int main()
{
int t,i,j,k,n,s,m;
scanf("%d",&t);
pii p;
while(t--){
v.clear();
scanf("%d",&n);
for(i=0;i<n;i++){
scanf("%d %d",&j,&k);
v.push_back(ii(j,0));
v.push_back(ii(k,1));
}
sort(v.begin(),v.begin()+2*n);
s=0,m=-SENTINEL;
for(i=0;i<2*n;i++){
p=v[i];
if(p.second==0)s+=1;
else s-=1;
m=max(m,s);
}
printf("%d\n",m);
}
return 0;
}
int main ()
{
srand (time (0));
//freopen (NAME".in", "r", stdin);
//freopen (NAME".out", "w", stdout);
scanf ("%d %d", &n, &k);
for (int i = 0; i < n; i++)
{
int x;
scanf ("%d", &x);
a.pb (mp (x, i + 1));
}
sort (a.begin (), a.end (), cmp);
int curr = a [n - 1].frs - a [0].frs;
while (curr > 1 && k > 0)
{
a [n - 1].frs--;
a [0].frs++;
ans.pb (mp (a [n - 1].snd, a [0].snd));
k--;
sort (a.begin (), a.end (), cmp);
curr = a [n - 1].frs - a [0].frs;
}
printf ("%d %d\n", curr, (int) ans.size ());
for (int i = 0; i < (int) ans.size (); i++)
printf ("%d %d\n", ans [i].frs, ans [i].snd);
return 0;
}
bool findMatch(int v, int* prev, bool* visit, int hSize, const vpii& pairs) {
if (v < 0) {
return true;
}
for (int i = 0; i < hSize; i++) {
if (visit[i] ||
!binary_search(pairs.begin(), pairs.end(), make_pair(i, v))) {
continue;
}
visit[i] = true;
if (findMatch(prev[i], prev, visit, hSize, pairs)) {
prev[i] = v;
return true;
}
}
return false;
}