int CV_CalcHistTest::prepare_test_case( int test_case_idx )
{
int code = CV_BaseHistTest::prepare_test_case( test_case_idx );
if( code > 0 )
{
CvRNG* rng = ts->get_rng();
int i;
for( i = 0; i <= CV_MAX_DIM; i++ )
{
if( i < cdims )
{
int nch = 1; //cvTsRandInt(rng) % 3 + 1;
images[i] = cvCreateImage( img_size,
img_type == CV_8U ? IPL_DEPTH_8U : IPL_DEPTH_32F, nch );
channels[i] = cvTsRandInt(rng) % nch;
cvRandArr( rng, images[i], CV_RAND_UNI,
cvScalarAll(low), cvScalarAll(high) );
}
else if( i == CV_MAX_DIM && cvTsRandInt(rng) % 2 )
{
// create mask
images[i] = cvCreateImage( img_size, IPL_DEPTH_8U, 1 );
// make ~25% pixels in the mask non-zero
cvRandArr( rng, images[i], CV_RAND_UNI,
cvScalarAll(-2), cvScalarAll(2) );
}
}
}
return code;
}
int CV_CalcBackProjectTest::prepare_test_case( int test_case_idx )
{
int code = CV_BaseHistTest::prepare_test_case( test_case_idx );
if( code > 0 )
{
CvRNG* rng = ts->get_rng();
int i, j, n, img_len = img_size.width*img_size.height;
for( i = 0; i < CV_MAX_DIM + 3; i++ )
{
if( i < cdims )
{
int nch = 1; //cvTsRandInt(rng) % 3 + 1;
images[i] = cvCreateImage( img_size,
img_type == CV_8U ? IPL_DEPTH_8U : IPL_DEPTH_32F, nch );
channels[i] = cvTsRandInt(rng) % nch;
cvRandArr( rng, images[i], CV_RAND_UNI,
cvScalarAll(low), cvScalarAll(high) );
}
else if( i == CV_MAX_DIM && cvTsRandInt(rng) % 2 )
{
// create mask
images[i] = cvCreateImage( img_size, IPL_DEPTH_8U, 1 );
// make ~25% pixels in the mask non-zero
cvRandArr( rng, images[i], CV_RAND_UNI,
cvScalarAll(-2), cvScalarAll(2) );
}
else if( i > CV_MAX_DIM )
{
images[i] = cvCreateImage( img_size, images[0]->depth, 1 );
}
}
cvTsCalcHist( images, hist[0], images[CV_MAX_DIM], channels );
// now modify the images a bit to add some zeros go to the backprojection
n = cvTsRandInt(rng) % (img_len/20+1);
for( i = 0; i < cdims; i++ )
{
char* data = images[i]->imageData;
for( j = 0; j < n; j++ )
{
int idx = cvTsRandInt(rng) % img_len;
double val = cvTsRandReal(rng)*(high - low) + low;
if( img_type == CV_8U )
((uchar*)data)[idx] = (uchar)cvRound(val);
else
((float*)data)[idx] = (float)val;
}
}
}
return code;
}
kalman::kalman(int winwidth, int winheight,CvRect rect)
{
cvkalman = cvCreateKalman(4, 2, 0);
process_noise = cvCreateMat(4, 1, CV_32FC1);
measurement = cvCreateMat(2, 1, CV_32FC1);
rng = cvRNG(-1);
float A[4][4] = {
1, 0, 1, 0,
0, 1, 0, 1,
0, 0, 1, 0,
0, 0, 0, 1
};
this->rect = rect;
memcpy(cvkalman->transition_matrix->data.fl,A,sizeof(A));
cvSetIdentity(cvkalman->measurement_matrix,cvRealScalar(1));
cvSetIdentity(cvkalman->process_noise_cov,cvRealScalar(1e-5));
cvSetIdentity(cvkalman->measurement_noise_cov, cvRealScalar(1e-1));
cvSetIdentity(cvkalman->error_cov_post, cvRealScalar(1));
cvRandArr(&rng, cvkalman->state_post, CV_RAND_UNI, cvRealScalar(0), cvRealScalar(winheight>winwidth ? winwidth : winheight));
//cvNamedWindow("kalman",1);
img = cvCreateImage(cvSize(winwidth, winheight), 8, 3);
cvSet(img, cvScalar(255, 255, 255, 0));
cvRectangle(img, cvPoint(rect.x, rect.y), cvPoint(rect.x+rect.width, rect.y+rect.height), cvScalar(255, 0, 0));
//cvShowImage("kalman",img);
initlinklist(nl);
sum = 0;
num = 0;
}
pstable_l2_func(int _d, int _k, double _r, CvRNG& rng)
: d(_d), k(_k), r(_r) {
assert(sizeof(T) == CV_ELEM_SIZE1(cvtype));
a = cvCreateMat(k, d, cvtype);
b = cvCreateMat(k, 1, cvtype);
r1 = cvCreateMat(k, 1, CV_32SC1);
r2 = cvCreateMat(k, 1, CV_32SC1);
cvRandArr(&rng, a, CV_RAND_NORMAL, cvScalar(0), cvScalar(1));
cvRandArr(&rng, b, CV_RAND_UNI, cvScalar(0), cvScalar(r));
cvRandArr(&rng, r1, CV_RAND_UNI,
cvScalar(std::numeric_limits<int>::min()),
cvScalar(std::numeric_limits<int>::max()));
cvRandArr(&rng, r2, CV_RAND_UNI,
cvScalar(std::numeric_limits<int>::min()),
cvScalar(std::numeric_limits<int>::max()));
}
void CV_BaseHistTest::init_hist( int /*test_case_idx*/, int hist_i )
{
if( gen_random_hist )
{
CvRNG* rng = ts->get_rng();
CvArr* h = hist[hist_i]->bins;
if( hist_type == CV_HIST_ARRAY )
{
cvRandArr( rng, h, CV_RAND_UNI,
cvScalarAll(0), cvScalarAll(gen_hist_max_val) );
}
else
{
int i, j, total_size = 1, nz_count;
int idx[CV_MAX_DIM];
for( i = 0; i < cdims; i++ )
total_size *= dims[i];
nz_count = cvTsRandInt(rng) % MAX( total_size/4, 100 );
nz_count = MIN( nz_count, total_size );
// a zero number of non-zero elements should be allowed
for( i = 0; i < nz_count; i++ )
{
for( j = 0; j < cdims; j++ )
idx[j] = cvTsRandInt(rng) % dims[j];
cvSetRealND( h, idx, cvTsRandReal(rng)*gen_hist_max_val );
}
}
}
}
void GaussianDiag3D::AddNoise(double* vin, double* vout)
{
/* Tirage aleatoire du bruit des parametres continus (m=0 sd=1) */
cvRandArr(&this->rng_state,this->RandVectorMat,CV_RAND_NORMAL,cvRealScalar(0),cvRealScalar(1));
vout[0] = vin[0] + this->cholcov[0]*this->RandVector[0];
vout[1] = vin[1] + this->cholcov[4]*this->RandVector[1];
vout[2] = vin[2] + this->cholcov[8]*this->RandVector[2];
}
/* Fills array with random numbers */
void cvRand( CvRandState* state, CvArr* arr )
{
if( !state )
{
cvError( CV_StsNullPtr, "cvRand", "Null pointer to RNG state", "cvcompat.h", 0 );
return;
}
cvRandArr( &state->state, arr, state->disttype, state->param[0], state->param[1] );
}
void GaussianND::Draw(double* mm, double* vout)
{
int i,j;
double* ptcholcov;
/* Tirage aleatoire du bruit des parametres continus (m=0 sd=1) */
cvRandArr(&this->rng_state,this->RandVectorMat,CV_RAND_NORMAL,cvRealScalar(0),cvRealScalar(1));
/* Tir autour de la moyenne mean avec une covariance cov */
for(i=0,ptcholcov=this->cholcov;i<this->dim;i++,ptcholcov+=this->dim)
{
vout[i] = mm[i];
for(j=0;j<this->dim;j++)
vout[i]+=ptcholcov[j]*this->RandVector[j];
}
}
int
main (int argc, char **argv)
{
IplImage *img = 0;
CvRNG rng = cvRNG(cvGetTickCount());
CvRect inner[RECT_NUM], outer;
int i;
CvMat *rnum = cvCreateMat(RECT_NUM*2, 1, CV_32SC2);
// (1)allocate and initialize an image
img = cvCreateImage(cvSize(640, 480), IPL_DEPTH_8U, 3);
cvRectangle(img, cvPoint(0,0), cvPoint(640,480), CV_RGB(100,100,100), CV_FILLED, 8, 0);
// (2)generate rundom coordinates within a center space
cvRandArr(&rng, rnum, CV_RAND_UNI, cvScalar(img->width/8, img->height/8, 0, 0), cvScalar(img->width*7./8, img->height*7./8,0,0));
// (3)draw rectangles based on generated coordinates
for(i=0; i<RECT_NUM; i++) {
int x1 = rnum->data.i[i*4+0];
int y1 = rnum->data.i[i*4+1];
int x2 = rnum->data.i[i*4+2];
int y2 = rnum->data.i[i*4+3];
CvPoint tl = cvPoint(MIN(x1, x2), MIN(y1,y2));
CvPoint br = cvPoint(MAX(x1, x2), MAX(y1,y2));
cvRectangle(img, tl, br, CV_RGB(255,200,200), 2, 8, 0);
inner[i] = cvRect(tl.x, tl.y, br.x-tl.x, br.y-tl.y);
}
// (4)find a minimum rectangle including all rectangles
outer = inner[0];
for(i=1; i<RECT_NUM; i++)
outer = cvMaxRect(&outer, &inner[i]);
cvRectangle(img, cvPoint(outer.x, outer.y),
cvPoint(outer.x+outer.width, outer.y+outer.height), CV_RGB(255,0,0), 3, 8, 0);
// (5)show the iamge, and quit when any key pressed
cvNamedWindow ("BoundingRect", CV_WINDOW_AUTOSIZE);
cvShowImage ("BoundingRect", img);
cvWaitKey (0);
cvDestroyWindow("BoundingRect");
cvReleaseImage(&img);
return 0;
}
/*!
* \brief Add gaussian noise to a point sequence.
*
* \param[in] input point sequence
* \param[out] output point sequence (noisy)
*/
static void add_awgn (ptseq proto, ptseq *dst)
{
int num = proto.ptr->total;
CvMat *noise = cvCreateMat(num, 2, CV_32FC1);
//CvMat *ang_bias = cvCreateMat(num, 2, CV_32FC1);
cvRandArr(&rng_state, noise, CV_RAND_NORMAL,
cvScalar(0,0,0,0), cvScalar(XVAR,YVAR,0,0));
int i;
for (i=0; i<num; i++) {
CvPoint p = ptseq_get(proto, i);
p.x += (int)cvmGet(noise, i, 0);
p.y += (int)cvmGet(noise, i, 1);
ptseq_add(*dst, p);
}
}
void CV_PyrSegmentationTest::run( int /*start_from*/ )
{
const int level = 5;
const double range = 20;
int code = CvTS::OK;
CvPoint _cp[] ={{33,33}, {43,33}, {43,43}, {33,43}};
CvPoint _cp2[] ={{50,50}, {70,50}, {70,70}, {50,70}};
CvPoint* cp = _cp;
CvPoint* cp2 = _cp2;
CvConnectedComp *dst_comp[3];
CvRect rect[3] = {{50,50,21,21}, {0,0,128,128}, {33,33,11,11}};
double a[3] = {441.0, 15822.0, 121.0};
/* ippiPoint cp3[] ={130,130, 150,130, 150,150, 130,150}; */
/* CvPoint cp[] ={0,0, 5,5, 5,0, 10,5, 10,0, 15,5, 15,0}; */
int nPoints = 4;
int block_size = 1000;
CvMemStorage *storage; /* storage for connected component writing */
CvSeq *comp;
CvRNG* rng = ts->get_rng();
int i, j, iter;
IplImage *image, *image_f, *image_s;
CvSize size = {128, 128};
const int threshold1 = 50, threshold2 = 50;
rect[1].width = size.width;
rect[1].height = size.height;
a[1] = size.width*size.height - a[0] - a[2];
OPENCV_CALL( storage = cvCreateMemStorage( block_size ) );
for( iter = 0; iter < 2; iter++ )
{
int channels = iter == 0 ? 1 : 3;
int mask[] = {0,0,0};
image = cvCreateImage(size, 8, channels );
image_s = cvCloneImage( image );
image_f = cvCloneImage( image );
if( channels == 1 )
{
int color1 = 30, color2 = 110, color3 = 180;
cvSet( image, cvScalarAll(color1));
cvFillPoly( image, &cp, &nPoints, 1, cvScalar(color2));
cvFillPoly( image, &cp2, &nPoints, 1, cvScalar(color3));
}
else
{
CvScalar color1 = CV_RGB(30,30,30), color2 = CV_RGB(255,0,0), color3 = CV_RGB(0,255,0);
assert( channels == 3 );
cvSet( image, color1 );
cvFillPoly( image, &cp, &nPoints, 1, color2);
cvFillPoly( image, &cp2, &nPoints, 1, color3);
}
cvRandArr( rng, image_f, CV_RAND_UNI, cvScalarAll(0), cvScalarAll(range*2) );
cvAddWeighted( image, 1, image_f, 1, -range, image_f );
cvPyrSegmentation( image_f, image_s,
storage, &comp,
level, threshold1, threshold2 );
if(comp->total != 3)
{
ts->printf( CvTS::LOG,
"The segmentation function returned %d (not 3) components\n", comp->total );
code = CvTS::FAIL_INVALID_OUTPUT;
goto _exit_;
}
/* read the connected components */
dst_comp[0] = (CvConnectedComp*)CV_GET_SEQ_ELEM( CvConnectedComp, comp, 0 );
dst_comp[1] = (CvConnectedComp*)CV_GET_SEQ_ELEM( CvConnectedComp, comp, 1 );
dst_comp[2] = (CvConnectedComp*)CV_GET_SEQ_ELEM( CvConnectedComp, comp, 2 );
/*{
for( i = 0; i < 3; i++ )
{
CvRect r = dst_comp[i]->rect;
cvRectangle( image_s, cvPoint(r.x,r.y), cvPoint(r.x+r.width,r.y+r.height),
CV_RGB(255,255,255), 3, 8, 0 );
}
cvNamedWindow( "test", 1 );
cvShowImage( "test", image_s );
cvWaitKey(0);
}*/
code = cvTsCmpEps2( ts, image, image_s, 10, false, "the output image" );
if( code < 0 )
goto _exit_;
for( i = 0; i < 3; i++)
{
for( j = 0; j < 3; j++ )
{
if( !mask[j] && dst_comp[i]->area == a[j] &&
dst_comp[i]->rect.x == rect[j].x &&
dst_comp[i]->rect.y == rect[j].y &&
dst_comp[i]->rect.width == rect[j].width &&
dst_comp[i]->rect.height == rect[j].height )
{
mask[j] = 1;
break;
}
}
if( j == 3 )
{
ts->printf( CvTS::LOG, "The component #%d is incorrect\n", i );
code = CvTS::FAIL_BAD_ACCURACY;
goto _exit_;
}
}
cvReleaseImage(&image_f);
cvReleaseImage(&image);
cvReleaseImage(&image_s);
}
_exit_:
cvReleaseMemStorage( &storage );
cvReleaseImage(&image_f);
cvReleaseImage(&image);
cvReleaseImage(&image_s);
if( code < 0 )
ts->set_failed_test_info( code );
}
int main()
{
#define MAX_CLUSTER 5
CvScalar color_tab[MAX_CLUSTER];
IplImage* img = cvCreateImage(cvSize(500,500) , 8 , 3);
CvRNG rng = cvRNG(0xffffffff);
color_tab[0] = CV_RGB(255 , 0 , 0);
color_tab[1] = CV_RGB( 0 , 255 , 0);
color_tab[2] = CV_RGB(100 , 100 , 255);
color_tab[3] = CV_RGB(255 , 0 , 255);
color_tab[4] = CV_RGB(255 , 255 , 0);
cvNamedWindow("clusters" , 1);
while(1)
{
int cluster_count = cvRandInt(&rng)%MAX_CLUSTER + 1;
int sample_count = cvRandInt(&rng)%1000 + 1;
CvMat* points = cvCreateMat(sample_count , 1 , CV_32FC2);
CvMat* clusters = cvCreateMat(sample_count , 1 ,CV_32SC1);
int k;
for (k = 0 ; k<cluster_count ; k++)
{
CvPoint center;
CvMat point_chunk;
center.x = cvRandInt(&rng)%(img->width);
center.y = cvRandInt(&rng)%(img->height);
cvGetRows( points , &point_chunk ,
k*sample_count/cluster_count ,
(k+1)*sample_count/cluster_count ,
1);
cvRandArr(&rng , &point_chunk , CV_RAND_NORMAL ,
cvScalar(center.x , center.y , 0 , 0),
cvScalar(img->width/6 , img->height/6 , 0 , 0) );
}
int i;
for (i = 0; i<sample_count/2 ; i++)
{//random find two and exchange
CvPoint2D32f* pt1 = (CvPoint2D32f*)points->data.fl + cvRandInt(&rng)%sample_count;
CvPoint2D32f* pt2 = (CvPoint2D32f*)points->data.fl + cvRandInt(&rng)%sample_count;
CvPoint2D32f temp;
CV_SWAP(*pt1 , *pt2 , temp);
}
cvKMeans2(points , cluster_count , clusters ,
cvTermCriteria(CV_TERMCRIT_EPS+CV_TERMCRIT_ITER,10,1.0),
1, 0, 0, 0, 0);
cvZero(img);
for (i = 0; i<sample_count/2 ; i++)
{
CvPoint2D32f pt = ((CvPoint2D32f*)points->data.fl)[i];
int cluster_idx = clusters->data.i[i];
cvCircle(img , cvPointFrom32f(pt), 2, color_tab[cluster_idx] ,
CV_FILLED, 8, 0);
}
cvReleaseMat(&points);
cvReleaseMat(&clusters);
cvShowImage("clusters" , img);
int key = cvWaitKey(0);
if(key == 27)
break;
}//while(1)
return 0;
}
int main(int argc, char **argv)
{
float priors[] = { 1.0, 10.0 }; // Edible vs poisonos weights
CvMat *var_type;
CvMat *data; // jmh add
data = cvCreateMat(20, 30, CV_8U); // jmh add
var_type = cvCreateMat(data->cols + 1, 1, CV_8U);
cvSet(var_type, cvScalarAll(CV_VAR_CATEGORICAL)); // all these vars
// are categorical
CvDTree *dtree;
dtree = new CvDTree;
dtree->train(data, CV_ROW_SAMPLE, responses, 0, 0, var_type, missing, CvDTreeParams(8, // max depth
10, // min sample count
0, // regression accuracy: N/A here
true, // compute surrogate split,
// as we have missing data
15, // max number of categories
// (use sub-optimal algorithm for
// larger numbers)
10, // cross-validations
true, // use 1SE rule => smaller tree
true, // throw away the pruned tree branches
priors // the array of priors, the bigger
// p_weight, the more attention
// to the poisonous mushrooms
)
);
dtree->save("tree.xml", "MyTree");
dtree->clear();
dtree->load("tree.xml", "MyTree");
#define MAX_CLUSTERS 5
CvScalar color_tab[MAX_CLUSTERS];
IplImage *img = cvCreateImage(cvSize(500, 500), 8, 3);
CvRNG rng = cvRNG(0xffffffff);
color_tab[0] = CV_RGB(255, 0, 0);
color_tab[1] = CV_RGB(0, 255, 0);
color_tab[2] = CV_RGB(100, 100, 255);
color_tab[3] = CV_RGB(255, 0, 255);
color_tab[4] = CV_RGB(255, 255, 0);
cvNamedWindow("clusters", 1);
for (;;) {
int k, cluster_count = cvRandInt(&rng) % MAX_CLUSTERS + 1;
int i, sample_count = cvRandInt(&rng) % 1000 + 1;
CvMat *points = cvCreateMat(sample_count, 1, CV_32FC2);
CvMat *clusters = cvCreateMat(sample_count, 1, CV_32SC1);
/* generate random sample from multivariate
Gaussian distribution */
for (k = 0; k < cluster_count; k++) {
CvPoint center;
CvMat point_chunk;
center.x = cvRandInt(&rng) % img->width;
center.y = cvRandInt(&rng) % img->height;
cvGetRows(points, &point_chunk,
k * sample_count / cluster_count,
k == cluster_count - 1 ? sample_count :
(k + 1) * sample_count / cluster_count);
cvRandArr(&rng, &point_chunk, CV_RAND_NORMAL,
cvScalar(center.x, center.y, 0, 0),
cvScalar(img->width / 6, img->height / 6, 0, 0));
}
/* shuffle samples */
for (i = 0; i < sample_count / 2; i++) {
CvPoint2D32f *pt1 = (CvPoint2D32f *) points->data.fl +
cvRandInt(&rng) % sample_count;
CvPoint2D32f *pt2 = (CvPoint2D32f *) points->data.fl +
cvRandInt(&rng) % sample_count;
CvPoint2D32f temp;
CV_SWAP(*pt1, *pt2, temp);
}
cvKMeans2(points, cluster_count, clusters,
cvTermCriteria(CV_TERMCRIT_EPS + CV_TERMCRIT_ITER, 10, 1.0));
cvZero(img);
for (i = 0; i < sample_count; i++) {
CvPoint2D32f pt = ((CvPoint2D32f *) points->data.fl)[i];
int cluster_idx = clusters->data.i[i];
cvCircle(img, cvPointFrom32f(pt), 2,
color_tab[cluster_idx], CV_FILLED);
}
cvReleaseMat(&points);
cvReleaseMat(&clusters);
cvShowImage("clusters", img);
int key = cvWaitKey(0);
if (key == 27) // 'ESC'
break;
}
}
CV_IMPL void cvRandShuffle( CvArr* arr, CvRNG* rng, double iter_factor )
{
CV_FUNCNAME( "cvRandShuffle" );
__BEGIN__;
const int sizeof_int = (int)sizeof(int);
CvMat stub, *mat = (CvMat*)arr;
int i, j, k, iters, delta = 0;
int cont_flag, arr_size, elem_size, cols, step;
const int pair_buf_sz = 100;
int* pair_buf = (int*)cvStackAlloc( pair_buf_sz*sizeof(pair_buf[0])*2 );
CvMat _pair_buf = cvMat( 1, pair_buf_sz*2, CV_32S, pair_buf );
CvRNG _rng = cvRNG(-1);
uchar* data = 0;
int* idata = 0;
if( !CV_IS_MAT(mat) )
CV_CALL( mat = cvGetMat( mat, &stub ));
if( !rng )
rng = &_rng;
cols = mat->cols;
step = mat->step;
arr_size = cols*mat->rows;
iters = cvRound(iter_factor*arr_size)*2;
cont_flag = CV_IS_MAT_CONT(mat->type);
elem_size = CV_ELEM_SIZE(mat->type);
if( elem_size % sizeof_int == 0 && (cont_flag || step % sizeof_int == 0) )
{
idata = mat->data.i;
step /= sizeof_int;
elem_size /= sizeof_int;
}
else
data = mat->data.ptr;
for( i = 0; i < iters; i += delta )
{
delta = MIN( iters - i, pair_buf_sz*2 );
_pair_buf.cols = delta;
cvRandArr( rng, &_pair_buf, CV_RAND_UNI, cvRealScalar(0), cvRealScalar(arr_size) );
if( cont_flag )
{
if( idata )
for( j = 0; j < delta; j += 2 )
{
int* p = idata + pair_buf[j]*elem_size, *q = idata + pair_buf[j+1]*elem_size, t;
for( k = 0; k < elem_size; k++ )
CV_SWAP( p[k], q[k], t );
}
else
for( j = 0; j < delta; j += 2 )
{
uchar* p = data + pair_buf[j]*elem_size, *q = data + pair_buf[j+1]*elem_size, t;
for( k = 0; k < elem_size; k++ )
CV_SWAP( p[k], q[k], t );
}
}
else
{
if( idata )
for( j = 0; j < delta; j += 2 )
{
int idx1 = pair_buf[j], idx2 = pair_buf[j+1], row1, row2;
int* p, *q, t;
row1 = idx1/step; row2 = idx2/step;
p = idata + row1*step + (idx1 - row1*cols)*elem_size;
q = idata + row2*step + (idx2 - row2*cols)*elem_size;
for( k = 0; k < elem_size; k++ )
CV_SWAP( p[k], q[k], t );
}
else
for( j = 0; j < delta; j += 2 )
{
int idx1 = pair_buf[j], idx2 = pair_buf[j+1], row1, row2;
uchar* p, *q, t;
row1 = idx1/step; row2 = idx2/step;
p = data + row1*step + (idx1 - row1*cols)*elem_size;
q = data + row2*step + (idx2 - row2*cols)*elem_size;
for( k = 0; k < elem_size; k++ )
CV_SWAP( p[k], q[k], t );
}
}
}
__END__;
}
int main(int argc, char** argv)
{
const float A[] = { 1, 1, 0, 1 };//状态转移矩阵
IplImage* img = cvCreateImage( cvSize(500,500), 8, 3 );//创建显示所用的图像
CvKalman* kalman = cvCreateKalman( 2, 1, 0 );//创建cvKalman数据结构，状态向量为2维，观测向量为1维，无激励输入维
CvMat* state = cvCreateMat( 2, 1, CV_32FC1 ); //(phi, delta_phi) 定义了状态变量
CvMat* process_noise = cvCreateMat( 2, 1, CV_32FC1 );// 创建两行一列CV_32FC1的单通道浮点型矩阵
CvMat* measurement = cvCreateMat( 1, 1, CV_32FC1 ); //定义观测变量
CvRNG rng = cvRNG(-1);//初始化一个随机序列函数
char code = -1;
cvZero( measurement );//观测变量矩阵置零
cvNamedWindow( "Kalman", 1 );
for(;;)
{ //用均匀分布或者正态分布的随机数填充输出数组state
cvRandArr( &rng, state, CV_RAND_NORMAL, cvRealScalar(0), cvRealScalar(0.1) );//状态state
memcpy( kalman->transition_matrix->data.fl, A, sizeof(A));//初始化状态转移F矩阵
//cvSetIdentity()用法：把数组中除了行数与列数相等以外的所有元素的值都设置为0；行数与列数相等的元素的值都设置为1
//我们将(第一个前假象阶段的)后验状态初始化为一个随机值
cvSetIdentity( kalman->measurement_matrix, cvRealScalar(1) );//观测矩阵H
cvSetIdentity( kalman->process_noise_cov, cvRealScalar(1e-5) );//过程噪声Q
cvSetIdentity( kalman->measurement_noise_cov, cvRealScalar(1e-1) );//观测噪声R
cvSetIdentity( kalman->error_cov_post, cvRealScalar(1));//后验误差协方差
cvRandArr( &rng, kalman->state_post, CV_RAND_NORMAL, cvRealScalar(0), cvRealScalar(0.1) );//校正状态
//在时机动态系统上开始预测
for(;;)
{
#define calc_point(angle) \
cvPoint( cvRound(img->width/2 + img->width/3*cos(angle)), \
cvRound(img->height/2 - img->width/3*sin(angle)))
float state_angle = state->data.fl[0];
CvPoint state_pt = calc_point(state_angle);
const CvMat* prediction = cvKalmanPredict( kalman, 0 );//计算下一个时间点的预期值，激励项输入为0
float predict_angle = prediction->data.fl[0];
CvPoint predict_pt = calc_point(predict_angle);
float measurement_angle;
CvPoint measurement_pt;
cvRandArr( &rng, measurement, CV_RAND_NORMAL, cvRealScalar(0),
cvRealScalar(sqrt(kalman->measurement_noise_cov->data.fl[0])) );
/* generate measurement */
cvMatMulAdd( kalman->measurement_matrix, state, measurement, measurement );
//cvMatMulAdd(src1,src2,src3,dst)就是实现dist=src1*src2+src3;
measurement_angle = measurement->data.fl[0];
measurement_pt = calc_point(measurement_angle);
//调用Kalman滤波器并赋予其最新的测量值，接下来就是产生过程噪声，然后对状态乘以传递矩阵F完成一次迭代并加上我们产生的过程噪声
/* plot points */
#define draw_cross( center, color, d ) \
cvLine( img, cvPoint( center.x - d, center.y - d ), \
cvPoint( center.x + d, center.y + d ), color, 1, CV_AA, 0); \
cvLine( img, cvPoint( center.x + d, center.y - d ), \
cvPoint( center.x - d, center.y + d ), color, 1, CV_AA, 0 )
cvZero( img );
//使用上面宏定义的函数
draw_cross( state_pt, CV_RGB(255,255,255), 3 );//白色，状态点
draw_cross( measurement_pt, CV_RGB(255,0,0), 3 );//红色，测量点
draw_cross( predict_pt, CV_RGB(0,255,0), 3 );//绿色，估计点
cvLine( img, state_pt, measurement_pt, CV_RGB(255,0,0), 3, CV_AA, 0 );
cvLine( img, state_pt, predict_pt, CV_RGB(255,255,0), 3, CV_AA, 0 );
cvKalmanCorrect( kalman, measurement );//校正新的测量值
cvRandArr( &rng, process_noise, CV_RAND_NORMAL, cvRealScalar(0),
cvRealScalar(sqrt(kalman->process_noise_cov->data.fl[0])));//设置正态分布过程噪声
cvMatMulAdd( kalman->transition_matrix, state, process_noise, state );
cvShowImage( "Kalman", img );
//当按键按下时，开始新的循环，初始矩阵可能会改变，所以移动速率会改变
code = (char) cvWaitKey( 100 );
if( code > 0 )
break;
}
if( code == 27 || code == 'q' || code == 'Q' )
break;
}
cvDestroyWindow("Kalman");
return 0;
}
int CV_CalcBackProjectPatchTest::prepare_test_case( int test_case_idx )
{
int code = CV_BaseHistTest::prepare_test_case( test_case_idx );
if( code > 0 )
{
CvRNG* rng = ts->get_rng();
int i, j, n, img_len = img_size.width*img_size.height;
patch_size.width = cvTsRandInt(rng) % img_size.width + 1;
patch_size.height = cvTsRandInt(rng) % img_size.height + 1;
patch_size.width = MIN( patch_size.width, 30 );
patch_size.height = MIN( patch_size.height, 30 );
factor = 1.;
method = cvTsRandInt(rng) % CV_CompareHistTest::MAX_METHOD;
for( i = 0; i < CV_MAX_DIM + 2; i++ )
{
if( i < cdims )
{
int nch = 1; //cvTsRandInt(rng) % 3 + 1;
images[i] = cvCreateImage( img_size,
img_type == CV_8U ? IPL_DEPTH_8U : IPL_DEPTH_32F, nch );
channels[i] = cvTsRandInt(rng) % nch;
cvRandArr( rng, images[i], CV_RAND_UNI,
cvScalarAll(low), cvScalarAll(high) );
}
else if( i >= CV_MAX_DIM )
{
images[i] = cvCreateImage(
cvSize(img_size.width - patch_size.width + 1,
img_size.height - patch_size.height + 1),
IPL_DEPTH_32F, 1 );
}
}
cvTsCalcHist( images, hist[0], 0, channels );
cvNormalizeHist( hist[0], factor );
// now modify the images a bit
n = cvTsRandInt(rng) % (img_len/10+1);
for( i = 0; i < cdims; i++ )
{
char* data = images[i]->imageData;
for( j = 0; j < n; j++ )
{
int idx = cvTsRandInt(rng) % img_len;
double val = cvTsRandReal(rng)*(high - low) + low;
if( img_type == CV_8U )
((uchar*)data)[idx] = (uchar)cvRound(val);
else
((float*)data)[idx] = (float)val;
}
}
}
return code;
}