int main(int argc, char * argv[]){
Board * board;
int x, y;
Pos pos;
UCTNode * uct_tree = 0;
UCTNode * ptr;
board_initialize();
uct_initialize();
board = board_new();
while(1) {
board_print(board, stdout);
printf("\nBlack: ");
if(scanf("%d %d", &x, &y) == -1)
break;
board_play(board, to_pos(x, y), BLACK);
board_print(board, stdout);
pos = uct_search(board, WHITE);
board_play(board, pos, WHITE);
}
//for(ptr = uct_tree->child; ptr; ptr = ptr->next)
// printf("%d ", ptr->move);
puts("");
board_destroy();
uct_destroy();
return 0;
}
static coord_t *
replay_genmove(struct engine *e, struct board *b, struct time_info *ti, enum stone color, bool pass_all_alive)
{
struct replay *r = e->data;
struct playout_setup s; memset(&s, 0, sizeof(s));
coord_t coord = r->playout->choose(r->playout, &s, b, color);
if (!is_pass(coord)) {
struct move m;
m.coord = coord; m.color = color;
if (board_play(b, &m) >= 0)
goto have_move;
if (DEBUGL(2)) {
fprintf(stderr, "Pre-picked move %d,%d is ILLEGAL:\n",
coord_x(coord, b), coord_y(coord, b));
board_print(b, stderr);
}
}
/* Defer to uniformly random move choice. */
board_play_random(b, color, &coord, (ppr_permit) r->playout->permit, r->playout);
have_move:
if (!group_at(b, coord)) {
/* This was suicide. Just pass. */
/* XXX: We should check for non-suicide alternatives. */
return coord_pass();
}
return coord_copy(coord);
}
UCTNode * uct_select(UCTNode * self, Board * board, Color color) {
UCTNode * ptr, * best_ptr;
float uct, best_uct = 0;
while(1) {
best_uct = 0;
best_ptr = 0;
for(ptr = self->child; ptr; ptr = ptr->next) {
if(ptr->move == nil) continue;
if(ptr->visits == 0)
uct = 10000. + (rand() & 0xFF);
else {
uct = UCT_K * sqrtf(
logf(self->visits) / ptr->visits
) + 1.0 * ptr->wins / ptr->visits;
}
if(uct > best_uct) {
best_uct = uct;
best_ptr = ptr;
}
}
if(board_play(board, best_ptr->move, color)) break;
else best_ptr->move = nil;
}
return best_ptr;
}
int
uct_playout(struct uct *u, struct board *b, enum stone player_color, struct tree *t)
{
struct board b2;
board_copy(&b2, b);
struct playout_amafmap amaf;
amaf.gamelen = amaf.game_baselen = 0;
/* Walk the tree until we find a leaf, then expand it and do
* a random playout. */
struct tree_node *n = t->root;
enum stone node_color = stone_other(player_color);
assert(node_color == t->root_color);
/* Make sure the root node is expanded. */
if (tree_leaf_node(n) && !__sync_lock_test_and_set(&n->is_expanded, 1))
tree_expand_node(t, n, &b2, player_color, u, 1);
/* Tree descent history. */
/* XXX: This is somewhat messy since @n and descent[dlen-1].node are
* redundant. */
struct uct_descent descent[DESCENT_DLEN];
descent[0].node = n; descent[0].lnode = NULL;
int dlen = 1;
/* Total value of the sequence. */
struct move_stats seq_value = { .playouts = 0 };
/* The last "significant" node along the descent (i.e. node
* with higher than configured number of playouts). For black
* and white. */
struct tree_node *significant[2] = { NULL, NULL };
if (n->u.playouts >= u->significant_threshold)
significant[node_color - 1] = n;
int result;
int pass_limit = (board_size(&b2) - 2) * (board_size(&b2) - 2) / 2;
int passes = is_pass(b->last_move.coord) && b->moves > 0;
/* debug */
static char spaces[] = "\0 ";
/* /debug */
if (UDEBUGL(8))
fprintf(stderr, "--- UCT walk with color %d\n", player_color);
while (!tree_leaf_node(n) && passes < 2) {
spaces[dlen - 1] = ' '; spaces[dlen] = 0;
/*** Choose a node to descend to: */
/* Parity is chosen already according to the child color, since
* it is applied to children. */
node_color = stone_other(node_color);
int parity = (node_color == player_color ? 1 : -1);
assert(dlen < DESCENT_DLEN);
descent[dlen] = descent[dlen - 1];
if (u->local_tree && (!descent[dlen].lnode || descent[dlen].node->d >= u->tenuki_d)) {
/* Start new local sequence. */
/* Remember that node_color already holds color of the
* to-be-found child. */
descent[dlen].lnode = node_color == S_BLACK ? t->ltree_black : t->ltree_white;
}
if (!u->random_policy_chance || fast_random(u->random_policy_chance))
u->policy->descend(u->policy, t, &descent[dlen], parity, b2.moves > pass_limit);
else
u->random_policy->descend(u->random_policy, t, &descent[dlen], parity, b2.moves > pass_limit);
/*** Perform the descent: */
if (descent[dlen].node->u.playouts >= u->significant_threshold) {
significant[node_color - 1] = descent[dlen].node;
}
seq_value.playouts += descent[dlen].value.playouts;
seq_value.value += descent[dlen].value.value * descent[dlen].value.playouts;
n = descent[dlen++].node;
assert(n == t->root || n->parent);
if (UDEBUGL(7))
fprintf(stderr, "%s+-- UCT sent us to [%s:%d] %d,%f\n",
spaces, coord2sstr(node_coord(n), t->board),
node_coord(n), n->u.playouts,
tree_node_get_value(t, parity, n->u.value));
/* Add virtual loss if we need to; this is used to discourage
* other threads from visiting this node in case of multiple
* threads doing the tree search. */
if (u->virtual_loss)
stats_add_result(&n->u, node_color == S_BLACK ? 0.0 : 1.0, u->virtual_loss);
assert(node_coord(n) >= -1);
record_amaf_move(&amaf, node_coord(n));
struct move m = { node_coord(n), node_color };
int res = board_play(&b2, &m);
if (res < 0 || (!is_pass(m.coord) && !group_at(&b2, m.coord)) /* suicide */
|| b2.superko_violation) {
if (UDEBUGL(4)) {
for (struct tree_node *ni = n; ni; ni = ni->parent)
fprintf(stderr, "%s<%"PRIhash"> ", coord2sstr(node_coord(ni), t->board), ni->hash);
fprintf(stderr, "marking invalid %s node %d,%d res %d group %d spk %d\n",
stone2str(node_color), coord_x(node_coord(n),b), coord_y(node_coord(n),b),
res, group_at(&b2, m.coord), b2.superko_violation);
}
n->hints |= TREE_HINT_INVALID;
result = 0;
goto end;
}
if (is_pass(node_coord(n)))
passes++;
else
passes = 0;
enum stone next_color = stone_other(node_color);
/* We need to make sure only one thread expands the node. If
* we are unlucky enough for two threads to meet in the same
* node, the latter one will simply do another simulation from
* the node itself, no big deal. t->nodes_size may exceed
* the maximum in multi-threaded case but not by much so it's ok.
* The size test must be before the test&set not after, to allow
* expansion of the node later if enough nodes have been freed. */
if (tree_leaf_node(n)
&& n->u.playouts - u->virtual_loss >= u->expand_p && t->nodes_size < u->max_tree_size
&& !__sync_lock_test_and_set(&n->is_expanded, 1))
tree_expand_node(t, n, &b2, next_color, u, -parity);
}
amaf.game_baselen = amaf.gamelen;
if (t->use_extra_komi && u->dynkomi->persim) {
b2.komi += round(u->dynkomi->persim(u->dynkomi, &b2, t, n));
}
if (passes >= 2) {
/* XXX: No dead groups support. */
floating_t score = board_official_score(&b2, NULL);
/* Result from black's perspective (no matter who
* the player; black's perspective is always
* what the tree stores. */
result = - (score * 2);
if (UDEBUGL(5))
fprintf(stderr, "[%d..%d] %s p-p scoring playout result %d (W %f)\n",
player_color, node_color, coord2sstr(node_coord(n), t->board), result, score);
if (UDEBUGL(6))
board_print(&b2, stderr);
board_ownermap_fill(&u->ownermap, &b2);
} else { // assert(tree_leaf_node(n));
/* In case of parallel tree search, the assertion might
* not hold if two threads chew on the same node. */
result = uct_leaf_node(u, &b2, player_color, &amaf, descent, &dlen, significant, t, n, node_color, spaces);
}
if (u->policy->wants_amaf && u->playout_amaf_cutoff) {
unsigned int cutoff = amaf.game_baselen;
cutoff += (amaf.gamelen - amaf.game_baselen) * u->playout_amaf_cutoff / 100;
amaf.gamelen = cutoff;
}
/* Record the result. */
assert(n == t->root || n->parent);
floating_t rval = scale_value(u, b, result);
u->policy->update(u->policy, t, n, node_color, player_color, &amaf, &b2, rval);
if (t->use_extra_komi) {
stats_add_result(&u->dynkomi->score, result / 2, 1);
stats_add_result(&u->dynkomi->value, rval, 1);
}
if (u->local_tree && n->parent && !is_pass(node_coord(n)) && dlen > 0) {
/* Get the local sequences and record them in ltree. */
/* We will look for sequence starts in our descent
* history, then run record_local_sequence() for each
* found sequence start; record_local_sequence() may
* pick longer sequences from descent history then,
* which is expected as it will create new lnodes. */
enum stone seq_color = player_color;
/* First move always starts a sequence. */
record_local_sequence(u, t, &b2, descent, dlen, 1, seq_color);
seq_color = stone_other(seq_color);
for (int dseqi = 2; dseqi < dlen; dseqi++, seq_color = stone_other(seq_color)) {
if (u->local_tree_allseq) {
/* We are configured to record all subsequences. */
record_local_sequence(u, t, &b2, descent, dlen, dseqi, seq_color);
continue;
}
if (descent[dseqi].node->d >= u->tenuki_d) {
/* Tenuki! Record the fresh sequence. */
record_local_sequence(u, t, &b2, descent, dlen, dseqi, seq_color);
continue;
}
if (descent[dseqi].lnode && !descent[dseqi].lnode) {
/* Record result for in-descent picked sequence. */
record_local_sequence(u, t, &b2, descent, dlen, dseqi, seq_color);
continue;
}
}
}
end:
/* We need to undo the virtual loss we added during descend. */
if (u->virtual_loss) {
floating_t loss = node_color == S_BLACK ? 0.0 : 1.0;
for (; n->parent; n = n->parent) {
stats_rm_result(&n->u, loss, u->virtual_loss);
loss = 1.0 - loss;
}
}
board_done_noalloc(&b2);
return result;
}
int
uct_playouts(struct uct *u, struct board *b, enum stone color, struct tree *t, struct time_info *ti)
{
int i;
if (ti && ti->dim == TD_GAMES) {
for (i = 0; t->root->u.playouts <= ti->len.games && !uct_halt; i++)
uct_playout(u, b, color, t);
} else {
for (i = 0; !uct_halt; i++)
uct_playout(u, b, color, t);
}
return i;
}
struct fbook *
fbook_init(char *filename, struct board *b)
{
if (fbcache && fbcache->bsize == board_size(b)
&& fbcache->handicap == b->handicap)
return fbcache;
FILE *f = fopen(filename, "r");
if (!f) {
perror(filename);
return NULL;
}
struct fbook *fbook = calloc(1, sizeof(*fbook));
fbook->bsize = board_size(b);
fbook->handicap = b->handicap;
/* We do not set handicap=1 in case of too low komi on purpose;
* we want to go with the no-handicap fbook for now. */
for (int i = 0; i < 1<<fbook_hash_bits; i++)
fbook->moves[i] = pass;
if (DEBUGL(1))
fprintf(stderr, "Loading opening fbook %s...\n", filename);
/* Scratch board where we lay out the sequence;
* one for each transposition. */
struct board *bs[8];
for (int i = 0; i < 8; i++) {
bs[i] = board_init(NULL);
board_resize(bs[i], fbook->bsize - 2);
}
char linebuf[1024];
while (fgets(linebuf, sizeof(linebuf), f)) {
char *line = linebuf;
linebuf[strlen(linebuf) - 1] = 0; // chop
/* Format of line is:
* BSIZE COORD COORD COORD... | COORD
* BSIZE/HANDI COORD COORD COORD... | COORD
* We descend up to |, then add the new node
* with value minimax(1000), forcing UCT to
* always pick that node immediately. */
int bsize = strtol(line, &line, 10);
if (bsize != fbook->bsize - 2)
continue;
int handi = 0;
if (*line == '/') {
line++;
handi = strtol(line, &line, 10);
}
if (handi != fbook->handicap)
continue;
while (isspace(*line)) line++;
for (int i = 0; i < 8; i++) {
board_clear(bs[i]);
bs[i]->last_move.color = S_WHITE;
}
while (*line != '|') {
coord_t *c = str2coord(line, fbook->bsize);
for (int i = 0; i < 8; i++) {
coord_t coord = coord_transform(b, *c, i);
struct move m = { .coord = coord, .color = stone_other(bs[i]->last_move.color) };
int ret = board_play(bs[i], &m);
assert(ret >= 0);
}
coord_done(c);
while (!isspace(*line)) line++;
while (isspace(*line)) line++;
}
line++;
while (isspace(*line)) line++;
/* In case of multiple candidates, pick one with
* exponentially decreasing likelihood. */
while (strchr(line, ' ') && fast_random(2)) {
line = strchr(line, ' ');
while (isspace(*line)) line++;
// fprintf(stderr, "<%s> skip to %s\n", linebuf, line);
}
coord_t *c = str2coord(line, fbook->bsize);
for (int i = 0; i < 8; i++) {
coord_t coord = coord_transform(b, *c, i);
#if 0
char conflict = is_pass(fbook->moves[bs[i]->hash & fbook_hash_mask]) ? '+' : 'C';
if (conflict == 'C')
for (int j = 0; j < i; j++)
if (bs[i]->hash == bs[j]->hash)
conflict = '+';
if (conflict == 'C') {
hash_t hi = bs[i]->hash;
while (!is_pass(fbook->moves[hi & fbook_hash_mask]) && fbook->hashes[hi & fbook_hash_mask] != bs[i]->hash)
hi++;
if (fbook->hashes[hi & fbook_hash_mask] == bs[i]->hash)
hi = 'c';
}
fprintf(stderr, "%c %"PRIhash":%"PRIhash" (<%d> %s)\n", conflict,
bs[i]->hash & fbook_hash_mask, bs[i]->hash, i, linebuf);
#endif
hash_t hi = bs[i]->hash;
while (!is_pass(fbook->moves[hi & fbook_hash_mask]) && fbook->hashes[hi & fbook_hash_mask] != bs[i]->hash)
hi++;
fbook->moves[hi & fbook_hash_mask] = coord;
fbook->hashes[hi & fbook_hash_mask] = bs[i]->hash;
fbook->movecnt++;
}
coord_done(c);
}
for (int i = 0; i < 8; i++) {
board_done(bs[i]);
}
fclose(f);
if (!fbook->movecnt) {
/* Empty book is not worth the hassle. */
fbook_done(fbook);
return NULL;
}
struct fbook *fbold = fbcache;
fbcache = fbook;
if (fbold)
fbook_done(fbold);
return fbook;
}
void fbook_done(struct fbook *fbook)
{
if (fbook != fbcache)
free(fbook);
}
static void
board_load(struct board *b, FILE *f, unsigned int size)
{
board_printed = false;
board_resize(b, size);
board_clear(b);
for (int y = size - 1; y >= 0; y--) {
char line[256];
if (!fgets(line, sizeof(line), f)) {
fprintf(stderr, "Premature EOF.\n");
exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
}
line[strlen(line) - 1] = 0; // chomp
if (strlen(line) != size * 2 - 1) {
fprintf(stderr, "Line not %d char long: %s\n", size * 2 - 1, line);
exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
}
for (unsigned int i = 0; i < size * 2; i++) {
enum stone s;
switch (line[i]) {
case '.': s = S_NONE; break;
case 'X': s = S_BLACK; break;
case 'O': s = S_WHITE; break;
default: fprintf(stderr, "Invalid stone '%c'\n", line[i]);
exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
}
i++;
if (line[i] != ' ' && i/2 < size - 1) {
fprintf(stderr, "No space after stone %i: '%c'\n", i/2 + 1, line[i]);
exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
}
if (s == S_NONE) continue;
struct move m = { .color = s, .coord = coord_xy(b, i/2 + 1, y + 1) };
if (board_play(b, &m) < 0) {
fprintf(stderr, "Failed to play %s %s\n",
stone2str(s), coord2sstr(m.coord, b));
board_print(b, stderr);
exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
}
}
}
int suicides = b->captures[S_BLACK] || b->captures[S_WHITE];
assert(!suicides);
}
static void
set_ko(struct board *b, char *arg)
{
assert(isalpha(*arg));
struct move last;
last.coord = str2scoord(arg, board_size(b));
last.color = board_at(b, last.coord);
assert(last.color == S_BLACK || last.color == S_WHITE);
b->last_move = last;
/* Sanity checks */
group_t g = group_at(b, last.coord);
assert(board_group_info(b, g).libs == 1);
assert(group_stone_count(b, g, 2) == 1);
coord_t lib = board_group_info(b, g).lib[0];
assert(board_is_eyelike(b, lib, last.color));
b->ko.coord = lib;
b->ko.color = stone_other(last.color);
}
