void
do_pgr_maximum_cardinality_matching(
    pgr_basic_edge_t *data_edges,
    size_t total_tuples,
    bool directed,

    pgr_basic_edge_t **return_tuples,
    size_t *return_count,

    char** log_msg,
    char** notice_msg,
    char **err_msg) {
    std::ostringstream log;
    std::ostringstream notice;
    std::ostringstream err;

    try {
        std::vector<pgr_basic_edge_t> matched_vertices;

        if (directed) {
            pgrouting::flow::PgrCardinalityGraph<
                pgrouting::BasicDirectedGraph> G;
            G.create_max_cardinality_graph(data_edges, total_tuples);
            std::vector<int64_t> mate_map(boost::num_vertices(G.boost_graph));
            G.maximum_cardinality_matching(mate_map);
            G.get_matched_vertices(matched_vertices, mate_map);
        } else {
            pgrouting::flow::PgrCardinalityGraph<
                pgrouting::BasicUndirectedGraph> G;
            G.create_max_cardinality_graph(data_edges, total_tuples);
            std::vector<int64_t> mate_map(boost::num_vertices(G.boost_graph));
            G.maximum_cardinality_matching(mate_map);
            G.get_matched_vertices(matched_vertices, mate_map);
        }

        (*return_tuples) = pgr_alloc(matched_vertices.size(), (*return_tuples));
        for (size_t i = 0; i < matched_vertices.size(); ++i) {
            (*return_tuples)[i] = matched_vertices[i];
        }
        *return_count = matched_vertices.size();

        *log_msg = log.str().empty()?
            *log_msg :
            pgr_msg(log.str().c_str());
        *notice_msg = notice.str().empty()?
            *notice_msg :
            pgr_msg(notice.str().c_str());
    } catch (AssertFailedException &except) {
        (*return_tuples) = pgr_free(*return_tuples);
        (*return_count) = 0;
        err << except.what();
        *err_msg = pgr_msg(err.str().c_str());
        *log_msg = pgr_msg(log.str().c_str());
    } catch (std::exception &except) {
        (*return_tuples) = pgr_free(*return_tuples);
        (*return_count) = 0;
        err << except.what();
        *err_msg = pgr_msg(err.str().c_str());
        *log_msg = pgr_msg(log.str().c_str());
    } catch(...) {
        (*return_tuples) = pgr_free(*return_tuples);
        (*return_count) = 0;
        err << "Caught unknown exception!";
        *err_msg = pgr_msg(err.str().c_str());
        *log_msg = pgr_msg(log.str().c_str());
    }
}
void
do_pgr_MY_FUNCTION_NAME(
        MY_EDGE_TYPE  *data_edges,
        size_t total_edges,
        int64_t start_vid,
        int64_t end_vid,
        bool directed,
        bool only_cost,
        MY_RETURN_VALUE_TYPE **return_tuples,
        size_t *return_count,
        char ** log_msg,
        char ** notice_msg,
        char ** err_msg) {
    std::ostringstream log;
    std::ostringstream err;
    std::ostringstream notice;
    try {
        pgassert(!(*log_msg));
        pgassert(!(*notice_msg));
        pgassert(!(*err_msg));
        pgassert(!(*return_tuples));
        pgassert(*return_count == 0);
        pgassert(total_edges != 0);

        graphType gType = directed? DIRECTED: UNDIRECTED;

        Path path;

        if (directed) {
            log << "Working with directed Graph\n";
            pgrouting::DirectedGraph digraph(gType);
            digraph.insert_edges(data_edges, total_edges);
            path = pgr_MY_FUNCTION_NAME(digraph,
                    start_vid,
                    end_vid,
                    only_cost);
        } else {
            log << "Working with Undirected Graph\n";
            pgrouting::UndirectedGraph undigraph(gType);
            undigraph.insert_edges(data_edges, total_edges);
            path = pgr_MY_FUNCTION_NAME(
                    undigraph,
                    start_vid,
                    end_vid,
                    only_cost);
        }

        auto count = path.size();

        if (count == 0) {
            (*return_tuples) = NULL;
            (*return_count) = 0;
            notice <<
                "No paths found between start_vid and end_vid vertices";
            return;
        }

        (*return_tuples) = pgr_alloc(count, (*return_tuples));
        size_t sequence = 0;
        path.generate_postgres_data(return_tuples, sequence);
        (*return_count) = sequence;

        pgassert(*err_msg == NULL);
        *log_msg = log.str().empty()?
            *log_msg :
            pgr_msg(log.str().c_str());
        *notice_msg = notice.str().empty()?
            *notice_msg :
            pgr_msg(notice.str().c_str());
    } catch (AssertFailedException &except) {
        (*return_tuples) = pgr_free(*return_tuples);
        (*return_count) = 0;
        err << except.what();
        *err_msg = pgr_msg(err.str().c_str());
        *log_msg = pgr_msg(log.str().c_str());
    } catch (std::exception &except) {
        (*return_tuples) = pgr_free(*return_tuples);
        (*return_count) = 0;
        err << except.what();
        *err_msg = pgr_msg(err.str().c_str());
        *log_msg = pgr_msg(log.str().c_str());
    } catch(...) {
        (*return_tuples) = pgr_free(*return_tuples);
        (*return_count) = 0;
        err << "Caught unknown exception!";
        *err_msg = pgr_msg(err.str().c_str());
        *log_msg = pgr_msg(log.str().c_str());
    }
}
void
do_pgr_max_flow(
        pgr_edge_t *data_edges,
        size_t total_tuples,
        int64_t *source_vertices,
        size_t size_source_verticesArr,
        int64_t *sink_vertices,
        size_t size_sink_verticesArr,
        char *algorithm,
        bool only_flow,
        pgr_flow_t **return_tuples,
        size_t *return_count,
        char** log_msg,
        char** notice_msg,
        char **err_msg) {
    std::ostringstream log;
    std::ostringstream notice;
    std::ostringstream err;

    try {
        pgassert(data_edges);
        pgassert(source_vertices);
        pgassert(sink_vertices);

        pgrouting::graph::PgrFlowGraph<pgrouting::FlowGraph> G;
        std::set<int64_t> set_source_vertices;
        std::set<int64_t> set_sink_vertices;
        for (size_t i = 0; i < size_source_verticesArr; ++i) {
            set_source_vertices.insert(source_vertices[i]);
        }
        for (size_t i = 0; i < size_sink_verticesArr; ++i) {
            set_sink_vertices.insert(sink_vertices[i]);
        }
        std::set<int64_t> vertices(set_source_vertices);
        vertices.insert(set_sink_vertices.begin(), set_sink_vertices.end());
        if (vertices.size()
                != (set_source_vertices.size() + set_sink_vertices.size())) {
            *err_msg = pgr_msg("A source found as sink");
            // TODO(vicky) return as hint the sources that are also sinks
            return;
        }



        G.create_flow_graph(data_edges, total_tuples, set_source_vertices,
                set_sink_vertices, algorithm);

        int64_t max_flow;
        if (strcmp(algorithm, "push_relabel") == 0) {
            max_flow = G.push_relabel();
        } else if (strcmp(algorithm, "edmonds_karp") == 0) {
            max_flow = G.edmonds_karp();
        } else if (strcmp(algorithm, "boykov_kolmogorov") == 0) {
            max_flow = G.boykov_kolmogorov();
        } else {
            log << "Unspecified algorithm!\n";
            *err_msg = pgr_msg(log.str().c_str());
            (*return_tuples) = NULL;
            (*return_count) = 0;
            return;
        }


        std::vector<pgr_flow_t> flow_edges;

        if (only_flow) {
            pgr_flow_t edge;
            edge.edge = -1;
            edge.source = -1;
            edge.target = -1;
            edge.flow = max_flow;
            edge.residual_capacity = -1;
            flow_edges.push_back(edge);
        } else {
            G.get_flow_edges(flow_edges);
        }
        (*return_tuples) = pgr_alloc(flow_edges.size(), (*return_tuples));
        for (size_t i = 0; i < flow_edges.size(); ++i) {
            (*return_tuples)[i] = flow_edges[i];
        }
        *return_count = flow_edges.size();


        *log_msg = log.str().empty()?
            *log_msg :
            pgr_msg(log.str().c_str());
        *notice_msg = notice.str().empty()?
            *notice_msg :
            pgr_msg(notice.str().c_str());
    } catch (AssertFailedException &except) {
        (*return_tuples) = pgr_free(*return_tuples);
        (*return_count) = 0;
        err << except.what();
        *err_msg = pgr_msg(err.str().c_str());
        *log_msg = pgr_msg(log.str().c_str());
    } catch (std::exception &except) {
        (*return_tuples) = pgr_free(*return_tuples);
        (*return_count) = 0;
        err << except.what();
        *err_msg = pgr_msg(err.str().c_str());
        *log_msg = pgr_msg(log.str().c_str());
    } catch(...) {
        (*return_tuples) = pgr_free(*return_tuples);
        (*return_count) = 0;
        err << "Caught unknown exception!";
        *err_msg = pgr_msg(err.str().c_str());
        *log_msg = pgr_msg(log.str().c_str());
    }
}
void
do_pgr_connectedComponents(
        pgr_edge_t  *data_edges,
        size_t total_edges,
        pgr_components_rt **return_tuples,
        size_t *return_count,
        char ** log_msg,
        char ** notice_msg,
        char ** err_msg) {
    std::ostringstream log;
    std::ostringstream err;
    std::ostringstream notice;
    try {
        pgassert(!(*log_msg));
        pgassert(!(*notice_msg));
        pgassert(!(*err_msg));
        pgassert(!(*return_tuples));
        pgassert(*return_count == 0);
        pgassert(total_edges != 0);

        graphType gType = UNDIRECTED;

        std::vector<pgr_components_rt> results;

        log << "Working with Undirected Graph\n";
        pgrouting::ComponentsUndiGraph undigraph(gType);
        undigraph.insert_edges(data_edges, total_edges);
        results = pgr_connectedComponents(
                undigraph);

        auto count = results.size();

        if (count == 0) {
            (*return_tuples) = NULL;
            (*return_count) = 0;
            notice <<
                "No paths found between start_vid and end_vid vertices";
            return;
        }

        (*return_tuples) = pgr_alloc(count, (*return_tuples));
        for (size_t i = 0; i < count; i++) {
            *((*return_tuples) + i) = results[i];
        }
        (*return_count) = count;

        pgassert(*err_msg == NULL);
        *log_msg = log.str().empty()?
            *log_msg :
            pgr_msg(log.str().c_str());
        *notice_msg = notice.str().empty()?
            *notice_msg :
            pgr_msg(notice.str().c_str());
    } catch (AssertFailedException &except) {
        (*return_tuples) = pgr_free(*return_tuples);
        (*return_count) = 0;
        err << except.what();
        *err_msg = pgr_msg(err.str().c_str());
        *log_msg = pgr_msg(log.str().c_str());
    } catch (std::exception &except) {
        (*return_tuples) = pgr_free(*return_tuples);
        (*return_count) = 0;
        err << except.what();
        *err_msg = pgr_msg(err.str().c_str());
        *log_msg = pgr_msg(log.str().c_str());
    } catch(...) {
        (*return_tuples) = pgr_free(*return_tuples);
        (*return_count) = 0;
        err << "Caught unknown exception!";
        *err_msg = pgr_msg(err.str().c_str());
        *log_msg = pgr_msg(log.str().c_str());
    }
}
// CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION pgr_dijkstra(
// sql text,
// start_vids anyarray,
// end_vids anyarray,
// directed boolean default true,
void
do_pgr_many_to_many_dijkstra(
        pgr_edge_t  *data_edges,
        size_t total_edges,
        int64_t  *start_vidsArr,
        size_t size_start_vidsArr,
        int64_t  *end_vidsArr,
        size_t size_end_vidsArr,
        bool directed,
        bool only_cost,
        bool normal,
        General_path_element_t **return_tuples,
        size_t *return_count,
        char ** log_msg,
        char ** notice_msg,
        char ** err_msg) {
    std::ostringstream log;
    std::ostringstream err;
    std::ostringstream notice;

    try {
        pgassert(total_edges != 0);
        pgassert(!(*log_msg));
        pgassert(!(*notice_msg));
        pgassert(!(*err_msg));
        pgassert(!(*return_tuples));
        pgassert(*return_count == 0);

        graphType gType = directed? DIRECTED: UNDIRECTED;

        log << "Inserting vertices into a c++ vector structure";
        std::vector<int64_t>
            start_vertices(start_vidsArr, start_vidsArr + size_start_vidsArr);
        std::vector< int64_t >
            end_vertices(end_vidsArr, end_vidsArr + size_end_vidsArr);

        std::deque< Path >paths;
        if (directed) {
            log << "\nWorking with directed Graph";
            pgrouting::DirectedGraph digraph(gType);
            digraph.insert_edges(data_edges, total_edges);
            paths = pgr_dijkstra(
                    digraph,
                    start_vertices, end_vertices,
                    only_cost, normal);
        } else {
            log << "\nWorking with Undirected Graph";
            pgrouting::UndirectedGraph undigraph(gType);
            undigraph.insert_edges(data_edges, total_edges);
            paths = pgr_dijkstra(
                    undigraph,
                    start_vertices, end_vertices,
                    only_cost, normal);
        }

        size_t count(0);
        count = count_tuples(paths);

        if (count == 0) {
            (*return_tuples) = NULL;
            (*return_count) = 0;
            notice <<
                "No paths found";
            *log_msg = pgr_msg(notice.str().c_str());
            return;
        }

        (*return_tuples) = pgr_alloc(count, (*return_tuples));
        log << "\nConverting a set of paths into the tuples";
        (*return_count) = (collapse_paths(return_tuples, paths));

        *log_msg = log.str().empty()?
            *log_msg :
            pgr_msg(log.str().c_str());
        *notice_msg = notice.str().empty()?
            *notice_msg :
            pgr_msg(notice.str().c_str());
    } catch (AssertFailedException &except) {
        (*return_tuples) = pgr_free(*return_tuples);
        (*return_count) = 0;
        err << except.what();
        *err_msg = pgr_msg(err.str().c_str());
        *log_msg = pgr_msg(log.str().c_str());
    } catch (std::exception &except) {
        (*return_tuples) = pgr_free(*return_tuples);
        (*return_count) = 0;
        err << except.what();
        *err_msg = pgr_msg(err.str().c_str());
        *log_msg = pgr_msg(log.str().c_str());
    } catch(...) {
        (*return_tuples) = pgr_free(*return_tuples);
        (*return_count) = 0;
        err << "Caught unknown exception!";
        *err_msg = pgr_msg(err.str().c_str());
        *log_msg = pgr_msg(log.str().c_str());
    }
}
void
do_pgr_withPoints(
        pgr_edge_t *edges, size_t total_edges,
        Point_on_edge_t *points_p, size_t total_points,
        pgr_edge_t *edges_of_points, size_t total_edges_of_points,
        int64_t *start_pidsArr, size_t size_start_pidsArr,
        int64_t *end_pidsArr, size_t size_end_pidsArr,

        char driving_side,
        bool details,
        bool directed,
        bool only_cost,
        bool normal,

        General_path_element_t **return_tuples, size_t *return_count,

        char** log_msg,
        char** notice_msg,
        char** err_msg) {
    std::ostringstream log;
    std::ostringstream notice;
    std::ostringstream err;
    try {
        pgassert(!(*log_msg));
        pgassert(!(*notice_msg));
        pgassert(!(*err_msg));
        pgassert(!(*return_tuples));
        pgassert((*return_count) == 0);
        pgassert(edges || edges_of_points);
        pgassert(points_p);
        pgassert(start_pidsArr);
        pgassert(end_pidsArr);

        std::vector< Point_on_edge_t >
            points(points_p, points_p + total_points);

        if (!normal) {
            for (auto &point : points) {
                if (point.side == 'r') {
                    point.side = 'l';
                } else if (point.side == 'l') {
                    point.side = 'r';
                }
                point.fraction = 1 - point.fraction;
            }
            if (driving_side == 'r') {
                driving_side = 'l';
            } else if (driving_side == 'l') {
                driving_side = 'r';
            }
        }

        int errcode = check_points(points, log);
        if (errcode) {
            *log_msg = strdup(log.str().c_str());
            err << "Unexpected point(s) with same pid"
                << " but different edge/fraction/side combination found.";
            *err_msg = pgr_msg(err.str().c_str());
            return;
        }


        std::vector< pgr_edge_t >
            edges_to_modify(
                    edges_of_points, edges_of_points + total_edges_of_points);

        std::vector< pgr_edge_t > new_edges;
        create_new_edges(
                points,
                edges_to_modify,
                driving_side,
                new_edges, log);


        std::vector<int64_t>
            start_vertices(start_pidsArr, start_pidsArr + size_start_pidsArr);
        std::vector< int64_t >
            end_vertices(end_pidsArr, end_pidsArr + size_end_pidsArr);

        auto vertices(pgrouting::extract_vertices(edges, total_edges));
        vertices = pgrouting::extract_vertices(vertices, new_edges);

        graphType gType = directed? DIRECTED: UNDIRECTED;

        std::deque< Path > paths;

        if (directed) {
            log << "Working with directed Graph\n";
            pgrouting::DirectedGraph digraph(vertices, gType);
            digraph.insert_edges(edges, total_edges);
            digraph.insert_edges(new_edges);

            paths = pgr_dijkstra(
                    digraph,
                    start_vertices, end_vertices,
                    only_cost, normal);
        } else {
            log << "Working with Undirected Graph\n";
            pgrouting::UndirectedGraph undigraph(vertices, gType);
            undigraph.insert_edges(edges, total_edges);
            undigraph.insert_edges(new_edges);
            paths = pgr_dijkstra(
                    undigraph,
                    start_vertices, end_vertices,
                    only_cost, normal);
        }

        if (!details) {
            for (auto &path : paths) {
                eliminate_details(path, edges_to_modify);
            }
        }

        /*
         * order paths based on the start_pid, end_pid
         */
        std::sort(paths.begin(), paths.end(),
                [](const Path &a, const Path &b)
                -> bool {
                if (b.start_id() != a.start_id()) {
                return a.start_id() < b.start_id();
                }
                return a.end_id() < b.end_id();
                });

        size_t count(0);
        count = count_tuples(paths);


        if (count == 0) {
            (*return_tuples) = NULL;
            (*return_count) = 0;
#if 0
            log <<
                "No paths found";
            *err_msg = pgr_msg(log.str().c_str());
#endif
            return;
        }

        (*return_tuples) = pgr_alloc(count, (*return_tuples));
        log << "Converting a set of paths into the tuples\n";
        (*return_count) = (collapse_paths(return_tuples, paths));

        *log_msg = log.str().empty()?
            *log_msg :
            pgr_msg(log.str().c_str());
        *notice_msg = notice.str().empty()?
            *notice_msg :
            pgr_msg(notice.str().c_str());
    } catch (AssertFailedException &except) {
        (*return_tuples) = pgr_free(*return_tuples);
        (*return_count) = 0;
        err << except.what();
        *err_msg = pgr_msg(err.str().c_str());
        *log_msg = pgr_msg(log.str().c_str());
    } catch (std::exception &except) {
        (*return_tuples) = pgr_free(*return_tuples);
        (*return_count) = 0;
        err << except.what();
        *err_msg = pgr_msg(err.str().c_str());
        *log_msg = pgr_msg(log.str().c_str());
    } catch(...) {
        (*return_tuples) = pgr_free(*return_tuples);
        (*return_count) = 0;
        err << "Caught unknown exception!";
        *err_msg = pgr_msg(err.str().c_str());
        *log_msg = pgr_msg(log.str().c_str());
    }
}
void
do_pgr_dijkstraVia(
        pgr_edge_t* data_edges,    size_t total_edges,
        int64_t* via_vidsArr,     size_t size_via_vidsArr,
        bool directed,
        bool strict,
        bool U_turn_on_edge,
        Routes_t** return_tuples,   size_t* return_count,

        char** log_msg,
        char** notice_msg,
        char** err_msg) {
    std::ostringstream log;
    std::ostringstream err;
    std::ostringstream notice;

    try {
        pgassert(total_edges != 0);
        pgassert(!(*log_msg));
        pgassert(!(*notice_msg));
        pgassert(!(*err_msg));
        pgassert(!(*return_tuples));
        pgassert(*return_count == 0);

        graphType gType = directed? DIRECTED: UNDIRECTED;

        std::deque< Path >paths;
        log << "\nInserting vertices into a c++ vector structure";
        std::vector< int64_t > via_vertices(
                via_vidsArr, via_vidsArr + size_via_vidsArr);

        if (directed) {
            log << "\nWorking with directed Graph";
            pgrouting::DirectedGraph digraph(gType);
            digraph.insert_edges(data_edges, total_edges);
            pgr_dijkstraViaVertex(
                    digraph,
                    via_vertices,
                    paths,
                    strict,
                    U_turn_on_edge,
                    log);
        } else {
            log << "\nWorking with Undirected Graph";
            pgrouting::UndirectedGraph undigraph(gType);
            undigraph.insert_edges(data_edges, total_edges);
            pgr_dijkstraViaVertex(
                    undigraph,
                    via_vertices,
                    paths,
                    strict,
                    U_turn_on_edge,
                    log);
        }

        size_t count(count_tuples(paths));

        if (count == 0) {
            (*return_tuples) = NULL;
            (*return_count) = 0;
            notice <<
                "No paths found";
            *log_msg = pgr_msg(notice.str().c_str());
            return;
        }

        // get the space required to store all the paths
        (*return_tuples) = pgr_alloc(count, (*return_tuples));
        log << "\nConverting a set of paths into the tuples";
        (*return_count) = (get_route(return_tuples, paths));
        (*return_tuples)[count - 1].edge = -2;

        *log_msg = log.str().empty()?
            *log_msg :
            pgr_msg(log.str().c_str());
        *notice_msg = notice.str().empty()?
            *notice_msg :
            pgr_msg(notice.str().c_str());
    } catch (AssertFailedException &except) {
        (*return_tuples) = pgr_free(*return_tuples);
        (*return_count) = 0;
        err << except.what();
        *err_msg = pgr_msg(err.str().c_str());
        *log_msg = pgr_msg(log.str().c_str());
    } catch (std::exception &except) {
        (*return_tuples) = pgr_free(*return_tuples);
        (*return_count) = 0;
        err << except.what();
        *err_msg = pgr_msg(err.str().c_str());
        *log_msg = pgr_msg(log.str().c_str());
    } catch(...) {
        (*return_tuples) = pgr_free(*return_tuples);
        (*return_count) = 0;
        err << "Caught unknown exception!";
        *err_msg = pgr_msg(err.str().c_str());
        *log_msg = pgr_msg(log.str().c_str());
    }
}