/*!
* \brief pixGrayMorphSequence()
*
* \param[in] pixs
* \param[in] sequence string specifying sequence
* \param[in] dispsep controls debug display of each result in the sequence:
* 0: no output
* > 0: gives horizontal separation in pixels between
* successive displays
* < 0: pdf output; abs(dispsep) is used for naming
* \param[in] dispy if dispsep > 0, this gives the y-value of the
* UL corner for display; otherwise it is ignored
* \return pixd, or NULL on error
*
* <pre>
* Notes:
* (1) This works on 8 bpp grayscale images.
* (2) This runs a pipeline of operations; no branching is allowed.
* (3) This only uses brick SELs.
* (4) A new image is always produced; the input image is not changed.
* (5) This contains an interpreter, allowing sequences to be
* generated and run.
* (6) The format of the sequence string is defined below.
* (7) In addition to morphological operations, the composite
* morph/subtract tophat can be performed.
* (8) Sel sizes (width, height) must each be odd numbers.
* (9) Intermediate results can optionally be displayed
* (10) The sequence string is formatted as follows:
* ~ An arbitrary number of operations, each separated
* by a '+' character. White space is ignored.
* ~ Each operation begins with a case-independent character
* specifying the operation:
* d or D (dilation)
* e or E (erosion)
* o or O (opening)
* c or C (closing)
* t or T (tophat)
* ~ The args to the morphological operations are bricks of hits,
* and are formatted as a.b, where a and b are horizontal and
* vertical dimensions, rsp. (each must be an odd number)
* ~ The args to the tophat are w or W (for white tophat)
* or b or B (for black tophat), followed by a.b as for
* the dilation, erosion, opening and closing.
* Example valid sequences are:
* "c5.3 + o7.5"
* "c9.9 + tw9.9"
* </pre>
*/
PIX *
pixGrayMorphSequence(PIX *pixs,
const char *sequence,
l_int32 dispsep,
l_int32 dispy)
{
char *rawop, *op, *fname;
char buf[256];
l_int32 nops, i, valid, w, h, x, pdfout;
PIX *pixt1, *pixt2;
PIXA *pixa;
SARRAY *sa;
PROCNAME("pixGrayMorphSequence");
if (!pixs)
return (PIX *)ERROR_PTR("pixs not defined", procName, NULL);
if (!sequence)
return (PIX *)ERROR_PTR("sequence not defined", procName, NULL);
/* Split sequence into individual operations */
sa = sarrayCreate(0);
sarraySplitString(sa, sequence, "+");
nops = sarrayGetCount(sa);
pdfout = (dispsep < 0) ? 1 : 0;
/* Verify that the operation sequence is valid */
valid = TRUE;
for (i = 0; i < nops; i++) {
rawop = sarrayGetString(sa, i, L_NOCOPY);
op = stringRemoveChars(rawop, " \n\t");
switch (op[0])
{
case 'd':
case 'D':
case 'e':
case 'E':
case 'o':
case 'O':
case 'c':
case 'C':
if (sscanf(&op[1], "%d.%d", &w, &h) != 2) {
fprintf(stderr, "*** op: %s invalid\n", op);
valid = FALSE;
break;
}
if (w < 1 || (w & 1) == 0 || h < 1 || (h & 1) == 0 ) {
fprintf(stderr,
"*** op: %s; w = %d, h = %d; must both be odd\n",
op, w, h);
valid = FALSE;
break;
}
/* fprintf(stderr, "op = %s; w = %d, h = %d\n", op, w, h); */
break;
case 't':
case 'T':
if (op[1] != 'w' && op[1] != 'W' &&
op[1] != 'b' && op[1] != 'B') {
fprintf(stderr,
"*** op = %s; arg %c must be 'w' or 'b'\n", op, op[1]);
valid = FALSE;
break;
}
sscanf(&op[2], "%d.%d", &w, &h);
if (w < 1 || (w & 1) == 0 || h < 1 || (h & 1) == 0 ) {
fprintf(stderr,
"*** op: %s; w = %d, h = %d; must both be odd\n",
op, w, h);
valid = FALSE;
break;
}
/* fprintf(stderr, "op = %s", op); */
break;
default:
fprintf(stderr, "*** nonexistent op = %s\n", op);
valid = FALSE;
}
LEPT_FREE(op);
}
if (!valid) {
sarrayDestroy(&sa);
return (PIX *)ERROR_PTR("sequence invalid", procName, NULL);
}
/* Parse and operate */
pixa = NULL;
if (pdfout) {
pixa = pixaCreate(0);
pixaAddPix(pixa, pixs, L_CLONE);
snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "/tmp/seq_output_%d.pdf", L_ABS(dispsep));
fname = genPathname(buf, NULL);
}
pixt1 = pixCopy(NULL, pixs);
pixt2 = NULL;
x = 0;
for (i = 0; i < nops; i++) {
rawop = sarrayGetString(sa, i, L_NOCOPY);
op = stringRemoveChars(rawop, " \n\t");
switch (op[0])
{
case 'd':
case 'D':
sscanf(&op[1], "%d.%d", &w, &h);
pixt2 = pixDilateGray(pixt1, w, h);
pixSwapAndDestroy(&pixt1, &pixt2);
break;
case 'e':
case 'E':
sscanf(&op[1], "%d.%d", &w, &h);
pixt2 = pixErodeGray(pixt1, w, h);
pixSwapAndDestroy(&pixt1, &pixt2);
break;
case 'o':
case 'O':
sscanf(&op[1], "%d.%d", &w, &h);
pixt2 = pixOpenGray(pixt1, w, h);
pixSwapAndDestroy(&pixt1, &pixt2);
break;
case 'c':
case 'C':
sscanf(&op[1], "%d.%d", &w, &h);
pixt2 = pixCloseGray(pixt1, w, h);
pixSwapAndDestroy(&pixt1, &pixt2);
break;
case 't':
case 'T':
sscanf(&op[2], "%d.%d", &w, &h);
if (op[1] == 'w' || op[1] == 'W')
pixt2 = pixTophat(pixt1, w, h, L_TOPHAT_WHITE);
else /* 'b' or 'B' */
pixt2 = pixTophat(pixt1, w, h, L_TOPHAT_BLACK);
pixSwapAndDestroy(&pixt1, &pixt2);
break;
default:
/* All invalid ops are caught in the first pass */
break;
}
LEPT_FREE(op);
/* Debug output */
if (dispsep > 0) {
pixDisplay(pixt1, x, dispy);
x += dispsep;
}
if (pdfout)
pixaAddPix(pixa, pixt1, L_COPY);
}
if (pdfout) {
pixaConvertToPdf(pixa, 0, 1.0, L_FLATE_ENCODE, 0, fname, fname);
LEPT_FREE(fname);
pixaDestroy(&pixa);
}
sarrayDestroy(&sa);
return pixt1;
}
int main(int argc,
char **argv) {
l_int32 i, j;
l_int32 w, h, bw, bh, wpls, rval, gval, bval, same;
l_uint32 pixel;
l_uint32 *lines, *datas;
l_float32 sum1, sum2, ave1, ave2, ave3, ave4, diff1, diff2;
l_float32 var1, var2, var3;
BOX *box1, *box2;
NUMA *na, *na1, *na2, *na3, *na4;
PIX *pix, *pixs, *pix1, *pix2, *pix3, *pix4, *pix5, *pixg, *pixd;
PIXA *pixa;
static char mainName[] = "numa2_reg";
if (argc != 1)
return ERROR_INT(" Syntax: numa2_reg", mainName, 1);
lept_mkdir("lept");
/* -------------------------------------------------------------------*
* Numa-windowed stats *
* -------------------------------------------------------------------*/
#if DO_ALL
na = numaRead("lyra.5.na");
numaWindowedStats(na, 5, &na1, &na2, &na3, &na4);
gplotSimple1(na, GPLOT_PNG, "/tmp/lept/numa_lyra6", "Original");
gplotSimple1(na1, GPLOT_PNG, "/tmp/lept/numa_lyra7", "Mean");
gplotSimple1(na2, GPLOT_PNG, "/tmp/lept/numa_lyra8", "Mean Square");
gplotSimple1(na3, GPLOT_PNG, "/tmp/lept/numa_lyra9", "Variance");
gplotSimple1(na4, GPLOT_PNG, "/tmp/lept/numa_lyra10", "RMS Difference");
#ifndef _WIN32
sleep(1);
#else
Sleep(1000);
#endif /* _WIN32 */
pixa = pixaCreate(5);
pix1 = pixRead("/tmp/lept/numa_lyra6.png");
pix2 = pixRead("/tmp/lept/numa_lyra7.png");
pix3 = pixRead("/tmp/lept/numa_lyra8.png");
pix4 = pixRead("/tmp/lept/numa_lyra9.png");
pix5 = pixRead("/tmp/lept/numa_lyra10.png");
pixSaveTiled(pix1, pixa, 1.0, 1, 25, 32);
pixSaveTiled(pix2, pixa, 1.0, 1, 25, 32);
pixSaveTiled(pix3, pixa, 1.0, 0, 25, 32);
pixSaveTiled(pix4, pixa, 1.0, 1, 25, 32);
pixSaveTiled(pix5, pixa, 1.0, 0, 25, 32);
pixd = pixaDisplay(pixa, 0, 0);
pixDisplay(pixd, 100, 100);
pixWrite("/tmp/lept/numa_window.png", pixd, IFF_PNG);
numaDestroy(&na);
numaDestroy(&na1);
numaDestroy(&na2);
numaDestroy(&na3);
numaDestroy(&na4);
pixaDestroy(&pixa);
pixDestroy(&pix1);
pixDestroy(&pix2);
pixDestroy(&pix3);
pixDestroy(&pix4);
pixDestroy(&pix5);
pixDestroy(&pixd);
#endif
/* -------------------------------------------------------------------*
* Extraction on a line *
* -------------------------------------------------------------------*/
#if DO_ALL
/* First, make a pretty image */
w = h = 200;
pixs = pixCreate(w, h, 32);
wpls = pixGetWpl(pixs);
datas = pixGetData(pixs);
for (i = 0; i < 200; i++) {
lines = datas + i * wpls;
for (j = 0; j < 200; j++) {
rval = (l_int32)((255. * j) / w + (255. * i) / h);
gval = (l_int32)((255. * 2 * j) / w + (255. * 2 * i) / h) % 255;
bval = (l_int32)((255. * 4 * j) / w + (255. * 4 * i) / h) % 255;
composeRGBPixel(rval, gval, bval, &pixel);
lines[j] = pixel;
}
}
pixg = pixConvertTo8(pixs, 0); /* and a grayscale version */
pixWrite("/tmp/lept/numa_pixg.png", pixg, IFF_PNG);
pixDisplay(pixg, 450, 100);
na1 = pixExtractOnLine(pixg, 20, 20, 180, 20, 1);
na2 = pixExtractOnLine(pixg, 40, 30, 40, 170, 1);
na3 = pixExtractOnLine(pixg, 20, 170, 180, 30, 1);
na4 = pixExtractOnLine(pixg, 20, 190, 180, 10, 1);
gplotSimple1(na1, GPLOT_PNG, "/tmp/lept/numa_ext1", "Horizontal");
gplotSimple1(na2, GPLOT_PNG, "/tmp/lept/numa_ext2", "Vertical");
gplotSimple1(na3, GPLOT_PNG, "/tmp/lept/numa_ext3",
"Slightly more horizontal than vertical");
gplotSimple1(na4, GPLOT_PNG, "/tmp/lept/numa_ext4",
"Slightly more vertical than horizontal");
#ifndef _WIN32
sleep(1);
#else
Sleep(1000);
#endif /* _WIN32 */
pixa = pixaCreate(4);
pix1 = pixRead("/tmp/lept/numa_ext1.png");
pix2 = pixRead("/tmp/lept/numa_ext2.png");
pix3 = pixRead("/tmp/lept/numa_ext3.png");
pix4 = pixRead("/tmp/lept/numa_ext4.png");
pixSaveTiled(pix1, pixa, 1.0, 1, 25, 32);
pixSaveTiled(pix2, pixa, 1.0, 0, 25, 32);
pixSaveTiled(pix3, pixa, 1.0, 1, 25, 32);
pixSaveTiled(pix4, pixa, 1.0, 0, 25, 32);
pixd = pixaDisplay(pixa, 0, 0);
pixDisplay(pixd, 100, 500);
pixWrite("/tmp/lept/numa_extract.png", pixd, IFF_PNG);
numaDestroy(&na1);
numaDestroy(&na2);
numaDestroy(&na3);
numaDestroy(&na4);
pixaDestroy(&pixa);
pixDestroy(&pix1);
pixDestroy(&pix2);
pixDestroy(&pix3);
pixDestroy(&pix4);
pixDestroy(&pix5);
pixDestroy(&pixs);
pixDestroy(&pixg);
pixDestroy(&pixd);
#endif
/* -------------------------------------------------------------------*
* Row and column pixel sums *
* -------------------------------------------------------------------*/
#if DO_ALL
/* Sum by columns in two halves (left and right) */
pixs = pixRead("test8.jpg");
pixGetDimensions(pixs, &w, &h, NULL);
box1 = boxCreate(0, 0, w / 2, h);
box2 = boxCreate(w / 2, 0, w - 2 / 2, h);
na1 = pixAverageByColumn(pixs, box1, L_BLACK_IS_MAX);
na2 = pixAverageByColumn(pixs, box2, L_BLACK_IS_MAX);
numaJoin(na1, na2, 0, -1);
na3 = pixAverageByColumn(pixs, NULL, L_BLACK_IS_MAX);
numaSimilar(na1, na3, 0.0, &same);
if (same)
fprintf(stderr, "Same for columns\n");
else
fprintf(stderr, "Error for columns\n");
pix = pixConvertTo32(pixs);
pixRenderPlotFromNumaGen(&pix, na3, L_HORIZONTAL_LINE, 3, h / 2, 80, 1,
0xff000000);
pixRenderPlotFromNuma(&pix, na3, L_PLOT_AT_BOT, 3, 80, 0xff000000);
boxDestroy(&box1);
boxDestroy(&box2);
numaDestroy(&na1);
numaDestroy(&na2);
numaDestroy(&na3);
/* Sum by rows in two halves (top and bottom) */
box1 = boxCreate(0, 0, w, h / 2);
box2 = boxCreate(0, h / 2, w, h - h / 2);
na1 = pixAverageByRow(pixs, box1, L_WHITE_IS_MAX);
na2 = pixAverageByRow(pixs, box2, L_WHITE_IS_MAX);
numaJoin(na1, na2, 0, -1);
na3 = pixAverageByRow(pixs, NULL, L_WHITE_IS_MAX);
numaSimilar(na1, na3, 0.0, &same);
if (same)
fprintf(stderr, "Same for rows\n");
else
fprintf(stderr, "Error for rows\n");
pixRenderPlotFromNumaGen(&pix, na3, L_VERTICAL_LINE, 3, w / 2, 80, 1,
0x00ff0000);
pixRenderPlotFromNuma(&pix, na3, L_PLOT_AT_RIGHT, 3, 80, 0x00ff0000);
pixDisplay(pix, 500, 200);
boxDestroy(&box1);
boxDestroy(&box2);
numaDestroy(&na1);
numaDestroy(&na2);
numaDestroy(&na3);
pixDestroy(&pix);
/* Average left by rows; right by columns; compare totals */
box1 = boxCreate(0, 0, w / 2, h);
box2 = boxCreate(w / 2, 0, w - 2 / 2, h);
na1 = pixAverageByRow(pixs, box1, L_WHITE_IS_MAX);
na2 = pixAverageByColumn(pixs, box2, L_WHITE_IS_MAX);
numaGetSum(na1, &sum1); /* sum of averages of left box */
numaGetSum(na2, &sum2); /* sum of averages of right box */
ave1 = sum1 / h;
ave2 = 2.0 * sum2 / w;
ave3 = 0.5 * (ave1 + ave2); /* average over both halves */
fprintf(stderr, "ave1 = %8.4f\n", sum1 / h);
fprintf(stderr, "ave2 = %8.4f\n", 2.0 * sum2 / w);
pixAverageInRect(pixs, NULL, &ave4); /* entire image */
diff1 = ave4 - ave3;
diff2 = w * h * ave4 - (0.5 * w * sum1 + h * sum2);
if (diff1 < 0.001)
fprintf(stderr, "Average diffs are correct\n");
else
fprintf(stderr, "Average diffs are wrong: diff1 = %7.5f\n", diff1);
if (diff2 < 20) /* float-to-integer roundoff */
fprintf(stderr, "Pixel sums are correct\n");
else
fprintf(stderr, "Pixel sums are in error: diff = %7.0f\n", diff2);
/* Variance left and right halves. Variance doesn't average
* in a simple way, unlike pixel sums. */
pixVarianceInRect(pixs, box1, &var1); /* entire image */
pixVarianceInRect(pixs, box2, &var2); /* entire image */
pixVarianceInRect(pixs, NULL, &var3); /* entire image */
fprintf(stderr, "0.5 * (var1 + var2) = %7.3f, var3 = %7.3f\n",
0.5 * (var1 + var2), var3);
boxDestroy(&box1);
boxDestroy(&box2);
numaDestroy(&na1);
numaDestroy(&na2);
#endif
/* -------------------------------------------------------------------*
* Row and column variances *
* -------------------------------------------------------------------*/
#if DO_ALL
/* Display variance by rows and columns */
box1 = boxCreate(415, 0, 130, 425);
boxGetGeometry(box1, NULL, NULL, &bw, &bh);
na1 = pixVarianceByRow(pixs, box1);
na2 = pixVarianceByColumn(pixs, box1);
pix = pixConvertTo32(pixs);
pix1 = pixCopy(NULL, pix);
pixRenderPlotFromNumaGen(&pix, na1, L_VERTICAL_LINE, 3, 415, 100, 1,
0xff000000);
pixRenderPlotFromNumaGen(&pix, na2, L_HORIZONTAL_LINE, 3, bh / 2, 100, 1,
0x00ff0000);
pixRenderPlotFromNuma(&pix1, na1, L_PLOT_AT_LEFT, 3, 60, 0x00ff0000);
pixRenderPlotFromNuma(&pix1, na1, L_PLOT_AT_MID_VERT, 3, 60, 0x0000ff00);
pixRenderPlotFromNuma(&pix1, na1, L_PLOT_AT_RIGHT, 3, 60, 0xff000000);
pixRenderPlotFromNuma(&pix1, na2, L_PLOT_AT_TOP, 3, 60, 0x0000ff00);
pixRenderPlotFromNuma(&pix1, na2, L_PLOT_AT_MID_HORIZ, 3, 60, 0xff000000);
pixRenderPlotFromNuma(&pix1, na2, L_PLOT_AT_BOT, 3, 60, 0x00ff0000);
pixDisplay(pix, 500, 900);
pixDisplay(pix1, 500, 1000);
boxDestroy(&box1);
numaDestroy(&na1);
numaDestroy(&na2);
pixDestroy(&pix);
pixDestroy(&pix1);
pixDestroy(&pixs);
/* Again on a different image */
pix1 = pixRead("boxedpage.jpg");
pix2 = pixConvertTo8(pix1, 0);
pixGetDimensions(pix2, &w, &h, NULL);
na1 = pixVarianceByRow(pix2, NULL);
pix3 = pixConvertTo32(pix1);
pixRenderPlotFromNumaGen(&pix3, na1, L_VERTICAL_LINE, 3, 0, 70, 1,
0xff000000);
na2 = pixVarianceByColumn(pix2, NULL);
pixRenderPlotFromNumaGen(&pix3, na2, L_HORIZONTAL_LINE, 3, bh - 1, 70, 1,
0x00ff0000);
pixDisplay(pix3, 1000, 0);
numaDestroy(&na1);
numaDestroy(&na2);
pixDestroy(&pix3);
/* Again, with an erosion */
pix3 = pixErodeGray(pix2, 3, 21);
pixDisplay(pix3, 1400, 0);
na1 = pixVarianceByRow(pix3, NULL);
pix4 = pixConvertTo32(pix1);
pixRenderPlotFromNumaGen(&pix4, na1, L_VERTICAL_LINE, 3, 30, 70, 1,
0xff000000);
na2 = pixVarianceByColumn(pix3, NULL);
pixRenderPlotFromNumaGen(&pix4, na2, L_HORIZONTAL_LINE, 3, bh - 1, 70, 1,
0x00ff0000);
pixDisplay(pix4, 1000, 550);
numaDestroy(&na1);
numaDestroy(&na2);
pixDestroy(&pix1);
pixDestroy(&pix2);
pixDestroy(&pix3);
pixDestroy(&pix4);
#endif
/* -------------------------------------------------------------------*
* Windowed variance along a line *
* -------------------------------------------------------------------*/
#if DO_ALL
pix1 = pixRead("boxedpage.jpg");
pix2 = pixConvertTo8(pix1, 0);
pixGetDimensions(pix2, &w, &h, NULL);
pix3 = pixCopy(NULL, pix1);
/* Plot along horizontal line */
pixWindowedVarianceOnLine(pix2, L_HORIZONTAL_LINE, h / 2 - 30, 0,
w, 5, &na1);
pixRenderPlotFromNumaGen(&pix1, na1, L_HORIZONTAL_LINE, 3, h / 2 - 30,
80, 1, 0xff000000);
pixRenderPlotFromNuma(&pix3, na1, L_PLOT_AT_TOP, 3, 60, 0x00ff0000);
pixRenderPlotFromNuma(&pix3, na1, L_PLOT_AT_BOT, 3, 60, 0x0000ff00);
/* Plot along vertical line */
pixWindowedVarianceOnLine(pix2, L_VERTICAL_LINE, 0.78 * w, 0,
h, 5, &na2);
pixRenderPlotFromNumaGen(&pix1, na2, L_VERTICAL_LINE, 3, 0.78 * w, 60,
1, 0x00ff0000);
pixRenderPlotFromNuma(&pix3, na2, L_PLOT_AT_LEFT, 3, 60, 0xff000000);
pixRenderPlotFromNuma(&pix3, na2, L_PLOT_AT_RIGHT, 3, 60, 0x00ff0000);
pixDisplay(pix1, 1000, 1000);
pixDisplay(pix3, 1500, 1000);
pixDestroy(&pix1);
pixDestroy(&pix2);
pixDestroy(&pix3);
numaDestroy(&na1);
numaDestroy(&na2);
#endif
return 0;
}
/*!
* pixRankFilterGray()
*
* Input: pixs (8 bpp; no colormap)
* wf, hf (width and height of filter; each is >= 1)
* rank (in [0.0 ... 1.0])
* Return: pixd (of rank values), or null on error
*
* Notes:
* (1) This defines, for each pixel in pixs, a neighborhood of
* pixels given by a rectangle "centered" on the pixel.
* This set of wf*hf pixels has a distribution of values,
* and if they are sorted in increasing order, we choose
* the pixel such that rank*(wf*hf-1) pixels have a lower
* or equal value and (1-rank)*(wf*hf-1) pixels have an equal
* or greater value.
* (2) By this definition, the rank = 0.0 pixel has the lowest
* value, and the rank = 1.0 pixel has the highest value.
* (3) We add mirrored boundary pixels to avoid boundary effects,
* and put the filter center at (0, 0).
* (4) This dispatches to grayscale erosion or dilation if the
* filter dimensions are odd and the rank is 0.0 or 1.0, rsp.
* (5) Returns a copy if both wf and hf are 1.
* (6) Uses row-major or column-major incremental updates to the
* histograms depending on whether hf > wf or hv <= wf, rsp.
*/
PIX *
pixRankFilterGray(PIX *pixs,
l_int32 wf,
l_int32 hf,
l_float32 rank)
{
l_int32 w, h, d, i, j, k, m, n, rankloc, wplt, wpld, val, sum;
l_int32 *histo, *histo16;
l_uint32 *datat, *linet, *datad, *lined;
PIX *pixt, *pixd;
PROCNAME("pixRankFilterGray");
if (!pixs)
return (PIX *)ERROR_PTR("pixs not defined", procName, NULL);
if (pixGetColormap(pixs) != NULL)
return (PIX *)ERROR_PTR("pixs has colormap", procName, NULL);
pixGetDimensions(pixs, &w, &h, &d);
if (d != 8)
return (PIX *)ERROR_PTR("pixs not 8 bpp", procName, NULL);
if (wf < 1 || hf < 1)
return (PIX *)ERROR_PTR("wf < 1 || hf < 1", procName, NULL);
if (rank < 0.0 || rank > 1.0)
return (PIX *)ERROR_PTR("rank must be in [0.0, 1.0]", procName, NULL);
if (wf == 1 && hf == 1) /* no-op */
return pixCopy(NULL, pixs);
/* For rank = 0.0, this is a grayscale erosion, and for rank = 1.0,
* a dilation. Grayscale morphology operations are implemented
* for filters of odd dimension, so we dispatch to grayscale
* morphology if both wf and hf are odd. Otherwise, we
* slightly adjust the rank (to get the correct behavior) and
* use the slower rank filter here. */
if (wf % 2 && hf % 2) {
if (rank == 0.0)
return pixErodeGray(pixs, wf, hf);
else if (rank == 1.0)
return pixDilateGray(pixs, wf, hf);
}
if (rank == 0.0) rank = 0.0001;
if (rank == 1.0) rank = 0.9999;
/* Add wf/2 to each side, and hf/2 to top and bottom of the
* image, mirroring for accuracy and to avoid special-casing
* the boundary. */
if ((pixt = pixAddMirroredBorder(pixs, wf / 2, wf / 2, hf / 2, hf / 2))
== NULL)
return (PIX *)ERROR_PTR("pixt not made", procName, NULL);
/* Set up the two histogram arrays. */
histo = (l_int32 *)CALLOC(256, sizeof(l_int32));
histo16 = (l_int32 *)CALLOC(16, sizeof(l_int32));
rankloc = (l_int32)(rank * wf * hf);
/* Place the filter center at (0, 0). This is just a
* convenient location, because it allows us to perform
* the rank filter over x:(0 ... w - 1) and y:(0 ... h - 1). */
pixd = pixCreateTemplate(pixs);
datat = pixGetData(pixt);
wplt = pixGetWpl(pixt);
datad = pixGetData(pixd);
wpld = pixGetWpl(pixd);
/* If hf > wf, it's more efficient to use row-major scanning.
* Otherwise, traverse the image in use column-major order. */
if (hf > wf) {
for (j = 0; j < w; j++) { /* row-major */
/* Start each column with clean histogram arrays. */
for (n = 0; n < 256; n++)
histo[n] = 0;
for (n = 0; n < 16; n++)
histo16[n] = 0;
for (i = 0; i < h; i++) { /* fast scan on columns */
/* Update the histos for the new location */
lined = datad + i * wpld;
if (i == 0) { /* do full histo */
for (k = 0; k < hf; k++) {
linet = datat + (i + k) * wplt;
for (m = 0; m < wf; m++) {
val = GET_DATA_BYTE(linet, j + m);
histo[val]++;
histo16[val >> 4]++;
}
}
} else { /* incremental update */
linet = datat + (i - 1) * wplt;
for (m = 0; m < wf; m++) { /* remove top line */
val = GET_DATA_BYTE(linet, j + m);
histo[val]--;
histo16[val >> 4]--;
}
linet = datat + (i + hf - 1) * wplt;
for (m = 0; m < wf; m++) { /* add bottom line */
val = GET_DATA_BYTE(linet, j + m);
histo[val]++;
histo16[val >> 4]++;
}
}
/* Find the rank value */
sum = 0;
for (n = 0; n < 16; n++) { /* search over coarse histo */
sum += histo16[n];
if (sum > rankloc) {
sum -= histo16[n];
break;
}
}
k = 16 * n; /* starting value in fine histo */
for (m = 0; m < 16; m++) {
sum += histo[k];
if (sum > rankloc) {
SET_DATA_BYTE(lined, j, k);
break;
}
k++;
}
}
}
} else { /* wf >= hf */
int main(int argc,
char **argv)
{
char *filein;
l_float32 angle, conf, deg2rad;
PIX *pixs, *pix1, *pix2, *pix3, *pix4, *pix5;
PIX *pix6, *pix7, *pix8, *pix9;
static char mainName[] = "lineremoval";
if (argc != 2)
return ERROR_INT(" Syntax: lineremoval filein", mainName, 1);
filein = argv[1];
deg2rad = 3.14159 / 180.;
if ((pixs = pixRead(filein)) == NULL)
return ERROR_INT("pix not made", mainName, 1);
/* threshold to binary, extracting much of the lines */
pix1 = pixThresholdToBinary(pixs, 170);
pixWrite("/tmp/dave-proc1.png", pix1, IFF_PNG);
pixDisplayWrite(pix1, 1);
/* find the skew angle and deskew using an interpolated
* rotator for anti-aliasing (to avoid jaggies) */
pixFindSkew(pix1, &angle, &conf);
pix2 = pixRotateAMGray(pixs, deg2rad * angle, 255);
pixWrite("/tmp/dave-proc2.png", pix2, IFF_PNG);
pixDisplayWrite(pix2, 1);
/* extract the lines to be removed */
pix3 = pixCloseGray(pix2, 51, 1);
pixWrite("/tmp/dave-proc3.png", pix3, IFF_PNG);
pixDisplayWrite(pix3, 1);
/* solidify the lines to be removed */
pix4 = pixErodeGray(pix3, 1, 5);
pixWrite("/tmp/dave-proc4.png", pix4, IFF_PNG);
pixDisplayWrite(pix4, 1);
/* clean the background of those lines */
pix5 = pixThresholdToValue(NULL, pix4, 210, 255);
pixWrite("/tmp/dave-proc5.png", pix5, IFF_PNG);
pixDisplayWrite(pix5, 1);
pix6 = pixThresholdToValue(NULL, pix5, 200, 0);
pixWrite("/tmp/dave-proc6.png", pix6, IFF_PNG);
pixDisplayWrite(pix6, 1);
/* get paint-through mask for changed pixels */
pix7 = pixThresholdToBinary(pix6, 210);
pixWrite("/tmp/dave-proc7.png", pix7, IFF_PNG);
pixDisplayWrite(pix7, 1);
/* add the inverted, cleaned lines to orig. Because
* the background was cleaned, the inversion is 0,
* so when you add, it doesn't lighten those pixels.
* It only lightens (to white) the pixels in the lines! */
pixInvert(pix6, pix6);
pix8 = pixAddGray(NULL, pix2, pix6);
pixWrite("/tmp/dave-proc8.png", pix8, IFF_PNG);
pixDisplayWrite(pix8, 1);
pix9 = pixOpenGray(pix8, 1, 9);
pixWrite("/tmp/dave-proc9.png", pix9, IFF_PNG);
pixDisplayWrite(pix9, 1);
pixCombineMasked(pix8, pix9, pix7);
pixWrite("/tmp/dave-result.png", pix8, IFF_PNG);
pixDisplayWrite(pix8, 1);
pixDisplayMultiple("/tmp/display/file*");
return 0;
}
main(int argc,
char **argv)
{
PIX *pixs, *pixt1, *pixt2, *pixd;
PIXA *pixa;
L_REGPARAMS *rp;
if (regTestSetup(argc, argv, &rp))
return 1;
pixs = pixRead("test8.jpg");
/* Dilation */
pixa = pixaCreate(0);
pixSaveTiled(pixs, pixa, 1, 1, 20, 8);
pixt1 = pixDilateGray3(pixs, 3, 1);
pixSaveTiled(pixt1, pixa, 1, 1, 20, 8);
pixt2 = pixDilateGray(pixs, 3, 1);
pixSaveTiled(pixt2, pixa, 1, 0, 20, 8);
regTestComparePix(rp, pixt1, pixt2); /* 0 */
pixDestroy(&pixt1);
pixDestroy(&pixt2);
pixt1 = pixDilateGray3(pixs, 1, 3);
pixSaveTiled(pixt1, pixa, 1, 1, 20, 8);
pixt2 = pixDilateGray(pixs, 1, 3);
pixSaveTiled(pixt2, pixa, 1, 0, 20, 8);
regTestComparePix(rp, pixt1, pixt2); /* 1 */
pixDestroy(&pixt1);
pixDestroy(&pixt2);
pixt1 = pixDilateGray3(pixs, 3, 3);
pixSaveTiled(pixt1, pixa, 1, 1, 20, 8);
pixt2 = pixDilateGray(pixs, 3, 3);
pixSaveTiled(pixt2, pixa, 1, 0, 20, 8);
regTestComparePix(rp, pixt1, pixt2); /* 2 */
pixDestroy(&pixt1);
pixDestroy(&pixt2);
pixd = pixaDisplay(pixa, 0, 0);
pixDisplayWithTitle(pixd, 0, 100, "Dilation", rp->display);
pixDestroy(&pixd);
pixaDestroy(&pixa);
/* Erosion */
pixa = pixaCreate(0);
pixSaveTiled(pixs, pixa, 1, 1, 20, 8);
pixt1 = pixErodeGray3(pixs, 3, 1);
pixSaveTiled(pixt1, pixa, 1, 1, 20, 8);
pixt2 = pixErodeGray(pixs, 3, 1);
pixSaveTiled(pixt2, pixa, 1, 0, 20, 8);
regTestComparePix(rp, pixt1, pixt2); /* 3 */
pixDestroy(&pixt1);
pixDestroy(&pixt2);
pixt1 = pixErodeGray3(pixs, 1, 3);
pixSaveTiled(pixt1, pixa, 1, 1, 20, 8);
pixt2 = pixErodeGray(pixs, 1, 3);
pixSaveTiled(pixt2, pixa, 1, 0, 20, 8);
regTestComparePix(rp, pixt1, pixt2); /* 4 */
pixDestroy(&pixt1);
pixDestroy(&pixt2);
pixt1 = pixErodeGray3(pixs, 3, 3);
pixSaveTiled(pixt1, pixa, 1, 1, 20, 8);
pixt2 = pixErodeGray(pixs, 3, 3);
pixSaveTiled(pixt2, pixa, 1, 0, 20, 8);
regTestComparePix(rp, pixt1, pixt2); /* 5 */
pixDestroy(&pixt1);
pixDestroy(&pixt2);
pixd = pixaDisplay(pixa, 0, 0);
pixDisplayWithTitle(pixd, 250, 100, "Erosion", rp->display);
pixDestroy(&pixd);
pixaDestroy(&pixa);
/* Opening */
pixa = pixaCreate(0);
pixSaveTiled(pixs, pixa, 1, 1, 20, 8);
pixt1 = pixOpenGray3(pixs, 3, 1);
pixSaveTiled(pixt1, pixa, 1, 1, 20, 8);
pixt2 = pixOpenGray(pixs, 3, 1);
pixSaveTiled(pixt2, pixa, 1, 0, 20, 8);
regTestComparePix(rp, pixt1, pixt2); /* 6 */
pixDestroy(&pixt1);
pixDestroy(&pixt2);
pixt1 = pixOpenGray3(pixs, 1, 3);
pixSaveTiled(pixt1, pixa, 1, 1, 20, 8);
pixt2 = pixOpenGray(pixs, 1, 3);
pixSaveTiled(pixt2, pixa, 1, 0, 20, 8);
regTestComparePix(rp, pixt1, pixt2); /* 7 */
pixDestroy(&pixt1);
pixDestroy(&pixt2);
pixt1 = pixOpenGray3(pixs, 3, 3);
pixSaveTiled(pixt1, pixa, 1, 1, 20, 8);
pixt2 = pixOpenGray(pixs, 3, 3);
pixSaveTiled(pixt2, pixa, 1, 0, 20, 8);
regTestComparePix(rp, pixt1, pixt2); /* 8 */
pixDestroy(&pixt1);
pixDestroy(&pixt2);
pixd = pixaDisplay(pixa, 0, 0);
pixDisplayWithTitle(pixd, 500, 100, "Opening", rp->display);
pixDestroy(&pixd);
pixaDestroy(&pixa);
/* Closing */
pixa = pixaCreate(0);
pixSaveTiled(pixs, pixa, 1, 1, 20, 8);
pixt1 = pixCloseGray3(pixs, 3, 1);
pixSaveTiled(pixt1, pixa, 1, 1, 20, 8);
pixt2 = pixCloseGray(pixs, 3, 1);
pixSaveTiled(pixt2, pixa, 1, 0, 20, 8);
regTestComparePix(rp, pixt1, pixt2); /* 9 */
pixDestroy(&pixt1);
pixDestroy(&pixt2);
pixt1 = pixCloseGray3(pixs, 1, 3);
pixSaveTiled(pixt1, pixa, 1, 1, 20, 8);
pixt2 = pixCloseGray(pixs, 1, 3);
pixSaveTiled(pixt2, pixa, 1, 0, 20, 8);
regTestComparePix(rp, pixt1, pixt2); /* 10 */
pixDestroy(&pixt1);
pixDestroy(&pixt2);
pixt1 = pixCloseGray3(pixs, 3, 3);
pixSaveTiled(pixt1, pixa, 1, 1, 20, 8);
pixt2 = pixCloseGray(pixs, 3, 3);
pixSaveTiled(pixt2, pixa, 1, 0, 20, 8);
regTestComparePix(rp, pixt1, pixt2); /* 11 */
pixDestroy(&pixt1);
pixDestroy(&pixt2);
pixd = pixaDisplay(pixa, 0, 0);
pixDisplayWithTitle(pixd, 750, 100, "Closing", rp->display);
pixDestroy(&pixd);
pixaDestroy(&pixa);
pixDestroy(&pixs);
return regTestCleanup(rp);
}
// Degrade the pix as if by a print/copy/scan cycle with exposure > 0
// corresponding to darkening on the copier and <0 lighter and 0 not copied.
// Exposures in [-2,2] are most useful, with -3 and 3 being extreme.
// If rotation is NULL, rotation is skipped. If *rotation is non-zero, the pix
// is rotated by *rotation else it is randomly rotated and *rotation is
// modified.
//
// HOW IT WORKS:
// Most of the process is really dictated by the fact that the minimum
// available convolution is 3X3, which is too big really to simulate a
// good quality print/scan process. (2X2 would be better.)
// 1 pixel wide inputs are heavily smeared by the 3X3 convolution, making the
// images generally biased to being too light, so most of the work is to make
// them darker. 3 levels of thickening/darkening are achieved with 2 dilations,
// (using a greyscale erosion) one heavy (by being before convolution) and one
// light (after convolution).
// With no dilation, after covolution, the images are so light that a heavy
// constant offset is required to make the 0 image look reasonable. A simple
// constant offset multiple of exposure to undo this value is enough to achieve
// all the required lightening. This gives the advantage that exposure level 1
// with a single dilation gives a good impression of the broken-yet-too-dark
// problem that is often seen in scans.
// A small random rotation gives some varying greyscale values on the edges,
// and some random salt and pepper noise on top helps to realistically jaggy-up
// the edges.
// Finally a greyscale ramp provides a continuum of effects between exposure
// levels.
Pix* DegradeImage(Pix* input, int exposure, TRand* randomizer,
float* rotation) {
Pix* pix = pixConvertTo8(input, false);
pixDestroy(&input);
input = pix;
int width = pixGetWidth(input);
int height = pixGetHeight(input);
if (exposure >= 2) {
// An erosion simulates the spreading darkening of a dark copy.
// This is backwards to binary morphology,
// see http://www.leptonica.com/grayscale-morphology.html
pix = input;
input = pixErodeGray(pix, 3, 3);
pixDestroy(&pix);
}
// A convolution is essential to any mode as no scanner produces an
// image as sharp as the electronic image.
pix = pixBlockconv(input, 1, 1);
pixDestroy(&input);
// A small random rotation helps to make the edges jaggy in a realistic way.
if (rotation != NULL) {
float radians_clockwise = 0.0f;
if (*rotation) {
radians_clockwise = *rotation;
} else if (randomizer != NULL) {
radians_clockwise = randomizer->SignedRand(kRotationRange);
}
input = pixRotate(pix, radians_clockwise,
L_ROTATE_AREA_MAP, L_BRING_IN_WHITE,
0, 0);
// Rotate the boxes to match.
*rotation = radians_clockwise;
pixDestroy(&pix);
} else {
input = pix;
}
if (exposure >= 3 || exposure == 1) {
// Erosion after the convolution is not as heavy as before, so it is
// good for level 1 and in addition as a level 3.
// This is backwards to binary morphology,
// see http://www.leptonica.com/grayscale-morphology.html
pix = input;
input = pixErodeGray(pix, 3, 3);
pixDestroy(&pix);
}
// The convolution really needed to be 2x2 to be realistic enough, but
// we only have 3x3, so we have to bias the image darker or lose thin
// strokes.
int erosion_offset = 0;
// For light and 0 exposure, there is no dilation, so compensate for the
// convolution with a big darkening bias which is undone for lighter
// exposures.
if (exposure <= 0)
erosion_offset = -3 * kExposureFactor;
// Add in a general offset of the greyscales for the exposure level so
// a threshold of 128 gives a reasonable binary result.
erosion_offset -= exposure * kExposureFactor;
// Add a gradual fade over the page and a small amount of salt and pepper
// noise to simulate noise in the sensor/paper fibres and varying
// illumination.
l_uint32* data = pixGetData(input);
for (int y = 0; y < height; ++y) {
for (int x = 0; x < width; ++x) {
int pixel = GET_DATA_BYTE(data, x);
if (randomizer != NULL)
pixel += randomizer->IntRand() % (kSaltnPepper*2 + 1) - kSaltnPepper;
if (height + width > kMinRampSize)
pixel -= (2*x + y) * 32 / (height + width);
pixel += erosion_offset;
if (pixel < 0)
pixel = 0;
if (pixel > 255)
pixel = 255;
SET_DATA_BYTE(data, x, pixel);
}
data += input->wpl;
}
return input;
}
int main(int argc,
char **argv)
{
l_int32 i, j;
l_int32 w, h, bw, bh, wpls, rval, gval, bval, same;
l_uint32 pixel;
l_uint32 *lines, *datas;
l_float32 sum1, sum2, ave1, ave2, ave3, ave4, diff1, diff2;
l_float32 var1, var2, var3;
BOX *box1, *box2;
NUMA *na, *na1, *na2, *na3, *na4;
PIX *pix, *pixs, *pix1, *pix2, *pix3, *pix4, *pix5, *pixg, *pixd;
PIXA *pixa;
L_REGPARAMS *rp;
if (regTestSetup(argc, argv, &rp))
return 1;
lept_mkdir("lept/numa2");
/* -------------------------------------------------------------------*
* Numa-windowed stats *
* -------------------------------------------------------------------*/
na = numaRead("lyra.5.na");
numaWindowedStats(na, 5, &na1, &na2, &na3, &na4);
gplotSimple1(na, GPLOT_PNG, "/tmp/lept/numa2/lyra1", "Original");
gplotSimple1(na1, GPLOT_PNG, "/tmp/lept/numa2/lyra2", "Mean");
gplotSimple1(na2, GPLOT_PNG, "/tmp/lept/numa2/lyra3", "Mean Square");
gplotSimple1(na3, GPLOT_PNG, "/tmp/lept/numa2/lyra4", "Variance");
gplotSimple1(na4, GPLOT_PNG, "/tmp/lept/numa2/lyra5", "RMS Difference");
pix1 = pixRead("/tmp/lept/numa2/lyra1.png");
pix2 = pixRead("/tmp/lept/numa2/lyra2.png");
pix3 = pixRead("/tmp/lept/numa2/lyra3.png");
pix4 = pixRead("/tmp/lept/numa2/lyra4.png");
pix5 = pixRead("/tmp/lept/numa2/lyra5.png");
regTestWritePixAndCheck(rp, pix1, IFF_PNG); /* 0 */
regTestWritePixAndCheck(rp, pix2, IFF_PNG); /* 1 */
regTestWritePixAndCheck(rp, pix3, IFF_PNG); /* 2 */
regTestWritePixAndCheck(rp, pix4, IFF_PNG); /* 3 */
regTestWritePixAndCheck(rp, pix5, IFF_PNG); /* 4 */
pixa = pixaCreate(5);
pixaAddPix(pixa, pix1, L_INSERT);
pixaAddPix(pixa, pix2, L_INSERT);
pixaAddPix(pixa, pix3, L_INSERT);
pixaAddPix(pixa, pix4, L_INSERT);
pixaAddPix(pixa, pix5, L_INSERT);
if (rp->display) {
pixd = pixaDisplayTiledInRows(pixa, 32, 1500, 1.0, 0, 20, 2);
pixDisplayWithTitle(pixd, 0, 0, NULL, 1);
pixDestroy(&pixd);
}
pixaDestroy(&pixa);
numaDestroy(&na);
numaDestroy(&na1);
numaDestroy(&na2);
numaDestroy(&na3);
numaDestroy(&na4);
/* -------------------------------------------------------------------*
* Extraction on a line *
* -------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* First, make a pretty image */
w = h = 200;
pixs = pixCreate(w, h, 32);
wpls = pixGetWpl(pixs);
datas = pixGetData(pixs);
for (i = 0; i < 200; i++) {
lines = datas + i * wpls;
for (j = 0; j < 200; j++) {
rval = (l_int32)((255. * j) / w + (255. * i) / h);
gval = (l_int32)((255. * 2 * j) / w + (255. * 2 * i) / h) % 255;
bval = (l_int32)((255. * 4 * j) / w + (255. * 4 * i) / h) % 255;
composeRGBPixel(rval, gval, bval, &pixel);
lines[j] = pixel;
}
}
pixg = pixConvertTo8(pixs, 0); /* and a grayscale version */
regTestWritePixAndCheck(rp, pixg, IFF_PNG); /* 5 */
pixDisplayWithTitle(pixg, 0, 300, NULL, rp->display);
na1 = pixExtractOnLine(pixg, 20, 20, 180, 20, 1);
na2 = pixExtractOnLine(pixg, 40, 30, 40, 170, 1);
na3 = pixExtractOnLine(pixg, 20, 170, 180, 30, 1);
na4 = pixExtractOnLine(pixg, 20, 190, 180, 10, 1);
gplotSimple1(na1, GPLOT_PNG, "/tmp/lept/numa2/ext1", "Horizontal");
gplotSimple1(na2, GPLOT_PNG, "/tmp/lept/numa2/ext2", "Vertical");
gplotSimple1(na3, GPLOT_PNG, "/tmp/lept/numa2/ext3",
"Slightly more horizontal than vertical");
gplotSimple1(na4, GPLOT_PNG, "/tmp/lept/numa2/ext4",
"Slightly more vertical than horizontal");
pix1 = pixRead("/tmp/lept/numa2/ext1.png");
pix2 = pixRead("/tmp/lept/numa2/ext2.png");
pix3 = pixRead("/tmp/lept/numa2/ext3.png");
pix4 = pixRead("/tmp/lept/numa2/ext4.png");
regTestWritePixAndCheck(rp, pix1, IFF_PNG); /* 6 */
regTestWritePixAndCheck(rp, pix2, IFF_PNG); /* 7 */
regTestWritePixAndCheck(rp, pix3, IFF_PNG); /* 8 */
regTestWritePixAndCheck(rp, pix4, IFF_PNG); /* 9 */
pixa = pixaCreate(4);
pixaAddPix(pixa, pix1, L_INSERT);
pixaAddPix(pixa, pix2, L_INSERT);
pixaAddPix(pixa, pix3, L_INSERT);
pixaAddPix(pixa, pix4, L_INSERT);
if (rp->display) {
pixd = pixaDisplayTiledInRows(pixa, 32, 1500, 1.0, 0, 20, 2);
pixDisplayWithTitle(pixd, 300, 0, NULL, 1);
pixDestroy(&pixd);
}
pixaDestroy(&pixa);
pixDestroy(&pixg);
pixDestroy(&pixs);
numaDestroy(&na1);
numaDestroy(&na2);
numaDestroy(&na3);
numaDestroy(&na4);
/* -------------------------------------------------------------------*
* Row and column pixel sums *
* -------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Sum by columns in two halves (left and right) */
pixs = pixRead("test8.jpg");
pixGetDimensions(pixs, &w, &h, NULL);
box1 = boxCreate(0, 0, w / 2, h);
box2 = boxCreate(w / 2, 0, w - 2 / 2, h);
na1 = pixAverageByColumn(pixs, box1, L_BLACK_IS_MAX);
na2 = pixAverageByColumn(pixs, box2, L_BLACK_IS_MAX);
numaJoin(na1, na2, 0, -1);
na3 = pixAverageByColumn(pixs, NULL, L_BLACK_IS_MAX);
numaSimilar(na1, na3, 0.0, &same); /* for columns */
regTestCompareValues(rp, 1, same, 0); /* 10 */
pix1 = pixConvertTo32(pixs);
pixRenderPlotFromNumaGen(&pix1, na3, L_HORIZONTAL_LINE, 3, h / 2, 80, 1,
0xff000000);
pixRenderPlotFromNuma(&pix1, na3, L_PLOT_AT_BOT, 3, 80, 0xff000000);
boxDestroy(&box1);
boxDestroy(&box2);
numaDestroy(&na1);
numaDestroy(&na2);
numaDestroy(&na3);
/* Sum by rows in two halves (top and bottom) */
box1 = boxCreate(0, 0, w, h / 2);
box2 = boxCreate(0, h / 2, w, h - h / 2);
na1 = pixAverageByRow(pixs, box1, L_WHITE_IS_MAX);
na2 = pixAverageByRow(pixs, box2, L_WHITE_IS_MAX);
numaJoin(na1, na2, 0, -1);
na3 = pixAverageByRow(pixs, NULL, L_WHITE_IS_MAX);
numaSimilar(na1, na3, 0.0, &same); /* for rows */
regTestCompareValues(rp, 1, same, 0); /* 11 */
pixRenderPlotFromNumaGen(&pix1, na3, L_VERTICAL_LINE, 3, w / 2, 80, 1,
0x00ff0000);
pixRenderPlotFromNuma(&pix1, na3, L_PLOT_AT_RIGHT, 3, 80, 0x00ff0000);
regTestWritePixAndCheck(rp, pix1, IFF_PNG); /* 12 */
pixDisplayWithTitle(pix1, 0, 600, NULL, rp->display);
pixDestroy(&pix1);
boxDestroy(&box1);
boxDestroy(&box2);
numaDestroy(&na1);
numaDestroy(&na2);
numaDestroy(&na3);
/* Average left by rows; right by columns; compare totals */
box1 = boxCreate(0, 0, w / 2, h);
box2 = boxCreate(w / 2, 0, w - 2 / 2, h);
na1 = pixAverageByRow(pixs, box1, L_WHITE_IS_MAX);
na2 = pixAverageByColumn(pixs, box2, L_WHITE_IS_MAX);
numaGetSum(na1, &sum1); /* sum of averages of left box */
numaGetSum(na2, &sum2); /* sum of averages of right box */
ave1 = sum1 / h;
ave2 = 2.0 * sum2 / w;
ave3 = 0.5 * (ave1 + ave2); /* average over both halves */
regTestCompareValues(rp, 189.59, ave1, 0.01); /* 13 */
regTestCompareValues(rp, 207.89, ave2, 0.01); /* 14 */
if (rp->display) {
fprintf(stderr, "ave1 = %8.4f\n", sum1 / h);
fprintf(stderr, "ave2 = %8.4f\n", 2.0 * sum2 / w);
}
pixAverageInRect(pixs, NULL, &ave4); /* entire image */
diff1 = ave4 - ave3;
diff2 = w * h * ave4 - (0.5 * w * sum1 + h * sum2);
regTestCompareValues(rp, 0.0, diff1, 0.001); /* 15 */
regTestCompareValues(rp, 10.0, diff2, 10.0); /* 16 */
/* Variance left and right halves. Variance doesn't average
* in a simple way, unlike pixel sums. */
pixVarianceInRect(pixs, box1, &var1); /* entire image */
pixVarianceInRect(pixs, box2, &var2); /* entire image */
pixVarianceInRect(pixs, NULL, &var3); /* entire image */
regTestCompareValues(rp, 82.06, 0.5 * (var1 + var2), 0.01); /* 17 */
regTestCompareValues(rp, 82.66, var3, 0.01); /* 18 */
boxDestroy(&box1);
boxDestroy(&box2);
numaDestroy(&na1);
numaDestroy(&na2);
/* -------------------------------------------------------------------*
* Row and column variances *
* -------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Display variance by rows and columns */
box1 = boxCreate(415, 0, 130, 425);
boxGetGeometry(box1, NULL, NULL, &bw, &bh);
na1 = pixVarianceByRow(pixs, box1);
na2 = pixVarianceByColumn(pixs, box1);
pix1 = pixConvertTo32(pixs);
pix2 = pixCopy(NULL, pix1);
pixRenderPlotFromNumaGen(&pix1, na1, L_VERTICAL_LINE, 3, 415, 100, 1,
0xff000000);
pixRenderPlotFromNumaGen(&pix1, na2, L_HORIZONTAL_LINE, 3, bh / 2, 100, 1,
0x00ff0000);
pixRenderPlotFromNuma(&pix2, na1, L_PLOT_AT_LEFT, 3, 60, 0x00ff0000);
pixRenderPlotFromNuma(&pix2, na1, L_PLOT_AT_MID_VERT, 3, 60, 0x0000ff00);
pixRenderPlotFromNuma(&pix2, na1, L_PLOT_AT_RIGHT, 3, 60, 0xff000000);
pixRenderPlotFromNuma(&pix2, na2, L_PLOT_AT_TOP, 3, 60, 0x0000ff00);
pixRenderPlotFromNuma(&pix2, na2, L_PLOT_AT_MID_HORIZ, 3, 60, 0xff000000);
pixRenderPlotFromNuma(&pix2, na2, L_PLOT_AT_BOT, 3, 60, 0x00ff0000);
regTestWritePixAndCheck(rp, pix1, IFF_PNG); /* 19 */
regTestWritePixAndCheck(rp, pix2, IFF_PNG); /* 20 */
pixa = pixaCreate(2);
pixaAddPix(pixa, pix1, L_INSERT);
pixaAddPix(pixa, pix2, L_INSERT);
if (rp->display) {
pixd = pixaDisplayTiledInRows(pixa, 32, 1500, 1.0, 0, 20, 2);
pixDisplayWithTitle(pixd, 400, 600, NULL, 1);
pixDestroy(&pixd);
}
pixaDestroy(&pixa);
boxDestroy(&box1);
numaDestroy(&na1);
numaDestroy(&na2);
pixDestroy(&pixs);
/* Again on a different image */
pix1 = pixRead("boxedpage.jpg");
pix2 = pixConvertTo8(pix1, 0);
pixGetDimensions(pix2, &w, &h, NULL);
na1 = pixVarianceByRow(pix2, NULL);
pix3 = pixConvertTo32(pix1);
pixRenderPlotFromNumaGen(&pix3, na1, L_VERTICAL_LINE, 3, 0, 70, 1,
0xff000000);
na2 = pixVarianceByColumn(pix2, NULL);
pixRenderPlotFromNumaGen(&pix3, na2, L_HORIZONTAL_LINE, 3, bh - 1, 70, 1,
0x00ff0000);
regTestWritePixAndCheck(rp, pix3, IFF_PNG); /* 21 */
numaDestroy(&na1);
numaDestroy(&na2);
/* Again, with an erosion */
pix4 = pixErodeGray(pix2, 3, 21);
na1 = pixVarianceByRow(pix4, NULL);
pix5 = pixConvertTo32(pix1);
pixRenderPlotFromNumaGen(&pix5, na1, L_VERTICAL_LINE, 3, 30, 70, 1,
0xff000000);
na2 = pixVarianceByColumn(pix4, NULL);
pixRenderPlotFromNumaGen(&pix5, na2, L_HORIZONTAL_LINE, 3, bh - 1, 70, 1,
0x00ff0000);
regTestWritePixAndCheck(rp, pix5, IFF_PNG); /* 22 */
pixa = pixaCreate(2);
pixaAddPix(pixa, pix3, L_INSERT);
pixaAddPix(pixa, pix5, L_INSERT);
if (rp->display) {
pixd = pixaDisplayTiledInRows(pixa, 32, 1500, 1.0, 0, 20, 2);
pixDisplayWithTitle(pixd, 800, 600, NULL, 1);
pixDestroy(&pixd);
}
pixaDestroy(&pixa);
pixDestroy(&pix1);
pixDestroy(&pix2);
pixDestroy(&pix4);
numaDestroy(&na1);
numaDestroy(&na2);
/* -------------------------------------------------------------------*
* Windowed variance along a line *
* -------------------------------------------------------------------*/
pix1 = pixRead("boxedpage.jpg");
pix2 = pixConvertTo8(pix1, 0);
pixGetDimensions(pix2, &w, &h, NULL);
pix3 = pixCopy(NULL, pix1);
/* Plot along horizontal line */
pixWindowedVarianceOnLine(pix2, L_HORIZONTAL_LINE, h / 2 - 30, 0,
w, 5, &na1);
pixRenderPlotFromNumaGen(&pix1, na1, L_HORIZONTAL_LINE, 3, h / 2 - 30,
80, 1, 0xff000000);
pixRenderPlotFromNuma(&pix3, na1, L_PLOT_AT_TOP, 3, 60, 0x00ff0000);
pixRenderPlotFromNuma(&pix3, na1, L_PLOT_AT_BOT, 3, 60, 0x0000ff00);
/* Plot along vertical line */
pixWindowedVarianceOnLine(pix2, L_VERTICAL_LINE, 0.78 * w, 0,
h, 5, &na2);
pixRenderPlotFromNumaGen(&pix1, na2, L_VERTICAL_LINE, 3, 0.78 * w, 60,
1, 0x00ff0000);
pixRenderPlotFromNuma(&pix3, na2, L_PLOT_AT_LEFT, 3, 60, 0xff000000);
pixRenderPlotFromNuma(&pix3, na2, L_PLOT_AT_RIGHT, 3, 60, 0x00ff0000);
regTestWritePixAndCheck(rp, pix1, IFF_PNG); /* 23 */
regTestWritePixAndCheck(rp, pix3, IFF_PNG); /* 24 */
pixa = pixaCreate(2);
pixaAddPix(pixa, pix1, L_INSERT);
pixaAddPix(pixa, pix3, L_INSERT);
if (rp->display) {
pixd = pixaDisplayTiledInRows(pixa, 32, 1500, 1.0, 0, 20, 2);
pixDisplayWithTitle(pixd, 1200, 600, NULL, 1);
pixDestroy(&pixd);
}
pixaDestroy(&pixa);
pixDestroy(&pix2);
numaDestroy(&na1);
numaDestroy(&na2);
return regTestCleanup(rp);;
}
int main_line_removal() {
PIX* pixs_source = pixRead("dave-start.png");
if (!pixs_source) {
printf("Error opening file");
return 1;
}
double deg2rad = 3.1415926535 / 180.;
l_float32 angle, conf, score;
PIX *pix1, *pix2, *pix3, *pix4, *pix5, *pix6, *pix7, *pix8, *pix9;
pix1 = pixThresholdToBinary(pixs_source, 160);
printf("Create line removal image\n");
pixWrite("line-removal/result.line-removal-1.tif", pix1, IFF_TIFF_G4);
pixFindSkew(pix1, &angle, &conf);
pix2 = pixRotateAMGray(pixs_source, deg2rad * angle, 160);
printf("Create line removal image\n");
pixWrite("line-removal/result.line-removal-2.tif", pix2, IFF_TIFF_G4);
l_int32 HORIZ = 1;
l_int32 VERT = 3;
pix3 = pixCloseGray(pix2, 51, HORIZ); //k?p?c 51?
printf("Create line removal image\n");
pixWrite("line-removal/result.line-removal-3.tif", pix3, IFF_TIFF_G4);
pix4 = pixErodeGray(pix3, 5, VERT); //k?p?c 5?
printf("Create line removal image\n");
pixWrite("line-removal/result.line-removal-4.tif", pix4, IFF_TIFF_G4);
pix5 = pix4;
pix5 = pixThresholdToValue(pix5, pix4, 230, 255);
printf("Create line removal image\n");
pixWrite("line-removal/result.line-removal-5.tif", pix5, IFF_TIFF_G4);
pix6 = pix5;
pix6 = pixThresholdToValue(pix5, pix5, 210, 0);
printf("Create line removal image\n");
pixWrite("line-removal/result.line-removal-6.tif", pix6, IFF_TIFF_G4);
pix7 = pixThresholdToBinary(pix6, 230);
printf("Create line removal image\n");
pixWrite("line-removal/result.line-removal-7.tif", pix7, IFF_TIFF_G4);
pixInvert(pix6, pix6);
pix8 = pixAddGray(NULL, pix2, pix6);
printf("Create line removal image\n");
pixWrite("line-removal/result.line-removal-8.tif", pix8, IFF_TIFF_G4);
VERT = 7;
pix9 = pixOpenGray(pix8, 3, VERT);
printf("Create line removal image\n");
pixWrite("line-removal/result.line-removal-9.tif", pix9, IFF_TIFF_G4);
if (pixCombineMasked(pix8, pix9, pix7)) {
printf("!!!Error while combining pixs!!!\n");
}
printf("Create line removal image\n");
pixWrite("line-removal/result.line-removal-final.tif", pix8, IFF_TIFF_G4);
printf("\n---\nEnd\n");
getchar();
return 0;
}
