Exemple #1
0
/*
 * _hash_convert_tuple - convert raw index data to hash key
 *
 * Inputs: values and isnull arrays for the user data column(s)
 * Outputs: values and isnull arrays for the index tuple, suitable for
 *		passing to index_form_tuple().
 *
 * Returns true if successful, false if not (because there are null values).
 * On a false result, the given data need not be indexed.
 *
 * Note: callers know that the index-column arrays are always of length 1.
 * In principle, there could be more than one input column, though we do not
 * currently support that.
 */
bool
_hash_convert_tuple(Relation index,
					Datum *user_values, bool *user_isnull,
					Datum *index_values, bool *index_isnull)
{
	uint32		hashkey;

	/*
	 * We do not insert null values into hash indexes.  This is okay because
	 * the only supported search operator is '=', and we assume it is strict.
	 */
	if (user_isnull[0])
		return false;

	hashkey = _hash_datum2hashkey(index, user_values[0]);
	index_values[0] = UInt32GetDatum(hashkey);
	index_isnull[0] = false;
	return true;
}
Exemple #2
0
/*
 * _hash_form_tuple - form an index tuple containing hash code only
 */
IndexTuple
_hash_form_tuple(Relation index, Datum *values, bool *isnull)
{
	IndexTuple	itup;
	uint32		hashkey;
	Datum		hashkeydatum;
	TupleDesc	hashdesc;

	if (isnull[0])
		hashkeydatum = (Datum) 0;
	else
	{
		hashkey = _hash_datum2hashkey(index, values[0]);
		hashkeydatum = UInt32GetDatum(hashkey);
	}
	hashdesc = RelationGetDescr(index);
	Assert(hashdesc->natts == 1);
	itup = index_form_tuple(hashdesc, &hashkeydatum, isnull);
	return itup;
}
Exemple #3
0
/*
 *	_hash_first() -- Find the first item in a scan.
 *
 *		Find the first item in the index that
 *		satisfies the qualification associated with the scan descriptor. On
 *		success, the page containing the current index tuple is read locked
 *		and pinned, and the scan's opaque data entry is updated to
 *		include the buffer.
 */
bool
_hash_first(IndexScanDesc scan, ScanDirection dir)
{
	Relation	rel = scan->indexRelation;
	HashScanOpaque so = (HashScanOpaque) scan->opaque;
	uint32		hashkey;
	Bucket		bucket;
	BlockNumber blkno;
	Buffer		buf;
	Buffer		metabuf;
	Page		page;
	HashPageOpaque opaque;
	HashMetaPage metap;
	IndexTuple	itup;
	ItemPointer current;
	OffsetNumber offnum;

	MIRROREDLOCK_BUFMGR_MUST_ALREADY_BE_HELD;

	pgstat_count_index_scan(rel);

	current = &(scan->currentItemData);
	ItemPointerSetInvalid(current);

	/*
	 * We do not support hash scans with no index qualification, because we
	 * would have to read the whole index rather than just one bucket. That
	 * creates a whole raft of problems, since we haven't got a practical way
	 * to lock all the buckets against splits or compactions.
	 */
	if (scan->numberOfKeys < 1)
		ereport(ERROR,
				(errcode(ERRCODE_FEATURE_NOT_SUPPORTED),
				 errmsg("hash indexes do not support whole-index scans")));

	/*
	 * If the constant in the index qual is NULL, assume it cannot match any
	 * items in the index.
	 */
	if (scan->keyData[0].sk_flags & SK_ISNULL)
		return false;

	/*
	 * Okay to compute the hash key.  We want to do this before acquiring any
	 * locks, in case a user-defined hash function happens to be slow.
	 */
	hashkey = _hash_datum2hashkey(rel, scan->keyData[0].sk_argument);

	/*
	 * Acquire shared split lock so we can compute the target bucket safely
	 * (see README).
	 */
	_hash_getlock(rel, 0, HASH_SHARE);

	/* Read the metapage */
	metabuf = _hash_getbuf(rel, HASH_METAPAGE, HASH_READ);
	_hash_checkpage(rel, metabuf, LH_META_PAGE);
	metap = (HashMetaPage) BufferGetPage(metabuf);

	/*
	 * Compute the target bucket number, and convert to block number.
	 */
	bucket = _hash_hashkey2bucket(hashkey,
								  metap->hashm_maxbucket,
								  metap->hashm_highmask,
								  metap->hashm_lowmask);

	blkno = BUCKET_TO_BLKNO(metap, bucket);

	/* done with the metapage */
	_hash_relbuf(rel, metabuf);

	/*
	 * Acquire share lock on target bucket; then we can release split lock.
	 */
	_hash_getlock(rel, blkno, HASH_SHARE);

	_hash_droplock(rel, 0, HASH_SHARE);

	/* Update scan opaque state to show we have lock on the bucket */
	so->hashso_bucket = bucket;
	so->hashso_bucket_valid = true;
	so->hashso_bucket_blkno = blkno;

	/* Fetch the primary bucket page for the bucket */
	buf = _hash_getbuf(rel, blkno, HASH_READ);
	_hash_checkpage(rel, buf, LH_BUCKET_PAGE);
	page = BufferGetPage(buf);
	opaque = (HashPageOpaque) PageGetSpecialPointer(page);
	Assert(opaque->hasho_bucket == bucket);

	/* If a backwards scan is requested, move to the end of the chain */
	if (ScanDirectionIsBackward(dir))
	{
		while (BlockNumberIsValid(opaque->hasho_nextblkno))
			_hash_readnext(rel, &buf, &page, &opaque);
	}

	/* Now find the first tuple satisfying the qualification */
	if (!_hash_step(scan, &buf, dir))
		return false;

	/* if we're here, _hash_step found a valid tuple */
	offnum = ItemPointerGetOffsetNumber(current);
	_hash_checkpage(rel, buf, LH_BUCKET_PAGE | LH_OVERFLOW_PAGE);
	page = BufferGetPage(buf);
	itup = (IndexTuple) PageGetItem(page, PageGetItemId(page, offnum));
	scan->xs_ctup.t_self = itup->t_tid;

	return true;
}
Exemple #4
0
/*
 *	_hash_first() -- Find the first item in a scan.
 *
 *		Find the first item in the index that
 *		satisfies the qualification associated with the scan descriptor. On
 *		success, the page containing the current index tuple is read locked
 *		and pinned, and the scan's opaque data entry is updated to
 *		include the buffer.
 */
bool
_hash_first(IndexScanDesc scan, ScanDirection dir)
{
	Relation	rel = scan->indexRelation;
	HashScanOpaque so = (HashScanOpaque) scan->opaque;
	ScanKey		cur;
	uint32		hashkey;
	Bucket		bucket;
	BlockNumber blkno;
	Buffer		buf;
	Buffer		metabuf;
	Page		page;
	HashPageOpaque opaque;
	HashMetaPage metap;
	IndexTuple	itup;
	ItemPointer current;
	OffsetNumber offnum;

	pgstat_count_index_scan(rel);

	current = &(so->hashso_curpos);
	ItemPointerSetInvalid(current);

	/*
	 * We do not support hash scans with no index qualification, because we
	 * would have to read the whole index rather than just one bucket. That
	 * creates a whole raft of problems, since we haven't got a practical way
	 * to lock all the buckets against splits or compactions.
	 */
	if (scan->numberOfKeys < 1)
		ereport(ERROR,
				(errcode(ERRCODE_FEATURE_NOT_SUPPORTED),
				 errmsg("hash indexes do not support whole-index scans")));

	/* There may be more than one index qual, but we hash only the first */
	cur = &scan->keyData[0];

	/* We support only single-column hash indexes */
	Assert(cur->sk_attno == 1);
	/* And there's only one operator strategy, too */
	Assert(cur->sk_strategy == HTEqualStrategyNumber);

	/*
	 * If the constant in the index qual is NULL, assume it cannot match any
	 * items in the index.
	 */
	if (cur->sk_flags & SK_ISNULL)
		return false;

	/*
	 * Okay to compute the hash key.  We want to do this before acquiring any
	 * locks, in case a user-defined hash function happens to be slow.
	 *
	 * If scankey operator is not a cross-type comparison, we can use the
	 * cached hash function; otherwise gotta look it up in the catalogs.
	 *
	 * We support the convention that sk_subtype == InvalidOid means the
	 * opclass input type; this is a hack to simplify life for ScanKeyInit().
	 */
	if (cur->sk_subtype == rel->rd_opcintype[0] ||
		cur->sk_subtype == InvalidOid)
		hashkey = _hash_datum2hashkey(rel, cur->sk_argument);
	else
		hashkey = _hash_datum2hashkey_type(rel, cur->sk_argument,
										   cur->sk_subtype);

	so->hashso_sk_hash = hashkey;

	/*
	 * Acquire shared split lock so we can compute the target bucket safely
	 * (see README).
	 */
	_hash_getlock(rel, 0, HASH_SHARE);

	/* Read the metapage */
	metabuf = _hash_getbuf(rel, HASH_METAPAGE, HASH_READ, LH_META_PAGE);
	metap = HashPageGetMeta(BufferGetPage(metabuf));

	/*
	 * Compute the target bucket number, and convert to block number.
	 */
	bucket = _hash_hashkey2bucket(hashkey,
								  metap->hashm_maxbucket,
								  metap->hashm_highmask,
								  metap->hashm_lowmask);

	blkno = BUCKET_TO_BLKNO(metap, bucket);

	/* done with the metapage */
	_hash_relbuf(rel, metabuf);

	/*
	 * Acquire share lock on target bucket; then we can release split lock.
	 */
	_hash_getlock(rel, blkno, HASH_SHARE);

	_hash_droplock(rel, 0, HASH_SHARE);

	/* Update scan opaque state to show we have lock on the bucket */
	so->hashso_bucket = bucket;
	so->hashso_bucket_valid = true;
	so->hashso_bucket_blkno = blkno;

	/* Fetch the primary bucket page for the bucket */
	buf = _hash_getbuf(rel, blkno, HASH_READ, LH_BUCKET_PAGE);
	page = BufferGetPage(buf);
	opaque = (HashPageOpaque) PageGetSpecialPointer(page);
	Assert(opaque->hasho_bucket == bucket);

	/* If a backwards scan is requested, move to the end of the chain */
	if (ScanDirectionIsBackward(dir))
	{
		while (BlockNumberIsValid(opaque->hasho_nextblkno))
			_hash_readnext(rel, &buf, &page, &opaque);
	}

	/* Now find the first tuple satisfying the qualification */
	if (!_hash_step(scan, &buf, dir))
		return false;

	/* if we're here, _hash_step found a valid tuple */
	offnum = ItemPointerGetOffsetNumber(current);
	_hash_checkpage(rel, buf, LH_BUCKET_PAGE | LH_OVERFLOW_PAGE);
	page = BufferGetPage(buf);
	itup = (IndexTuple) PageGetItem(page, PageGetItemId(page, offnum));
	so->hashso_heappos = itup->t_tid;

	return true;
}
Exemple #5
0
/*
 * _hash_splitbucket -- split 'obucket' into 'obucket' and 'nbucket'
 *
 * We are splitting a bucket that consists of a base bucket page and zero
 * or more overflow (bucket chain) pages.  We must relocate tuples that
 * belong in the new bucket, and compress out any free space in the old
 * bucket.
 *
 * The caller must hold exclusive locks on both buckets to ensure that
 * no one else is trying to access them (see README).
 *
 * The caller must hold a pin, but no lock, on the metapage buffer.
 * The buffer is returned in the same state.  (The metapage is only
 * touched if it becomes necessary to add or remove overflow pages.)
 */
static void
_hash_splitbucket(Relation rel,
				  Buffer metabuf,
				  Bucket obucket,
				  Bucket nbucket,
				  BlockNumber start_oblkno,
				  BlockNumber start_nblkno,
				  uint32 maxbucket,
				  uint32 highmask,
				  uint32 lowmask)
{
	Bucket		bucket;
	Buffer		obuf;
	Buffer		nbuf;
	BlockNumber oblkno;
	BlockNumber nblkno;
	bool		null;
	Datum		datum;
	HashItem	hitem;
	HashPageOpaque oopaque;
	HashPageOpaque nopaque;
	IndexTuple	itup;
	Size		itemsz;
	OffsetNumber ooffnum;
	OffsetNumber noffnum;
	OffsetNumber omaxoffnum;
	Page		opage;
	Page		npage;
	TupleDesc	itupdesc = RelationGetDescr(rel);

	/*
	 * It should be okay to simultaneously write-lock pages from each
	 * bucket, since no one else can be trying to acquire buffer lock
	 * on pages of either bucket.
	 */
	oblkno = start_oblkno;
	nblkno = start_nblkno;
	obuf = _hash_getbuf(rel, oblkno, HASH_WRITE);
	nbuf = _hash_getbuf(rel, nblkno, HASH_WRITE);
	opage = BufferGetPage(obuf);
	npage = BufferGetPage(nbuf);

	_hash_checkpage(rel, opage, LH_BUCKET_PAGE);
	oopaque = (HashPageOpaque) PageGetSpecialPointer(opage);

	/* initialize the new bucket's primary page */
	_hash_pageinit(npage, BufferGetPageSize(nbuf));
	nopaque = (HashPageOpaque) PageGetSpecialPointer(npage);
	nopaque->hasho_prevblkno = InvalidBlockNumber;
	nopaque->hasho_nextblkno = InvalidBlockNumber;
	nopaque->hasho_bucket = nbucket;
	nopaque->hasho_flag = LH_BUCKET_PAGE;
	nopaque->hasho_filler = HASHO_FILL;

	/*
	 * Partition the tuples in the old bucket between the old bucket and the
	 * new bucket, advancing along the old bucket's overflow bucket chain
	 * and adding overflow pages to the new bucket as needed.
	 */
	ooffnum = FirstOffsetNumber;
	omaxoffnum = PageGetMaxOffsetNumber(opage);
	for (;;)
	{
		/*
		 * at each iteration through this loop, each of these variables
		 * should be up-to-date: obuf opage oopaque ooffnum omaxoffnum
		 */

		/* check if we're at the end of the page */
		if (ooffnum > omaxoffnum)
		{
			/* at end of page, but check for an(other) overflow page */
			oblkno = oopaque->hasho_nextblkno;
			if (!BlockNumberIsValid(oblkno))
				break;
			/*
			 * we ran out of tuples on this particular page, but we
			 * have more overflow pages; advance to next page.
			 */
			_hash_wrtbuf(rel, obuf);

			obuf = _hash_getbuf(rel, oblkno, HASH_WRITE);
			opage = BufferGetPage(obuf);
			_hash_checkpage(rel, opage, LH_OVERFLOW_PAGE);
			oopaque = (HashPageOpaque) PageGetSpecialPointer(opage);
			ooffnum = FirstOffsetNumber;
			omaxoffnum = PageGetMaxOffsetNumber(opage);
			continue;
		}

		/*
		 * Re-hash the tuple to determine which bucket it now belongs in.
		 *
		 * It is annoying to call the hash function while holding locks,
		 * but releasing and relocking the page for each tuple is unappealing
		 * too.
		 */
		hitem = (HashItem) PageGetItem(opage, PageGetItemId(opage, ooffnum));
		itup = &(hitem->hash_itup);
		datum = index_getattr(itup, 1, itupdesc, &null);
		Assert(!null);

		bucket = _hash_hashkey2bucket(_hash_datum2hashkey(rel, datum),
									  maxbucket, highmask, lowmask);

		if (bucket == nbucket)
		{
			/*
			 * insert the tuple into the new bucket.  if it doesn't fit on
			 * the current page in the new bucket, we must allocate a new
			 * overflow page and place the tuple on that page instead.
			 */
			itemsz = IndexTupleDSize(hitem->hash_itup)
				+ (sizeof(HashItemData) - sizeof(IndexTupleData));

			itemsz = MAXALIGN(itemsz);

			if (PageGetFreeSpace(npage) < itemsz)
			{
				/* write out nbuf and drop lock, but keep pin */
				_hash_chgbufaccess(rel, nbuf, HASH_WRITE, HASH_NOLOCK);
				/* chain to a new overflow page */
				nbuf = _hash_addovflpage(rel, metabuf, nbuf);
				npage = BufferGetPage(nbuf);
				_hash_checkpage(rel, npage, LH_OVERFLOW_PAGE);
				/* we don't need nopaque within the loop */
			}

			noffnum = OffsetNumberNext(PageGetMaxOffsetNumber(npage));
			if (PageAddItem(npage, (Item) hitem, itemsz, noffnum, LP_USED)
				== InvalidOffsetNumber)
				elog(ERROR, "failed to add index item to \"%s\"",
					 RelationGetRelationName(rel));

			/*
			 * now delete the tuple from the old bucket.  after this
			 * section of code, 'ooffnum' will actually point to the
			 * ItemId to which we would point if we had advanced it before
			 * the deletion (PageIndexTupleDelete repacks the ItemId
			 * array).	this also means that 'omaxoffnum' is exactly one
			 * less than it used to be, so we really can just decrement it
			 * instead of calling PageGetMaxOffsetNumber.
			 */
			PageIndexTupleDelete(opage, ooffnum);
			omaxoffnum = OffsetNumberPrev(omaxoffnum);
		}
		else
		{
			/*
			 * the tuple stays on this page.  we didn't move anything, so
			 * we didn't delete anything and therefore we don't have to
			 * change 'omaxoffnum'.
			 */
			Assert(bucket == obucket);
			ooffnum = OffsetNumberNext(ooffnum);
		}
	}

	/*
	 * We're at the end of the old bucket chain, so we're done partitioning
	 * the tuples.  Before quitting, call _hash_squeezebucket to ensure the
	 * tuples remaining in the old bucket (including the overflow pages) are
	 * packed as tightly as possible.  The new bucket is already tight.
	 */
	_hash_wrtbuf(rel, obuf);
	_hash_wrtbuf(rel, nbuf);

	_hash_squeezebucket(rel, obucket, start_oblkno);
}
Exemple #6
0
/*
 *	_hash_doinsert() -- Handle insertion of a single HashItem in the table.
 *
 *		This routine is called by the public interface routines, hashbuild
 *		and hashinsert.  By here, hashitem is completely filled in.
 *		The datum to be used as a "key" is in the hashitem.
 */
InsertIndexResult
_hash_doinsert(Relation rel, HashItem hitem)
{
	Buffer		buf;
	Buffer		metabuf;
	HashMetaPage metap;
	IndexTuple	itup;
	BlockNumber itup_blkno;
	OffsetNumber itup_off;
	InsertIndexResult res;
	BlockNumber blkno;
	Page		page;
	HashPageOpaque pageopaque;
	Size		itemsz;
	bool		do_expand;
	uint32		hashkey;
	Bucket		bucket;
	Datum		datum;
	bool		isnull;

	/*
	 * Compute the hash key for the item.  We do this first so as not to
	 * need to hold any locks while running the hash function.
	 */
	itup = &(hitem->hash_itup);
	if (rel->rd_rel->relnatts != 1)
		elog(ERROR, "hash indexes support only one index key");
	datum = index_getattr(itup, 1, RelationGetDescr(rel), &isnull);
	Assert(!isnull);
	hashkey = _hash_datum2hashkey(rel, datum);

	/* compute item size too */
	itemsz = IndexTupleDSize(hitem->hash_itup)
		+ (sizeof(HashItemData) - sizeof(IndexTupleData));

	itemsz = MAXALIGN(itemsz);	/* be safe, PageAddItem will do this but
								 * we need to be consistent */

	/*
	 * Acquire shared split lock so we can compute the target bucket
	 * safely (see README).
	 */
	_hash_getlock(rel, 0, HASH_SHARE);

	/* Read the metapage */
	metabuf = _hash_getbuf(rel, HASH_METAPAGE, HASH_READ);
	metap = (HashMetaPage) BufferGetPage(metabuf);
	_hash_checkpage(rel, (Page) metap, LH_META_PAGE);

	/*
	 * Check whether the item can fit on a hash page at all. (Eventually,
	 * we ought to try to apply TOAST methods if not.)  Note that at this
	 * point, itemsz doesn't include the ItemId.
	 */
	if (itemsz > HashMaxItemSize((Page) metap))
		ereport(ERROR,
				(errcode(ERRCODE_PROGRAM_LIMIT_EXCEEDED),
				 errmsg("index row size %lu exceeds hash maximum %lu",
						(unsigned long) itemsz,
						(unsigned long) HashMaxItemSize((Page) metap))));

	/*
	 * Compute the target bucket number, and convert to block number.
	 */
	bucket = _hash_hashkey2bucket(hashkey,
								  metap->hashm_maxbucket,
								  metap->hashm_highmask,
								  metap->hashm_lowmask);

	blkno = BUCKET_TO_BLKNO(metap, bucket);

	/* release lock on metapage, but keep pin since we'll need it again */
	_hash_chgbufaccess(rel, metabuf, HASH_READ, HASH_NOLOCK);

	/*
	 * Acquire share lock on target bucket; then we can release split lock.
	 */
	_hash_getlock(rel, blkno, HASH_SHARE);

	_hash_droplock(rel, 0, HASH_SHARE);

	/* Fetch the primary bucket page for the bucket */
	buf = _hash_getbuf(rel, blkno, HASH_WRITE);
	page = BufferGetPage(buf);
	_hash_checkpage(rel, page, LH_BUCKET_PAGE);
	pageopaque = (HashPageOpaque) PageGetSpecialPointer(page);
	Assert(pageopaque->hasho_bucket == bucket);

	/* Do the insertion */
	while (PageGetFreeSpace(page) < itemsz)
	{
		/*
		 * no space on this page; check for an overflow page
		 */
		BlockNumber	nextblkno = pageopaque->hasho_nextblkno;

		if (BlockNumberIsValid(nextblkno))
		{
			/*
			 * ovfl page exists; go get it.  if it doesn't have room,
			 * we'll find out next pass through the loop test above.
			 */
			_hash_relbuf(rel, buf);
			buf = _hash_getbuf(rel, nextblkno, HASH_WRITE);
			page = BufferGetPage(buf);
		}
		else
		{
			/*
			 * we're at the end of the bucket chain and we haven't found a
			 * page with enough room.  allocate a new overflow page.
			 */

			/* release our write lock without modifying buffer */
			_hash_chgbufaccess(rel, buf, HASH_READ, HASH_NOLOCK);

			/* chain to a new overflow page */
			buf = _hash_addovflpage(rel, metabuf, buf);
			page = BufferGetPage(buf);

			/* should fit now, given test above */
			Assert(PageGetFreeSpace(page) >= itemsz);
		}
		_hash_checkpage(rel, page, LH_OVERFLOW_PAGE);
		pageopaque = (HashPageOpaque) PageGetSpecialPointer(page);
		Assert(pageopaque->hasho_bucket == bucket);
	}

	/* found page with enough space, so add the item here */
	itup_off = _hash_pgaddtup(rel, buf, itemsz, hitem);
	itup_blkno = BufferGetBlockNumber(buf);

	/* write and release the modified page */
	_hash_wrtbuf(rel, buf);

	/* We can drop the bucket lock now */
	_hash_droplock(rel, blkno, HASH_SHARE);

	/*
	 * Write-lock the metapage so we can increment the tuple count.
	 * After incrementing it, check to see if it's time for a split.
	 */
	_hash_chgbufaccess(rel, metabuf, HASH_NOLOCK, HASH_WRITE);

	metap->hashm_ntuples += 1;

	/* Make sure this stays in sync with _hash_expandtable() */
	do_expand = metap->hashm_ntuples >
		(double) metap->hashm_ffactor * (metap->hashm_maxbucket + 1);

	/* Write out the metapage and drop lock, but keep pin */
	_hash_chgbufaccess(rel, metabuf, HASH_WRITE, HASH_NOLOCK);

	/* Attempt to split if a split is needed */
	if (do_expand)
		_hash_expandtable(rel, metabuf);

	/* Finally drop our pin on the metapage */
	_hash_dropbuf(rel, metabuf);

	/* Create the return data structure */
	res = (InsertIndexResult) palloc(sizeof(InsertIndexResultData));

	ItemPointerSet(&(res->pointerData), itup_blkno, itup_off);

	return res;
}
Exemple #7
0
/*
 *	_hash_first() -- Find the first item in a scan.
 *
 *		Find the first item in the index that
 *		satisfies the qualification associated with the scan descriptor. On
 *		success, the page containing the current index tuple is read locked
 *		and pinned, and the scan's opaque data entry is updated to
 *		include the buffer.
 */
bool _hash_first(struct index_scan *scan, enum scandir dir)
{
	struct relation *rel = scan->indexRelation;
	struct hash_scan_opaque_data *so = (struct hash_scan_opaque_data *)scan->opaque;
	struct scankey *cur;
	uint32 hashkey;
	bucket_t bucket;
	block_t blkno;
	buf_id_t buf;
	buf_id_t metabuf;
	page_p page;
	struct hash_page *opaque;
	struct hash_meta_page_data *metap;
	struct index_tuple *itup;
	struct item_ptr *current;
	item_id_t offnum;

	stat_index_scan(rel);

	current = &(so->hashso_curpos);
	ITEM_PTR_SET_INVALID(current);

	/*
	 * We do not support hash scans with no index qualification, because we
	 * would have to read the whole index rather than just one bucket. That
	 * creates a whole raft of problems, since we haven't got a practical way
	 * to lock all the buckets against splits or compactions.
	 */
	if (scan->numberOfKeys < 1) {
		ereport(ERROR, (
		errcode(E_FEATURE_NOT_SUPPORTED),
		errmsg("hash indexes do not support whole-index scans")));
	}

	/* There may be more than one index qual, but we hash only the first */
	cur = &scan->keyData[0];

	/* We support only single-column hash indexes */
	ASSERT(cur->sk_attno == 1);

	/* And there's only one operator strategy, too */
	ASSERT(cur->sk_strategy == HT_EQ_STRATEGY_NR);

	/*
	 * If the constant in the index qual is NULL, assume it cannot match any
	 * items in the index.
	 */
	if (cur->sk_flags & SK_ISNULL)
		return false;

	/*
	 * Okay to compute the hash key.  We want to do this before acquiring any
	 * locks, in case a user-defined hash function happens to be slow.
	 *
	 * If scankey operator is not a cross-type comparison, we can use the
	 * cached hash function; otherwise gotta look it up in the catalogs.
	 *
	 * We support the convention that sk_subtype == INVALID_OID means the
	 * opclass input type; this is a hack to simplify life for scankey_init().
	 */
	if (cur->sk_subtype == rel->rd_opcintype[0]
		|| cur->sk_subtype == INVALID_OID)
		hashkey = _hash_datum2hashkey(rel, cur->sk_argument);
	else
		hashkey = _hash_datum2hashkey_type(rel, cur->sk_argument, cur->sk_subtype);

	so->hashso_sk_hash = hashkey;

	/*
	 * Acquire shared split lock so we can compute the target bucket safely
	 * (see README).
	 */
	_hash_getlock(rel, 0, HASH_SHARE);

	/* Read the metapage */
	metabuf = _hash_getbuf(rel, HASH_METAPAGE, HASH_READ, LH_META_PAGE);
	metap = HASH_PAGE_GET_META(BUF_PAGE(metabuf));

	/*
	 * Compute the target bucket number, and convert to block number.
	 */
	bucket = _hash_hashkey2bucket(
		hashkey,
		metap->hashm_maxbucket,	
		metap->hashm_highmask,
		metap->hashm_lowmask);

	blkno = BUCKET_TO_BLKNO(metap, bucket);

	/* done with the metapage */
	_hash_relbuf(rel, metabuf);

	/*
	 * Acquire share lock on target bucket; then we can release split lock.
	 */
	_hash_getlock(rel, blkno, HASH_SHARE);
	_hash_droplock(rel, 0, HASH_SHARE);

	/* Update scan opaque state to show we have lock on the bucket */
	so->hashso_bucket = bucket;
	so->hashso_bucket_valid = true;
	so->hashso_bucket_blkno = blkno;

	/* Fetch the primary bucket page for the bucket */
	buf = _hash_getbuf(rel, blkno, HASH_READ, LH_BUCKET_PAGE);
	page = BUF_PAGE(buf);
	opaque = (struct hash_page*) PAGE_SPECIAL_PTR(page);
	ASSERT(opaque->hasho_bucket == bucket);

	/* If a backwards scan is requested, move to the end of the chain */
	if (SCANDIR_BACKWARD(dir)) {
		while (BLK_NR_VALID(opaque->hasho_nextblkno))
			_hash_readnext(rel, &buf, &page, &opaque);
	}

	/* Now find the first tuple satisfying the qualification */
	if (!_hash_step(scan, &buf, dir))
		return false;

	/* if we're here, _hash_step found a valid tuple */
	offnum = ITEM_PTR_OFFSET(current);
	_hash_checkpage(rel, buf, LH_BUCKET_PAGE | LH_OVERFLOW_PAGE);
	page = BUF_PAGE(buf);
	itup = (struct index_tuple *)PAGE_GET_ITEM(page, PAGE_ITEM_ID(page, offnum));
	so->hashso_heappos = itup->t_tid;

	return true;
}