void OneDReader::recordPattern(Ref<BitArray> row,
int start,
vector<int>& counters) {
int numCounters = counters.size();
for (int i = 0; i < numCounters; i++) {
counters[i] = 0;
}
int end = row->getSize();
if (start >= end) {
throw NotFoundException();
}
bool isWhite = !row->get(start);
int counterPosition = 0;
int i = start;
while (i < end) {
if (row->get(i) ^ isWhite) { // that is, exactly one is true
counters[counterPosition]++;
} else {
counterPosition++;
if (counterPosition == numCounters) {
break;
} else {
counters[counterPosition] = 1;
isWhite = !isWhite;
}
}
i++;
}
// If we read fully the last section of pixels and filled up our counters -- or filled
// the last counter but ran off the side of the image, OK. Otherwise, a problem.
if (!(counterPosition == numCounters || (counterPosition == numCounters - 1 && i == end))) {
throw NotFoundException();
}
}
void CodaBarReader::validatePattern(int start) {
// First, sum up the total size of our four categories of stripe sizes;
vector<int> sizes (4, 0);
vector<int> counts (4, 0);
int end = decodeRowResult.length() - 1;
// We break out of this loop in the middle, in order to handle
// inter-character spaces properly.
int pos = start;
for (int i = 0; true; i++) {
int pattern = CHARACTER_ENCODINGS[(int)decodeRowResult[i]];
for (int j = 6; j >= 0; j--) {
// Even j = bars, while odd j = spaces. Categories 2 and 3 are for
// long stripes, while 0 and 1 are for short stripes.
int category = (j & 1) + (pattern & 1) * 2;
sizes[category] += counters[pos + j];
counts[category]++;
pattern >>= 1;
}
if (i >= end) {
break;
}
// We ignore the inter-character space - it could be of any size.
pos += 8;
}
// Calculate our allowable size thresholds using fixed-point math.
vector<int> maxes (4, 0);
vector<int> mins (4, 0);
// Define the threshold of acceptability to be the midpoint between the
// average small stripe and the average large stripe. No stripe lengths
// should be on the "wrong" side of that line.
for (int i = 0; i < 2; i++) {
mins[i] = 0; // Accept arbitrarily small "short" stripes.
mins[i + 2] = ((sizes[i] << INTEGER_MATH_SHIFT) / counts[i] +
(sizes[i + 2] << INTEGER_MATH_SHIFT) / counts[i + 2]) >> 1;
maxes[i] = mins[i + 2];
maxes[i + 2] = (sizes[i + 2] * MAX_ACCEPTABLE + PADDING) / counts[i + 2];
}
// Now verify that all of the stripes are within the thresholds.
pos = start;
for (int i = 0; true; i++) {
int pattern = CHARACTER_ENCODINGS[(int)decodeRowResult[i]];
for (int j = 6; j >= 0; j--) {
// Even j = bars, while odd j = spaces. Categories 2 and 3 are for
// long stripes, while 0 and 1 are for short stripes.
int category = (j & 1) + (pattern & 1) * 2;
int size = counters[pos + j] << INTEGER_MATH_SHIFT;
if (size < mins[category] || size > maxes[category]) {
throw NotFoundException();
}
pattern >>= 1;
}
if (i >= end) {
break;
}
pos += 8;
}
}
Ref<Result> UPCEANReader::decodeRow(int rowNumber,
Ref<BitArray> row,
Range const& startGuardRange) {
string& result = decodeRowStringBuffer;
result.clear();
int endStart = decodeMiddle(row, startGuardRange, result);
Range endRange = decodeEnd(row, endStart);
// Make sure there is a quiet zone at least as big as the end pattern after the barcode.
// The spec might want more whitespace, but in practice this is the maximum we can count on.
int end = endRange[1];
int quietEnd = end + (end - endRange[0]);
if (quietEnd >= row->getSize() || !row->isRange(end, quietEnd, false)) {
throw NotFoundException();
}
Ref<String> resultString (new String(result));
if (!checkChecksum(resultString)) {
throw ChecksumException();
}
float left = (float) (startGuardRange[1] + startGuardRange[0]) / 2.0f;
float right = (float) (endRange[1] + endRange[0]) / 2.0f;
BarcodeFormat format = getBarcodeFormat();
ArrayRef< Ref<ResultPoint> > resultPoints(2);
resultPoints[0] = Ref<ResultPoint>(new OneDResultPoint(left, (float) rowNumber));
resultPoints[1] = Ref<ResultPoint>(new OneDResultPoint(right, (float) rowNumber));
Ref<Result> decodeResult (new Result(resultString, ArrayRef<char>(), resultPoints, format));
// Java extension and man stuff
return decodeResult;
}
char Code93Reader::patternToChar(int pattern) {
for (int i = 0; i < CHARACTER_ENCODINGS_LENGTH; i++) {
if (CHARACTER_ENCODINGS[i] == pattern) {
return ALPHABET[i];
}
}
throw NotFoundException();
}
/**
* Skip all whitespace until we get to the first black line.
*
* @param row row of black/white values to search
* @return index of the first black line.
* @throws ReaderException Throws exception if no black lines are found in the row
*/
int ITFReader::skipWhiteSpace(Ref<BitArray> row) {
int width = row->getSize();
int endStart = row->getNextSet(0);
if (endStart == width) {
throw NotFoundException();
}
return endStart;
}
/**
* The start & end patterns must be pre/post fixed by a quiet zone. This
* zone must be at least 10 times the width of a narrow line. Scan back until
* we either get to the start of the barcode or match the necessary number of
* quiet zone pixels.
*
* Note: Its assumed the row is reversed when using this method to find
* quiet zone after the end pattern.
*
* ref: http://www.barcode-1.net/i25code.html
*
* @param row bit array representing the scanned barcode.
* @param startPattern index into row of the start or end pattern.
* @throws ReaderException if the quiet zone cannot be found, a ReaderException is thrown.
*/
void ITFReader::validateQuietZone(Ref<BitArray> row, int startPattern) {
int quietCount = this->narrowLineWidth * 10; // expect to find this many pixels of quiet zone
for (int i = startPattern - 1; quietCount > 0 && i >= 0; i--) {
if (row->get(i)) {
break;
}
quietCount--;
}
if (quietCount != 0) {
// Unable to find the necessary number of quiet zone pixels.
throw NotFoundException();
}
}
vector<int> Code128Reader::findStartPattern(Ref<BitArray> row){
int width = row->getSize();
int rowOffset = row->getNextSet(0);
int counterPosition = 0;
vector<int> counters (6, 0);
int patternStart = rowOffset;
bool isWhite = false;
int patternLength = counters.size();
for (int i = rowOffset; i < width; i++) {
if (row->get(i) ^ isWhite) {
counters[counterPosition]++;
} else {
if (counterPosition == patternLength - 1) {
int bestVariance = MAX_AVG_VARIANCE;
int bestMatch = -1;
for (int startCode = CODE_START_A; startCode <= CODE_START_C; startCode++) {
int variance = patternMatchVariance(counters, CODE_PATTERNS[startCode], MAX_INDIVIDUAL_VARIANCE);
if (variance < bestVariance) {
bestVariance = variance;
bestMatch = startCode;
}
}
// Look for whitespace before start pattern, >= 50% of width of start pattern
if (bestMatch >= 0 &&
row->isRange(std::max(0, patternStart - (i - patternStart) / 2), patternStart, false)) {
vector<int> resultValue (3, 0);
resultValue[0] = patternStart;
resultValue[1] = i;
resultValue[2] = bestMatch;
return resultValue;
}
patternStart += counters[0] + counters[1];
for (int y = 2; y < patternLength; y++) {
counters[y - 2] = counters[y];
}
counters[patternLength - 2] = 0;
counters[patternLength - 1] = 0;
counterPosition--;
} else {
counterPosition++;
}
counters[counterPosition] = 1;
isWhite = !isWhite;
}
}
throw NotFoundException();
}
int CodaBarReader::findStartPattern() {
for (int i = 1; i < counterLength; i += 2) {
int charOffset = toNarrowWidePattern(i);
if (charOffset != -1 && arrayContains(STARTEND_ENCODING, ALPHABET[charOffset])) {
// Look for whitespace before start pattern, >= 50% of width of start pattern
// We make an exception if the whitespace is the first element.
int patternSize = 0;
for (int j = i; j < i + 7; j++) {
patternSize += counters[j];
}
if (i == 1 || counters[i-1] >= patternSize / 2) {
return i;
}
}
}
throw NotFoundException();
}
Ref<Result> MultiFormatUPCEANReader::decodeRow(int rowNumber, Ref<BitArray> row) {
// Compute this location once and reuse it on multiple implementations
UPCEANReader::Range startGuardPattern = UPCEANReader::findStartGuardPattern(row);
for (int i = 0, e = readers.size(); i < e; i++) {
Ref<UPCEANReader> reader = readers[i];
Ref<Result> result;
try {
result = reader->decodeRow(rowNumber, row, startGuardPattern);
} catch (ReaderException const& ignored) {
continue;
}
// Special case: a 12-digit code encoded in UPC-A is identical
// to a "0" followed by those 12 digits encoded as EAN-13. Each
// will recognize such a code, UPC-A as a 12-digit string and
// EAN-13 as a 13-digit string starting with "0". Individually
// these are correct and their readers will both read such a
// code and correctly call it EAN-13, or UPC-A, respectively.
//
// In this case, if we've been looking for both types, we'd like
// to call it a UPC-A code. But for efficiency we only run the
// EAN-13 decoder to also read UPC-A. So we special case it
// here, and convert an EAN-13 result to a UPC-A result if
// appropriate.
bool ean13MayBeUPCA =
result->getBarcodeFormat() == BarcodeFormat::EAN_13 &&
result->getText()->charAt(0) == '0';
// Note: doesn't match Java which uses hints
bool canReturnUPCA = true;
if (ean13MayBeUPCA && canReturnUPCA) {
// Transfer the metdata across
Ref<Result> resultUPCA (new Result(result->getText()->substring(1),
result->getRawBytes(),
result->getResultPoints(),
BarcodeFormat::UPC_A));
// needs java metadata stuff
return resultUPCA;
}
return result;
}
throw NotFoundException();
}
UPCEANReader::Range UPCEANReader::findGuardPattern(Ref<BitArray> row,
int rowOffset,
bool whiteFirst,
vector<int> const& pattern,
vector<int>& counters) {
// cerr << "fGP " << rowOffset << " " << whiteFirst << endl;
if (false) {
for(int i=0; i < (int)pattern.size(); ++i) {
std::cerr << pattern[i];
}
std::cerr << std::endl;
}
int patternLength = (int)pattern.size();
int width = row->getSize();
bool isWhite = whiteFirst;
rowOffset = whiteFirst ? row->getNextUnset(rowOffset) : row->getNextSet(rowOffset);
int counterPosition = 0;
int patternStart = rowOffset;
for (int x = rowOffset; x < width; x++) {
// std::cerr << "rg " << x << " " << row->get(x) << std::endl;
if (row->get(x) ^ isWhite) {
counters[counterPosition]++;
} else {
if (counterPosition == patternLength - 1) {
if (patternMatchVariance(counters, pattern, MAX_INDIVIDUAL_VARIANCE) < MAX_AVG_VARIANCE) {
return Range(patternStart, x);
}
patternStart += counters[0] + counters[1];
for (int y = 2; y < patternLength; y++) {
counters[y - 2] = counters[y];
}
counters[patternLength - 2] = 0;
counters[patternLength - 1] = 0;
counterPosition--;
} else {
counterPosition++;
}
counters[counterPosition] = 1;
isWhite = !isWhite;
}
}
throw NotFoundException();
}
/**
* Attempts to decode a sequence of ITF black/white lines into single
* digit.
*
* @param counters the counts of runs of observed black/white/black/... values
* @return The decoded digit
* @throws ReaderException if digit cannot be decoded
*/
int ITFReader::decodeDigit(vector<int>& counters){
int bestVariance = MAX_AVG_VARIANCE; // worst variance we'll accept
int bestMatch = -1;
int max = sizeof(PATTERNS)/sizeof(PATTERNS[0]);
for (int i = 0; i < max; i++) {
int const* pattern = PATTERNS[i];
int variance = patternMatchVariance(counters, pattern, MAX_INDIVIDUAL_VARIANCE);
if (variance < bestVariance) {
bestVariance = variance;
bestMatch = i;
}
}
if (bestMatch >= 0) {
return bestMatch;
} else {
throw NotFoundException();
}
}
int Code128Reader::decodeCode(Ref<BitArray> row, vector<int>& counters, int rowOffset) {
recordPattern(row, rowOffset, counters);
int bestVariance = MAX_AVG_VARIANCE; // worst variance we'll accept
int bestMatch = -1;
for (int d = 0; d < CODE_PATTERNS_LENGTH; d++) {
int const* const pattern = CODE_PATTERNS[d];
int variance = patternMatchVariance(counters, pattern, MAX_INDIVIDUAL_VARIANCE);
if (variance < bestVariance) {
bestVariance = variance;
bestMatch = d;
}
}
// TODO We're overlooking the fact that the STOP pattern has 7 values, not 6.
if (bestMatch >= 0) {
return bestMatch;
} else {
throw NotFoundException();
}
}
/**
* Records the size of all runs of white and black pixels, starting with white.
* This is just like recordPattern, except it records all the counters, and
* uses our builtin "counters" member for storage.
* @param row row to count from
*/
void CodaBarReader::setCounters(Ref<BitArray> row) {
counterLength = 0;
// Start from the first white bit.
int i = row->getNextUnset(0);
int end = row->getSize();
if (i >= end) {
throw NotFoundException();
}
bool isWhite = true;
int count = 0;
for (; i < end; i++) {
if (row->get(i) ^ isWhite) { // that is, exactly one is true
count++;
} else {
counterAppend(count);
count = 1;
isWhite = !isWhite;
}
}
counterAppend(count);
}
Code93Reader::Range Code93Reader::findAsteriskPattern(Ref<BitArray> row) {
int width = row->getSize();
int rowOffset = row->getNextSet(0);
{ // Arrays.fill(counters, 0);
int size = counters.size();
counters.resize(0);
counters.resize(size); }
vector<int>& theCounters (counters);
int patternStart = rowOffset;
bool isWhite = false;
int patternLength = theCounters.size();
int counterPosition = 0;
for (int i = rowOffset; i < width; i++) {
if (row->get(i) ^ isWhite) {
theCounters[counterPosition]++;
} else {
if (counterPosition == patternLength - 1) {
if (toPattern(theCounters) == ASTERISK_ENCODING) {
return Range(patternStart, i);
}
patternStart += theCounters[0] + theCounters[1];
for (int y = 2; y < patternLength; y++) {
theCounters[y - 2] = theCounters[y];
}
theCounters[patternLength - 2] = 0;
theCounters[patternLength - 1] = 0;
counterPosition--;
} else {
counterPosition++;
}
theCounters[counterPosition] = 1;
isWhite = !isWhite;
}
}
throw NotFoundException();
}
int UPCEANReader::decodeDigit(Ref<BitArray> row,
vector<int> & counters,
int rowOffset,
vector<int const*> const& patterns) {
recordPattern(row, rowOffset, counters);
int bestVariance = MAX_AVG_VARIANCE; // worst variance we'll accept
int bestMatch = -1;
int max = (int)patterns.size();
for (int i = 0; i < max; i++) {
int const* pattern (patterns[i]);
int variance = patternMatchVariance(counters, pattern, MAX_INDIVIDUAL_VARIANCE);
if (variance < bestVariance) {
bestVariance = variance;
bestMatch = i;
}
}
if (bestMatch >= 0) {
return bestMatch;
} else {
throw NotFoundException();
}
}
/**
* @param row row of black/white values to search
* @param rowOffset position to start search
* @param pattern pattern of counts of number of black and white pixels that are
* being searched for as a pattern
* @return start/end horizontal offset of guard pattern, as an array of two
* ints
* @throws ReaderException if pattern is not found
*/
ITFReader::Range ITFReader::findGuardPattern(Ref<BitArray> row, int rowOffset,
vector<int> const& pattern) {
// TODO: This is very similar to implementation in UPCEANReader. Consider if they can be
// merged to a single method.
int patternLength = pattern.size();
vector<int> counters(patternLength);
int width = row->getSize();
bool isWhite = false;
int counterPosition = 0;
int patternStart = rowOffset;
for (int x = rowOffset; x < width; x++) {
if (row->get(x) ^ isWhite) {
counters[counterPosition]++;
} else {
if (counterPosition == patternLength - 1) {
if (patternMatchVariance(counters, &pattern[0],
MAX_INDIVIDUAL_VARIANCE) < MAX_AVG_VARIANCE) {
return Range(patternStart, x);
}
patternStart += counters[0] + counters[1];
for (int y = 2; y < patternLength; y++) {
counters[y - 2] = counters[y];
}
counters[patternLength - 2] = 0;
counters[patternLength - 1] = 0;
counterPosition--;
} else {
counterPosition++;
}
counters[counterPosition] = 1;
isWhite = !isWhite;
}
}
throw NotFoundException();
}
Ref<Result> OneDReader::doDecode(Ref<BinaryBitmap> image, DecodeHints hints) {
int width = image->getWidth();
int height = image->getHeight();
Ref<BitArray> row(new BitArray(width));
int middle = height >> 1;
bool tryHarder = hints.getTryHarder();
int rowStep = std::max(1, height >> (tryHarder ? 8 : 5));
using namespace std;
// cerr << "rS " << rowStep << " " << height << " " << tryHarder << endl;
int maxLines;
if (tryHarder) {
maxLines = height; // Look at the whole image, not just the center
} else {
maxLines = 15; // 15 rows spaced 1/32 apart is roughly the middle half of the image
}
for (int x = 0; x < maxLines; x++) {
// Scanning from the middle out. Determine which row we're looking at next:
int rowStepsAboveOrBelow = (x + 1) >> 1;
bool isAbove = (x & 0x01) == 0; // i.e. is x even?
int rowNumber = middle + rowStep * (isAbove ? rowStepsAboveOrBelow : -rowStepsAboveOrBelow);
if (false) {
std::cerr << "rN "
<< rowNumber << " "
<< height << " "
<< middle << " "
<< rowStep << " "
<< isAbove << " "
<< rowStepsAboveOrBelow
<< std::endl;
}
if (rowNumber < 0 || rowNumber >= height) {
// Oops, if we run off the top or bottom, stop
break;
}
// Estimate black point for this row and load it:
try {
row = image->getBlackRow(rowNumber, row);
} catch (NotFoundException const& ignored) {
(void)ignored;
continue;
}
// While we have the image data in a BitArray, it's fairly cheap to reverse it in place to
// handle decoding upside down barcodes.
for (int attempt = 0; attempt < 2; attempt++) {
if (attempt == 1) {
row->reverse(); // reverse the row and continue
}
// Java hints stuff missing
try {
// Look for a barcode
// std::cerr << "rn " << rowNumber << " " << typeid(*this).name() << std::endl;
Ref<Result> result = decodeRow(rowNumber, row);
// We found our barcode
if (attempt == 1) {
// But it was upside down, so note that
// result.putMetadata(ResultMetadataType.ORIENTATION, new Integer(180));
// And remember to flip the result points horizontally.
ArrayRef< Ref<ResultPoint> > points(result->getResultPoints());
if (points) {
points[0] = Ref<ResultPoint>(new OneDResultPoint(width - points[0]->getX() - 1,
points[0]->getY()));
points[1] = Ref<ResultPoint>(new OneDResultPoint(width - points[1]->getX() - 1,
points[1]->getY()));
}
}
return result;
} catch (ReaderException const& re) {
(void)re;
continue;
}
}
}
throw NotFoundException();
}
Ref<Result> CodaBarReader::decodeRow(int rowNumber, Ref<BitArray> row) {
{ // Arrays.fill(counters, 0);
int size = counters.size();
counters.resize(0);
counters.resize(size); }
setCounters(row);
int startOffset = findStartPattern();
int nextStart = startOffset;
decodeRowResult.clear();
do {
int charOffset = toNarrowWidePattern(nextStart);
if (charOffset == -1) {
throw NotFoundException();
}
// Hack: We store the position in the alphabet table into a
// StringBuilder, so that we can access the decoded patterns in
// validatePattern. We'll translate to the actual characters later.
decodeRowResult.append(1, (char)charOffset);
nextStart += 8;
// Stop as soon as we see the end character.
if (decodeRowResult.length() > 1 &&
arrayContains(STARTEND_ENCODING, ALPHABET[charOffset])) {
break;
}
} while (nextStart < counterLength); // no fixed end pattern so keep on reading while data is available
// Look for whitespace after pattern:
int trailingWhitespace = counters[nextStart - 1];
int lastPatternSize = 0;
for (int i = -8; i < -1; i++) {
lastPatternSize += counters[nextStart + i];
}
// We need to see whitespace equal to 50% of the last pattern size,
// otherwise this is probably a false positive. The exception is if we are
// at the end of the row. (I.e. the barcode barely fits.)
if (nextStart < counterLength && trailingWhitespace < lastPatternSize / 2) {
throw NotFoundException();
}
validatePattern(startOffset);
// Translate character table offsets to actual characters.
for (int i = 0; i < (int)decodeRowResult.length(); i++) {
decodeRowResult[i] = ALPHABET[(int)decodeRowResult[i]];
}
// Ensure a valid start and end character
char startchar = decodeRowResult[0];
if (!arrayContains(STARTEND_ENCODING, startchar)) {
throw NotFoundException();
}
char endchar = decodeRowResult[decodeRowResult.length() - 1];
if (!arrayContains(STARTEND_ENCODING, endchar)) {
throw NotFoundException();
}
// remove stop/start characters character and check if a long enough string is contained
if ((int)decodeRowResult.length() <= MIN_CHARACTER_LENGTH) {
// Almost surely a false positive ( start + stop + at least 1 character)
throw NotFoundException();
}
decodeRowResult.erase(decodeRowResult.length() - 1, 1);
decodeRowResult.erase(0, 1);
int runningCount = 0;
for (int i = 0; i < startOffset; i++) {
runningCount += counters[i];
}
float left = (float) runningCount;
for (int i = startOffset; i < nextStart - 1; i++) {
runningCount += counters[i];
}
float right = (float) runningCount;
ArrayRef< Ref<ResultPoint> > resultPoints(2);
resultPoints[0] =
Ref<OneDResultPoint>(new OneDResultPoint(left, (float) rowNumber));
resultPoints[1] =
Ref<OneDResultPoint>(new OneDResultPoint(right, (float) rowNumber));
return Ref<Result>(new Result(Ref<String>(new String(decodeRowResult)),
ArrayRef<char>(),
resultPoints,
BarcodeFormat::CODABAR));
}
Ref<Result> Code93Reader::decodeRow(int rowNumber, Ref<BitArray> row, zxing::DecodeHints /*hints*/) {
Range start (findAsteriskPattern(row));
// Read off white space
int nextStart = row->getNextSet(start[1]);
int end = row->getSize();
vector<int>& theCounters (counters);
{ // Arrays.fill(counters, 0);
int size = theCounters.size();
theCounters.resize(0);
theCounters.resize(size); }
string& result (decodeRowResult);
result.clear();
char decodedChar;
int lastStart;
do {
recordPattern(row, nextStart, theCounters);
int pattern = toPattern(theCounters);
if (pattern < 0) {
throw NotFoundException();
}
decodedChar = patternToChar(pattern);
result.append(1, decodedChar);
lastStart = nextStart;
for(int i=0, e=theCounters.size(); i < e; ++i) {
nextStart += theCounters[i];
}
// Read off white space
nextStart = row->getNextSet(nextStart);
} while (decodedChar != '*');
result.resize(result.length() - 1); // remove asterisk
// Look for whitespace after pattern:
int lastPatternSize = 0;
for (int i = 0, e = theCounters.size(); i < e; i++) {
lastPatternSize += theCounters[i];
}
// Should be at least one more black module
if (nextStart == end || !row->get(nextStart)) {
throw NotFoundException();
}
if (result.length() < 2) {
// false positive -- need at least 2 checksum digits
throw NotFoundException();
}
checkChecksums(result);
// Remove checksum digits
result.resize(result.length() - 2);
Ref<String> resultString = decodeExtended(result);
float left = (float) (start[1] + start[0]) / 2.0f;
float right = lastStart + lastPatternSize / 2.0f;
ArrayRef< Ref<ResultPoint> > resultPoints (2);
resultPoints[0] =
Ref<OneDResultPoint>(new OneDResultPoint(left, (float) rowNumber));
resultPoints[1] =
Ref<OneDResultPoint>(new OneDResultPoint(right, (float) rowNumber));
return Ref<Result>(new Result(
resultString,
ArrayRef<byte>(),
resultPoints,
BarcodeFormat::CODE_93));
}
Ref<Result> Code128Reader::decodeRow(int rowNumber, Ref<BitArray> row) {
// boolean convertFNC1 = hints != null && hints.containsKey(DecodeHintType.ASSUME_GS1);
boolean convertFNC1 = false;
vector<int> startPatternInfo (findStartPattern(row));
int startCode = startPatternInfo[2];
int codeSet;
switch (startCode) {
case CODE_START_A:
codeSet = CODE_CODE_A;
break;
case CODE_START_B:
codeSet = CODE_CODE_B;
break;
case CODE_START_C:
codeSet = CODE_CODE_C;
break;
default:
throw FormatException();
}
bool done = false;
bool isNextShifted = false;
string result;
vector<char> rawCodes(20, 0);
int lastStart = startPatternInfo[0];
int nextStart = startPatternInfo[1];
vector<int> counters (6, 0);
int lastCode = 0;
int code = 0;
int checksumTotal = startCode;
int multiplier = 0;
bool lastCharacterWasPrintable = true;
std::ostringstream oss;
while (!done) {
bool unshift = isNextShifted;
isNextShifted = false;
// Save off last code
lastCode = code;
code = decodeCode(row, counters, nextStart);
// Remember whether the last code was printable or not (excluding CODE_STOP)
if (code != CODE_STOP) {
lastCharacterWasPrintable = true;
}
// Add to checksum computation (if not CODE_STOP of course)
if (code != CODE_STOP) {
multiplier++;
checksumTotal += multiplier * code;
}
// Advance to where the next code will to start
lastStart = nextStart;
for (int i = 0, e = counters.size(); i < e; i++) {
nextStart += counters[i];
}
// Take care of illegal start codes
switch (code) {
case CODE_START_A:
case CODE_START_B:
case CODE_START_C:
throw FormatException();
}
switch (codeSet) {
case CODE_CODE_A:
if (code < 64) {
result.append(1, (char) (' ' + code));
} else if (code < 96) {
result.append(1, (char) (code - 64));
} else {
// Don't let CODE_STOP, which always appears, affect whether whether we think the
// last code was printable or not.
if (code != CODE_STOP) {
lastCharacterWasPrintable = false;
}
switch (code) {
case CODE_FNC_1:
if (convertFNC1) {
if (result.length() == 0){
// GS1 specification 5.4.3.7. and 5.4.6.4. If the first char after the start code
// is FNC1 then this is GS1-128. We add the symbology identifier.
result.append("]C1");
} else {
// GS1 specification 5.4.7.5. Every subsequent FNC1 is returned as ASCII 29 (GS)
result.append(1, (char) 29);
}
}
break;
case CODE_FNC_2:
case CODE_FNC_3:
case CODE_FNC_4_A:
// do nothing?
break;
case CODE_SHIFT:
isNextShifted = true;
codeSet = CODE_CODE_B;
break;
case CODE_CODE_B:
codeSet = CODE_CODE_B;
break;
case CODE_CODE_C:
codeSet = CODE_CODE_C;
break;
case CODE_STOP:
done = true;
break;
}
}
break;
case CODE_CODE_B:
if (code < 96) {
result.append(1, (char) (' ' + code));
} else {
if (code != CODE_STOP) {
lastCharacterWasPrintable = false;
}
switch (code) {
case CODE_FNC_1:
case CODE_FNC_2:
case CODE_FNC_3:
case CODE_FNC_4_B:
// do nothing?
break;
case CODE_SHIFT:
isNextShifted = true;
codeSet = CODE_CODE_A;
break;
case CODE_CODE_A:
codeSet = CODE_CODE_A;
break;
case CODE_CODE_C:
codeSet = CODE_CODE_C;
break;
case CODE_STOP:
done = true;
break;
}
}
break;
case CODE_CODE_C:
if (code < 100) {
if (code < 10) {
result.append(1, '0');
}
oss.clear();
oss.str("");
oss << code;
result.append(oss.str());
} else {
if (code != CODE_STOP) {
lastCharacterWasPrintable = false;
}
switch (code) {
case CODE_FNC_1:
// do nothing?
break;
case CODE_CODE_A:
codeSet = CODE_CODE_A;
break;
case CODE_CODE_B:
codeSet = CODE_CODE_B;
break;
case CODE_STOP:
done = true;
break;
}
}
break;
}
// Unshift back to another code set if we were shifted
if (unshift) {
codeSet = codeSet == CODE_CODE_A ? CODE_CODE_B : CODE_CODE_A;
}
}
// Check for ample whitespace following pattern, but, to do this we first need to remember that
// we fudged decoding CODE_STOP since it actually has 7 bars, not 6. There is a black bar left
// to read off. Would be slightly better to properly read. Here we just skip it:
nextStart = row->getNextUnset(nextStart);
if (!row->isRange(nextStart,
std::min(row->getSize(), nextStart + (nextStart - lastStart) / 2),
false)) {
throw NotFoundException();
}
// Pull out from sum the value of the penultimate check code
checksumTotal -= multiplier * lastCode;
// lastCode is the checksum then:
if (checksumTotal % 103 != lastCode) {
throw ChecksumException();
}
// Need to pull out the check digits from string
int resultLength = result.length();
if (resultLength == 0) {
// false positive
throw NotFoundException();
}
// Only bother if the result had at least one character, and if the checksum digit happened to
// be a printable character. If it was just interpreted as a control code, nothing to remove.
if (resultLength > 0 && lastCharacterWasPrintable) {
if (codeSet == CODE_CODE_C) {
result.erase(resultLength - 2, resultLength);
} else {
result.erase(resultLength - 1, resultLength);
}
}
float left = (float) (startPatternInfo[1] + startPatternInfo[0]) / 2.0f;
float right = (float) (nextStart + lastStart) / 2.0f;
int rawCodesSize = rawCodes.size();
ArrayRef<char> rawBytes (rawCodesSize);
for (int i = 0; i < rawCodesSize; i++) {
rawBytes[i] = rawCodes[i];
}
ArrayRef< Ref<ResultPoint> > resultPoints(2);
resultPoints[0] =
Ref<OneDResultPoint>(new OneDResultPoint(left, (float) rowNumber));
resultPoints[1] =
Ref<OneDResultPoint>(new OneDResultPoint(right, (float) rowNumber));
return Ref<Result>(new Result(Ref<String>(new String(result)), rawBytes, resultPoints,
BarcodeFormat::CODE_128));
}
Ref<DetectorResult> Detector::detect() {
Ref<WhiteRectangleDetector> rectangleDetector_(new WhiteRectangleDetector(image_));
std::vector<Ref<ResultPoint> > ResultPoints = rectangleDetector_->detect();
Ref<ResultPoint> pointA = ResultPoints[0];
Ref<ResultPoint> pointB = ResultPoints[1];
Ref<ResultPoint> pointC = ResultPoints[2];
Ref<ResultPoint> pointD = ResultPoints[3];
// Point A and D are across the diagonal from one another,
// as are B and C. Figure out which are the solid black lines
// by counting transitions
std::vector<Ref<ResultPointsAndTransitions> > transitions(4);
transitions[0].reset(transitionsBetween(pointA, pointB));
transitions[1].reset(transitionsBetween(pointA, pointC));
transitions[2].reset(transitionsBetween(pointB, pointD));
transitions[3].reset(transitionsBetween(pointC, pointD));
insertionSort(transitions);
// Sort by number of transitions. First two will be the two solid sides; last two
// will be the two alternating black/white sides
Ref<ResultPointsAndTransitions> lSideOne(transitions[0]);
Ref<ResultPointsAndTransitions> lSideTwo(transitions[1]);
// Figure out which point is their intersection by tallying up the number of times we see the
// endpoints in the four endpoints. One will show up twice.
typedef std::map<Ref<ResultPoint>, int> PointMap;
PointMap pointCount;
increment(pointCount, lSideOne->getFrom());
increment(pointCount, lSideOne->getTo());
increment(pointCount, lSideTwo->getFrom());
increment(pointCount, lSideTwo->getTo());
// Figure out which point is their intersection by tallying up the number of times we see the
// endpoints in the four endpoints. One will show up twice.
Ref<ResultPoint> maybeTopLeft;
Ref<ResultPoint> bottomLeft;
Ref<ResultPoint> maybeBottomRight;
for (PointMap::const_iterator entry = pointCount.begin(), end = pointCount.end(); entry != end; ++entry) {
Ref<ResultPoint> const& point = entry->first;
int value = entry->second;
if (value == 2) {
bottomLeft = point; // this is definitely the bottom left, then -- end of two L sides
} else {
// Otherwise it's either top left or bottom right -- just assign the two arbitrarily now
if (maybeTopLeft == 0) {
maybeTopLeft = point;
} else {
maybeBottomRight = point;
}
}
}
if (maybeTopLeft == 0 || bottomLeft == 0 || maybeBottomRight == 0) {
throw NotFoundException();
}
// Bottom left is correct but top left and bottom right might be switched
std::vector<Ref<ResultPoint> > corners(3);
corners[0].reset(maybeTopLeft);
corners[1].reset(bottomLeft);
corners[2].reset(maybeBottomRight);
// Use the dot product trick to sort them out
ResultPoint::orderBestPatterns(corners);
// Now we know which is which:
Ref<ResultPoint> bottomRight(corners[0]);
bottomLeft = corners[1];
Ref<ResultPoint> topLeft(corners[2]);
// Which point didn't we find in relation to the "L" sides? that's the top right corner
Ref<ResultPoint> topRight;
if (!(pointA->equals(bottomRight) || pointA->equals(bottomLeft) || pointA->equals(topLeft))) {
topRight = pointA;
} else if (!(pointB->equals(bottomRight) || pointB->equals(bottomLeft)
|| pointB->equals(topLeft))) {
topRight = pointB;
} else if (!(pointC->equals(bottomRight) || pointC->equals(bottomLeft)
|| pointC->equals(topLeft))) {
topRight = pointC;
} else {
topRight = pointD;
}
// Next determine the dimension by tracing along the top or right side and counting black/white
// transitions. Since we start inside a black module, we should see a number of transitions
// equal to 1 less than the code dimension. Well, actually 2 less, because we are going to
// end on a black module:
// The top right point is actually the corner of a module, which is one of the two black modules
// adjacent to the white module at the top right. Tracing to that corner from either the top left
// or bottom right should work here.
int dimensionTop = transitionsBetween(topLeft, topRight)->getTransitions();
int dimensionRight = transitionsBetween(bottomRight, topRight)->getTransitions();
//dimensionTop++;
if ((dimensionTop & 0x01) == 1) {
// it can't be odd, so, round... up?
dimensionTop++;
}
dimensionTop += 2;
//dimensionRight++;
if ((dimensionRight & 0x01) == 1) {
// it can't be odd, so, round... up?
dimensionRight++;
}
dimensionRight += 2;
Ref<BitMatrix> bits;
Ref<PerspectiveTransform> transform;
Ref<ResultPoint> correctedTopRight;
// Rectanguar symbols are 6x16, 6x28, 10x24, 10x32, 14x32, or 14x44. If one dimension is more
// than twice the other, it's certainly rectangular, but to cut a bit more slack we accept it as
// rectangular if the bigger side is at least 7/4 times the other:
if (4 * dimensionTop >= 7 * dimensionRight || 4 * dimensionRight >= 7 * dimensionTop) {
// The matrix is rectangular
correctedTopRight = correctTopRightRectangular(bottomLeft, bottomRight, topLeft, topRight,
dimensionTop, dimensionRight);
if (correctedTopRight == NULL) {
correctedTopRight = topRight;
}
dimensionTop = transitionsBetween(topLeft, correctedTopRight)->getTransitions();
dimensionRight = transitionsBetween(bottomRight, correctedTopRight)->getTransitions();
if ((dimensionTop & 0x01) == 1) {
// it can't be odd, so, round... up?
dimensionTop++;
}
if ((dimensionRight & 0x01) == 1) {
// it can't be odd, so, round... up?
dimensionRight++;
}
transform = createTransform(topLeft, correctedTopRight, bottomLeft, bottomRight, dimensionTop,
dimensionRight);
bits = sampleGrid(image_, dimensionTop, dimensionRight, transform);
} else {
// The matrix is square
int dimension = min(dimensionRight, dimensionTop);
// correct top right point to match the white module
correctedTopRight = correctTopRight(bottomLeft, bottomRight, topLeft, topRight, dimension);
if (correctedTopRight == NULL) {
correctedTopRight = topRight;
}
// Redetermine the dimension using the corrected top right point
int dimensionCorrected = std::max(transitionsBetween(topLeft, correctedTopRight)->getTransitions(),
transitionsBetween(bottomRight, correctedTopRight)->getTransitions());
dimensionCorrected++;
if ((dimensionCorrected & 0x01) == 1) {
dimensionCorrected++;
}
transform = createTransform(topLeft, correctedTopRight, bottomLeft, bottomRight,
dimensionCorrected, dimensionCorrected);
bits = sampleGrid(image_, dimensionCorrected, dimensionCorrected, transform);
}
ArrayRef< Ref<ResultPoint> > points (new Array< Ref<ResultPoint> >(4));
points[0].reset(topLeft);
points[1].reset(bottomLeft);
points[2].reset(correctedTopRight);
points[3].reset(bottomRight);
Ref<DetectorResult> detectorResult(new DetectorResult(bits, points));
return detectorResult;
}
void LinesSampler::linesMatrixToCodewords(vector<vector<int> >& clusterNumbers,
const int symbolsPerLine,
const vector<float>& symbolWidths,
Ref<BitMatrix> linesMatrix,
vector<vector<int> >& codewords)
{
for (int y = 0; y < linesMatrix->getHeight(); y++) {
// Not sure if this is the right way to handle this but avoids an error:
if (symbolsPerLine > (int)symbolWidths.size()) {
throw NotFoundException("Inconsistent number of symbols in this line.");
}
// TODO: use symbolWidths.size() instead of symbolsPerLine to at least decode some codewords
codewords[y].resize(symbolsPerLine, 0);
clusterNumbers[y].resize(symbolsPerLine, -1);
int line = y;
vector<int> barWidths(1, 0);
int barCount = 0;
// Runlength encode the bars in the scanned linesMatrix.
// We assume that the first bar is black, as determined by the PDF417 standard.
bool isSetBar = true;
// Filter small white bars at the beginning of the barcode.
// Small white bars may occur due to small deviations in scan line sampling.
barWidths[0] += BARCODE_START_OFFSET;
for (int x = BARCODE_START_OFFSET; x < linesMatrix->getWidth(); x++) {
if (linesMatrix->get(x, line)) {
if (!isSetBar) {
isSetBar = true;
barCount++;
barWidths.resize(barWidths.size() + 1);
}
} else {
if (isSetBar) {
isSetBar = false;
barCount++;
barWidths.resize(barWidths.size() + 1);
}
}
barWidths[barCount]++;
}
// Don't forget the last bar.
barCount++;
barWidths.resize(barWidths.size() + 1);
#if PDF417_DIAG && OUTPUT_BAR_WIDTH
{
for (int i = 0; i < barWidths.size(); i++) {
cout << barWidths[i] << ", ";
}
cout << endl;
}
#endif
//////////////////////////////////////////////////
// Find the symbols in the line by counting bar lengths until we reach symbolWidth.
// We make sure, that the last bar of a symbol is always white, as determined by the PDF417 standard.
// This helps to reduce the amount of errors done during the symbol recognition.
// The symbolWidth usually is not constant over the width of the barcode.
int cwWidth = 0;
int cwCount = 0;
vector<int> cwStarts(symbolsPerLine, 0);
cwStarts[0] = 0;
cwCount++;
for (int i = 0; i < barCount && cwCount < symbolsPerLine; i++) {
cwWidth += barWidths[i];
if ((float)cwWidth > symbolWidths[cwCount - 1]) {
if ((i % 2) == 1) { // check if bar is white
i++;
}
cwWidth = barWidths[i];
cwStarts[cwCount] = i;
cwCount++;
}
}
#if PDF417_DIAG && OUTPUT_CW_STARTS
{
for (int i = 0; i < cwStarts.size(); i++) {
cout << cwStarts[i] << ", ";
}
cout << endl;
}
#endif
///////////////////////////////////////////
vector<vector<float> > cwRatios(symbolsPerLine);
// Distribute bar widths to modules of a codeword.
for (int i = 0; i < symbolsPerLine; i++) {
cwRatios[i].resize(BARS_IN_SYMBOL, 0.0f);
const int cwStart = cwStarts[i];
const int cwEnd = (i == symbolsPerLine - 1) ? barCount : cwStarts[i + 1];
const int cwLength = cwEnd - cwStart;
if (cwLength < 7 || cwLength > 9) {
// We try to recover smybols with 7 or 9 bars and spaces with heuristics, but everything else is beyond repair.
continue;
}
float cwWidth = 0;
// For symbols with 9 bar length simply ignore the last bar.
for (int j = 0; j < min(BARS_IN_SYMBOL, cwLength); ++j) {
cwWidth += (float)barWidths[cwStart + j];
}
// If there were only 7 bars and spaces detected use the following heuristic:
// Assume the length of the symbol is symbolWidth and the last (unrecognized) bar uses all remaining space.
if (cwLength == 7) {
for (int j = 0; j < cwLength; ++j) {
cwRatios[i][j] = (float)barWidths[cwStart + j] / symbolWidths[i];
}
cwRatios[i][7] = (symbolWidths[i] - cwWidth) / symbolWidths[i];
} else {
for (int j = 0; j < (int)cwRatios[i].size(); ++j) {
cwRatios[i][j] = (float)barWidths[cwStart + j] / cwWidth;
}
}
float bestMatchError = std::numeric_limits<float>::max();
int bestMatch = 0;
// Search for the most possible codeword by comparing the ratios of bar size to symbol width.
// The sum of the squared differences is used as similarity metric.
// (Picture it as the square euclidian distance in the space of eight tuples where a tuple represents the bar ratios.)
for (int j = 0; j < POSSIBLE_SYMBOLS; j++) {
float error = 0.0f;
for (int k = 0; k < BARS_IN_SYMBOL; k++) {
float diff = RATIOS_TABLE[j * BARS_IN_SYMBOL + k] - cwRatios[i][k];
error += diff * diff;
if (error >= bestMatchError) {
break;
}
}
if (error < bestMatchError) {
bestMatchError = error;
bestMatch = BitMatrixParser::SYMBOL_TABLE[j];
}
}
codewords[y][i] = bestMatch;
clusterNumbers[y][i] = calculateClusterNumber(bestMatch);
}
}
#if PDF417_DIAG && OUTPUT_CLUSTER_NUMBERS
{
for (int i = 0; i < clusterNumbers.size(); i++) {
for (int j = 0; j < clusterNumbers[i].size(); j++) {
cout << clusterNumbers[i][j] << ", ";
}
cout << endl;
}
}
#endif
#if PDF417_DIAG
{
Ref<BitMatrix> bits(new BitMatrix(symbolsPerLine * MODULES_IN_SYMBOL, codewords.size()));
codewordsToBitMatrix(codewords, bits);
static int __cnt__ = 0;
stringstream ss;
ss << "pdf417-detectedRaw" << __cnt__++ << ".png";
bits->writePng(ss.str().c_str(), 8, 16);
}
#endif
}
