예제 #1
0
GLOBAL Int UMF_mem_alloc_element
(
    NumericType *Numeric,
    Int nrows,
    Int ncols,
    Int **Rows,
    Int **Cols,
    Entry **C,
    Int *size,
    Element **epout
)
{

    Element *ep ;
    Unit *p ;
    Int i ;

    ASSERT (Numeric != (NumericType *) NULL) ;
    ASSERT (Numeric->Memory != (Unit *) NULL) ;

    *size = GET_ELEMENT_SIZE (nrows, ncols) ;
    if (INT_OVERFLOW (DGET_ELEMENT_SIZE (nrows, ncols) + 1))
    {
	/* :: allocate element, int overflow :: */
	return (0) ;	/* problem is too large */
    }

    i = UMF_mem_alloc_tail_block (Numeric, *size) ;
    (*size)++ ;
    if (!i)
    {
	DEBUG0 (("alloc element failed - out of memory\n")) ;
	return (0) ;	/* out of memory */
    }
    p = Numeric->Memory + i ;

    ep = (Element *) p ;

    DEBUG2 (("alloc_element done ("ID" x "ID"): p: "ID" i "ID"\n",
	nrows, ncols, (Int) (p-Numeric->Memory), i)) ;

    /* Element data structure, in order: */
    p += UNITS (Element, 1) ;		/* (1) Element header */
    *Cols = (Int *) p ;			/* (2) col [0..ncols-1] indices */
    *Rows = *Cols + ncols ;		/* (3) row [0..nrows-1] indices */
    p += UNITS (Int, ncols + nrows) ;
    *C = (Entry *) p ;			/* (4) C [0..nrows-1, 0..ncols-1] */

    ep->nrows = nrows ;		/* initialize the header information */
    ep->ncols = ncols ;
    ep->nrowsleft = nrows ;
    ep->ncolsleft = ncols ;
    ep->cdeg = 0 ;
    ep->rdeg = 0 ;
    ep->next = EMPTY ;

    DEBUG2 (("new block size: "ID" ", GET_BLOCK_SIZE (Numeric->Memory + i))) ;
    DEBUG2 (("Element size needed "ID"\n", GET_ELEMENT_SIZE (nrows, ncols))) ;

    *epout = ep ;

    /* return the offset into Numeric->Memory */
    return (i) ;
}
예제 #2
0
GLOBAL Int UMF_grow_front
(
    NumericType *Numeric,
    Int fnr2,		/* desired size is fnr2-by-fnc2 */
    Int fnc2,
    WorkType *Work,
    Int do_what		/* -1: UMF_start_front
			 * 0:  UMF_init_front, do not recompute Fcpos
			 * 1:  UMF_extend_front
			 * 2:  UMF_init_front, recompute Fcpos */
)
{
    /* ---------------------------------------------------------------------- */
    /* local variables */
    /* ---------------------------------------------------------------------- */

    double s ;
    Entry *Fcold, *Fcnew ;
    Int j, i, col, *Fcpos, *Fcols, fnrows_max, fncols_max, fnr_curr, nb,
	fnrows_new, fncols_new, fnr_min, fnc_min, minsize,
	newsize, fnrows, fncols, *E, eloc ;

    /* ---------------------------------------------------------------------- */
    /* get parameters */
    /* ---------------------------------------------------------------------- */

#ifndef NDEBUG
    if (do_what != -1) UMF_debug++ ;
    DEBUG0 (("\n\n====================GROW FRONT: do_what: "ID"\n", do_what)) ;
    if (do_what != -1) UMF_debug-- ;
    ASSERT (Work->do_grow) ;
    ASSERT (Work->fnpiv == 0) ;
#endif

    Fcols = Work->Fcols ;
    Fcpos = Work->Fcpos ;
    E = Work->E ;

    /* ---------------------------------------------------------------------- */
    /* The current front is too small, find the new size */
    /* ---------------------------------------------------------------------- */

    /* maximum size of frontal matrix for this chain */
    nb = Work->nb ;
    fnrows_max = Work->fnrows_max + nb ;
    fncols_max = Work->fncols_max + nb ;
    ASSERT (fnrows_max >= 0 && (fnrows_max % 2) == 1) ;
    DEBUG0 (("Max     size: "ID"-by-"ID" (incl. "ID" pivot block\n",
	fnrows_max, fncols_max, nb)) ;

    /* current dimensions of frontal matrix: fnr-by-fnc */
    DEBUG0 (("Current : "ID"-by-"ID" (excl "ID" pivot blocks)\n",
		Work->fnr_curr, Work->fnc_curr, nb)) ;
    ASSERT (Work->fnr_curr >= 0) ;
    ASSERT ((Work->fnr_curr % 2 == 1) || Work->fnr_curr == 0) ;

    /* required dimensions of frontal matrix: fnr_min-by-fnc_min */
    fnrows_new = Work->fnrows_new + 1 ;
    fncols_new = Work->fncols_new + 1 ;
    ASSERT (fnrows_new >= 0) ;
    if (fnrows_new % 2 == 0) fnrows_new++ ;
    fnrows_new += nb ;
    fncols_new += nb ;
    fnr_min = MIN (fnrows_new, fnrows_max) ;
    fnc_min = MIN (fncols_new, fncols_max) ;
    minsize = fnr_min * fnc_min ;
    if (INT_OVERFLOW ((double) fnr_min * (double) fnc_min * sizeof (Entry)))
    {
	/* :: the minimum front size is bigger than the integer maximum :: */
	return (FALSE) ;
    }
    ASSERT (fnr_min >= 0) ;
    ASSERT (fnr_min % 2 == 1) ;

    DEBUG0 (("Min     : "ID"-by-"ID"\n", fnr_min, fnc_min)) ;

    /* grow the front to fnr2-by-fnc2, but no bigger than the maximum,
     * and no smaller than the minumum. */
    DEBUG0 (("Desired : ("ID"+"ID")-by-("ID"+"ID")\n", fnr2, nb, fnc2, nb)) ;
    fnr2 += nb ;
    fnc2 += nb ;
    ASSERT (fnr2 >= 0) ;
    if (fnr2 % 2 == 0) fnr2++ ;
    fnr2 = MAX (fnr2, fnr_min) ;
    fnc2 = MAX (fnc2, fnc_min) ;
    fnr2 = MIN (fnr2, fnrows_max) ;
    fnc2 = MIN (fnc2, fncols_max) ;
    DEBUG0 (("Try     : "ID"-by-"ID"\n", fnr2, fnc2)) ;
    ASSERT (fnr2 >= 0) ;
    ASSERT (fnr2 % 2 == 1) ;

    s = ((double) fnr2) * ((double) fnc2) ;
    if (INT_OVERFLOW (s * sizeof (Entry)))
    {
	/* :: frontal matrix size int overflow :: */
	/* the desired front size is bigger than the integer maximum */
	/* compute a such that a*a*s < Int_MAX / sizeof (Entry) */
	double a = 0.9 * sqrt ((Int_MAX / sizeof (Entry)) / s) ;
	fnr2 = MAX (fnr_min, a * fnr2) ;
	fnc2 = MAX (fnc_min, a * fnc2) ;
	/* the new frontal size is a*r*a*c = a*a*s */
	newsize = fnr2 * fnc2 ;
	ASSERT (fnr2 >= 0) ;
	if (fnr2 % 2 == 0) fnr2++ ;
	fnc2 = newsize / fnr2 ;
    }

    fnr2 = MAX (fnr2, fnr_min) ;
    fnc2 = MAX (fnc2, fnc_min) ;
    newsize = fnr2 * fnc2 ;

    ASSERT (fnr2 >= 0) ;
    ASSERT (fnr2 % 2 == 1) ;
    ASSERT (fnr2 >= fnr_min) ;
    ASSERT (fnc2 >= fnc_min) ;
    ASSERT (newsize >= minsize) ;

    /* ---------------------------------------------------------------------- */
    /* free the current front if it is empty of any numerical values */
    /* ---------------------------------------------------------------------- */

    if (E [0] && do_what != 1)
    {
	/* free the current front, if it exists and has nothing in it */
	DEBUG0 (("Freeing empty front\n")) ;
	UMF_mem_free_tail_block (Numeric, E [0]) ;
	E [0] = 0 ;
	Work->Flublock = (Entry *) NULL ;
	Work->Flblock  = (Entry *) NULL ;
	Work->Fublock  = (Entry *) NULL ;
	Work->Fcblock  = (Entry *) NULL ;
    }

    /* ---------------------------------------------------------------------- */
    /* allocate the new front, doing garbage collection if necessary */
    /* ---------------------------------------------------------------------- */

#ifndef NDEBUG
    UMF_allocfail = FALSE ;
    if (UMF_gprob > 0)  /* a double relop, but ignore NaN case */
    {
	double rrr = ((double) (rand ( ))) / (((double) RAND_MAX) + 1) ;
	DEBUG1 (("Check random %e %e\n", rrr, UMF_gprob)) ;
	UMF_allocfail = rrr < UMF_gprob ;
	if (UMF_allocfail) DEBUGm2 (("Random garbage collection (grow)\n")) ;
    }
#endif

    DEBUG0 (("Attempt size: "ID"-by-"ID"\n", fnr2, fnc2)) ;
    eloc = UMF_mem_alloc_tail_block (Numeric, UNITS (Entry, newsize)) ;

    if (!eloc)
    {
	/* Do garbage collection, realloc, and try again. Compact the current
	 * contribution block in the front to fnrows-by-fncols.  Note that
	 * there are no pivot rows/columns in current front.  Do not recompute
	 * Fcpos in UMF_garbage_collection. */
	DEBUGm3 (("get_memory from umf_grow_front\n")) ;
	if (!UMF_get_memory (Numeric, Work, 1 + UNITS (Entry, newsize),
	    Work->fnrows, Work->fncols, FALSE))
	{
	    /* :: out of memory in umf_grow_front :: */
	    return (FALSE) ;	/* out of memory */
	}
	DEBUG0 (("Attempt size: "ID"-by-"ID" again\n", fnr2, fnc2)) ;
	eloc = UMF_mem_alloc_tail_block (Numeric, UNITS (Entry, newsize)) ;
    }

    /* try again with something smaller */
    while ((fnr2 != fnr_min || fnc2 != fnc_min) && !eloc)
    {
	fnr2 = MIN (fnr2 - 2, fnr2 * UMF_REALLOC_REDUCTION) ;
	fnc2 = MIN (fnc2 - 2, fnc2 * UMF_REALLOC_REDUCTION) ;
	ASSERT (fnr_min >= 0) ;
	ASSERT (fnr_min % 2 == 1) ;
	fnr2 = MAX (fnr_min, fnr2) ;
	fnc2 = MAX (fnc_min, fnc2) ;
	ASSERT (fnr2 >= 0) ;
	if (fnr2 % 2 == 0) fnr2++ ;
	newsize = fnr2 * fnc2 ;
	DEBUGm3 (("Attempt smaller size: "ID"-by-"ID" minsize "ID"-by-"ID"\n",
	    fnr2, fnc2, fnr_min, fnc_min)) ;
	eloc = UMF_mem_alloc_tail_block (Numeric, UNITS (Entry, newsize)) ;
    }

    /* try again with the smallest possible size */
    if (!eloc)
    {
	fnr2 = fnr_min ;
	fnc2 = fnc_min ;
	newsize = minsize ;
	DEBUG0 (("Attempt minsize: "ID"-by-"ID"\n", fnr2, fnc2)) ;
	eloc = UMF_mem_alloc_tail_block (Numeric, UNITS (Entry, newsize)) ;
    }

    if (!eloc)
    {
	/* out of memory */
	return (FALSE) ;
    }

    ASSERT (fnr2 >= 0) ;
    ASSERT (fnr2 % 2 == 1) ;
    ASSERT (fnr2 >= fnr_min && fnc2 >= fnc_min) ;

    /* ---------------------------------------------------------------------- */
    /* copy the old frontal matrix into the new one */
    /* ---------------------------------------------------------------------- */

    /* old contribution block (if any) */
    fnr_curr = Work->fnr_curr ;	    /* garbage collection can change fn*_curr */
    ASSERT (fnr_curr >= 0) ;
    ASSERT ((fnr_curr % 2 == 1) || fnr_curr == 0) ;
    fnrows = Work->fnrows ;
    fncols = Work->fncols ;
    Fcold = Work->Fcblock ;

    /* remove nb from the sizes */
    fnr2 -= nb ;
    fnc2 -= nb ;

    /* new frontal matrix */
    Work->Flublock = (Entry *) (Numeric->Memory + eloc) ;
    Work->Flblock  = Work->Flublock + nb * nb ;
    Work->Fublock  = Work->Flblock  + nb * fnr2 ;
    Work->Fcblock  = Work->Fublock  + nb * fnc2 ;
    Fcnew = Work->Fcblock ;

    if (E [0])
    {
	/* copy the old contribution block into the new one */
	for (j = 0 ; j < fncols ; j++)
	{
	    col = Fcols [j] ;
	    DEBUG1 (("copy col "ID" \n",col)) ;
	    ASSERT (col >= 0 && col < Work->n_col) ;
	    for (i = 0 ; i < fnrows ; i++)
	    {
		Fcnew [i] = Fcold [i] ;
	    }
	    Fcnew += fnr2 ;
	    Fcold += fnr_curr ;
	    DEBUG1 (("new offset col "ID" "ID"\n",col, j * fnr2)) ;
	    Fcpos [col] = j * fnr2 ;
	}
    }
    else if (do_what == 2)
    {
	/* just find the new column offsets */
	for (j = 0 ; j < fncols ; j++)
	{
	    col = Fcols [j] ;
	    DEBUG1 (("new offset col "ID" "ID"\n",col, j * fnr2)) ;
	    Fcpos [col] = j * fnr2 ;
	}
    }

    /* free the old frontal matrix */
    UMF_mem_free_tail_block (Numeric, E [0]) ;

    /* ---------------------------------------------------------------------- */
    /* new frontal matrix size */
    /* ---------------------------------------------------------------------- */

    E [0] = eloc ;
    Work->fnr_curr = fnr2 ;	    /* C block is fnr2-by-fnc2 */
    Work->fnc_curr = fnc2 ;
    Work->fcurr_size = newsize ;    /* including LU, L, U, and C blocks */
    Work->do_grow = FALSE ;	    /* the front has just been grown */

    ASSERT (Work->fnr_curr >= 0) ;
    ASSERT (Work->fnr_curr % 2 == 1) ;
    DEBUG0 (("Newly grown front: "ID"+"ID" by "ID"+"ID"\n", Work->fnr_curr,
	nb, Work->fnc_curr, nb)) ;
    return (TRUE) ;
}
예제 #3
0
GLOBAL Int UMF_build_tuples
(
    NumericType *Numeric,
    WorkType *Work
)
{
    /* ---------------------------------------------------------------------- */
    /* local variables */
    /* ---------------------------------------------------------------------- */

    Int e, nrows, ncols, nel, *Rows, *Cols, row, col, n_row, n_col, *E,
	*Row_tuples, *Row_degree, *Row_tlen,
	*Col_tuples, *Col_degree, *Col_tlen, n1 ;
    Element *ep ;
    Unit *p ;
    Tuple tuple, *tp ;

    /* ---------------------------------------------------------------------- */
    /* get parameters */
    /* ---------------------------------------------------------------------- */

    E = Work->E ;
    Col_degree = Numeric->Cperm ;	/* for NON_PIVOTAL_COL macro */
    Row_degree = Numeric->Rperm ;	/* for NON_PIVOTAL_ROW macro */
    Row_tuples = Numeric->Uip ;
    Row_tlen   = Numeric->Uilen ;
    Col_tuples = Numeric->Lip ;
    Col_tlen   = Numeric->Lilen ;
    n_row = Work->n_row ;
    n_col = Work->n_col ;
    nel = Work->nel ;
    n1 = Work->n1 ;

    DEBUG3 (("BUILD_TUPLES: n_row "ID" n_col "ID" nel "ID"\n",
	n_row, n_col, nel)) ;

    /* ---------------------------------------------------------------------- */
    /* allocate space for the tuple lists */
    /* ---------------------------------------------------------------------- */

    /* Garbage collection and memory reallocation have already attempted to */
    /* ensure that there is enough memory for all the tuple lists.  If */
    /* memory allocation fails here, then there is nothing more to be done. */

    for (row = n1 ; row < n_row ; row++)
    {
	if (NON_PIVOTAL_ROW (row))
	{
	    Row_tuples [row] = UMF_mem_alloc_tail_block (Numeric,
		UNITS (Tuple, TUPLES (Row_tlen [row]))) ;
	    if (!Row_tuples [row])
	    {
		/* :: out of memory for row tuples :: */
		DEBUGm4 (("out of memory: build row tuples\n")) ;
		return (FALSE) ;	/* out of memory for row tuples */
	    }
	    Row_tlen [row] = 0 ;
	}
    }

    /* push on stack in reverse order, so column tuples are in the order */
    /* that they will be deleted. */
    for (col = n_col-1 ; col >= n1 ; col--)
    {
	if (NON_PIVOTAL_COL (col))
	{
	    Col_tuples [col] = UMF_mem_alloc_tail_block (Numeric,
		UNITS (Tuple, TUPLES (Col_tlen [col]))) ;
	    if (!Col_tuples [col])
	    {
		/* :: out of memory for col tuples :: */
		DEBUGm4 (("out of memory: build col tuples\n")) ;
		return (FALSE) ;	/* out of memory for col tuples */
	    }
	    Col_tlen [col] = 0 ;
	}
    }

#ifndef NDEBUG
    UMF_dump_memory (Numeric) ;
#endif

    /* ---------------------------------------------------------------------- */
    /* create the tuple lists (exclude element 0) */
    /* ---------------------------------------------------------------------- */

    /* for all elements, in order of creation */
    for (e = 1 ; e <= nel ; e++)
    {
	DEBUG9 (("Adding tuples for element: "ID" at "ID"\n", e, E [e])) ;
	ASSERT (E [e]) ;	/* no external fragmentation */
	p = Numeric->Memory + E [e] ;
	GET_ELEMENT_PATTERN (ep, p, Cols, Rows, ncols) ;
	nrows = ep->nrows ;
	ASSERT (e != 0) ;
	ASSERT (e == 0 || nrows == ep->nrowsleft) ;
	ASSERT (e == 0 || ncols == ep->ncolsleft) ;
	tuple.e = e ;
	for (tuple.f = 0 ; tuple.f < ncols ; tuple.f++)
	{
	    col = Cols [tuple.f] ;
	    ASSERT (col >= n1 && col < n_col) ;
	    ASSERT (NON_PIVOTAL_COL (col)) ;
	    ASSERT (Col_tuples [col]) ;
	    tp = ((Tuple *) (Numeric->Memory + Col_tuples [col]))
		+ Col_tlen [col]++ ;
	    *tp = tuple ;
#ifndef NDEBUG
	    UMF_dump_rowcol (1, Numeric, Work, col, FALSE) ;
#endif
	}
	for (tuple.f = 0 ; tuple.f < nrows ; tuple.f++)
	{
	    row = Rows [tuple.f] ;
	    ASSERT (row >= n1 && row < n_row) ;
	    ASSERT (NON_PIVOTAL_COL (col)) ;
	    ASSERT (Row_tuples [row]) ;
	    tp = ((Tuple *) (Numeric->Memory + Row_tuples [row]))
		+ Row_tlen [row]++ ;
	    *tp = tuple ;
#ifndef NDEBUG
	    UMF_dump_rowcol (0, Numeric, Work, row, FALSE) ;
#endif
	}
    }

    /* ---------------------------------------------------------------------- */
    /* the tuple lists are now valid, and can be scanned */
    /* ---------------------------------------------------------------------- */

#ifndef NDEBUG
    UMF_dump_memory (Numeric) ;
    UMF_dump_matrix (Numeric, Work, FALSE) ;
#endif
    DEBUG3 (("BUILD_TUPLES: done\n")) ;
    return (TRUE) ;
}
예제 #4
0
GLOBAL Int UMF_create_element
(
    NumericType *Numeric,
    WorkType *Work,
    SymbolicType *Symbolic
)
{
    /* ---------------------------------------------------------------------- */
    /* local variables */
    /* ---------------------------------------------------------------------- */

    Int j, col, row, *Fcols, *Frows, fnrows, fncols, *Cols, len, needunits, t1,
        t2, size, e, i, *E, *Fcpos, *Frpos, *Rows, eloc, fnr_curr, f,
        got_memory, *Row_tuples, *Row_degree, *Row_tlen, *Col_tuples, max_mark,
        *Col_degree, *Col_tlen, nn, n_row, n_col, r2, c2, do_Fcpos ;
    Entry *C, *Fcol ;
    Element *ep ;
    Unit *p, *Memory ;
    Tuple *tp, *tp1, *tp2, tuple, *tpend ;
#ifndef NDEBUG
    DEBUG2 (("FRONTAL WRAPUP\n")) ;
    UMF_dump_current_front (Numeric, Work, TRUE) ;
#endif

    /* ---------------------------------------------------------------------- */
    /* get parameters */
    /* ---------------------------------------------------------------------- */

    ASSERT (Work->fnpiv == 0) ;
    ASSERT (Work->fnzeros == 0) ;
    Row_degree = Numeric->Rperm ;
    Row_tuples = Numeric->Uip ;
    Row_tlen   = Numeric->Uilen ;
    Col_degree = Numeric->Cperm ;
    Col_tuples = Numeric->Lip ;
    Col_tlen   = Numeric->Lilen ;
    n_row = Work->n_row ;
    n_col = Work->n_col ;
    nn = MAX (n_row, n_col) ;
    Fcols = Work->Fcols ;
    Frows = Work->Frows ;
    Fcpos = Work->Fcpos ;
    Frpos = Work->Frpos ;
    Memory = Numeric->Memory ;
    fncols = Work->fncols ;
    fnrows = Work->fnrows ;

    tp = (Tuple *) NULL ;
    tp1 = (Tuple *) NULL ;
    tp2 = (Tuple *) NULL ;

    /* ---------------------------------------------------------------------- */
    /* add the current frontal matrix to the degrees of each column */
    /* ---------------------------------------------------------------------- */

    if (!Symbolic->fixQ)
    {
        /* but only if the column ordering is not fixed */
#pragma ivdep
        for (j = 0 ; j < fncols ; j++)
        {
            /* add the current frontal matrix to the degree */
            ASSERT (Fcols [j] >= 0 && Fcols [j] < n_col) ;
            Col_degree [Fcols [j]] += fnrows ;
        }
    }

    /* ---------------------------------------------------------------------- */
    /* add the current frontal matrix to the degrees of each row */
    /* ---------------------------------------------------------------------- */

#pragma ivdep
    for (i = 0 ; i < fnrows ; i++)
    {
        /* add the current frontal matrix to the degree */
        ASSERT (Frows [i] >= 0 && Frows [i] < n_row) ;
        Row_degree [Frows [i]] += fncols ;
    }

    /* ---------------------------------------------------------------------- */
    /* Reset the external degree counters */
    /* ---------------------------------------------------------------------- */

    E = Work->E ;
    max_mark = MAX_MARK (nn) ;

    if (!Work->pivcol_in_front)
    {
        /* clear the external column degrees. no more Usons of current front */
        Work->cdeg0 += (nn + 1) ;
        if (Work->cdeg0 >= max_mark)
        {
            /* guard against integer overflow.  This is very rare */
            DEBUG1 (("Integer overflow, cdeg\n")) ;
            Work->cdeg0 = 1 ;
#pragma ivdep
            for (e = 1 ; e <= Work->nel ; e++)
            {
                if (E [e])
                {
                    ep = (Element *) (Memory + E [e]) ;
                    ep->cdeg = 0 ;
                }
            }
        }
    }

    if (!Work->pivrow_in_front)
    {
        /* clear the external row degrees.  no more Lsons of current front */
        Work->rdeg0 += (nn + 1) ;
        if (Work->rdeg0 >= max_mark)
        {
            /* guard against integer overflow.  This is very rare */
            DEBUG1 (("Integer overflow, rdeg\n")) ;
            Work->rdeg0 = 1 ;
#pragma ivdep
            for (e = 1 ; e <= Work->nel ; e++)
            {
                if (E [e])
                {
                    ep = (Element *) (Memory + E [e]) ;
                    ep->rdeg = 0 ;
                }
            }
        }
    }

    /* ---------------------------------------------------------------------- */
    /* clear row/col offsets */
    /* ---------------------------------------------------------------------- */

    if (!Work->pivrow_in_front)
    {
#pragma ivdep
        for (j = 0 ; j < fncols ; j++)
        {
            Fcpos [Fcols [j]] = EMPTY ;
        }
    }

    if (!Work->pivcol_in_front)
    {
#pragma ivdep
        for (i = 0 ; i < fnrows ; i++)
        {
            Frpos [Frows [i]] = EMPTY ;
        }
    }

    if (fncols <= 0 || fnrows <= 0)
    {
        /* no element to create */
        DEBUG2 (("Element evaporation\n")) ;
        Work->prior_element = EMPTY ;
        return (TRUE) ;
    }

    /* ---------------------------------------------------------------------- */
    /* create element for later assembly */
    /* ---------------------------------------------------------------------- */

#ifndef NDEBUG
    UMF_allocfail = FALSE ;
    if (UMF_gprob > 0)
    {
        double rrr = ((double) (rand ( ))) / (((double) RAND_MAX) + 1) ;
        DEBUG4 (("Check random %e %e\n", rrr, UMF_gprob)) ;
        UMF_allocfail = rrr < UMF_gprob ;
        if (UMF_allocfail) DEBUGm2 (("Random garbage collection (create)\n"));
    }
#endif

    needunits = 0 ;
    got_memory = FALSE ;
    eloc = UMF_mem_alloc_element (Numeric, fnrows, fncols, &Rows, &Cols, &C,
                                  &needunits, &ep) ;

    /* if UMF_get_memory needs to be called */
    if (Work->do_grow)
    {
        /* full compaction of current frontal matrix, since UMF_grow_front will
         * be called next anyway. */
        r2 = fnrows ;
        c2 = fncols ;
        do_Fcpos = FALSE ;
    }
    else
    {
        /* partial compaction. */
        r2 = MAX (fnrows, Work->fnrows_new + 1) ;
        c2 = MAX (fncols, Work->fncols_new + 1) ;
        /* recompute Fcpos if pivot row is in the front */
        do_Fcpos = Work->pivrow_in_front ;
    }

    if (!eloc)
    {
        /* Do garbage collection, realloc, and try again. */
        /* Compact the current front if it needs to grow anyway. */
        /* Note that there are no pivot rows or columns in the current front */
        DEBUGm3 (("get_memory from umf_create_element, 1\n")) ;
        if (!UMF_get_memory (Numeric, Work, needunits, r2, c2, do_Fcpos))
        {
            /* :: out of memory in umf_create_element (1) :: */
            DEBUGm4 (("out of memory: create element (1)\n")) ;
            return (FALSE) ;	/* out of memory */
        }
        got_memory = TRUE ;
        Memory = Numeric->Memory ;
        eloc = UMF_mem_alloc_element (Numeric, fnrows, fncols, &Rows, &Cols, &C,
                                      &needunits, &ep) ;
        ASSERT (eloc >= 0) ;
        if (!eloc)
        {
            /* :: out of memory in umf_create_element (2) :: */
            DEBUGm4 (("out of memory: create element (2)\n")) ;
            return (FALSE) ;	/* out of memory */
        }
    }

    e = ++(Work->nel) ;	/* get the name of this new frontal matrix */
    Work->prior_element = e ;
    DEBUG8 (("wrapup e "ID" nel "ID"\n", e, Work->nel)) ;

    ASSERT (e > 0 && e < Work->elen) ;
    ASSERT (E [e] == 0) ;
    E [e] = eloc ;

    if (Work->pivcol_in_front)
    {
        /* the new element is a Uson of the next frontal matrix */
        ep->cdeg = Work->cdeg0 ;
    }

    if (Work->pivrow_in_front)
    {
        /* the new element is an Lson of the next frontal matrix */
        ep->rdeg = Work->rdeg0 ;
    }

    /* ---------------------------------------------------------------------- */
    /* copy frontal matrix into the new element */
    /* ---------------------------------------------------------------------- */

#pragma ivdep
    for (i = 0 ; i < fnrows ; i++)
    {
        Rows [i] = Frows [i] ;
    }
#pragma ivdep
    for (i = 0 ; i < fncols ; i++)
    {
        Cols [i] = Fcols [i] ;
    }
    Fcol = Work->Fcblock ;
    DEBUG0 (("copy front "ID" by "ID"\n", fnrows, fncols)) ;
    fnr_curr = Work->fnr_curr ;
    ASSERT (fnr_curr >= 0 && fnr_curr % 2 == 1) ;
    for (j = 0 ; j < fncols ; j++)
    {
        copy_column (fnrows, Fcol, C) ;
        Fcol += fnr_curr ;
        C += fnrows ;
    }

    DEBUG8 (("element copied\n")) ;

    /* ---------------------------------------------------------------------- */
    /* add tuples for the new element */
    /* ---------------------------------------------------------------------- */

    tuple.e = e ;

    if (got_memory)
    {

        /* ------------------------------------------------------------------ */
        /* UMF_get_memory ensures enough space exists for each new tuple */
        /* ------------------------------------------------------------------ */

        /* place (e,f) in the element list of each column */
        for (tuple.f = 0 ; tuple.f < fncols ; tuple.f++)
        {
            col = Fcols [tuple.f] ;
            ASSERT (col >= 0 && col < n_col) ;
            ASSERT (NON_PIVOTAL_COL (col)) ;
            ASSERT (Col_tuples [col]) ;
            tp = ((Tuple *) (Memory + Col_tuples [col])) + Col_tlen [col]++ ;
            *tp = tuple ;
        }

        /* ------------------------------------------------------------------ */

        /* place (e,f) in the element list of each row */
        for (tuple.f = 0 ; tuple.f < fnrows ; tuple.f++)
        {
            row = Frows [tuple.f] ;
            ASSERT (row >= 0 && row < n_row) ;
            ASSERT (NON_PIVOTAL_ROW (row)) ;
            ASSERT (Row_tuples [row]) ;
            tp = ((Tuple *) (Memory + Row_tuples [row])) + Row_tlen [row]++ ;
            *tp = tuple ;
        }

    }
    else
    {

        /* ------------------------------------------------------------------ */
        /* place (e,f) in the element list of each column */
        /* ------------------------------------------------------------------ */

        /* might not have enough space for each tuple */

        for (tuple.f = 0 ; tuple.f < fncols ; tuple.f++)
        {
            col = Fcols [tuple.f] ;
            ASSERT (col >= 0 && col < n_col) ;
            ASSERT (NON_PIVOTAL_COL (col)) ;
            t1 = Col_tuples [col] ;
            DEBUG1 (("Placing on col:"ID" , tuples at "ID"\n",
                     col, Col_tuples [col])) ;

            size = 0 ;
            len = 0 ;

            if (t1)
            {
                p = Memory + t1 ;
                tp = (Tuple *) p ;
                size = GET_BLOCK_SIZE (p) ;
                len = Col_tlen [col] ;
                tp2 = tp + len ;
            }

            needunits = UNITS (Tuple, len + 1) ;
            DEBUG1 (("len: "ID" size: "ID" needunits: "ID"\n",
                     len, size, needunits));

            if (needunits > size && t1)
            {
                /* prune the tuples */
                tp1 = tp ;
                tp2 = tp ;
                tpend = tp + len ;
                for ( ; tp < tpend ; tp++)
                {
                    e = tp->e ;
                    ASSERT (e > 0 && e <= Work->nel) ;
                    if (!E [e]) continue ;   /* element already deallocated */
                    f = tp->f ;
                    p = Memory + E [e] ;
                    ep = (Element *) p ;
                    p += UNITS (Element, 1) ;
                    Cols = (Int *) p ;
                    ;
                    if (Cols [f] == EMPTY) continue ;	/* already assembled */
                    ASSERT (col == Cols [f]) ;
                    *tp2++ = *tp ;	/* leave the tuple in the list */
                }
                len = tp2 - tp1 ;
                Col_tlen [col] = len ;
                needunits = UNITS (Tuple, len + 1) ;
            }

            if (needunits > size)
            {
                /* no room exists - reallocate elsewhere */
                DEBUG1 (("REALLOCATE Col: "ID", size "ID" to "ID"\n",
                         col, size, 2*needunits)) ;

#ifndef NDEBUG
                UMF_allocfail = FALSE ;
                if (UMF_gprob > 0)  /* a double relop, but ignore NaN case */
                {
                    double rrr = ((double) (rand ( ))) /
                                 (((double) RAND_MAX) + 1) ;
                    DEBUG1 (("Check random %e %e\n", rrr, UMF_gprob)) ;
                    UMF_allocfail = rrr < UMF_gprob ;
                    if (UMF_allocfail) DEBUGm2 (("Random gar. (col tuple)\n")) ;
                }
#endif

                needunits = MIN (2*needunits, (Int) UNITS (Tuple, nn)) ;
                t2 = UMF_mem_alloc_tail_block (Numeric, needunits) ;
                if (!t2)
                {
                    /* :: get memory in umf_create_element (1) :: */
                    /* get memory, reconstruct all tuple lists, and return */
                    /* Compact the current front if it needs to grow anyway. */
                    /* Note: no pivot rows or columns in the current front */
                    DEBUGm4 (("get_memory from umf_create_element, 1\n")) ;
                    return (UMF_get_memory (Numeric, Work, 0, r2, c2,do_Fcpos));
                }
                Col_tuples [col] = t2 ;
                tp2 = (Tuple *) (Memory + t2) ;
                if (t1)
                {
                    for (i = 0 ; i < len ; i++)
                    {
                        *tp2++ = *tp1++ ;
                    }
                    UMF_mem_free_tail_block (Numeric, t1) ;
                }
            }

            /* place the new (e,f) tuple in the element list of the column */
            Col_tlen [col]++ ;
            *tp2 = tuple ;
        }

        /* ------------------------------------------------------------------ */
        /* place (e,f) in the element list of each row */
        /* ------------------------------------------------------------------ */

        for (tuple.f = 0 ; tuple.f < fnrows ; tuple.f++)
        {
            row = Frows [tuple.f] ;
            ASSERT (row >= 0 && row < n_row) ;
            ASSERT (NON_PIVOTAL_ROW (row)) ;
            t1 = Row_tuples [row] ;
            DEBUG1 (("Placing on row:"ID" , tuples at "ID"\n",
                     row, Row_tuples [row])) ;

            size = 0 ;
            len = 0 ;
            if (t1)
            {
                p = Memory + t1 ;
                tp = (Tuple *) p ;
                size = GET_BLOCK_SIZE (p) ;
                len = Row_tlen [row] ;
                tp2 = tp + len ;
            }

            needunits = UNITS (Tuple, len + 1) ;
            DEBUG1 (("len: "ID" size: "ID" needunits: "ID"\n",
                     len, size, needunits)) ;

            if (needunits > size && t1)
            {
                /* prune the tuples */
                tp1 = tp ;
                tp2 = tp ;
                tpend = tp + len ;
                for ( ; tp < tpend ; tp++)
                {
                    e = tp->e ;
                    ASSERT (e > 0 && e <= Work->nel) ;
                    if (!E [e])
                    {
                        continue ;	/* element already deallocated */
                    }
                    f = tp->f ;
                    p = Memory + E [e] ;
                    ep = (Element *) p ;
                    p += UNITS (Element, 1) ;
                    Cols = (Int *) p ;
                    Rows = Cols + (ep->ncols) ;
                    if (Rows [f] == EMPTY) continue ;	/* already assembled */
                    ASSERT (row == Rows [f]) ;
                    *tp2++ = *tp ;	/* leave the tuple in the list */
                }
                len = tp2 - tp1 ;
                Row_tlen [row] = len ;
                needunits = UNITS (Tuple, len + 1) ;
            }

            if (needunits > size)
            {
                /* no room exists - reallocate elsewhere */
                DEBUG1 (("REALLOCATE Row: "ID", size "ID" to "ID"\n",
                         row, size, 2*needunits)) ;

#ifndef NDEBUG
                UMF_allocfail = FALSE ;
                if (UMF_gprob > 0)  /* a double relop, but ignore NaN case */
                {
                    double rrr = ((double) (rand ( ))) /
                                 (((double) RAND_MAX) + 1) ;
                    DEBUG1 (("Check random %e %e\n", rrr, UMF_gprob)) ;
                    UMF_allocfail = rrr < UMF_gprob ;
                    if (UMF_allocfail) DEBUGm2 (("Random gar. (row tuple)\n")) ;
                }
#endif

                needunits = MIN (2*needunits, (Int) UNITS (Tuple, nn)) ;
                t2 = UMF_mem_alloc_tail_block (Numeric, needunits) ;
                if (!t2)
                {
                    /* :: get memory in umf_create_element (2) :: */
                    /* get memory, reconstruct all tuple lists, and return */
                    /* Compact the current front if it needs to grow anyway. */
                    /* Note: no pivot rows or columns in the current front */
                    DEBUGm4 (("get_memory from umf_create_element, 2\n")) ;
                    return (UMF_get_memory (Numeric, Work, 0, r2, c2,do_Fcpos));
                }
                Row_tuples [row] = t2 ;
                tp2 = (Tuple *) (Memory + t2) ;
                if (t1)
                {
                    for (i = 0 ; i < len ; i++)
                    {
                        *tp2++ = *tp1++ ;
                    }
                    UMF_mem_free_tail_block (Numeric, t1) ;
                }
            }

            /* place the new (e,f) tuple in the element list of the row */
            Row_tlen [row]++ ;
            *tp2 = tuple ;
        }

    }

    /* ---------------------------------------------------------------------- */

#ifndef NDEBUG
    DEBUG1 (("Done extending\nFINAL: element row pattern: len="ID"\n", fncols));
    for (j = 0 ; j < fncols ; j++) DEBUG1 ((""ID"\n", Fcols [j])) ;
    DEBUG1 (("FINAL: element col pattern:  len="ID"\n", fnrows)) ;
    for (j = 0 ; j < fnrows ; j++) DEBUG1 ((""ID"\n", Frows [j])) ;
    for (j = 0 ; j < fncols ; j++)
    {
        col = Fcols [j] ;
        ASSERT (col >= 0 && col < n_col) ;
        UMF_dump_rowcol (1, Numeric, Work, col, !Symbolic->fixQ) ;
    }
    for (j = 0 ; j < fnrows ; j++)
    {
        row = Frows [j] ;
        ASSERT (row >= 0 && row < n_row) ;
        UMF_dump_rowcol (0, Numeric, Work, row, TRUE) ;
    }
    if (n_row < 1000 && n_col < 1000)
    {
        UMF_dump_memory (Numeric) ;
    }
    DEBUG1 (("New element, after filling with stuff: "ID"\n", e)) ;
    UMF_dump_element (Numeric, Work, e, TRUE) ;
    if (nn < 1000)
    {
        DEBUG4 (("Matrix dump, after New element: "ID"\n", e)) ;
        UMF_dump_matrix (Numeric, Work, TRUE) ;
    }
    DEBUG3 (("FRONTAL WRAPUP DONE\n")) ;
#endif

    return (TRUE) ;
}