/// @brief Computes injected and produced volumes of all phases.
/// Note 1: assumes that only the first phase is injected.
/// Note 2: assumes that transport has been done with an
/// implicit method, i.e. that the current state
/// gives the mobilities used for the preceding timestep.
/// @param[in] props fluid and rock properties.
/// @param[in] s saturation values (for all P phases)
/// @param[in] src if < 0: total outflow, if > 0: first phase inflow.
/// @param[in] dt timestep used
/// @param[out] injected must point to a valid array with P elements,
/// where P = s.size()/src.size().
/// @param[out] produced must also point to a valid array with P elements.
void computeInjectedProduced(const IncompPropertiesInterface& props,
const std::vector<double>& s,
const std::vector<double>& src,
const double dt,
double* injected,
double* produced)
{
const int num_cells = src.size();
const int np = s.size()/src.size();
if (int(s.size()) != num_cells*np) {
OPM_THROW(std::runtime_error, "Sizes of s and src vectors do not match.");
}
std::fill(injected, injected + np, 0.0);
std::fill(produced, produced + np, 0.0);
const double* visc = props.viscosity();
std::vector<double> mob(np);
for (int c = 0; c < num_cells; ++c) {
if (src[c] > 0.0) {
injected[0] += src[c]*dt;
} else if (src[c] < 0.0) {
const double flux = -src[c]*dt;
const double* sat = &s[np*c];
props.relperm(1, sat, &c, &mob[0], 0);
double totmob = 0.0;
for (int p = 0; p < np; ++p) {
mob[p] /= visc[p];
totmob += mob[p];
}
for (int p = 0; p < np; ++p) {
produced[p] += (mob[p]/totmob)*flux;
}
}
}
}
void WellReport::push(const IncompPropertiesInterface& props,
const Wells& wells,
const std::vector<double>& saturation,
const double time,
const std::vector<double>& well_bhp,
const std::vector<double>& well_perfrates)
{
int nw = well_bhp.size();
assert(nw == wells.number_of_wells);
int np = props.numPhases();
const int max_np = 3;
if (np > max_np) {
OPM_THROW(std::runtime_error, "WellReport for now assumes #phases <= " << max_np);
}
const double* visc = props.viscosity();
std::vector<double> data_now;
data_now.reserve(1 + 3*nw);
data_now.push_back(time/unit::day);
for (int w = 0; w < nw; ++w) {
data_now.push_back(well_bhp[w]/(unit::barsa));
double well_rate_total = 0.0;
double well_rate_water = 0.0;
for (int perf = wells.well_connpos[w]; perf < wells.well_connpos[w + 1]; ++perf) {
const double perf_rate = unit::convert::to(well_perfrates[perf],
unit::cubic(unit::meter)/unit::day);
well_rate_total += perf_rate;
if (perf_rate > 0.0) {
// Injection.
well_rate_water += perf_rate*wells.comp_frac[0];
} else {
// Production.
const int cell = wells.well_cells[perf];
double mob[max_np];
props.relperm(1, &saturation[2*cell], &cell, mob, 0);
double tmob = 0;
for(int i = 0; i < np; ++i) {
mob[i] /= visc[i];
tmob += mob[i];
}
const double fracflow = mob[0]/tmob;
well_rate_water += perf_rate*fracflow;
}
}
data_now.push_back(well_rate_total);
if (well_rate_total == 0.0) {
data_now.push_back(0.0);
} else {
data_now.push_back(well_rate_water/well_rate_total);
}
}
data_.push_back(data_now);
}
/// @brief Computes injected and produced volumes of all phases,
/// and injected and produced polymer mass.
/// Note 1: assumes that only the first phase is injected.
/// Note 2: assumes that transport has been done with an
/// implicit method, i.e. that the current state
/// gives the mobilities used for the preceding timestep.
/// @param[in] props fluid and rock properties.
/// @param[in] polyprops polymer properties
/// @param[in] state state variables (pressure, fluxes etc.)
/// @param[in] src if < 0: total reservoir volume outflow,
/// if > 0: first phase reservoir volume inflow.
/// @param[in] inj_c injected concentration by cell
/// @param[in] dt timestep used
/// @param[out] injected must point to a valid array with P elements,
/// where P = s.size()/src.size().
/// @param[out] produced must also point to a valid array with P elements.
/// @param[out] polyinj injected mass of polymer
/// @param[out] polyprod produced mass of polymer
void computeInjectedProduced(const IncompPropertiesInterface& props,
const Opm::PolymerProperties& polyprops,
const PolymerState& state,
const std::vector<double>& transport_src,
const std::vector<double>& inj_c,
const double dt,
double* injected,
double* produced,
double& polyinj,
double& polyprod)
{
const int num_cells = transport_src.size();
if (props.numCells() != num_cells) {
OPM_THROW(std::runtime_error, "Size of transport_src vector does not match number of cells in props.");
}
const int np = props.numPhases();
if (int(state.saturation().size()) != num_cells*np) {
OPM_THROW(std::runtime_error, "Sizes of state vectors do not match number of cells.");
}
const std::vector<double>& s = state.saturation();
const std::vector<double>& c = state.getCellData( state.CONCENTRATION );
const std::vector<double>& cmax = state.getCellData( state.CMAX );
std::fill(injected, injected + np, 0.0);
std::fill(produced, produced + np, 0.0);
polyinj = 0.0;
polyprod = 0.0;
const double* visc = props.viscosity();
std::vector<double> kr_cell(np);
double mob[2];
double mc;
for (int cell = 0; cell < num_cells; ++cell) {
if (transport_src[cell] > 0.0) {
injected[0] += transport_src[cell]*dt;
polyinj += transport_src[cell]*dt*inj_c[cell];
} else if (transport_src[cell] < 0.0) {
const double flux = -transport_src[cell]*dt;
const double* sat = &s[np*cell];
props.relperm(1, sat, &cell, &kr_cell[0], 0);
polyprops.effectiveMobilities(c[cell], cmax[cell], visc,
&kr_cell[0], mob);
double totmob = mob[0] + mob[1];
for (int p = 0; p < np; ++p) {
produced[p] += (mob[p]/totmob)*flux;
}
polyprops.computeMc(c[cell], mc);
polyprod += (mob[0]/totmob)*flux*mc;
}
}
}
/// @brief Computes total absorbed polymer mass over all grid cells.
/// @param[in] props fluid and rock properties.
/// @param[in] polyprops polymer properties
/// @param[in] pv the pore volume by cell.
/// @param[in] cmax max polymer concentration for cell
/// @return total absorbed polymer mass.
double computePolymerAdsorbed(const IncompPropertiesInterface& props,
const Opm::PolymerProperties& polyprops,
const std::vector<double>& pv,
const std::vector<double>& cmax)
{
const int num_cells = pv.size();
const double rhor = polyprops.rockDensity();
const double* poro = props.porosity();
double abs_mass = 0.0;
for (int cell = 0; cell < num_cells; ++cell) {
double c_ads;
polyprops.simpleAdsorption(cmax[cell], c_ads);
abs_mass += c_ads*pv[cell]*((1.0 - poro[cell])/poro[cell])*rhor;
}
return abs_mass;
}
void initStateBasic(const UnstructuredGrid& grid,
const IncompPropertiesInterface& props,
const parameter::ParameterGroup& param,
const double gravity,
State& state)
{
const int num_phases = props.numPhases();
if (num_phases != 2) {
THROW("initStateTwophaseBasic(): currently handling only two-phase scenarios.");
}
state.init(grid, num_phases);
const int num_cells = props.numCells();
// By default: initialise water saturation to minimum everywhere.
std::vector<int> all_cells(num_cells);
for (int i = 0; i < num_cells; ++i) {
all_cells[i] = i;
}
state.setFirstSat(all_cells, props, State::MinSat);
const bool convection_testcase = param.getDefault("convection_testcase", false);
const bool segregation_testcase = param.getDefault("segregation_testcase", false);
if (convection_testcase) {
// Initialise water saturation to max in the 'left' part.
std::vector<int> left_cells;
left_cells.reserve(num_cells/2);
const int *glob_cell = grid.global_cell;
const int* cd = grid.cartdims;
for (int cell = 0; cell < num_cells; ++cell) {
const int gc = glob_cell == 0 ? cell : glob_cell[cell];
bool left = (gc % cd[0]) < cd[0]/2;
if (left) {
left_cells.push_back(cell);
}
}
state.setFirstSat(left_cells, props, State::MaxSat);
const double init_p = param.getDefault("ref_pressure", 100.0)*unit::barsa;
std::fill(state.pressure().begin(), state.pressure().end(), init_p);
} else if (segregation_testcase) {
// Warn against error-prone usage.
if (gravity == 0.0) {
std::cout << "**** Warning: running gravity segregation scenario, but gravity is zero." << std::endl;
}
if (grid.cartdims[2] <= 1) {
std::cout << "**** Warning: running gravity segregation scenario, which expects nz > 1." << std::endl;
}
// Initialise water saturation to max *above* water-oil contact.
const double woc = param.get<double>("water_oil_contact");
initWaterOilContact(grid, props, woc, WaterAbove, state);
// Initialise pressure to hydrostatic state.
const double ref_p = param.getDefault("ref_pressure", 100.0)*unit::barsa;
double dens[2] = { props.density()[1], props.density()[0] };
initHydrostaticPressure(grid, dens, woc, gravity, woc, ref_p, state);
} else if (param.has("water_oil_contact")) {
// Warn against error-prone usage.
if (gravity == 0.0) {
std::cout << "**** Warning: running gravity convection scenario, but gravity is zero." << std::endl;
}
if (grid.cartdims[2] <= 1) {
std::cout << "**** Warning: running gravity convection scenario, which expects nz > 1." << std::endl;
}
// Initialise water saturation to max below water-oil contact.
const double woc = param.get<double>("water_oil_contact");
initWaterOilContact(grid, props, woc, WaterBelow, state);
// Initialise pressure to hydrostatic state.
const double ref_p = param.getDefault("ref_pressure", 100.0)*unit::barsa;
initHydrostaticPressure(grid, props.density(), woc, gravity, woc, ref_p, state);
} else if (param.has("init_saturation")) {
// Initialise water saturation to init_saturation parameter.
const double init_saturation = param.get<double>("init_saturation");
for (int cell = 0; cell < num_cells; ++cell) {
state.saturation()[2*cell] = init_saturation;
state.saturation()[2*cell + 1] = 1.0 - init_saturation;
}
// Initialise pressure to hydrostatic state.
const double ref_p = param.getDefault("ref_pressure", 100.0)*unit::barsa;
const double rho = props.density()[0]*init_saturation + props.density()[1]*(1.0 - init_saturation);
const double dens[2] = { rho, rho };
const double ref_z = grid.cell_centroids[0 + grid.dimensions - 1];
initHydrostaticPressure(grid, dens, ref_z, gravity, ref_z, ref_p, state);
} else {
// Use default: water saturation is minimum everywhere.
// Initialise pressure to hydrostatic state.
const double ref_p = param.getDefault("ref_pressure", 100.0)*unit::barsa;
const double rho = props.density()[1];
const double dens[2] = { rho, rho };
const double ref_z = grid.cell_centroids[0 + grid.dimensions - 1];
initHydrostaticPressure(grid, dens, ref_z, gravity, ref_z, ref_p, state);
}
// Finally, init face pressures.
initFacePressure(grid, state);
}
SimulatorIncompTwophase::Impl::Impl(const parameter::ParameterGroup& param,
const UnstructuredGrid& grid,
const IncompPropertiesInterface& props,
const RockCompressibility* rock_comp_props,
WellsManager& wells_manager,
const std::vector<double>& src,
const FlowBoundaryConditions* bcs,
LinearSolverInterface& linsolver,
const double* gravity)
: use_reorder_(param.getDefault("use_reorder", true)),
use_segregation_split_(param.getDefault("use_segregation_split", false)),
grid_(grid),
props_(props),
rock_comp_props_(rock_comp_props),
wells_manager_(wells_manager),
wells_(wells_manager.c_wells()),
src_(src),
bcs_(bcs),
psolver_(grid, props, rock_comp_props, linsolver,
param.getDefault("nl_pressure_residual_tolerance", 0.0),
param.getDefault("nl_pressure_change_tolerance", 1.0),
param.getDefault("nl_pressure_maxiter", 10),
gravity, wells_manager.c_wells(), src, bcs)
{
// Initialize transport solver.
if (use_reorder_) {
tsolver_.reset(new Opm::TransportSolverTwophaseReorder(grid,
props,
use_segregation_split_ ? gravity : NULL,
param.getDefault("nl_tolerance", 1e-9),
param.getDefault("nl_maxiter", 30)));
} else {
if (rock_comp_props && rock_comp_props->isActive()) {
OPM_THROW(std::runtime_error, "The implicit pressure solver cannot handle rock compressibility.");
}
if (use_segregation_split_) {
OPM_THROW(std::runtime_error, "The implicit pressure solver is not set up to use segregation splitting.");
}
std::vector<double> porevol;
computePorevolume(grid, props.porosity(), porevol);
tsolver_.reset(new Opm::TransportSolverTwophaseImplicit(grid,
props,
porevol,
gravity,
psolver_.getHalfTrans(),
param));
}
// For output.
log_ = param.getDefault("quiet", false) ? &Opm::null_stream : &std::cout;
output_ = param.getDefault("output", true);
if (output_) {
output_vtk_ = param.getDefault("output_vtk", true);
output_dir_ = param.getDefault("output_dir", std::string("output"));
// Ensure that output dir exists
boost::filesystem::path fpath(output_dir_);
try {
create_directories(fpath);
}
catch (...) {
OPM_THROW(std::runtime_error, "Creating directories failed: " << fpath);
}
output_interval_ = param.getDefault("output_interval", 1);
}
// Well control related init.
check_well_controls_ = param.getDefault("check_well_controls", false);
max_well_control_iterations_ = param.getDefault("max_well_control_iterations", 10);
// Transport related init.
num_transport_substeps_ = param.getDefault("num_transport_substeps", 1);
// Misc init.
const int num_cells = grid.number_of_cells;
allcells_.resize(num_cells);
for (int cell = 0; cell < num_cells; ++cell) {
allcells_[cell] = cell;
}
}
