void RGBtoXYZ(int R, int G, int B, double *x, double *y, double *z) {
// convert 0..255 into 0..1
double r = R / 255.0;
double g = G / 255.0;
double b = B / 255.0;
// assume sRGB
if (r <= 0.04045) {
r = r / 12.92;
} else {
r = fpow(((r + 0.055) / 1.055), 2.4);
}
if (g <= 0.04045) {
g = g / 12.92;
} else {
g = fpow(((g + 0.055) / 1.055), 2.4);
}
if (b <= 0.04045) {
b = b / 12.92;
} else {
b = fpow(((b + 0.055) / 1.055), 2.4);
}
r *= 100.0;
g *= 100.0;
b *= 100.0;
// [X Y Z] = [r g b][M]
*x = (r * M[0][0]) + (g * M[0][1]) + (b * M[0][2]);
*y = (r * M[1][0]) + (g * M[1][1]) + (b * M[1][2]);
*z = (r * M[2][0]) + (g * M[2][1]) + (b * M[2][2]);
}
void XYZtoLAB(double X, double Y, double Z, double *l, double *a, double *b) {
double x = X / whitePoint[0];
double y = Y / whitePoint[1];
double z = Z / whitePoint[2];
if (x > 0.008856) {
x = fpow(x, 1.0 / 3.0);
} else {
x = (7.787 * x) + (16.0 / 116.0);
}
if (y > 0.008856) {
y = fpow(y, 1.0 / 3.0);
} else {
y = (7.787 * y) + (16.0 / 116.0);
}
if (z > 0.008856) {
z = fpow(z, 1.0 / 3.0);
} else {
z = (7.787 * z) + (16.0 / 116.0);
}
*l = (116.0 * y) - 16.0;
*a = 500.0 * (x - y);
*b = 200.0 * (y - z);
}
// a.k.a Tonelli_Shanks algorithm
int ressol(int n, int p) {
n %= p;
if (n == 0) return 0;
if (legendre(n, p) != 1) return -1;
int q = p - 1, s = 0, z, c;
while (q % 2 == 0) q /= 2, ++s;
while (true) {
z = rand() % (p - 1) + 1;
if (legendre(z, p) == p - 1) break;
}
c = fpow(z, q, p);
int r = fpow(n, (q + 1) / 2, p), t = fpow(n, q, p), m = s;
while (true) {
if (t == 1) return r;
for (int i = 0, tmp = t; i < m; ++i, tmp = 1ll * tmp * tmp % p) {
if (tmp == 1) {
int b = fpow(c, 1 << (m - i - 1), p);
c = 1ll * b * b % p;
r = 1ll * r * b % p;
t = 1ll * t * c % p;
m = i;
break;
}
}
}
return r;
}
void LABtoXYZ(double L, double a, double b, double *xo, double *yo, double *zo) {
double y = (L + 16.0) / 116.0;
double y3 = fpow(y, 3.0);
double x = (a / 500.0) + y;
double x3 = fpow(x, 3.0);
double z = y - (b / 200.0);
double z3 = fpow(z, 3.0);
if (y3 > 0.008856) {
y = y3;
} else {
y = (y - (16.0 / 116.0)) / 7.787;
}
if (x3 > 0.008856) {
x = x3;
} else {
x = (x - (16.0 / 116.0)) / 7.787;
}
if (z3 > 0.008856) {
z = z3;
} else {
z = (z - (16.0 / 116.0)) / 7.787;
}
*xo = x * whitePoint[0];
*yo = y * whitePoint[1];
*zo = z * whitePoint[2];
}
int XYZtoRGB(double X, double Y, double Z, int *R, int *G, int *B) {
double x = X / 100.0;
double y = Y / 100.0;
double z = Z / 100.0;
// [r g b] = [X Y Z][Mi]
double r = (x * Mi[0][0]) + (y * Mi[0][1]) + (z * Mi[0][2]);
double g = (x * Mi[1][0]) + (y * Mi[1][1]) + (z * Mi[1][2]);
double b = (x * Mi[2][0]) + (y * Mi[2][1]) + (z * Mi[2][2]);
// assume sRGB
if (r > 0.0031308) {
r = ((1.055 * fpow(r, 1.0 / 2.4)) - 0.055);
} else {
r = (r * 12.92);
}
if (g > 0.0031308) {
g = ((1.055 * fpow(g, 1.0 / 2.4)) - 0.055);
} else {
g = (g * 12.92);
}
if (b > 0.0031308) {
b = ((1.055 * fpow(b, 1.0 / 2.4)) - 0.055);
} else {
b = (b * 12.92);
}
#if 0
if (r < 0) { r = 0; }
if (g < 0) { g = 0; }
if (b < 0) { b = 0; }
if (r > 1) { r = 1; }
if (g > 1) { g = 1; }
if (b > 1) { b = 1; }
if (r <= 0 || g <= 0 || b <= 0) {
return 0;
}
if (r > 1 || g > 1 || b > 1) {
return 0;
}
if (isnan(r) || isnan(g) || isnan(b)) {
return 0;
}
#endif
*R = r * 255;
*G = g * 255;
*B = b * 255;
return 1;
}
// add minibrick volume
void minilod::addbrick(char *brickname,
float brad,
unsigned int lods,
float stagger)
{
int i;
minibrickdata *newbricks;
float dist;
if (brad<0.0f || stagger<=1.0f) ERRORMSG();
if (brad==0.0f) lods=1;
if (BRICKS==NULL)
{
BMAX=1;
BRICKS=new minibrickdata[BMAX];
}
else if (BNUM>=BMAX)
{
newbricks=new minibrickdata[2*BMAX];
for (i=0; i<BNUM; i++) newbricks[i]=BRICKS[i];
delete[] BRICKS;
BRICKS=newbricks;
BMAX*=2;
}
BRICKS[BNUM].bname=strdup(brickname);
BRICKS[BNUM].brick=new minibrick[lods];
BRICKS[BNUM].brad=brad;
BRICKS[BNUM].lods=lods;
BRICKS[BNUM].stagger=stagger;
for (i=0; i<lods; i++)
{
// set brick pager
BRICKS[BNUM].brick[i].setloader(DBavailable_callback,&BRICKS[BNUM],DBload_callback,
OFFSETLAT,OFFSETLON,SCALEX,SCALEY,SCALEELEV);
// set iso spectrum
BRICKS[BNUM].brick[i].addiso(0.5f,1.0f,1.0f,1.0f,1.0f);
// set render method
BRICKS[BNUM].brick[i].configure_renderpasses(CONFIGURE_BRICKPASSES);
// calculate staggered distance
dist=0.999f*brad*fpow(stagger,i);
// extract meshes
BRICKS[BNUM].brick[i].setdistance(dist);
BRICKS[BNUM].brick[i].extract(0.0f,0.0f,0.0f,-brad,dist,90.0f,1.0f);
BRICKS[BNUM].brick[i].release();
}
BNUM++;
}
// discrete-logarithm, finding y for equation k = x^y % mod
int discrete_logarithm(int x, int mod, int k) {
if (mod == 1) return 0;
int s = 1, g;
for (int i = 0; i < 64; ++i) {
if (s == k) return i;
s = (1ll * s * x) % mod;
}
while ((g = gcd(x, mod)) != 1) {
if (k % g) return -1;
mod /= g;
}
static unordered_map<int, int> M; M.clear();
int q = int(sqrt(double(euler(mod)))) + 1; // mod-1 is also okay
for (int i = 0, b = 1; i < q; ++i) {
if (M.find(b) == M.end()) M[b] = i;
b = (1ll * b * x) % mod;
}
int p = fpow(x, q, mod);
for (int i = 0, b = 1; i <= q; ++i) {
int v = (1ll * k * inverse(b, mod)) % mod;
if (M.find(v) != M.end()) {
int y = i * q + M[v];
if (y >= 64) return y;
}
b = (1ll * b * p) % mod;
}
return -1;
}
float mag_analytic(float temp) /* analytic solution for magnetization */
{
int i;
float mag;
if (temp >= Tc) mag = 0.0;
else mag = fpow( (1.0-pow(sinh(2.0/temp),-4)) , 0.125);
return(mag);
}
int main(){
int n, x;
printf("Insira o numero x:");
scanf("%d", &x);
printf("Insira o numero n, para x^n:");
scanf("%d", &n);
printf("%d^%d=%d\n",x, n, fpow(x, n));
system("PAUSE");
return 0;
}
float get_max_float() {
/*
* IEEE 754
*
* float:
* sign: 1bit, exp: 8bit, frac: 23bit
*
* F = (-1)^sign * frac * 2^exp
*/
int exp_bit = 8;
int frac_bit = 23;
float frac = 1 - fpow(0.5, frac_bit);
float true_frac = 1 + frac;
int exp = xpow(2, exp_bit - 1) - 1;
float times = fpow(2.0, exp);
float max = true_frac * times;
return max;
}
bool miller_rabin(LL n, LL b) { // miller-rabin prime test
LL m = n - 1, cnt = 0;
while (m % 2 == 0) m >>= 1, ++cnt;
LL ret = fpow(b, m, n);
if (ret == 1 || ret == n - 1) return true;
--cnt;
while (cnt >= 0) {
ret = mult64(ret, ret, n);
if (ret == n - 1) return true;
--cnt;
}
return false;
}
int init(int n) { // assert(k <= 19);
int k = 1, N = 2, p;
while (N < n) N <<= 1, ++k;
p = 7 * 17; for (int i = 1; i <= 23 - k; ++i) p *= 2;
E1 = fpow(3, p, P1); F1 = fpow(E1, P1 - 2, P1); I1 = fpow(N, P1 - 2, P1);
p = 9 * 211; for (int i = 1; i <= 19 - k; ++i) p *= 2;
E2 = fpow(5, p, P2); F2 = fpow(E2, P2 - 2, P2); I2 = fpow(N, P2 - 2, P2);
return N;
}
ull fpow(int a,int n)
{
if(n==0)
return 1;
if(n==1)
return a;
else
{
ull temp=fpow(a,n/2);
if(n%2)
return (((temp*temp)%MOD)*a)%MOD;
else
return (temp*temp)%MOD;
}
}
// primtive root, finding the number with order p-1
int primtive_root(int p) {
vector<int> factor;
int tmp = p - 1;
for (int i = 2; i * i <= tmp; ++i) {
if (tmp % i == 0) {
factor.push_back(i);
while (tmp % i == 0) tmp /= i;
}
}
if (tmp != 1) factor.push_back(tmp);
for (int root = 1; ; ++root) {
bool flag = true;
for (int i = 0; i < factor.size(); ++i) {
if (fpow(root, (p - 1) / factor[i], p) == 1) {
flag = false;
break;
}
}
if (flag) return root;
}
}
int main()
{
int t,n,m,k,i;
ull val=0;
ull inverse[100001],factorial[300001];
factorial[0]=1;
for(i=1;i<=300000;i++)
{
factorial[i]=factorial[i-1]*i;
if(factorial[i]>MOD)
factorial[i]%=MOD;
}
inverse[0]=0;
inverse[1]=1;
for(i=2;i<=100000;i++)
{
inverse[i]=inverse[i-1]*fpow(i,MOD-2);
if(inverse[i]>MOD)
inverse[i]%=MOD;
}
scanf("%d",&t);
while(t--)
{
scanf("%d%d%d",&n,&m,&k);
val=factorial[n+m+k];
val*=inverse[n];
if(val>=MOD)
val%=MOD;
val*=inverse[m];
if(val>=MOD)
val%=MOD;
val*=inverse[k];
if(val>=MOD)
val%=MOD;
printf("%lld\n",val);
}
return 0;
}
void output(uint32_t presum[], int n) {
omp_set_num_threads(4);
int MM = 4;
uint32_t hash[4] = {};
#pragma omp parallel for
for (int i = 0; i < MM; i++) {
int l = (i*n)/MM+1;
int r = ((i+1)*n)/MM;
uint32_t h = 0;
for (int j = l; j <= r; j++)
h = h * SKEY + presum[j];
hash[i] = h;
}
uint32_t ret = 0;
for (int i = 0; i < MM; i++) {
int l = i * n / MM+1;
int r = (i+1)*n/ MM;
ret = ret * fpow(SKEY, r - l+ 1) + hash[i];
}
printf("%" PRIu32 "\n", ret);
}
int main(){
int t;
scanf("%d",&t);
for (int cases = 1; cases <= t ; ++cases) {
printf("Case #%d:\n",cases);
scanf("%d%d",&n,&m);
for (int i = 1; i <= n; ++i) scanf("%s",op[i]);
while (m--){
int tp;
scanf("%d",&tp);
if (tp == 1){
int x;
scanf("%d",&x);
int tmp ;
for (int i = 1; i <= n; ++i) {
sscanf(op[i] + 1,"%d",&tmp);
if (op[i][0] == '*'){
x = x*tmp%MOD;
} else if (op[i][0] == '+'){
x = (x+tmp)%MOD;
} else{
x = fpow(x,tmp);
}
}
printf("%d\n",x);
} else{
int pos;
scanf("%d",&pos);
scanf("%s",op[pos]);
}
}
}
}
int inverse(int x, int mod) { // multiplicative inverse
int a = 0, b = 0;
if (exgcd(x, mod, a, b) != 1) return -1;
return (a % mod + mod) % mod; // C1: x & mod are co-prime
return fpow(x, mod - 2, mod); // C2: mod is prime
}
int legendre(int n, int p) {
return fpow(n, (p - 1) / 2, p);
}
void calculate(double *photoperiod,
double *mean_air_temp,
double *daily_precipitation,
double *popdens,
double *param,
double *n0,
double *n10,
double *n1,
double *n2,
double *n3,
double *n4fj,
double *n4f,
double *nBS,
double *K,
double *d4,
double *d4s,
double *F4,
double *egg,
double *percent_strong,
int TIME) {
double par[2];
if (TIME==-1) {
(*n0) = param[alpha_dp_egg];
(*n10) = 0.0;
(*n1) = param[alpha_0];
(*n2) = param[alpha_1];
(*n3) = param[alpha_2];
(*n4fj) = 0.0;
(*n4f) = param[alpha_3];
(*nBS) = 0.0;
(*K) = 0.0;
(*d4) = 0.0;
(*d4s) = 0.0;
(*F4) = 0.0;
(*egg) = (*n0) + (*n10) + (*n1);
(*percent_strong) = 0.0;
if ((*n10) > 0) incubator_add(&conn10,(*n10),0.0);
if ((*n1) > 0) incubator_add(&conn1,(*n1),0.0);
if ((*n2) > 0) incubator_add(&conn2,(*n2),0.0);
if ((*n3) > 0) incubator_add(&conn3,(*n3),0.0);
if ((*n4f) > 0) incubator_add(&conn4,(*n4f),0.0);
return;
}
// ---------------------
// modelDelayAalbopictus
// ---------------------
double deltaT = param[alpha_deltaT];
double Ta = mean_air_temp[TIME];
double Tw = Ta+deltaT;
// Number of breeding sites
(*nBS) = param[alpha_BS_pdens]*(*popdens) + param[alpha_BS_dprec]*daily_precipitation[TIME] + param[alpha_BS_nevap]*(*nBS);
(*K) = param[alpha_BS_nevap]==1.0 ? (*nBS)/(TIME+1.0) : (*nBS)*(param[alpha_BS_nevap]-1.0)/(pow(param[alpha_BS_nevap],(TIME+1))-1.0);
// Density of the immature stages
// Assume uniform distribution across all breeding sites
double n23dens = ((incubator_sum(conn2)+incubator_sum(conn3))/(*K));
// Fecundity
double bigF4 = poly(Ta,param[alpha_F4_1],param[alpha_F4_2],param[alpha_F4_3]);
(*F4) = bigF4;
double densd = expd(n23dens,param[alpha_n23_surv]);
// Egg survival (diapausing eggs)
double p0_Ta = flin(Ta,param[alpha_p0_1],param[alpha_p0_2]);
// Egg survival (non-diapausing eggs)
double p1_Tw = dsig(Tw,param[alpha_p1_1],param[alpha_p1_2],param[alpha_p1_3]);
// Larval survival
double p2_Tw = dsig(Tw,param[alpha_p2_1],param[alpha_p2_2],param[alpha_p2_3])*densd;
// Pupal survival
double p3_Tw = dsig(Tw,param[alpha_p3_1],param[alpha_p3_2],param[alpha_p3_3])*densd;
double densdev = fpow(n23dens,param[alpha_n23_1],param[alpha_n23_2]*poly(Tw,param[alpha_n23_3],param[alpha_n23_4],param[alpha_n23_5]));
// Egg development time
double d1 = poly(Tw,param[alpha_d1_1],param[alpha_d1_2],param[alpha_d1_3]);
// Larval development time
double d2 = poly(Tw,param[alpha_d2_1],param[alpha_d2_2],param[alpha_d2_3])*densdev;
// Pupal development time
double d3 = poly(Tw,param[alpha_d3_1],param[alpha_d3_2],param[alpha_d3_3])*densdev;
// Time to first blood meal
double alpha_blood = poly(Ta,param[alpha_tbm_1],param[alpha_tbm_2],param[alpha_tbm_3]);
// Adult lifetime (from emergence)
double dd4 = dsig2(Ta,param[alpha_d4_1],param[alpha_d4_2],param[alpha_d4_3]);
double dd4s = gamma_matrix_sd*dd4;
(*d4) = dd4;
(*d4s) = dd4s;
// Update development times and survival proportions
// of the immature stages and juvenile adults
//
// Diapausing eggs
(*n0) = p0_Ta*(*n0);
//
// Normal and tagged eggs
par[0] = p1_Tw; par[1] = 1.0/max(1.0,d1);
incubator_update(conn1,update,par);
incubator_update(conn10,update,par);
//
// Larvae
par[0] = p2_Tw; par[1] = 1.0/max(1.0,d2);
incubator_update(conn2,update,par);
//
// Pupae
par[0] = p3_Tw; par[1] = 1.0/max(1.0,d3);
incubator_update(conn3,update,par);
//
// Adult females
incubator_develop_survive(&conn4,-1,0,dd4,dd4s,alpha_blood,n4fj,n4f,0,gamma_mode);
//
// Check if it is winter or summer
char short_days = photoperiod[TIME] < param[alpha_dp_thr];
char cold_days = Ta < param[alpha_ta_thr];
//
// Lay eggs
(*egg) = bigF4*(*n4f); // Total number of eggs that will be laid that day
double hatch = 0;
//
if (short_days && cold_days) { // DIAPAUSE
// The fraction of tagged eggs increases linearly
(*percent_strong) = min(1.0,(*percent_strong)+param[alpha_rate_strong]);
//
incubator_add(&conn10,bigF4*(*n4f)*(*percent_strong),0.0); // Tagged eggs
incubator_add(&conn1,bigF4*(*n4f)*(1.0-(*percent_strong)),0.0); // Normal eggs
//
} else { // NO DIAPAUSE
if (!short_days && !cold_days) { // EXIT FROM DIAPAUSE
// Prepare diapausing eggs for hatching
double vn0_n10 = (*n0)*param[alpha_rate_normal];
(*n0) -= vn0_n10; // Diapausing eggs
hatch += vn0_n10; // Eggs to hatch
}
// Lay normal eggs
incubator_add(&conn1,bigF4*(*n4f),0.0); // Normal eggs
//
(*percent_strong) = 0.0;
}
// Develop
double nn1;
double nn2;
double nn3;
incubator_remove(&conn3,&nn3);
incubator_remove(&conn2,&nn2); incubator_add(&conn3,nn2,0.0);
incubator_remove(&conn1,&nn1); hatch += nn1;
// Harvest developed tagged eggs
double vn10_hn0;
incubator_remove(&conn10,&vn10_hn0);
// Tagged eggs always become diapausing eggs
(*n0) = (*n0) + vn10_hn0;
// All eggs, which are ready to hatch, become larvae
incubator_add(&conn2,hatch,0.0);
//
// Update immature stage counts
(*n3) = incubator_sum(conn3);
(*n2) = incubator_sum(conn2);
(*n1) = incubator_sum(conn1) + incubator_sum(conn10);
//
// Add newly developed females to adults
nn3 *= 0.5;
incubator_add(&conn4,nn3,0.0);
(*n4f) += nn3;
}
int fpow (int x, int n){
if (n == 0) return 1;
if (n == 1) return x;
else return x*fpow(x,n-1);
}
