int galoisTest(){
uint8_t a,b,c;
int isOk = true;
// Addition :
a = 0x01; b = 0x0A; c = 0x0B;
if((gadd(a,b) != c)){
printf("Galois addition failed\n");
isOk = false;
}
// Multiplication :
if((gmul(a,b) != b) || (gmul(0x02, 0x02)!=0x04) ){
printf("Galois multiplication failed\n");
isOk = false;
}
// Division :
if((gdiv(b,a) != b) || (gdiv(0x02, 0x02)!=0x01)){
printf("Galois division failed\n");
isOk = false;
}
return isOk;
}
void rowReduce(uint8_t* row, uint8_t factor, int size){
// Reduce a row st row[i] = row[i] / factor
if(factor != 0x01){
int i;
for(i = 0; i < size ; i++){
row[i] = gdiv(row[i], factor);
}
}
}
/* g in Z[X] potentially defines a subfield of Q[X]/f. It is a subfield iff A
* (cf subfield) was a block system; then there
* exists h in Q[X] such that f | g o h. listdelta determines h s.t f | g o h
* in Fp[X] (cf chinese_retrieve_pol). Try to lift it; den is a
* multiplicative bound for denominator of lift. */
static GEN
embedding(GEN g, GEN DATA, primedata *S, GEN den, GEN listdelta)
{
GEN TR, w0_Q, w0, w1_Q, w1, wpow, h0, gp, T, q2, q, maxp, a, p = S->p;
long rt;
pari_sp av;
T = gel(DATA,1); rt = brent_kung_optpow(degpol(T), 2);
maxp= gel(DATA,7);
gp = derivpol(g); av = avma;
w0 = chinese_retrieve_pol(DATA, S, listdelta);
w0_Q = centermod(gmul(w0,den), p);
h0 = FpXQ_inv(FpX_FpXQ_compo(gp,w0, T,p), T,p); /* = 1/g'(w0) mod (T,p) */
wpow = NULL; q = sqri(p);
for(;;)
{/* Given g,w0,h0 in Z[x], s.t. h0.g'(w0) = 1 and g(w0) = 0 mod (T,p), find
* [w1,h1] satisfying the same conditions mod p^2, [w1,h1] = [w0,h0] (mod p)
* (cf. Dixon: J. Austral. Math. Soc., Series A, vol.49, 1990, p.445) */
if (DEBUGLEVEL>1)
fprintferr("lifting embedding mod p^k = %Z^%ld\n",p, Z_pval(q,p));
/* w1 := w0 - h0 g(w0) mod (T,q) */
if (wpow)
a = FpX_FpXQV_compo(g,wpow, T,q);
else
a = FpX_FpXQ_compo(g,w0, T,q); /* first time */
/* now, a = 0 (p) */
a = gmul(gneg(h0), gdivexact(a, p));
w1 = gadd(w0, gmul(p, FpX_rem(a, T,p)));
w1_Q = centermod(gmul(w1, remii(den,q)), q);
if (gequal(w1_Q, w0_Q) || cmpii(q,maxp) > 0)
{
GEN G = gcmp1(den)? g: RgX_rescale(g,den);
if (gcmp0(RgX_RgXQ_compo(G, w1_Q, T))) break;
}
if (cmpii(q, maxp) > 0)
{
if (DEBUGLEVEL) fprintferr("coeff too big for embedding\n");
return NULL;
}
gerepileall(av, 5, &w1,&h0,&w1_Q,&q,&p);
q2 = sqri(q);
wpow = FpXQ_powers(w1, rt, T, q2);
/* h0 := h0 * (2 - h0 g'(w1)) mod (T,q)
* = h0 + h0 * (1 - h0 g'(w1)) */
a = gmul(gneg(h0), FpX_FpXQV_compo(gp, FpXV_red(wpow,q),T,q));
a = ZX_Z_add(FpX_rem(a, T,q), gen_1); /* 1 - h0 g'(w1) = 0 (p) */
a = gmul(h0, gdivexact(a, p));
h0 = gadd(h0, gmul(p, FpX_rem(a, T,p)));
w0 = w1; w0_Q = w1_Q; p = q; q = q2;
}
TR = gel(DATA,5);
if (!gcmp0(TR)) w1_Q = translate_pol(w1_Q, TR);
return gdiv(w1_Q,den);
}
static void
bestlift_init(long a, GEN nf, GEN pr, GEN C, nflift_t *L)
{
const long D = 100;
const double alpha = ((double)D-1) / D; /* LLL parameter */
const long d = degpol(nf[1]);
pari_sp av = avma;
GEN prk, PRK, B, GSmin, pk;
pari_timer ti;
TIMERstart(&ti);
if (!a) a = (long)bestlift_bound(C, d, alpha, pr_norm(pr));
for (;; avma = av, a<<=1)
{
if (DEBUGLEVEL>2) fprintferr("exponent: %ld\n",a);
PRK = prk = idealpows(nf, pr, a);
pk = gcoeff(prk,1,1);
/* reduce size first, "scramble" matrix */
PRK = lllintpartial_ip(PRK);
/* now floating point reduction is fast */
PRK = lllint_fp_ip(PRK, 4);
PRK = lllint_i(PRK, D, 0, NULL, NULL, &B);
if (!PRK) { PRK = prk; GSmin = pk; } /* nf = Q */
else
{
pari_sp av2 = avma;
GEN S = invmat( get_R(PRK) ), BB = GS_norms(B, DEFAULTPREC);
GEN smax = gen_0;
long i, j;
for (i=1; i<=d; i++)
{
GEN s = gen_0;
for (j=1; j<=d; j++)
s = gadd(s, gdiv( gsqr(gcoeff(S,i,j)), gel(BB,j)));
if (gcmp(s, smax) > 0) smax = s;
}
GSmin = gerepileupto(av2, ginv(gmul2n(smax, 2)));
}
if (gcmp(GSmin, C) >= 0) break;
}
if (DEBUGLEVEL>2)
fprintferr("for this exponent, GSmin = %Z\nTime reduction: %ld\n",
GSmin, TIMER(&ti));
L->k = a;
L->den = L->pk = pk;
L->prk = PRK;
L->iprk = ZM_inv(PRK, pk);
L->GSmin= GSmin;
L->prkHNF = prk;
init_proj(L, gel(nf,1), gel(pr,1));
}
/* return a bound for T_2(P), P | polbase
* max |b_i|^2 <= 3^{3/2 + d} / (4 \pi d) [P]_2,
* where [P]_2 is Bombieri's 2-norm
* Sum over conjugates
*/
static GEN
nf_Beauzamy_bound(GEN nf, GEN polbase)
{
GEN lt,C,run,s, G = gmael(nf,5,2), POL, bin;
long i,prec,precnf, d = degpol(polbase), n = degpol(nf[1]);
precnf = gprecision(G);
prec = MEDDEFAULTPREC;
bin = vecbinome(d);
POL = polbase + 2;
/* compute [POL]_2 */
for (;;)
{
run= real_1(prec);
s = real_0(prec);
for (i=0; i<=d; i++)
{
GEN p1 = gnorml2(arch_for_T2(G, gmul(run, gel(POL,i)))); /* T2(POL[i]) */
if (!signe(p1)) continue;
if (lg(p1) == 3) break;
/* s += T2(POL[i]) / binomial(d,i) */
s = addrr(s, gdiv(p1, gel(bin,i+1)));
}
if (i > d) break;
prec = (prec<<1)-2;
if (prec > precnf)
{
nffp_t F; remake_GM(nf, &F, prec); G = F.G;
if (DEBUGLEVEL>1) pari_warn(warnprec, "nf_factor_bound", prec);
}
}
lt = leading_term(polbase);
s = gmul(s, mulis(sqri(lt), n));
C = powrshalf(stor(3,DEFAULTPREC), 3 + 2*d); /* 3^{3/2 + d} */
return gdiv(gmul(C, s), gmulsg(d, mppi(DEFAULTPREC)));
}
static GEN
QXQX_normalize(GEN P, GEN T)
{
GEN P0 = leading_term(P);
if (!gcmp1(P0))
{
long t = typ(P0);
if (t == t_POL && !degpol(P0)) P0 = gel(P0,2);
if (is_rational_t(t))
P = gdiv(P, P0);
else
P = RgXQX_RgXQ_mul(P, QXQ_inv(P0,T), T);
}
return P;
}
/* log N_{F_P/Q_p}(x) / deg_F P */
static GEN
vtilde_i(GEN K, GEN x, GEN T, GEN deg, GEN ell, long prec)
{
GEN L, N, cx;
if (typ(x) != t_POL) x = nf_to_scalar_or_alg(K, x);
x = Q_primitive_part(x,&cx);
N = RgXQ_norm(x, T);
L = Qp_log(cvtop(N,ell,prec));
if (cx)
{
Q_pvalrem(cx, ell, &cx);
if (!isint1(cx))
L = gadd(L, gmulsg(degpol(T), Qp_log(cvtop(cx,ell,prec))));
}
return gdiv(L, deg);
}
int do_factor(GEN n, long prec)
{
pari_sp ltop;
GEN sq = gfloor(gsqrt(n, prec));
GEN q = stoi(2);
ltop = avma;
for (;;) {
if (cmpii(q, sq) > 0)
return -1;
if (equalsi(0, gmod(n, q))) {
pari_printf("%Ps = %Ps * %Ps\n", n, q, gdiv(n, q));
return 0;
}
gaddz(gen_1, q, q);
avma = ltop;
}
}
static GEN
nf_DDF_roots(GEN pol, GEN polred, GEN nfpol, GEN lt, GEN init_fa, long nbf,
long fl, nflift_t *L)
{
long Cltx_r[] = { evaltyp(t_POL)|_evallg(4), 0,0,0 };
long i, m;
GEN C2ltpol, C = L->topowden;
GEN Clt = mul_content(C, lt);
GEN C2lt = mul_content(C,Clt);
GEN z;
if (L->Tpk)
{
int cof = (degpol(pol) > nbf); /* non trivial cofactor ? */
z = FqX_split_roots(init_fa, L->Tp, L->p, cof? polred: NULL);
z = hensel_lift_fact(polred, z, L->Tpk, L->p, L->pk, L->k);
if (cof) setlg(z, lg(z)-1); /* remove cofactor */
z = roots_from_deg1(z);
}
else
z = rootpadicfast(polred, L->p, L->k);
Cltx_r[1] = evalsigne(1) | evalvarn(varn(pol));
gel(Cltx_r,3) = Clt? Clt: gen_1;
C2ltpol = C2lt? gmul(C2lt, pol): pol;
for (m=1,i=1; i<lg(z); i++)
{
GEN q, r = gel(z,i);
r = nf_bestlift_to_pol(lt? gmul(lt,r): r, NULL, L);
gel(Cltx_r,2) = gneg(r); /* check P(r) == 0 */
q = RgXQX_divrem(C2ltpol, Cltx_r, nfpol, ONLY_DIVIDES); /* integral */
if (q) {
C2ltpol = C2lt? gmul(Clt,q): q;
if (Clt) r = gdiv(r, Clt);
gel(z,m++) = r;
}
else if (fl == 2) return cgetg(1, t_VEC);
}
z[0] = evaltyp(t_VEC) | evallg(m);
return z;
}
/* return the roots of pol in nf */
GEN
nfroots(GEN nf,GEN pol)
{
pari_sp av = avma;
GEN A,g, T;
long d;
if (!nf) return nfrootsQ(pol);
nf = checknf(nf); T = gel(nf,1);
if (typ(pol) != t_POL) pari_err(notpoler,"nfroots");
if (varncmp(varn(pol), varn(T)) >= 0)
pari_err(talker,"polynomial variable must have highest priority in nfroots");
d = degpol(pol);
if (d == 0) return cgetg(1,t_VEC);
if (d == 1)
{
A = gneg_i(gdiv(gel(pol,2),gel(pol,3)));
return gerepilecopy(av, mkvec( basistoalg(nf,A) ));
}
A = fix_relative_pol(nf,pol,0);
A = Q_primpart( lift_intern(A) );
if (DEBUGLEVEL>3) fprintferr("test if polynomial is square-free\n");
g = nfgcd(A, derivpol(A), T, gel(nf,4));
if (degpol(g))
{ /* not squarefree */
g = QXQX_normalize(g, T);
A = RgXQX_div(A,g,T);
}
A = QXQX_normalize(A, T);
A = Q_primpart(A);
A = nfsqff(nf,A,1);
A = RgXQV_to_mod(A, T);
return gerepileupto(av, gen_sort(A, 0, cmp_pol));
}
/* return the factorization of the square-free polynomial x.
The coeffs of x are in Z_nf and its leading term is a rational integer.
deg(x) > 1, deg(nfpol) > 1
If fl = 1, return only the roots of x in nf
If fl = 2, as fl=1 if pol splits, [] otherwise */
static GEN
nfsqff(GEN nf, GEN pol, long fl)
{
long n, nbf, dpol = degpol(pol);
GEN pr, C0, polbase, init_fa = NULL;
GEN N2, rep, polmod, polred, lt, nfpol = gel(nf,1);
nfcmbf_t T;
nflift_t L;
pari_timer ti, ti_tot;
if (DEBUGLEVEL>2) { TIMERstart(&ti); TIMERstart(&ti_tot); }
n = degpol(nfpol);
polbase = unifpol(nf, pol, t_COL);
if (typ(polbase) != t_POL) pari_err(typeer, "nfsqff");
polmod = lift_intern( unifpol(nf, pol, t_POLMOD) );
if (dpol == 1) return mkvec(QXQX_normalize(polmod, nfpol));
/* heuristic */
if (dpol*3 < n)
{
GEN z, t;
long i;
if (DEBUGLEVEL>2) fprintferr("Using Trager's method\n");
z = (GEN)polfnf(polmod, nfpol)[1];
if (fl) {
long l = lg(z);
for (i = 1; i < l; i++)
{
t = gel(z,i); if (degpol(t) > 1) break;
gel(z,i) = gneg(gdiv(gel(t,2), gel(t,3)));
}
setlg(z, i);
if (fl == 2 && i != l) return cgetg(1,t_VEC);
}
return z;
}
nbf = nf_pick_prime(5, nf, polbase, fl, <, &init_fa, &pr, &L.Tp);
if (fl == 2 && nbf < dpol) return cgetg(1,t_VEC);
if (nbf <= 1)
{
if (!fl) return mkvec(QXQX_normalize(polmod, nfpol)); /* irreducible */
if (!nbf) return cgetg(1,t_VEC); /* no root */
}
if (DEBUGLEVEL>2) {
msgTIMER(&ti, "choice of a prime ideal");
fprintferr("Prime ideal chosen: %Z\n", pr);
}
pol = simplify_i(lift(polmod));
L.tozk = gel(nf,8);
L.topow= Q_remove_denom(gel(nf,7), &L.topowden);
T.ZC = L2_bound(nf, L.tozk, &(T.dn));
T.Br = nf_root_bounds(pol, nf); if (lt) T.Br = gmul(T.Br, lt);
if (fl) C0 = normlp(T.Br, 2, n);
else C0 = nf_factor_bound(nf, polbase); /* bound for T_2(Q_i), Q | P */
T.bound = mulrr(T.ZC, C0); /* bound for |Q_i|^2 in Z^n on chosen Z-basis */
N2 = mulsr(dpol*dpol, normlp(T.Br, 4, n)); /* bound for T_2(lt * S_2) */
T.BS_2 = mulrr(T.ZC, N2); /* bound for |S_2|^2 on chosen Z-basis */
if (DEBUGLEVEL>2) {
msgTIMER(&ti, "bound computation");
fprintferr(" 1) T_2 bound for %s: %Z\n", fl?"root":"factor", C0);
fprintferr(" 2) Conversion from T_2 --> | |^2 bound : %Z\n", T.ZC);
fprintferr(" 3) Final bound: %Z\n", T.bound);
}
L.p = gel(pr,1);
if (L.Tp && degpol(L.Tp) == 1) L.Tp = NULL;
bestlift_init(0, nf, pr, T.bound, &L);
if (DEBUGLEVEL>2) TIMERstart(&ti);
polred = ZqX_normalize(polbase, lt, &L); /* monic */
if (fl) {
GEN z = nf_DDF_roots(pol, polred, nfpol, lt, init_fa, nbf, fl, &L);
if (lg(z) == 1) return cgetg(1, t_VEC);
return z;
}
{
pari_sp av = avma;
if (L.Tp)
rep = FqX_split_all(init_fa, L.Tp, L.p);
else
{
long d;
rep = cgetg(dpol + 1, t_VEC); gel(rep,1) = FpX_red(polred,L.p);
d = FpX_split_Berlekamp((GEN*)(rep + 1), L.p);
setlg(rep, d + 1);
}
T.fact = gerepilecopy(av, sort_vecpol(rep, &cmp_pol));
}
if (DEBUGLEVEL>2) msgTIMER(&ti, "splitting mod %Z", pr);
T.pr = pr;
T.L = &L;
T.polbase = polbase;
T.pol = pol;
T.nf = nf;
T.hint = 1; /* useless */
rep = nf_combine_factors(&T, polred, L.p, L.k, dpol-1);
if (DEBUGLEVEL>2)
fprintferr("Total Time: %ld\n===========\n", TIMER(&ti_tot));
return rep;
}
GEN gdive(GEN *x, GEN y)
{
*x=gdiv(*x,y);
return *x;
}
/* d = requested degree for subfield. Return DATA, valid for given pol, S and d
* If DATA != NULL, translate pol [ --> pol(X+1) ] and update DATA
* 1: polynomial pol
* 2: p^e (for Hensel lifts) such that p^e > max(M),
* 3: Hensel lift to precision p^e of DATA[4]
* 4: roots of pol in F_(p^S->lcm),
* 5: number of polynomial changes (translations)
* 6: Bezout coefficients associated to the S->ff[i]
* 7: Hadamard bound for coefficients of h(x) such that g o h = 0 mod pol.
* 8: bound M for polynomials defining subfields x PD->den
* 9: *[i] = interpolation polynomial for S->ff[i] [= 1 on the first root
S->firstroot[i], 0 on the others] */
static void
compute_data(blockdata *B)
{
GEN ffL, roo, pe, p1, p2, fk, fhk, MM, maxroot, pol;
primedata *S = B->S;
GEN p = S->p, T = S->T, ff = S->ff, DATA = B->DATA;
long i, j, l, e, N, lff = lg(ff);
if (DEBUGLEVEL>1) fprintferr("Entering compute_data()\n\n");
pol = B->PD->pol; N = degpol(pol);
roo = B->PD->roo;
if (DATA) /* update (translate) an existing DATA */
{
GEN Xm1 = gsub(pol_x[varn(pol)], gen_1);
GEN TR = addis(gel(DATA,5), 1);
GEN mTR = negi(TR), interp, bezoutC;
gel(DATA,5) = TR;
pol = translate_pol(gel(DATA,1), gen_m1);
l = lg(roo); p1 = cgetg(l, t_VEC);
for (i=1; i<l; i++) gel(p1,i) = gadd(TR, gel(roo,i));
roo = p1;
fk = gel(DATA,4); l = lg(fk);
for (i=1; i<l; i++) gel(fk,i) = gsub(Xm1, gel(fk,i));
bezoutC = gel(DATA,6); l = lg(bezoutC);
interp = gel(DATA,9);
for (i=1; i<l; i++)
{
if (degpol(interp[i]) > 0) /* do not turn pol_1[0] into gen_1 */
{
p1 = translate_pol(gel(interp,i), gen_m1);
gel(interp,i) = FpXX_red(p1, p);
}
if (degpol(bezoutC[i]) > 0)
{
p1 = translate_pol(gel(bezoutC,i), gen_m1);
gel(bezoutC,i) = FpXX_red(p1, p);
}
}
ff = cgetg(lff, t_VEC); /* copy, don't overwrite! */
for (i=1; i<lff; i++)
gel(ff,i) = FpX_red(translate_pol((GEN)S->ff[i], mTR), p);
}
else
{
DATA = cgetg(10,t_VEC);
fk = S->fk;
gel(DATA,5) = gen_0;
gel(DATA,6) = shallowcopy(S->bezoutC);
gel(DATA,9) = shallowcopy(S->interp);
}
gel(DATA,1) = pol;
MM = gmul2n(bound_for_coeff(B->d, roo, &maxroot), 1);
gel(DATA,8) = MM;
e = logint(shifti(vecmax(MM),20), p, &pe); /* overlift 2^20 [for d-1 test] */
gel(DATA,2) = pe;
gel(DATA,4) = roots_from_deg1(fk);
/* compute fhk = hensel_lift_fact(pol,fk,T,p,pe,e) in 2 steps
* 1) lift in Zp to precision p^e */
ffL = hensel_lift_fact(pol, ff, NULL, p, pe, e);
fhk = NULL;
for (l=i=1; i<lff; i++)
{ /* 2) lift factorization of ff[i] in Qp[X] / T */
GEN F, L = gel(ffL,i);
long di = degpol(L);
F = cgetg(di+1, t_VEC);
for (j=1; j<=di; j++) F[j] = fk[l++];
L = hensel_lift_fact(L, F, T, p, pe, e);
fhk = fhk? shallowconcat(fhk, L): L;
}
gel(DATA,3) = roots_from_deg1(fhk);
p1 = mulsr(N, gsqrt(gpowgs(utoipos(N-1),N-1),DEFAULTPREC));
p2 = gpowgs(maxroot, B->size + N*(N-1)/2);
p1 = gdiv(gmul(p1,p2), gsqrt(B->PD->dis,DEFAULTPREC));
gel(DATA,7) = mulii(shifti(ceil_safe(p1), 1), B->PD->den);
if (DEBUGLEVEL>1) {
fprintferr("f = %Z\n",DATA[1]);
fprintferr("p = %Z, lift to p^%ld\n", p, e);
fprintferr("2 * Hadamard bound * ind = %Z\n",DATA[7]);
fprintferr("2 * M = %Z\n",DATA[8]);
}
if (B->DATA) {
DATA = gclone(DATA);
if (isclone(B->DATA)) gunclone(B->DATA);
}
B->DATA = DATA;
}