/*
* Copy an expression, but replace all occurences of a given variable with a
* given expression.
*/
Exp *replace(Exp *body, int bind, Exp *arg) { // :-) YOU CAN DO IT!!!
if(isApp(body)) {
return newApp(replace(appFun(body), bind, arg),
replace(appArg(body), bind, arg));
}
else if(isAbs(body)) {
return newAbs(replace(absBody(body), bind + 1, arg));
}
else if(isVar(body)) {
if(varBind(body) == bind) {
return copyExp(arg);
}
else {
return copyExp(body);
}
}
else if(isCon(body) || isOpn(body)) {
return copyExp(body);
}
else {
printf("Error - unrecognised expression type in replace()\n");
assert(false);
return NULL;
}
}
/*
* Determine whether or not two expressions are equal.
*/
bool expEqual(Exp *e1, Exp *e2) {
if(isApp(e1)) {
if(!isApp(e2)) {
return false;
}
else {
return expEqual(appFun(e1), appFun(e2))
&& expEqual(appArg(e1), appArg(e2));
}
}
else if(isAbs(e1)) {
if(!isAbs(e2)) {
return false;
}
else {
return expEqual(absBody(e1), absBody(e2));
}
}
else if(isVar(e1)) {
if(!isVar(e2)) {
return false;
}
else {
return varBind(e1) == varBind(e2);
}
}
else if(isCon(e1)) {
if(!isCon(e2)) {
return false;
}
else {
return (conVal(e1) == conVal(e2)) && (conTy(e1) == conTy(e2));
}
}
else if(isOpn(e1)) {
if(!isOpn(e2)) {
return false;
}
else {
return opnType(e1) == opnType(e2);
}
}
else {
printf("Error - unrecognised expression type in expEqual()\n");
assert(false);
}
}
obj compare(int op, obj lt, obj rt){
if(op==EQ) return Int( equal(lt, rt));
if(op==NE) return Int(!equal(lt, rt));
obj (*fn)(obj, obj);
ValueType lty=lt->type, rty=rt->type;
switch(op){
case '>': fn = ccgt; break;
case '<': fn = cclt; break;
case GE: fn = ccge; break;
case LE: fn = ccle; break;
default: assert(0); return nil;
}
obj rr = fn(lt, rt);
if(rr) return rr;
// vector
curr_operator = op;
if(isCon(lty) && isCon(rty)) return applyCC(compare0, lt,rt);
if(isCon(lty)) return applyCS(compare0, lt,rt);
if(isCon(rty)) return applySC(compare0, lt,rt);
error("compare: type undefined.");
return nil;
}
obj call_fn(obj (*func)(obj, obj), obj lt, obj rt){
obj rr = func(lt,rt);
if(rr) return rr;
if(isCon(type(lt)) && isCon(type(rt))) return applyCC(func, lt,rt);
if(isCon(type(rt))) return applySC(func, lt,rt);
if(isCon(type(lt))) return applyCS(func, lt,rt);
// user defined operations
if(func==add){
static obj symadd = Symbol("add");
rr = udef_op2(symadd, lt,rt);
} else if(func==mult){
static obj symmul = Symbol("mul");
rr = udef_op2(symmul, lt,rt);
} else if(func==divide){
static obj symdiv = Symbol("div");
rr = udef_op2(symdiv, lt,rt);
} else if(func==power){
static obj sympow = Symbol("pow");
rr = udef_op2(sympow, lt,rt);
} else assert(0);
if(!rr) error(": operation not defined");
return rr;
}
/*
* Copy an expression, return a pointer to the newly allocated expression.
*/
Exp *copyExp(Exp *exp) {
if(isApp(exp)) {
return newApp(copyExp(appFun(exp)), copyExp(appArg(exp)));
}
else if(isAbs(exp)) {
return newAbs(copyExp(absBody(exp)));
}
else if(isVar(exp)) {
return newVar(varBind(exp));
}
else if(isCon(exp)) {
return newCon(conTy(exp), conVal(exp));
}
else if(isOpn(exp)) {
return newOpn(opnType(exp));
}
else {
printf("Error - unrecognised expression type in copyExp()\n");
assert(false);
}
}
/*
* Perform at least one reduction step on the given template.
*/
Exp *reduceTemplate(Exp *exp) {
// Conditionals
if(isApp(exp)
&& isApp(appFun(exp))
&& isApp(appFun(appFun(exp)))
&& isOpn(appFun(appFun(appFun(exp))))
&& (opnType(appFun(appFun(appFun(exp)))) == O_Cond)) {
Exp *guard = appArg(appFun(appFun(exp)));
Exp *truExp = appArg(appFun(exp));
Exp *falExp = appArg(exp);
// If the guard is true, return the true expression.
if(isCon(guard) && (conVal(guard) == true)) {
return copyExp(truExp);
}
// If the guard is false, return the false expression.
else if(isCon(guard) && (conVal(guard) == false)) {
return copyExp(falExp);
}
// If the guard is not reduced, reduce it.
else {
return newApp(newApp(newApp(
newOpn(O_Cond), reduceTemplate(guard)),
copyExp(truExp)), copyExp(falExp));
}
}
// End of conditional case
// Binary operations
else if(isApp(exp)
&& isApp(appFun(exp))
&& isBinaryOpn(appFun(appFun(exp)))) {
OpTy opn = opnType(appFun(appFun(exp)));
Exp *arg1 = appArg(appFun(exp));
Exp *arg2 = appArg(exp);
// Handle equality differently because it is polymorphic.
if(opn == O_Equ) {
Exp *redA1 = reduceTemplateNorm(arg1);
Exp *redA2 = reduceTemplateNorm(arg2);
bool same = expEqual(redA1, redA2);
freeExp(redA1);
freeExp(redA2);
return newCon(C_Bool, same);
}
else if(isApp(arg1) || isAbs(arg1) || isVar(arg1) || isOpn(arg1)) {
return newApp(
newApp(
newOpn(opn),
reduceTemplate(arg1)),
copyExp(arg2));
}
else if(isApp(arg2) || isAbs(arg2) || isVar(arg2) || isOpn(arg2)) {
return newApp(
newApp(
newOpn(opn),
copyExp(arg1)),
reduceTemplate(arg2));
}
else {
assert(isCon(arg1));
assert(isCon(arg2));
if(opn == O_Add) {
return newCon(C_Int, conVal(arg1) + conVal(arg2));
}
else if(opn == O_Sub) {
return newCon(C_Int, conVal(arg1) - conVal(arg2));
}
else if(opn == O_Mul) {
return newCon(C_Int, conVal(arg1) * conVal(arg2));
}
else if(opn == O_Div) {
return newCon(C_Int, conVal(arg1) / conVal(arg2));
}
else if(opn == O_Mod) {
return newCon(C_Int, conVal(arg1) % conVal(arg2));
}
else if(opn == O_Lss) {
return newCon(C_Bool, conVal(arg1) < conVal(arg2));
}
else if(opn == O_LsE) {
return newCon(C_Bool, conVal(arg1) <= conVal(arg2));
}
else if(opn == O_NEq) {
return newCon(C_Bool, conVal(arg1) != conVal(arg2));
}
else if(opn == O_Gtr) {
return newCon(C_Bool, conVal(arg1) > conVal(arg2));
}
else if(opn == O_GtE) {
return newCon(C_Bool, conVal(arg1) >= conVal(arg2));
}
else if(opn == O_Xor) {
return newCon(C_Bool, (!conVal(arg1)) != (!conVal(arg2)));
}
else if(opn == O_And) {
return newCon(C_Bool, conVal(arg1) && conVal(arg2));
}
else if(opn == O_Or ) {
return newCon(C_Bool, conVal(arg1) || conVal(arg2));
}
else {
printf("Error reducing binary operation - unrecognised "
"operation\n");
assert(false);
}
}
}
// End of binary operations case
// iszero & not unary operations
else if(isApp(exp)
&& isOpn(appFun(exp))
&& (opnType(appFun(exp)) == O_Not
|| opnType(appFun(exp)) == O_IsZ)) {
OpTy opn = opnType(appFun(exp));
Exp *arg = appArg(exp);
if(isApp(arg) || isAbs(arg) || isVar(arg) || isOpn(arg)) {
return newApp(newOpn(opn), reduceTemplate(arg));
}
else {
if(opn == O_Not) {
return newCon(C_Bool, !(conVal(arg)));
}
else {
assert(opn == O_IsZ);
return newCon(C_Bool, conVal(arg) == 0);
}
}
}
// End iszero & not unary operations case
// Polymorphic unary operations
// Null
else if(isApp(exp)
&& isOpn(appFun(exp))
&& (opnType(appFun(exp)) == O_Null)) {
Exp *arg = appArg(exp);
Exp *reducedArg = reduceTemplateNorm(arg);
if(isOpn(reducedArg) && (opnType(reducedArg) == O_Empty)) {
freeExp(reducedArg);
return newCon(C_Bool, true);
}
else {
freeExp(reducedArg);
return newCon(C_Bool, false);
}
}
// End Null
// Head and Tail
else if(isApp(exp)
&& isOpn(appFun(exp))
&& ((opnType(appFun(exp)) == O_Head)
|| (opnType(appFun(exp)) == O_Tail))) {
OpTy opn = opnType(appFun(exp));
Exp *arg = appArg(exp);
if(isApp(arg)
&& isApp(appFun(arg))
&& isOpn(appFun(appFun(arg)))
&& (opnType(appFun(appFun(arg)))) == O_Cons) {
Exp *head = appArg(appFun(arg));
Exp *tail = appArg(arg);
if(opn == O_Head) {
return copyExp(head);
}
else {
assert(opn == O_Tail);
return copyExp(tail);
}
}
else {
return newApp(newOpn(opn), reduceTemplate(arg));
}
}
// End Head and Tail
// Cons
else if(isApp(exp)
&& isOpn(appFun(exp))
&& (opnType(appFun(exp)) == O_Cons)) {
Exp *consArg = appArg(exp);
return newApp(newOpn(O_Cons), reduceTemplate(consArg));
}
// End Cons
// Sum operations
else if(isApp(exp)
&& isOpn(appFun(exp))
&& ((opnType(appFun(exp)) == O_RemL)
|| (opnType(appFun(exp)) == O_RemR))) {
OpTy opn = opnType(appFun(exp));
Exp *arg = appArg(exp);
if(isApp(arg)
&& isOpn(appFun(arg))
&& ((opnType(appFun(arg)) == O_InjL)
|| (opnType(appFun(arg)) == O_InjR))) {
OpTy innerOpn = opnType(appFun(arg));
Exp *innerArg = appArg(arg);
if(((opn == O_RemL) && (innerOpn == O_InjL))
|| ((opn == O_RemR) && (innerOpn == O_InjR))) {
return copyExp(innerArg);
}
else {
printf("Error - removed value from a non-sum expression or "
"wrong side of sum expression\n");
assert(false);
}
}
else {
return newApp(newOpn(opn), reduceTemplate(arg));
}
}
else if(isApp(exp)
&& isOpn(appFun(exp))
&& ((opnType(appFun(exp)) == O_InjL)
|| (opnType(appFun(exp)) == O_InjR))) {
OpTy opn = opnType(appFun(exp));
Exp *arg = appArg(exp);
return newApp(newOpn(opn), reduceTemplate(arg));
}
else if(isApp(exp)
&& isOpn(appFun(exp))
&& (opnType(appFun(exp)) == O_IsLeft)) {
Exp *arg = appArg(exp);
if(isApp(arg)
&& isOpn(appFun(arg))
&& ((opnType(appFun(arg)) == O_InjL)
|| (opnType(appFun(arg)) == O_InjR))) {
OpTy injOpn = opnType(appFun(arg));
return newCon(C_Bool, injOpn == O_InjL);
}
else {
return newApp(newOpn(O_IsLeft), reduceTemplate(arg));
}
}
// End sum operations
// Tuple operations
else if(isApp(exp)
&& isOpn(appFun(exp))
&& ((opnType(appFun(exp)) == O_Fst)
|| (opnType(appFun(exp)) == O_Snd))) {
OpTy opn = opnType(appFun(exp));
Exp *arg = appArg(exp);
if(isApp(arg)
&& isApp(appFun(arg))
&& isOpn(appFun(appFun(arg)))
&& (opnType(appFun(appFun(arg))) == O_Tuple)) {
Exp *fst = appArg(appFun(arg));
Exp *snd = appArg(arg);
return copyExp((opn == O_Fst) ? fst : snd);
}
else {
return newApp(newOpn(opn), reduceTemplate(arg));
}
}
else if(isApp(exp)
&& isOpn(appFun(exp))
&& (opnType(appFun(exp)) == O_Tuple)) {
Exp *arg = appArg(exp);
return newApp(newOpn(O_Tuple), reduceTemplate(arg));
}
// End Tuple operations
// Fixed point combinator
else if(isApp(exp)
&& isOpn(appFun(exp))
&& (opnType(appFun(exp)) == O_Fix)) {
return newApp(copyExp(appArg(exp)), copyExp(exp));
}
// End fixed point combinator
// End polymorphic unary operations
// Lambda abstractions
else if(isApp(exp)
&& isAbs(appFun(exp))) {
Exp *abs = appFun(exp);
Exp *arg = appArg(exp);
return replace(absBody(abs), 0, arg);
}
// End lambda abstractions
// Function calls
else if(isApp(exp)
&& isVar(appFun(exp))) {
Exp *var = appFun(exp);
Exp *arg = appArg(exp);
int bind = varBind(var);
if(hasFunc(bind)) {
return newApp(instantiate(bind), copyExp(arg));
}
else {
return newApp(copyExp(var), reduceTemplate(arg));
}
}
else if(isVar(exp)
&& hasFunc(varBind(exp))) {
return instantiate(varBind(exp));
}
// End function calls
// Catch-all application case
else if(isApp(exp)) {
Exp *fun = appFun(exp);
Exp *arg = appArg(exp);
return newApp(reduceTemplate(fun), reduceTemplate(arg));
}
// End catch-all application case
// If there are no reductions to make, return a copy of the given template.
else {
return copyExp(exp);
}
}
/*
* Print an expression to stdout.
*/
void printExp(Exp *exp) {
if(isApp(exp)) {
printf("(");
printExp(appFun(exp));
printf(" ");
printExp(appArg(exp));
printf(")");
}
else if(isAbs(exp)) {
printf("(\\ ");
printExp(absBody(exp));
printf(")");
}
else if(isVar(exp)) {
if(varBind(exp) >= 0) {
printf("V%d", varBind(exp));
}
else {
printf("F%d", -varBind(exp));
}
}
else if(isCon(exp) && (conTy(exp) == C_Bool) && (conVal(exp) == true)) {
printf("true");
}
else if(isCon(exp) && (conTy(exp) == C_Bool) && (conVal(exp) == false)) {
printf("false");
}
else if(isCon(exp) && (conTy(exp) == C_Char)) {
printf("\'%c\'", conVal(exp));
}
else if(isCon(exp)/* && (conTy(exp) == C_Int)*/) {
printf("%d", conVal(exp));
}
else if(isOpn(exp)) {
switch(opnType(exp)) {
case O_Cond : printf("cond") ; break;
case O_Add : printf("+") ; break;
case O_Sub : printf("-") ; break;
case O_Mul : printf("*") ; break;
case O_Div : printf("/") ; break;
case O_Mod : printf("%%") ; break;
case O_Lss : printf("<") ; break;
case O_LsE : printf("<=") ; break;
case O_NEq : printf("/=") ; break;
case O_Gtr : printf(">") ; break;
case O_GtE : printf(">=") ; break;
case O_Equ : printf("==") ; break;
case O_And : printf("and") ; break;
case O_Or : printf("or") ; break;
case O_Xor : printf("xor") ; break;
case O_Not : printf("not") ; break;
case O_IsZ : printf("iszero") ; break;
case O_Empty : printf("[]") ; break;
case O_Cons : printf(":") ; break;
case O_Null : printf("null") ; break;
case O_Head : printf("head") ; break;
case O_Tail : printf("tail") ; break;
case O_Fix : printf("fix") ; break;
case O_InjL : printf("injl") ; break;
case O_InjR : printf("injr") ; break;
case O_RemL : printf("reml") ; break;
case O_RemR : printf("remr") ; break;
case O_IsLeft : printf("isleft") ; break;
case O_Tuple : printf("tuple") ; break;
case O_Fst : printf("fst") ; break;
case O_Snd : printf("snd") ; break;
}
}
else {
printf("Error - unrecognised expression type in printExp()\n");
assert(false);
}
}
