/// PromoteAliasSet - Try to promote memory values to scalars by sinking
/// stores out of the loop and moving loads to before the loop. We do this by
/// looping over the stores in the loop, looking for stores to Must pointers
/// which are loop invariant.
///
void LICM::PromoteAliasSet(AliasSet &AS) {
// We can promote this alias set if it has a store, if it is a "Must" alias
// set, if the pointer is loop invariant, and if we are not eliminating any
// volatile loads or stores.
if (AS.isForwardingAliasSet() || !AS.isMod() || !AS.isMustAlias() ||
AS.isVolatile() || !CurLoop->isLoopInvariant(AS.begin()->getValue()))
return;
assert(!AS.empty() &&
"Must alias set should have at least one pointer element in it!");
Value *SomePtr = AS.begin()->getValue();
// It isn't safe to promote a load/store from the loop if the load/store is
// conditional. For example, turning:
//
// for () { if (c) *P += 1; }
//
// into:
//
// tmp = *P; for () { if (c) tmp +=1; } *P = tmp;
//
// is not safe, because *P may only be valid to access if 'c' is true.
//
// It is safe to promote P if all uses are direct load/stores and if at
// least one is guaranteed to be executed.
bool GuaranteedToExecute = false;
SmallVector<Instruction*, 64> LoopUses;
SmallPtrSet<Value*, 4> PointerMustAliases;
// We start with an alignment of one and try to find instructions that allow
// us to prove better alignment.
unsigned Alignment = 1;
// Check that all of the pointers in the alias set have the same type. We
// cannot (yet) promote a memory location that is loaded and stored in
// different sizes.
for (AliasSet::iterator ASI = AS.begin(), E = AS.end(); ASI != E; ++ASI) {
Value *ASIV = ASI->getValue();
PointerMustAliases.insert(ASIV);
// Check that all of the pointers in the alias set have the same type. We
// cannot (yet) promote a memory location that is loaded and stored in
// different sizes.
if (SomePtr->getType() != ASIV->getType())
return;
for (Value::use_iterator UI = ASIV->use_begin(), UE = ASIV->use_end();
UI != UE; ++UI) {
// Ignore instructions that are outside the loop.
Instruction *Use = dyn_cast<Instruction>(*UI);
if (!Use || !CurLoop->contains(Use))
continue;
// If there is an non-load/store instruction in the loop, we can't promote
// it.
if (LoadInst *load = dyn_cast<LoadInst>(Use)) {
assert(!load->isVolatile() && "AST broken");
if (!load->isSimple())
return;
} else if (StoreInst *store = dyn_cast<StoreInst>(Use)) {
// Stores *of* the pointer are not interesting, only stores *to* the
// pointer.
if (Use->getOperand(1) != ASIV)
continue;
assert(!store->isVolatile() && "AST broken");
if (!store->isSimple())
return;
// Note that we only check GuaranteedToExecute inside the store case
// so that we do not introduce stores where they did not exist before
// (which would break the LLVM concurrency model).
// If the alignment of this instruction allows us to specify a more
// restrictive (and performant) alignment and if we are sure this
// instruction will be executed, update the alignment.
// Larger is better, with the exception of 0 being the best alignment.
unsigned InstAlignment = store->getAlignment();
if ((InstAlignment > Alignment || InstAlignment == 0)
&& (Alignment != 0))
if (isGuaranteedToExecute(*Use)) {
GuaranteedToExecute = true;
Alignment = InstAlignment;
}
if (!GuaranteedToExecute)
GuaranteedToExecute = isGuaranteedToExecute(*Use);
} else
return; // Not a load or store.
LoopUses.push_back(Use);
}
}
// If there isn't a guaranteed-to-execute instruction, we can't promote.
if (!GuaranteedToExecute)
return;
// Otherwise, this is safe to promote, lets do it!
DEBUG(dbgs() << "LICM: Promoting value stored to in loop: " <<*SomePtr<<'\n');
Changed = true;
++NumPromoted;
// Grab a debug location for the inserted loads/stores; given that the
// inserted loads/stores have little relation to the original loads/stores,
// this code just arbitrarily picks a location from one, since any debug
// location is better than none.
DebugLoc DL = LoopUses[0]->getDebugLoc();
SmallVector<BasicBlock*, 8> ExitBlocks;
CurLoop->getUniqueExitBlocks(ExitBlocks);
// We use the SSAUpdater interface to insert phi nodes as required.
SmallVector<PHINode*, 16> NewPHIs;
SSAUpdater SSA(&NewPHIs);
LoopPromoter Promoter(SomePtr, LoopUses, SSA, PointerMustAliases, ExitBlocks,
*CurAST, DL, Alignment);
// Set up the preheader to have a definition of the value. It is the live-out
// value from the preheader that uses in the loop will use.
LoadInst *PreheaderLoad =
new LoadInst(SomePtr, SomePtr->getName()+".promoted",
Preheader->getTerminator());
PreheaderLoad->setAlignment(Alignment);
PreheaderLoad->setDebugLoc(DL);
SSA.AddAvailableValue(Preheader, PreheaderLoad);
// Rewrite all the loads in the loop and remember all the definitions from
// stores in the loop.
Promoter.run(LoopUses);
// If the SSAUpdater didn't use the load in the preheader, just zap it now.
if (PreheaderLoad->use_empty())
PreheaderLoad->eraseFromParent();
}
/// PromoteAliasSet - Try to promote memory values to scalars by sinking
/// stores out of the loop and moving loads to before the loop. We do this by
/// looping over the stores in the loop, looking for stores to Must pointers
/// which are loop invariant.
///
void LICM::PromoteAliasSet(AliasSet &AS) {
// We can promote this alias set if it has a store, if it is a "Must" alias
// set, if the pointer is loop invariant, and if we are not eliminating any
// volatile loads or stores.
if (AS.isForwardingAliasSet() || !AS.isMod() || !AS.isMustAlias() ||
AS.isVolatile() || !CurLoop->isLoopInvariant(AS.begin()->getValue()))
return;
assert(!AS.empty() &&
"Must alias set should have at least one pointer element in it!");
Value *SomePtr = AS.begin()->getValue();
// It isn't safe to promote a load/store from the loop if the load/store is
// conditional. For example, turning:
//
// for () { if (c) *P += 1; }
//
// into:
//
// tmp = *P; for () { if (c) tmp +=1; } *P = tmp;
//
// is not safe, because *P may only be valid to access if 'c' is true.
//
// It is safe to promote P if all uses are direct load/stores and if at
// least one is guaranteed to be executed.
bool GuaranteedToExecute = false;
SmallVector<Instruction*, 64> LoopUses;
SmallPtrSet<Value*, 4> PointerMustAliases;
// Check that all of the pointers in the alias set have the same type. We
// cannot (yet) promote a memory location that is loaded and stored in
// different sizes.
for (AliasSet::iterator ASI = AS.begin(), E = AS.end(); ASI != E; ++ASI) {
Value *ASIV = ASI->getValue();
PointerMustAliases.insert(ASIV);
// Check that all of the pointers in the alias set have the same type. We
// cannot (yet) promote a memory location that is loaded and stored in
// different sizes.
if (SomePtr->getType() != ASIV->getType())
return;
for (Value::use_iterator UI = ASIV->use_begin(), UE = ASIV->use_end();
UI != UE; ++UI) {
// Ignore instructions that are outside the loop.
Instruction *Use = dyn_cast<Instruction>(*UI);
if (!Use || !CurLoop->contains(Use))
continue;
// If there is an non-load/store instruction in the loop, we can't promote
// it.
if (isa<LoadInst>(Use))
assert(!cast<LoadInst>(Use)->isVolatile() && "AST broken");
else if (isa<StoreInst>(Use)) {
assert(!cast<StoreInst>(Use)->isVolatile() && "AST broken");
if (Use->getOperand(0) == ASIV) return;
} else
return; // Not a load or store.
if (!GuaranteedToExecute)
GuaranteedToExecute = isSafeToExecuteUnconditionally(*Use);
LoopUses.push_back(Use);
}
}
// If there isn't a guaranteed-to-execute instruction, we can't promote.
if (!GuaranteedToExecute)
return;
// Otherwise, this is safe to promote, lets do it!
DEBUG(dbgs() << "LICM: Promoting value stored to in loop: " <<*SomePtr<<'\n');
Changed = true;
++NumPromoted;
// We use the SSAUpdater interface to insert phi nodes as required.
SmallVector<PHINode*, 16> NewPHIs;
SSAUpdater SSA(&NewPHIs);
// It wants to know some value of the same type as what we'll be inserting.
Value *SomeValue;
if (isa<LoadInst>(LoopUses[0]))
SomeValue = LoopUses[0];
else
SomeValue = cast<StoreInst>(LoopUses[0])->getOperand(0);
SSA.Initialize(SomeValue->getType(), SomeValue->getName());
// First step: bucket up uses of the pointers by the block they occur in.
// This is important because we have to handle multiple defs/uses in a block
// ourselves: SSAUpdater is purely for cross-block references.
// FIXME: Want a TinyVector<Instruction*> since there is usually 0/1 element.
DenseMap<BasicBlock*, std::vector<Instruction*> > UsesByBlock;
for (unsigned i = 0, e = LoopUses.size(); i != e; ++i) {
Instruction *User = LoopUses[i];
UsesByBlock[User->getParent()].push_back(User);
}
// Okay, now we can iterate over all the blocks in the loop with uses,
// processing them. Keep track of which loads are loading a live-in value.
SmallVector<LoadInst*, 32> LiveInLoads;
DenseMap<Value*, Value*> ReplacedLoads;
for (unsigned LoopUse = 0, e = LoopUses.size(); LoopUse != e; ++LoopUse) {
Instruction *User = LoopUses[LoopUse];
std::vector<Instruction*> &BlockUses = UsesByBlock[User->getParent()];
// If this block has already been processed, ignore this repeat use.
if (BlockUses.empty()) continue;
// Okay, this is the first use in the block. If this block just has a
// single user in it, we can rewrite it trivially.
if (BlockUses.size() == 1) {
// If it is a store, it is a trivial def of the value in the block.
if (isa<StoreInst>(User)) {
SSA.AddAvailableValue(User->getParent(),
cast<StoreInst>(User)->getOperand(0));
} else {
// Otherwise it is a load, queue it to rewrite as a live-in load.
LiveInLoads.push_back(cast<LoadInst>(User));
}
BlockUses.clear();
continue;
}
// Otherwise, check to see if this block is all loads. If so, we can queue
// them all as live in loads.
bool HasStore = false;
for (unsigned i = 0, e = BlockUses.size(); i != e; ++i) {
if (isa<StoreInst>(BlockUses[i])) {
HasStore = true;
break;
}
}
if (!HasStore) {
for (unsigned i = 0, e = BlockUses.size(); i != e; ++i)
LiveInLoads.push_back(cast<LoadInst>(BlockUses[i]));
BlockUses.clear();
continue;
}
// Otherwise, we have mixed loads and stores (or just a bunch of stores).
// Since SSAUpdater is purely for cross-block values, we need to determine
// the order of these instructions in the block. If the first use in the
// block is a load, then it uses the live in value. The last store defines
// the live out value. We handle this by doing a linear scan of the block.
BasicBlock *BB = User->getParent();
Value *StoredValue = 0;
for (BasicBlock::iterator II = BB->begin(), E = BB->end(); II != E; ++II) {
if (LoadInst *L = dyn_cast<LoadInst>(II)) {
// If this is a load from an unrelated pointer, ignore it.
if (!PointerMustAliases.count(L->getOperand(0))) continue;
// If we haven't seen a store yet, this is a live in use, otherwise
// use the stored value.
if (StoredValue) {
L->replaceAllUsesWith(StoredValue);
ReplacedLoads[L] = StoredValue;
} else {
LiveInLoads.push_back(L);
}
continue;
}
if (StoreInst *S = dyn_cast<StoreInst>(II)) {
// If this is a store to an unrelated pointer, ignore it.
if (!PointerMustAliases.count(S->getOperand(1))) continue;
// Remember that this is the active value in the block.
StoredValue = S->getOperand(0);
}
}
// The last stored value that happened is the live-out for the block.
assert(StoredValue && "Already checked that there is a store in block");
SSA.AddAvailableValue(BB, StoredValue);
BlockUses.clear();
}
// Now that all the intra-loop values are classified, set up the preheader.
// It gets a load of the pointer we're promoting, and it is the live-out value
// from the preheader.
LoadInst *PreheaderLoad = new LoadInst(SomePtr,SomePtr->getName()+".promoted",
Preheader->getTerminator());
SSA.AddAvailableValue(Preheader, PreheaderLoad);
// Now that the preheader is good to go, set up the exit blocks. Each exit
// block gets a store of the live-out values that feed them. Since we've
// already told the SSA updater about the defs in the loop and the preheader
// definition, it is all set and we can start using it.
SmallVector<BasicBlock*, 8> ExitBlocks;
CurLoop->getUniqueExitBlocks(ExitBlocks);
for (unsigned i = 0, e = ExitBlocks.size(); i != e; ++i) {
BasicBlock *ExitBlock = ExitBlocks[i];
Value *LiveInValue = SSA.GetValueInMiddleOfBlock(ExitBlock);
Instruction *InsertPos = ExitBlock->getFirstNonPHI();
new StoreInst(LiveInValue, SomePtr, InsertPos);
}
// Okay, now we rewrite all loads that use live-in values in the loop,
// inserting PHI nodes as necessary.
for (unsigned i = 0, e = LiveInLoads.size(); i != e; ++i) {
LoadInst *ALoad = LiveInLoads[i];
Value *NewVal = SSA.GetValueInMiddleOfBlock(ALoad->getParent());
ALoad->replaceAllUsesWith(NewVal);
CurAST->copyValue(ALoad, NewVal);
ReplacedLoads[ALoad] = NewVal;
}
// If the preheader load is itself a pointer, we need to tell alias analysis
// about the new pointer we created in the preheader block and about any PHI
// nodes that just got inserted.
if (PreheaderLoad->getType()->isPointerTy()) {
// Copy any value stored to or loaded from a must-alias of the pointer.
CurAST->copyValue(SomeValue, PreheaderLoad);
for (unsigned i = 0, e = NewPHIs.size(); i != e; ++i)
CurAST->copyValue(SomeValue, NewPHIs[i]);
}
// Now that everything is rewritten, delete the old instructions from the body
// of the loop. They should all be dead now.
for (unsigned i = 0, e = LoopUses.size(); i != e; ++i) {
Instruction *User = LoopUses[i];
// If this is a load that still has uses, then the load must have been added
// as a live value in the SSAUpdate data structure for a block (e.g. because
// the loaded value was stored later). In this case, we need to recursively
// propagate the updates until we get to the real value.
if (!User->use_empty()) {
Value *NewVal = ReplacedLoads[User];
assert(NewVal && "not a replaced load?");
// Propagate down to the ultimate replacee. The intermediately loads
// could theoretically already have been deleted, so we don't want to
// dereference the Value*'s.
DenseMap<Value*, Value*>::iterator RLI = ReplacedLoads.find(NewVal);
while (RLI != ReplacedLoads.end()) {
NewVal = RLI->second;
RLI = ReplacedLoads.find(NewVal);
}
User->replaceAllUsesWith(NewVal);
CurAST->copyValue(User, NewVal);
}
CurAST->deleteValue(User);
User->eraseFromParent();
}
// fwew, we're done!
}