int main(int, char**)
{
std::chrono::duration<Rep> d(Rep(15));
d = d % 5;
return 0;
}
int main() {
int T; scanf("%d", &T);
while(T--) {
int i, x, n, p = 0, res = 0; scanf("%d", &n);
Rep(i, MAXN) en[i] = ex[i] = 0;
Rep(i, n) { scanf("%d", &x); en[x]++; }
Rep(i, n) { scanf("%d", &x); ex[x]++; }
namespace phys { namespace units {
// acceleration of free-fall, standard
constexpr quantity< acceleration_d >
g_sub_n { Rep( 9.80665L ) * meter / square( second ) };
// Avogadro constant
constexpr quantity< dimensions< 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, -1 > >
N_sub_A { Rep( 6.02214199e+23L ) / mole };
// electronvolt
constexpr quantity< energy_d > eV { Rep( 1.60217733e-19L ) * joule };
// elementary charge
constexpr quantity< electric_charge_d >
e { Rep( 1.602176462e-19L ) * coulomb };
// Planck constant
constexpr quantity< dimensions< 2, 1, -1 > >
h { Rep( 6.62606876e-34L ) * joule * second };
// speed of light in a vacuum
constexpr quantity< speed_d > c { Rep( 299792458L ) * meter / second };
// unified atomic mass unit
constexpr quantity< mass_d > u { Rep( 1.6605402e-27L ) * kilogram };
// etc.
}} // namespace phys { namespace units {
CachedTexture::CachedTexture( const string &f_,int flags,int w,int h,int first,int cnt ){
string f=f_;
if( f.substr(0,2)==".\\" ) f=f.substr(2);
if( path.size() ){
string t=path+tolower( filenamefile( f ) );
if( rep=findRep( t,flags,w,h,first,cnt ) ) return;
rep=d_new Rep( t,flags,w,h,first,cnt );
if( rep->frames.size() ){
rep_set.insert( rep );
return;
}
delete rep;
}
string t=tolower( fullfilename( f ) );
if( rep=findRep( t,flags,w,h,first,cnt ) ) return;
rep=d_new Rep( t,flags,w,h,first,cnt );
rep_set.insert( rep );
}
Vec3 getMaxVertexPos()
{
Vec3 max(0, 0, 0);
for (int32 index : Rep(getFrameNum()))
{
// MV1GetFrameMaxVertexLocalPosition
}
}
void MainWindow::handleCallRequest(SipRequest const& request)
{
ContactInfo* sender = sClientMgr->findContact(request.getSenderId());
if (!sender || sClientMgr->hasActiveCall() || sClientMgr->hasCallRequest())
{
SipRespond Rep(604, request);
sNetworkMgr->tcpSendPacket(Rep.getPacket());
return;
}
_contactForm->handleCallRequest(sender, request);
}
/// <summary> 柵を傾けます </summary>
void tilt(const Matrix &mat)
{
auto w2 = Vec3(0, height, 0).transform(mat);
w2.y -= height;
for (const auto i : Rep(5))
{
vertices[i * 2 + 1].pos = VAdd(vertices[i * 2 + 1].pos, (VECTOR)w2);
}
}
int main()
{
// exact conversions allowed for integral reps
{
boost::chrono::milliseconds ms(1);
boost::chrono::microseconds us = ms;
BOOST_TEST(us.count() == 1000);
}
// inexact conversions allowed for floating point reps
{
boost::chrono::duration<double, boost::micro> us(1);
boost::chrono::duration<double, boost::milli> ms = us;
BOOST_TEST(ms.count() == 1./1000);
}
// Convert int to float
{
boost::chrono::duration<int> i(3);
boost::chrono::duration<int> d = i;
BOOST_TEST(d.count() == 3);
}
// default constructor
{
check_default<boost::chrono::duration<Rep> >();
}
// constructor from rep
{
check_from_rep<boost::chrono::duration<int> >(5);
check_from_rep<boost::chrono::duration<int, boost::ratio<3, 2> > >(5);
check_from_rep<boost::chrono::duration<Rep, boost::ratio<3, 2> > >(Rep(3));
check_from_rep<boost::chrono::duration<double, boost::ratio<2, 3> > >(5.5);
}
// constructor from other rep
{
boost::chrono::duration<double> d(5);
BOOST_TEST(d.count() == 5);
return boost::report_errors();
}
return boost::report_errors();
}
void BeetstraDrag::setForce() const
{
scale_=cg();
Info << "BeetstraDrag using scale from liggghts cg = " << scale_ << endl;
// get viscosity field
#ifdef comp
const volScalarField nufField = particleCloud_.turbulence().mu()/rho_;
#else
const volScalarField& nufField = particleCloud_.turbulence().nu();
#endif
vector position(0,0,0);
scalar voidfraction(1);
vector Ufluid(0,0,0);
vector drag(0,0,0);
label cellI=0;
scalar beta(0);
vector Us(0,0,0);
vector Ur(0,0,0);
scalar ds(0);
scalar nuf(0);
scalar rho(0);
scalar magUr(0);
scalar Rep(0);
scalar Vs(0);
scalar localPhiP(0);
scalar filterDragPrefactor(1.0);
scalar cCorrParcelSize_(1.0) ;
scalar vCell(0);
scalar FfFilterPrime(1);
scalar F0=0.;
scalar G0=0.;
interpolationCellPoint<scalar> voidfractionInterpolator_(voidfraction_);
interpolationCellPoint<vector> UInterpolator_(U_);
#include "setupProbeModel.H"
for(int index = 0;index < particleCloud_.numberOfParticles(); index++)
{
//if(mask[index][0])
//{
cellI = particleCloud_.cellIDs()[index][0];
drag = vector(0,0,0);
Ufluid= vector(0,0,0);
if (cellI > -1) // particle Found
{
if(interpolation_)
{
position = particleCloud_.position(index);
voidfraction = voidfractionInterpolator_.interpolate(position,cellI);
Ufluid = UInterpolator_.interpolate(position,cellI);
//Ensure interpolated void fraction to be meaningful
// Info << " --> voidfraction: " << voidfraction << endl;
if(voidfraction>1.00) voidfraction = 1.00;
if(voidfraction<0.10) voidfraction = 0.10;
}
else
{
voidfraction = voidfraction_[cellI];
Ufluid = U_[cellI];
}
Us = particleCloud_.velocity(index);
Ur = Ufluid-Us;
ds = 2*particleCloud_.radius(index);
dPrim_ = ds/scale_;
nuf = nufField[cellI];
rho = rho_[cellI];
magUr = mag(Ur);
Rep = 0;
Vs = ds*ds*ds*M_PI/6;
localPhiP = 1-voidfraction+SMALL;
vCell = U_.mesh().V()[cellI];
if (magUr > 0)
{
// calc particle Re Nr
Rep = dPrim_*voidfraction*magUr/(nuf+SMALL);
// 3 - C - 1 - In this section we could insert parameters
// or functions
// that come from a database
// calc model coefficient F0
F0 = 10.f * localPhiP / voidfraction / voidfraction
+ voidfraction * voidfraction * ( 1.0+1.5*sqrt(localPhiP) );
// calc model coefficient G0
G0 = 0.01720833 * Rep / voidfraction / voidfraction //0.0172083 = 0.413/24
* ( 1.0 / voidfraction + 3.0 * localPhiP * voidfraction + 8.4
* powf(Rep,-0.343) )
/ ( 1.0 + powf( 10., 3.0* localPhiP )
* powf( Rep,-(1.0+4.0*localPhiP)/2.0 ) );
// calc model coefficient beta
beta = 18.*nuf*rho/(dPrim_*dPrim_)
*voidfraction
*(F0 + G0);
//Apply filtered drag correction
if(useFilteredDragModel_)
{
FfFilterPrime = FfFilterFunc(
filtDragParamsLChar2_,
vCell,
0
);
filterDragPrefactor = 1 - fFuncFilteredDrag(FfFilterPrime, localPhiP)
* hFuncFilteredDrag(localPhiP);
beta *= filterDragPrefactor;
}
if(useParcelSizeDependentFilteredDrag_) //Apply filtered drag correction
{
scalar dParceldPrim = scale_;
cCorrParcelSize_ =
cCorrFunctionFilteredDrag(
filtDragParamsK_,
filtDragParamsALimit_,
filtDragParamsAExponent_,
localPhiP,
dParceldPrim
);
beta *= cCorrParcelSize_;
}
// calc particle's drag
drag = Vs * beta * Ur;
if (modelType_=="B")
drag /= voidfraction;
}
// 3 - C - 2 - This is a standardized debug and report section
if( verbose_ ) //&& index>100 && index < 105)
{
Info << "index / cellI = " << index << tab << cellI << endl;
Info << "position = " << particleCloud_.position(index) << endl;
Info << "Us = " << Us << endl;
Info << "Ur = " << Ur << endl;
Info << "ds = " << ds << endl;
Info << "rho = " << rho << endl;
Info << "nuf = " << nuf << endl;
Info << "voidfraction = " << voidfraction << endl;
Info << "voidfraction_[cellI]: " << voidfraction_[cellI] << endl;
Info << "Rep = " << Rep << endl;
Info << "filterDragPrefactor = " << filterDragPrefactor << endl;
Info << "fFuncFilteredDrag: " << fFuncFilteredDrag(FfFilterPrime, localPhiP) << endl;
Info << "hFuncFilteredDrag: " << hFuncFilteredDrag(localPhiP) << endl;
Info << "cCorrParcelSize: " << cCorrParcelSize_ << endl;
Info << "F0 / G0: " << F0 << tab << G0 << endl;
Info << "beta: " << beta << endl;
Info << "drag = " << drag << endl;
Info << "\nBeetstra drag model settings: treatExplicit " << treatExplicit_ << tab
<< "verbose: " << verbose_ << tab
<< "dPrim: " << dPrim_ << tab
<< "interpolation: " << interpolation_ << tab
<< "filteredDragM: " << useFilteredDragModel_ << tab
<< "parcelSizeDepDrag: " << useParcelSizeDependentFilteredDrag_
<< endl << endl;
}
//Set value fields and write the probe
if(probeIt_)
{
#include "setupProbeModelfields.H"
vValues.append(drag); //first entry must the be the force
vValues.append(Ur);
sValues.append(Rep);
sValues.append(beta);
sValues.append(voidfraction);
sValues.append(filterDragPrefactor);
particleCloud_.probeM().writeProbe(index, sValues, vValues);
}
}
// set force on particle
if(treatExplicit_) for(int j=0;j<3;j++) expForces()[index][j] += drag[j];
else for(int j=0;j<3;j++) impForces()[index][j] += drag[j];
// set Cd
if(implDEM_)
{
for(int j=0;j<3;j++) fluidVel()[index][j]=Ufluid[j];
if (modelType_=="B")
Cds()[index][0] = Vs*beta/voidfraction;
else
Cds()[index][0] = Vs*beta;
}else{
for(int j=0;j<3;j++) DEMForces()[index][j] += drag[j];
}
//}
}
}
void MeiLift::setForce() const
{
const volScalarField& nufField = forceSubM(0).nuField();
const volScalarField& rhoField = forceSubM(0).rhoField();
vector position(0,0,0);
vector lift(0,0,0);
vector Us(0,0,0);
vector Ur(0,0,0);
scalar magUr(0);
scalar magVorticity(0);
scalar ds(0);
scalar dParcel(0);
scalar nuf(0);
scalar rho(0);
scalar voidfraction(1);
scalar Rep(0);
scalar Rew(0);
scalar Cl(0);
scalar Cl_star(0);
scalar J_star(0);
scalar Omega_eq(0);
scalar alphaStar(0);
scalar epsilon(0);
scalar omega_star(0);
vector vorticity(0,0,0);
volVectorField vorticity_ = fvc::curl(U_);
#include "resetVorticityInterpolator.H"
#include "resetUInterpolator.H"
#include "setupProbeModel.H"
for(int index = 0;index < particleCloud_.numberOfParticles(); index++)
{
//if(mask[index][0])
//{
lift = vector::zero;
label cellI = particleCloud_.cellIDs()[index][0];
if (cellI > -1) // particle Found
{
Us = particleCloud_.velocity(index);
if( forceSubM(0).interpolation() )
{
position = particleCloud_.position(index);
Ur = UInterpolator_().interpolate(position,cellI)
- Us;
vorticity = vorticityInterpolator_().interpolate(position,cellI);
}
else
{
Ur = U_[cellI]
- Us;
vorticity=vorticity_[cellI];
}
magUr = mag(Ur);
magVorticity = mag(vorticity);
if (magUr > 0 && magVorticity > 0)
{
ds = 2*particleCloud_.radius(index);
dParcel = ds;
forceSubM(0).scaleDia(ds,index); //caution: this fct will scale ds!
nuf = nufField[cellI];
rho = rhoField[cellI];
//Update any scalar or vector quantity
for (int iFSub=0;iFSub<nrForceSubModels();iFSub++)
forceSubM(iFSub).update( index,
cellI,
ds,
nuf,
rho,
forceSubM(0).verbose()
);
// calc dimensionless properties
Rep = ds*magUr/nuf;
Rew = magVorticity*ds*ds/nuf;
alphaStar = magVorticity*ds/magUr/2.0;
epsilon = sqrt(2.0*alphaStar /Rep );
omega_star=2.0*alphaStar;
//Basic model for the correction to the Saffman lift
//Based on McLaughlin (1991)
if(epsilon < 0.1)
{
J_star = -140 *epsilon*epsilon*epsilon*epsilon*epsilon
*log( 1./(epsilon*epsilon+SMALL) );
}
else if(epsilon > 20)
{
J_star = 1.0-0.287/(epsilon*epsilon+SMALL);
}
else
{
J_star = 0.3
*( 1.0
+tanh( 2.5 * log10(epsilon+0.191) )
)
*( 0.667
+tanh( 6.0 * (epsilon-0.32) )
);
}
Cl=J_star*4.11*epsilon; //multiply McLaughlin's correction to the basic Saffman model
//Second order terms given by Loth and Dorgan 2009
if(useSecondOrderTerms_)
{
Omega_eq = omega_star/2.0*(1.0-0.0075*Rew)*(1.0-0.062*sqrt(Rep)-0.001*Rep);
Cl_star=1.0-(0.675+0.15*(1.0+tanh(0.28*(omega_star/2.0-2.0))))*tanh(0.18*sqrt(Rep));
Cl += Omega_eq*Cl_star;
}
lift = 0.125*M_PI
*rho
*Cl
*magUr*Ur^vorticity/magVorticity
*ds*ds; //total force on all particles in parcel
forceSubM(0).scaleForce(lift,dParcel,index);
if (modelType_=="B")
{
voidfraction = particleCloud_.voidfraction(index);
lift /= voidfraction;
}
}
//**********************************
//SAMPLING AND VERBOSE OUTOUT
if( forceSubM(0).verbose() )
{
Pout << "index = " << index << endl;
Pout << "Us = " << Us << endl;
Pout << "Ur = " << Ur << endl;
Pout << "vorticity = " << vorticity << endl;
Pout << "dprim = " << ds << endl;
Pout << "rho = " << rho << endl;
Pout << "nuf = " << nuf << endl;
Pout << "Rep = " << Rep << endl;
Pout << "Rew = " << Rew << endl;
Pout << "alphaStar = " << alphaStar << endl;
Pout << "epsilon = " << epsilon << endl;
Pout << "J_star = " << J_star << endl;
Pout << "lift = " << lift << endl;
}
//Set value fields and write the probe
if(probeIt_)
{
#include "setupProbeModelfields.H"
// Note: for other than ext one could use vValues.append(x)
// instead of setSize
vValues.setSize(vValues.size()+1, lift); //first entry must the be the force
vValues.setSize(vValues.size()+1, Ur);
vValues.setSize(vValues.size()+1, vorticity);
sValues.setSize(sValues.size()+1, Rep);
sValues.setSize(sValues.size()+1, Rew);
sValues.setSize(sValues.size()+1, J_star);
particleCloud_.probeM().writeProbe(index, sValues, vValues);
}
// END OF SAMPLING AND VERBOSE OUTOUT
//**********************************
}
// write particle based data to global array
forceSubM(0).partToArray(index,lift,vector::zero);
//}
}
}
static Rep zero ()
{
return Rep(0);
}
void KochHillDrag::setForce
(
double** const& mask,
double**& impForces,
double**& expForces,
double**& DEMForces
) const
{
// get viscosity field
#ifdef comp
const volScalarField nufField = particleCloud_.turbulence().mu()/rho_;
#else
const volScalarField& nufField = particleCloud_.turbulence().nu();
#endif
vector position(0,0,0);
scalar voidfraction(1);
vector Ufluid(0,0,0);
vector drag(0,0,0);
label cellI=0;
vector Us(0,0,0);
vector Ur(0,0,0);
scalar ds(0);
scalar nuf(0);
scalar rho(0);
scalar magUr(0);
scalar Rep(0);
scalar Vs(0);
scalar volumefraction(0);
interpolationCellPoint<scalar> voidfractionInterpolator_(voidfraction_);
interpolationCellPoint<vector> UInterpolator_(U_);
for(int index = 0;index < particleCloud_.numberOfParticles(); index++)
{
if(mask[index][0])
{
cellI = particleCloud_.cellIDs()[index][0];
drag = vector(0,0,0);
if (cellI > -1) // particle Found
{
if(interpolation_)
{
position = particleCloud_.position(index);
voidfraction = voidfractionInterpolator_.interpolate(position,cellI);
Ufluid = UInterpolator_.interpolate(position,cellI);
}else
{
voidfraction = particleCloud_.voidfraction(index);
Ufluid = U_[cellI];
}
Us = particleCloud_.velocity(index);
Ur = Ufluid-Us;
ds = 2*particleCloud_.radius(index);
nuf = nufField[cellI];
rho = rho_[cellI];
magUr = mag(Ur);
Rep = 0;
Vs = ds*ds*ds*M_PI/6;
volumefraction = 1-voidfraction+SMALL;
if (magUr > 0)
{
// calc particle Re Nr
Rep = ds/scale_*voidfraction*magUr/(nuf+SMALL);
// calc model coefficient F0
scalar F0=0.;
if(volumefraction < 0.4)
{
F0 = (1+3*sqrt((volumefraction)/2)+135/64*volumefraction*log(volumefraction)+16.14*volumefraction)/
(1+0.681*volumefraction-8.48*sqr(volumefraction)+8.16*volumefraction*volumefraction*volumefraction);
} else {
F0 = 10*volumefraction/(voidfraction*voidfraction*voidfraction);
}
// calc model coefficient F3
scalar F3 = 0.0673+0.212*volumefraction+0.0232/pow(voidfraction,5);
// calc model coefficient beta
scalar beta = 18*nuf*rho*voidfraction*voidfraction*volumefraction/(ds/scale_*ds/scale_)*
(F0 + 0.5*F3*Rep);
// calc particle's drag
drag = Vs*beta/volumefraction*Ur;
if (modelType_=="B")
drag /= voidfraction;
}
if(verbose_ && index >=0 && index <2)
{
Info << "index = " << index << endl;
Info << "Us = " << Us << endl;
Info << "Ur = " << Ur << endl;
Info << "ds = " << ds << endl;
Info << "ds/scale = " << ds/scale_ << endl;
Info << "rho = " << rho << endl;
Info << "nuf = " << nuf << endl;
Info << "voidfraction = " << voidfraction << endl;
Info << "Rep = " << Rep << endl;
Info << "drag = " << drag << endl;
}
}
// set force on particle
if(treatExplicit_) for(int j=0;j<3;j++) expForces[index][j] += drag[j];
else for(int j=0;j<3;j++) impForces[index][j] += drag[j];
}
}
}
// speed of light in a vacuum
inline quantity c() { return Rep( 299792458L ) * meter() / second(); }
// elementary charge
inline quantity e() { return Rep( 1.602176462e-19L ) * coulomb(); }
// Avogadro constant
inline quantity N_sub_A() { return mole() / mole() * // to help msvc
Rep( 6.02214199e+23L ) / mole(); }
CachedTexture::CachedTexture( int w,int h,int flags,int cnt ):
rep(d_new Rep(w,h,flags,cnt)){
}
void GidaspowDrag::setForce() const
{
if (scaleDia_ > 1)
Info << "Gidaspow using scale = " << scaleDia_ << endl;
else if (particleCloud_.cg() > 1){
scaleDia_=particleCloud_.cg();
Info << "Gidaspow using scale from liggghts cg = " << scaleDia_ << endl;
}
// get viscosity field
#ifdef comp
const volScalarField nufField = particleCloud_.turbulence().mu() / rho_;
#else
const volScalarField& nufField = particleCloud_.turbulence().nu();
#endif
vector position(0,0,0);
scalar voidfraction(1);
vector Ufluid(0,0,0);
vector drag(0,0,0);
label cellI=0;
vector Us(0,0,0);
vector Uturb(0,0,0);
vector Ur(0,0,0);
scalar ds(0);
scalar nuf(0);
scalar rho(0);
scalar magUr(0);
scalar Rep(0);
scalar Vs(0);
scalar localPhiP(0);
scalar CdMagUrLag(0); //Cd of the very particle
scalar KslLag(0); //momentum exchange of the very particle (per unit volume)
scalar betaP(0); //momentum exchange of the very particle
interpolationCellPoint<scalar> voidfractionInterpolator_(voidfraction_);
interpolationCellPoint<vector> UInterpolator_(U_);
#include "setupProbeModel.H"
for(int index = 0;index < particleCloud_.numberOfParticles(); ++index)
{
//if(mask[index][0])
//{
cellI = particleCloud_.cellIDs()[index][0];
drag = vector(0,0,0);
betaP = 0;
Vs = 0;
Ufluid =vector(0,0,0);
voidfraction=0;
if (cellI > -1) // particle Found
{
position = particleCloud_.position(index);
if(interpolation_)
{
//position = particleCloud_.position(index);
voidfraction = voidfractionInterpolator_.interpolate(position,cellI);
Ufluid = UInterpolator_.interpolate(position,cellI);
//Ensure interpolated void fraction to be meaningful
// Info << " --> voidfraction: " << voidfraction << endl;
if(voidfraction>1.00) voidfraction = 1.0;
if(voidfraction<0.10) voidfraction = 0.10;
}
else
{
voidfraction = voidfraction_[cellI];
Ufluid = U_[cellI];
}
Us = particleCloud_.velocity(index);
Ur = Ufluid-Us;
//accounting for turbulent dispersion
if(particleCloud_.dispersionM().isActive())
{
Uturb=particleCloud_.fluidTurbVel(index);
Ur=(Ufluid+Uturb)-Us;
}
magUr = mag(Ur);
ds = 2*particleCloud_.radius(index)*phi_;
rho = rho_[cellI];
nuf = nufField[cellI];
Rep=0.0;
localPhiP = 1.0f-voidfraction+SMALL;
Vs = ds*ds*ds*M_PI/6;
//Compute specific drag coefficient (i.e., Force per unit slip velocity and per m³ SUSPENSION)
//Wen and Yu, 1966
if(voidfraction > 0.8) //dilute
{
Rep=ds/scaleDia_*voidfraction*magUr/nuf;
CdMagUrLag = (24.0*nuf/(ds/scaleDia_*voidfraction)) //1/magUr missing here, but compensated in expression for KslLag!
*(scalar(1)+0.15*Foam::pow(Rep, 0.687));
KslLag = 0.75*(
rho*localPhiP*voidfraction*CdMagUrLag
/
(ds/scaleDia_*Foam::pow(voidfraction,2.65))
);
}
//Ergun, 1952
else //dense
{
KslLag = (150*Foam::pow(localPhiP,2)*nuf*rho)/
(voidfraction*ds/scaleDia_*ds/scaleDia_+SMALL)
+
(1.75*(localPhiP) * magUr * rho)/
((ds/scaleDia_));
}
// calc particle's drag coefficient (i.e., Force per unit slip velocity and per m³ PARTICLE)
betaP = KslLag / localPhiP;
// calc particle's drag
drag = Vs * betaP * Ur * scaleDrag_;
if (modelType_=="B")
drag /= voidfraction;
if(verbose_ && index >=0 && index <1)
{
Pout << " "<< endl;
Pout << "Gidaspow drag force verbose: " << endl;
Pout << "magUr = " << magUr << endl;
Pout << "localPhiP = " << localPhiP << endl;
Pout << "CdMagUrLag = " << CdMagUrLag << endl;
Pout << "treatExplicit_ = " << treatExplicit_ << endl;
Pout << "implDEM_ = " << implDEM_ << endl;
Pout << "modelType_ = " << modelType_ << endl;
Pout << "KslLag = " << KslLag << endl;
Pout << "cellI = " << cellI << endl;
Pout << "index = " << index << endl;
Pout << "Ufluid = " << Ufluid << endl;
Pout << "Uturb = " << Uturb << endl;
Pout << "Us = " << Us << endl;
Pout << "Ur = " << Ur << endl;
Pout << "Vs = " << Vs << endl;
Pout << "ds = " << ds << endl;
Pout << "ds/scale = " << ds/scaleDia_ << endl;
Pout << "phi = " << phi_ << endl;
Pout << "rho = " << rho << endl;
Pout << "nuf = " << nuf << endl;
Pout << "voidfraction = " << voidfraction << endl;
Pout << "Rep = " << Rep << endl;
Pout << "localPhiP = " << localPhiP << endl;
Pout << "betaP = " << betaP << endl;
Pout << "drag = " << drag << endl;
Pout << "position = " << position << endl;
Pout << " "<< endl;
}
//Set value fields and write the probe
if(probeIt_)
{
#include "setupProbeModelfields.H"
vValues.append(drag); //first entry must the be the force
vValues.append(Ur);
sValues.append(Rep);
sValues.append(betaP);
sValues.append(voidfraction);
particleCloud_.probeM().writeProbe(index, sValues, vValues);
}
}
// set force on particle
//treatExplicit_ = false by default
if(treatExplicit_) for(int j=0;j<3;j++) expForces()[index][j] += drag[j];
else for(int j=0;j<3;j++) impForces()[index][j] += drag[j];
// set Cd
//implDEM_ = false by default
if(implDEM_)
{
for(int j=0;j<3;j++) fluidVel()[index][j]=Ufluid[j];
if (modelType_=="B" && cellI > -1)
Cds()[index][0] = Vs*betaP/voidfraction*scaleDrag_;
else
Cds()[index][0] = Vs*betaP*scaleDrag_;
}else{
for(int j=0;j<3;j++) DEMForces()[index][j] += drag[j];
}
//}// end if mask
}// end loop particles
}
// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
void scalarGeneralExchange::manipulateScalarField(volScalarField& explicitEulerSource,
volScalarField& implicitEulerSource,
int speciesID) const
{
// reset Scalar field
explicitEulerSource.internalField() = 0.0;
implicitEulerSource.internalField() = 0.0;
if(speciesID>=0 && particleSpeciesValue_[speciesID]<0.0) //skip if species is not active
return;
//Set the names of the exchange fields
word fieldName;
word partDatName;
word partFluxName;
word partTransCoeffName;
word partFluidName;
scalar transportParameter;
// realloc the arrays to pull particle data
if(speciesID<0) //this is the temperature - always pull from LIGGGHTS
{
fieldName = tempFieldName_;
partDatName = partTempName_;
partFluxName = partHeatFluxName_;
partTransCoeffName = partHeatTransCoeffName_;
partFluidName = partHeatFluidName_;
transportParameter = lambda_;
allocateMyArrays(0.0);
particleCloud_.dataExchangeM().getData(partDatName,"scalar-atom", partDat_);
}
else
{
fieldName = eulerianFieldNames_[speciesID];
partDatName = partSpeciesNames_[speciesID];
partFluxName = partSpeciesFluxNames_[speciesID];
partTransCoeffName = partSpeciesTransCoeffNames_[speciesID];
partFluidName = partSpeciesFluidNames_[speciesID];
transportParameter = DMolecular_[speciesID];
allocateMyArrays(0.0);
if(particleSpeciesValue_[speciesID]>ALARGECONCENTRATION)
particleCloud_.dataExchangeM().getData(partDatName,"scalar-atom", partDat_);
}
if (scaleDia_ > 1)
Info << typeName << " using scale = " << scaleDia_ << endl;
else if (particleCloud_.cg() > 1)
{
scaleDia_=particleCloud_.cg();
Info << typeName << " using scale from liggghts cg = " << scaleDia_ << endl;
}
//==============================
// get references
const volScalarField& voidfraction_(particleCloud_.mesh().lookupObject<volScalarField> (voidfractionFieldName_)); // ref to voidfraction field
const volVectorField& U_(particleCloud_.mesh().lookupObject<volVectorField> (velFieldName_));
const volScalarField& fluidScalarField_(particleCloud_.mesh().lookupObject<volScalarField> (fieldName)); // ref to scalar field
const volScalarField& nufField = forceSubM(0).nuField();
//==============================
// calc La based heat flux
vector position(0,0,0);
scalar voidfraction(1);
vector Ufluid(0,0,0);
scalar fluidValue(0);
label cellI=0;
vector Us(0,0,0);
vector Ur(0,0,0);
scalar dscaled(0);
scalar nuf(0);
scalar magUr(0);
scalar As(0);
scalar Rep(0);
scalar Pr(0);
scalar sDth(scaleDia_*scaleDia_*scaleDia_);
interpolationCellPoint<scalar> voidfractionInterpolator_(voidfraction_);
interpolationCellPoint<vector> UInterpolator_(U_);
interpolationCellPoint<scalar> fluidScalarFieldInterpolator_(fluidScalarField_);
#include "setupProbeModel.H"
for(int index = 0;index < particleCloud_.numberOfParticles(); ++index)
{
cellI = particleCloud_.cellIDs()[index][0];
if(cellI >= 0)
{
if(forceSubM(0).interpolation())
{
position = particleCloud_.position(index);
voidfraction = voidfractionInterpolator_.interpolate(position,cellI);
Ufluid = UInterpolator_.interpolate(position,cellI);
fluidValue = fluidScalarFieldInterpolator_.interpolate(position,cellI);
}else
{
voidfraction = voidfraction_[cellI];
Ufluid = U_[cellI];
fluidValue = fluidScalarField_[cellI];
}
// calc relative velocity
Us = particleCloud_.velocity(index);
Ur = Ufluid-Us;
magUr = mag(Ur);
dscaled = 2*particleCloud_.radius(index)/scaleDia_;
As = dscaled*dscaled*M_PI*sDth;
nuf = nufField[cellI];
Rep = dscaled*magUr/nuf;
if(speciesID<0) //have temperature
Pr = Prandtl_;
else
Pr = max(SMALL,nuf/transportParameter); //This is Sc for species
scalar alpha = transportParameter*(this->*Nusselt)(Rep,Pr,voidfraction)/(dscaled);
// calc convective heat flux [W]
scalar areaTimesTransferCoefficient = alpha * As;
scalar tmpPartFlux = areaTimesTransferCoefficient
* (fluidValue - partDat_[index][0]);
partDatFlux_[index][0] = tmpPartFlux;
// split implicit/explicit contribution
forceSubM(0).explicitCorrScalar( partDatTmpImpl_[index][0],
partDatTmpExpl_[index][0],
areaTimesTransferCoefficient,
fluidValue,
fluidScalarField_[cellI],
partDat_[index][0],
forceSubM(0).verbose()
);
if(validPartTransCoeff_)
partDatTransCoeff_[index][0] = alpha;
if(validPartFluid_)
partDatFluid_[index][0] = fluidValue;
if( forceSubM(0).verbose())
{
Pout << "fieldName = " << fieldName << endl;
Pout << "partTransCoeffName = " << partTransCoeffName << endl;
Pout << "index = " <<index << endl;
Pout << "partFlux = " << tmpPartFlux << endl;
Pout << "magUr = " << magUr << endl;
Pout << "As = " << As << endl;
Pout << "r = " << particleCloud_.radius(index) << endl;
Pout << "dscaled = " << dscaled << endl;
Pout << "nuf = " << nuf << endl;
Pout << "Rep = " << Rep << endl;
Pout << "Pr/Sc = " << Pr << endl;
Pout << "Nup/Shp = " << (this->*Nusselt)(Rep,Pr,voidfraction) << endl;
Pout << "partDatTransCoeff: " << partDatTransCoeff_[index][0] << endl;
Pout << "voidfraction = " << voidfraction << endl;
Pout << "partDat_[index][0] = " << partDat_[index][0] << endl ;
Pout << "fluidValue = " << fluidValue << endl ;
}
//Set value fields and write the probe
if(probeIt_)
{
#include "setupProbeModelfields.H"
vValues.append(Ur);
sValues.append((this->*Nusselt)(Rep,Pr,voidfraction));
sValues.append(Rep);
particleCloud_.probeM().writeProbe(index, sValues, vValues);
}
}
}
//Handle explicit and implicit source terms on the Euler side
//these are simple summations!
particleCloud_.averagingM().setScalarSum
(
explicitEulerSource,
partDatTmpExpl_,
particleCloud_.particleWeights(),
NULL
);
particleCloud_.averagingM().setScalarSum
(
implicitEulerSource,
partDatTmpImpl_,
particleCloud_.particleWeights(),
NULL
);
// scale with the cell volume to get (total) volume-specific source
explicitEulerSource.internalField() /= -explicitEulerSource.mesh().V();
implicitEulerSource.internalField() /= -implicitEulerSource.mesh().V();
// limit explicit source term
scalar explicitEulerSourceInCell;
forAll(explicitEulerSource,cellI)
{
explicitEulerSourceInCell = explicitEulerSource[cellI];
if(mag(explicitEulerSourceInCell) > maxSource_ )
{
explicitEulerSource[cellI] = sign(explicitEulerSourceInCell) * maxSource_;
}
}
void KochHillDrag::setForce() const
{
const volScalarField& nufField = forceSubM(0).nuField();
const volScalarField& rhoField = forceSubM(0).rhoField();
//update force submodels to prepare for loop
for (int iFSub=0;iFSub<nrForceSubModels();iFSub++)
forceSubM(iFSub).preParticleLoop(forceSubM(iFSub).verbose());
vector position(0,0,0);
scalar voidfraction(1);
vector Ufluid(0,0,0);
vector drag(0,0,0);
vector dragExplicit(0,0,0);
scalar dragCoefficient(0);
label cellI=0;
vector Us(0,0,0);
vector Ur(0,0,0);
scalar ds(0);
scalar dParcel(0);
scalar nuf(0);
scalar rho(0);
scalar magUr(0);
scalar Rep(0);
scalar Vs(0);
scalar volumefraction(0);
scalar betaP(0);
scalar piBySix(M_PI/6);
int couplingInterval(particleCloud_.dataExchangeM().couplingInterval());
#include "resetVoidfractionInterpolator.H"
#include "resetUInterpolator.H"
#include "setupProbeModel.H"
for(int index = 0;index < particleCloud_.numberOfParticles(); index++)
{
cellI = particleCloud_.cellIDs()[index][0];
drag = vector(0,0,0);
dragExplicit = vector(0,0,0);
dragCoefficient=0;
betaP = 0;
Vs = 0;
Ufluid =vector(0,0,0);
voidfraction=0;
if (cellI > -1) // particle Found
{
if(forceSubM(0).interpolation())
{
position = particleCloud_.position(index);
voidfraction = voidfractionInterpolator_().interpolate(position,cellI);
Ufluid = UInterpolator_().interpolate(position,cellI);
//Ensure interpolated void fraction to be meaningful
// Info << " --> voidfraction: " << voidfraction << endl;
if(voidfraction>1.00) voidfraction = 1.00;
if(voidfraction<0.40) voidfraction = 0.40;
}else
{
voidfraction = voidfraction_[cellI];
Ufluid = U_[cellI];
}
ds = particleCloud_.d(index);
dParcel = ds;
forceSubM(0).scaleDia(ds); //caution: this fct will scale ds!
nuf = nufField[cellI];
rho = rhoField[cellI];
Us = particleCloud_.velocity(index);
//Update any scalar or vector quantity
for (int iFSub=0;iFSub<nrForceSubModels();iFSub++)
forceSubM(iFSub).update( index,
cellI,
ds,
Ufluid,
Us,
nuf,
rho,
forceSubM(0).verbose()
);
Ur = Ufluid-Us;
magUr = mag(Ur);
Rep = 0;
Vs = ds*ds*ds*piBySix;
volumefraction = max(SMALL,min(1-SMALL,1-voidfraction));
if (magUr > 0)
{
// calc particle Re Nr
Rep = ds*voidfraction*magUr/(nuf+SMALL);
// calc model coefficient F0
scalar F0=0.;
if(volumefraction < 0.4)
{
F0 = (1. + 3.*sqrt((volumefraction)/2.) + (135./64.)*volumefraction*log(volumefraction)
+ 16.14*volumefraction
)/
(1+0.681*volumefraction-8.48*sqr(volumefraction)
+8.16*volumefraction*volumefraction*volumefraction
);
} else {
F0 = 10*volumefraction/(voidfraction*voidfraction*voidfraction);
}
// calc model coefficient F3
scalar F3 = 0.0673+0.212*volumefraction+0.0232/pow(voidfraction,5);
//Calculate F (the factor 0.5 is introduced, since Koch and Hill, ARFM 33:619–47, use the radius
//to define Rep, and we use the particle diameter, see vanBuijtenen et al., CES 66:2368–2376.
scalar F = voidfraction * (F0 + 0.5*F3*Rep);
// calc drag model coefficient betaP
betaP = 18.*nuf*rho/(ds*ds)*voidfraction*F;
// calc particle's drag
dragCoefficient = Vs*betaP;
if (modelType_=="B")
dragCoefficient /= voidfraction;
forceSubM(0).scaleCoeff(dragCoefficient,dParcel);
if(forceSubM(0).switches()[7]) // implForceDEMaccumulated=true
{
//get drag from the particle itself
for (int j=0 ; j<3 ; j++) drag[j] = particleCloud_.fAccs()[index][j]/couplingInterval;
}else
{
drag = dragCoefficient * Ur;
// explicitCorr
for (int iFSub=0;iFSub<nrForceSubModels();iFSub++)
forceSubM(iFSub).explicitCorr( drag,
dragExplicit,
dragCoefficient,
Ufluid, U_[cellI], Us, UsField_[cellI],
forceSubM(iFSub).verbose()
);
}
}
if(forceSubM(0).verbose() && index >=0 && index <2)
{
Pout << "cellI = " << cellI << endl;
Pout << "index = " << index << endl;
Pout << "Us = " << Us << endl;
Pout << "Ur = " << Ur << endl;
Pout << "dprim = " << ds << endl;
Pout << "rho = " << rho << endl;
Pout << "nuf = " << nuf << endl;
Pout << "voidfraction = " << voidfraction << endl;
Pout << "Rep = " << Rep << endl;
Pout << "betaP = " << betaP << endl;
Pout << "drag = " << drag << endl;
}
//Set value fields and write the probe
if(probeIt_)
{
#include "setupProbeModelfields.H"
// Note: for other than ext one could use vValues.append(x)
// instead of setSize
vValues.setSize(vValues.size()+1, drag); //first entry must the be the force
vValues.setSize(vValues.size()+1, Ur);
sValues.setSize(sValues.size()+1, Rep);
sValues.setSize(sValues.size()+1, betaP);
sValues.setSize(sValues.size()+1, voidfraction);
particleCloud_.probeM().writeProbe(index, sValues, vValues);
}
}
// write particle based data to global array
forceSubM(0).partToArray(index,drag,dragExplicit,Ufluid,dragCoefficient);
}
}
namespace phys { namespace units {
constexpr quantity< electric_current_d > abampere { Rep( 1e+1L ) * ampere };
constexpr quantity< electric_charge_d > abcoulomb { Rep( 1e+1L ) * coulomb };
constexpr quantity< capacitance_d > abfarad { Rep( 1e+9L ) * farad };
constexpr quantity< inductance_d > abhenry { Rep( 1e-9L ) * henry };
constexpr quantity< electric_conductance_d > abmho { Rep( 1e+9L ) * siemens };
constexpr quantity< electric_resistance_d > abohm { Rep( 1e-9L ) * ohm };
constexpr quantity< electric_potential_d > abvolt { Rep( 1e-8L ) * volt };
constexpr quantity< area_d > acre { Rep( 4.046873e+3L ) * square( meter ) };
constexpr quantity< volume_d > acre_foot { Rep( 1.233489e+3L ) * cube( meter ) };
constexpr quantity< length_d > astronomical_unit { Rep( 1.495979e+11L ) * meter };
constexpr quantity< pressure_d > atmosphere_std { Rep( 1.01325e+5L ) * pascal };
constexpr quantity< pressure_d > atmosphere_tech { Rep( 9.80665e+4L ) * pascal };
constexpr quantity< volume_d > barrel { Rep( 1.589873e-1L ) * cube( meter ) };
constexpr quantity< electric_current_d > biot { Rep( 1e+1L ) * ampere };
constexpr quantity< energy_d > btu { Rep( 1.05587e+3L ) * joule };
constexpr quantity< energy_d > btu_it { Rep( 1.055056e+3L ) * joule };
constexpr quantity< energy_d > btu_th { Rep( 1.054350e+3L ) * joule };
constexpr quantity< energy_d > btu_39F { Rep( 1.05967e+3L ) * joule };
constexpr quantity< energy_d > btu_59F { Rep( 1.05480e+3L ) * joule };
constexpr quantity< energy_d > btu_60F { Rep( 1.05468e+3L ) * joule };
constexpr quantity< volume_d > bushel { Rep( 3.523907e-2L ) * cube( meter ) };
constexpr quantity< energy_d > calorie { Rep( 4.19002L ) * joule };
constexpr quantity< energy_d > calorie_it { Rep( 4.1868L ) * joule };
constexpr quantity< energy_d > calorie_th { Rep( 4.184L ) * joule };
constexpr quantity< energy_d > calorie_15C { Rep( 4.18580L ) * joule };
constexpr quantity< energy_d > calorie_20C { Rep( 4.18190L ) * joule };
constexpr quantity< mass_d > carat_metric { Rep( 2e-4L ) * kilogram };
constexpr quantity< length_d > chain { Rep( 2.011684e+1L ) * meter };
constexpr quantity< thermal_insulance_d > clo { Rep( 1.55e-1L ) * square( meter ) * kelvin / watt };
constexpr quantity< pressure_d > cm_mercury { Rep( 1.333224e+3L ) * pascal };
constexpr quantity< volume_d > cord { Rep( 3.624556L ) * cube( meter ) };
constexpr quantity< volume_d > cup { Rep( 2.365882e-4L ) * cube( meter ) };
constexpr quantity< dimensions< 2, 0, 0 >> darcy { Rep( 9.869233e-13L ) * square( meter ) };
constexpr quantity< time_interval_d > day_sidereal { Rep( 8.616409e+4L ) * second };
constexpr quantity< dimensions< 1, 0, 1, 1>> debye { Rep( 3.335641e-30L ) * coulomb * meter };
constexpr quantity< thermodynamic_temperature_d > degree_fahrenheit{ Rep( 5.555556e-1L ) * kelvin };
constexpr quantity< thermodynamic_temperature_d > degree_rankine { Rep( 5.555556e-1L ) * kelvin };
constexpr quantity< dimensions< -1, 1, 0 >> denier { Rep( 1.111111e-7L ) * kilogram / meter };
constexpr quantity< force_d > dyne { Rep( 1e-5L ) * newton };
constexpr quantity< energy_d > erg { Rep( 1e-7L ) * joule };
constexpr quantity< electric_charge_d > faraday { Rep( 9.648531e+4L ) * coulomb };
constexpr quantity< length_d > fathom { Rep( 1.828804L ) * meter };
constexpr quantity< length_d > fermi { Rep( 1e-15L ) * meter };
constexpr quantity< length_d > foot { Rep( 3.048e-1L ) * meter };
constexpr quantity< energy_d > foot_pound_force { Rep( 1.355818L ) * joule };
constexpr quantity< energy_d > foot_poundal { Rep( 4.214011e-2L ) * joule };
constexpr quantity< length_d > foot_us_survey { Rep( 3.048006e-1L ) * meter };
constexpr quantity< illuminance_d > footcandle { Rep( 1.076391e+1L ) * lux };
constexpr quantity< illuminance_d > footlambert { Rep( 3.426259L ) * candela / square( meter ) };
constexpr quantity< time_interval_d > fortnight { Rep( 14 ) * day }; // from OED
constexpr quantity< electric_charge_d > franklin { Rep( 3.335641e-10L ) * coulomb };
constexpr quantity< length_d > furlong { Rep( 2.01168e+2L ) * meter }; // from OED
constexpr quantity< volume_d > gallon_imperial { Rep( 4.54609e-3L ) * cube( meter ) };
constexpr quantity< volume_d > gallon_us { Rep( 3.785412e-3L ) * cube( meter ) };
constexpr quantity< magnetic_flux_density_d > gamma { Rep( 1e-9L ) * tesla };
constexpr quantity< mass_d > gamma_mass { Rep( 1e-9L ) * kilogram };
constexpr quantity< magnetic_flux_density_d > gauss { Rep( 1e-4L ) * tesla };
constexpr quantity< electric_current_d > gilbert { Rep( 7.957747e-1L ) * ampere };
constexpr quantity< volume_d > gill_imperial { Rep( 1.420653e-4L ) * cube( meter ) };
constexpr quantity< volume_d > gill_us { Rep( 1.182941e-4L ) * cube( meter ) };
constexpr Rep gon { Rep( 9e-1L ) * degree_angle };
constexpr quantity< mass_d > grain { Rep( 6.479891e-5L ) * kilogram };
constexpr quantity< power_d > horsepower { Rep( 7.456999e+2L ) * watt };
constexpr quantity< power_d > horsepower_boiler { Rep( 9.80950e+3L ) * watt };
constexpr quantity< power_d > horsepower_electric{ Rep( 7.46e+2L ) * watt };
constexpr quantity< power_d > horsepower_metric { Rep( 7.354988e+2L ) * watt };
constexpr quantity< power_d > horsepower_uk { Rep( 7.4570e+2L ) * watt };
constexpr quantity< power_d > horsepower_water { Rep( 7.46043e+2L ) * watt };
constexpr quantity< time_interval_d > hour_sidereal { Rep( 3.590170e+3L ) * second };
constexpr quantity< mass_d > hundredweight_long { Rep( 5.080235e+1L ) * kilogram };
constexpr quantity< mass_d > hundredweight_short{ Rep( 4.535924e+1L ) * kilogram };
constexpr quantity< length_d > inch { Rep( 2.54e-2L ) * meter };
constexpr quantity< pressure_d > inches_mercury { Rep( 3.386389e+3L ) * pascal };
constexpr quantity< wave_number_d > kayser { Rep( 1e+2 ) / meter };
constexpr quantity< force_d > kilogram_force { Rep( 9.80665 ) * newton };
constexpr quantity< force_d > kilopond { Rep( 9.80665 ) * newton };
constexpr quantity< force_d > kip { Rep( 4.448222e+3L ) * newton };
constexpr quantity< volume_d > lambda_volume { Rep( 1e-9L ) * cube( meter ) };
constexpr quantity< illuminance_d > lambert { Rep( 3.183099e+3L ) * candela / square( meter ) };
constexpr quantity< heat_density_d > langley { Rep( 4.184e+4L ) * joule / square( meter ) };
constexpr quantity< length_d > light_year { Rep( 9.46073e+15L ) * meter };
constexpr quantity< magnetic_flux_d > maxwell { Rep( 1e-8L ) * weber };
constexpr quantity< electric_conductance_d > mho { siemens };
constexpr quantity< length_d > micron { micro * meter };
constexpr quantity< length_d > mil { Rep( 2.54e-5L ) * meter };
constexpr Rep mil_angle { Rep( 5.625e-2L ) * degree_angle };
constexpr quantity< area_d > mil_circular { Rep( 5.067075e-10L ) * square( meter ) };
constexpr quantity< length_d > mile { Rep( 1.609344e+3L ) * meter };
constexpr quantity< length_d > mile_us_survey { Rep( 1.609347e+3L ) * meter };
constexpr quantity< time_interval_d > minute_sidereal { Rep( 5.983617e+1L ) * second };
constexpr quantity< dimensions< -1, 0, 0, 1 > >oersted { Rep( 7.957747e+1L ) * ampere / meter };
constexpr quantity< mass_d > ounce_avdp { Rep( 2.834952e-2L ) * kilogram };
constexpr quantity< volume_d > ounce_fluid_imperial{ Rep( 2.841306e-5L ) * cube( meter ) };
constexpr quantity< volume_d > ounce_fluid_us { Rep( 2.957353e-5L ) * cube( meter ) };
constexpr quantity< force_d > ounce_force { Rep( 2.780139e-1L ) * newton };
constexpr quantity< mass_d > ounce_troy { Rep( 3.110348e-2L ) * kilogram };
constexpr quantity< length_d > parsec { Rep( 3.085678e+16L ) * meter };
constexpr quantity< volume_d > peck { Rep( 8.809768e-3L ) * cube( meter ) };
constexpr quantity< mass_d > pennyweight { Rep( 1.555174e-3L ) * kilogram };
constexpr quantity< substance_permeability_d > perm_0C { Rep( 5.72135e-11L ) * kilogram / pascal / second / square( meter ) };
constexpr quantity< substance_permeability_d > perm_23C { Rep( 5.74525e-11L ) * kilogram / pascal / second / square( meter ) };
constexpr quantity< illuminance_d > phot { Rep( 1e+4L ) * lux };
constexpr quantity< length_d > pica_computer { Rep( 4.233333e-3L ) * meter };
constexpr quantity< length_d > pica_printers { Rep( 4.217518e-3L ) * meter };
constexpr quantity< volume_d > pint_dry { Rep( 5.506105e-4L ) * cube( meter ) };
constexpr quantity< volume_d > pint_liquid { Rep( 4.731765e-4L ) * cube( meter ) };
constexpr quantity< length_d > point_computer { Rep( 3.527778e-4L ) * meter };
constexpr quantity< length_d > point_printers { Rep( 3.514598e-4L ) * meter };
constexpr quantity< dynamic_viscosity_d > poise { Rep( 1e-1L ) * pascal * second };
constexpr quantity< mass_d > pound_avdp { Rep( 4.5359237e-1L ) * kilogram };
constexpr quantity< force_d > pound_force { Rep( 4.448222L ) * newton };
constexpr quantity< mass_d > pound_troy { Rep( 3.732417e-1L ) * kilogram };
constexpr quantity< force_d > poundal { Rep( 1.382550e-1L ) * newton };
constexpr quantity< pressure_d > psi { Rep( 6.894757e+3L ) * pascal };
constexpr quantity< energy_d > quad { Rep( 1e+15L ) * btu_it };
constexpr quantity< volume_d > quart_dry { Rep( 1.101221e-3L ) * cube( meter ) };
constexpr quantity< volume_d > quart_liquid { Rep( 9.463529e-4L ) * cube( meter ) };
constexpr Rep revolution { Rep( 2 ) * pi };
constexpr quantity< dimensions< 1, -1, 1 > > rhe { Rep( 1e+1L ) / pascal / second };
constexpr quantity< length_d > rod { Rep( 5.029210L ) * meter };
constexpr quantity< angular_velocity_d > rpm { Rep( 1.047198e-1L ) / second };
constexpr quantity< time_interval_d > second_sidereal { Rep( 9.972696e-1L ) * second };
constexpr quantity< time_interval_d > shake { Rep( 1e-8L ) * second };
constexpr quantity< mass_d > slug { Rep( 1.459390e+1L ) * kilogram };
constexpr quantity< electric_current_d > statampere { Rep( 3.335641e-10L ) * ampere };
constexpr quantity< electric_charge_d > statcoulomb { Rep( 3.335641e-10L ) * coulomb };
constexpr quantity< capacitance_d > statfarad { Rep( 1.112650e-12L ) * farad };
constexpr quantity< inductance_d > stathenry { Rep( 8.987552e+11L ) * henry };
constexpr quantity< electric_conductance_d > statmho { Rep( 1.112650e-12L ) * siemens };
constexpr quantity< electric_resistance_d > statohm { Rep( 8.987552e+11L ) * ohm };
constexpr quantity< electric_potential_d > statvolt { Rep( 2.997925e+2L ) * volt };
constexpr quantity< volume_d > stere { cube( meter ) };
constexpr quantity< illuminance_d > stilb { Rep( 1e+4L ) * candela / square( meter ) };
constexpr quantity< kinematic_viscosity_d > stokes { Rep( 1e-4L ) * square( meter ) / second };
constexpr quantity< volume_d > tablespoon { Rep( 1.478676e-5L ) * cube( meter ) };
constexpr quantity< volume_d > teaspoon { Rep( 4.928922e-6L ) * cube( meter ) };
constexpr quantity< dimensions< -1, 1, 0 > > tex { Rep( 1e-6L ) * kilogram / meter };
constexpr quantity< energy_d > therm_ec { Rep( 1.05506e+8L ) * joule };
constexpr quantity< energy_d > therm_us { Rep( 1.054804e+8L ) * joule };
constexpr quantity< mass_d > ton_assay { Rep( 2.916667e-2L ) * kilogram };
constexpr quantity< force_d > ton_force { Rep( 8.896443e+3L ) * newton };
constexpr quantity< mass_d > ton_long { Rep( 1.016047e+3L ) * kilogram };
constexpr quantity< heat_flow_rate_d > ton_refrigeration { Rep( 3.516853e+3L ) * watt };
constexpr quantity< volume_d > ton_register { Rep( 2.831685L ) * cube( meter ) };
constexpr quantity< mass_d > ton_short { Rep( 9.071847e+2L ) * kilogram };
constexpr quantity< energy_d > ton_tnt { Rep( 4.184e+9L ) * joule };
constexpr quantity< pressure_d > torr { Rep( 1.333224e+2L ) * pascal };
constexpr quantity< magnetic_flux_d > unit_pole { Rep( 1.256637e-7L ) * weber };
constexpr quantity< time_interval_d > week { Rep( 604800L ) * second }; // 7 days
constexpr quantity< length_d > x_unit { Rep( 1.002e-13L ) * meter };
constexpr quantity< length_d > yard { Rep( 9.144e-1L ) * meter };
constexpr quantity< time_interval_d > year_sidereal { Rep( 3.155815e+7L ) * second };
constexpr quantity< time_interval_d > year_std { Rep( 3.1536e+7L ) * second }; // 365 days
constexpr quantity< time_interval_d > year_tropical { Rep( 3.155693e+7L ) * second };
}} // namespace phys::units
void DiFeliceDrag::setForce() const
{
if (scaleDia_ > 1)
Info << typeName << " using scale = " << scaleDia_ << endl;
else if (particleCloud_.cg() > 1){
scaleDia_=particleCloud_.cg();
Info << typeName << " using scale from liggghts cg = " << scaleDia_ << endl;
}
const volScalarField& nufField = forceSubM(0).nuField();
const volScalarField& rhoField = forceSubM(0).rhoField();
vector position(0,0,0);
scalar voidfraction(1);
vector Ufluid(0,0,0);
vector drag(0,0,0);
vector dragExplicit(0,0,0);
scalar dragCoefficient(0);
label cellI=0;
vector Us(0,0,0);
vector Ur(0,0,0);
scalar ds(0);
scalar nuf(0);
scalar rho(0);
scalar magUr(0);
scalar Rep(0);
scalar Cd(0);
interpolationCellPoint<scalar> voidfractionInterpolator_(voidfraction_);
interpolationCellPoint<vector> UInterpolator_(U_);
#include "setupProbeModel.H"
for(int index = 0;index < particleCloud_.numberOfParticles(); index++)
{
cellI = particleCloud_.cellIDs()[index][0];
drag = vector(0,0,0);
dragExplicit = vector(0,0,0);
Ufluid =vector(0,0,0);
if (cellI > -1) // particle Found
{
if(forceSubM(0).interpolation())
{
position = particleCloud_.position(index);
voidfraction = voidfractionInterpolator_.interpolate(position,cellI);
Ufluid = UInterpolator_.interpolate(position,cellI);
}else
{
voidfraction = voidfraction_[cellI];
Ufluid = U_[cellI];
}
Us = particleCloud_.velocity(index);
Ur = Ufluid-Us;
ds = 2*particleCloud_.radius(index);
nuf = nufField[cellI];
rho = rhoField[cellI];
magUr = mag(Ur);
Rep = 0;
Cd = 0;
dragCoefficient = 0;
if (magUr > 0)
{
// calc particle Re Nr
Rep = ds/scaleDia_*voidfraction*magUr/(nuf+SMALL);
// calc fluid drag Coeff
Cd = sqr(0.63 + 4.8/sqrt(Rep));
// calc model coefficient Xi
scalar Xi = 3.7 - 0.65 * exp(-sqr(1.5-log10(Rep))/2);
// calc particle's drag
dragCoefficient = 0.125*Cd*rho
*M_PI
*ds*ds
*scaleDia_
*pow(voidfraction,(2-Xi))*magUr
*scaleDrag_;
if (modelType_=="B")
dragCoefficient /= voidfraction;
drag = dragCoefficient*Ur; //total drag force!
forceSubM(0).explicitCorr(drag,dragExplicit,dragCoefficient,Ufluid,U_[cellI],Us,UsField_[cellI],forceSubM(0).verbose(),index);
}
if(forceSubM(0).verbose() && index >-1 && index <102)
{
Pout << "index = " << index << endl;
Pout << "scaleDrag_ = " << scaleDrag_ << endl;
Pout << "Us = " << Us << endl;
Pout << "Ur = " << Ur << endl;
Pout << "ds/scale = " << ds/scaleDia_ << endl;
Pout << "rho = " << rho << endl;
Pout << "nuf = " << nuf << endl;
Pout << "voidfraction = " << voidfraction << endl;
Pout << "Rep = " << Rep << endl;
Pout << "Cd = " << Cd << endl;
Pout << "drag (total) = " << drag << endl;
}
//Set value fields and write the probe
if(probeIt_)
{
#include "setupProbeModelfields.H"
vValues.append(drag); //first entry must the be the force
vValues.append(Ur);
sValues.append(Rep);
sValues.append(Cd);
sValues.append(voidfraction);
particleCloud_.probeM().writeProbe(index, sValues, vValues);
}
}
// write particle based data to global array
forceSubM(0).partToArray(index,drag,dragExplicit,Ufluid,dragCoefficient);
}
}
// acceleration of free-fall, standard
inline quantity g_sub_n() { return Rep( 9.80665L ) * meter() / square( second() ); }
void DiFeliceDrag::setForce() const
{
// get viscosity field
#ifdef comp
const volScalarField nufField = particleCloud_.turbulence().mu() / rho_;
#else
const volScalarField& nufField = particleCloud_.turbulence().nu();
#endif
vector position(0,0,0);
scalar voidfraction(1);
vector Ufluid(0,0,0);
vector drag(0,0,0);
label cellI=0;
vector Us(0,0,0);
vector Ur(0,0,0);
scalar ds(0);
scalar nuf(0);
scalar rho(0);
scalar magUr(0);
scalar Rep(0);
scalar Cd(0);
interpolationCellPoint<scalar> voidfractionInterpolator_(voidfraction_);
interpolationCellPoint<vector> UInterpolator_(U_);
#include "setupProbeModel.H"
for(int index = 0;index < particleCloud_.numberOfParticles(); index++)
{
//if(mask[index][0])
//{
cellI = particleCloud_.cellIDs()[index][0];
drag = vector(0,0,0);
if (cellI > -1) // particle Found
{
if(interpolation_)
{
position = particleCloud_.position(index);
voidfraction = voidfractionInterpolator_.interpolate(position,cellI);
Ufluid = UInterpolator_.interpolate(position,cellI);
}else
{
voidfraction = voidfraction_[cellI];
Ufluid = U_[cellI];
}
Us = particleCloud_.velocity(index);
Ur = Ufluid-Us;
ds = 2*particleCloud_.radius(index);
nuf = nufField[cellI];
rho = rho_[cellI];
magUr = mag(Ur);
Rep = 0;
Cd = 0;
if (magUr > 0)
{
// calc particle Re Nr
Rep = ds*voidfraction*magUr/(nuf+SMALL);
// calc fluid drag Coeff
Cd = sqr(0.63 + 4.8/sqrt(Rep));
// calc model coefficient Xi
scalar Xi = 3.7 - 0.65 * exp(-sqr(1.5-log10(Rep))/2);
// calc particle's drag
drag = 0.125*Cd*rho*M_PI*ds*ds*pow(voidfraction,(2-Xi))*magUr*Ur;
if (modelType_=="B")
drag /= voidfraction;
}
if(verbose_ && index >100 && index <102)
{
Pout << "index = " << index << endl;
Pout << "Us = " << Us << endl;
Pout << "Ur = " << Ur << endl;
Pout << "ds = " << ds << endl;
Pout << "rho = " << rho << endl;
Pout << "nuf = " << nuf << endl;
Pout << "voidfraction = " << voidfraction << endl;
Pout << "Rep = " << Rep << endl;
Pout << "Cd = " << Cd << endl;
Pout << "drag = " << drag << endl;
}
//Set value fields and write the probe
if(probeIt_)
{
#include "setupProbeModelfields.H"
vValues.append(drag); //first entry must the be the force
vValues.append(Ur);
sValues.append(Rep);
sValues.append(Cd);
sValues.append(voidfraction);
particleCloud_.probeM().writeProbe(index, sValues, vValues);
}
}
// set force on particle
if(treatExplicit_) for(int j=0;j<3;j++) expForces()[index][j] += drag[j];
else for(int j=0;j<3;j++) impForces()[index][j] += drag[j];
for(int j=0;j<3;j++) DEMForces()[index][j] += drag[j];
}
//}
}
// electronvolt
inline quantity eV() { return Rep( 1.60217733e-19L ) * joule(); }
void KochHillDrag::setForce() const
{
if (scaleDia_ > 1)
Info << "KochHill using scale = " << scaleDia_ << endl;
else if (particleCloud_.cg() > 1){
scaleDia_=particleCloud_.cg();
Info << "KochHill using scale from liggghts cg = " << scaleDia_ << endl;
}
// get viscosity field
#ifdef comp
const volScalarField nufField = particleCloud_.turbulence().mu()/rho_;
#else
const volScalarField& nufField = particleCloud_.turbulence().nu();
#endif
vector position(0,0,0);
scalar voidfraction(1);
vector Ufluid(0,0,0);
vector drag(0,0,0);
label cellI=0;
vector Us(0,0,0);
vector Ur(0,0,0);
scalar ds(0);
scalar nuf(0);
scalar rho(0);
scalar magUr(0);
scalar Rep(0);
scalar Vs(0);
scalar volumefraction(0);
scalar betaP(0);
interpolationCellPoint<scalar> voidfractionInterpolator_(voidfraction_);
interpolationCellPoint<vector> UInterpolator_(U_);
#include "setupProbeModel.H"
for(int index = 0;index < particleCloud_.numberOfParticles(); index++)
{
//if(mask[index][0])
//{
cellI = particleCloud_.cellIDs()[index][0];
drag = vector(0,0,0);
betaP = 0;
Vs = 0;
Ufluid =vector(0,0,0);
voidfraction=0;
if (cellI > -1) // particle Found
{
if(interpolation_)
{
position = particleCloud_.position(index);
voidfraction = voidfractionInterpolator_.interpolate(position,cellI);
Ufluid = UInterpolator_.interpolate(position,cellI);
//Ensure interpolated void fraction to be meaningful
// Info << " --> voidfraction: " << voidfraction << endl;
if(voidfraction>1.00) voidfraction = 1.00;
if(voidfraction<0.40) voidfraction = 0.40;
}else
{
voidfraction = voidfraction_[cellI];
Ufluid = U_[cellI];
}
Us = particleCloud_.velocity(index);
Ur = Ufluid-Us;
ds = particleCloud_.d(index);
nuf = nufField[cellI];
rho = rho_[cellI];
magUr = mag(Ur);
Rep = 0;
Vs = ds*ds*ds*M_PI/6;
volumefraction = 1-voidfraction+SMALL;
if (magUr > 0)
{
// calc particle Re Nr
Rep = ds/scaleDia_*voidfraction*magUr/(nuf+SMALL);
// calc model coefficient F0
scalar F0=0.;
if(volumefraction < 0.4)
{
F0 = (1+3*sqrt((volumefraction)/2)+135/64*volumefraction*log(volumefraction)
+16.14*volumefraction
)/
(1+0.681*volumefraction-8.48*sqr(volumefraction)
+8.16*volumefraction*volumefraction*volumefraction
);
} else {
F0 = 10*volumefraction/(voidfraction*voidfraction*voidfraction);
}
// calc model coefficient F3
scalar F3 = 0.0673+0.212*volumefraction+0.0232/pow(voidfraction,5);
//Calculate F
scalar F = voidfraction * (F0 + 0.5*F3*Rep);
// calc drag model coefficient betaP
betaP = 18.*nuf*rho/(ds/scaleDia_*ds/scaleDia_)*voidfraction*F;
// calc particle's drag
drag = Vs*betaP*Ur*scaleDrag_;
if (modelType_=="B")
drag /= voidfraction;
}
if(verbose_ && index >=0 && index <2)
{
Pout << "cellI = " << cellI << endl;
Pout << "index = " << index << endl;
Pout << "Us = " << Us << endl;
Pout << "Ur = " << Ur << endl;
Pout << "ds = " << ds << endl;
Pout << "ds/scale = " << ds/scaleDia_ << endl;
Pout << "rho = " << rho << endl;
Pout << "nuf = " << nuf << endl;
Pout << "voidfraction = " << voidfraction << endl;
Pout << "Rep = " << Rep << endl;
Pout << "betaP = " << betaP << endl;
Pout << "drag = " << drag << endl;
}
//Set value fields and write the probe
if(probeIt_)
{
#include "setupProbeModelfields.H"
vValues.append(drag); //first entry must the be the force
vValues.append(Ur);
sValues.append(Rep);
sValues.append(betaP);
sValues.append(voidfraction);
particleCloud_.probeM().writeProbe(index, sValues, vValues);
}
}
// set force on particle
if(treatExplicit_) for(int j=0;j<3;j++) expForces()[index][j] += drag[j];
else for(int j=0;j<3;j++) impForces()[index][j] += drag[j];
// set Cd
if(implDEM_)
{
for(int j=0;j<3;j++) fluidVel()[index][j]=Ufluid[j];
if (modelType_=="B" && cellI > -1)
Cds()[index][0] = Vs*betaP/voidfraction*scaleDrag_;
else
Cds()[index][0] = Vs*betaP*scaleDrag_;
}else{
for(int j=0;j<3;j++) DEMForces()[index][j] += drag[j];
}
//}
}
}
// Planck constant
inline quantity h() { return Rep( 6.62606876e-34L ) * joule() * second(); }
MD2Model::MD2Model( const string &f ):
rep( d_new Rep( f ) ),
anim_mode(0),anim_time(0),
render_a(0),render_b(0),render_t(0),trans_verts(0){
}
// unified atomic mass unit
inline quantity u() { return Rep( 1.6605402e-27L ) * kilogram(); }
void DiFeliceDrag::setForce() const
{
if (scaleDia_ > 1)
Info << "DiFeliceDrag using scale = " << scaleDia_ << endl;
else if (particleCloud_.cg() > 1){
scaleDia_=particleCloud_.cg();
Info << "DiFeliceDrag using scale from liggghts cg = " << scaleDia_ << endl;
}
// get viscosity field
#ifdef comp
const volScalarField nufField = particleCloud_.turbulence().mu() / rho_;
#else
const volScalarField& nufField = particleCloud_.turbulence().nu();
#endif
vector position(0,0,0);
scalar voidfraction(1);
vector Ufluid(0,0,0);
vector drag(0,0,0);
label cellI=0;
vector Us(0,0,0);
vector Ur(0,0,0);
scalar ds(0);
scalar nuf(0);
scalar rho(0);
scalar magUr(0);
scalar Rep(0);
scalar Cd(0);
vector UfluidFluct(0,0,0);
vector UsFluct(0,0,0);
vector dragExplicit(0,0,0);
scalar dragCoefficient(0);
interpolationCellPoint<scalar> voidfractionInterpolator_(voidfraction_);
interpolationCellPoint<vector> UInterpolator_(U_);
#include "setupProbeModel.H"
for(int index = 0;index < particleCloud_.numberOfParticles(); index++)
{
//if(mask[index][0])
//{
cellI = particleCloud_.cellIDs()[index][0];
drag = vector(0,0,0);
if (cellI > -1) // particle Found
{
if(interpolation_)
{
position = particleCloud_.position(index);
voidfraction = voidfractionInterpolator_.interpolate(position,cellI);
Ufluid = UInterpolator_.interpolate(position,cellI);
}else
{
voidfraction = voidfraction_[cellI];
Ufluid = U_[cellI];
}
Us = particleCloud_.velocity(index);
Ur = Ufluid-Us;
ds = 2*particleCloud_.radius(index);
nuf = nufField[cellI];
rho = rho_[cellI];
magUr = mag(Ur);
Rep = 0;
Cd = 0;
dragCoefficient = 0;
if (magUr > 0)
{
// calc particle Re Nr
Rep = ds/scaleDia_*voidfraction*magUr/(nuf+SMALL);
// calc fluid drag Coeff
Cd = sqr(0.63 + 4.8/sqrt(Rep));
// calc model coefficient Xi
scalar Xi = 3.7 - 0.65 * exp(-sqr(1.5-log10(Rep))/2);
// calc particle's drag
dragCoefficient = 0.125*Cd*rho
*M_PI
*ds*ds
*scaleDia_
*pow(voidfraction,(2-Xi))*magUr
*scaleDrag_;
if (modelType_=="B")
dragCoefficient /= voidfraction;
drag = dragCoefficient*Ur; //total drag force!
//Split forces
if(splitImplicitExplicit_)
{
UfluidFluct = Ufluid - U_[cellI];
UsFluct = Us - UsField_[cellI];
dragExplicit = dragCoefficient*(UfluidFluct - UsFluct); //explicit part of force
}
}
if(verbose_ && index >-1 && index <102)
{
Pout << "index = " << index << endl;
Pout << "Us = " << Us << endl;
Pout << "Ur = " << Ur << endl;
Pout << "ds/scale = " << ds/scaleDia_ << endl;
Pout << "rho = " << rho << endl;
Pout << "nuf = " << nuf << endl;
Pout << "voidfraction = " << voidfraction << endl;
Pout << "Rep = " << Rep << endl;
Pout << "Cd = " << Cd << endl;
Pout << "drag (total) = " << drag << endl;
if(splitImplicitExplicit_)
{
Pout << "UfluidFluct = " << UfluidFluct << endl;
Pout << "UsFluct = " << UsFluct << endl;
Pout << "dragExplicit = " << dragExplicit << endl;
}
}
//Set value fields and write the probe
if(probeIt_)
{
#include "setupProbeModelfields.H"
vValues.append(drag); //first entry must the be the force
vValues.append(Ur);
sValues.append(Rep);
sValues.append(Cd);
sValues.append(voidfraction);
particleCloud_.probeM().writeProbe(index, sValues, vValues);
}
}
// set force on particle
if(treatExplicit_) for(int j=0;j<3;j++) expForces()[index][j] += drag[j];
else //implicit treatment, taking explicit force contribution into account
{
for(int j=0;j<3;j++)
{
impForces()[index][j] += drag[j] - dragExplicit[j]; //only consider implicit part!
expForces()[index][j] += dragExplicit[j];
}
}
for(int j=0;j<3;j++) DEMForces()[index][j] += drag[j];
}
//}
}
