int main()
{
//----- Deprecated since PDQ 6 -----
int nodes;
int streams;
//----- Model specific variables -----
double arrivRate = 0.75;
double service_time = 1.0;
//----- Initialize the model & Give it a name ------
PDQ_Init("OpenCenter");
PDQ_SetComment("This is just a simple M/M/1 queue.");
//----- Define the queueing center -----
nodes = PDQ_CreateNode("server", CEN, FCFS);
//----- Define the workload and circuit type -----
streams = PDQ_CreateOpen("work", arrivRate);
//----- Define service demand due to workload on the queueing center ------
PDQ_SetDemand("server", "work", service_time);
//----- Change unit labels -----
PDQ_SetWUnit("Customers");
PDQ_SetTUnit("Seconds");
//----- Solve the model -----
// Must use the CANONical method for an open circuit
PDQ_Solve(CANON);
//----- Generate a report -----
PDQ_Report();
}
int main()
{
void namex();
int intwt();
void itoa();
char cname[10]; /* cache id */
char wname[10]; /* workload */
int i;
/* per CPU intruction stream intensity */
double Prhit = (RD * HT);
double Pwhit = (WR * HT * (1 - WUMD)) + (WR * (1 - HT) * (1 - MD));
double Prdop = RD * (1 - HT);
double Pwbop = WR * (1 - HT) * MD;
double Pwthr = WR;
double Pinvl = WR * HT * WUMD;
double Nrwht = 0.8075 * MAXCPU;
double Nrdop = 0.0850 * MAXCPU;
double Nwthr = 0.15 * MAXCPU;
double Nwbop = 0.0003 * MAXCPU * 100;
double Ninvl = 0.015 * MAXCPU;
double Srdop = (20.0);
double Swthr = (25.0);
double Swbop = (20.0);
double Wrwht;
double Wrdop;
double Wwthr;
double Wwbop;
double Winvl;
double Zrwht = ZX;
double Zrdop = ZX;
double Zwbop = ZX;
double Zinvl = ZX;
double Zwthr = ZX;
double Xcpu = 0.0;
double Pcpu = 0.0;
double Ubrd = 0.0;
double Ubwr = 0.0;
double Ubin = 0.0;
double Ucht = 0.0;
double Ucrd = 0.0;
double Ucwr = 0.0;
double Ucin = 0.0;
char *model = "ABC Model";
PDQ_Init(model);
/* create single bus queueing center */
PDQ_CreateNode(BUS, CEN, FCFS);
/* create per CPU cache queueing centers */
for (i = 0; i < MAXCPU; i++) {
namex(i, L2C, cname);
PDQ_CreateNode(cname, CEN, FCFS);
}
/* create CPU nodes, workloads, and demands */
for (i = 0; i < intwt(Nrwht, &Wrwht); i++) {
namex(i, RWHT, wname);
PDQ_CreateClosed(wname, TERM, Nrwht, Zrwht);
namex(i, L2C, cname);
PDQ_SetDemand(cname, wname, 1.0);
PDQ_SetDemand(BUS, wname, 0.0); /* no bus activity */
}
for (i = 0; i < intwt(Nrdop, &Wrdop); i++) {
namex(i, RDOP, wname);
PDQ_CreateClosed(wname, TERM, Nrdop, Zrdop);
namex(i, L2C, cname);
PDQ_SetDemand(cname, wname, gen); /* generate bus request */
PDQ_SetDemand(BUS, wname, Srdop); /* req + async data return */
}
if (WBACK) {
for (i = 0; i < intwt(Nwbop, &Wwbop); i++) {
namex(i, WROP, wname);
PDQ_CreateClosed(wname, TERM, Nwbop, Zwbop);
namex(i, L2C, cname);
PDQ_SetDemand(cname, wname, gen);
PDQ_SetDemand(BUS, wname, Swbop); /* asych write to memory ? */
}
} else { /* write-thru */
for (i = 0; i < intwt(Nwthr, &Wwthr); i++) {
namex(i, WROP, wname);
PDQ_CreateClosed(wname, TERM, Nwthr, Zwthr);
namex(i, L2C, cname);
PDQ_SetDemand(cname, wname, gen);
PDQ_SetDemand(BUS, wname, Swthr);
}
}
if (WBACK) {
for (i = 0; i < intwt(Ninvl, &Winvl); i++) {
namex(i, INVL, wname);
PDQ_CreateClosed(wname, TERM, Ninvl, Zinvl);
namex(i, L2C, cname);
PDQ_SetDemand(cname, wname, gen); /* gen + intervene */
PDQ_SetDemand(BUS, wname, 1.0);
}
}
PDQ_SetWUnit("Reqs");
PDQ_SetTUnit("Cycs");
PDQ_Solve(APPROX);
/* bus utilizations */
for (i = 0; i < intwt(Nrdop, &Wrdop); i++) {
namex(i, RDOP, wname);
Ubrd += PDQ_GetUtilization(BUS, wname, TERM);
}
Ubrd *= Wrdop;
if (WBACK) {
for (i = 0; i < intwt(Nwbop, &Wwbop); i++) {
namex(i, WROP, wname);
Ubwr += PDQ_GetUtilization(BUS, wname, TERM);
}
Ubwr *= Wwbop;
for (i = 0; i < intwt(Ninvl, &Winvl); i++) {
namex(i, INVL, wname);
Ubin += PDQ_GetUtilization(BUS, wname, TERM);
}
Ubin *= Winvl;
} else { /* write-thru */
for (i = 0; i < intwt(Nwthr, &Wwthr); i++) {
namex(i, WROP, wname);
Ubwr += PDQ_GetUtilization(BUS, wname, TERM);
}
Ubwr *= Wwthr;
}
/* cache measures at CPU[0] only */
i = 0;
namex(i, L2C, cname);
namex(i, RWHT, wname);
Xcpu = PDQ_GetThruput(TERM, wname) * Wrwht;
Pcpu += Xcpu * Zrwht;
Ucht = PDQ_GetUtilization(cname, wname, TERM) * Wrwht;
namex(i, RDOP, wname);
Xcpu = PDQ_GetThruput(TERM, wname) * Wrdop;
Pcpu += Xcpu * Zrdop;
Ucrd = PDQ_GetUtilization(cname, wname, TERM) * Wrdop;
Pcpu *= 1.88;
if (WBACK) {
namex(i, WROP, wname);
Ucwr = PDQ_GetUtilization(cname, wname, TERM) * Wwbop;
namex(i, INVL, wname);
Ucin = PDQ_GetUtilization(cname, wname, TERM) * Winvl;
} else { /* write-thru */
namex(i, WROP, wname);
Ucwr = PDQ_GetUtilization(cname, wname, TERM) * Wwthr;
}
printf("\n**** %s Results ****\n", model);
printf("PDQ nodes: %d PDQ streams: %d\n", PDQ_GetNodesCount(), PDQ_GetStreamsCount());
printf("Memory Mode: %s\n", WBACK ? "WriteBack" : "WriteThru");
printf("Ncpu: %2d\n", MAXCPU);
printf("Nrwht: %5.2f (N:%2d W:%5.2f)\n",
Nrwht, intwt(Nrwht, &Wrwht), Wrwht);
printf("Nrdop: %5.2f (N:%2d W:%5.2f)\n",
Nrdop, intwt(Nrdop, &Wrdop), Wrdop);
if (WBACK) {
printf("Nwbop: %5.2f (N:%2d W:%5.2f)\n",
Nwbop, intwt(Nwbop, &Wwbop), Wwbop);
printf("Ninvl: %5.2f (N:%2d W:%5.2f)\n",
Ninvl, intwt(Ninvl, &Winvl), Winvl);
} else {
printf("Nwthr: %5.2f (N:%2d W:%5.2f)\n",
Nwthr, intwt(Nwthr, &Wwthr), Wwthr);
}
printf("\n");
printf("Hit Ratio: %5.2f %%\n", HT * 100.0);
printf("Read Miss: %5.2f %%\n", RD * (1 - HT) * 100.0);
printf("WriteMiss: %5.2f %%\n", WR * (1 - HT) * 100.0);
printf("Ucpu: %5.2f %%\n", Pcpu * 100.0 / MAXCPU);
printf("Pcpu: %5.2f\n", Pcpu);
printf("\n");
printf("Ubus[reads]: %5.2f %%\n", Ubrd * 100.0);
printf("Ubus[write]: %5.2f %%\n", Ubwr * 100.0);
printf("Ubus[inval]: %5.2f %%\n", Ubin * 100.0);
printf("Ubus[total]: %5.2f %%\n", (Ubrd + Ubwr + Ubin) * 100.0);
printf("\n");
printf("Uca%d[hits]: %5.2f %%\n", i, Ucht * 100.0);
printf("Uca%d[reads]: %5.2f %%\n", i, Ucrd * 100.0);
printf("Uca%d[write]: %5.2f %%\n", i, Ucwr * 100.0);
printf("Uca%d[inval]: %5.2f %%\n", i, Ucin * 100.0);
printf("Uca%d[total]: %5.2f %%\n", i, (Ucht + Ucrd + Ucwr + Ucin) * 100.0);
}
int main(void) {
int nodes;
int streams;
// Mean service times from G&H
double stimeSelect = 0.5; // mins
double stimeClaims = 6.0; // mins
double stimePolicy = 20.0; // mins
double callRateIncoming = 35.0/60; // per min
double callRateClaim; // compute from traffic eqns below
double callRatePolicy; // compute from traffic eqns below
// Routing probabilities from G&H
double routeSelectClaim = 0.55;
double routeSelectPolicy = 0.45;
double routePolicyClaim = 0.01;
double routeClaimPolicy = 0.02;
// Visit ratios: lambda_k / lambda
double vSelect; // no branching
double vClaims; // compute from traffic eqns below
double vPolicy; // compute from traffic eqns below
/*** Solve the traffic equations first ***/
callRateClaim =
(routeSelectClaim + routePolicyClaim * routeSelectPolicy) * callRateIncoming /
(1 - routePolicyClaim * routeSelectPolicy);
callRatePolicy = routeSelectPolicy * callRateIncoming +
routeClaimPolicy * callRateClaim;
vSelect = 1.0; // no branching
vClaims = callRateClaim / callRateIncoming;
vPolicy = callRatePolicy / callRateIncoming;
/*** Now setup and solve the PDQ model using these visit ratios ***/
PDQ_Init("G&H Example 4.2");
streams = PDQ_CreateOpen("Customers", callRateIncoming);
PDQ_SetWUnit("Calls");
PDQ_SetTUnit("Mins"); // timebase for PDQ report
// Use a standard PDQ node as a test case
nodes = PDQ_CreateNode("Select", CEN, FCFS);
// Multiserver nodes
nodes = PDQ_CreateMultiNode(3, "Claims", CEN, FCFS);
nodes = PDQ_CreateMultiNode(7, "Policy", CEN, FCFS);
// In PDQ the computed visit ratios multiply the service times
PDQ_SetDemand("Select", "Customers", vSelect * stimeSelect);
PDQ_SetDemand("Claims", "Customers", vClaims * stimeClaims);
PDQ_SetDemand("Policy", "Customers", vPolicy * stimePolicy);
PDQ_Solve(CANON);
PDQ_Report();
} // main
