "  Flg File-Addr  File-Size  File-End    Base-VA    Start-RVA  Virt-Size  End-RVA    Perm  ID Name\n");
    fprintf(f, "  --- ---------- ---------- ----------  ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ---- --- -----------------\n");
    rose_addr_t high_water = 0;
    for (size_t i=0; i<sections.size(); i++) {
        SgAsmGenericSection *section = sections[i];

        /* Does section overlap with any other (before or after)? */
        char overlap[4] = "   "; /* status characters: overlap prior, overlap subsequent, hole */
        for (size_t j=0; overlap[0]==' ' && j<i; j++) {
            if (sections[j]->get_offset()+sections[j]->get_size() > section->get_offset()) {
                overlap[0] = '<';
            }
        }
        for (size_t j=i+1; overlap[1]==' ' && j<sections.size(); j++) {
            if (section->get_offset()+section->get_size() > sections[j]->get_offset()) {
                overlap[1] = '>';
            }
        }

        /* Is there a hole before section[i]? */
        if (high_water < section->get_offset()) {
            overlap[2] = 'H'; /* truly unaccounted region of the file */
        } else if (i>0 && sections[i-1]->get_offset()+sections[i-1]->get_size() < section->get_offset()) {
            overlap[2] = 'h'; /* unaccounted only if overlaps are not allowed */
        }
        high_water = std::max(high_water, section->get_offset() + section->get_size());
        fprintf(f, "  %3s", overlap);

        /* File addresses */
        fprintf(f, "%c0x%08" PRIx64 " 0x%08" PRIx64 " 0x%08" PRIx64,
                section->get_file_alignment()==0 || section->get_offset()%section->get_file_alignment()==0?' ':'!',
                section->get_offset(), section->get_size(), section->get_offset()+section->get_size());

        /* Mapped addresses */
        if (section->is_mapped()) {
            fprintf(f, " %c0x%08" PRIx64 " 0x%08" PRIx64 " 0x%08" PRIx64 " 0x%08" PRIx64,
                    (section->get_mapped_alignment()==0 ||
                     section->get_mapped_preferred_rva()%section->get_mapped_alignment()==0?' ':'!'),
                    section->get_base_va(), section->get_mapped_preferred_rva(), section->get_mapped_size(),
                    section->get_mapped_preferred_rva()+section->get_mapped_size());
        } else {
            fprintf(f, " %*s", 4*11, "");
        }

        /* Permissions */
        if (section->is_mapped()) {
            fprintf(f, " %c%c%c ",
                    section->get_mapped_rperm()?'r':'-',
                    section->get_mapped_wperm()?'w':'-',
                    section->get_mapped_xperm()?'x':'-');
        } else {
            fputs("     ", f);
        }

        /* Section ID, name */
        if (section->get_id()>=0) {
            fprintf(f, " %3d", section->get_id());
        } else {
            fputs("    ", f);
        }
        fprintf(f, " %s\n", section->get_name()->get_string(true).c_str());
    }

    char overlap[4] = "   ";
    if (high_water < get_current_size()) {
        overlap[2] = 'H';
    } else if (sections.back()->get_offset() + sections.back()->get_size() < get_current_size()) {
        overlap[2] = 'h';
    }
    fprintf(f, "  %3s 0x%08" PRIx64 "%*s EOF", overlap, get_current_size(), 76, "");
    if (get_current_size()!=p_data.size())
        fprintf(f, " (original EOF was 0x%08zx)", p_data.size());
    if (get_truncate_zeros())
        fputs(" [ztrunc]", f);
    fputc('\n', f);
    fprintf(f, "  --- ---------- ---------- ----------  ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ---- --- -----------------\n");

    /* Show what part of the file has not been referenced */
    AddressIntervalSet holes = get_unreferenced_extents();
    if (holes.size()>0) {
        fprintf(f, "These parts of the file have not been referenced during parsing:\n");
        BOOST_FOREACH (const AddressInterval &interval, holes.intervals()) {
            std::ostringstream ss;
            using namespace StringUtility;
            ss <<"    " <<toHex(interval.least()) <<" + " <<toHex(interval.size()) <<" = " <<toHex(interval.greatest()+1) <<"\n";
            fputs(ss.str().c_str(), f);
        }
    }
Example #4
0
/* Maps the sections of a single header. */
void
BinaryLoader::remap(MemoryMap *map, SgAsmGenericHeader *header)
{
    SgAsmGenericFile *file = header->get_file();
    ASSERT_not_null(file);

    Stream trace(mlog[TRACE]);

    trace <<"remapping sections of " <<header->get_file()->get_name() <<"\n";
    SgAsmGenericSectionPtrList sections = get_remap_sections(header);

    rose_addr_t old_base_va = header->get_base_va();
    rose_addr_t new_base_va = rebase(map, header, sections);
    if (new_base_va != old_base_va) {
        trace <<"  temporarily rebasing header from " <<StringUtility::addrToString(old_base_va)
              <<" to " <<StringUtility::addrToString(new_base_va) <<"\n";
        header->set_base_va(new_base_va);
    }

    try {
        for (SgAsmGenericSectionPtrList::iterator si=sections.begin(); si!=sections.end(); ++si) {
            SgAsmGenericSection *section = *si;
            section->set_mapped_actual_va(0); /*reset in case previously mapped*/

            if (trace) {
                trace <<"  mapping section [" <<section->get_id() <<"] \"" <<section->get_name()->get_string(true) <<"\"";
                if (section->get_base_va()!=0)
                    trace <<" with base va " <<StringUtility::addrToString(section->get_base_va());
                trace <<"\n";
                trace <<"    Specified RVA:       " <<StringUtility::addrToString(section->get_mapped_preferred_rva())
                      <<" + " <<StringUtility::addrToString(section->get_mapped_size()) <<" bytes"
                      <<" = " <<StringUtility::addrToString(section->get_mapped_preferred_rva()+section->get_mapped_size())
                      <<"\n";
                if (section->get_base_va()!=0) {
                    trace <<"    Specified  VA:       "
                          <<StringUtility::addrToString(section->get_base_va() + section->get_mapped_preferred_rva()) <<" + "
                          <<StringUtility::addrToString(section->get_mapped_size()) <<" bytes = "
                          <<StringUtility::addrToString(section->get_base_va() + section->get_mapped_preferred_rva() +
                                                        section->get_mapped_size()) <<"\n";
                }
                trace <<"    Specified offset:    "
                      <<StringUtility::addrToString(section->get_offset()) <<" + "
                      <<StringUtility::addrToString(section->get_size()) <<" bytes = "
                      <<StringUtility::addrToString(section->get_offset()+section->get_size()) <<"\n";
                trace <<"    Specified alignment: memory=[" <<section->get_mapped_alignment() <<","
                      <<section->get_mapped_alignment() <<"], file=["
                      <<section->get_file_alignment() <<"," <<section->get_file_alignment() <<"]\n";
            }

            /* Figure out alignment, etc. */
            rose_addr_t malign_lo=1, malign_hi=1, va=0, mem_size=0, offset=0, file_size=0, va_offset=0;
            bool anon_lo=true, anon_hi=true, map_private=false;
            ConflictResolution resolve = RESOLVE_THROW;
            MappingContribution contrib = align_values(section, map,                      /* inputs */
                                                       &malign_lo, &malign_hi,            /* alignment outputs */
                                                       &va, &mem_size,                    /* memory location outputs */
                                                       &offset, &file_size, &map_private, /* file location outputs */
                                                       &va_offset, &anon_lo, &anon_hi,    /* internal location outputs */
                                                       &resolve);                         /* conflict resolution output */
            rose_addr_t falign_lo = std::max(section->get_file_alignment(), (rose_addr_t)1);
            rose_addr_t falign_hi = falign_lo;

            if (trace) {
                if (CONTRIBUTE_NONE==contrib || 0==mem_size) {
                    trace <<"    Does not contribute to map\n";
                } else {
                    trace <<"    Adjusted alignment:  memory=["
                          <<malign_lo <<"," <<malign_hi <<"], file=[" <<falign_lo <<"," <<falign_hi <<"]\n";
                    trace <<"    Aligned VA:          "
                          <<StringUtility::addrToString(va) <<" + "
                          <<StringUtility::addrToString(mem_size) <<" bytes = "
                          <<StringUtility::addrToString(va+mem_size);
                    if (section->get_base_va()+section->get_mapped_preferred_rva()==va &&
                        section->get_mapped_size()==mem_size) {
                        trace <<" (no change)\n";
                    } else {
                        trace <<"\n";
                    }
                    if (va < new_base_va) {
                        trace <<"    WARNING: aligned va " <<StringUtility::addrToString(va) <<" is less than "
                              <<(new_base_va==old_base_va?"":"temporary ") <<"base va "
                              <<StringUtility::addrToString(new_base_va) <<"\n";
                    }
                    if (CONTRIBUTE_ADD==contrib) {
                        trace <<"    Aligned offset:      " <<StringUtility::addrToString(offset) <<" + "
                              <<StringUtility::addrToString(file_size) <<" bytes = "
                              <<StringUtility::addrToString(offset+file_size)
                              <<(section->get_offset()==offset && section->get_size()==file_size ? " (no change)\n" : "\n");
                        trace <<"    Permissions:         "
                              <<(section->get_mapped_rperm()?'r':'-')
                              <<(section->get_mapped_wperm()?'w':'-')
                              <<(section->get_mapped_xperm()?'x':'-') <<"\n";
                        trace <<"    Internal offset:     " <<StringUtility::addrToString(va_offset)
                              <<" (va " <<StringUtility::addrToString(va+va_offset) <<")\n";
                    }
                }
            }

            /* Sanity checks */
            if (CONTRIBUTE_NONE==contrib || 0==mem_size)
                continue;
            ASSERT_require(va_offset<mem_size);
            if (file_size>mem_size) file_size = mem_size;
            ASSERT_require(va + va_offset >= header->get_base_va());
            if (trace) {
                trace <<"    Current memory map (before we map this section)\n";
                map->dump(trace, "        ");
            }

            /* Erase part of the mapping? */
            if (CONTRIBUTE_SUB==contrib) {
                trace <<"    Subtracting contribution\n";
                map->erase(AddressInterval::baseSize(va, mem_size));
                continue;
            }

            /* Resolve mapping conflicts.  The new mapping may have multiple parts, so we test whether all those parts can be
             * mapped by first mapping a region and then removing it.  In this way we can perform the test atomically rather
             * than trying to undo the parts that had been successful. Allocating a large region does not actually allocate any
             * memory. */
            try {
                map->insert(AddressInterval::baseSize(va, mem_size), MemoryMap::Segment::nullInstance(mem_size));
                map->erase(AddressInterval::baseSize(va, mem_size));
            } catch (const MemoryMap::Exception&) {
                switch (resolve) {
                    case RESOLVE_THROW:
                        throw;
                    case RESOLVE_OVERMAP:
                        trace <<"    Conflict: resolved by making a hole\n";
                        map->erase(AddressInterval::baseSize(va, mem_size));
                        break;
                    case RESOLVE_REMAP:
                    case RESOLVE_REMAP_ABOVE: {
                        trace <<"    Unable to map entire desired region.\n";
                        AddressInterval where = AddressInterval::hull(RESOLVE_REMAP_ABOVE==resolve ? va : 0,
                                                                      AddressInterval::whole().greatest());
                        rose_addr_t new_va = 0;
                        if (!map->findFreeSpace(mem_size, malign_lo, where).assignTo(new_va)) {
                            throw MemoryMap::NoFreeSpace("unable to allocate space in specimen memory map",
                                                         map, mem_size);
                        }
                        ASSERT_require2(0 == (new_va+mem_size) % malign_hi, "FIXME: not handled yet [RPM 2010-09-03]");
                        va = new_va;
                        trace <<"    Relocated to VA:     " <<StringUtility::addrToString(va) <<" + "
                              <<StringUtility::addrToString(mem_size) <<" bytes = "
                              <<StringUtility::addrToString(va + mem_size) <<"\n";
                        break;
                    }
                }
            }

            /* Save the virtual address where this section is (will be) mapped.  When a section is mapped more than once
             * (perfectly legal to do so) only the last mapping is saved. */
            section->set_mapped_actual_va(va + va_offset);

            /* Permissions */
            unsigned mapperms=0;
            if (section->get_mapped_rperm())
                mapperms |= MemoryMap::READABLE;
            if (section->get_mapped_wperm())
                mapperms |= MemoryMap::WRITABLE;
            if (section->get_mapped_xperm())
                mapperms |= MemoryMap::EXECUTABLE;

            /* Segment name for debugging. This is the file base name and section name concatenated. */
            std::string::size_type file_basename_pos = file->get_name().find_last_of("/");
            file_basename_pos = file_basename_pos==file->get_name().npos ? 0 : file_basename_pos+1;
            std::string melmt_name = file->get_name().substr(file_basename_pos) + "(" + section->get_name()->get_string() + ")";
            trace <<"    Map element name: " <<escapeString(melmt_name) <<"\n";

            /* Anonymously map the part of memory beyond the physical end of the file */
            SgAsmGenericFile *file = section->get_file();
            rose_addr_t total = file->get_data().size(); /*total size of file*/
            if (offset+mem_size > total) {
                rose_addr_t n, a;
                if (offset >= total) {
                    /* starts beyond EOF */
                    n = mem_size;
                    a = va;
                } else {
                    /* overlaps EOF */
                    n = (offset + mem_size) - total;
                    a = va + total - offset;
                }
                trace <<"    Mapping part beyond EOF(" <<StringUtility::addrToString(total) <<"):      "
                      <<"va=" <<StringUtility::addrToString(a) <<" + " <<StringUtility::addrToString(n) <<" = "
                      <<StringUtility::addrToString(a+n) <<"\n";
                map->insert(AddressInterval::baseSize(a, n),
                            MemoryMap::Segment::anonymousInstance(n, mapperms|MemoryMap::PRIVATE, melmt_name));
                mem_size -= n;
                file_size = std::min(file_size, mem_size);
            }

            /* Anonymously map the part of memory beyond the part of file */
            if (anon_hi && mem_size>file_size) {
                rose_addr_t n = mem_size - file_size;
                rose_addr_t a = va + file_size;
                trace <<"    Mapping part beyond end of section:        va="
                      <<StringUtility::addrToString(a) <<" + " <<StringUtility::addrToString(n) <<" = "
                      <<StringUtility::addrToString(a+n) <<"\n";
                map->insert(AddressInterval::baseSize(a, n),
                            MemoryMap::Segment::anonymousInstance(n, mapperms|MemoryMap::PRIVATE, melmt_name));
                mem_size -= n;
            }

            /* Anonymously map the part of memory before the section */
            if (anon_lo && va_offset>0 && mem_size>0) {
                rose_addr_t n = va_offset - va;
                rose_addr_t a = va;
                trace <<"    Mapping part before beginning of section: va="
                      <<StringUtility::addrToString(a) <<" + " <<StringUtility::addrToString(n) <<" = "
                      <<StringUtility::addrToString(a+n) <<"\n";
                map->insert(AddressInterval::baseSize(a, n),
                            MemoryMap::Segment::anonymousInstance(n, mapperms|MemoryMap::PRIVATE, melmt_name));
                mem_size -= n;
                file_size -= n;
                va += n;
                offset += n;
            }

            /* Map the section. We use the file content as the underlying storage of the map because we might be mapping parts of
             * the file left and right of the actual section. */
            if (mem_size>0) {
                trace <<"    Mapping section:                          va="
                      <<StringUtility::addrToString(va) <<" + " <<StringUtility::addrToString(mem_size) <<" = "
                      <<StringUtility::addrToString(va+mem_size) <<" "
                      <<(map_private?"private":"shared") <<"\n";
                if (map_private) {
                    map->insert(AddressInterval::baseSize(va, mem_size),
                                MemoryMap::Segment::anonymousInstance(mem_size, mapperms|MemoryMap::PRIVATE,
                                                                      melmt_name));
                    map->at(va).limit(mem_size).write(&file->get_data()[offset]);
                } else {
                    // Create the buffer, but the buffer should not take ownership of data from the file.
                    map->insert(AddressInterval::baseSize(va, mem_size),
                                MemoryMap::Segment(MemoryMap::StaticBuffer::instance(&file->get_data()[0],
                                                                                     file->get_data().size()),
                                                   offset, mapperms, melmt_name));
                }
            }

            if (trace) {
                trace <<"    After mapping this section:\n";
                map->dump(trace, "      ");
            }
        }
        header->set_base_va(old_base_va);
    } catch(...) {
        header->set_base_va(old_base_va);
        throw;
    }
}