int create_rtobject_dup(rtobject_t* old_obj, char* name, signal_path_t* target_path){
rtobject_t* new_obj;
node_t* new_obj_node;
node_t* temp_node;
int i;
/*error check: name can not be same as original object's*/
if (!(strcmp(name,rtobject_get_name(old_obj)))){
printf("duplicate rtobject error: new object must have different name\n");
return -1;
}
/*allocate structure*/
if (!(new_obj = rtobject_alloca())) return -1;
/*fill core data*/
new_obj->process_index = -1;
new_obj->major_type = rtobject_get_major_type(old_obj);
new_obj->imp_type = rtobject_get_implementation_type(old_obj);
new_obj->imp_arg_list_size = rtobject_get_implementation_arg_list_size(old_obj);
if (!(new_obj->name = strdup(name))){
rtobject_dealloca(new_obj);
return -1;
}
if (!(new_obj->description = strdup(rtobject_get_description(old_obj)))){
rtobject_dealloca(new_obj);
return -1;
}
/*duplicate imp args*/
if (!new_obj->imp_arg_list_size){
new_obj->imp_arg_list = 0;
}else{
if (!(new_obj->imp_arg_list = (char**)malloc(new_obj->imp_arg_list_size * sizeof(char*)))){
rtobject_dealloca(new_obj);
return -1;
}
for (i=0;i<new_obj->imp_arg_list_size;++i){
if (!(new_obj->imp_arg_list[i] = strdup(old_obj->imp_arg_list[i]))){
rtobject_dealloca(new_obj);
return -1;
}
}
}
/*create empty event map list*/
if (!(new_obj->event_map_list = generic_array_create(sizeof(void*)))){
rtobject_dealloca(new_obj);
return -1;
}
/*assign address*/
if ((new_obj->address = get_free_address())<0) {
rtobject_dealloca(new_obj);
return -1;
}
/*attach new rtobject to its address*/
rtobject_address_list[new_obj->address] = new_obj;
if (debug_readout) printf("PUT IN OBJECT ADDRESSING ARRAY AT POSITION %d\n",new_obj->address);
/*create imp_object -> controls, data ports */
if ((create_rtobject_imp_object(new_obj))<0) {
if (debug_readout) printf("create rtobject error: failed attempt to create imp object\n");
release_address(new_obj->address);
rtobject_dealloca(new_obj);
return -1;
}
/*attach data ports to null buffers*/
for (i=0;i<rtobject_get_data_port_list_size(new_obj);++i){
if ((rtobject_detach_port(new_obj,i)) < 0){
printf("create rtobject error: could not attach port %d to null channel\n",i);
release_address(new_obj->address);
rtobject_dealloca(new_obj);
return -1;
}
}
if (debug_readout) printf("TRYING TO CREATE AN INSTANCE\n");
/*duplicate instances*/
for (temp_node=old_obj->instance_list;temp_node;temp_node=temp_node->next){
if ((create_rtobject_instance_copy(new_obj, (rtobject_instance_t*)temp_node->data))<0) {
release_address(new_obj->address);
rtobject_dealloca(new_obj);
return -1;
}
}
/*little bit of a hack until i figure out how to handle rtobject-instance*/
/*i think we can get rid of this because putting it in sigpath handles it
if ((rtobject_update_instance_situation(new_obj)) < 0){
release_address(new_obj->address);
rtobject_dealloca(new_obj);
return -1;
}
*/
if (debug_readout) printf("CREATED AN INSTANCE\n");
/*put rtobject into specified path*/
if (!(strcmp("main",rtobject_get_name(new_obj)))){
/*this is totally illegal for a variety of obvious reasons*/
printf("WARNING: Illegal Call, Can NOT Duplicate Master Path!!!!!!\n");
release_address(new_obj->address);
rtobject_dealloca(new_obj);
return -1;
}else{
/*TODO: this is awkward, should be a cleaner method*/
if (!(new_obj_node = (node_t*)malloc(sizeof(node_t)))){
release_address(new_obj->address);
rtobject_dealloca(new_obj);
return -1;
}
new_obj_node->previous = new_obj_node->next = 0;
new_obj_node->data = (void*)new_obj;
if ((signal_path_insert(target_path, new_obj_node, -1)) < 0){
release_address(new_obj->address);
rtobject_dealloca(new_obj);
return -1;
}
}
/*TODO: REMOVE THIS, handled by inserting in a path*/
/*create an ALSA sequencer port for rtobject*/
/*the port index must be the same as the address array index*/
/*TODO: fix to handle more than 256 rtobjects by using multiple alsaseq clients*/
if ((rtobject_create_alsa_seq_port(new_obj)) < 0){
release_address(new_obj->address);
rtobject_dealloca(new_obj);
return -1;
}
/*done*/
return new_obj->address;
}
int main(int argc, char** argv)
{
struct pt_regs regs;
char buff[512];
char init_env[0x1C0];
//read the enviromental variables of the init
FILE* f = fopen("/proc/1/environ", "r");
if (f == 0)
{
printf("Couldn't read /init enviromental variables.\n");
return 2;
}
size_t sz = fread(init_env, 1, 0x1C0-1, f);
init_env[sz] = 0;
fclose(f);
//init has pid always 1
memset(®s, 0, sizeof(regs));
if (ptrace(PTRACE_ATTACH, 1, NULL, NULL))
{
printf("ERROR: Couldn't attach to /init.\n");
return 1;
}
//wait for interrupt
wait(NULL);
ptrace(PTRACE_GETREGS, 1, NULL, ®s);
//check if PC is valid
if (regs.ARM_pc == 0)
{
printf("ERROR: Could get PC register value.\n");
return 1;
}
printf("/init PC is on: 0x%08lX.\n", regs.ARM_pc);
//structure of init is (static executable!)
//0x8000 image base (usually)
//0xA0 ELF header size
//=>start is on 0x80A0
//ARM mode
long injected_code_address = get_free_address(1);
printf("Address for the injection: 0x%08lX.\n", injected_code_address);
//nah the space on heap will be bigger
char injected_code[0x400];
memset(injected_code, 0, sizeof(injected_code));
//supposed to call
//execve("/init", { "/init", NULL }, envp);
//find execve inside init
//===============================================================================
//
// find it based on these four instructions
//
// STMFD SP!, {R4,R7}
// MOV R7, #0xB
// SVC 0
// LDMFD SP!, {R4,R7}
//
// HEX: 90002DE9 0B70A0E3 000000EF 9000BDE8
long image_base;
long image_size;
get_base_image_address(1, &image_base, &image_size);
if (image_base == 0 || image_size == 0)
{
printf("ERROR: Couldn't get the image base of /init.\n");
printf("Detaching...\n");
ptrace(PTRACE_DETACH, 1, NULL, NULL);
return 1;
}
printf("image_base: 0x%08lX.\n", image_base);
printf("image_size: 0x%08lX.\n", image_size);
char* init_image = malloc(image_size+1);
getdata(1, image_base, init_image, image_size);
//now look for the bytes
long c,d;
char execve_code[] = { 0x90, 0x00, 0x2D, 0xE9,
0x0B, 0x70, 0xA0, 0xE3,
0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0xEF,
0x90, 0x00, 0xBD, 0xE8
};
long execve_address = 0;
c = 0;
while (c < image_size - sizeof(execve_code))
{
int found = 1;
for(d = 0; d < sizeof(execve_code); d++)
{
if (init_image[c+d] != execve_code[d])
{
found = 0;
break;
}
}
if (found)
{
execve_address = image_base + c;
break;
}
c+=4; //ARM mode
}
if (!execve_address)
{
printf("ERROR: Failed locating execve.\n");
printf("Detaching...\n");
ptrace(PTRACE_DETACH, 1, NULL, NULL);
return 5;
}
printf("execve located on: 0x%08lX.\n", execve_address);
//fill in the instructions
//===============================================================================
/* LDR R0="/init"
* LDR R1, &args #(args = { "/init", NULL })
* LDR R2, &env #(read em first using /proc)
* BL execve #if there is just branch and it fails, then I dunno what happens next, so branch with link
* some illegal instruction here (let's say zeroes :D)
*/
//this could be set directly to the current registers
//but I find cleaner just using the code
//LDR R0=PC-8+0x100 (HEX=0xE59F00F8); (pointer to "/init")
//LDR R1=PC-8+0x108 (HEX=0xE59F10FC); (pointer to { "/init", NULL })
//LDR R2=PC-8+0x120 (HEX=0xE59F2110); (pointer to env variables (char**) )
//BL execve (HEX=0xEB000000 + ((#execve-PC)/4 & 0x00FFFFFF) )
//on offset 0x100 create the pointers
long instructions[4];
instructions[0] = 0xE59F00F8;
instructions[1] = 0xE59F10FC;
instructions[2] = 0xE59F2110;
instructions[3] = 0xEB000000 +
( ((execve_address - (injected_code_address + 0x0C + 8) )/4) & 0x00FFFFFF );
//copy them
memcpy((void*)injected_code, &instructions[0], sizeof(long) * 4);
//fill in the pointers
//===============================================================================
//map
//0x100 - char* - argument filename and argp[0] - pointer to "/init" on 0x200
//0x104 - null pointer - argp[1] (set by memset)
//0x108 - char** - argument argp - pointer to the pointers on 0x100
//0x120 - char** - argument envp - pointer to the pointers on 0x130
//0x130 - envp[0] -
//0x134 - envp[1]
//0x138 - envp[2]
//etc.
//write the arguments
long execve_arg_filename_target = injected_code_address + 0x200;
long execve_arg_argp_target = injected_code_address + 0x100;
long execve_arg_envp_target = injected_code_address + 0x130;
memcpy(&(injected_code[0x100]), &execve_arg_filename_target, sizeof(long));
memcpy(&(injected_code[0x108]), &execve_arg_argp_target, sizeof(long));
memcpy(&(injected_code[0x120]), &execve_arg_envp_target, sizeof(long));
//fill in the strings and envp
//===============================================================================
//"/init" goes to 0x200
strcpy(&(injected_code[0x200]), "/init");
//enviroment variables
long current_envp_address_incr = 0x130;
char* iter = init_env;
int w = 0x220;
while (*iter)
{
//an env. var is found, write its address and copy it
long current_envp_string_address = injected_code_address + w;
memcpy(&(injected_code[current_envp_address_incr]), ¤t_envp_string_address, sizeof(long));
current_envp_address_incr += sizeof(long);
strcpy(&(injected_code[w]), iter);
int len = strlen(iter) + 1;
iter += len;
w += len;
while (w%(sizeof(long)))
w++;
}
//terminating null pointer is preset by memset
//put the data
putdata(1, injected_code_address, injected_code, 1024);
//set the PC
regs.ARM_pc = injected_code_address;
printf("Setting /init PC to: 0x%08lX.\n", injected_code_address);
ptrace(PTRACE_SETREGS, 1, NULL, ®s);
//fire it
printf("Detaching...\n");
ptrace(PTRACE_DETACH, 1, NULL, NULL);
return 0;
}
int create_rtobject(int major_type, int imp_type, \
int imp_argc, const char** imp_argv, \
char* name, char* description, \
signal_path_t* target_path){
rtobject_t* new_obj;
node_t* new_obj_node;
int i;
/*error check types*/
if (validate_major_type(major_type,imp_type)){
if (debug_readout) printf("create rtobject error: failed major type validation\n");
return -1;
}
/*allocate structure*/
if (!(new_obj = rtobject_alloca())) return -1;
/*fill core data*/
new_obj->process_index = -1;
new_obj->major_type = major_type;
new_obj->imp_type = imp_type;
new_obj->imp_arg_list_size = imp_argc;
if (!(new_obj->name = strdup(name))){
rtobject_dealloca(new_obj);
return -1;
}
if (!(new_obj->description = strdup(description))){
rtobject_dealloca(new_obj);
return -1;
}
/*duplicate imp args*/
if (!imp_argc){
new_obj->imp_arg_list = 0;
}else{
if (!(new_obj->imp_arg_list = (char**)malloc(new_obj->imp_arg_list_size * sizeof(char*)))){
rtobject_dealloca(new_obj);
return -1;
}
for (i=0;i<new_obj->imp_arg_list_size;++i){
if (!(new_obj->imp_arg_list[i] = strdup(imp_argv[i]))){
rtobject_dealloca(new_obj);
return -1;
}
}
}
/*create empty event map list*/
if (!(new_obj->event_map_list = generic_array_create(sizeof(void*)))){
rtobject_dealloca(new_obj);
return -1;
}
/*assign address*/
if ((new_obj->address = get_free_address())<0) {
rtobject_dealloca(new_obj);
return -1;
}
/*attach new rtobject to its address*/
rtobject_address_list[new_obj->address] = new_obj;
if (debug_readout)
printf("PUT IN OBJECT ADDRESSING ARRAY AT POSITION %d\n",new_obj->address);
/*create imp_object -> controls, data ports */
if ((create_rtobject_imp_object(new_obj))<0) {
if (debug_readout) printf("create rtobject error: failed to create imp object\n");
release_address(new_obj->address);
rtobject_dealloca(new_obj);
return -1;
}
/*attach data ports to null buffers*/
for (i=0;i<rtobject_get_data_port_list_size(new_obj);++i){
if ((rtobject_detach_port(new_obj,i)) < 0){
printf("create rtobject error: could not attach port %d to null channel\n",i);
release_address(new_obj->address);
rtobject_dealloca(new_obj);
return -1;
}
}
if (debug_readout) printf("TRYING TO CREATE AN INSTANCE\n");
/*create one instance*/
if ((create_rtobject_instance(new_obj))<0) {
release_address(new_obj->address);
rtobject_dealloca(new_obj);
return -1;
}
/*little bit of a hack until i figure out how to handle rtobject-instance*/
if ((rtobject_update_instance_situation(new_obj)) < 0){
release_address(new_obj->address);
rtobject_dealloca(new_obj);
return -1;
}
if (debug_readout) printf("CREATED AN INSTANCE\n");
/*put rtobject into current path*/ /* * * * * **/
if (!(strcmp("main",rtobject_get_name(new_obj)))){
/*can't put master path into itself*/
/*but master path is its own parent (try _that_ at home)*/
new_obj->parent = (signal_path_t*)new_obj->imp_struct;
}else{
if (!(new_obj_node = (node_t*)malloc(sizeof(node_t)))){
release_address(new_obj->address);
rtobject_dealloca(new_obj);
return -1;
}
new_obj_node->previous = new_obj_node->next = 0;
new_obj_node->data = (void*)new_obj;
if ((signal_path_insert(target_path, new_obj_node, -1)) < 0){
release_address(new_obj->address);
rtobject_dealloca(new_obj);
return -1;
}
}
/*TODO: REMOVE THIS, handled by inserting in a path*/
/*create an ALSA sequencer port for rtobject*/
/*the port index must be the same as the address array index*/
/*TODO: fix to handle more than 256 rtobjects by using multiple alsaseq clients*/
if ((rtobject_create_alsa_seq_port(new_obj)) < 0){
release_address(new_obj->address);
rtobject_dealloca(new_obj);
return -1;
}
/*done*/
return new_obj->address;
}