/**
* Populates the NPS fdm struct after a simulation step.
*/
static void fetch_state(void) {
FGPropertyManager* node = FDMExec->GetPropertyManager()->GetNode("simulation/sim-time-sec");
fdm.time = node->getDoubleValue();
#if DEBUG_NPS_JSBSIM
printf("%f,",fdm.time);
#endif
FGPropagate* propagate = FDMExec->GetPropagate();
FGAccelerations* accelerations = FDMExec->GetAccelerations();
fdm.on_ground = FDMExec->GetGroundReactions()->GetWOW();
/*
* position
*/
jsbsimloc_to_loc(&fdm.ecef_pos,&propagate->GetLocation());
fdm.hmsl = propagate->GetAltitudeASLmeters();
/*
* linear speed and accelerations
*/
/* in body frame */
const FGColumnVector3& fg_body_ecef_vel = propagate->GetUVW();
jsbsimvec_to_vec(&fdm.body_ecef_vel, &fg_body_ecef_vel);
const FGColumnVector3& fg_body_ecef_accel = accelerations->GetUVWdot();
jsbsimvec_to_vec(&fdm.body_ecef_accel,&fg_body_ecef_accel);
#if DEBUG_NPS_JSBSIM
printf("%f,%f,%f,%f,%f,%f,",(&fg_body_ecef_accel)->Entry(1),(&fg_body_ecef_accel)->Entry(2),(&fg_body_ecef_accel)->Entry(3),fdm.body_ecef_accel.x,fdm.body_ecef_accel.y,fdm.body_ecef_accel.z);
#endif
/* in LTP frame */
const FGMatrix33& body_to_ltp = propagate->GetTb2l();
const FGColumnVector3& fg_ltp_ecef_vel = body_to_ltp * fg_body_ecef_vel;
jsbsimvec_to_vec((DoubleVect3*)&fdm.ltp_ecef_vel, &fg_ltp_ecef_vel);
const FGColumnVector3& fg_ltp_ecef_accel = body_to_ltp * fg_body_ecef_accel;
jsbsimvec_to_vec((DoubleVect3*)&fdm.ltp_ecef_accel, &fg_ltp_ecef_accel);
#if DEBUG_NPS_JSBSIM
printf("%f,%f,%f,%f,%f,%f,",(&fg_ltp_ecef_accel)->Entry(1),(&fg_ltp_ecef_accel)->Entry(2),(&fg_ltp_ecef_accel)->Entry(3),fdm.ltp_ecef_accel.x,fdm.ltp_ecef_accel.y,fdm.ltp_ecef_accel.z);
#endif
/* in ECEF frame */
const FGMatrix33& body_to_ecef = propagate->GetTb2ec();
const FGColumnVector3& fg_ecef_ecef_vel = body_to_ecef * fg_body_ecef_vel;
jsbsimvec_to_vec((DoubleVect3*)&fdm.ecef_ecef_vel, &fg_ecef_ecef_vel);
const FGColumnVector3& fg_ecef_ecef_accel = body_to_ecef * fg_body_ecef_accel;
jsbsimvec_to_vec((DoubleVect3*)&fdm.ecef_ecef_accel, &fg_ecef_ecef_accel);
#if DEBUG_NPS_JSBSIM
printf("%f,%f,%f,%f,%f,%f,",(&fg_ecef_ecef_accel)->Entry(1),(&fg_ecef_ecef_accel)->Entry(2),(&fg_ecef_ecef_accel)->Entry(3),fdm.ecef_ecef_accel.x,fdm.ecef_ecef_accel.y,fdm.ecef_ecef_accel.z);
#endif
/* in LTP pprz */
ned_of_ecef_point_d(&fdm.ltpprz_pos, <pdef, &fdm.ecef_pos);
ned_of_ecef_vect_d(&fdm.ltpprz_ecef_vel, <pdef, &fdm.ecef_ecef_vel);
ned_of_ecef_vect_d(&fdm.ltpprz_ecef_accel, <pdef, &fdm.ecef_ecef_accel);
#if DEBUG_NPS_JSBSIM
printf("%f,%f,%f,",fdm.ltpprz_ecef_accel.z,fdm.ltpprz_ecef_accel.y,fdm.ltpprz_ecef_accel.z);
#endif
/* llh */
llh_from_jsbsim(&fdm.lla_pos, propagate);
//for debug
lla_from_jsbsim_geodetic(&fdm.lla_pos_geod, propagate);
lla_from_jsbsim_geocentric(&fdm.lla_pos_geoc, propagate);
lla_of_ecef_d(&fdm.lla_pos_pprz, &fdm.ecef_pos);
fdm.agl = MetersOfFeet(propagate->GetDistanceAGL());
#if DEBUG_NPS_JSBSIM
printf("%f\n",fdm.agl);
#endif
/*
* attitude
*/
const FGQuaternion jsb_quat = propagate->GetQuaternion();
jsbsimquat_to_quat(&fdm.ltp_to_body_quat, &jsb_quat);
/* convert to eulers */
DOUBLE_EULERS_OF_QUAT(fdm.ltp_to_body_eulers, fdm.ltp_to_body_quat);
/* the "false" pprz lpt */
/* FIXME: use jsbsim ltp for now */
EULERS_COPY(fdm.ltpprz_to_body_eulers, fdm.ltp_to_body_eulers);
QUAT_COPY(fdm.ltpprz_to_body_quat, fdm.ltp_to_body_quat);
/*
* rotational speed and accelerations
*/
jsbsimvec_to_rate(&fdm.body_ecef_rotvel, &propagate->GetPQR());
jsbsimvec_to_rate(&fdm.body_ecef_rotaccel, &accelerations->GetPQRdot());
/*
* wind
*/
const FGColumnVector3& fg_wind_ned = FDMExec->GetWinds()->GetTotalWindNED();
jsbsimvec_to_vec(&fdm.wind, &fg_wind_ned);
}
FGPropeller::FGPropeller(FGFDMExec* exec, Element* prop_element, int num)
: FGThruster(exec, prop_element, num)
{
string token;
Element *table_element, *local_element;
string name="";
FGPropertyManager* PropertyManager = exec->GetPropertyManager();
MaxPitch = MinPitch = P_Factor = Pitch = Advance = MinRPM = MaxRPM = 0.0;
Sense = 1; // default clockwise rotation
ReversePitch = 0.0;
Reversed = false;
Feathered = false;
Reverse_coef = 0.0;
GearRatio = 1.0;
CtFactor = CpFactor = 1.0;
if (prop_element->FindElement("ixx"))
Ixx = prop_element->FindElementValueAsNumberConvertTo("ixx", "SLUG*FT2");
if (prop_element->FindElement("diameter"))
Diameter = prop_element->FindElementValueAsNumberConvertTo("diameter", "FT");
if (prop_element->FindElement("numblades"))
numBlades = (int)prop_element->FindElementValueAsNumber("numblades");
if (prop_element->FindElement("gearratio"))
GearRatio = prop_element->FindElementValueAsNumber("gearratio");
if (prop_element->FindElement("minpitch"))
MinPitch = prop_element->FindElementValueAsNumber("minpitch");
if (prop_element->FindElement("maxpitch"))
MaxPitch = prop_element->FindElementValueAsNumber("maxpitch");
if (prop_element->FindElement("minrpm"))
MinRPM = prop_element->FindElementValueAsNumber("minrpm");
if (prop_element->FindElement("maxrpm"))
MaxRPM = prop_element->FindElementValueAsNumber("maxrpm");
if (prop_element->FindElement("reversepitch"))
ReversePitch = prop_element->FindElementValueAsNumber("reversepitch");
for (int i=0; i<2; i++) {
table_element = prop_element->FindNextElement("table");
name = table_element->GetAttributeValue("name");
if (name == "C_THRUST") {
cThrust = new FGTable(PropertyManager, table_element);
} else if (name == "C_POWER") {
cPower = new FGTable(PropertyManager, table_element);
} else {
cerr << "Unknown table type: " << name << " in propeller definition." << endl;
}
}
local_element = prop_element->GetParent()->FindElement("sense");
if (local_element) {
double Sense = local_element->GetDataAsNumber();
SetSense(fabs(Sense)/Sense);
}
local_element = prop_element->GetParent()->FindElement("p_factor");
if (local_element) {
P_Factor = local_element->GetDataAsNumber();
}
if (P_Factor < 0) {
cerr << "P-Factor value in config file must be greater than zero" << endl;
}
if (prop_element->FindElement("ct_factor"))
SetCtFactor( prop_element->FindElementValueAsNumber("ct_factor") );
if (prop_element->FindElement("cp_factor"))
SetCpFactor( prop_element->FindElementValueAsNumber("cp_factor") );
Type = ttPropeller;
RPM = 0;
vTorque.InitMatrix();
D4 = Diameter*Diameter*Diameter*Diameter;
D5 = D4*Diameter;
string property_name, base_property_name;
base_property_name = CreateIndexedPropertyName("propulsion/engine", EngineNum);
property_name = base_property_name + "/advance-ratio";
PropertyManager->Tie( property_name.c_str(), &J );
property_name = base_property_name + "/blade-angle";
PropertyManager->Tie( property_name.c_str(), &Pitch );
property_name = base_property_name + "/thrust-coefficient";
PropertyManager->Tie( property_name.c_str(), this, &FGPropeller::GetThrustCoefficient );
property_name = base_property_name + "/propeller-rpm";
PropertyManager->Tie( property_name.c_str(), this, &FGPropeller::GetRPM );
Debug(0);
}
FGPropeller::FGPropeller(FGFDMExec* exec, Element* prop_element, int num)
: FGThruster(exec, prop_element, num)
{
string token;
Element *table_element, *local_element;
string name="";
FGPropertyManager* PropertyManager = exec->GetPropertyManager();
MaxPitch = MinPitch = P_Factor = Pitch = Advance = MinRPM = MaxRPM = 0.0;
Sense = 1; // default clockwise rotation
ReversePitch = 0.0;
Reversed = false;
Feathered = false;
Reverse_coef = 0.0;
GearRatio = 1.0;
CtFactor = CpFactor = 1.0;
ConstantSpeed = 0;
cThrust = cPower = CtMach = CpMach = 0;
Vinduced = 0.0;
if (prop_element->FindElement("ixx"))
Ixx = prop_element->FindElementValueAsNumberConvertTo("ixx", "SLUG*FT2");
if (prop_element->FindElement("diameter"))
Diameter = prop_element->FindElementValueAsNumberConvertTo("diameter", "FT");
if (prop_element->FindElement("numblades"))
numBlades = (int)prop_element->FindElementValueAsNumber("numblades");
if (prop_element->FindElement("gearratio"))
GearRatio = prop_element->FindElementValueAsNumber("gearratio");
if (prop_element->FindElement("minpitch"))
MinPitch = prop_element->FindElementValueAsNumber("minpitch");
if (prop_element->FindElement("maxpitch"))
MaxPitch = prop_element->FindElementValueAsNumber("maxpitch");
if (prop_element->FindElement("minrpm"))
MinRPM = prop_element->FindElementValueAsNumber("minrpm");
if (prop_element->FindElement("maxrpm")) {
MaxRPM = prop_element->FindElementValueAsNumber("maxrpm");
ConstantSpeed = 1;
}
if (prop_element->FindElement("constspeed"))
ConstantSpeed = (int)prop_element->FindElementValueAsNumber("constspeed");
if (prop_element->FindElement("reversepitch"))
ReversePitch = prop_element->FindElementValueAsNumber("reversepitch");
while((table_element = prop_element->FindNextElement("table")) != 0) {
name = table_element->GetAttributeValue("name");
try {
if (name == "C_THRUST") {
cThrust = new FGTable(PropertyManager, table_element);
} else if (name == "C_POWER") {
cPower = new FGTable(PropertyManager, table_element);
} else if (name == "CT_MACH") {
CtMach = new FGTable(PropertyManager, table_element);
} else if (name == "CP_MACH") {
CpMach = new FGTable(PropertyManager, table_element);
} else {
cerr << "Unknown table type: " << name << " in propeller definition." << endl;
}
} catch (std::string str) {
throw("Error loading propeller table:" + name + ". " + str);
}
}
if( (cPower == 0) || (cThrust == 0)){
cerr << "Propeller configuration must contain C_THRUST and C_POWER tables!" << endl;
}
local_element = prop_element->GetParent()->FindElement("sense");
if (local_element) {
double Sense = local_element->GetDataAsNumber();
SetSense(Sense >= 0.0 ? 1.0 : -1.0);
}
local_element = prop_element->GetParent()->FindElement("p_factor");
if (local_element) {
P_Factor = local_element->GetDataAsNumber();
}
if (P_Factor < 0) {
cerr << "P-Factor value in propeller configuration file must be greater than zero" << endl;
}
if (prop_element->FindElement("ct_factor"))
SetCtFactor( prop_element->FindElementValueAsNumber("ct_factor") );
if (prop_element->FindElement("cp_factor"))
SetCpFactor( prop_element->FindElementValueAsNumber("cp_factor") );
Type = ttPropeller;
RPM = 0;
vTorque.InitMatrix();
D4 = Diameter*Diameter*Diameter*Diameter;
D5 = D4*Diameter;
Pitch = MinPitch;
string property_name, base_property_name;
base_property_name = CreateIndexedPropertyName("propulsion/engine", EngineNum);
property_name = base_property_name + "/engine-rpm";
PropertyManager->Tie( property_name.c_str(), this, &FGPropeller::GetEngineRPM );
property_name = base_property_name + "/advance-ratio";
PropertyManager->Tie( property_name.c_str(), &J );
property_name = base_property_name + "/blade-angle";
PropertyManager->Tie( property_name.c_str(), &Pitch );
property_name = base_property_name + "/thrust-coefficient";
PropertyManager->Tie( property_name.c_str(), this, &FGPropeller::GetThrustCoefficient );
property_name = base_property_name + "/propeller-rpm";
PropertyManager->Tie( property_name.c_str(), this, &FGPropeller::GetRPM );
property_name = base_property_name + "/helical-tip-Mach";
PropertyManager->Tie( property_name.c_str(), this, &FGPropeller::GetHelicalTipMach );
property_name = base_property_name + "/constant-speed-mode";
PropertyManager->Tie( property_name.c_str(), this, &FGPropeller::GetConstantSpeed,
&FGPropeller::SetConstantSpeed );
property_name = base_property_name + "/prop-induced-velocity_fps";
PropertyManager->Tie( property_name.c_str(), this, &FGPropeller::GetInducedVelocity,
&FGPropeller::SetInducedVelocity );
Debug(0);
}
FGThruster::FGThruster(FGFDMExec *FDMExec, Element *el, int num ): FGForce(FDMExec)
{
Element* thruster_element = el->GetParent();
Element* element;
FGColumnVector3 location, orientation, pointing;
Type = ttDirect;
SetTransformType(FGForce::tCustom);
Name = el->GetAttributeValue("name");
GearRatio = 1.0;
EngineNum = num;
FGPropertyManager* PropertyManager = FDMExec->GetPropertyManager();
// Determine the initial location and orientation of this thruster and load the
// thruster with this information.
element = thruster_element->FindElement("location");
if (element) location = element->FindElementTripletConvertTo("IN");
else cerr << fgred << " No thruster location found." << reset << endl;
SetLocation(location);
string property_name, base_property_name;
base_property_name = CreateIndexedPropertyName("propulsion/engine", EngineNum);
element = thruster_element->FindElement("pointing");
if (element) {
// This defines a fixed nozzle that has no public interface property to gimbal or reverse it.
pointing = element->FindElementTripletConvertTo("RAD"); // The specification of RAD here is superfluous,
// and simply precludes a conversion.
mT.InitMatrix();
mT(1,1) = pointing(1);
mT(2,1) = pointing(2);
mT(3,1) = pointing(3);
} else {
element = thruster_element->FindElement("orient");
if (element) orientation = element->FindElementTripletConvertTo("RAD");
SetAnglesToBody(orientation);
property_name = base_property_name + "/pitch-angle-rad";
PropertyManager->Tie( property_name.c_str(), (FGForce *)this, &FGForce::GetPitch, &FGForce::SetPitch);
property_name = base_property_name + "/yaw-angle-rad";
PropertyManager->Tie( property_name.c_str(), (FGForce *)this, &FGForce::GetYaw, &FGForce::SetYaw);
if (el->GetName() == "direct") // this is a direct thruster. At this time
// only a direct thruster can be reversed.
{
property_name = base_property_name + "/reverser-angle-rad";
PropertyManager->Tie( property_name.c_str(), (FGThruster *)this, &FGThruster::GetReverserAngle,
&FGThruster::SetReverserAngle);
}
}
ResetToIC();
Debug(0);
}
FGPiston::FGPiston(FGFDMExec* exec, Element* el, int engine_number, struct Inputs& input)
: FGEngine(engine_number, input),
R_air(287.3), // Gas constant for air J/Kg/K
calorific_value_fuel(47.3e6), // J/Kg
Cp_air(1005), // Specific heat (constant pressure) J/Kg/K
Cp_fuel(1700),
standard_pressure(101320.73)
{
Load(exec, el);
Element *table_element;
FGPropertyManager* PropertyManager = exec->GetPropertyManager();
// Defaults and initializations
Type = etPiston;
// These items are read from the configuration file
// Defaults are from a Lycoming O-360, more or less
Cycles = 4;
IdleRPM = 600;
MaxRPM = 2800;
Displacement = 360;
SparkFailDrop = 1.0;
MaxHP = 200;
MinManifoldPressure_inHg = 6.5;
MaxManifoldPressure_inHg = 28.5;
ManifoldPressureLag=1.0;
ISFC = -1;
volumetric_efficiency = 0.85;
Bore = 5.125;
Stroke = 4.375;
Cylinders = 4;
CylinderHeadMass = 2; //kg
CompressionRatio = 8.5;
Z_airbox = -999;
Ram_Air_Factor = 1;
PeakMeanPistonSpeed_fps = 100;
FMEPDynamic= 18400;
FMEPStatic = 46500;
Cooling_Factor = 0.5144444;
StaticFriction_HP = 1.5;
StarterGain = 1.;
StarterTorque = -1.;
StarterRPM = -1.;
// These are internal program variables
Lookup_Combustion_Efficiency = 0;
Mixture_Efficiency_Correlation = 0;
crank_counter = 0;
Magnetos = 0;
minMAP = 21950;
maxMAP = 96250;
ResetToIC();
// Supercharging
BoostSpeeds = 0; // Default to no supercharging
BoostSpeed = 0;
Boosted = false;
BoostOverride = 0;
BoostManual = 0;
bBoostOverride = false;
bTakeoffBoost = false;
TakeoffBoost = 0.0; // Default to no extra takeoff-boost
BoostLossFactor = 0.0; // Default to free boost
int i;
for (i=0; i<FG_MAX_BOOST_SPEEDS; i++) {
RatedBoost[i] = 0.0;
RatedPower[i] = 0.0;
RatedAltitude[i] = 0.0;
BoostMul[i] = 1.0;
RatedMAP[i] = 100000;
RatedRPM[i] = 2500;
TakeoffMAP[i] = 100000;
}
for (i=0; i<FG_MAX_BOOST_SPEEDS-1; i++) {
BoostSwitchAltitude[i] = 0.0;
BoostSwitchPressure[i] = 0.0;
}
// Read inputs from engine data file where present.
if (el->FindElement("minmp"))
MinManifoldPressure_inHg = el->FindElementValueAsNumberConvertTo("minmp","INHG");
if (el->FindElement("maxmp"))
MaxManifoldPressure_inHg = el->FindElementValueAsNumberConvertTo("maxmp","INHG");
if (el->FindElement("man-press-lag"))
ManifoldPressureLag = el->FindElementValueAsNumber("man-press-lag");
if (el->FindElement("displacement"))
Displacement = el->FindElementValueAsNumberConvertTo("displacement","IN3");
if (el->FindElement("maxhp"))
MaxHP = el->FindElementValueAsNumberConvertTo("maxhp","HP");
if (el->FindElement("static-friction"))
StaticFriction_HP = el->FindElementValueAsNumberConvertTo("static-friction","HP");
if (el->FindElement("sparkfaildrop"))
SparkFailDrop = Constrain(0, 1 - el->FindElementValueAsNumber("sparkfaildrop"), 1);
if (el->FindElement("cycles"))
Cycles = el->FindElementValueAsNumber("cycles");
if (el->FindElement("idlerpm"))
IdleRPM = el->FindElementValueAsNumber("idlerpm");
if (el->FindElement("maxrpm"))
MaxRPM = el->FindElementValueAsNumber("maxrpm");
if (el->FindElement("maxthrottle"))
MaxThrottle = el->FindElementValueAsNumber("maxthrottle");
if (el->FindElement("minthrottle"))
MinThrottle = el->FindElementValueAsNumber("minthrottle");
if (el->FindElement("bsfc"))
ISFC = el->FindElementValueAsNumberConvertTo("bsfc", "LBS/HP*HR");
if (el->FindElement("volumetric-efficiency"))
volumetric_efficiency = el->FindElementValueAsNumber("volumetric-efficiency");
if (el->FindElement("compression-ratio"))
CompressionRatio = el->FindElementValueAsNumber("compression-ratio");
if (el->FindElement("bore"))
Bore = el->FindElementValueAsNumberConvertTo("bore","IN");
if (el->FindElement("stroke"))
Stroke = el->FindElementValueAsNumberConvertTo("stroke","IN");
if (el->FindElement("cylinders"))
Cylinders = el->FindElementValueAsNumber("cylinders");
if (el->FindElement("cylinder-head-mass"))
CylinderHeadMass = el->FindElementValueAsNumberConvertTo("cylinder-head-mass","KG");
if (el->FindElement("air-intake-impedance-factor"))
Z_airbox = el->FindElementValueAsNumber("air-intake-impedance-factor");
if (el->FindElement("ram-air-factor"))
Ram_Air_Factor = el->FindElementValueAsNumber("ram-air-factor");
if (el->FindElement("cooling-factor"))
Cooling_Factor = el->FindElementValueAsNumber("cooling-factor");
if (el->FindElement("starter-rpm"))
StarterRPM = el->FindElementValueAsNumber("starter-rpm");
if (el->FindElement("starter-torque"))
StarterTorque = el->FindElementValueAsNumber("starter-torque");
if (el->FindElement("dynamic-fmep"))
FMEPDynamic= el->FindElementValueAsNumberConvertTo("dynamic-fmep","PA");
if (el->FindElement("static-fmep"))
FMEPStatic = el->FindElementValueAsNumberConvertTo("static-fmep","PA");
if (el->FindElement("peak-piston-speed"))
PeakMeanPistonSpeed_fps = el->FindElementValueAsNumber("peak-piston-speed");
if (el->FindElement("numboostspeeds")) { // Turbo- and super-charging parameters
BoostSpeeds = (int)el->FindElementValueAsNumber("numboostspeeds");
if (el->FindElement("boostoverride"))
BoostOverride = (int)el->FindElementValueAsNumber("boostoverride");
if (el->FindElement("boostmanual"))
BoostManual = (int)el->FindElementValueAsNumber("boostmanual");
if (el->FindElement("takeoffboost"))
TakeoffBoost = el->FindElementValueAsNumberConvertTo("takeoffboost", "PSI");
if (el->FindElement("boost-loss-factor"))
BoostLossFactor = el->FindElementValueAsNumber("boost-loss-factor");
if (el->FindElement("ratedboost1"))
RatedBoost[0] = el->FindElementValueAsNumberConvertTo("ratedboost1", "PSI");
if (el->FindElement("ratedboost2"))
RatedBoost[1] = el->FindElementValueAsNumberConvertTo("ratedboost2", "PSI");
if (el->FindElement("ratedboost3"))
RatedBoost[2] = el->FindElementValueAsNumberConvertTo("ratedboost3", "PSI");
if (el->FindElement("ratedpower1"))
RatedPower[0] = el->FindElementValueAsNumberConvertTo("ratedpower1", "HP");
if (el->FindElement("ratedpower2"))
RatedPower[1] = el->FindElementValueAsNumberConvertTo("ratedpower2", "HP");
if (el->FindElement("ratedpower3"))
RatedPower[2] = el->FindElementValueAsNumberConvertTo("ratedpower3", "HP");
if (el->FindElement("ratedrpm1"))
RatedRPM[0] = el->FindElementValueAsNumber("ratedrpm1");
if (el->FindElement("ratedrpm2"))
RatedRPM[1] = el->FindElementValueAsNumber("ratedrpm2");
if (el->FindElement("ratedrpm3"))
RatedRPM[2] = el->FindElementValueAsNumber("ratedrpm3");
if (el->FindElement("ratedaltitude1"))
RatedAltitude[0] = el->FindElementValueAsNumberConvertTo("ratedaltitude1", "FT");
if (el->FindElement("ratedaltitude2"))
RatedAltitude[1] = el->FindElementValueAsNumberConvertTo("ratedaltitude2", "FT");
if (el->FindElement("ratedaltitude3"))
RatedAltitude[2] = el->FindElementValueAsNumberConvertTo("ratedaltitude3", "FT");
}
Design_Oil_Temp = 358; // degK;
Oil_Viscosity_Index = 0.25;
Oil_Press_Relief_Valve = 60; // psi
Oil_Press_RPM_Max = MaxRPM*0.75;
if (el->FindElement("oil-pressure-relief-valve-psi"))
Oil_Press_Relief_Valve = el->FindElementValueAsNumberConvertTo("oil-pressure-relief-valve-psi", "PSI");
if (el->FindElement("design-oil-temp-degK"))
Design_Oil_Temp = el->FindElementValueAsNumberConvertTo("design-oil-temp-degK", "DEGK");
if (el->FindElement("oil-pressure-rpm-max"))
Oil_Press_RPM_Max = el->FindElementValueAsNumber("oil-pressure-rpm-max");
if (el->FindElement("oil-viscosity-index"))
Oil_Viscosity_Index = el->FindElementValueAsNumber("oil-viscosity-index");
while((table_element = el->FindNextElement("table")) != 0) {
string name = table_element->GetAttributeValue("name");
try {
if (name == "COMBUSTION") {
Lookup_Combustion_Efficiency = new FGTable(PropertyManager, table_element);
} else if (name == "MIXTURE") {
Mixture_Efficiency_Correlation = new FGTable(PropertyManager, table_element);
} else {
cerr << "Unknown table type: " << name << " in piston engine definition." << endl;
}
} catch (std::string& str) {
// Make sure allocated resources are freed before rethrowing.
// (C++ standard guarantees that a null pointer deletion is no-op).
delete Lookup_Combustion_Efficiency;
delete Mixture_Efficiency_Correlation;
throw("Error loading piston engine table:" + name + ". " + str);
}
}
volumetric_efficiency_reduced = volumetric_efficiency;
if(StarterRPM < 0.) StarterRPM = 2*IdleRPM;
if(StarterTorque < 0)
StarterTorque = (MaxHP)*0.4; //just a wag.
displacement_SI = Displacement * in3tom3;
RatedMeanPistonSpeed_fps = ( MaxRPM * Stroke) / (360); // AKA 2 * (RPM/60) * ( Stroke / 12) or 2NS
// Create IFSC to match the engine if not provided
if (ISFC < 0) {
double pmep = 29.92 - MaxManifoldPressure_inHg;
pmep *= inhgtopa * volumetric_efficiency;
double fmep = (FMEPDynamic * RatedMeanPistonSpeed_fps * fttom + FMEPStatic);
double hp_loss = ((pmep + fmep) * displacement_SI * MaxRPM)/(Cycles*22371);
ISFC = ( 1.1*Displacement * MaxRPM * volumetric_efficiency *(MaxManifoldPressure_inHg / 29.92) ) / (9411 * (MaxHP+hp_loss-StaticFriction_HP));
// cout <<"FMEP: "<< fmep <<" PMEP: "<< pmep << " hp_loss: " <<hp_loss <<endl;
}
if ( MaxManifoldPressure_inHg > 29.9 ) { // Don't allow boosting with a bogus number
MaxManifoldPressure_inHg = 29.9;
}
minMAP = MinManifoldPressure_inHg * inhgtopa; // inHg to Pa
maxMAP = MaxManifoldPressure_inHg * inhgtopa;
// For throttle
/*
* Pm = ( Ze / ( Ze + Zi + Zt ) ) * Pa
* Where:
* Pm = Manifold Pressure
* Pa = Ambient Pressre
* Ze = engine impedance, Ze is effectively 1 / Mean Piston Speed
* Zi = airbox impedance
* Zt = throttle impedance
*
* For the calculation below throttle is fully open or Zt = 0
*
*
*
*/
if(Z_airbox < 0.0){
double Ze=PeakMeanPistonSpeed_fps/RatedMeanPistonSpeed_fps; // engine impedence
Z_airbox = (standard_pressure *Ze / maxMAP) - Ze; // impedence of airbox
}
// Constant for Throttle impedence
Z_throttle=(PeakMeanPistonSpeed_fps/((IdleRPM * Stroke) / 360))*(standard_pressure/minMAP - 1) - Z_airbox;
// Z_throttle=(MaxRPM/IdleRPM )*(standard_pressure/minMAP+2); // Constant for Throttle impedence
// Default tables if not provided in the configuration file
if(Lookup_Combustion_Efficiency == 0) {
// First column is thi, second is neta (combustion efficiency)
Lookup_Combustion_Efficiency = new FGTable(12);
*Lookup_Combustion_Efficiency << 0.00 << 0.980;
*Lookup_Combustion_Efficiency << 0.90 << 0.980;
*Lookup_Combustion_Efficiency << 1.00 << 0.970;
*Lookup_Combustion_Efficiency << 1.05 << 0.950;
*Lookup_Combustion_Efficiency << 1.10 << 0.900;
*Lookup_Combustion_Efficiency << 1.15 << 0.850;
*Lookup_Combustion_Efficiency << 1.20 << 0.790;
*Lookup_Combustion_Efficiency << 1.30 << 0.700;
*Lookup_Combustion_Efficiency << 1.40 << 0.630;
*Lookup_Combustion_Efficiency << 1.50 << 0.570;
*Lookup_Combustion_Efficiency << 1.60 << 0.525;
*Lookup_Combustion_Efficiency << 2.00 << 0.345;
}
// First column is Fuel/Air Ratio, second is neta (mixture efficiency)
if( Mixture_Efficiency_Correlation == 0) {
Mixture_Efficiency_Correlation = new FGTable(15);
*Mixture_Efficiency_Correlation << 0.05000 << 0.00000;
*Mixture_Efficiency_Correlation << 0.05137 << 0.00862;
*Mixture_Efficiency_Correlation << 0.05179 << 0.21552;
*Mixture_Efficiency_Correlation << 0.05430 << 0.48276;
*Mixture_Efficiency_Correlation << 0.05842 << 0.70690;
*Mixture_Efficiency_Correlation << 0.06312 << 0.83621;
*Mixture_Efficiency_Correlation << 0.06942 << 0.93103;
*Mixture_Efficiency_Correlation << 0.07786 << 1.00000;
*Mixture_Efficiency_Correlation << 0.08845 << 1.00000;
*Mixture_Efficiency_Correlation << 0.09270 << 0.98276;
*Mixture_Efficiency_Correlation << 0.10120 << 0.93103;
*Mixture_Efficiency_Correlation << 0.11455 << 0.72414;
*Mixture_Efficiency_Correlation << 0.12158 << 0.45690;
*Mixture_Efficiency_Correlation << 0.12435 << 0.23276;
*Mixture_Efficiency_Correlation << 0.12500 << 0.00000;
}
string property_name, base_property_name;
base_property_name = CreateIndexedPropertyName("propulsion/engine", EngineNumber);
property_name = base_property_name + "/power-hp";
PropertyManager->Tie(property_name, &HP);
property_name = base_property_name + "/friction-hp";
PropertyManager->Tie(property_name, &StaticFriction_HP);
property_name = base_property_name + "/bsfc-lbs_hphr";
PropertyManager->Tie(property_name, &ISFC);
property_name = base_property_name + "/starter-norm";
PropertyManager->Tie(property_name, &StarterGain);
property_name = base_property_name + "/volumetric-efficiency";
PropertyManager->Tie(property_name, &volumetric_efficiency);
property_name = base_property_name + "/map-pa";
PropertyManager->Tie(property_name, &MAP);
property_name = base_property_name + "/map-inhg";
PropertyManager->Tie(property_name, &ManifoldPressure_inHg);
property_name = base_property_name + "/air-intake-impedance-factor";
PropertyManager->Tie(property_name, &Z_airbox);
property_name = base_property_name + "/ram-air-factor";
PropertyManager->Tie(property_name, &Ram_Air_Factor);
property_name = base_property_name + "/cooling-factor";
PropertyManager->Tie(property_name, &Cooling_Factor);
property_name = base_property_name + "/boost-speed";
PropertyManager->Tie(property_name, &BoostSpeed);
property_name = base_property_name + "/cht-degF";
PropertyManager->Tie(property_name, this, &FGPiston::getCylinderHeadTemp_degF);
property_name = base_property_name + "/oil-temperature-degF";
PropertyManager->Tie(property_name, this, &FGPiston::getOilTemp_degF);
property_name = base_property_name + "/oil-pressure-psi";
PropertyManager->Tie(property_name, this, &FGPiston::getOilPressure_psi);
property_name = base_property_name + "/egt-degF";
PropertyManager->Tie(property_name, this, &FGPiston::getExhaustGasTemp_degF);
if(BoostLossFactor > 0.0) {
property_name = base_property_name + "/boostloss-factor";
PropertyManager->Tie(property_name, &BoostLossFactor);
property_name = base_property_name + "/boostloss-hp";
PropertyManager->Tie(property_name, &BoostLossHP);
}
// Set up and sanity-check the turbo/supercharging configuration based on the input values.
if (TakeoffBoost > RatedBoost[0]) bTakeoffBoost = true;
for (i=0; i<BoostSpeeds; ++i) {
bool bad = false;
if (RatedBoost[i] <= 0.0) bad = true;
if (RatedPower[i] <= 0.0) bad = true;
if (RatedAltitude[i] < 0.0) bad = true; // 0.0 is deliberately allowed - this corresponds to unregulated supercharging.
if (i > 0 && RatedAltitude[i] < RatedAltitude[i - 1]) bad = true;
if (bad) {
// We can't recover from the above - don't use this supercharger speed.
BoostSpeeds--;
// TODO - put out a massive error message!
break;
}
// Now sanity-check stuff that is recoverable.
if (i < BoostSpeeds - 1) {
if (BoostSwitchAltitude[i] < RatedAltitude[i]) {
// TODO - put out an error message
// But we can also make a reasonable estimate, as below.
BoostSwitchAltitude[i] = RatedAltitude[i] + 1000;
}
BoostSwitchPressure[i] = GetStdPressure100K(BoostSwitchAltitude[i]) * psftopa;
//cout << "BoostSwitchAlt = " << BoostSwitchAltitude[i] << ", pressure = " << BoostSwitchPressure[i] << '\n';
// Assume there is some hysteresis on the supercharger gear switch, and guess the value for now
BoostSwitchHysteresis = 1000;
}
// Now work out the supercharger pressure multiplier of this speed from the rated boost and altitude.
RatedMAP[i] = standard_pressure + RatedBoost[i] * 6895; // psi*6895 = Pa.
// Sometimes a separate BCV setting for takeoff or extra power is fitted.
if (TakeoffBoost > RatedBoost[0]) {
// Assume that the effect on the BCV is the same whichever speed is in use.
TakeoffMAP[i] = RatedMAP[i] + ((TakeoffBoost - RatedBoost[0]) * 6895);
bTakeoffBoost = true;
} else {
TakeoffMAP[i] = RatedMAP[i];
bTakeoffBoost = false;
}
BoostMul[i] = RatedMAP[i] / (GetStdPressure100K(RatedAltitude[i]) * psftopa);
}
if (BoostSpeeds > 0) {
Boosted = true;
BoostSpeed = 0;
}
bBoostOverride = (BoostOverride == 1 ? true : false);
bBoostManual = (BoostManual == 1 ? true : false);
Debug(0); // Call Debug() routine from constructor if needed
}
FGGasCell::FGGasCell(FGFDMExec* exec, Element* el, unsigned int num,
const struct Inputs& input)
: FGForce(exec), in(input)
{
string token;
Element* element;
FGPropertyManager* PropertyManager = exec->GetPropertyManager();
MassBalance = exec->GetMassBalance();
gasCellJ = FGMatrix33();
gasCellM = FGColumnVector3();
Buoyancy = MaxVolume = MaxOverpressure = Temperature = Pressure =
Contents = Volume = dVolumeIdeal = 0.0;
Xradius = Yradius = Zradius = Xwidth = Ywidth = Zwidth = 0.0;
ValveCoefficient = ValveOpen = 0.0;
CellNum = num;
// NOTE: In the local system X points north, Y points east and Z points down.
SetTransformType(FGForce::tLocalBody);
type = el->GetAttributeValue("type");
if (type == "HYDROGEN") Type = ttHYDROGEN;
else if (type == "HELIUM") Type = ttHELIUM;
else if (type == "AIR") Type = ttAIR;
else Type = ttUNKNOWN;
element = el->FindElement("location");
if (element) {
vXYZ = element->FindElementTripletConvertTo("IN");
} else {
std::stringstream error;
error << "Fatal Error: No location found for this gas cell." << endl;
throw std::runtime_error(error.str());
}
if ((el->FindElement("x_radius") || el->FindElement("x_width")) &&
(el->FindElement("y_radius") || el->FindElement("y_width")) &&
(el->FindElement("z_radius") || el->FindElement("z_width"))) {
if (el->FindElement("x_radius")) {
Xradius = el->FindElementValueAsNumberConvertTo("x_radius", "FT");
}
if (el->FindElement("y_radius")) {
Yradius = el->FindElementValueAsNumberConvertTo("y_radius", "FT");
}
if (el->FindElement("z_radius")) {
Zradius = el->FindElementValueAsNumberConvertTo("z_radius", "FT");
}
if (el->FindElement("x_width")) {
Xwidth = el->FindElementValueAsNumberConvertTo("x_width", "FT");
}
if (el->FindElement("y_width")) {
Ywidth = el->FindElementValueAsNumberConvertTo("y_width", "FT");
}
if (el->FindElement("z_width")) {
Zwidth = el->FindElementValueAsNumberConvertTo("z_width", "FT");
}
// The volume is a (potentially) extruded ellipsoid.
// However, currently only a few combinations of radius and width are
// fully supported.
if ((Xradius != 0.0) && (Yradius != 0.0) && (Zradius != 0.0) &&
(Xwidth == 0.0) && (Ywidth == 0.0) && (Zwidth == 0.0)) {
// Ellipsoid volume.
MaxVolume = 4.0 * M_PI * Xradius * Yradius * Zradius / 3.0;
} else if ((Xradius == 0.0) && (Yradius != 0.0) && (Zradius != 0.0) &&
(Xwidth != 0.0) && (Ywidth == 0.0) && (Zwidth == 0.0)) {
// Cylindrical volume.
MaxVolume = M_PI * Yradius * Zradius * Xwidth;
} else {
cerr << "Warning: Unsupported gas cell shape." << endl;
MaxVolume =
(4.0 * M_PI * Xradius * Yradius * Zradius / 3.0 +
M_PI * Yradius * Zradius * Xwidth +
M_PI * Xradius * Zradius * Ywidth +
M_PI * Xradius * Yradius * Zwidth +
2.0 * Xradius * Ywidth * Zwidth +
2.0 * Yradius * Xwidth * Zwidth +
2.0 * Zradius * Xwidth * Ywidth +
Xwidth * Ywidth * Zwidth);
}
} else {
std::stringstream error;
error << "Fatal Error: Gas cell shape must be given." << endl;
throw std::runtime_error(error.str());
}
if (el->FindElement("max_overpressure")) {
MaxOverpressure = el->FindElementValueAsNumberConvertTo("max_overpressure",
"LBS/FT2");
}
if (el->FindElement("fullness")) {
const double Fullness = el->FindElementValueAsNumber("fullness");
if (0 <= Fullness) {
Volume = Fullness * MaxVolume;
} else {
cerr << "Warning: Invalid initial gas cell fullness value." << endl;
}
}
if (el->FindElement("valve_coefficient")) {
ValveCoefficient =
el->FindElementValueAsNumberConvertTo("valve_coefficient",
"FT4*SEC/SLUG");
ValveCoefficient = max(ValveCoefficient, 0.0);
}
// Initialize state
SetLocation(vXYZ);
if (Temperature == 0.0) {
Temperature = in.Temperature;
}
if (Pressure == 0.0) {
Pressure = in.Pressure;
}
if (Volume != 0.0) {
// Calculate initial gas content.
Contents = Pressure * Volume / (R * Temperature);
// Clip to max allowed value.
const double IdealPressure = Contents * R * Temperature / MaxVolume;
if (IdealPressure > Pressure + MaxOverpressure) {
Contents = (Pressure + MaxOverpressure) * MaxVolume / (R * Temperature);
Pressure = Pressure + MaxOverpressure;
} else {
Pressure = max(IdealPressure, Pressure);
}
} else {
// Calculate initial gas content.
Contents = Pressure * MaxVolume / (R * Temperature);
}
Volume = Contents * R * Temperature / Pressure;
Mass = Contents * M_gas();
// Bind relevant properties
string property_name, base_property_name;
base_property_name = CreateIndexedPropertyName("buoyant_forces/gas-cell", CellNum);
property_name = base_property_name + "/max_volume-ft3";
PropertyManager->Tie( property_name.c_str(), &MaxVolume, false );
PropertyManager->GetNode()->SetWritable( property_name, false );
property_name = base_property_name + "/temp-R";
PropertyManager->Tie( property_name.c_str(), &Temperature, false );
property_name = base_property_name + "/pressure-psf";
PropertyManager->Tie( property_name.c_str(), &Pressure, false );
property_name = base_property_name + "/volume-ft3";
PropertyManager->Tie( property_name.c_str(), &Volume, false );
property_name = base_property_name + "/buoyancy-lbs";
PropertyManager->Tie( property_name.c_str(), &Buoyancy, false );
property_name = base_property_name + "/contents-mol";
PropertyManager->Tie( property_name.c_str(), &Contents, false );
property_name = base_property_name + "/valve_open";
PropertyManager->Tie( property_name.c_str(), &ValveOpen, false );
Debug(0);
// Read heat transfer coefficients
if (Element* heat = el->FindElement("heat")) {
Element* function_element = heat->FindElement("function");
while (function_element) {
HeatTransferCoeff.push_back(new FGFunction(PropertyManager,
function_element));
function_element = heat->FindNextElement("function");
}
}
// Load ballonets if there are any
if (Element* ballonet_element = el->FindElement("ballonet")) {
while (ballonet_element) {
Ballonet.push_back(new FGBallonet(exec,
ballonet_element,
Ballonet.size(),
this, in));
ballonet_element = el->FindNextElement("ballonet");
}
}
}
FGBallonet::FGBallonet(FGFDMExec* exec, Element* el, unsigned int num,
FGGasCell* parent, const struct FGGasCell::Inputs& input)
: in(input)
{
string token;
Element* element;
FGPropertyManager* PropertyManager = exec->GetPropertyManager();
MassBalance = exec->GetMassBalance();
ballonetJ = FGMatrix33();
MaxVolume = MaxOverpressure = Temperature = Pressure =
Contents = Volume = dVolumeIdeal = dU = 0.0;
Xradius = Yradius = Zradius = Xwidth = Ywidth = Zwidth = 0.0;
ValveCoefficient = ValveOpen = 0.0;
BlowerInput = NULL;
CellNum = num;
Parent = parent;
// NOTE: In the local system X points north, Y points east and Z points down.
element = el->FindElement("location");
if (element) {
vXYZ = element->FindElementTripletConvertTo("IN");
} else {
std::stringstream error;
error << "Fatal Error: No location found for this ballonet." << endl;
throw std::runtime_error(error.str());
}
if ((el->FindElement("x_radius") || el->FindElement("x_width")) &&
(el->FindElement("y_radius") || el->FindElement("y_width")) &&
(el->FindElement("z_radius") || el->FindElement("z_width"))) {
if (el->FindElement("x_radius")) {
Xradius = el->FindElementValueAsNumberConvertTo("x_radius", "FT");
}
if (el->FindElement("y_radius")) {
Yradius = el->FindElementValueAsNumberConvertTo("y_radius", "FT");
}
if (el->FindElement("z_radius")) {
Zradius = el->FindElementValueAsNumberConvertTo("z_radius", "FT");
}
if (el->FindElement("x_width")) {
Xwidth = el->FindElementValueAsNumberConvertTo("x_width", "FT");
}
if (el->FindElement("y_width")) {
Ywidth = el->FindElementValueAsNumberConvertTo("y_width", "FT");
}
if (el->FindElement("z_width")) {
Zwidth = el->FindElementValueAsNumberConvertTo("z_width", "FT");
}
// The volume is a (potentially) extruded ellipsoid.
// FIXME: However, currently only a few combinations of radius and
// width are fully supported.
if ((Xradius != 0.0) && (Yradius != 0.0) && (Zradius != 0.0) &&
(Xwidth == 0.0) && (Ywidth == 0.0) && (Zwidth == 0.0)) {
// Ellipsoid volume.
MaxVolume = 4.0 * M_PI * Xradius * Yradius * Zradius / 3.0;
} else if ((Xradius == 0.0) && (Yradius != 0.0) && (Zradius != 0.0) &&
(Xwidth != 0.0) && (Ywidth == 0.0) && (Zwidth == 0.0)) {
// Cylindrical volume.
MaxVolume = M_PI * Yradius * Zradius * Xwidth;
} else {
cerr << "Warning: Unsupported ballonet shape." << endl;
MaxVolume =
(4.0 * M_PI * Xradius * Yradius * Zradius / 3.0 +
M_PI * Yradius * Zradius * Xwidth +
M_PI * Xradius * Zradius * Ywidth +
M_PI * Xradius * Yradius * Zwidth +
2.0 * Xradius * Ywidth * Zwidth +
2.0 * Yradius * Xwidth * Zwidth +
2.0 * Zradius * Xwidth * Ywidth +
Xwidth * Ywidth * Zwidth);
}
} else {
std::stringstream error;
error << "Fatal Error: Ballonet shape must be given." << endl;
throw std::runtime_error(error.str());
}
if (el->FindElement("max_overpressure")) {
MaxOverpressure = el->FindElementValueAsNumberConvertTo("max_overpressure",
"LBS/FT2");
}
if (el->FindElement("fullness")) {
const double Fullness = el->FindElementValueAsNumber("fullness");
if (0 <= Fullness) {
Volume = Fullness * MaxVolume;
} else {
cerr << "Warning: Invalid initial ballonet fullness value." << endl;
}
}
if (el->FindElement("valve_coefficient")) {
ValveCoefficient =
el->FindElementValueAsNumberConvertTo("valve_coefficient",
"FT4*SEC/SLUG");
ValveCoefficient = max(ValveCoefficient, 0.0);
}
// Initialize state
if (Temperature == 0.0) {
Temperature = Parent->GetTemperature();
}
if (Pressure == 0.0) {
Pressure = Parent->GetPressure();
}
if (Volume != 0.0) {
// Calculate initial air content.
Contents = Pressure * Volume / (R * Temperature);
// Clip to max allowed value.
const double IdealPressure = Contents * R * Temperature / MaxVolume;
if (IdealPressure > Pressure + MaxOverpressure) {
Contents = (Pressure + MaxOverpressure) * MaxVolume / (R * Temperature);
Pressure = Pressure + MaxOverpressure;
} else {
Pressure = max(IdealPressure, Pressure);
}
} else {
// Calculate initial air content.
Contents = Pressure * MaxVolume / (R * Temperature);
}
Volume = Contents * R * Temperature / Pressure;
// Bind relevant properties
string property_name, base_property_name;
base_property_name = CreateIndexedPropertyName("buoyant_forces/gas-cell", Parent->GetIndex());
base_property_name = CreateIndexedPropertyName(base_property_name + "/ballonet", CellNum);
property_name = base_property_name + "/max_volume-ft3";
PropertyManager->Tie( property_name, &MaxVolume, false );
PropertyManager->GetNode()->SetWritable( property_name, false );
property_name = base_property_name + "/temp-R";
PropertyManager->Tie( property_name, &Temperature, false );
property_name = base_property_name + "/pressure-psf";
PropertyManager->Tie( property_name, &Pressure, false );
property_name = base_property_name + "/volume-ft3";
PropertyManager->Tie( property_name, &Volume, false );
property_name = base_property_name + "/contents-mol";
PropertyManager->Tie( property_name, &Contents, false );
property_name = base_property_name + "/valve_open";
PropertyManager->Tie( property_name, &ValveOpen, false );
Debug(0);
// Read heat transfer coefficients
if (Element* heat = el->FindElement("heat")) {
Element* function_element = heat->FindElement("function");
while (function_element) {
HeatTransferCoeff.push_back(new FGFunction(PropertyManager,
function_element));
function_element = heat->FindNextElement("function");
}
}
// Read blower input function
if (Element* blower = el->FindElement("blower_input")) {
Element* function_element = blower->FindElement("function");
BlowerInput = new FGFunction(PropertyManager,
function_element);
}
}
