int RSAKey::Generate( int bits )
{
Bignum pm1, qm1, phi_n;
/*
* We don't generate e; we just use a standard one always.
*/
this->exponent = bignum_from_long(RSA_EXPONENT);
/*
* Generate p and q: primes with combined length `bits', not
* congruent to 1 modulo e. (Strictly speaking, we wanted (p-1)
* and e to be coprime, and (q-1) and e to be coprime, but in
* general that's slightly more fiddly to arrange. By choosing
* a prime e, we can simplify the criterion.)
*/
this->p = primegen(bits / 2, RSA_EXPONENT, 1, NULL, 1);
this->q = primegen(bits - bits / 2, RSA_EXPONENT, 1, NULL, 2);
/*
* Ensure p > q, by swapping them if not.
*/
if (bignum_cmp(this->p, this->q) < 0)
swap( p, q );
/*
* Now we have p, q and e. All we need to do now is work out
* the other helpful quantities: n=pq, d=e^-1 mod (p-1)(q-1),
* and (q^-1 mod p).
*/
this->modulus = bigmul(this->p, this->q);
pm1 = copybn(this->p);
decbn(pm1);
qm1 = copybn(this->q);
decbn(qm1);
phi_n = bigmul(pm1, qm1);
freebn(pm1);
freebn(qm1);
this->private_exponent = modinv(this->exponent, phi_n);
this->iqmp = modinv(this->q, this->p);
/*
* Clean up temporary numbers.
*/
freebn(phi_n);
return 1;
}
int main(int argc, char* argv[])
{
int x[] = {0,0,0,0};
bigmul(87654321, 12345678, x);
printf("%d %d %d %d\n", x[0],x[1],x[2],x[3]);
return 0;
}
void fac(bignum num, int factor)
{
int i;
bignum temp;
for(i = 2; i <= factor; i++)
{
bigset(temp, i, 10);
bigmul(num, num, temp);
}
}
// Returns in r the solution of x == r[k] (mod m[k]), k = 0, ..., n-1
void crt (rawtype *r, rawtype *m, size_t n)
{
size_t t, k;
rawtype *mm = new rawtype[n], *x = new rawtype[n], *s = new rawtype[n];
modint y;
rawtype o;
o = modint::modulus;
mm[0] = m[0];
for (t = 1; t < n; t++)
mm[t] = bigmul (mm, mm, m[t], t);
for (t = 0; t < n; t++)
s[t] = 0;
for (k = 0; k < n; k++)
{
setmodulus (m[k]);
y = 1;
for (t = 0; t < n; t++)
if (t != k) y *= m[t];
y = r[k] / y;
bigdiv (x, mm, m[k], n);
x[n - 1] = bigmul (x, x, y, n - 1);
if (bigadd (s, x, n) || bigcmp (s, mm, n) > 0)
bigsub (s, mm, n);
}
moveraw (r, s, n);
setmodulus (o);
delete[] mm;
delete[] x;
delete[] s;
}
int main() {
while (fgets(cbit0, MAXN, stdin) != NULL) {
fgets(cbit1, MAXN, stdin);
memset (bit0, 0, sizeof(int)*MAXN);
memset (bit1, 0, sizeof(int)*MAXN);
assign (bit0, cbit0);
assign (bit1, cbit1);
bigmul(bit0, bit1);
bigprint (sum);
}
return 0;
}
// Divides n words in s by f, stores result in d, returns remainder
rawtype basediv (rawtype *dest, rawtype *src1, rawtype src2, size_t len, rawtype carry)
{
size_t t;
rawtype tmp[2];
for (t = 0; t < len; t++)
{
tmp[1] = bigmul (tmp, &carry, Base, 1);
if (src1) bigadd (tmp, src1 + t, 1, 1);
carry = bigdiv (tmp, tmp, src2, 2);
dest[t] = tmp[0];
}
return carry;
}
/*
* Verify that the public data in an RSA key matches the private
* data. We also check the private data itself: we ensure that p >
* q and that iqmp really is the inverse of q mod p.
*/
int rsa_verify(struct RSAKey *key)
{
Bignum n, ed, pm1, qm1;
int cmp;
/* n must equal pq. */
n = bigmul(key->p, key->q);
cmp = bignum_cmp(n, key->modulus);
freebn(n);
if (cmp != 0)
return 0;
/* e * d must be congruent to 1, modulo (p-1) and modulo (q-1). */
pm1 = copybn(key->p);
decbn(pm1);
ed = modmul(key->exponent, key->private_exponent, pm1);
cmp = bignum_cmp(ed, One);
sfree(ed);
if (cmp != 0)
return 0;
qm1 = copybn(key->q);
decbn(qm1);
ed = modmul(key->exponent, key->private_exponent, qm1);
cmp = bignum_cmp(ed, One);
sfree(ed);
if (cmp != 0)
return 0;
/*
* Ensure p > q.
*/
if (bignum_cmp(key->p, key->q) <= 0)
return 0;
/*
* Ensure iqmp * q is congruent to 1, modulo p.
*/
n = modmul(key->iqmp, key->q, key->p);
cmp = bignum_cmp(n, One);
sfree(n);
if (cmp != 0)
return 0;
return 1;
}
/*
* Verify that the public data in an RSA key matches the private
* data. We also check the private data itself: we ensure that p >
* q and that iqmp really is the inverse of q mod p.
*/
bool RSAKey::Check() const
{
Bignum n, ed, pm1, qm1;
int cmp;
/* n must equal pq. */
n = bigmul(this->p, this->q);
cmp = bignum_cmp(n, this->modulus);
freebn(n);
if (cmp != 0)
return 0;
/* e * d must be congruent to 1, modulo (p-1) and modulo (q-1). */
pm1 = copybn(this->p);
decbn(pm1);
ed = modmul(this->exponent, this->private_exponent, pm1);
cmp = bignum_cmp(ed, One);
delete [] ed;
if (cmp != 0)
return 0;
qm1 = copybn(this->q);
decbn(qm1);
ed = modmul(this->exponent, this->private_exponent, qm1);
cmp = bignum_cmp(ed, One);
delete [] ed;
if (cmp != 0)
return 0;
/*
* Ensure p > q.
*/
if (bignum_cmp(this->p, this->q) <= 0)
return 0;
/*
* Ensure iqmp * q is congruent to 1, modulo p.
*/
n = modmul(this->iqmp, this->q, this->p);
cmp = bignum_cmp(n, One);
delete [] n;
if (cmp != 0)
return 0;
return 1;
}
// Multiplicates n words in s by f, adds s2, stores result to d, returns overflow word
rawtype basemuladd (rawtype *dest, rawtype *src1, rawtype *src2, rawtype src3, size_t len, rawtype carry)
{
size_t t;
rawtype tmp[2], tmpcarry[2];
tmpcarry[0] = carry;
tmpcarry[1] = 0;
for (t = len; t--;)
{
tmp[1] = bigmul (tmp, src1 + t, src3, 1);
bigadd (tmp, tmpcarry, 1, 1);
if (src2) bigadd (tmp, src2 + t, 1, 1);
dest[t] = bigdiv (tmpcarry, tmp, Base, 2);
}
return tmpcarry[0];
}
int main()
{
printf("PE 53\n");
memset(factorials, 0, sizeof(bignum)*101);
bigset(factorials[0], 1);
bigset(factorials[1], 1);
bigset(factorials[2], 2);
char numstring[200];
int count = 0;
int percentCount = 0;
int n;
int r;
bignum numerator;
bignum denominator;
bignum temp;
for(n = 1; n <= 100; n++)
{
for(r = 2; r <= n; r++)
{
bigfactorial(n, numerator);
bigfactorial(r, denominator);
bigfactorial(n-r, temp);
bigmul(denominator, denominator, temp);
bigdiv(temp, numerator, denominator);
if(biglength(temp) > 6)
count++;
}
UpdateProgress(++percentCount);
}
printf("\nAnswer: %d\n", count);
return 0;
}
int rsa_generate(struct RSAKey *key, struct RSAAux *aux, int bits,
progfn_t pfn, void *pfnparam) {
Bignum pm1, qm1, phi_n;
/*
* Set up the phase limits for the progress report. We do this
* by passing minus the phase number.
*
* For prime generation: our initial filter finds things
* coprime to everything below 2^16. Computing the product of
* (p-1)/p for all prime p below 2^16 gives about 20.33; so
* among B-bit integers, one in every 20.33 will get through
* the initial filter to be a candidate prime.
*
* Meanwhile, we are searching for primes in the region of 2^B;
* since pi(x) ~ x/log(x), when x is in the region of 2^B, the
* prime density will be d/dx pi(x) ~ 1/log(B), i.e. about
* 1/0.6931B. So the chance of any given candidate being prime
* is 20.33/0.6931B, which is roughly 29.34 divided by B.
*
* So now we have this probability P, we're looking at an
* exponential distribution with parameter P: we will manage in
* one attempt with probability P, in two with probability
* P(1-P), in three with probability P(1-P)^2, etc. The
* probability that we have still not managed to find a prime
* after N attempts is (1-P)^N.
*
* We therefore inform the progress indicator of the number B
* (29.34/B), so that it knows how much to increment by each
* time. We do this in 16-bit fixed point, so 29.34 becomes
* 0x1D.57C4.
*/
pfn(pfnparam, -1, -0x1D57C4/(bits/2));
pfn(pfnparam, -2, -0x1D57C4/(bits-bits/2));
pfn(pfnparam, -3, 5);
/*
* We don't generate e; we just use a standard one always.
*/
key->exponent = bignum_from_short(RSA_EXPONENT);
/*
* Generate p and q: primes with combined length `bits', not
* congruent to 1 modulo e. (Strictly speaking, we wanted (p-1)
* and e to be coprime, and (q-1) and e to be coprime, but in
* general that's slightly more fiddly to arrange. By choosing
* a prime e, we can simplify the criterion.)
*/
aux->p = primegen(bits/2, RSA_EXPONENT, 1, 1, pfn, pfnparam);
aux->q = primegen(bits - bits/2, RSA_EXPONENT, 1, 2, pfn, pfnparam);
/*
* Ensure p > q, by swapping them if not.
*/
if (bignum_cmp(aux->p, aux->q) < 0) {
Bignum t = aux->p;
aux->p = aux->q;
aux->q = t;
}
/*
* Now we have p, q and e. All we need to do now is work out
* the other helpful quantities: n=pq, d=e^-1 mod (p-1)(q-1),
* and (q^-1 mod p).
*/
pfn(pfnparam, 3, 1);
key->modulus = bigmul(aux->p, aux->q);
pfn(pfnparam, 3, 2);
pm1 = copybn(aux->p);
decbn(pm1);
qm1 = copybn(aux->q);
decbn(qm1);
phi_n = bigmul(pm1, qm1);
pfn(pfnparam, 3, 3);
freebn(pm1);
freebn(qm1);
key->private_exponent = modinv(key->exponent, phi_n);
pfn(pfnparam, 3, 4);
aux->iqmp = modinv(aux->q, aux->p);
pfn(pfnparam, 3, 5);
/*
* Clean up temporary numbers.
*/
freebn(phi_n);
return 1;
}
int main()
{
SieveOfEratosthenes(Primes, 1000);
srand(time(NULL));
char croaks[] = "PPPPNNPPPNPPNPN";
RunSimulations();
bignum numerator;
bigset(numerator, 119);
bignum denominator;
bigset(denominator, 300);
bignum temp1;
bigset(temp1, 190);
bignum temp2;
bigset(temp2, 405);
bignum temp3;
biginit(temp3);
bignum temp4;
biginit(temp4);
bignum temp5;
biginit(temp5);
int i;
for(i = 1; i < 15; i++)
{
bigmulint(temp3,bigadd(temp3, temp1, temp2), 7695);
bigsetbig(temp4, temp1);
bigsetbig(temp5, temp2);
bigadd(temp1, bigmulint(temp1, temp1, 81), bigmulint(temp5, temp5, 1805));
bigadd(temp2, bigmulint(temp2, temp2, 5890), bigmulint(temp4, temp4, 7614));
if(croaks[i] == 'P')
bigmulint(temp1, temp1, 2);
else
bigmulint(temp2, temp2, 2);
bigmul(numerator, numerator, bigadd(temp4, temp1, temp2));
bigmul(denominator, denominator, bigmulint(temp3,temp3,3));
char string1[1000];
char string2[1000];
biggetstr(string1, numerator);
biggetstr(string2, denominator);
printf("%s/%s\n", string1, string2);
}
char string1[1000];
char string2[1000];
biggetstr(string1, numerator);
biggetstr(string2, denominator);
printf("%s/%s\n", string1, string2);
return 0;
}