//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
//-------------------------------MCTS Methods-----------------------------------
//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
void playRandomGame(Player p, Board &b) {
int movesPlayed = 1;
int i = 0;
Move last = MOVE_PASS;
// Regenerate the movelist up to 4 times
while (movesPlayed > 0 && i < 4) {
movesPlayed = 0;
i++;
MoveList legalMoves = b.getLegalMoves(p);
int koCount = 0;
// While we still have legal moves remaining
while (legalMoves.size() > 0) {
// Check if the last move put its own chain into atari
// Do not do this twice in a row to prevent infinite ko recapture
if (koCount == 0) {
Move cap = b.getPotentialCapture(last);
if (cap != MOVE_PASS) {
int ci = legalMoves.find(cap);
if (ci != -1)
legalMoves.removeFast(ci);
b.doMove(p, cap);
last = cap;
p = otherPlayer(p);
movesPlayed++;
koCount++;
continue;
}
}
// Otherwise, pick a move at random
std::uniform_int_distribution<int> distribution(0, legalMoves.size()-1);
int index = distribution(rng);
Move m = legalMoves.get(index);
// Only play moves that are not into own eyes and not suicides
if (!b.isEye(p, m) && b.isMoveValid(p, m)) {
b.doMove(p, m);
last = m;
p = otherPlayer(p);
movesPlayed++;
koCount = 0;
}
legalMoves.removeFast(index);
}
}
}
int UltimateTicTacToeMontecarloAI::expand(int leafIndex, Nodes& nodes, int const player) const
{
Node& node = nodes[leafIndex];
node.children.reserve(maxChildren);
Moves options = movementOptions(node.board, node.previousMove);
int turn = node.previousMove > 0 ? otherPlayer(node.board.grids.at(node.previousMove)) : player;
int mostPromisingChildIndex = -1;
int mostPromisingChildScore = 0;
while(node.children.size() < maxChildren && !options.empty())
{
Move move = options.takeAt(qrand() % options.size());
int childIndex = nodes.size();
node.children.append(childIndex);
Board newBoard(node.board);
nodes.append( Node {0, 1, playMove(newBoard, move, turn), move, leafIndex, Node::Children()});
int score = scoreBoard(nodes.last().board, player);
if(score > mostPromisingChildScore || mostPromisingChildIndex < 0)
{
mostPromisingChildIndex = childIndex;
mostPromisingChildScore = score;
}
}
return mostPromisingChildIndex;
}
void nextMove(char player, char board[3][3]){
int iboard[25];
int i,j,move;
pair best;
initializeBoard(iboard, board);
US = player;
THEM = otherPlayer(US);
timesCalled=0;
//printboard(iboard);
best = chooseMoveAB(iboard,player,INT_MIN,INT_MAX);
convert1dTo2d(best.move);
printf("chooseMoveAB timesCalled: %d bestMove:%d\n", timesCalled,best.move);
timesCalled=0;
//printboard(iboard);
best = chooseMove(iboard,player);
convert1dTo2d(best.move);
printf("chooseMove timesCalled: %d bestMove:%d\n", timesCalled,best.move);
timesCalled=0;
//printboard(iboard);
best = chooseMoveEvaluate(iboard,player);
convert1dTo2d(best.move);
printf("chooseMoveEvaluate timesCalled: %d bestMove:%d\n", timesCalled,best.move);
timesCalled=0;
//printboard(iboard);
best = chooseMoveABDepth(iboard,player,INT_MIN,INT_MAX);
convert1dTo2d(best.move);
printf("chooseMoveAB timesCalled: %d bestMove:%d\n", timesCalled,best.move);
}
void PlayerJoinEvent::Execute(vector<PlayerThread*>& rvPlayers,PlayerPool* pPlayerPool) {
if (rvPlayers.empty()) {
return;
}
//Write join message to chat
pPlayerPool->sendMessageToAll( _pSourcePlayer->getUsername() + " joined game" );
EntityPlayer NewPlayer(_pSourcePlayer);
for (int x=0; x<=rvPlayers.size()-1; x++) {
if (!(rvPlayers[x]->isAssigned() && rvPlayers[x]->isSpawned())) {
continue; /* Not spawned */
}
if (rvPlayers[x] == _pSourcePlayer) {
continue; /* dont spawn yourself to yourself */
}
rvPlayers[x]->PlayerInfoList(true,_pSourcePlayer->getUsername()); /* spawn name to playerlist */
if (MathHelper::distance2D(rvPlayers[x]->getCoordinates(),_pSourcePlayer->getCoordinates()) > 100.0) {
continue; /* You're too distant */
}
rvPlayers[x]->spawnEntity(&NewPlayer); /* Spawn entity */
/* Spawn other players to new player */
EntityPlayer otherPlayer(rvPlayers[x]);
_pSourcePlayer->spawnEntity(&otherPlayer);
}
}
bool Board::isMoveValid(Player p, Move m) {
if (m == MOVE_PASS)
return true;
int x = getX(m);
int y = getY(m);
assert(pieces[index(x, y)] == EMPTY);
// First check if the move makes a capture, since if so then
// it cannot possibly be a suicide
Player victim = otherPlayer(p);
int eastID = (pieces[index(x+1, y)] == victim) * chainID[index(x+1, y)];
int westID = (pieces[index(x-1, y)] == victim) * chainID[index(x-1, y)];
int northID = (pieces[index(x, y+1)] == victim) * chainID[index(x, y+1)];
int southID = (pieces[index(x, y-1)] == victim) * chainID[index(x, y-1)];
if (eastID) {
Chain *node = nullptr;
searchChainsByID(node, eastID);
if (node->liberties == 1)
return true;
}
if (westID) {
Chain *node = nullptr;
searchChainsByID(node, westID);
if (node->liberties == 1)
return true;
}
if (northID) {
Chain *node = nullptr;
searchChainsByID(node, northID);
if (node->liberties == 1)
return true;
}
if (southID) {
Chain *node = nullptr;
searchChainsByID(node, southID);
if (node->liberties == 1)
return true;
}
if (isEye(victim, m))
return false;
pieces[index(x, y)] = p;
// Suicides are illegal
if (pieces[index(x+1, y)] && pieces[index(x-1, y)]
&& pieces[index(x, y+1)] && pieces[index(x, y-1)]) {
if (doCaptures<false>(p, coordToMove(x, y))) {
pieces[index(x, y)] = EMPTY;
return false;
}
}
pieces[index(x, y)] = EMPTY;
return true;
}
void testApp::fire(int player) {
Player& me = players[player];
//cout << "players (0: " << players[0].life << "," << players[0].lastId << "," << players[0].position << ")" << endl;
//cout << "players (1: " << players[1].life << "," << players[1].lastId << "," << players[1].position << ")" << endl;
if(me.life > 0) {
Player& you = players[otherPlayer(player)];
ofVec2f position = me.position;
ofVec2f velocity = you.position - me.position;
projectiles.push_back(Projectile(player, position, velocity));
}
}
int UltimateTicTacToeMontecarloAI::simulate(Board board, int const previousMove, int const player) const
{
int turn = previousMove > 0 ? otherPlayer(board.grids.at(previousMove)) : player;
GameState state = gameState(board, player);
Move prev = previousMove;
while(state == GameState::UNRESOLVED)
{
Moves options = movementOptions(board, prev);
Move option = options.at(qrand() % options.size());
playMove(board, option, turn);
turn = otherPlayer(turn);
state = gameState(board, player);
prev = option;
}
switch(state)
{
case GameState::WIN: return 1;
case GameState::LOSE: return -1;
default: return 0;
}
}
void scoreGame(Player p, Board &b, float &myScore, float &oppScore) {
int whiteTerritory = 0, blackTerritory = 0;
b.countTerritory(whiteTerritory, blackTerritory);
myScore = b.getCapturedStones(p)
+ ((p == BLACK) ? blackTerritory : whiteTerritory);
oppScore = b.getCapturedStones(otherPlayer(p))
+ ((p == BLACK) ? whiteTerritory : blackTerritory);
if (p == WHITE)
myScore += komi;
else
oppScore += komi;
}
int testApp::getId(int realid) {
// converts realid to 0 or 1
int id;
bool exists = false;
for(int i = 0; i < players.size(); i++) {
if(players[i].lastId == realid) {
id = i;
exists = true;
}
}
if(!exists) {
id = curPlayer;
players[id].lastId = realid;
curPlayer = otherPlayer(curPlayer);
}
return id;
}
GameState& GameState::move(Direction direction)
{
lastMoveCode_ = getMoveCode(direction);
getField_(currentPosition_).setOccupied_(direction);
currentPosition_ = currentPosition_.getNeighbor(direction);
getField_(currentPosition_).setOccupied_(reverseDirection(direction));
if(!canRebound() && !isBlocked())
{
currentPlayer_ = otherPlayer(currentPlayer_);
if(currentPlayer_ == PLAYER_1)
++turnNumber_;
}
++moveNumber_;
return *this;
}
GameState& GameState::undo(Direction direction)
{
lastMoveCode_ = -1;
if(!canRebound() && !isBlocked())
{
if(currentPlayer_ == PLAYER_1)
--turnNumber_;
currentPlayer_ = otherPlayer(currentPlayer_);
}
direction = reverseDirection(direction);
getField_(currentPosition_).setOccupied_(direction, false);
currentPosition_ = currentPosition_.getNeighbor(direction);
getField_(currentPosition_).setOccupied_(reverseDirection(direction), false);
--moveNumber_;
return *this;
}
UltimateTicTacToeMontecarloAI::GameState UltimateTicTacToeMontecarloAI::gameState(Board const& board, int player) const
{
int winner = gridWinner(board.bigGrid);
if(winner == player)
{
return GameState::WIN;
}
else if(winner == otherPlayer(player))
{
return GameState::LOSE;
}
else if(boardFull(board))
{
return GameState::TIE;
}
else
{
return GameState::UNRESOLVED;
}
}
void PlayerMoveEvent::Execute(vector<PlayerThread*>& rvPlayers,PlayerPool* pPlayerPool) {
if (rvPlayers.empty()) {
return;
}
EntityPlayer Player(_pSourcePlayer);
for (int x=0; x<=rvPlayers.size()-1; x++) {
if (!(rvPlayers[x]->isAssigned() && rvPlayers[x]->isSpawned())) {
continue; /* not spawned */
}
if (rvPlayers[x] == _pSourcePlayer) {
continue; /* filter yourself */
}
if (MathHelper::distance2D(rvPlayers[x]->getCoordinates(),_newCoordinates) > FC_PLAYERSPAWNRADIUS) { /* Too distant from other player*/
if (rvPlayers[x]->isEntitySpawned(_pSourcePlayer->getEntityID())) { /* despawn me*/
rvPlayers[x]->despawnEntity(_pSourcePlayer->getEntityID());
}
continue;
} else { /* Spawn other players into my view circle */
if (!_pSourcePlayer->isEntitySpawned(rvPlayers[x]->getEntityID())) { /* other is not spawned to me */
EntityPlayer otherPlayer(rvPlayers[x]);
_pSourcePlayer->spawnEntity(&otherPlayer);
continue;
}
}
/* Update my position to other players */
if (!rvPlayers[x]->isEntitySpawned(_pSourcePlayer->getEntityID())) { /* if I'm not spawned -> spawn me */
rvPlayers[x]->spawnEntity(&Player);
} else { //Already spawned -> update position
rvPlayers[x]->updateEntityPosition(&Player);
}
}
}
/*
* Updates the board with a move. Assumes that the move is legal.
*/
void Board::doMove(Player p, Move m) {
if (m == MOVE_PASS)
return;
int x = getX(m);
int y = getY(m);
assert(pieces[index(x, y)] == EMPTY);
assert(chainID[index(x, y)] == 0);
pieces[index(x, y)] = p;
zobristKey ^= zobristTable[zobristIndex(p, x, y)];
Player victim = otherPlayer(p);
Stone east = pieces[index(x+1, y)];
Stone west = pieces[index(x-1, y)];
Stone north = pieces[index(x, y+1)];
Stone south = pieces[index(x, y-1)];
int connectionCount = (east == p) + (west == p) + (north == p) + (south == p);
// If the stone placed is a new chain
if (connectionCount == 0) {
// Record which chain this square is a part of
chainID[index(x, y)] = nextID;
// Add this chain to the list of chains
Chain *cargo = new Chain(p, nextID);
cargo->add(m);
cargo->liberties = 0;
if (east == EMPTY)
cargo->addLiberty(coordToMove(x+1, y));
if (west == EMPTY)
cargo->addLiberty(coordToMove(x-1, y));
if (north == EMPTY)
cargo->addLiberty(coordToMove(x, y+1));
if (south == EMPTY)
cargo->addLiberty(coordToMove(x, y-1));
chainList.add(cargo);
nextID++;
}
// If the stone placed is added to an existing chain
else if (connectionCount == 1) {
// Find the ID of the chain we are adding this stone to
int thisID;
if (east == p)
thisID = chainID[index(x+1, y)];
else if (west == p)
thisID = chainID[index(x-1, y)];
else if (north == p)
thisID = chainID[index(x, y+1)];
else
thisID = chainID[index(x, y-1)];
chainID[index(x, y)] = thisID;
Chain *node = nullptr;
searchChainsByID(node, thisID);
node->add(m);
// The new stone occupies a previous liberty, but adds on however many
// liberties it itself has
node->removeLiberty(node->findLiberty(m));
updateLiberty(node, x, y);
}
// If the stone possibly connects two existing chains
else {
int eastID = (east == p) * chainID[index(x+1, y)];
int westID = (west == p) * chainID[index(x-1, y)];
int northID = (north == p) * chainID[index(x, y+1)];
int southID = (south == p) * chainID[index(x, y-1)];
Chain *node = nullptr;
bool added = false;
if (eastID) {
chainID[index(x, y)] = eastID;
searchChainsByID(node, eastID);
node->add(m);
node->removeLiberty(node->findLiberty(m));
updateLiberty(node, x, y);
added = true;
}
if (westID) {
if (added) {
// If two stones from the same chain are adjacent, do nothing
// If they are from different chains, we need to combine...
if (westID != eastID)
mergeChains(node, westID, m);
}
else {
chainID[index(x, y)] = westID;
searchChainsByID(node, westID);
node->add(m);
node->removeLiberty(node->findLiberty(m));
updateLiberty(node, x, y);
added = true;
}
}
if (northID) {
if (added) {
if (northID != eastID && northID != westID)
mergeChains(node, northID, m);
}
else {
chainID[index(x, y)] = northID;
searchChainsByID(node, northID);
node->add(m);
node->removeLiberty(node->findLiberty(m));
updateLiberty(node, x, y);
added = true;
}
}
if (southID) {
if (added) {
if (southID != eastID && southID != westID && southID != northID)
mergeChains(node, southID, m);
}
else {
chainID[index(x, y)] = southID;
searchChainsByID(node, southID);
node->add(m);
node->removeLiberty(node->findLiberty(m));
updateLiberty(node, x, y);
added = true;
}
}
}
// Update opponent liberties
int eastID = (east == victim) * chainID[index(x+1, y)];
int westID = (west == victim) * chainID[index(x-1, y)];
int northID = (north == victim) * chainID[index(x, y+1)];
int southID = (south == victim) * chainID[index(x, y-1)];
if (eastID) {
Chain *node = nullptr;
int nodeIndex = searchChainsByID(node, eastID);
node->removeLiberty(node->findLiberty(m));
if (node->liberties == 0)
captureChain(node, nodeIndex);
}
if (westID && westID != eastID) {
Chain *node = nullptr;
int nodeIndex = searchChainsByID(node, westID);
node->removeLiberty(node->findLiberty(m));
if (node->liberties == 0)
captureChain(node, nodeIndex);
}
if (northID && northID != eastID && northID != westID) {
Chain *node = nullptr;
int nodeIndex = searchChainsByID(node, northID);
node->removeLiberty(node->findLiberty(m));
if (node->liberties == 0)
captureChain(node, nodeIndex);
}
if (southID && southID != eastID && southID != westID && southID != northID) {
Chain *node = nullptr;
int nodeIndex = searchChainsByID(node, southID);
node->removeLiberty(node->findLiberty(m));
if (node->liberties == 0)
captureChain(node, nodeIndex);
}
// Check for a suicide
int selfID = chainID[index(x, y)];
Chain *node = nullptr;
int nodeIndex = searchChainsByID(node, selfID);
if (node->liberties == 0)
captureChain(node, nodeIndex);
// A debugging check
assert(!checkChains());
// Check if p captured any of the other player's stones with move m
/*
doCaptures<true>(victim, coordToMove(x+1, y));
doCaptures<true>(victim, coordToMove(x-1, y));
doCaptures<true>(victim, coordToMove(x, y+1));
doCaptures<true>(victim, coordToMove(x, y-1));
// Check if p suicided with move m
doCaptures<true>(p, coordToMove(x, y));
*/
}
Player GameState::whoWon() const
{
return currentPosition_.y == height_ / 2 ? PLAYER_1 :
currentPosition_.y == -height_ / 2 ? PLAYER_2 :
isBlocked() ? otherPlayer(currentPlayer_) : NO_PLAYER;
}
pair chooseMoveEvaluate (int* iboard, int player) {
ASSERT(player == XPL || player == OPL);
pair myBest = {0,-1};
pair reply;
int i, move;
int moveCount=0, moveList[9];
//default score
if(player == US){
myBest.score = INT_MIN;
} else {
myBest.score = INT_MAX;
}
timesCalled++;
pair temp;
temp.score = 0;
temp.move = -1;
if(didHeWin(iboard,US)) {
//printf("%c WON\n",US);
//printf("=====returning{1}====================\n");
//printboard(iboard);
//temp.score = 10+timesCalled;
temp.score = evaluateBoard(iboard);
return temp;
} else if(didHeWin(iboard,THEM)) {
//printf("%c WON\n",THEM);
//printf("=====returning{-1}====================\n");
//printboard(iboard);
//temp.score = -10-timesCalled;
temp.score = evaluateBoard(iboard);
return temp;
} else if(isBoardFull(iboard)) {
//printf("FULL\n");
//printf("=====returning{0}====================\n");
//temp.score = 0;
return temp;
}
// get legal moves
for(i = 0; i < 9; i++) {
if( iboard[convert9To25[cellScoreOrdered[i]]] == EMPTY) {
moveList[moveCount++] = convert9To25[cellScoreOrdered[i]];
}
}
// for(i = 0; i < 9; i++) {
// if( iboard[convert9To25[i]] == EMPTY) {
// moveList[moveCount++] = convert9To25[i];
// }
// }
// any legal move
//myBest.move = pickValuedMove(moveList,moveCount);
//printf("Move by %c;*********************************************\n",player);
//for(i=0; i < moveCount; i++) {
//printf("%d ", moveList[i]);
//}
//printf("\n");
for(i=0; i < moveCount; i++) {
move = moveList[i];
iboard[move] = player;
//printf("%c(to move(%d/%d) %d);best:%d ;reply:%d \n",
// player,i+1,moveCount,move,myBest.score,reply.score);
//printboard(iboard);
reply = chooseMove(iboard, otherPlayer(player));
iboard[move] = EMPTY;
//printf("RESET %c(to move(%d/%d) %d);best:%d ;reply:%d \n",
// player,i+1,moveCount,move,myBest.score,reply.score);
if( // maximizinf by selecting opponents less score
(player == US && myBest.score < reply.score) ||
// minimizing by letting them select high score
(player == THEM && myBest.score > reply.score)){
// printf("%c SCORE CHANGED (score:%d, best move:%d)!!\n",
// player,reply.score,move);
myBest.score = reply.score;
myBest.move = move;
}
}
return myBest;
}
GameResult RunAIGame::play(Depth depth, BoardWidth size, RulesType rules, bool contenderFirst)
{
for (int i=0; i<=1; i++)
{
PenteGame *p = _players[i];
p->restartGame();
p->setColour(i+1);
p->setNormalDepth(depth);
p->setBoardSize(size);
p->setRules(rules);
}
int toMove = P1;
AlphaBeta ab_games[2] = {
AlphaBeta(*_players[0]),
AlphaBeta(*_players[1])
};
GameResult res = GameResult();
res._depth = std::to_string((int)depth);
res._size = std::to_string((int)size);
res._rules = rules;
res._contenderP = (contenderFirst ? "P1" : "P2");
Colour winner = EMPTY;
while (winner == EMPTY)
{
Timer tmr;
Loc bestMove = ab_games[toMove-1].getBestMove();
if (!_silent) {
std::cout << bestMove << std::endl;
}
res._times[toMove-1] += tmr.elapsed();
assert(_players[0]->isLegalMove(bestMove));
_players[0]->makeMove(bestMove, toMove);
_players[1]->makeMove(bestMove, toMove);
toMove = otherPlayer(toMove);
winner = _players[1]->getWonBy();
if (!_silent) {
// TODO: Use another flag for games
_players[0]->print();
#if 0
const PriorityLevel &p1Threes
= _players[0]->_posStats.getPriorityLevel(P1, Line3);
const PriorityLevel &p2Threes
= _players[0]->_posStats.getPriorityLevel(P2, Line3);
const PriorityLevel &p1Fours
= _players[0]->_posStats.getPriorityLevel(P1, Line4);
const PriorityLevel &p2Fours
= _players[0]->_posStats.getPriorityLevel(P2, Line4);
cout << "P1 3s: " << p1Threes.getNumCands()
<< "; P2 3s: " << p2Threes.getNumCands()
<< "; P1 4s: " << p1Fours.getNumCands()
<< "; P2 4s: " << p2Fours.getNumCands() << endl;
#endif
}
}
res._winnerWasContender = ((winner==P2) xor contenderFirst);
return res;
}
Move generateMove(Player p, Move lastMove) {
MoveList legalMoves = game.getLegalMoves(p);
MoveList localMoves = game.getLocalMoves(lastMove);
// Pass if every move is either into your own eye, a suicide, or places
// a chain into atari
bool playPass = true;
for (unsigned int n = 0; n < legalMoves.size(); n++) {
Board copy = Board(game);
Move m = legalMoves.get(n);
if (!copy.isMoveValid(otherPlayer(p), m) && copy.isEye(p, m))
continue;
if (!copy.isMoveValid(p, m))
continue;
copy.doMove(p, m);
if (copy.isInAtari(m))
continue;
playPass = false;
break;
}
if (playPass)
return MOVE_PASS;
MCTree searchTree;
float komiAdjustment = 0.0;
Move captureLastStone = game.getPotentialCapture(lastMove);
Move potentialEscape = game.getPotentialEscape(p, lastMove);
// Add all first-level moves
for (unsigned int n = 0; n < legalMoves.size(); n++) {
Board copy = Board(game);
Player genPlayer = p;
Move next = legalMoves.get(n);
// Check legality of moves (suicide)
if (!copy.isMoveValid(genPlayer, next))
continue;
copy.doMove(genPlayer, next);
// Never place own chain in atari
if (copy.isInAtari(next))
continue;
// Check for ko rule violation
bool koViolation = false;
if (next != MOVE_PASS) {
uint64_t newKey = copy.getZobristKey();
for (int i = keyStackSize-1; i >= 0; i--) {
if (newKey == keyStack[i]) {
koViolation = true;
break;
}
}
}
if (koViolation)
continue;
// First level moves are added to the root
MCNode *leaf = searchTree.root;
MCNode *addition = new MCNode();
addition->parent = leaf;
addition->m = next;
// Play out a random game. The final board state will be stored in copy.
playRandomGame(otherPlayer(genPlayer), copy);
// Score the game
float myScore = 0.0, oppScore = 0.0;
scoreGame(genPlayer, copy, myScore, oppScore);
if (myScore > oppScore)
addition->numerator++;
addition->scoreDiff = ((int) myScore) - ((int) oppScore);
komiAdjustment += myScore - oppScore;
// Add the new node to the tree
leaf->children[leaf->size] = addition;
leaf->size++;
// Backpropagate the results
searchTree.backPropagate(addition);
// Do priors, if any
// Own eye and opening priors inspired by Pachi,
// written by Petr Baudis and Jean-loup Gailly
int basePrior = boardSize * boardSize / 8;
// Discourage playing into own eyes
if (game.isEye(genPlayer, next)) {
addition->denominator += basePrior;
// If this eye is not ko-related we almost certainly should not play
// in it
if (!game.isMoveValid(otherPlayer(genPlayer), next)) {
addition->denominator += 10 * basePrior;
addition->scoreDiff -= 10 * 360;
}
}
// Discourage playing onto edges and encourage playing onto the 4th line
// in 13x13 and 19x19 openings
unsigned int openingMoves = boardSize * boardSize - boardSize;
if ((boardSize == 13 || boardSize == 19) && legalMoves.size() > openingMoves) {
int x = getX(next);
int y = getY(next);
if (x == 1 || x == 19 || y == 1 || y == 19) {
addition->denominator += 2 * basePrior;
}
else {
int taperedPrior = basePrior * (legalMoves.size() - openingMoves) / boardSize;
if (x == 4 || x == boardSize-3) {
addition->numerator += 2 * taperedPrior;
addition->denominator += 2 * taperedPrior;
}
if (y == 4 || y == boardSize-3) {
addition->numerator += 2 * taperedPrior;
addition->denominator += 2 * taperedPrior;
}
if (x == 3 || x == boardSize-2 || y == 3 || y == boardSize-2) {
addition->numerator += taperedPrior;
addition->denominator += taperedPrior;
}
}
}
// And the same for 9x9
else if (boardSize == 9 && legalMoves.size() > openingMoves) {
int x = getX(next);
int y = getY(next);
if (x == 1 || x == boardSize || y == 1 || y == boardSize) {
addition->denominator += 2 * basePrior;
}
else {
int taperedPrior = basePrior * (legalMoves.size() - openingMoves) / boardSize;
if (x == 3 || x == boardSize-2) {
addition->numerator += 2 * taperedPrior;
addition->denominator += 2 * taperedPrior;
}
if (y == 3 || y == boardSize-2) {
addition->numerator += 2 * taperedPrior;
addition->denominator += 2 * taperedPrior;
}
}
}
// Add a bonus for capturing a chain that the opponent placed
// into atari on the previous move
if (next == captureLastStone) {
addition->numerator += 5 * basePrior;
addition->denominator += 5 * basePrior;
}
// Add a bonus for escaping when the opponent's last move
// placed our chain into atari
if (next == potentialEscape) {
addition->numerator += 5 * basePrior;
addition->denominator += 5 * basePrior;
}
// Add a bonus to local moves
if (legalMoves.size() < openingMoves) {
int li = localMoves.find(next);
if (li != -1) {
localMoves.removeFast(li);
}
else {
addition->numerator += basePrior;
addition->denominator += 2 * basePrior;
}
}
}
// If we have no moves that are ko-legal, pass.
if (searchTree.root->size == 0)
return MOVE_PASS;
// Calculate an estimate of a komi adjustment
komiAdjustment /= legalMoves.size();
// Expand the MC tree iteratively
for (int n = 0; n < playouts; n++) {
Board copy = Board(game);
Player genPlayer = p;
// Find a node in the tree to add a child to
int depth = -1;
MCNode *leaf = searchTree.findLeaf(genPlayer, copy, depth);
MCNode *addition = new MCNode();
addition->parent = leaf;
MoveList candidates = copy.getLegalMoves(genPlayer);
candidates.add(MOVE_PASS);
// Set up a permutation matrix
int *permutation = new int[candidates.size()];
// Fisher-Yates shuffle
for (unsigned int i = 0; i < candidates.size(); i++) {
std::uniform_int_distribution<int> distribution(0, i);
int j = distribution(rng);
permutation[i] = permutation[j];
permutation[j] = i;
}
// Find a random move that has not been explored yet
Move next = 0;
for (unsigned int i = 0; i < candidates.size(); i++) {
next = candidates.get(permutation[i]);
bool used = false;
for (int j = 0; j < leaf->size; j++) {
if (next == leaf->children[j]->m) {
used = true;
break;
}
}
if (!used && copy.isMoveValid(genPlayer, next))
break;
}
delete[] permutation;
addition->m = next;
copy.doMove(genPlayer, next);
// Play out a random game. The final board state will be stored in copy.
playRandomGame(otherPlayer(genPlayer), copy);
// Score the game... somehow...
float myScore = 0.0, oppScore = 0.0;
scoreGame(genPlayer, copy, myScore, oppScore);
myScore += (genPlayer == p) ? -komiAdjustment : komiAdjustment;
if (myScore > oppScore) {
addition->numerator++;
// If the node is not a child of root
if (depth)
raveTable.inc(next, depth);
}
else {
if (depth)
raveTable.dec(next, depth);
}
addition->scoreDiff = ((int) myScore) - ((int) oppScore);
// Add the new node to the tree
leaf->children[leaf->size] = addition;
leaf->size++;
// Backpropagate the results
searchTree.backPropagate(addition);
}
// Find the highest scoring move
Move bestMove = searchTree.root->children[0]->m;
double bestScore = 0.0;
int64_t diff = -(1 << 30);
int maxRAVE = raveTable.max();
for (int i = 0; i < searchTree.root->size; i++) {
double candidateScore = (double) searchTree.root->children[i]->numerator
/ (double) searchTree.root->children[i]->denominator;
// + (double) raveTable.score(searchTree.root->children[i]->m)
// / ((double) maxRAVE)
// / (16 + std::sqrt(searchTree.root->children[i]->denominator))
// + (double) searchTree.root->children[i]->scoreDiff
// / (double) (360 * 32);
// if (candidateScore > bestScore) {
// bestScore = candidateScore;
// bestMove = searchTree.root->children[i]->m;
// }
if (debugOutput) {
std::cerr << "(" << getX(searchTree.root->children[i]->m) << ", "
<< getY(searchTree.root->children[i]->m) << "): "
<< searchTree.root->children[i]->numerator << " / "
<< searchTree.root->children[i]->denominator << std::endl;
}
if (candidateScore > bestScore
|| (candidateScore == bestScore && searchTree.root->children[i]->scoreDiff > diff)) {
bestScore = candidateScore;
bestMove = searchTree.root->children[i]->m;
diff = searchTree.root->children[i]->scoreDiff;
}
}
raveTable.age();
return bestMove;
}
// Counts the territory each side owns
void Board::countTerritory(int &whiteTerritory, int &blackTerritory) {
whiteTerritory = 0;
blackTerritory = 0;
Stone *visited = new Stone[arraySize*arraySize];
Stone *territory = new Stone[arraySize*arraySize];
Stone *region = new Stone[arraySize*arraySize];
// Count territory for both sides
for (Player p = BLACK; p <= WHITE; p++) {
// Reset the visited array
for (int i = 0; i < arraySize*arraySize; i++)
visited[i] = 0;
// Main loop
for (int j = 1; j <= boardSize; j++) {
for (int i = 1; i <= boardSize; i++) {
// Don't recount territory
if (visited[index(i, j)])
continue;
// Only use empty squares as seeds
if (pieces[index(i, j)])
continue;
if (isEye(p, coordToMove(i, j))) {
visited[index(i, j)] = 1;
if (p == BLACK)
blackTerritory++;
else
whiteTerritory++;
continue;
}
for (int k = 0; k < arraySize*arraySize; k++)
territory[k] = 0;
int territorySize = 0;
int boundarySize = 0;
getTerritory(p, i, j, visited, territory, territorySize, boundarySize);
// Check if territory was actually sectioned off
if (territorySize + boundarySize == boardSize*boardSize)
continue;
// Detect life/death of internal stones
// Initialize region to 0 if territory is 1, and vice versa
// This acts as our "visited" array, so that we only explore areas
// inside the territory
// bool isContested = false;
// for (int n = 1; n <= boardSize; n++) {
// for (int m = 1; m <= boardSize; m++) {
// if (!territory[index(m, n)])
// continue;
// if (pieces[index(m, n)] == otherPlayer(p)) {
// isContested = true;
// break;
// }
// }
// }
// if (!isContested) {
// if (p == BLACK)
// blackTerritory += territorySize;
// else
// whiteTerritory += territorySize;
// }
for (int k = 0; k < arraySize*arraySize; k++)
region[k] = territory[k] ^ 1;
int internalRegions = 0;
for (int n = 1; n <= boardSize; n++) {
for (int m = 1; m <= boardSize; m++) {
if (region[index(m, n)])
continue;
if (pieces[index(m, n)])
continue;
MoveList eye;
if (isSurrounded(EMPTY, p, m, n, region, eye))
internalRegions++;
}
}
int territoryCount = 0;
if (internalRegions == 0) {
territoryCount += territorySize;
// Score dead stones
for (int k = 0; k < arraySize*arraySize; k++)
if (territory[k] && pieces[k] == otherPlayer(p))
territoryCount++;
}
if (p == BLACK)
blackTerritory += territoryCount;
else
whiteTerritory += territoryCount;
}
}
}
delete[] visited;
delete[] territory;
delete[] region;
}
pair chooseMoveABDepth (int* iboard, int player, int alpha, int beta) {
ASSERT(player == XPL || player == OPL);
pair myBest = {0,-1};
pair reply;
int i,j, move;
int moveCount=0, moveList[9];
//default score
if(player == US){
myBest.score = alpha;
} else {
myBest.score = beta;
}
timesCalled++;
pair temp;
//temp.score = evaluateBoard(iboard);
temp.move = -1;
// if(level == 0){
// temp.score = evaluateBoard(iboard);
// return temp;
// }
if(didHeWin(iboard,US)) {
//printf("%c WON\n",US);
//printboard(iboard);
//temp.score = evaluateBoard(iboard);
temp.score = evaluatePosition(iboard,US);
return temp;
} else if(didHeWin(iboard,THEM)) {
//printf("%c WON\n",THEM);
//printboard(iboard);
//temp.score = evaluateBoard(iboard);
temp.score = evaluatePosition(iboard,US);
return temp;
} else if(isBoardFull(iboard)) {
//printf("FULL\n");
//printboard(iboard);
temp.score = evaluatePosition(iboard,US);
return temp;
}
// get legal moves in25
for(i = 0; i < 9; i++) {
if( iboard[convert9To25[i]] == EMPTY) {
moveList[moveCount++] = convert9To25[i];
}
}
// for(i = 0; i < 9; i++) {
// if( iboard[convert9To25[cellScoreOrdered[i]]] == EMPTY) {
// moveList[moveCount++] = convert9To25[cellScoreOrdered[i]];
// }
// }
myBest.move = moveList[0];
for(i=0; i < moveCount; i++) {
move = moveList[i];
iboard[move] = player;
reply = chooseMoveAB(iboard, otherPlayer(player),alpha,beta);
iboard[move] = EMPTY;
// maximum lower bound of possible solutions
if(player == US && myBest.score < reply.score){
alpha = reply.score;
myBest.score = evaluatePosition(iboard,US);
myBest.move = move;
}
// minimum upper bound of possible solutions
else if (player == THEM && myBest.score > reply.score){
beta = reply.score;
myBest.score = reply.score;
myBest.move = move;
}
if(alpha >= beta){
return myBest;
}
}
return myBest;
}