pulsesequence() {
/* Internal variable declarations *************************/
int shapelist90,shapelist180,shapelistIR;
double nseg;
double seqtime,tau1,tau2,tau3,
te1_delay,te2_delay,te3_delay,
iti_delay, ti_delay,
tr_delay;
double kzero;
double freq90[MAXNSLICE], freq180[MAXNSLICE], freqIR[MAXNSLICE];
/* Real-time variables used in this sequence **************/
int vpe_ctr = v2; // PE loop counter
int vpe_mult = v3; // PE multiplier, ranges from -PE/2 to PE/2
int vms_slices = v4; // Number of slices
int vms_ctr = v5; // Slice loop counter
int vseg = v6; // Number of ETL segments
int vseg_ctr = v7; // Segment counter
int vetl = v8; // Echo train length
int vetl_ctr = v9; // Echo train loop counter
int vssc = v10; // Compressed steady-states
int vtrimage = v11; // Counts down from nt, trimage delay when 0
int vacquire = v12; // Argument for setacqvar, to skip steady state acquires
int vphase180 = v13; // phase of 180 degree refocusing pulse
/* Initialize paramaters **********************************/
init_mri();
/* Load external PE table ********************************/
if (strcmp(petable,"n") && strcmp(petable,"N") && strcmp(petable,"")) {
loadtable(petable);
} else {
abort_message("petable undefined");
}
seqtime = 0.0;
espmin = 0.0;
kzero = getval("kzero");
/* RF Power & Bandwidth Calculations **********************/
init_rf(&p1_rf,p1pat,p1,flip1,rof1,rof2);
init_rf(&p2_rf,p2pat,p2,flip2,rof1,rof2);
calc_rf(&p1_rf,"tpwr1","tpwr1f");
calc_rf(&p2_rf,"tpwr2","tpwr2f");
/* Initialize gradient structures *************************/
init_readout_butterfly(&ro_grad,"ro",lro,np,sw,gcrushro,tcrushro);
init_readout_refocus(&ror_grad,"ror");
init_phase(&pe_grad,"pe",lpe,nv);
init_slice(&ss_grad,"ss",thk); /* NOTE assume same band widths for p1 and p2 */
init_slice_butterfly(&ss2_grad,"ss2",thk,gcrush,tcrush);
init_slice_refocus(&ssr_grad,"ssr");
/* Gradient calculations **********************************/
calc_readout(&ro_grad,WRITE,"gro","sw","at");
calc_readout_refocus(&ror_grad,&ro_grad,NOWRITE,"gror");
calc_phase(&pe_grad,WRITE,"gpe","tpe");
calc_slice(&ss_grad,&p1_rf,WRITE,"gss");
calc_slice(&ss2_grad,&p1_rf,WRITE,"");
calc_slice_refocus(&ssr_grad,&ss_grad,NOWRITE,"gssr");
/* Equalize refocus and PE gradient durations *************/
calc_sim_gradient(&ror_grad,&null_grad,&ssr_grad,0.0,WRITE);
/* Create optional prepulse events ************************/
if (sat[0] == 'y') create_satbands();
if (fsat[0] == 'y') create_fatsat();
if (mt[0] == 'y') create_mtc();
if (ir[0] == 'y') {
init_rf(&ir_rf,pipat,pi,flipir,rof1,rof2);
calc_rf(&ir_rf,"tpwri","tpwrif");
init_slice_butterfly(&ssi_grad,"ssi",thk,gcrushir,tcrushir);
calc_slice(&ssi_grad,&ir_rf,WRITE,"gssi");
}
/* Set up frequency offset pulse shape list ********/
offsetlist(pss,ss_grad.ssamp, 0,freq90, ns,seqcon[1]);
offsetlist(pss,ss2_grad.ssamp,0,freq180,ns,seqcon[1]);
offsetlist(pss,ssi_grad.ssamp,0,freqIR, ns,seqcon[1]);
shapelist90 = shapelist(p1pat,ss_grad.rfDuration, freq90, ns,0,seqcon[1]);
shapelist180 = shapelist(p2pat,ss2_grad.rfDuration,freq180,ns,0,seqcon[1]);
shapelistIR = shapelist(pipat,ssi_grad.rfDuration,freqIR, ns,0,seqcon[1]);
/* same slice selection gradient and RF pattern used */
if (ss_grad.rfFraction != 0.5)
abort_message("ERROR %s: RF pulse must be symmetric (RF fraction = %.2f)",
seqfil,ss_grad.rfFraction);
if (ro_grad.echoFraction != 1)
abort_message("ERROR %s: Echo Fraction must be 1",seqfil);
/* Find sum of all events in each half-echo period ********/
tau1 = ss_grad.rfCenterBack + ssr_grad.duration + ss2_grad.rfCenterFront;
tau2 = ss2_grad.rfCenterBack + pe_grad.duration + ro_grad.timeToEcho;
tau3 = ro_grad.timeFromEcho + pe_grad.duration + ss2_grad.rfCenterFront;
espmin = 2*MAX(MAX(tau1,tau2),tau3); // Minimum echo spacing
if (minesp[0] == 'y') {
esp = espmin + 8e-6; // ensure at least 4us delays in both TE periods
putvalue("esp",esp);
}
else if (((espmin+8e-6)-esp) > 12.5e-9) {
abort_message("ERROR %s: Echo spacing too small, minimum is %.2fms\n",seqfil,(espmin+8e-6)*1000);
}
te1_delay = esp/2.0 - tau1; // Intra-esp delays
te2_delay = esp/2.0 - tau2;
te3_delay = esp/2.0 - tau3;
te = kzero*esp; // Return effective TE
putvalue("te",te);
/* Minimum TR **************************************/
/* seqtime is total time per slice */
seqtime = 2*4e-6 + ss_grad.rfCenterFront + etl*esp + ro_grad.timeFromEcho + pe_grad.duration + te3_delay;
/* Increase TR if any options are selected****************/
if (sat[0] == 'y') seqtime += ns*satTime;
if (fsat[0] == 'y') seqtime += ns*fsatTime;
if (mt[0] == 'y') seqtime += ns*mtTime;
if (ir[0] == 'y') {
/* Inter-IR delay */
if (ns > 1)
iti_delay = seqtime - ssi_grad.duration;
/* it is probably safe to assume that seqtime is always > the pulse widths */
else
iti_delay = 0;
/* Inversion Recovery */
timin = ssi_grad.rfCenterBack + ss_grad.rfCenterFront;
timin += 8e-6; // from sp1on/off and after 90 pulse power setting
timin += seqtime*(ns-1) + iti_delay;
if (ti < timin + 4e-6) // ensure at least a 4us delay
abort_message("%s: ti too short, minimum is %.2fms",seqfil,timin*1000);
/* Delay after the last IR pulse */
ti_delay = ti - timin;
/* force all slices to be acquired back-to-back, with a single TR delay at end */
trtype = 1;
}
else {
iti_delay = ti_delay = 0;
}
trmin = ns*(seqtime + 4e-6);
if (ir[0] == 'y') {
trmin += (4e-6 + ssi_grad.rfCenterFront + ti);
}
if (mintr[0] == 'y'){
tr = trmin;
putvalue("tr",tr);
}
if ((trmin-tr) > 12.5e-9) {
abort_message("TR too short. Minimum TR = %.2fms\n",trmin*1000);
}
tr_delay = (tr - trmin)/ns;
/* Set number of segments for profile or full image **********/
nseg = prep_profile(profile[0],nv/etl,&pe_grad,&per_grad);
/* Shift DDR for pro *******************************/
roff = -poffset(pro,ro_grad.roamp);
/* Calculate total acquisition time */
g_setExpTime(tr*(nt*nseg*getval("arraydim") + ssc) + trimage*getval("arraydim"));
/* Return parameters to VnmrJ */
putvalue("rgss",ss_grad.tramp); //90 slice ramp
if (ss2_grad.enableButterfly) { //180 slice ramps
putvalue("rcrush",ss2_grad.crusher1RampToCrusherDuration);
putvalue("rgss2",ss2_grad.crusher1RampToSsDuration);
}
else {
putvalue("rgss2",ss2_grad.tramp);
}
if (ro_grad.enableButterfly) {
putvalue("rgro",ro_grad.crusher1RampToSsDuration);
}
else {
putvalue("rgro",ro_grad.tramp); //RO ramp
}
putvalue("tror",ror_grad.duration); //ROR duration
putvalue("rgror",ror_grad.tramp); //ROR ramp
putvalue("gpe",pe_grad.peamp); //PE max amp
putvalue("gss",ss_grad.ssamp);
putvalue("gro",ro_grad.roamp);
/* PULSE SEQUENCE *************************************/
initval(fabs(ssc),vssc); // Compressed steady-state counter
assign(one,vacquire); // real-time acquire flag
/* Phase cycle: Alternate 180 phase to cancel residual FID */
mod2(ct,vphase180); // 0101
dbl(vphase180,vphase180); // 0202
add(vphase180,one,vphase180); // 1313 Phase difference from 90
add(vphase180,oph,vphase180);
obsoffset(resto);
delay(4e-6);
initval(nseg,vseg);
loop(vseg,vseg_ctr);
/* TTL scope trigger **********************************/
sp1on(); delay(4e-6); sp1off();
/* Compressed steady-states: 1st array & transient, all arrays if ssc is negative */
if ((ix > 1) && (ssc > 0))
assign(zero,vssc);
sub(vseg_ctr,vssc,vseg_ctr); // vpe_ctr counts up from -ssc
assign(zero,vssc);
ifzero(vseg_ctr);
assign(zero,vacquire); // Start acquiring when vseg_ctr reaches zero
endif(vseg_ctr);
setacqvar(vacquire); // Turn on acquire when vacquire is zero
if (ticks) {
xgate(ticks);
grad_advance(gpropdelay);
delay(4e-6);
}
if(ir[0] == 'y') { /* IR for all slices prior to data acquisition */
obspower(ir_rf.powerCoarse);
obspwrf(ir_rf.powerFine);
delay(4e-6);
msloop(seqcon[1],ns,vms_slices,vms_ctr);
obl_shapedgradient(ssi_grad.name,ssi_grad.duration,0,0,ssi_grad.amp,NOWAIT);
delay(ssi_grad.rfDelayFront);
shapedpulselist(shapelistIR,ssi_grad.rfDuration,oph,rof1,rof2,seqcon[1],vms_ctr);
delay(ssi_grad.rfDelayBack);
delay(iti_delay);
endmsloop(seqcon[1],vms_ctr);
delay(ti_delay);
}
msloop(seqcon[1],ns,vms_slices,vms_ctr);
/* Prepulse options ***********************************/
if (sat[0] == 'y') satbands();
if (fsat[0] == 'y') fatsat();
if (mt[0] == 'y') mtc();
/* 90 degree pulse ************************************/
rotate();
obspower(p1_rf.powerCoarse);
obspwrf(p1_rf.powerFine);
delay(4e-6);
obl_shapedgradient(ss_grad.name,ss_grad.duration,0,0,ss_grad.amp,NOWAIT);
delay(ss_grad.rfDelayFront);
shapedpulselist(shapelist90,ss_grad.rfDuration,oph,rof1,rof2,seqcon[1],vms_ctr);
delay(ss_grad.rfDelayBack);
/* Read dephase and Slice refocus *********************/
obl_shapedgradient(ssr_grad.name,ssr_grad.duration,ror_grad.amp,0.0,-ssr_grad.amp,WAIT);
/* First half-TE delay ********************************/
obspower(p2_rf.powerCoarse);
obspwrf(p2_rf.powerFine);
delay(te1_delay);
peloop(seqcon[2],etl,vetl,vetl_ctr);
mult(vseg_ctr,vetl,vpe_ctr);
add(vpe_ctr,vetl_ctr,vpe_ctr);
getelem(t1,vpe_ctr,vpe_mult);
/* 180 degree pulse *******************************/
/* Note, ss2_grad.amp is max gradient for butterfly shape; flat top = _.ssamp */
obl_shapedgradient(ss2_grad.name,ss2_grad.duration,0,0,ss2_grad.amp,NOWAIT);
delay(ss2_grad.rfDelayFront);
shapedpulselist(shapelist180,ss2_grad.rfDuration,vphase180,rof1,rof2,seqcon[1],vms_ctr);
delay(ss2_grad.rfDelayBack);
/* Phase-encode gradient ******************************/
pe_shapedgradient(pe_grad.name,pe_grad.duration,0,0,0,-pe_grad.increment,vpe_mult,WAIT);
/* Second half-TE period ******************************/
delay(te2_delay);
/* Readout gradient ************************************/
obl_shapedgradient(ro_grad.name,ro_grad.duration,ro_grad.amp,0,0,NOWAIT);
delay(ro_grad.atDelayFront);
/* Acquire data ****************************************/
startacq(alfa);
acquire(np,1.0/sw);
endacq();
delay(ro_grad.atDelayBack);
/* Rewinding phase-encode gradient ********************/
/* Phase encode, refocus, and dephase gradient ******************/
pe_shapedgradient(pe_grad.name,pe_grad.duration,0,0,0,pe_grad.increment,vpe_mult,WAIT);
/* Second half-TE delay *******************************/
delay(te3_delay);
endpeloop(seqcon[2],vetl_ctr);
/* Relaxation delay ***********************************/
if (!trtype)
delay(tr_delay);
endmsloop(seqcon[1],vms_ctr);
if (trtype)
delay(ns*tr_delay);
endloop(vseg_ctr);
/* Inter-image delay **********************************/
sub(ntrt,ct,vtrimage);
decr(vtrimage);
ifzero(vtrimage);
delay(trimage);
endif(vtrimage);
}
pulsesequence()
{
/* Internal variable declarations *************************/
/*timing*/
double tr_delay;
double te_d1,te_d2,te_d3; /* delays */
double tau1,tau2,tau3;
/*voxel crusher multipliers */
double fx,fy,fz;
/*localization parameters*/
double freq1,freq2,freq3;
double vox1_cr,vox2_cr, vox3_cr;
int nDim;
double rprof,pprof,sprof;
char profile_vox[MAXSTR],profile_ovs[MAXSTR];
double restol, resto_local, csd_ppm;
/*phase cycle****/
int counter,noph;
char autoph[MAXSTR], pcflag[MAXSTR];
int rf1_phase[64] = {0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,
1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,3,3,3,3,3,3,3,3,3,3,3,3,3,3,3,3};
int rf2_phase[64] = {0,0,0,0,2,2,2,2,1,1,1,1,3,3,3,3,0,0,0,0,2,2,2,2,1,1,1,1,3,3,3,3,
0,0,0,0,2,2,2,2,1,1,1,1,3,3,3,3,0,0,0,0,2,2,2,2,1,1,1,1,3,3,3,3};
int rf3_phase[64] = {0,2,1,3,0,2,1,3,0,2,1,3,0,2,1,3,0,2,1,3,0,2,1,3,0,2,1,3,0,2,1,3,
0,2,1,3,0,2,1,3,0,2,1,3,0,2,1,3,0,2,1,3,0,2,1,3,0,2,1,3,0,2,1,3};
/* Initialize paramaters **********************************/
init_mri(); //this gets all the parameters that are defined in acqparms.h, etc
get_wsparameters();
get_ovsparameters();
rprof = getval("rprof");
pprof = getval("pprof");
sprof = getval("sprof");
//read the crusher factors that are designed to create grad on the same axis without refoc
fx=getval("fx");
fy=getval("fy");
fz=getval("fz");
getstr("profile_vox",profile_vox);
getstr("profile_ovs",profile_ovs);
/*set voxel sizes for butterfly crushers to 10^6 to set the slice portion to zero ***/
vox1_cr=1000000;
vox2_cr=1000000;
vox3_cr=1000000;
/***** RF power initialize *****/
init_rf(&p1_rf,p1pat,p1,flip1,rof1,rof2);
init_rf(&p2_rf,p2pat,p2,flip2,rof1,rof2);
/***** Initialize gradient structs *****/
trampfixed=trise; //rise time =trise
tcrush=granularity(tcrush,GRADIENT_RES); //this is to avoid the granularity errors
//if trampfixed is used, rise time needs to be checked
if (trise*2>tcrush){
abort_message("tcrush too short. Minimum tcrush = %fms \n",1000*trise*2);
}
if (gcrush>gmax){
abort_message("gcrush too large. Max gcrush = %f \n",gmax*0.95);
}
init_slice_butterfly(&vox1_grad,"vox1",vox1,gcrush,tcrush);
init_slice_butterfly(&vox2_grad,"vox2",vox2,gcrush,tcrush);
init_slice_butterfly(&vox3_grad,"vox3",vox3,gcrush,tcrush);
init_slice_butterfly(&vox1_crush,"vox1_crush",vox1_cr,gcrush,tcrush);
init_slice_butterfly(&vox2_crush,"vox2_crush",vox2_cr,gcrush,tcrush);
init_slice_butterfly(&vox3_crush,"vox3_crush",vox3_cr,gcrush,tcrush);
if (profile_vox[0] == 'y') {
init_readout_butterfly(&ro_grad,"ro",lro,np,sw,gcrushro,tcrushro);
init_readout_refocus(&ror_grad,"ror");
}
/***** RF and Gradient calculations *****/
calc_rf(&p1_rf,"tpwr1","tpwr1f");
calc_rf(&p2_rf,"tpwr2","tpwr2f");
calc_slice(&vox1_grad,&p2_rf,WRITE,"gvox1");
calc_slice(&vox2_grad,&p2_rf,WRITE,"gvox2");
calc_slice(&vox3_grad,&p2_rf,WRITE,"gvox3");
calc_slice(&vox1_crush,&p2_rf,WRITE,"vox1_crush");
calc_slice(&vox2_crush,&p2_rf,WRITE,"vox2_crush");
calc_slice(&vox3_crush,&p2_rf,WRITE,"vox3_crush");
if (profile_vox[0] == 'y') {
calc_readout(&ro_grad,WRITE,"gro","sw","at");
putvalue("gro",ro_grad.roamp); // RO grad
calc_readout_refocus(&ror_grad,&ro_grad,WRITE,"gror");
putvalue("tror",ror_grad.duration); // ROR duration
}
//set all gradients along a particular direction to zero if profile is needed
if (profile_ovs[0]=='y'){
if (rprof==1) {
vox1_grad.amp=0; //set slice selection in read direction to none
vox3_crush.amp=0; // set corresponding crusher gradients to none
}
else if(pprof==1) {
vox2_grad.amp=0;
vox1_crush.amp=0;
}
else if(sprof==1) {
vox3_grad.amp=0;
vox2_crush.amp=0;
}
}
/* Optional OVS and Water Suppression */
if (ovs[0] == 'y') create_ovsbands();
if (sat[0] == 'y') create_satbands();
if (ws[0] == 'y') create_watersuppress();
//Read in parameters not defined in acqparms.h and sglHelper
nDim=getval("nDim");
restol=getval("restol"); //local frequency offset
roff=getval("roff"); //receiver offset
csd_ppm=getval("csd_ppm"); //chemical shift displacement factor
noph=getval("noph");
getstr("autoph",autoph);
getstr("pcflag",pcflag);
settable(t3,noph,rf1_phase);
settable(t2,noph,rf2_phase);
settable(t1,noph,rf3_phase);
/* tau1, tau2 and tau3 are sums of all events in TE*/
tau1 = vox1_grad.rfCenterFront+GDELAY+rof2;
tau2 = vox1_grad.rfCenterBack + vox1_grad.rfCenterFront+2*(GDELAY+rof2);
tau3 = vox3_grad.rfCenterBack+GDELAY+rof2;
temin = tau1+5.0*tau2+tau3;
if (minte[0] == 'y') {
te = temin;
putvalue("te",te);
}
if (te < temin) {
abort_message("te too short. Minimum te = %.2f ms\n",temin*1000);
}
/***** Calculate TE delays *****/
te_d1 = te/12.0 - tau1+GDELAY;
te_d2 = te/6.0 - tau2+2*(GDELAY+rof2);
te_d3 = te/12.0 - tau3+GDELAY+rof2;
//Calculate delta from resto to include local frequency line+ chemical shift offset
resto_local=resto-restol;
/***** Min TR *****/
trmin = GDELAY + p1 + te + at+rof1+rof2;
if (ws[0] == 'y') trmin += wsTime;
if (ovs[0] == 'y') trmin += ovsTime;
if (sat[0] == 'y') trmin += satTime;
if (profile_vox[0] == 'y') trmin += ror_grad.duration + ro_grad.duration - at;
if (mintr[0] == 'y') {
tr = trmin; // ensure at least 4us between gradient events
putvalue("tr",tr);
}
if ((trmin-tr) > 12.5e-9) {
abort_message("TR too short. Minimum TR= %.2fms\n",trmin*1000);
}
/***** Calculate TR delay *****/
tr_delay = tr - trmin;
/* Frequency offsets */
freq1 = poffset(pos1,vox1_grad.ssamp); // First RF pulse
freq2 = poffset(pos2,vox2_grad.ssamp); // Second RF pulse
freq3 = poffset(pos3,vox3_grad.ssamp); // Third RF pulse
freq1=freq1-csd_ppm*sfrq;
freq2=freq2-csd_ppm*sfrq;
freq3=freq3-csd_ppm*sfrq;
/* Frequency offsets */
if (profile_vox[0] == 'y') {
/* Shift DDR for pro ************************************/
roff = -poffset(pro,ro_grad.roamp);
}
/* Put gradient information back into VnmrJ parameters */
putvalue("gvox1",vox1_grad.ssamp);
putvalue("gvox2",vox2_grad.ssamp);
putvalue("gvox3",vox3_grad.ssamp);
putvalue("rgvox1",vox1_grad.tramp);
putvalue("rgvox2",vox2_grad.tramp);
putvalue("rgvox3",vox3_grad.tramp);
sgl_error_check(sglerror);
if (ss<0) g_setExpTime(tr*(nt-ss)*arraydim);
else g_setExpTime(tr*(nt*arraydim+ss));
/**[2.7] PHASE CYCLING ******************************************************/
assign(zero, oph);
counter=(double)nt*(ix-1);
if (autoph[0] == 'n') counter=0.0; //only goes through nt, if 'y' goes through nt*array
initval(counter,v1);
initval(noph,v3);
add(v1,ct,v2);
modn(v2,v3,v2);
/* Full phase cycling requires 64 steps*/
if (pcflag[0] == 'n') {
assign(zero,v2);
getelem(t1,v2,v10);
getelem(t2,v2,v11);
getelem(t3,v2,v12);
}
else
{
getelem(t1,v2,v10);
getelem(t2,v2,v11);
getelem(t3,v2,v12);
}
/*Start of the sequence*/
obsoffset(resto_local); // need it here for water suppression to work
delay(GDELAY);
rot_angle(vpsi,vphi,vtheta);
if (ticks) {
xgate(ticks);
grad_advance(gpropdelay);
delay(4e-6);
}
/* TTL scope trigger **********************************/
//sp1on(); delay(4e-6); sp1off();
/* Saturation bands ***********************************/
if (ovs[0] == 'y') ovsbands();
if (sat[0] == 'y') satbands();
/* Water suppression **********************************/
if (ws[0] == 'y') watersuppress();
/* Slice selective 90 degree RF pulse *****/
obspower(p1_rf.powerCoarse);
obspwrf(p1_rf.powerFine);
delay(GDELAY);
shaped_pulse(p1pat,p1,zero,rof1,rof2);
/* start localization */
obspower(p2_rf.powerCoarse);
obspwrf(p2_rf.powerFine);
if (nDim > 2.5) {
delay(te_d1); //this is at least GDELAY == 4 us
obl_shaped3gradient(vox1_grad.name,vox1_crush.name,"",vox1_grad.duration,vox1_grad.amp,fy*vox1_crush.amp,0,NOWAIT);
delay(vox1_grad.rfDelayFront);
if (profile_ovs[0]=='y'&& rprof==1) freq1=0.0;
shapedpulseoffset(p2_rf.pulseName,vox1_grad.rfDuration,v12,rof1,rof2,freq1);
delay(vox1_grad.rfDelayBack);
delay(te_d2);
obl_shaped3gradient (vox1_grad.name,vox1_crush.name,"",vox1_grad.duration,vox1_grad.amp,fy*0.777*vox1_crush.amp,0,NOWAIT);
delay(vox1_grad.rfDelayFront);
if (profile_ovs[0]=='y'&& rprof==1) freq1=0.0;
shapedpulseoffset(p2_rf.pulseName,vox1_grad.rfDuration,v12,rof1,rof2,freq1);
delay(vox1_grad.rfDelayBack);
delay(te_d2);
}
if (nDim > 1.5) { //this is 2nd slice selection
obl_shaped3gradient("",vox2_grad.name,vox2_crush.name,vox2_grad.duration,0,vox2_grad.amp,fz*vox2_crush.amp,NOWAIT);
delay(vox2_grad.rfDelayFront);
if (profile_ovs[0]=='y'&& pprof==1) freq2=0.0;
shapedpulseoffset(p2_rf.pulseName,vox2_grad.rfDuration,v11,rof1,rof2,freq2);
delay(vox2_grad.rfDelayBack);
delay(te_d2);
obl_shaped3gradient("",vox2_grad.name,vox2_crush.name,vox2_grad.duration,0,vox2_grad.amp,fz*0.777*vox2_crush.amp,NOWAIT);
delay(vox2_grad.rfDelayFront);
if (profile_ovs[0]=='y'&& pprof==1) freq2=0.0;
shapedpulseoffset(p2_rf.pulseName,vox2_grad.rfDuration,v11,rof1,rof2,freq2);
delay(vox2_grad.rfDelayBack);
delay(te_d2);
}
if (nDim > 0.5){ //this is 3rd slice selection
obl_shaped3gradient(vox3_crush.name,"",vox3_grad.name,vox3_grad.duration,fx*vox3_crush.amp,0,vox3_grad.amp,NOWAIT);
delay(vox3_grad.rfDelayFront);
if (profile_ovs[0]=='y'&& sprof==1) freq3=0.0;
shapedpulseoffset(p2_rf.pulseName,vox3_grad.rfDuration,v10,rof1,rof2,freq3);
delay(vox3_grad.rfDelayBack);
delay(te_d2);
obl_shaped3gradient(vox3_crush.name,"",vox3_grad.name,vox3_grad.duration,fx*vox3_crush.amp,0,vox3_grad.amp,NOWAIT);
delay(vox3_grad.rfDelayFront);
if (profile_ovs[0]=='y'&& sprof==1) freq3=0.0;
shapedpulseoffset(p2_rf.pulseName,vox3_grad.rfDuration,v10,rof1,rof2,freq3);
delay(vox3_grad.rfDelayBack);
delay(te_d3);
}
if (profile_vox[0] == 'y') {
obl_shapedgradient(ror_grad.name,ror_grad.duration,
-rprof*ror_grad.amp,-pprof*ror_grad.amp,-sprof*ror_grad.amp,WAIT);
delay(GDELAY);
obl_shapedgradient(ro_grad.name,ro_grad.duration,
rprof*ro_grad.amp,pprof*ro_grad.amp,sprof*ro_grad.amp,NOWAIT);
delay(ro_grad.atDelayFront);
startacq(alfa);
acquire(np,1.0/sw);
delay(ro_grad.atDelayBack);
endacq();
} else {
startacq(alfa);
acquire(np,1.0/sw);
endacq();
}
delay(tr_delay);
pulsesequence()
{
/* declaration of SGL kernel structures */
SGL_KERNEL_INFO_T read, phase, slice, ss_pre, ss_post;
/* declaration of internal variables */
double freqlist[MAXNSLICE];
double pe_steps;
int shapelist1, table;
double xtime, grad_duration, ror_pad,rod_pad;
double temp_tr;
double readAmp, phaseAmp, sliceAmp;
double tepad, tepad2, temin2, htrmin, delayToRF, delayRFToAcq, delayAcqToRF;
double rof_pad, delRof;
double sliceRephTrim, sliceDephTrim;
double readRephTrim, readDephTrim;
int rfPhase[2] = {0,2};
/* declaration of realtime variables */
int vpe_steps = v1;
int vpe_ctr = v2;
int vms_slices = v3;
int vms_ctr = v4;
int vpe_offset = v5;
int vpe_index = v6;
int vss = v7;
int vssc = v8;
int vacquire = v9;
int vphase = v10;
settable(t2,2,rfPhase);
/* setup phase encoding order */
table = set_pe_order();
init_mri();
if( (sliceRephTrim = getvalnwarn("sliceRephTrim")) == 0.0 ) {
sliceRephTrim = 1.0;
}
if( (sliceDephTrim = getvalnwarn("sliceDephTrim")) == 0.0 ) {
sliceDephTrim = 1.0;
}
if( (readRephTrim = getvalnwarn("readRephTrim")) == 0.0 ) {
readRephTrim = 1.0;
}
if( (readDephTrim = getvalnwarn("readDephTrim")) == 0.0 ) {
readDephTrim = 1.0;
}
shape_rf( &p1_rf, "p1", p1pat, p1, flip1, rof1, rof2 ); // excitation pulse
init_slice( &ss_grad, "ss", thk ); // slice gradient
init_slice_refocus( &ssr_grad, "ssr" ); // slice refocus
init_slice_refocus( &ssd_grad, "ssd" ); // slice refocus
init_readout( &ro_grad, "ro", lro, np, sw ); // read gradient
init_readout_refocus( &ror_grad, "ror" ); // read dephase
init_readout_refocus( &rod_grad, "ror" ); // read dephase
init_phase( &pe_grad, "pe", lpe, nv ); // phase gradient
ss_grad.maxGrad = gmax * 0.57;
ssr_grad.maxGrad = gmax * 0.57;
ssd_grad.maxGrad = gmax * 0.57;
ro_grad.maxGrad = gmax * 0.57;
ror_grad.maxGrad = gmax * 0.57;
rod_grad.maxGrad = gmax * 0.57;
pe_grad.maxGrad = glimpe < 0.57? gmax*glimpe : gmax * 0.57;
/* calculate the RF pulses, gradient pulses and their interdependencies */
calc_rf( &p1_rf, "tpwr1", "tpwr1f" );
calc_slice( &ss_grad, &p1_rf, NOWRITE, "gss" );
ssr_grad.amp = ss_grad.amp;
ssr_grad.gmult = sliceRephTrim;
ssr_grad.calcFlag = DURATION_FROM_MOMENT_AMPLITUDE;
calc_slice_refocus( &ssr_grad, &ss_grad, NOWRITE, "gssr" );
ssd_grad.amp = ss_grad.amp;
ssd_grad.gmult = sliceDephTrim;
ssd_grad.calcFlag = DURATION_FROM_MOMENT_AMPLITUDE;
calc_slice_dephase( &ssd_grad, &ss_grad, NOWRITE, "gssd" );
calc_readout( &ro_grad, NOWRITE, "gro", "sw", "at" );
ror_grad.amp = ro_grad.amp;
ror_grad.calcFlag = DURATION_FROM_MOMENT_AMPLITUDE;
rod_grad.amp = ro_grad.amp;
rod_grad.calcFlag = DURATION_FROM_MOMENT_AMPLITUDE;
ror_grad.gmult = readRephTrim;
calc_readout_refocus( &ror_grad, &ro_grad, NOWRITE, "gror" );
rod_grad.gmult = readDephTrim;
calc_readout_rephase( &rod_grad, &ro_grad, NOWRITE, "grod" );
calc_phase( &pe_grad, NOWRITE, "gpe", "tpe" );
/* work out the position of the markers */
/* markerA */
/* ss_grad.rfDelayFront indicates the starting point of the
RF pulse measured from the start of the slice gradient
( rof1:pulse length:rof2 ) */
double granulatedRFDelayFront = granularity( ss_grad.rfDelayFront, GRADIENT_RES );
if( granulatedRFDelayFront > ss_grad.rfDelayFront ) {
granulatedRFDelayFront -= GRADIENT_RES;
}
/* ss_grad.rfDelayBack indicates the end point of the
RF pulse measured to the end of the slice gradient
( rof1:pulse length:rof2 ) */
double granulatedRFDelayBack = granularity( ss_grad.rfDelayBack, GRADIENT_RES );
if( granulatedRFDelayBack > ss_grad.rfDelayBack ) {
granulatedRFDelayBack -= GRADIENT_RES;
}
double granulatedRFDelay = granulatedRFDelayFront < granulatedRFDelayBack ? granulatedRFDelayFront : granulatedRFDelayBack;
double markerADelay = granulatedRFDelay;
/* read and phase gradients can overlap the start or end of the slice gradient by max of granulatedRFDElay */
double granulatedATDelayFront = granularity(ro_grad.atDelayFront, GRADIENT_RES);
if( granulatedATDelayFront > ro_grad.atDelayFront ) {
granulatedATDelayFront -= GRADIENT_RES;
}
double granulatedATDelayBack = granularity(ro_grad.atDelayBack, GRADIENT_RES);
if( granulatedATDelayBack > ro_grad.atDelayBack ) {
granulatedATDelayBack -= GRADIENT_RES;
}
double granulatedATDelay = granulatedATDelayFront < granulatedATDelayBack ? granulatedATDelayFront : granulatedATDelayBack;
/* longest gradient between RF pulse and acquire dominates */
xtime = ssr_grad.duration + granulatedRFDelay;
xtime = xtime > ssd_grad.duration + granulatedRFDelay ? xtime : ssd_grad.duration + granulatedRFDelay;
xtime = xtime > ror_grad.duration + granulatedATDelay ? xtime : ror_grad.duration + granulatedATDelay;
xtime = xtime > rod_grad.duration + granulatedATDelay ? xtime : rod_grad.duration + granulatedATDelay;
xtime = xtime > pe_grad.duration ? xtime : pe_grad.duration;
ror_pad = xtime - ror_grad.duration - granulatedATDelay;
rod_pad = xtime - rod_grad.duration - granulatedATDelay;
/* make a gradient list */
start_kernel( &sk );
add_gradient( (void*)&ss_grad, "slice", SLICE, START_TIME, "", 0.0, PRESERVE );
add_gradient( (void*)&ssr_grad, "sliceReph", SLICE, BEHIND, "slice", 0.0, INVERT );
add_gradient( (void*)&ror_grad, "readDeph", READ, BEHIND, "slice", -granulatedRFDelay + ror_pad, INVERT );
add_gradient( (void*)&ro_grad, "read", READ, BEHIND, "readDeph", 0.0, PRESERVE );
add_gradient( (void*)&pe_grad, "phase", PHASE, SAME_START, "readDeph", 0.0, PRESERVE );
add_gradient( (void*)&rod_grad, "readReph", READ, BEHIND, "read", 0.0, INVERT );
add_gradient( (void*)&pe_grad, "rewind", PHASE, SAME_END, "readReph", 0.0, INVERT );
add_gradient( (void*)&ss_grad, "nextSlice", SLICE, BEHIND, "readReph", rod_pad - granulatedRFDelay, PRESERVE );
add_gradient( (void*)&ssd_grad, "sliceDeph", SLICE, BEFORE, "nextSlice", 0, INVERT );
add_marker( "markerA", SAME_START, "slice", granulatedRFDelay );
add_marker( "markerB", SAME_START, "nextSlice", granulatedRFDelay );
/* get the minimum echo time */
temin = get_timing( FROM_RF_CENTER_OF, "slice", TO_ECHO_OF, "read" );
temin2 = get_timing( FROM_ECHO_OF, "read", TO_RF_CENTER_OF, "nextSlice" );
htrmin = MAX( temin, temin2 );
if( minte[0] == 'y' ){
te = htrmin;
}
tepad = granularity( te - temin, GRADIENT_RES );
tepad2 = granularity( te - temin2, GRADIENT_RES );
te = temin + tepad;
putCmd("setvalue('te', %f, 'current')\n", te );
if( tepad>0.0 ) change_timing( "readDeph", tepad );
if( tepad2>0.0 ) change_timing( "nextSlice", tepad2 );
tr = get_timing( FROM_START_OF, "slice", TO_START_OF, "nextSlice" );
putvalue("tr", tr );
delayRFToAcq = get_timing( FROM_RF_PULSE_OF, "slice", TO_ACQ_OF, "read" );
delayAcqToRF = get_timing( FROM_ACQ_OF, "read", TO_RF_PULSE_OF, "nextSlice" );
set_comp_info( &ss_pre, "ss_pre" );
write_comp_grads_snippet( NULL, NULL, &ss_pre, "START_OF_KERNEL", "markerA" );
set_comp_info( &read, "ro" );
set_comp_info( &phase, "pe" );
set_comp_info( &slice, "ss" );
write_comp_grads_snippet( &read, &phase, &slice, "markerA", "markerB" );
set_comp_info( &ss_post, "ss_post" );
write_comp_grads_snippet( NULL, NULL, &ss_post, "markerB", "END_OF_KERNEL" );
/* Set up frequency offset pulse shape list ********/
offsetlist(pss,ss_grad.ssamp,0,freqlist,ns,seqcon[1]);
shapelist1 = shapelist(p1_rf.pulseName,ss_grad.rfDuration,freqlist,ns,ss_grad.rfFraction, seqcon[1]);
/* Set pe_steps for profile or full image **********/
pe_steps = prep_profile(profile[0],nv,&pe_grad,&pe_grad);/* profile[0] is n y or r */
F_initval(pe_steps/2.0,vpe_offset);
g_setExpTime(trmean*(ntmean*pe_steps*arraydim + (1+fabs(ssc))*arraydim));
/* Shift DDR for pro *******************************/
roff = -poffset(pro,ro_grad.roamp);
/* PULSE SEQUENCE */
status( A );
rotate();
triggerSelect(trigger);
obsoffset( resto );
delay( GRADIENT_RES );
initval( 1+fabs( ssc ), vss );
obspower( p1_rf.powerCoarse );
obspwrf( p1_rf.powerFine );
delay( GRADIENT_RES );
assign(one,vacquire); // real-time acquire flag
setacqvar(vacquire); // Turn on acquire when vacquire is zero
obl_shapedgradient(ss_pre.name,ss_pre.dur,0,0,ss_pre.amp,NOWAIT);
sp1on();
delay(GRADIENT_RES);
sp1off();
delay(ss_pre.dur-GRADIENT_RES );
msloop( seqcon[1], ns, vms_slices, vms_ctr );
assign(vss,vssc);
peloop( seqcon[2], pe_steps, vpe_steps, vpe_ctr );
sub(vpe_ctr,vssc,vpe_ctr); // vpe_ctr counts up from -ssc
assign(zero,vssc);
if (seqcon[2] == 's')
assign(zero,vacquire); // Always acquire for non-compressed loop
else {
ifzero(vpe_ctr);
assign(zero,vacquire); // Start acquiring when vpe_ctr reaches zero
endif(vpe_ctr);
}
if (table)
getelem(t1,vpe_ctr,vpe_index);
else {
ifzero(vacquire);
sub(vpe_ctr,vpe_offset,vpe_index);
elsenz(vacquire);
sub(zero,vpe_offset,vpe_index);
endif(vacquire);
}
pe_shaped3gradient( read.name, phase.name, slice.name,
read.dur, read.amp, 0, slice.amp,
-pe_grad.increment, vpe_index, NOWAIT );
delay(ss_grad.rfDelayFront - granulatedRFDelay);
shapedpulselist( shapelist1, ss_grad.rfDuration, oph, rof1, rof2, seqcon[1], vms_ctr );
delay( delayRFToAcq - alfa );
startacq(alfa);
acquire( np, 1/ro_grad.bandwidth );
endacq();
delay( delayAcqToRF - ss_grad.rfDelayFront + granulatedRFDelay - GRADIENT_RES );
sp1on();
delay(GRADIENT_RES);
sp1off();
endpeloop( seqcon[2], vpe_ctr );
endmsloop( seqcon[1], vms_ctr );
obl_shapedgradient(ss_post.name,ss_post.dur,0,0,ss_post.amp,WAIT);
}
pulsesequence()
{
/* Internal variable declarations *************************/
double freqEx[MAXNSLICE];
double maxgradtime,spoilMoment,perTime,tau1,te_delay,tr_delay;
double te2=0.0,te3=0.0,te2min,te3min,tau2,tau3,te2_delay,te3_delay=0;
char minte2[MAXSTR],minte3[MAXSTR],spoilflag[MAXSTR];
int sepSliceRephase,sepReadRephase=0,readrev,table,shapeEx;
int i;
/* Real-time variables used in this sequence **************/
int vpe_steps = v1; // Number of PE steps
int vpe_ctr = v2; // PE loop counter
int vms_slices = v3; // Number of slices
int vms_ctr = v4; // Slice loop counter
int vpe_offset = v5; // PE/2 for non-table offset
int vpe_mult = v6; // PE multiplier, ranges from -PE/2 to PE/2
int vper_mult = v7; // PE rewinder multiplier; turn off rewinder when 0
int vssc = v8; // Compressed steady-states
int vacquire = v9; // Argument for setacqvar, to skip steady state acquires
int vrfspoil_ctr = v10; // RF spoil counter
int vrfspoil = v11; // RF spoil multiplier
int vtrimage = v12; // Counts down from nt, trimage delay when 0
int vne = v13; // Number of echoes
int vne_ctr = v14; // Echo loop counter
int vneindex = v15; // Echo index, odd or even
int vnelast = v16; // Check for last echo
int vtrigblock = v17; // Number of slices per trigger block
/* Initialize paramaters **********************************/
init_mri();
getstr("spoilflag",spoilflag);
te2=getval("te2");
te3=getval("te3");
getstr("minte2",minte2);
getstr("minte3",minte3);
readrev=(int)getval("readrev");
/* Check for external PE table ***************************/
table = 0;
if (strcmp(petable,"n") && strcmp(petable,"N") && strcmp(petable,"")) {
loadtable(petable);
table = 1;
}
/* Set Rcvr/Xmtr phase increments for RF Spoiling ********/
/* Ref: Zur, Y., Magn. Res. Med., 21, 251, (1991) *******/
if (rfspoil[0] == 'y') {
rcvrstepsize(rfphase);
obsstepsize(rfphase);
}
/* Initialize gradient structures *************************/
shape_rf(&p1_rf,"p1",p1pat,p1,flip1,rof1,rof2 ); // excitation pulse
init_slice(&ss_grad,"ss",thk); // slice select gradient
init_slice_refocus(&ssr_grad,"ssr"); // slice refocus gradient
init_readout(&ro_grad,"ro",lro,np,sw); // readout gradient
ro_grad.pad1=alfa; ro_grad.pad2=alfa;
init_readout_refocus(&ror_grad,"ror"); // dephase gradient
init_phase(&pe_grad,"pe",lpe,nv); // phase encode gradient
init_dephase(&spoil_grad,"spoil"); // optimized spoiler
init_dephase(&ref_grad,"ref"); // readout rephase
/* RF Calculations ****************************************/
calc_rf(&p1_rf,"tpwr1","tpwr1f");
/* Gradient calculations **********************************/
calc_slice(&ss_grad,&p1_rf,WRITE,"gss");
calc_slice_refocus(&ssr_grad, &ss_grad,WRITE,"gssr");
calc_readout(&ro_grad, WRITE,"gro","sw","at");
calc_readout_refocus(&ror_grad,&ro_grad,NOWRITE,"gror");
calc_phase(&pe_grad, NOWRITE,"gpe","tpe");
calc_dephase(&ref_grad,WRITE,ro_grad.m0,"","");
spoilMoment = ro_grad.acqTime*ro_grad.roamp; // Optimal spoiling is at*gro for 2pi per pixel
spoilMoment -= ro_grad.m0def; // Subtract partial spoiling from back half of readout
calc_dephase(&spoil_grad,WRITE,spoilMoment,"gspoil","tspoil");
/* Is TE long enough for separate slice refocus? ******/
maxgradtime = MAX(ror_grad.duration,pe_grad.duration);
if (spoilflag[0] == 'y')
maxgradtime = MAX(maxgradtime,spoil_grad.duration);
tau1 = ss_grad.rfCenterBack + ssr_grad.duration + maxgradtime + ro_grad.timeToEcho + GRADIENT_RES;
/* Equalize refocus and PE gradient durations *********/
if ((te >= tau1) && (minte[0] != 'y')) {
sepSliceRephase = 1; // Set flag for separate slice rephase
calc_sim_gradient(&ror_grad,&pe_grad,&spoil_grad,tpemin,WRITE);
} else {
sepSliceRephase = 0;
calc_sim_gradient(&ror_grad,&pe_grad,&ssr_grad,tpemin,WRITE);
calc_sim_gradient(&ror_grad,&spoil_grad,&null_grad,tpemin,NOWRITE);
}
perTime = 0.0;
if ((perewind[0] == 'y') || (spoilflag[0] == 'y'))
perTime = spoil_grad.duration;
if (spoilflag[0] == 'n')
spoil_grad.amp = 0.0;
/* Create optional prepulse events ************************/
if (sat[0] == 'y') create_satbands();
if (fsat[0] == 'y') create_fatsat();
if (mt[0] == 'y') create_mtc();
if (ir[0] == 'y') create_inversion_recovery();
/* Set up frequency offset pulse shape list ********/
offsetlist(pss,ss_grad.ssamp,0,freqEx,ns,seqcon[1]);
shapeEx = shapelist(p1_rf.pulseName,ss_grad.rfDuration,freqEx,ns,ss_grad.rfFraction,seqcon[1]);
/* Check that all Gradient calculations are ok ************/
sgl_error_check(sglerror);
/* Min TE ******************************************/
tau1 = ss_grad.rfCenterBack + pe_grad.duration + ro_grad.timeToEcho;
tau1 += (sepSliceRephase) ? ssr_grad.duration : 0.0; // Add slice refocusing if separate event
temin = tau1 + GRADIENT_RES; /* ensure that te_delay is at least GRADIENT_RES */
te = granularity(te,GRADIENT_RES);
if (minte[0] == 'y') {
te = temin;
putvalue("te",te);
}
if (FP_LT(te,temin)) {
abort_message("TE too short. Minimum TE= %.3fms\n",temin*1000);
}
te_delay = te - tau1;
/* Min TE2 *****************************************/
tau2 = (readrev) ? 2*ro_grad.timeFromEcho : ro_grad.duration+ref_grad.duration;
te2min = tau2 + GRADIENT_RES;
te2 = granularity(te2,GRADIENT_RES);
if (minte2[0] == 'y') {
te2 = te2min;
putvalue("te2",te2);
}
if (FP_LT(te2,te2min)) {
abort_message("TE2 too short. Minimum TE2= %.3fms\n",te2min*1000);
}
if (readrev) te2_delay = te2 - tau2;
else {
tau2 = ro_grad.duration + 3*ror_grad.duration;
if (te2 >= tau2) {
sepReadRephase = 1; // Set flag for separate read rephase
te2_delay = te2 - ro_grad.duration - 2*ror_grad.duration;
} else {
sepReadRephase = 0;
if (te2 > te2min+GRADIENT_RES) {
ref_grad.duration = granularity(te2-ro_grad.duration-2*GRADIENT_RES,GRADIENT_RES);
ref_grad.calcFlag = AMPLITUDE_FROM_MOMENT_DURATION;
calc_dephase(&ref_grad,WRITE,ro_grad.m0,"","");
}
te2_delay = te2 - ro_grad.duration - ref_grad.duration;
}
}
/* Min TE3 *****************************************/
if (readrev) {
tau3 = 2*ro_grad.timeToEcho;
te3min = tau3 + GRADIENT_RES;
te3 = granularity(te3,GRADIENT_RES);
if (minte3[0] == 'y') {
te3 = te3min;
putvalue("te3",te3);
}
if (FP_LT(te3,te3min)) {
abort_message("TE3 too short. Minimum TE3= %.3fms\n",te3min*1000);
}
te3_delay = te3 - tau3;
}
/* Now set the TE array accordingly */
putCmd("TE = 0"); /* Re-initialize TE */
putCmd("TE[1] = %f",te*1000);
if (readrev) {
for (i=1;i<ne;i++) {
if (i%2 == 0) putCmd("TE[%d] = TE[%d]+%f",i+1,i,te3*1000);
else putCmd("TE[%d] = TE[%d]+%f",i+1,i,te2*1000);
}
} else {
for (i=1;i<ne;i++) putCmd("TE[%d] = TE[%d]+%f",i+1,i,te2*1000);
}
/* Check nsblock, the number of slices blocked together
(used for triggering and/or inversion recovery) */
check_nsblock();
/* Min TR ******************************************/
trmin = ss_grad.duration + te_delay + pe_grad.duration + ne*ro_grad.duration + perTime + 2*GRADIENT_RES;
trmin += (sepSliceRephase) ? ssr_grad.duration : 0.0; // Add slice refocusing if separate event
if (readrev) trmin += (ne/2)*te2_delay + ((ne-1)/2)*te3_delay;
else trmin += (sepReadRephase) ? (ne-1)*(te2_delay+2*ror_grad.duration) : (ne-1)*(te2_delay+ref_grad.duration);
/* Increase TR if any options are selected *********/
if (sat[0] == 'y') trmin += satTime;
if (fsat[0] == 'y') trmin += fsatTime;
if (mt[0] == 'y') trmin += mtTime;
if (ticks > 0) trmin += GRADIENT_RES;
/* Adjust for all slices ***************************/
trmin *= ns;
/* Inversion recovery *********************************/
if (ir[0] == 'y') {
/* tauti is the additional time beyond IR component to be included in ti */
/* satTime, fsatTime and mtTime all included as those modules will be after IR */
tauti = satTime + fsatTime + mtTime + GRADIENT_RES + ss_grad.rfCenterFront;
/* calc_irTime checks ti and returns the time of all IR components */
trmin += calc_irTime(tauti,trmin,mintr[0],tr,&trtype);
}
if (mintr[0] == 'y') {
tr = trmin;
putvalue("tr",tr);
}
if (FP_LT(tr,trmin)) {
abort_message("TR too short. Minimum TR = %.3fms\n",trmin*1000);
}
/* Calculate tr delay */
tr_delay = granularity((tr-trmin)/ns,GRADIENT_RES);
/* Set pe_steps for profile or full image **********/
pe_steps = prep_profile(profile[0],nv,&pe_grad,&per_grad);
F_initval(pe_steps/2.0,vpe_offset);
/* Shift DDR for pro *******************************/
roff = -poffset(pro,ro_grad.roamp);
/* Adjust experiment time for VnmrJ *********************/
if (ssc<0) {
if (seqcon[2] == 'c') g_setExpTime(trmean*(ntmean*pe_steps*arraydim - ssc*arraydim));
else g_setExpTime(trmean*(ntmean*pe_steps*arraydim - ssc*pe_steps*arraydim));
}
else g_setExpTime(trmean*ntmean*pe_steps*arraydim + tr*ssc);
/* PULSE SEQUENCE ***************************************/
status(A);
rotate();
triggerSelect(trigger); // Select trigger input 1/2/3
obsoffset(resto);
delay(GRADIENT_RES);
initval(fabs(ssc),vssc); // Compressed steady-state counter
if (seqcon[2]=='s') assign(zero,vssc); // Zero for standard peloop
assign(zero,vrfspoil_ctr); // RF spoil phase counter
assign(zero,vrfspoil); // RF spoil multiplier
assign(one,vacquire); // real-time acquire flag
setacqvar(vacquire); // Turn on acquire when vacquire is zero
/* trigger */
if (ticks > 0) F_initval((double)nsblock,vtrigblock);
/* Begin phase-encode loop ****************************/
peloop(seqcon[2],pe_steps,vpe_steps,vpe_ctr);
if (trtype) delay(ns*tr_delay); // relaxation delay
/* Compressed steady-states:
1st array & transient, all arrays if ssc is negative */
if ((ix > 1) && (ssc > 0))
assign(zero,vssc);
sub(vpe_ctr,vssc,vpe_ctr); // vpe_ctr counts up from -ssc
assign(zero,vssc);
if (seqcon[2] == 's')
assign(zero,vacquire); // Always acquire for non-compressed loop
else {
ifzero(vpe_ctr);
assign(zero,vacquire); // Start acquiring when vpe_ctr reaches zero
endif(vpe_ctr);
}
/* Set rcvr/xmtr phase for RF spoiling *******************/
if (rfspoil[0] == 'y') {
incr(vrfspoil_ctr); // vrfspoil_ctr = 1 2 3 4 5 6
add(vrfspoil,vrfspoil_ctr,vrfspoil); // vrfspoil = 1 3 6 10 15 21
xmtrphase(vrfspoil);
rcvrphase(vrfspoil);
}
/* Read external kspace table if set ******************/
if (table)
getelem(t1,vpe_ctr,vpe_mult);
else {
ifzero(vacquire);
sub(vpe_ctr,vpe_offset,vpe_mult);
elsenz(vacquire);
sub(zero,vpe_offset,vpe_mult); // Hold PE mult at initial value for steady states
endif(vacquire);
}
/* PE rewinder follows PE table; zero if turned off ***/
if (perewind[0] == 'y') assign(vpe_mult,vper_mult);
else assign(zero,vper_mult);
/* Begin multislice loop ******************************/
msloop(seqcon[1],ns,vms_slices,vms_ctr);
if (!trtype) delay(tr_delay); // Relaxation delay
if (ticks > 0) {
modn(vms_ctr,vtrigblock,vtest);
ifzero(vtest); // if the beginning of an trigger block
xgate(ticks);
grad_advance(gpropdelay);
delay(GRADIENT_RES);
elsenz(vtest);
delay(GRADIENT_RES);
endif(vtest);
}
/* TTL scope trigger **********************************/
sp1on(); delay(GRADIENT_RES); sp1off();
/* Prepulse options ***********************************/
if (ir[0] == 'y') inversion_recovery();
if (sat[0] == 'y') satbands();
if (fsat[0] == 'y') fatsat();
if (mt[0] == 'y') mtc();
/* Slice select RF pulse ******************************/
obspower(p1_rf.powerCoarse);
obspwrf(p1_rf.powerFine);
delay(GRADIENT_RES);
obl_shapedgradient(ss_grad.name,ss_grad.duration,0,0,ss_grad.amp,NOWAIT);
delay(ss_grad.rfDelayFront);
shapedpulselist(shapeEx,ss_grad.rfDuration,oph,rof1,rof2,seqcon[1],vms_ctr);
delay(ss_grad.rfDelayBack);
/* Phase encode, refocus, and dephase gradient ********/
if (sepSliceRephase) { // separate slice refocus gradient
obl_shapedgradient(ssr_grad.name,ssr_grad.duration,0,0,-ssr_grad.amp,WAIT);
delay(te_delay); // delay between slab refocus and pe
pe_shapedgradient(pe_grad.name,pe_grad.duration,-ror_grad.amp,0,0,
-pe_grad.increment,vpe_mult,WAIT);
} else {
pe_shapedgradient(pe_grad.name,pe_grad.duration,-ror_grad.amp,0,-ssr_grad.amp,
-pe_grad.increment,vpe_mult,WAIT);
delay(te_delay); // delay after refocus/pe
}
F_initval(ne,vne);
loop(vne,vne_ctr);
if (readrev) {
mod2(vne_ctr,vneindex);
ifzero(vneindex);
/* Shift DDR for pro *******************************/
roff = -poffset(pro,ro_grad.roamp);
/* Readout gradient ********************************/
obl_shapedgradient(ro_grad.name,ro_grad.duration,ro_grad.amp,0,0,NOWAIT);
delay(ro_grad.atDelayFront-alfa);
/* Acquisition ***************************************/
startacq(alfa);
acquire(np,1.0/sw);
delay(ro_grad.atDelayBack);
endacq();
sub(vne,vne_ctr,vnelast);
sub(vnelast,one,vnelast);
ifzero(vnelast);
elsenz(vnelast);
delay(te2_delay);
endif(vnelast);
elsenz(vneindex);
/* Shift DDR for pro *******************************/
roff = -poffset(pro,-ro_grad.roamp);
/* Readout gradient ********************************/
obl_shapedgradient(ro_grad.name,ro_grad.duration,-ro_grad.amp,0,0,NOWAIT);
delay(ro_grad.atDelayFront-alfa);
/* Acquisition ***************************************/
startacq(alfa);
acquire(np,1.0/sw);
delay(ro_grad.atDelayBack);
endacq();
sub(vne,vne_ctr,vnelast);
sub(vnelast,one,vnelast);
ifzero(vnelast);
elsenz(vnelast);
delay(te3_delay);
endif(vnelast);
endif(vneindex);
} else {
/* Shift DDR for pro *******************************/
roff = -poffset(pro,ro_grad.roamp);
/* Readout gradient ********************************/
obl_shapedgradient(ro_grad.name,ro_grad.duration,ro_grad.amp,0,0,NOWAIT);
delay(ro_grad.atDelayFront-alfa);
/* Acquisition ***************************************/
startacq(alfa);
acquire(np,1.0/sw);
delay(ro_grad.atDelayBack);
endacq();
sub(vne,vne_ctr,vnelast);
sub(vnelast,one,vnelast);
ifzero(vnelast);
elsenz(vnelast);
if (sepReadRephase) {
obl_shapedgradient(ror_grad.name,ror_grad.duration,-ror_grad.amp,0,0,WAIT);
delay(te2_delay);
obl_shapedgradient(ror_grad.name,ror_grad.duration,-ror_grad.amp,0,0,WAIT);
} else {
obl_shapedgradient(ref_grad.name,ref_grad.duration,-ref_grad.amp,0,0,WAIT);
delay(te2_delay);
}
endif(vnelast);
}
endloop(vne_ctr);
/* Rewind / spoiler gradient **************************/
if ((perewind[0] == 'y') || (spoilflag[0] == 'y')) {
pe_shapedgradient(pe_grad.name,pe_grad.duration,spoil_grad.amp,0,0,pe_grad.increment,vper_mult,WAIT);
}
endmsloop(seqcon[1],vms_ctr);
endpeloop(seqcon[2],vpe_ctr);
/* Inter-image delay **********************************/
sub(ntrt,ct,vtrimage);
decr(vtrimage);
ifzero(vtrimage);
delay(trimage);
endif(vtrimage);
}
pulsesequence()
{
/* Internal variable declarations *********************/
double freq90[MAXNSLICE],freq180[MAXNSLICE];
double te_delay1,te_delay2,tr_delay,tau1,tau2,thk2fact,te_delay3=0.0,te_delay4=0.0,navTime=0.0;
double crushm0,pem0,gcrushr,gcrushp,gcrushs,pecrush;
double refsign=1,crushsign=1,navsign=1;
int shape90,shape180,table=0,sepRefocus;
char slprofile[MAXSTR];
/* sequence dependent diffusion variables */
double Gro,Gss; // "gdiff" for readout/readout refocus and slice/slice refocus
double dgro,dgss; // "delta" for readout/readout refocus and slice/slice refocus
double Dgro,Dgss; // "DELTA" for readout/readout refocus and slice/slice refocus
double dcrush,dgss2; // "delta" for crusher and gss2 gradients
double Dcrush,Dgss2; // "DELTA" for crusher and gss2 gradients
int i;
/* Real-time variables used in this sequence **********/
int vpe_steps = v1; // Number of PE steps
int vpe_ctr = v2; // PE loop counter
int vms_slices = v3; // Number of slices
int vms_ctr = v4; // Slice loop counter
int vpe_offset = v5; // PE/2 for non-table offset
int vpe_mult = v6; // PE multiplier, ranges from -PE/2 to PE/2
int vph180 = v7; // Phase of 180 pulse
int vph2 = v8; // alternate phase of 180 on odd transients
int vssc = v9; // Compressed steady-states
int vtrimage = v10; // Counts down from nt, trimage delay when 0
int vacquire = v11; // Argument for setacqvar, to skip steady state acquires
int vtrigblock = v12; // Number of slices per trigger block
/* Initialize paramaters *****************************/
init_mri();
thk2fact=getval("thk2fact");
pecrush=getval("pecrush");
sepRefocus=getvalnwarn("sepRefocus");
getstrnwarn("slprofile",slprofile);
/* Check for external PE table ***********************/
init_tablepar("pelist"); // Initialize pelist parameter
if (strcmp(petable,"n") && strcmp(petable,"N") && strcmp(petable,"")) {
loadtable(petable);
writetabletopar(t1,"pelist"); // Write t1 table to pelist parameter
table = 1;
}
/* RF Power & Bandwidth Calculations ******************/
shape_rf(&p1_rf,"p1",p1pat,p1,flip1,rof1,rof2);
shape_rf(&p2_rf,"p2",p2pat,p2,flip2,rof1,rof2);
calc_rf(&p1_rf,"tpwr1","tpwr1f");
calc_rf(&p2_rf,"tpwr2","tpwr2f");
/* Initialize gradient structures *********************/
init_slice(&ss_grad,"ss",thk);
init_slice(&ss2_grad,"ss2",thk*thk2fact);
init_dephase(&crush_grad,"crush");
init_slice_refocus(&ssr_grad,"ssr");
if (FP_LT(tcrushro,alfa)) tcrushro=alfa;
init_readout_butterfly(&ro_grad,"ro",lro,np,sw,gcrushro,tcrushro);
init_readout_refocus(&ror_grad,"ror");
init_phase(&pe_grad,"pe",lpe,nv);
init_generic(&spoil_grad,"spoil",gspoil,tspoil);
/* Gradient calculations ******************************/
calc_readout(&ro_grad, WRITE,"gro","sw","at");
ro_grad.m0ref *= grof;
calc_readout_refocus(&ror_grad,&ro_grad,NOWRITE,"gror");
calc_phase(&pe_grad,NOWRITE,"gpe","tpe");
calc_slice(&ss_grad,&p1_rf,WRITE,"gss");
calc_slice(&ss2_grad,&p2_rf,WRITE,"gss2");
calc_slice_refocus(&ssr_grad,&ss_grad,WRITE,"gssr");
calc_generic(&spoil_grad,WRITE,"","");
/* Make sure crushing in PE dimension does not refocus signal from 180 */
crushm0=fabs(gcrush*tcrush);
pem0=0.0; gcrushp=0.0;
if (pecrush) pem0=pe_grad.m0;
calc_dephase(&crush_grad,WRITE,crushm0+pem0,"","");
gcrushr = crush_grad.amp*crushm0/crush_grad.m0;
if (pecrush) gcrushp = crush_grad.amp;
gcrushs = crush_grad.amp*crushm0/crush_grad.m0;
/* Allow phase encode and read dephase to be separated from slice refocus */
if (sepRefocus) {
/* Equalize read dephase and PE gradient durations */
calc_sim_gradient(&ror_grad,&pe_grad,&null_grad,0,WRITE);
crushsign=-1;
} else {
if (slprofile[0] == 'y') {
/* Combined slice refocusing and read dephasing,
reverse gradient sign if ror > ssr integral */
refsign = (ss_grad.m0ref > ro_grad.m0ref) ? 1.0 : -1.0;
ss_grad.m0ref -= ro_grad.m0ref;
calc_slice_refocus(&ssr_grad,&ss_grad,NOWRITE,"gssr");
}
/* Equalize both refocus and PE gradient durations */
calc_sim_gradient(&ror_grad,&pe_grad,&ssr_grad,0,WRITE);
}
/* Create optional prepulse events ********************/
if (fsat[0] == 'y') create_fatsat();
if (sat[0] == 'y') create_satbands();
if (mt[0] == 'y') create_mtc();
if (ir[0] == 'y') create_inversion_recovery();
if (diff[0] == 'y') init_diffusion(&diffusion,&diff_grad,"diff",gdiff,tdelta);
sgl_error_check(sglerror);
/* Min TE *********************************************/
te = granularity(te,2*GRADIENT_RES);
/* tau1, tau2 are the sum of events in each half echo period */
/* tau1, tau2 include a GRADIENT_RES as this is minimum delay time */
tau1 = ss_grad.rfCenterBack + ssr_grad.duration + crush_grad.duration + ss2_grad.rfCenterFront + 2*GRADIENT_RES;
tau2 = ss2_grad.rfCenterBack + crush_grad.duration + ro_grad.timeToEcho + GRADIENT_RES;
if (sepRefocus) tau2 += ror_grad.duration;
temin = 2*MAX(tau1,tau2);
/* Diffusion ******************************************/
if (diff[0] == 'y') {
/* granulate tDELTA */
tDELTA = granularity(tDELTA,GRADIENT_RES);
/* taudiff is the duration of events between diffusion gradients */
taudiff = ss2_grad.duration + 2*crush_grad.duration + GRADIENT_RES;
/* set minimum diffusion structure requirements for gradient echo: taudiff, tDELTA, te and minte[0] */
set_diffusion(&diffusion,taudiff,tDELTA,te,minte[0]);
/* set additional diffusion structure requirements for spin echo: tau1 and tau2 */
set_diffusion_se(&diffusion,tau1,tau2);
/* calculate the diffusion structure delays.
address &temin is required in order to update temin accordingly */
calc_diffTime(&diffusion,&temin);
}
/* TE delays ******************************************/
if (minte[0] == 'y') {
te = temin;
putvalue("te",te);
}
if (FP_LT(te,temin)) {
abort_message("TE too short, minimum TE = %.3f ms\n",temin*1000);
}
te_delay1 = te/2 - tau1 + GRADIENT_RES;
te_delay2 = te/2 - tau2 + GRADIENT_RES;
if (navigator[0] == 'y') {
/* tau1, tau2 are the sum of events in each half echo period */
tau1 = ro_grad.timeFromEcho + pe_grad.duration + crush_grad.duration + ss2_grad.rfCenterFront;
tau2 = ss2_grad.rfCenterBack + crush_grad.duration + ro_grad.timeToEcho;
if (FP_GT(tau1,tau2)) {
te_delay3 = GRADIENT_RES;
te_delay4 = tau1-tau2+GRADIENT_RES;
} else {
te_delay3 = tau2-tau1+GRADIENT_RES;
te_delay4 = GRADIENT_RES;
}
navTime = te_delay3 + ss2_grad.duration + 2*crush_grad.duration + ro_grad.duration + te_delay4 + 2*GRADIENT_RES;
}
/* Check nsblock, the number of slices blocked together
(used for triggering and/or inversion recovery) */
check_nsblock();
/* Min TR *********************************************/
trmin = ss_grad.rfCenterFront + te + ro_grad.timeFromEcho + pe_grad.duration + 2*GRADIENT_RES;
/* Increase TR if any options are selected ************/
if (spoilflag[0] == 'y') trmin += spoil_grad.duration;
if (navigator[0] == 'y') trmin += navTime;
if (sat[0] == 'y') trmin += satTime;
if (fsat[0] == 'y') trmin += fsatTime;
if (mt[0] == 'y') trmin += mtTime;
if (ticks > 0) trmin += GRADIENT_RES;
/* Adjust for all slices ******************************/
trmin *= ns;
/* Inversion recovery *********************************/
if (ir[0] == 'y') {
/* tauti is the additional time beyond IR component to be included in ti */
/* satTime, fsatTime and mtTime all included as those modules will be after IR */
tauti = satTime + fsatTime + mtTime + GRADIENT_RES + ss_grad.rfCenterFront;
/* calc_irTime checks ti and returns the time of all IR components */
trmin += calc_irTime(tauti,trmin,mintr[0],tr,&trtype);
}
if (mintr[0] == 'y') {
tr = trmin;
putvalue("tr",tr);
}
if (FP_LT(tr,trmin)) {
abort_message("TR too short, minimum TR = %.3f ms\n",trmin*1000);
}
/* TR delay *******************************************/
tr_delay = granularity((tr-trmin)/ns,GRADIENT_RES);
/* Calculate B values *********************************/
if (ix == 1) {
/* Calculate bvalues according to main diffusion gradients */
calc_bvalues(&diffusion,"dro","dpe","dsl");
/* Add components from additional diffusion encoding imaging gradients peculiar to this sequence */
/* Initialize variables */
dgro = 0.5*(ror_grad.duration+ro_grad.timeToEcho);
Gro = ro_grad.m0ref/dgro; Dgro = dgro;
if (!sepRefocus) Dgro = te-ss_grad.rfCenterBack-ro_grad.timeToEcho;
dgss = 0.5*(ss_grad.rfCenterBack+ssr_grad.duration);
Gss = ss_grad.m0ref/dgss; Dgss = dgss;
dgss2 = ss2_grad.duration/2; Dgss2 = dgss2;
dcrush = crush_grad.duration-crush_grad.tramp; Dcrush = crush_grad.duration+ss2_grad.duration;
for (i = 0; i < diffusion.nbval; i++) {
/* set droval, dpeval and dslval */
set_dvalues(&diffusion,&droval,&dpeval,&dslval,i);
/* Readout */
diffusion.bro[i] += bval(Gro,dgro,Dgro);
diffusion.bro[i] += bval(crushsign*gcrushr,dcrush,Dcrush);
diffusion.bro[i] += bval_nested(gdiff*droval,tdelta,tDELTA,crushsign*gcrushr,dcrush,Dcrush);
if (!sepRefocus) {
diffusion.bro[i] += bval_nested(Gro,dgro,Dgro,gdiff*droval,tdelta,tDELTA);
diffusion.bro[i] += bval_nested(Gro,dgro,Dgro,crushsign*gcrushr,dcrush,Dcrush);
}
/* Phase */
if (pecrush) {
diffusion.bpe[i] += bval(gcrushp,dcrush,Dcrush);
diffusion.bpe[i] += bval_nested(gdiff*dpeval,tdelta,tDELTA,gcrushp,dcrush,Dcrush);
}
/* Slice */
diffusion.bsl[i] += bval(Gss,dgss,Dgss);
diffusion.bsl[i] += bval(gcrushs,dcrush,Dcrush);
diffusion.bsl[i] += bval(ss2_grad.ssamp,dgss2,Dgss2);
diffusion.bsl[i] += bval_nested(gdiff*dslval,tdelta,tDELTA,gcrushs,dcrush,Dcrush);
diffusion.bsl[i] += bval_nested(gdiff*dslval,tdelta,tDELTA,ss2_grad.ssamp,dgss2,Dgss2);
diffusion.bsl[i] += bval_nested(gcrushs,dcrush,Dcrush,ss2_grad.ssamp,dgss2,Dgss2);
/* Readout/Phase Cross-terms */
diffusion.brp[i] += bval_cross(gdiff*dpeval,tdelta,tDELTA,crushsign*gcrushr,dcrush,Dcrush);
diffusion.brp[i] += bval_cross(gdiff*dpeval,tdelta,tDELTA,crushsign*gcrushr,dcrush,Dcrush);
if (pecrush) diffusion.brp[i] += bval_cross(gdiff*droval,tdelta,tDELTA,gcrushp,dcrush,Dcrush);
if (!sepRefocus) {
diffusion.brp[i] += bval_cross(Gro,dgro,Dgro,gdiff*dpeval,tdelta,tDELTA);
if (pecrush) diffusion.brp[i] += bval_cross(Gro,dgro,Dgro,gcrushp,dcrush,Dcrush);
}
/* Readout/Slice Cross-terms */
diffusion.brs[i] += bval2(crushsign*gcrushr,gcrushs,dcrush,Dcrush);
diffusion.brs[i] += bval_cross(gdiff*droval,tdelta,tDELTA,gcrushs,dcrush,Dcrush);
diffusion.brs[i] += bval_cross(gdiff*dslval,tdelta,tDELTA,crushsign*gcrushr,dcrush,Dcrush);
diffusion.brs[i] += bval_cross(gdiff*droval,tdelta,tDELTA,ss2_grad.ssamp,dgss2,Dgss2);
if (!sepRefocus) {
diffusion.brs[i] += bval_cross(Gro,dgro,Dgro,gdiff*dslval,tdelta,tDELTA);
diffusion.brs[i] += bval_cross(Gro,dgro,Dgro,gcrushs,dcrush,Dcrush);
diffusion.brs[i] += bval_cross(Gro,dgro,Dgro,ss2_grad.ssamp,dgss2,Dgss2);
}
/* Slice/Phase Cross-terms */
diffusion.bsp[i] += bval_cross(gdiff*dpeval,tdelta,tDELTA,gcrushs,dcrush,Dcrush);
diffusion.bsp[i] += bval_cross(gdiff*dpeval,tdelta,tDELTA,ss2_grad.ssamp,dgss2,Dgss2);
if (pecrush) {
diffusion.bsp[i] += bval2(gcrushs,gcrushp,dcrush,Dcrush);
diffusion.bsp[i] += bval_cross(gdiff*dslval,tdelta,tDELTA,gcrushp,dcrush,Dcrush);
diffusion.bsp[i] += bval_cross(gcrushp,dcrush,Dcrush,ss2_grad.ssamp,dgss2,Dgss2);
}
} /* End for-all-directions */
/* Write the values */
write_bvalues(&diffusion,"bval","bvalue","max_bval");
}
/* Generate phase-ramped pulses ***********************/
offsetlist(pss,ss_grad.ssamp,0,freq90,ns,seqcon[1]);
offsetlist(pss,ss2_grad.ssamp,0,freq180,ns,seqcon[1]);
shape90 = shapelist(p1_rf.pulseName,ss_grad.rfDuration,freq90,ns,ss_grad.rfFraction,seqcon[1]);
shape180 = shapelist(p2_rf.pulseName,ss2_grad.rfDuration,freq180,ns,ss2_grad.rfFraction,seqcon[1]);
/* Set pe_steps for profile or full image *************/
pe_steps = prep_profile(profile[0],nv,&pe_grad,&null_grad);
F_initval(pe_steps/2.0,vpe_offset);
/* Shift DDR for pro **********************************/
roff = -poffset(pro,ro_grad.roamp);
/* Adjust experiment time for VnmrJ *******************/
if (ssc<0) {
if (seqcon[2] == 'c') g_setExpTime(trmean*(ntmean*pe_steps*arraydim - ssc*arraydim));
else g_setExpTime(trmean*(ntmean*pe_steps*arraydim - ssc*pe_steps*arraydim));
}
else g_setExpTime(trmean*ntmean*pe_steps*arraydim + tr*ssc);
/* Slice profile **************************************/
if (slprofile[0] == 'y' && !sepRefocus) ror_grad.amp = 0;
/* Set phase cycle table ******************************/
if (sepRefocus) settable(t2,1,ph180); // Phase encode is just before readout
else settable(t2,2,ph180);
/* PULSE SEQUENCE *************************************/
status(A); // Set status A
rotate(); // Set gradient rotation according to psi, phi and theta
triggerSelect(trigger); // Select trigger input 1/2/3
obsoffset(resto); // Set spectrometer frequency
delay(GRADIENT_RES); // Delay for frequency setting
initval(fabs(ssc),vssc); // Compressed steady-state counter
if (seqcon[2]=='s') assign(zero,vssc); // Zero for standard peloop
assign(one,vacquire); // real-time acquire flag
setacqvar(vacquire); // Turn on acquire when vacquire is zero
/* trigger */
if (ticks > 0) F_initval((double)nsblock,vtrigblock);
/* Begin phase-encode loop ****************************/
peloop(seqcon[2],pe_steps,vpe_steps,vpe_ctr);
if (trtype) delay(ns*tr_delay); // relaxation delay
/* Compressed steady-states: 1st array & transient, all arrays if ssc is negative */
if ((ix > 1) && (ssc > 0))
assign(zero,vssc);
sub(vpe_ctr,vssc,vpe_ctr); // vpe_ctr counts up from -ssc
assign(zero,vssc);
if (seqcon[2] == 's')
assign(zero,vacquire); // Always acquire for non-compressed loop
else {
ifzero(vpe_ctr);
assign(zero,vacquire); // Start acquiring when vpe_ctr reaches zero
endif(vpe_ctr);
}
/* Read external kspace table if set ******************/
if (table)
getelem(t1,vpe_ctr,vpe_mult);
else {
ifzero(vacquire);
sub(vpe_ctr,vpe_offset,vpe_mult);
elsenz(vacquire);
sub(zero,vpe_offset,vpe_mult); // Hold PE mult at initial value for steady states
endif(vacquire);
}
/* Phase cycle ****************************************/
getelem(t2,vpe_ctr,vph180); // For phase encoding with slice rephase
add(oph,vph180,vph180); // 180 deg pulse phase alternates +/- 90 from receiver
mod2(ct,vph2);
dbl(vph2,vph2);
add(vph180,vph2,vph180); // Alternate phase for 180 on odd transients
/* Begin multislice loop ******************************/
msloop(seqcon[1],ns,vms_slices,vms_ctr);
if (!trtype) delay(tr_delay); // Relaxation delay
if (ticks > 0) {
modn(vms_ctr,vtrigblock,vtest);
ifzero(vtest); // if the beginning of an trigger block
xgate(ticks);
grad_advance(gpropdelay);
delay(GRADIENT_RES);
elsenz(vtest);
delay(GRADIENT_RES);
endif(vtest);
}
sp1on(); delay(GRADIENT_RES); sp1off(); // Scope trigger
/* Prepulse options ***********************************/
if (ir[0] == 'y') inversion_recovery();
if (sat[0] == 'y') satbands();
if (fsat[0] == 'y') fatsat();
if (mt[0] == 'y') mtc();
/* Slice select RF pulse ******************************/
obspower(p1_rf.powerCoarse);
obspwrf(p1_rf.powerFine);
delay(GRADIENT_RES);
obl_shapedgradient(ss_grad.name,ss_grad.duration,0,0,ss_grad.amp,NOWAIT);
delay(ss_grad.rfDelayFront);
shapedpulselist(shape90,ss_grad.rfDuration,oph,rof1,rof2,seqcon[1],vms_ctr);
delay(ss_grad.rfDelayBack);
/* Slice refocus gradient *****************************/
if (sepRefocus)
obl_shapedgradient(ssr_grad.name,ssr_grad.duration,0,0,-ssr_grad.amp,WAIT);
else
/* Include phase encode and readout dephase gradient if refocus gradients not separated */
pe_shapedgradient(pe_grad.name,pe_grad.duration,ror_grad.amp,0,-ssr_grad.amp*refsign,pe_grad.increment,vpe_mult,WAIT);
if (diff[0] == 'y') {
delay(diffusion.d1);
diffusion_dephase(&diffusion,dro,dpe,dsl);
delay(diffusion.d2);
}
else
delay(te_delay1);
/* Refocusing RF pulse ********************************/
obspower(p2_rf.powerCoarse);
obspwrf(p2_rf.powerFine);
delay(GRADIENT_RES);
obl_shapedgradient(crush_grad.name,crush_grad.duration,crushsign*gcrushr,gcrushp,gcrushs,WAIT);
obl_shapedgradient(ss2_grad.name,ss2_grad.duration,0,0,ss2_grad.amp,NOWAIT);
delay(ss2_grad.rfDelayFront);
shapedpulselist(shape180,ss2_grad.rfDuration,vph180,rof2,rof2,seqcon[1],vms_ctr);
delay(ss2_grad.rfDelayBack);
obl_shapedgradient(crush_grad.name,crush_grad.duration,crushsign*gcrushr,gcrushp,gcrushs,WAIT);
if (diff[0] == 'y') {
delay(diffusion.d3);
diffusion_rephase(&diffusion,dro,dpe,dsl);
delay(diffusion.d4);
}
else
delay(te_delay2);
/* Readout dephase, phase encode & readout gradients **/
roff = -poffset(pro,ro_grad.roamp); // incase inverted navigator is acquired
if (slprofile[0] == 'y') {
/* Readout gradient only if refocus gradients not separated */
if (sepRefocus)
obl_shapedgradient(ror_grad.name,ror_grad.duration,0,0,-ror_grad.amp,WAIT);
obl_shapedgradient(ro_grad.name,ro_grad.duration,0,0,ro_grad.amp,NOWAIT);
} else {
/* Readout gradient only if refocus gradients not separated */
if (sepRefocus)
pe_shapedgradient(pe_grad.name,pe_grad.duration,-ror_grad.amp,0,0,-pe_grad.increment,vpe_mult,WAIT);
obl_shapedgradient(ro_grad.name,ro_grad.duration,ro_grad.amp,0,0,NOWAIT);
}
/* Acquisition ****************************************/
delay(ro_grad.atDelayFront-alfa);
startacq(alfa);
acquire(np,1.0/sw);
delay(ro_grad.atDelayBack);
endacq();
/* Rewind Phase encoding ******************************/
pe_shapedgradient(pe_grad.name,pe_grad.duration,0,0,0,pe_grad.increment,vpe_mult,WAIT);
/* Navigator acquisition ******************************/
if (navigator[0] == 'y') {
delay(te_delay3);
obl_shapedgradient(crush_grad.name,crush_grad.duration,-crushsign*gcrushr,0,-gcrushs,WAIT);
obl_shapedgradient(ss2_grad.name,ss2_grad.duration,0,0,ss2_grad.amp,NOWAIT);
delay(ss2_grad.rfDelayFront);
shapedpulselist(shape180,ss2_grad.rfDuration,vph180,rof2,rof2,seqcon[1],vms_ctr);
delay(ss2_grad.rfDelayBack);
obl_shapedgradient(crush_grad.name,crush_grad.duration,-crushsign*gcrushr,0,-gcrushs,WAIT);
delay(te_delay4);
obl_shapedgradient(ro_grad.name,ro_grad.duration,navsign*ro_grad.amp,0,0,NOWAIT);
delay(ro_grad.atDelayFront-alfa);
startacq(alfa);
acquire(np,1.0/sw);
delay(ro_grad.atDelayBack);
endacq();
}
if (spoilflag[0] == 'y') {
obl_shapedgradient(spoil_grad.name,spoil_grad.duration,navsign*spoil_grad.amp,0,spoil_grad.amp,WAIT);
}
endmsloop(seqcon[1],vms_ctr);
endpeloop(seqcon[2],vpe_ctr);
/* Inter-image delay **********************************/
sub(ntrt,ct,vtrimage);
decr(vtrimage);
ifzero(vtrimage);
delay(trimage);
endif(vtrimage);
/* Duty cycle *****************************************/
calc_grad_duty(tr);
}
pulsesequence()
{
/* Internal variable declarations *************************/
double freq90[MAXNSLICE],freq180[MAXNSLICE],freqIR[MAXNSLICE];
int shape90=0, shape180=0, shapeIR=0;
double te_delay1, te_delay2, tr_delay, ti_delay = 0;
double del1=0, del2=0, del3=0, del4=0;
double tau1=0, tau2=0, difftime=0, tetime=0;
int table=0;
/* Diffusion parameters */
#define MAXDIR 1024 /* Will anybody do more than 1024 directions or b-values? */
double roarr[MAXDIR], pearr[MAXDIR], slarr[MAXDIR];
int nbval, /* Total number of bvalues*directions */
nbro, nbpe, nbsl,
i;
double bro[MAXDIR], bpe[MAXDIR], bsl[MAXDIR], /* b-values along RO, PE, SL */
brs[MAXDIR], brp[MAXDIR], bsp[MAXDIR], /* and the cross-terms */
btrace[MAXDIR], /* and the trace */
max_bval=0,
dcrush, dgss2, /* "delta" for crusher and gss2 gradients */
Dro, Dcrush, Dgss2; /* "DELTA" for readout, crusher and gss2 gradients */
/* Real-time variables ************************************/
int vpe_steps = v1;
int vpe_ctr = v2;
int vms_slices = v3;
int vms_ctr = v4;
int vpe_offset = v5;
int vpe_index = v6;
int vph180 = v7; // Phase of 180 pulse
int vph2 = v8; // alternate phase of 180 on odd transients
/* Initialize paramaters *********************************/
init_mri();
/* Check for external PE table ***************************/
if (strcmp(petable,"n") && strcmp(petable,"N") && strcmp(petable,"")) {
loadtable(petable);
table = 1;
}
if ((diff[0] == 'y') && (gcrush < 4))
warn_message("Advisory: set gcrush to higher value to avoid image artifacts");
/* Initialize gradient structures *************************/
init_rf(&p1_rf,p1pat,p1,flip1,rof1,rof2);
init_rf(&p2_rf,p2pat,p2,flip2,rof2,rof2);
init_slice(&ss_grad,"ss",thk);
init_slice_butterfly(&ss2_grad,"ss2",thk*1.1,gcrush,tcrush);
init_slice_refocus(&ssr_grad,"ssr");
init_readout_butterfly(&ro_grad,"ro",lro,np,sw,gcrushro,tcrushro);
init_readout_refocus(&ror_grad,"ror");
init_phase(&pe_grad,"pe",lpe,nv);
/* RF Calculations ****************************************/
calc_rf(&p1_rf,"tpwr1","tpwr1f");
calc_rf(&p2_rf,"tpwr2","tpwr2f");
if (p2_rf.header.rfFraction != 0.5)
abort_message("RF pulse for refocusing (%s) must be symmetric",p2pat);
/* Gradient calculations **********************************/
calc_slice(&ss_grad,&p1_rf,WRITE,"gss");
calc_slice(&ss2_grad,&p2_rf,WRITE,"gss2");
calc_slice_refocus(&ssr_grad, &ss_grad, NOWRITE,"gssr");
calc_readout(&ro_grad, WRITE, "gro","sw","at");
ro_grad.m0ref *= grof;
calc_readout_refocus(&ror_grad, &ro_grad, NOWRITE, "gror");
calc_phase(&pe_grad, NOWRITE, "gpe","tpe");
/* Equalize refocus and PE gradient durations *************/
calc_sim_gradient(&ror_grad, &pe_grad, &ssr_grad,0,WRITE);
/* Set up diffusion gradient */
if (diff[0] == 'y') {
init_generic(&diff_grad,"diff",gdiff,tdelta);
calc_generic(&diff_grad,NOWRITE,"","");
/* adjust duration, so tdelta is from start ramp up to start ramp down */
if (ix == 1) diff_grad.duration += diff_grad.tramp;
calc_generic(&diff_grad,WRITE,"","");
}
/* Min TE *************************************************/
tau1 = ss_grad.rfCenterBack + pe_grad.duration + 4e-6 + ss2_grad.rfCenterFront;
tau2 = ss2_grad.rfCenterBack + ror_grad.duration + ro_grad.timeToEcho + alfa;
temin = 2*(MAX(tau1,tau2) + 2*4e-6); /* have at least 4us between gradient events */
/* Calculate te_delays with the current TE, then later see how diffusion fits */
if ((minte[0] == 'y') || (te < temin)) {
te_delay1 = temin/2 - tau1;
te_delay2 = temin/2 - tau2;
}
else {
te_delay1 = te/2 - tau1;
te_delay2 = te/2 - tau2;
}
if (diff[0] =='y') {
/* Is tDELTA long enough for RF refocusing gradient? */
if (tDELTA < diff_grad.duration + ss2_grad.duration)
abort_message("DELTA too short, increase to %.2fms",
(diff_grad.duration + ss2_grad.duration)*1000+0.005);
/* Is tDELTA too long for TE dead time? */
difftime = tDELTA + diff_grad.duration; // tDELTA + front & back half diff_grad
tetime = ss2_grad.duration + te_delay1 + te_delay2;
if (difftime > tetime) {
temin += (difftime - tetime);
}
}
/* We now know the minimum TE incl. diffusion */
if (minte[0] == 'y') {
te = temin;
putvalue("te",ceil(te*1e6)*1e-6); /* round up to nearest us */
}
if (te < temin) {
if (diff[0] == 'n') {
abort_message("TE too short. Minimum TE = %.2fms\n",temin*1000);
}
else {
abort_message("TE too short, increase to %.2fms or reduce DELTA to %.2fms",
temin*1000,(tetime-diff_grad.duration)*1000);
}
}
te_delay1 = te/2 - tau1;
te_delay2 = te/2 - tau2;
/* Set up delays around diffusion gradients */
/* RF1 - del1 - diff - del2 - RF2 - del3 - diff - del4 - ACQ */
if (diff[0] == 'y') {
del1 = (tetime - difftime)/2;
del4 = del1;
del2 = te_delay1 - diff_grad.duration;
del3 = te_delay2 - diff_grad.duration;
if (del3 < 0.0) { // shift diff block to right
del1 += del3;
del2 -= del3;
del4 -= del3;
del3 = 0;
} else if (del2 < 0.0) { // shift diff block to left
del1 -= del2;
del3 -= del2;
del4 += del2;
del2 = 0;
}
}
else { /* No diffusion */
del1 = 0;
del3 = 0;
del2 = te_delay1;
del4 = te_delay2;
}
/* Min TR *************************************************/
trmin = (ss_grad.duration - ss_grad.rfCenterBack) + te + ro_grad.timeFromEcho;
if (navigator[0] == 'y')
trmin += (pe_grad.duration + ro_grad.duration);
/* Optional prepulse calculations *************************/
if (sat[0] == 'y') {
create_satbands();
trmin += satTime;
}
if (fsat[0] == 'y') {
create_fatsat();
trmin += fsatTime;
}
if (mt[0] == 'y') {
create_mtc();
trmin += mtTime;
}
if (ir[0] == 'y') {
init_rf(&ir_rf,pipat,pi,flipir,rof2,rof2);
calc_rf(&ir_rf,"tpwri","tpwrif");
init_slice_butterfly(&ssi_grad,"ssi",thk,gcrushir,tcrushir);
calc_slice(&ssi_grad,&ir_rf,WRITE,"gssi");
tau1 = ss_grad.duration - ss_grad.rfCenterBack; /* duration of ss_grad before RF center */
ti_delay = ti - (ssi_grad.rfCenterBack + tau1);
if (ti_delay < 0) {
abort_message("TI too short, Minimum TI = %.2fms\n",(ti-ti_delay)*1000);
}
irTime = ti + ssi_grad.duration - ssi_grad.rfCenterBack; /* time to add to TR */
trmin += irTime;
trmin -= tau1; /* but subtract out ss_grad which was already included in TR */
}
trmin *= ns;
if (mintr[0] == 'y'){
tr = trmin + ns*4e-6;
putvalue("tr",tr);
}
if (tr < trmin) {
abort_message("TR too short. Minimum TR= %.2fms\n",trmin*1000);
}
tr_delay = (tr - trmin)/ns > 4e-6 ? (tr - trmin)/ns : 4e-6;
/***************************************************/
/* CALCULATE B VALUES ******************************/
if (diff[0] == 'y') {
/* Get multiplication factors and make sure they have same # elements */
/* All this is only necessary because putCmd only work for ix==1 */
nbro = (int) getarray("dro",roarr); nbval = nbro;
nbpe = (int) getarray("dpe",pearr); if (nbpe > nbval) nbval = nbpe;
nbsl = (int) getarray("dsl",slarr); if (nbsl > nbval) nbval = nbsl;
if ((nbro != nbval) && (nbro != 1))
abort_message("%s: Number of directions/b-values must be the same for all axes (readout)",seqfil);
if ((nbpe != nbval) && (nbpe != 1))
abort_message("%s: Number of directions/b-values must be the same for all axes (phase)",seqfil);
if ((nbsl != nbval) && (nbsl != 1))
abort_message("%s: Number of directions/b-values must be the same for all axes (slice)",seqfil);
if (nbro == 1) for (i = 1; i < nbval; i++) roarr[i] = roarr[0];
if (nbpe == 1) for (i = 1; i < nbval; i++) pearr[i] = pearr[0];
if (nbsl == 1) for (i = 1; i < nbval; i++) slarr[i] = slarr[0];
}
else {
nbval = 1;
roarr[0] = 0;
pearr[0] = 0;
slarr[0] = 0;
}
for (i = 0; i < nbval; i++) {
/* Readout */
Dro = ror_grad.duration;
bro[i] = bval(gdiff*roarr[i],tdelta,tDELTA);
bro[i] += bval(ro_grad.amp,ro_grad.timeToEcho,Dro);
/* Slice */
dgss2 = Dgss2 = ss_grad.rfCenterFront;
dcrush = tcrush; //"delta" for crusher part of butterfly
Dcrush = dcrush + ss_grad.rfDuration; //"DELTA" for crusher
bsl[i] = bval(gdiff*slarr[i],tdelta,tDELTA);
bsl[i] += bval(gcrush,dcrush,Dcrush);
bsl[i] += bval(ss2_grad.ssamp,dgss2,Dgss2);
bsl[i] += bval_nested(gdiff*slarr[i],tdelta,tDELTA,gcrush,dcrush,Dcrush);
bsl[i] += bval_nested(gdiff*slarr[i],tdelta,tDELTA,ss2_grad.ssamp,dgss2,Dgss2);
bsl[i] += bval_nested(gcrush,dcrush,Dcrush,ss2_grad.ssamp,dgss2,Dgss2);
/* Phase */
bpe[i] = bval(gdiff*pearr[i],tdelta,tDELTA);
/* Readout/Slice Cross-terms */
brs[i] = bval2(gdiff*roarr[i],gdiff*slarr[i],tdelta,tDELTA);
brs[i] += bval_cross(gdiff*roarr[i],tdelta,tDELTA,gcrush,dcrush,Dcrush);
brs[i] += bval_cross(gdiff*roarr[i],tdelta,tDELTA,ss2_grad.ssamp,dgss2,Dgss2);
/* Readout/Phase Cross-terms */
brp[i] = bval2(gdiff*roarr[i],gdiff*pearr[i],tdelta,tDELTA);
/* Slice/Phase Cross-terms */
bsp[i] = bval2(gdiff*slarr[i],gdiff*pearr[i],tdelta,tDELTA);
bsp[i] += bval_cross(gdiff*pearr[i],tdelta,tDELTA,gcrush,dcrush,Dcrush);
bsp[i] += bval_cross(gdiff*pearr[i],tdelta,tDELTA,ss2_grad.ssamp,dgss2,Dgss2);
btrace[i] = (bro[i]+bsl[i]+bpe[i]);
if (max_bval < btrace[i]) {
max_bval = (bro[i]+bsl[i]+bpe[i]);
}
} /* End for-all-directions */
putarray("bvalrr",bro,nbval);
putarray("bvalpp",bpe,nbval);
putarray("bvalss",bsl,nbval);
putarray("bvalrp",brp,nbval);
putarray("bvalrs",brs,nbval);
putarray("bvalsp",bsp,nbval);
putarray("bvalue",btrace,nbval);
putvalue("max_bval",max_bval);
/* Generate phase-ramped pulses: 90, 180, and IR */
offsetlist(pss,ss_grad.ssamp,0,freq90,ns,seqcon[1]);
shape90 = shapelist(p1pat,ss_grad.rfDuration,freq90,ns,0,seqcon[1]);
offsetlist(pss,ss2_grad.ssamp,0,freq180,ns,seqcon[1]);
shape180 = shapelist(p2pat,ss2_grad.rfDuration,freq180,ns,0,seqcon[1]);
if (ir[0] == 'y') {
offsetlist(pss,ssi_grad.ssamp,0,freqIR,ns,seqcon[1]);
shapeIR = shapelist(pipat,ssi_grad.rfDuration,freqIR,ns,0,seqcon[1]);
}
/* Set pe_steps for profile or full image **********/
pe_steps = prep_profile(profile[0],nv,&pe_grad,&null_grad);
initval(pe_steps/2.0,vpe_offset);
sgl_error_check(sglerror);
/* Return parameters to VnmrJ */
putvalue("rgss",ss_grad.tramp); //90 slice ramp
if (ss2_grad.enableButterfly) { //180 slice ramps
putvalue("rcrush",ss2_grad.crusher1RampToCrusherDuration);
putvalue("rgss2",ss2_grad.crusher1RampToSsDuration);
}
else {
putvalue("rgss2",ss2_grad.tramp);
}
if (ro_grad.enableButterfly) {
putvalue("rgro",ro_grad.crusher1RampToSsDuration);
}
else {
putvalue("rgro",ro_grad.tramp); //RO ramp
}
putvalue("tror",ror_grad.duration); //ROR duration
putvalue("rgror",ror_grad.tramp); //ROR ramp
putvalue("gpe",pe_grad.peamp); //PE max amp
putvalue("gss",ss_grad.ssamp);
putvalue("gro",ro_grad.roamp);
g_setExpTime(tr*(nt*pe_steps*arraydim + ssc));
/* PULSE SEQUENCE *************************************/
rotate();
obsoffset(resto);
roff = -poffset(pro,ro_grad.roamp);
delay(4e-6);
/* Begin phase-encode loop ****************************/
peloop(seqcon[2],pe_steps,vpe_steps,vpe_ctr);
/* Read external kspace table if set ******************/
if (table)
getelem(t1,vpe_ctr,vpe_index);
else
sub(vpe_ctr,vpe_offset,vpe_index);
settable(t2,2,ph180); // initialize phase tables and variables
getelem(t2,vpe_ctr,vph180);
add(oph,vph180,vph180); // 180 deg pulse phase alternates +/- 90 from receiver
mod2(ct,vph2);
dbl(vph2,vph2);
add(vph180,vph2,vph180); // Alternate phase for 180 on odd transients
/* Begin multislice loop ******************************/
msloop(seqcon[1],ns,vms_slices,vms_ctr);
if (ticks) {
xgate(ticks);
grad_advance(gpropdelay);
}
/* TTL scope trigger **********************************/
sp1on(); delay(5e-6); sp1off();
/* Prepulses ******************************************/
if (sat[0] == 'y') satbands();
if (fsat[0] == 'y') fatsat();
if (mt[0] == 'y') mtc();
/* Optional IR pulse **********************************/
if (ir[0] == 'y') {
obspower(ir_rf.powerCoarse);
obspwrf(ir_rf.powerFine);
delay(4e-6);
obl_shapedgradient(ssi_grad.name,ssi_grad.duration,0,0,ssi_grad.amp,NOWAIT);
delay(ssi_grad.rfDelayFront);
shapedpulselist(shapeIR,ssi_grad.rfDuration,oph,rof1,rof2,seqcon[1],vms_ctr);
delay(ssi_grad.rfDelayBack);
delay(ti_delay);
}
/* Slice select RF pulse ******************************/
obspower(p1_rf.powerCoarse);
obspwrf(p1_rf.powerFine);
delay(4e-6);
obl_shapedgradient(ss_grad.name,ss_grad.duration,0,0,ss_grad.amp,NOWAIT);
delay(ss_grad.rfDelayFront);
shapedpulselist(shape90,ss_grad.rfDuration,oph,rof1,rof2,seqcon[1],vms_ctr);
delay(ss_grad.rfDelayBack);
/* Phase encode, refocus, and dephase gradient ********/
pe_shapedgradient(pe_grad.name,pe_grad.duration,0,0,-ssr_grad.amp,
pe_grad.increment,vpe_index,WAIT);
delay(del1); // delay to start of first diffusion gradient
if (diff[0] == 'y') {
obl_shapedgradient(diff_grad.name,diff_grad.duration,
diff_grad.amp*dro,diff_grad.amp*dpe,diff_grad.amp*dsl,WAIT);
}
delay(del2); // delay from end of diffusion to slice refocusing
/* Refocusing RF pulse ********************************/
obspower(p2_rf.powerCoarse);
obspwrf(p2_rf.powerFine);
delay(4e-6);
obl_shapedgradient(ss2_grad.name,ss2_grad.duration,0,0,ss2_grad.amp,NOWAIT);
delay(ss2_grad.rfDelayFront);
shapedpulselist(shape180,ss2_grad.rfDuration,vph180,rof2,rof2,seqcon[1],vms_ctr);
delay(ss2_grad.rfDelayBack);
delay(del3); // delay from slice refocusing to second diffusion gradient
if (diff[0] == 'y') {
obl_shapedgradient(diff_grad.name,diff_grad.duration,
diff_grad.amp*dro,diff_grad.amp*dpe,diff_grad.amp*dsl,WAIT);
}
delay(del4); // delay from end of diffusion gradient to readout event
/* Readout gradient and acquisition ********************/
roff = -poffset(pro,ro_grad.roamp);
obl_shapedgradient(ror_grad.name,ror_grad.duration,-ror_grad.amp,0,0,WAIT);
obl_shapedgradient(ro_grad.name,ro_grad.duration,ro_grad.amp,0,0,NOWAIT);
delay(ro_grad.atDelayFront);
startacq(alfa);
acquire(np,1.0/sw);
delay(ro_grad.atDelayBack);
endacq();
/* Rewind Phase encoding ******************************/
pe_shapedgradient(pe_grad.name,pe_grad.duration,0,0,0,
pe_grad.increment,vpe_index,WAIT);
if (navigator[0] == 'y') {
roff = -poffset(pro,-ro_grad.roamp);
obl_shapedgradient(ro_grad.name,ro_grad.duration,-ro_grad.amp,0,0,NOWAIT);
delay(ro_grad.atDelayFront);
startacq(alfa);
acquire(np,1.0/sw);
delay(ro_grad.atDelayBack);
endacq();
}
/* Relaxation delay ***********************************/
delay(tr_delay);
endmsloop(seqcon[1],vms_ctr);
endpeloop(seqcon[2],vpe_ctr);
}
pulsesequence()
{
/* Internal variable declarations *************************/
double freqEx[MAXNSLICE], freqIR[MAXNSLICE];
double pe_steps,pespoil_amp;
double perTime, seqtime, tau1, tauIR=0, te_delay, tr_delay, ti_delay=0;
int table, shapeEx, shapeIR=0;
char spoilflag[MAXSTR],per_name[MAXSTR];
/* Real-time variables used in this sequence **************/
int vpe_steps = v1; // Number of PE steps
int vpe_ctr = v2; // PE loop counter
int vms_slices = v3; // Number of slices
int vms_ctr = v4; // Slice loop counter
int vpe_offset = v5; // PE/2 for non-table offset
int vpe_mult = v6; // PE multiplier, ranges from -PE/2 to PE/2
int vper_mult = v7; // PE rewinder multiplier; turn off rewinder when 0
int vssc = v8; // Compressed steady-states
int vacquire = v9; // Argument for setacqvar, to skip steady state acquires
int vrfspoil_ctr = v10; // RF spoil counter
int vrfspoil = v11; // RF spoil multiplier
int vtrimage = v12; // Counts down from nt, trimage delay when 0
/* Initialize paramaters **********************************/
get_parameters();
get_ovsparameters();
getstr("spoilflag",spoilflag);
/* Check for external PE table ***************************/
table = 0;
if (strcmp(petable,"n") && strcmp(petable,"N") && strcmp(petable,"")) {
loadtable(petable);
table = 1;
}
/* Set Rcvr/Xmtr phase increments for RF Spoiling ********/
/* Ref: Zur, Y., Magn. Res. Med., 21, 251, (1991) *******/
if (rfspoil[0] == 'y') {
rcvrstepsize(rfphase);
obsstepsize(rfphase);
}
/* Initialize gradient structures *************************/
init_rf(&p1_rf,p1pat,p1,flip1,rof1,rof2 ); // excitation pulse
init_slice(&ss_grad,"ss",thk); // slice select gradient
init_slice_refocus(&ssr_grad,"ssr"); // slice refocus gradient
init_readout(&ro_grad,"ro",lro,np,sw); // readout gradient
init_readout_refocus(&ror_grad,"ror"); // dephase gradient
init_phase(&pe_grad,"pe",lpe,nv); // phase encode gradient
init_phase(&per_grad,"per",lpe,nv); // phase encode gradient
init_generic(&spoil_grad,"spoil",gspoil,tspoil); // spoiler gradient
/* RF Calculations ****************************************/
calc_rf(&p1_rf,"tpwr1","tpwr1f");
/* Gradient calculations **********************************/
calc_slice(&ss_grad,&p1_rf,WRITE,"gss");
calc_slice_refocus(&ssr_grad, &ss_grad, NOWRITE,"gssr");
calc_readout(&ro_grad, WRITE, "gro","sw","at");
calc_readout_refocus(&ror_grad, &ro_grad, NOWRITE, "gror");
calc_phase(&pe_grad, NOWRITE, "gpe","tpe");
/* Equalize refocus and PE gradient durations *************/
calc_sim_gradient(&ror_grad, &pe_grad, &ssr_grad,tpemin, WRITE);
/* Calculate phase-rewind & spoiler gradients *************/
pespoil_amp = 0.0;
perTime = 0.0;
if ((perewind[0] == 'y') && (spoilflag[0] == 'n')) { // Rewinder, no spoiler
calc_phase(&per_grad,WRITE,"","");
strcpy(per_name,per_grad.name);
perTime = per_grad.duration;
spoil_grad.amp = 0.0;
}
else if ((perewind[0] == 'n') && (spoilflag[0] == 'y')) { // Spoiler, no rewinder
calc_generic(&spoil_grad,WRITE,"","");
strcpy(per_name,spoil_grad.name);
perTime = spoil_grad.duration;
pespoil_amp = spoil_grad.amp; // Apply spoiler on PE axis if no rewinder
}
else if ((perewind[0] == 'y') && (spoilflag[0] == 'y')) { // Rewinder and spoiler
calc_phase(&per_grad,NOWRITE,"","");
calc_generic(&spoil_grad,NOWRITE,"","");
calc_sim_gradient(&per_grad,&spoil_grad,&null_grad,0.0,WRITE);
strcpy(per_name,per_grad.name);
perTime = per_grad.duration;
}
/* Create optional prepulse events ************************/
if (sat[0] == 'y') create_satbands();
if (fsat[0] == 'y') create_fatsat();
if (mt[0] == 'y') create_mtc();
if (ovs[0] == 'y') {
/* Must set up a few voxel specific parameters for create_ovsbands() to function */
vox1_grad.thickness = vox1;
vox2_grad.thickness = vox2;
vox3_grad.thickness = vox3;
vox1_grad.rfBandwidth = vox2_grad.rfBandwidth = vox3_grad.rfBandwidth = p1_rf.bandwidth;
create_ovsbands();
}
if (ir[0] == 'y') {
init_rf(&ir_rf,pipat,pi,flipir,rof2,rof2);
calc_rf(&ir_rf,"tpwri","tpwrif");
init_slice_butterfly(&ssi_grad,"ssi",thk,gcrush,tcrush);
calc_slice(&ssi_grad,&ir_rf,WRITE,"gssi");
tauIR = ss_grad.duration - ss_grad.rfCenterBack; // Duration of ss_grad before RF center
ti_delay = ti - (ssi_grad.rfCenterFront + tauIR);
if (ti_delay < 0) {
abort_message("TI too short, Minimum TI = %.2fms\n",(ti-ti_delay)*1000);
}
irTime = 4e-6 + ti + ssi_grad.duration - ssi_grad.rfCenterBack; // Time to add to TR
}
/* Check that all Gradient calculations are ok ************/
sgl_error_check(sglerror);
/* Min TE ******************************************/
tau1 = ss_grad.rfCenterBack + pe_grad.duration + alfa + ro_grad.timeToEcho;
temin = tau1 + 4e-6; /* ensure that te_delay is at least 4us */
if (minte[0] == 'y') {
te = temin;
putvalue("te",te);
}
if (te < temin) {
abort_message("TE too short. Minimum TE= %.2fms\n",temin*1000+0.005);
}
te_delay = te - tau1;
/* Min TR ******************************************/
seqtime = ss_grad.duration + te_delay + pe_grad.duration
+ ro_grad.duration + perTime + tep + alfa;
/* Increase TR if any options are selected ****************/
if (sat[0] == 'y') seqtime += satTime;
if (fsat[0] == 'y') seqtime += fsatTime;
if (mt[0] == 'y') seqtime += mtTime;
if (ovs[0] == 'y') seqtime += ovsTime;
if (ir[0] == 'y') {
seqtime += irTime;
seqtime -= tauIR; /* subtract out ss_grad which was already included in TR */
}
trmin = seqtime + 4e-6; /* ensure that tr_delay is at least 4us */
trmin *= ns;
if (mintr[0] == 'y') {
tr = trmin;
putvalue("tr",tr);
}
if (tr < trmin) {
abort_message("TR too short. Minimum TR= %.2fms\n",trmin*1000+0.005);
}
tr_delay = (tr - seqtime*ns)/ns;
/* Set up frequency offset pulse shape list ********/
offsetlist(pss,ss_grad.ssamp,0,freqEx,ns,seqcon[1]);
shapeEx = shapelist(p1pat,ss_grad.rfDuration,freqEx,ns,0,seqcon[1]);
if (ir[0] == 'y') {
offsetlist(pss,ssi_grad.ssamp,0,freqIR,ns,seqcon[1]);
shapeIR = shapelist(pipat,ssi_grad.rfDuration,freqIR,ns,0,seqcon[1]);
}
/* Set pe_steps for profile or full image **********/
pe_steps = prep_profile(profile[0],nv,&pe_grad,&per_grad);
initval(pe_steps/2.0,vpe_offset);
/* Shift DDR for pro *******************************/
roff = -poffset(pro,ro_grad.roamp);
g_setExpTime(tr*(nt*pe_steps*arraydim + ssc));
/* PULSE SEQUENCE *************************************/
status(A);
rotate();
obsoffset(resto);
delay(4e-6);
initval(fabs(ssc),vssc); // Compressed steady-state counter
assign(zero,vrfspoil_ctr); // RF spoil phase counter
assign(zero,vrfspoil); // RF spoil multiplier
assign(one,vacquire); // real-time acquire flag
setacqvar(vacquire); // Turn on acquire when vacquire is zero
/* Delay all channels except gradient *****************/
sub(ssval,ssctr,v30);
add(v30,ct,v30);
if (ix == 1) { ifzero(v30); grad_advance(tep); endif(v30); }
/* Begin phase-encode loop ****************************/
peloop(seqcon[2],pe_steps,vpe_steps,vpe_ctr);
/* Compressed steady-states: 1st array & transient, all arrays if ssc is negative */
if ((ix > 1) && (ssc > 0))
assign(zero,vssc);
sub(vpe_ctr,vssc,vpe_ctr); // vpe_ctr counts up from -ssc
assign(zero,vssc);
if (seqcon[2] == 's')
assign(zero,vacquire); // Always acquire for non-compressed loop
else {
ifzero(vpe_ctr);
assign(zero,vacquire); // Start acquiring when vpe_ctr reaches zero
endif(vpe_ctr);
}
/* Set rcvr/xmtr phase for RF spoiling *******************/
if (rfspoil[0] == 'y') {
incr(vrfspoil_ctr); // vrfspoil_ctr = 1 2 3 4 5 6
add(vrfspoil,vrfspoil_ctr,vrfspoil); // vrfspoil = 1 3 6 10 15 21
xmtrphase(vrfspoil);
rcvrphase(vrfspoil);
}
/* Read external kspace table if set ******************/
if (table)
getelem(t1,vpe_ctr,vpe_mult);
else {
ifzero(vacquire);
sub(vpe_ctr,vpe_offset,vpe_mult);
elsenz(vacquire);
sub(zero,vpe_offset,vpe_mult); // Hold PE mult at initial value for steady states
endif(vacquire);
}
/* PE rewinder follows PE table; zero if turned off ***/
if (perewind[0] == 'y')
assign(vpe_mult,vper_mult);
else
assign(zero,vper_mult);
/* Begin multislice loop ******************************/
msloop(seqcon[1],ns,vms_slices,vms_ctr);
triggerSelect(trigger); // Selectable trigger input
delay(4e-6);
if (ticks) {
xgate(ticks);
grad_advance(tep); // Gradient propagation delay
}
/* TTL scope trigger **********************************/
sp1on(); delay(4e-6); sp1off();
/* Prepulse options ***********************************/
if (sat[0] == 'y') satbands();
if (fsat[0] == 'y') fatsat();
if (mt[0] == 'y') mtc();
if (ovs[0] == 'y') {ovsbands(); rotate();}
/* Optional IR pulse **********************************/
if (ir[0] == 'y') {
obspower(ir_rf.powerCoarse);
obspwrf(ir_rf.powerFine);
delay(4e-6);
obl_shapedgradient(ssi_grad.name,ssi_grad.duration,0,0,ssi_grad.amp,NOWAIT);
delay(ssi_grad.rfDelayFront);
shapedpulselist(shapeIR,ssi_grad.rfDuration,oph,rof2,rof2,seqcon[1],vms_ctr);
delay(ssi_grad.rfDelayBack);
delay(ti_delay);
}
/* Slice select RF pulse ******************************/
obspower(p1_rf.powerCoarse);
obspwrf(p1_rf.powerFine);
delay(4e-6);
obl_shapedgradient(ss_grad.name,ss_grad.duration,0,0,ss_grad.amp,NOWAIT);
delay(ss_grad.rfDelayFront);
shapedpulselist(shapeEx,ss_grad.rfDuration,oph,rof1,rof2,seqcon[1],vms_ctr);
delay(ss_grad.rfDelayBack);
/* Phase encode, refocus, and dephase gradient ********/
pe_shapedgradient(pe_grad.name,pe_grad.duration,-ror_grad.amp,0,-ssr_grad.amp,
-pe_grad.increment,vpe_mult,WAIT);
/* TE delay *******************************************/
delay(te_delay);
/* Readout gradient and acquisition ********************/
obl_shapedgradient(ro_grad.name,ro_grad.duration,ro_grad.amp,0,0,NOWAIT);
delay(ro_grad.atDelayFront);
startacq(alfa);
acquire(np,1.0/sw);
delay(ro_grad.atDelayBack);
endacq();
/* Rewind / spoiler gradient *********************************/
if ((perewind[0] == 'y') || (spoilflag[0] == 'y')) {
pe_shapedgradient(per_name,perTime,spoil_grad.amp,pespoil_amp,spoil_grad.amp,
per_grad.increment,vper_mult,WAIT);
}
/* Relaxation delay ***********************************/
if (!trtype)
delay(tr_delay);
endmsloop(seqcon[1],vms_ctr);
if (trtype)
delay(ns*tr_delay);
endpeloop(seqcon[2],vpe_ctr);
/* Inter-image delay **********************************/
sub(ntrt,ct,vtrimage);
decr(vtrimage);
ifzero(vtrimage);
delay(trimage);
endif(vtrimage);
}
pulsesequence() {
/* Internal variable declarations *********************/
double freq90[MAXNSLICE],freq180[MAXNSLICE];
int shape90,shape180;
double minTE, te_delay1, te_delay2, minTR, tr_delay;
double tref, te1, te2;
int tpwr1f, tpwr2f;
/* Real-time variables ****************************/
int vms_slices = v1;
int vms_ctr = v2;
/* Initialize parameters *************************/
init_mri();
tpwr1f = (int) getval("tpwr1f");
tpwr2f = (int) getval("tpwr2f");
if ((nv > 0) && (profile[0] == 'n'))
abort_message("Sorry, this sequence only acquires a profile, check the profile flag");
/* Read RF shape but don't calculate powers *******/
init_rf(&p1_rf,p1pat,p1,-1,rof1,rof2);
calc_rf(&p1_rf,"","");
init_rf(&p2_rf,p2pat,p2,-1,rof1,rof1);
calc_rf(&p2_rf,"","");
/* Gradient Calculations **************************/
init_slice(&ss_grad,"gss",thk);
calc_slice(&ss_grad,&p1_rf,WRITE,"gss");
init_slice_refocus(&ssr_grad, "ssr");
calc_slice_refocus(&ssr_grad, &ss_grad, NOWRITE,"gssr");
init_slice_butterfly(&ss2_grad,"gss2",thk,gcrush,tcrush);
calc_slice(&ss2_grad,&p2_rf,WRITE,"gss");
init_readout(&ro_grad,"ro",lro,np,sw);
calc_readout(&ro_grad, WRITE, "gro","sw","at");
init_readout_refocus(&ror_grad,"ror");
calc_readout_refocus(&ror_grad, &ro_grad, NOWRITE, "gror");
/* Equalize Refocus Gradients ********************/
tref = calc_sim_gradient(&ror_grad, &ssr_grad, &null_grad, 0, WRITE);
/* Min TE ******************************************/
te1 = ss_grad.rfCenterBack + tref + 4e-6 + ss2_grad.rfCenterFront;
te2 = ss2_grad.rfCenterBack + alfa + ro_grad.timeToEcho;
minTE = 2*(te1 > te2 ? te1 : te2) + 2*4e-6;
if (minte[0] == 'y') {
te = minTE;
putvalue("te",ceil(te*1e6)*1e-6); /* round up to nearest us */
}
if (te < minTE) {
abort_message("TE too short. Minimum TE= %.2fms\n",minTE*1000);
}
te_delay1 = te/2 - te1;
te_delay2 = te/2 - te2;
/* Min TR ******************************************/
minTR = (GDELAY + ss_grad.rfCenterFront + te + ro_grad.timeFromEcho) * ns;
if (mintr[0] == 'y') {
tr = minTR + 4e-6;
putvalue("tr",tr);
}
if (tr < minTR + 4e-6) {
abort_message("TR too short. Minimum TR= %.2fms\n",(minTR + 4e-6)*1000);
}
tr_delay = (tr - minTR)/ns;
if (sglerror)
abort_message("Sequence has error(s) and will not execute - See error message(s)!\n");
offsetlist(pss,ss_grad.ssamp,0,freq90,ns,seqcon[1]);
offsetlist(pss,ss2_grad.ssamp,0,freq180,ns,seqcon[1]);
shape90 = shapelist(p1pat,ss_grad.rfDuration,freq90,ns,0,seqcon[1]);
shape180 = shapelist(p2pat,ss2_grad.rfDuration,freq180,ns,0,seqcon[1]);
/* PULSE SEQUENCE *************************************/
settable(t1,4,phr);
getelem(t1,ct,oph); /* receiver phase */
rotate();
obsoffset(resto);
delay(GDELAY);
/* Begin multislice loop ******************************/
msloop(seqcon[1],ns,vms_slices,vms_ctr);
if (ticks) {
xgate(ticks);
grad_advance(gpropdelay);
delay(4e-6);
}
/* RF pulse *******************************************/
obspower(tpwr1);
obspwrf(tpwr1f);
delay(GDELAY);
obl_shapedgradient(ss_grad.name,ss_grad.duration,0,0,ss_grad.amp,NOWAIT);
delay(ss_grad.rfDelayFront);
shapedpulselist(shape90,ss_grad.rfDuration,oph,rof1,rof2,seqcon[1],vms_ctr);
delay(ss_grad.rfDelayBack);
/* Refocusing gradients ******************/
obl_shaped3gradient(ror_grad.name,"",ssr_grad.name,
ssr_grad.duration,
ror_grad.amp,0,-ssr_grad.amp,WAIT);
delay(te_delay1);
/* RF pulse *******************************************/
obspower(tpwr2);
obspwrf(tpwr2f);
delay(GDELAY);
obl_shapedgradient(ss2_grad.name,ss2_grad.duration,0,0,ss2_grad.amp,NOWAIT);
delay(ss2_grad.rfDelayFront);
shapedpulselist(shape90,ss_grad.rfDuration,oph,rof1,rof1,seqcon[1],vms_ctr);
delay(ss2_grad.rfDelayBack);
delay(te_delay2);
/* Readout gradient and acquisition ********************/
obl_shapedgradient(ro_grad.name,ro_grad.duration,ro_grad.amp,0,0,NOWAIT);
delay(ro_grad.atDelayFront);
startacq(alfa);
acquire(np,1.0/sw);
endacq();
delay(ro_grad.atDelayBack);
delay(tr_delay);
endmsloop(seqcon[1],vms_ctr);
}
pulsesequence()
{
/* Internal variable declarations *************************/
double freqEx[MAXNSLICE];
double pespoil_amp,spoilMoment,maxgradtime,pe2_offsetamp=0.0,nvblock;
double tetime,te_delay,tr_delay,perTime;
int table=0,shapeEx=0,sepSliceRephase=0,image,blocknvs;
char spoilflag[MAXSTR],perName[MAXSTR],slab[MAXSTR];
/* Real-time variables used in this sequence **************/
int vpe_steps = v1; // Number of PE steps
int vpe_ctr = v2; // PE loop counter
int vpe_offset = v3; // PE/2 for non-table offset
int vpe_mult = v4; // PE multiplier, ranges from -PE/2 to PE/2
int vper_mult = v5; // PE rewinder multiplier; turn off rewinder when 0
int vpe2_steps = v6; // Number of PE2 steps
int vpe2_ctr = v7; // PE2 loop counter
int vpe2_mult = v8; // PE2 multiplier
int vpe2_offset = v9; // PE2/2 for non-table offset
int vpe2r_mult = v10; // PE2 rewinder multiplier
int vtrigblock = v11; // Number of PE steps per trigger block
int vpe = v12; // Current PE step out of total PE*PE2 steps
/* Initialize paramaters *********************************/
init_mri();
getstr("spoilflag",spoilflag);
getstr("slab",slab);
image = getval("image");
blocknvs = (int)getval("blocknvs");
nvblock = getval("nvblock");
if (!blocknvs) nvblock=1; // If blocked PEs for trigger not selected nvblock=1
trmin = 0.0;
temin = 0.0;
/* Check for external PE table ***************************/
if (strcmp(petable,"n") && strcmp(petable,"N") && strcmp(petable,"")) {
loadtable(petable);
table = 1;
}
if (ns > 1) abort_message("No of slices must be set to one");
/* RF Calculations ****************************************/
init_rf(&p1_rf,p1pat,p1,flip1,rof1,rof2); /* hard pulse */
init_rf(&p2_rf,p2pat,p2,flip2,rof1,rof2); /* soft pulse */
calc_rf(&p1_rf,"tpwr1","tpwr1f");
calc_rf(&p2_rf,"tpwr2","tpwr2f");
/* Gradient calculations **********************************/
if (slab[0] == 'y') {
init_slice(&ss_grad,"ss",thk);
init_slice_refocus(&ssr_grad,"ssr");
calc_slice(&ss_grad,&p2_rf,WRITE,"gss");
calc_slice_refocus(&ssr_grad,&ss_grad,WRITE,"gssr");
}
if (FP_GT(tcrushro,0.0))
init_readout_butterfly(&ro_grad,"ro",lro,np,sw,gcrushro,tcrushro);
else
init_readout(&ro_grad,"ro",lro,np,sw);
init_readout_refocus(&ror_grad,"ror");
calc_readout(&ro_grad,WRITE,"gro","sw","at");
ro_grad.m0ref *= grof;
calc_readout_refocus(&ror_grad,&ro_grad,NOWRITE,"gror");
init_phase(&pe_grad,"pe",lpe,nv);
init_phase(&pe2_grad,"pe2",lpe2,nv2);
calc_phase(&pe_grad,NOWRITE,"gpe","tpe");
if (!blocknvs) nvblock=1;
calc_phase(&pe2_grad,NOWRITE,"gpe2","");
if (spoilflag[0] == 'y') { // Calculate spoil grad if spoiling is turned on
init_dephase(&spoil_grad,"spoil"); // Optimized spoiler
spoilMoment = ro_grad.acqTime*ro_grad.roamp; // Optimal spoiling is at*gro for 2pi per pixel
spoilMoment -= ro_grad.m0def; // Subtract partial spoiling from back half of readout
calc_dephase(&spoil_grad,WRITE,spoilMoment,"gspoil","tspoil");
}
/* Is TE long enough for separate slab refocus? ***********/
maxgradtime = MAX(ror_grad.duration,MAX(pe_grad.duration,pe2_grad.duration));
if (spoilflag[0] == 'y')
maxgradtime = MAX(maxgradtime,spoil_grad.duration);
tetime = maxgradtime + alfa + ro_grad.timeToEcho + 4e-6;
if (slab[0] == 'y') {
tetime += ss_grad.rfCenterBack + ssr_grad.duration;
if ((te >= tetime) && (minte[0] != 'y')) {
sepSliceRephase = 1; // Set flag for separate slice rephase
} else {
pe2_grad.areaOffset = ss_grad.m0ref; // Add slab refocus on pe2 axis
calc_phase(&pe2_grad,NOWRITE,"gpe2",""); // Recalculate pe2 to include slab refocus
}
}
/* Equalize refocus and PE gradient durations *************/
pespoil_amp = 0.0;
perTime = 0.0;
if ((perewind[0] == 'y') && (spoilflag[0] == 'y')) { // All four must be single shape
if (ror_grad.duration > spoil_grad.duration) { // calc_sim first with ror
calc_sim_gradient(&pe_grad,&pe2_grad,&ror_grad,tpemin,WRITE);
calc_sim_gradient(&ror_grad,&spoil_grad,&null_grad,tpemin,NOWRITE);
} else { // calc_sim first with spoil
calc_sim_gradient(&pe_grad,&pe2_grad,&spoil_grad,tpemin,WRITE);
calc_sim_gradient(&ror_grad,&spoil_grad,&null_grad,tpemin,NOWRITE);
}
strcpy(perName,pe_grad.name);
perTime = pe_grad.duration;
putvalue("tspoil",perTime);
putvalue("gspoil",spoil_grad.amp);
} else { // post-acquire shape will be either pe or spoil, but not both
calc_sim_gradient(&ror_grad,&pe_grad,&pe2_grad,tpemin,WRITE);
if ((perewind[0] == 'y') && (spoilflag[0] == 'n')) { // Rewinder, no spoiler
strcpy(perName,pe_grad.name);
perTime = pe_grad.duration;
spoil_grad.amp = 0.0;
putvalue("tpe",perTime);
} else if ((perewind[0] == 'n') && (spoilflag[0] == 'y')) { // Spoiler, no rewinder
strcpy(perName,spoil_grad.name);
perTime = spoil_grad.duration;
pespoil_amp = spoil_grad.amp; // Apply spoiler on PE & PE2 axis if no rewinder
}
}
if (slab[0] == 'y') pe2_offsetamp = sepSliceRephase ? 0.0 : pe2_grad.offsetamp; // pe2 slab refocus
/* Create optional prepulse events ************************/
if (sat[0] == 'y') create_satbands();
if (fsat[0] == 'y') create_fatsat();
sgl_error_check(sglerror); // Check for any SGL errors
/* Min TE ******************************************/
tetime = pe_grad.duration + alfa + ro_grad.timeToEcho;
if (slab[0] == 'y') {
tetime += ss_grad.rfCenterBack;
tetime += (sepSliceRephase) ? ssr_grad.duration : 0.0; // Add slice refocusing if separate event
}
else if (ws[0] == 'y')
tetime += p2/2.0 + rof2; /* soft pulse */
else
tetime += p1/2.0 + rof2; /* hard pulse */
temin = tetime + 4e-6; // Ensure that te_delay is at least 4us
if (minte[0] == 'y') {
te = temin;
putvalue("te",te);
}
if (te < temin) {
abort_message("TE too short. Minimum TE= %.2fms\n",temin*1000+0.005);
}
te_delay = te - tetime;
/* Min TR ******************************************/
trmin = te_delay + pe_grad.duration + ro_grad.duration + perTime;
if (slab[0] == 'y') {
trmin += ss_grad.duration;
trmin += (sepSliceRephase) ? ssr_grad.duration : 0.0; // Add slice refocusing if separate event
}
else if (ws[0] == 'y')
trmin += p2 +rof1 + rof2; /* soft pulse */
else
trmin += p1 +rof1 + rof2; /* hard pulse */
trmin += 8e-6;
/* Increase TR if any options are selected *********/
if (sat[0] == 'y') trmin += satTime;
if (fsat[0] == 'y') trmin += fsatTime;
if (ticks > 0) trmin += 4e-6;
if (mintr[0] == 'y') {
tr = trmin;
putvalue("tr",tr);
}
if (FP_LT(tr,trmin)) {
abort_message("TR too short. Minimum TR = %.2fms\n",trmin*1000+0.005);
}
/* Calculate tr delay */
tr_delay = granularity(tr-trmin,GRADIENT_RES);
if(slab[0] == 'y') {
/* Generate phase-ramped pulses: 90 */
offsetlist(pss,ss_grad.ssamp,0,freqEx,ns,seqcon[1]);
shapeEx = shapelist(p1pat,ss_grad.rfDuration,freqEx,ns,ss_grad.rfFraction,seqcon[1]);
}
/* Set pe_steps for profile or full image **********/
pe_steps = prep_profile(profile[0],nv,&pe_grad,&null_grad);
F_initval(pe_steps/2.0,vpe_offset);
pe2_steps = prep_profile(profile[1],nv2,&pe2_grad,&null_grad);
F_initval(pe2_steps/2.0,vpe2_offset);
assign(zero,oph);
/* Shift DDR for pro *******************************/
roff = -poffset(pro,ro_grad.roamp);
/* Adjust experiment time for VnmrJ *******************/
g_setExpTime(tr*(nt*pe_steps*pe2_steps));
/* PULSE SEQUENCE *************************************/
status(A);
rotate();
triggerSelect(trigger); // Select trigger input 1/2/3
obsoffset(resto);
delay(4e-6);
/* trigger */
if (ticks > 0) F_initval((double)nvblock,vtrigblock);
/* Begin phase-encode loop ****************************/
peloop2(seqcon[3],pe2_steps,vpe2_steps,vpe2_ctr);
peloop(seqcon[2],pe_steps,vpe_steps,vpe_ctr);
delay(tr_delay); // relaxation delay
sub(vpe_ctr,vpe_offset,vpe_mult);
sub(vpe2_ctr,vpe2_offset,vpe2_mult);
mult(vpe2_ctr,vpe_steps,vpe);
add(vpe_ctr,vpe,vpe);
/* PE rewinder follows PE table; zero if turned off ***/
if (perewind[0] == 'y') {
assign(vpe_mult,vper_mult);
assign(vpe2_mult,vpe2r_mult);
}
else {
assign(zero,vper_mult);
assign(zero,vpe2r_mult);
}
if (ticks > 0) {
modn(vpe,vtrigblock,vtest);
ifzero(vtest); // if the beginning of an trigger block
xgate(ticks);
grad_advance(gpropdelay);
delay(4e-6);
elsenz(vtest);
delay(4e-6);
endif(vtest);
}
sp1on(); delay(4e-6); sp1off(); // Scope trigger
/* Prepulse options ***********************************/
if (sat[0] == 'y') satbands();
if (fsat[0] == 'y') fatsat();
if (slab[0] == 'y') {
obspower(p2_rf.powerCoarse);
obspwrf(p2_rf.powerFine);
delay(4e-6);
obl_shapedgradient(ss_grad.name,ss_grad.duration,0,0,ss_grad.amp,NOWAIT);
delay(ss_grad.rfDelayFront);
shapedpulselist(shapeEx,ss_grad.rfDuration,zero,rof1,rof2,seqcon[1],zero);
delay(ss_grad.rfDelayBack);
if (sepSliceRephase) {
obl_shapedgradient(ssr_grad.name,ssr_grad.duration,0,0,-ssr_grad.amp,WAIT);
delay(te_delay + tau); /* tau is current B0 encoding delay */
}
} else {
obspower(p1_rf.powerCoarse);
obspwrf(p1_rf.powerFine);
delay(4e-6);
if (ws[0] == 'y')
shapedpulse(p2pat,p2,zero,rof1,rof2); /* soft CS pulse */
else
shapedpulse(p1pat,p1,zero,rof1,rof2); /* hard pulse */
delay(te_delay + tau); /* tau is current B0 encoding delay */
}
pe2_shapedgradient(pe_grad.name,pe_grad.duration,-ror_grad.amp*image,0,-pe2_offsetamp,
-pe_grad.increment,-pe2_grad.increment,vpe_mult,vpe2_mult,WAIT);
if ((slab[0] == 'y') && !sepSliceRephase) delay(te_delay + tau); /* tau is current B0 encoding delay */
/* Readout gradient and acquisition ********************/
obl_shapedgradient(ro_grad.name,ro_grad.duration,ro_grad.amp*image,0,0,NOWAIT);
delay(ro_grad.atDelayFront);
startacq(alfa);
acquire(np,1.0/sw);
delay(ro_grad.atDelayBack);
endacq();
/* Rewind / spoiler gradient *********************************/
if (perewind[0] == 'y' || (spoilflag[0] == 'y')) {
pe2_shapedgradient(perName,perTime,spoil_grad.amp,pespoil_amp,pespoil_amp,
pe_grad.increment,pe2_grad.increment,vper_mult,vpe2r_mult,WAIT);
}
endpeloop(seqcon[2],vpe_ctr);
endpeloop(seqcon[3],vpe2_ctr);
}
pulsesequence() {
/* Acquisition variables */
double dw; /* nominal dwell time, = 1/sw */
double aqtm = getval("aqtm");
/* Delay variables */
double tref,
te_delay1, te_delay2, tr_delay, ti_delay,
del1, del2, del3, del4, del5, /* before and after diffusion gradients */
busy1, busy2, /* time spent on rf pulses etc. in TE periods */
seqtime, invTime;
int use_minte;
/* RF and receiver frequency variables */
double freq90[MAXNSLICE],freq180[MAXNSLICE],freqIR[MAXNSLICE]; /* frequencies for multi-slice */
int shape90=0, shape180=0, shapeIR=0; /* List ID for RF shapes */
double roff1, roff2, roffn; /* Receiver offsets when FOV is offset along readout */
/* Gradient amplitudes, may vary depending on "image" parameter */
double peramp, perinc, peamp, roamp, roramp;
/* diffusion variables */
#define MAXDIR 1024 /* Will anybody do more than 1024 directions or b-values? */
int diff_in_one = 0;
double tmp, tmp_ss2;
double roarr[MAXDIR], pearr[MAXDIR], slarr[MAXDIR];
int nbval, /* Total number of bvalues*directions */
nbro, nbpe, nbsl; /* bvalues*directions along RO, PE, and SL */
double bro[MAXDIR], bpe[MAXDIR], bsl[MAXDIR], /* b-values along RO, PE, SL */
brs[MAXDIR], brp[MAXDIR], bsp[MAXDIR], /* the cross-terms */
btrace[MAXDIR], /* and the trace */
max_bval=0,
dcrush, dgss2, /* "delta" for crusher and gss2 gradients */
Dro, Dcrush, Dgss2; /* "DELTA" for readout, crusher and gss2 gradients */
/* loop variable */
int i;
/* Real-time variables used in this sequence **************/
int vms_slices = v3; // Number of slices
int vms_ctr = v4; // Slice loop counter
int vnseg = v5; // Number of segments
int vnseg_ctr = v6; // Segment loop counter
int vetl = v7; // Number of choes in readout train
int vetl_ctr = v8; // etl loop counter
int vblip = v9; // Sign on blips in multi-shot experiment
int vssepi = v10; // Number of Gradient Steady States lobes
int vssepi_ctr = v11; // Steady State counter
int vacquire = v12; // Argument for setacqvar, to skip steady states
/******************************************************/
/* VARIABLE INITIALIZATIONS ***************************/
/******************************************************/
get_parameters();
euler_test();
if (tep < 0) { // adjust by reducing gpropdelay by that amount
gpropdelay += tep;
tep = 0;
}
setacqmode(WACQ|NZ); // Necessary for variable rate sampling
use_minte = (minte[0] == 'y');
/******************************************************/
/* CALCULATIONS ***************************************/
/******************************************************/
if (ix == 1) {
/* Calculate RF pulse */
init_rf(&p1_rf,p1pat,p1,flip1,rof1,rof2);
calc_rf(&p1_rf,"tpwr1","tpwr1f");
/* Calculate gradients: */
init_slice(&ss_grad,"ss",thk);
calc_slice(&ss_grad, &p1_rf,WRITE,"gss");
init_slice_refocus(&ssr_grad,"ssr");
calc_slice_refocus(&ssr_grad, &ss_grad, WRITE,"gssr");
if (spinecho[0] == 'y') {
init_rf(&p2_rf,p2pat,p2,flip2,rof1,rof1);
calc_rf(&p2_rf,"tpwr2","tpwr2f");
init_slice_butterfly(&ss2_grad,"ss2",thk,gcrush,tcrush);
calc_slice(&ss2_grad,&p2_rf,WRITE,"gss2");
}
else ss2_grad.duration = 0; /* used for diffusion calculations */
init_readout(&epiro_grad,"epiro",lro,np,sw);
init_readout_refocus(&ror_grad,"ror");
init_phase(&epipe_grad, "epipe",lpe,nv);
init_phase(&per_grad,"per",lpe,nv);
init_readout(&nav_grad,"nav",lro,np,sw);
init_epi(&epi_grad);
if (!strcmp(orient,"oblique")) {
if ((phi != 90) || (psi != 90) || (theta != 90)) {
/* oblique slice - this should take care of most cases */
epiro_grad.slewRate /= 3; /* = gmax/trise */
epipe_grad.slewRate /= 3;
}
}
calc_epi(&epi_grad,&epiro_grad,&epipe_grad,&ror_grad,&per_grad,&nav_grad,NOWRITE);
/* Make sure the slice refocus, readout refocus,
and phase dephaser fit in the same duration */
tref = calc_sim_gradient(&ror_grad, &per_grad, &null_grad, getval("tpe"), WRITE);
if (sgldisplay) displayEPI(&epi_grad);
/* calc_sim_gradient recalculates per_grad, so reset its
base amplitude for centric ordering or fractional k-space*/
switch(ky_order[0]) {
case 'l':
per_grad.amp *= (fract_ky/(epipe_grad.steps/2));
break;
case 'c':
per_grad.amp = (nseg/2-1)*per_grad.increment;
break;
}
if (ir[0] == 'y') {
init_rf(&ir_rf,pipat,pi,flipir,rof1,rof1);
calc_rf(&ir_rf,"tpwri","tpwrif");
init_slice_butterfly(&ssi_grad,"ssi",thk,gcrush,tcrush);
calc_slice(&ssi_grad,&ir_rf,WRITE,"gssi");
}
if (fsat[0] == 'y') {
create_fatsat();
}
if (diff[0] == 'y') {
init_generic(&diff_grad,"diff",gdiff,tdelta);
diff_grad.maxGrad = gmax;
calc_generic(&diff_grad,NOWRITE,"","");
/* adjust duration, so tdelta is from start ramp up to start ramp down */
if (ix == 1) {
diff_grad.duration += diff_grad.tramp;
calc_generic(&diff_grad,WRITE,"","");
}
}
/* Acquire top-down or bottom-up ? */
if (ky_order[1] == 'r') {
epipe_grad.amp *= -1;
per_grad.amp *= -1;
per_grad.increment *= -1;
}
} /* end gradient setup if ix == 1 */
/* Load table used to determine multi-shot direction */
settable(t2,(int) nseg,epi_grad.table2);
/* What is happening in the 2 TE/2 periods (except for diffusion)? */
busy1 = ss_grad.rfCenterBack + ssr_grad.duration;
busy2 = tep + nav_grad.duration*(epi_grad.center_echo + 0.5);
if (navigator[0] == 'y')
busy2 += (tep + nav_grad.duration + per_grad.duration);
/* How much extra time do we have in each TE/2 period? */
if (spinecho[0] == 'y') {
busy1 += (GDELAY + ss2_grad.rfCenterFront);
busy2 += ss2_grad.rfCenterBack;
temin = MAX(busy1,busy2)*2;
if (use_minte) te = temin;
te_delay1 = te/2 - busy1;
te_delay2 = te/2 - busy2;
if (temin > te) { /* Use min TE and try and catch further violations of min TE */
te_delay1 = temin/2 - busy1;
te_delay2 = temin/2 - busy2;
}
}
else { /* Gradient echo */
temin = (busy1 + busy2);
if (use_minte) te = temin;
te_delay1 = te - temin;
te_delay2 = 0;
if (temin > te) te_delay1 = 0;
}
/* Now fill in the diffusion delays:
del1 = between 90 and 1st diffusion gradient
del2 = after 1st diffusion gradient
del3 = before 2nd diffusion gradient when both in same TE/2 period
del4 = before 2nd diffusion gradient when in different TE/2 period
del5 = before acquisition
Ie, the order is:
90 - del1 - diff - del2 - (diff - del3) - 180 - (del4 - diff) - del5 - acq
where one and only one of the two options (diff - del3) or (del4 - diff) is used
*/
if (diff[0] == 'y') {
tmp_ss2 = GDELAY + ss2_grad.duration; /* ss2 grad + 4us delay */
del1 = del2 = del3 = del4 = del5 = 0;
if (tDELTA < (diff_grad.duration + tmp_ss2)) /* Minimum DELTA */
abort_message("ERROR %s: tDELTA is too short, minimum is %.2fms\n",
seqfil,(diff_grad.duration + tmp_ss2)*1000+0.005);
if (tDELTA + diff_grad.duration > te_delay1 + tmp_ss2 + te_delay2) {
if (!use_minte) {
abort_message("ERROR %s: Maximum tDELTA is %.2fms",
seqfil,te_delay1 + ss2_grad.duration + te_delay2 - diff_grad.duration);
}
else {
tmp = (tDELTA + diff_grad.duration) - (te_delay1 + tmp_ss2 + te_delay2);
if (spinecho[0] == 'y') {
te_delay1 += (tmp/2);
te_delay2 += (tmp/2);
}
else
te_delay1 += tmp;
temin += tmp;
}
}
if (spinecho[0] == 'y') {
if (te_delay1 >= (tDELTA + diff_grad.duration)) { /* Put them both in 1st TE/2 period, */
diff_in_one = (diff[0] == 'y'); /* no need to increase temin */
del2 = tDELTA - diff_grad.duration; /* time between diffusion gradients */
del3 = te_delay1 - (tDELTA+diff_grad.duration); /* time after diffusion gradients */
del5 = te_delay2; /* delay in second TE/2 period */
}
else { /* put them on each side of the 180 */
diff_in_one = 0;
busy1 += diff_grad.duration;
busy2 += diff_grad.duration;
temin = 2*MAX(busy1,busy2);
/* Optimally, the 2nd diff grad is right after the 180 */
del2 = tDELTA - diff_grad.duration - tmp_ss2; /* This is always > 0, or we would have aborted above */
del1 = te_delay1 - (diff_grad.duration + del2);
if (del1 < 0) {
del1 = 0; /* Place the 1st right after the 90 and push the 2nd out */
del4 = tDELTA - te_delay1 - ss2_grad.duration;
}
del5 = te_delay2 - (del4 + diff_grad.duration);
/* del5 could still be < 0, when te_delay2 < diff_grad.duration */
if (del5 < 0) {
del1 += fabs(del5); /* Increase each TE/2 period by abs(del5) */
del5 = 0;
}
}
}
else { /* gradient echo */
diff_in_one = (diff[0] == 'y');
del1 = 0;
del2 = tDELTA - diff_grad.duration; /* time between diffusion gradients */
del3 = 0;
del4 = 0;
if (!use_minte) /* user defined TE */
del5 = te_delay1 - (tDELTA + diff_grad.duration);
}
} /* End of Diffusion block */
else {
del1 = te_delay1;
del5 = te_delay2;
del2 = del3 = del4 = 0;
}
if (sgldisplay) {
text_message("busy1/2, temin = %f, %f, %f",busy1*1e3, busy2*1e3, temin*1e3);
text_message("te_delay1/2 = %f, %f",te_delay1*1e3, te_delay2*1e3);
text_message("delays 1-5: %.2f, %.2f, %.2f, %.2f, %.2fms\n",del1*1000,del2*1000,del3*1000,del4*1000,del5*1000);
}
/* Check if TE is long enough */
temin = ceil(temin*1e6)/1e6; /* round to nearest us */
if (use_minte) {
te = temin;
putvalue("te",te);
}
else if (temin > te) {
abort_message("TE too short, minimum is %.2f ms\n",temin*1000);
}
if (ir[0] == 'y') {
ti_delay = ti - (pi*ssi_grad.rfFraction + rof2 + ssi_grad.rfDelayBack)
- (ss_grad.rfDelayFront + rof1 + p1*(1-ss_grad.rfFraction));
if (ti_delay < 0) {
abort_message("TI too short, minimum is %.2f ms\n",(ti-ti_delay)*1000);
}
}
else ti_delay = 0;
invTime = GDELAY + ssi_grad.duration + ti_delay;
/* Minimum TR per slice, w/o options */
seqtime = GDELAY + ss_grad.rfCenterFront // Before TE
+ te
+ (epiro_grad.duration - nav_grad.duration*(epi_grad.center_echo+0.5)); // After TE
/* Add in time for options outside of TE */
if (ir[0] == 'y') seqtime += invTime;
if (fsat[0] == 'y') seqtime += fsatTime;
trmin = seqtime + 4e-6; /* ensure a minimum of 4us in tr_delay */
trmin *= ns;
if (tr - trmin < 0.0) {
abort_message("%s: Requested tr too short. Min tr = %.2f ms\n",
seqfil,ceil(trmin*100000)/100.00);
}
/* spread out multi-slice acquisition over total TR */
tr_delay = (tr - ns*seqtime)/ns;
/******************************************************/
/* Return gradient values to VnmrJ interface */
/******************************************************/
putvalue("etl",epi_grad.etl+2*ssepi);
putvalue("gro",epiro_grad.amp);
putvalue("rgro",epiro_grad.tramp);
putvalue("gror",ror_grad.amp);
putvalue("tror",ror_grad.duration);
putvalue("rgror",ror_grad.tramp);
putvalue("gpe",epipe_grad.amp);
putvalue("rgpe",epipe_grad.tramp);
putvalue("gped",per_grad.amp);
putvalue("tped",per_grad.duration);
putvalue("rgped",per_grad.tramp);
putvalue("gss",ss_grad.amp);
putvalue("gss2",ss2_grad.ssamp);
putvalue("rgss",ss_grad.tramp);
putvalue("gssr",ssr_grad.amp);
putvalue("tssr",ssr_grad.duration);
putvalue("rgssr",ssr_grad.tramp);
putvalue("rgss2",ss2_grad.crusher1RampToSsDuration);
putvalue("rgssi",ssi_grad.crusher1RampToSsDuration);
putvalue("rgcrush",ssi_grad.crusher1RampToCrusherDuration);
putvalue("at_full",epi_grad.duration);
putvalue("at_one",nav_grad.duration);
putvalue("rcrush",ss2_grad.crusher1RampToCrusherDuration);
putvalue("np_ramp",epi_grad.np_ramp);
putvalue("np_flat",epi_grad.np_flat);
if (diff[0] == 'y') { /* CALCULATE B VALUES */
/* Get multiplication factors and make sure they have same # elements */
/* All this is only necessary because putCmd only work for ix==1 */
nbro = (int) getarray("dro",roarr); nbval = nbro;
nbpe = (int) getarray("dpe",pearr); if (nbpe > nbval) nbval = nbpe;
nbsl = (int) getarray("dsl",slarr); if (nbsl > nbval) nbval = nbsl;
if ((nbro != nbval) && (nbro != 1))
abort_message("%s: Number of directions/b-values must be the same for all axes (readout)",seqfil);
if ((nbpe != nbval) && (nbpe != 1))
abort_message("%s: Number of directions/b-values must be the same for all axes (phase)",seqfil);
if ((nbsl != nbval) && (nbsl != 1))
abort_message("%s: Number of directions/b-values must be the same for all axes (slice)",seqfil);
if (nbro == 1) for (i = 1; i < nbval; i++) roarr[i] = roarr[0];
if (nbpe == 1) for (i = 1; i < nbval; i++) pearr[i] = pearr[0];
if (nbsl == 1) for (i = 1; i < nbval; i++) slarr[i] = slarr[0];
}
else {
nbval = 1;
roarr[0] = 0;
pearr[0] = 0;
slarr[0] = 0;
}
for (i = 0; i < nbval; i++) {
/* We need to worry about slice gradients & crushers for slice gradients */
/* Everything else is outside diffusion gradients, and thus constant */
/* for all b-values/directions */
/* Readout */
bro[i] = bval(gdiff*roarr[i],tdelta,tDELTA);
/* Phase */
bpe[i] = bval(gdiff*pearr[i],tdelta,tDELTA);
/* Slice */
dgss2 = p2/2; Dgss2 = dgss2;
dcrush = tcrush; Dcrush = dcrush + p2;
bsl[i] = bval(gdiff*slarr[i],tdelta,tDELTA);
if (spinecho[0] == 'y') {
bsl[i] += bval(ss2_grad.ssamp,dgss2,Dgss2);
bsl[i] += bval(gcrush,dcrush,Dcrush);
bsl[i] += bval_nested(gcrush,dcrush,Dcrush,ss2_grad.ssamp,dgss2,Dgss2);
}
if (!diff_in_one) {
bsl[i] += bval_nested(gdiff*slarr[i],tdelta,tDELTA,gcrush,dcrush,Dcrush);
bsl[i] += bval_nested(gdiff*slarr[i],tdelta,tDELTA,ss2_grad.ssamp,dgss2,Dgss2);
}
/* Readout/Slice Cross-terms */
brs[i] = bval2(gdiff*roarr[i],gdiff*slarr[i],tdelta,tDELTA);
if (spinecho[0] == 'y') {
brs[i] += bval_cross(gdiff*roarr[i],tdelta,tDELTA,gcrush,dcrush,Dcrush);
brs[i] += bval_cross(gdiff*roarr[i],tdelta,tDELTA,ss2_grad.ssamp,dgss2,Dgss2);
}
/* Readout/Phase Cross-terms */
brp[i] = bval2(gdiff*roarr[i],gdiff*pearr[i],tdelta,tDELTA);
/* Slice/Phase Cross-terms */
bsp[i] = bval2(gdiff*slarr[i],gdiff*pearr[i],tdelta,tDELTA);
bsp[i] += bval_cross(gdiff*pearr[i],tdelta,tDELTA,gcrush,dcrush,Dcrush);
bsp[i] += bval_cross(gdiff*pearr[i],tdelta,tDELTA,ss2_grad.ssamp,dgss2,Dgss2);
btrace[i] = (bro[i]+bsl[i]+bpe[i]);
if (max_bval < btrace[i]) {
max_bval = (bro[i]+bsl[i]+bpe[i]);
}
} /* End for-all-directions */
putarray("bvalrr",bro,nbval);
putarray("bvalpp",bpe,nbval);
putarray("bvalss",bsl,nbval);
putarray("bvalrp",brp,nbval);
putarray("bvalrs",brs,nbval);
putarray("bvalsp",bsp,nbval);
putarray("bvalue",btrace,nbval);
putvalue("max_bval",max_bval);
/* Set all gradients depending on whether we do */
/* Use separate variables, because we only initialize & calculate gradients for ix==1 */
peamp = epipe_grad.amp;
perinc = per_grad.increment;
peramp = per_grad.amp;
roamp = epiro_grad.amp;
roramp = ror_grad.amp;
switch ((int)image) {
case 1: /* Real image scan, don't change anything */
break;
case 0: /* Normal reference scan */
peamp = 0;
perinc = 0;
peramp = 0;
roamp = epiro_grad.amp;
roramp = ror_grad.amp;
break;
case -1: /* Inverted image scan */
roamp = -epiro_grad.amp;
roramp = -ror_grad.amp;
break;
case -2: /* Inverted reference scan */
peamp = 0;
perinc = 0;
peramp = 0;
roamp = -epiro_grad.amp;
roramp = -ror_grad.amp;
break;
default: break;
}
/* Generate phase-ramped pulses: 90, 180, and IR */
offsetlist(pss,ss_grad.ssamp,0,freq90,ns,seqcon[1]);
shape90 = shapelist(p1pat,ss_grad.rfDuration,freq90,ns,0,seqcon[1]);
if (spinecho[0] == 'y') {
offsetlist(pss,ss2_grad.ssamp,0,freq180,ns,seqcon[1]);
shape180 = shapelist(p2pat,ss2_grad.rfDuration,freq180,ns,0,seqcon[1]);
}
if (ir[0] == 'y') {
offsetlist(pss,ssi_grad.ssamp,0,freqIR,ns,seqcon[1]);
shapeIR = shapelist(pipat,ssi_grad.rfDuration,freqIR,ns,0,seqcon[1]);
}
sgl_error_check(sglerror);
roff1 = -poffset(pro,epi_grad.amppos);
roff2 = -poffset(pro,epi_grad.ampneg);
roffn = -poffset(pro,nav_grad.amp);
roff1 = -poffset(pro,epi_grad.amppos*roamp/epiro_grad.amp);
roff2 = -poffset(pro,epi_grad.ampneg*roamp/epiro_grad.amp);
roffn = -poffset(pro,nav_grad.amp);
dw = granularity(1/sw,1/epi_grad.ddrsr);
/* Total Scan Time */
g_setExpTime(tr*nt*nseg*arraydim);
/******************************************************/
/* PULSE SEQUENCE *************************************/
/******************************************************/
rotate();
F_initval(epi_grad.etl/2, vetl);
/* vetl is the loop counter in the acquisition loop */
/* that includes both a positive and negative readout lobe */
F_initval(nseg, vnseg);
/* NB. F_initval(-ssepi,vssepi); currently gives errors */
initval(-ssepi,vssepi); /* gradient steady state lobes */
obsoffset(resto); delay(GDELAY);
ifzero(rtonce); grad_advance(gpropdelay); endif(rtonce);
loop(vnseg,vnseg_ctr); /* Loop through segments in segmented EPI */
msloop(seqcon[1],ns,vms_slices,vms_ctr); /* Multislice loop */
assign(vssepi,vssepi_ctr);
sp1on(); delay(4e-6); sp1off(); /* Output trigger to look at scope */
if (ticks) {
xgate(ticks);
grad_advance(gpropdelay);
delay(4e-6);
}
getelem(t2,vnseg_ctr,vblip); /* vblip = t2[vnseg_ctr]; either 1 or -1 for pos/neg blip */
/* Optional FAT SAT */
if (fsat[0] == 'y') {
fatsat();
}
/* Optional IR + TI delay */
if (ir[0] == 'y') {
obspower(ir_rf.powerCoarse);
obspwrf(ir_rf.powerFine);
delay(GDELAY);
obl_shapedgradient(ssi_grad.name,ssi_grad.duration,0.0,0.0,ssi_grad.amp,NOWAIT);
delay(ssi_grad.rfDelayBack);
shapedpulselist(shapeIR,ssi_grad.rfDuration,oph,rof1,rof1,seqcon[1],vms_ctr);
delay(ssi_grad.rfDelayBack);
delay(ti_delay);
}
/* 90 ss degree pulse */
obspower(p1_rf.powerCoarse);
obspwrf(p1_rf.powerFine);
delay(GDELAY);
obl_shapedgradient(ss_grad.name,ss_grad.duration,0.0,0.0,ss_grad.amp,NOWAIT);
delay(ss_grad.rfDelayFront);
shapedpulselist(shape90,p1_rf.rfDuration,oph,rof1,rof2,seqcon[1],vms_ctr);
delay(ss_grad.rfDelayBack);
/* Slice refocus */
obl_shapedgradient(ssr_grad.name,ssr_grad.duration,0,0,-ssr_grad.amp,WAIT);
delay(del1);
if (diff[0] == 'y')
obl_shapedgradient(diff_grad.name,diff_grad.duration,
diff_grad.amp*dro,diff_grad.amp*dpe,diff_grad.amp*dsl,WAIT);
delay(del2);
if (diff_in_one)
obl_shapedgradient(diff_grad.name,diff_grad.duration,
-diff_grad.amp*dro,-diff_grad.amp*dpe,-diff_grad.amp*dsl,WAIT);
delay(del3);
/* Optional 180 ss degree pulse with crushers */
if (spinecho[0] == 'y') {
obspower(p2_rf.powerCoarse);
obspwrf(p2_rf.powerFine);
delay(GDELAY);
obl_shapedgradient(ss2_grad.name,ss2_grad.duration,0.0,0.0,ss2_grad.amp,NOWAIT);
delay(ss2_grad.rfDelayFront);
shapedpulselist(shape180,ss2_grad.rfDuration,oph,rof1,rof1,seqcon[1],vms_ctr);
delay(ss2_grad.rfDelayBack);
}
delay(del4);
if ((diff[0] == 'y') && !diff_in_one)
obl_shapedgradient(diff_grad.name,diff_grad.duration,
diff_grad.amp*dro,diff_grad.amp*dpe,diff_grad.amp*dsl,WAIT);
delay(del5);
/* Optional navigator echo */
if (navigator[0] == 'y') {
obl_shapedgradient(ror_grad.name,ror_grad.duration,roramp,0,0,WAIT);
obl_shapedgradient(nav_grad.name,nav_grad.duration,
-nav_grad.amp,0,0,NOWAIT);
delay(tep);
roff = roffn; /* Set receiver offset for navigator gradient */
delay(epi_grad.skip-alfa); /* ramp up */
startacq(alfa);
for(i=0;i<np/2;i++){
sample(dw);
delay((epi_grad.dwell[i] - dw));
}
sample(aqtm-at);
endacq();
delay(epi_grad.skip - dw - (aqtm-at));
/* Phase encode dephaser here if navigator echo was acquired */
var_shapedgradient(per_grad.name,per_grad.duration,0,-peramp,0,perinc,vnseg_ctr,WAIT);
}
else {
var_shapedgradient(per_grad.name,per_grad.duration,
-roramp,-peramp,0,perinc,vnseg_ctr,WAIT);
}
/* Start readout and phase encode gradient waveforms, NOWAIT */
/* If alternating ky-ordering, get polarity on blips from table */
var_shaped3gradient(epiro_grad.name,epipe_grad.name,"", /* patterns */
epiro_grad.duration, /* duration */
roamp,0,0, /* amplitudes */
peamp,vblip, /* step and multiplier */
NOWAIT); /* Don't wait */
delay(tep);
/* Acquisition loop */
assign(one,vacquire); // real-time acquire flag
nowait_loop(epi_grad.etl/2 + ssepi,vetl,vetl_ctr);
ifzero(vssepi_ctr); //vssepi_ctr = -ssepi, -ssepi+1, ..., 0, 1,2,...
assign(zero,vacquire); // turn on acquisition after all ss lobes
endif(vssepi_ctr);
incr(vssepi_ctr);
setacqvar(vacquire); // Set acquire flag
roff = roff1; /* Set receiver offset for positive gradient */
delay(epi_grad.skip-alfa); /* ramp up */
startacq(alfa);
for(i=0;i<np/2;i++){
sample(dw); //dw = 1/sw
delay((epi_grad.dwell[i] - dw));
}
if (aqtm > at) sample(aqtm-at);
endacq();
delay(epi_grad.skip - dw - (aqtm-at));
roff = roff2; /* Set receiver offset for negative gradient */
delay(epi_grad.skip-alfa);
startacq(alfa);
for(i=0;i<np/2;i++){
sample(dw);
delay((epi_grad.dwell[i] - dw));
}
if (aqtm > at) sample(aqtm-at);
endacq();
delay(epi_grad.skip - dw - (aqtm-at));
nowait_endloop(vetl_ctr);
delay(tr_delay);
endmsloop(seqcon[1],vms_ctr); /* end multislice loop */
endloop(vnseg_ctr); /* end segments loop */
} /* end pulsesequence */
void pulsesequence() {
/* Internal variable declarations *********************/
int shapelist90,shapelist180,shapelistte=0;
double kzero,thk2fact,thk3fact;
double te1=0.0,te1_delay,te2_delay,te3_delay,tr_delay,te_delay1=0.0,te_delay2=0.0;
double crushm0,pem0,gcrushr,gcrushp,gcrushs;
double freq90[MAXNSLICE],freq180[MAXNSLICE],freqte[MAXNSLICE];
char autocrush[MAXSTR];
/* Phase encode variables */
FILE *fp;
int tab[4096],petab[4096],odd,seg0,tabscheme;
char tabname[MAXSTR],tabfile[MAXSTR];
int i,j,k;
/* Diffusion variables */
double Gro,Gss; // "gdiff" for readout/readout refocus and slice/slice refocus
double dgro,Dgro; // delta and DELTA for readout dephase & readout
double dgss,Dgss; // delta and DELTA for excitation ss
double dgss3,Dgss3; // delta and DELTA for spin echo prep ss
double dcrush3,Dcrush3; // delta and DELTA for spin echo prep crusher
double dgss2,Dgss2; // delta and DELTA for refocus ss
double dcrush2,Dcrush2; // delta and DELTA for refocus crusher
/* Real-time variables used in this sequence **********/
int vpe_ctr = v2; // PE loop counter
int vpe_mult = v3; // PE multiplier, ranges from -PE/2 to PE/2
int vms_slices = v4; // Number of slices
int vms_ctr = v5; // Slice loop counter
int vseg = v6; // Number of ETL segments
int vseg_ctr = v7; // Segment counter
int vetl = v8; // Echo train length
int vetl_ctr = v9; // Echo train loop counter
int vpe2_steps = v10; // Number of PE2 steps
int vpe2_ctr = v11; // PE2 loop counter
int vpe2_mult = v12; // PE2 multiplier
int vpe2_offset = v13; // PE2/2 for non-table offset
int vssc = v14; // Compressed steady-states
int vtrimage = v15; // Counts down from nt, trimage delay when 0
int vacquire = v16; // Argument for setacqvar, to skip steady state acquires
int vphase180 = v17; // phase of 180 degree refocusing pulse
int vtrigblock = v18; // Number of slices per trigger block
/* Initialize paramaters ******************************/
init_mri();
kzero = getval("kzero");
getstr("autocrush",autocrush);
tabscheme = getval("tabscheme");
getstr("spoilflag",spoilflag);
/* Allow ROxPE2 projection ****************************/
if (profile[0] == 'y' && profile[1] == 'n') {
etl=1; kzero=1; nv=nv2;
} else {
/* Check kzero is valid *****************************/
if (kzero<1) kzero=1; if (kzero>etl) kzero=etl;
putCmd("kzero = %d",(int)kzero);
}
/* Set petable name and full path *********************/
sprintf(tabname,"fse%d_%d_%d",(int)nv,(int)etl,(int)kzero);
putCmd("petable = '%s'",tabname);
strcpy(tabfile,userdir);
strcat(tabfile,"/tablib/");
strcat(tabfile,tabname);
/* Generate phase encode table ************************/
if (tabscheme) { /* New scheme */
/* Calculate PE table for kzero=1 */
seg0=nseg/2;
for (j=0;j<seg0;j++) {
for (i=0;i<etl/2;i++) tab[j*(int)etl+i] = i*nseg+seg0-j;
for (i=1;i<=etl/2;i++) tab[(j+1)*(int)etl-i] = tab[j*(int)etl]-i*nseg;
}
for (j=seg0;j<nseg;j++) {
for (i=0;i<=etl/2;i++) tab[j*(int)etl+i] = i*nseg+seg0-j;
for (i=1;i<etl/2;i++) tab[(j+1)*(int)etl-i] = tab[j*(int)etl]-i*nseg;
}
/* Adjust for kzero */
for (i=0;i<nseg;i++) {
k=i*etl;
for (j=0;j<kzero-1;j++) petab[k+j]=tab[k+(int)etl-(int)kzero+j+1];
for (j=kzero-1;j<etl;j++) petab[k+j]=tab[k+j-(int)kzero+1];
}
} else { /* Original scheme */
/* Calculate PE table for kzero=1 */
odd=(int)nseg%2; seg0=nseg/2+odd;
k=0; for (i=0;i<etl;i++) for (j=seg0-odd*i%2-1;j>=0;j--) tab[j*(int)etl+i] = k--;
k=1; for (i=0;i<etl;i++) for (j=seg0-odd*i%2;j<nseg;j++) tab[j*(int)etl+i] = k++;
/* Adjust for kzero */
for (i=0;i<nseg;i++) {
k=i*etl;
for (j=0;j<kzero-1;j++) petab[k+j]=tab[k+(int)etl-j-1];
for (j=kzero-1;j<etl;j++) petab[k+j]=tab[k+j-(int)kzero+1];
}
}
/* Set petable name and full path *********************/
sprintf(tabname,"fse%d_%d_%d",(int)nv,(int)etl,(int)kzero);
putCmd("petable = '%s'",tabname);
strcpy(tabfile,userdir);
strcat(tabfile,"/tablib/");
strcat(tabfile,tabname);
/* Write to tabfile ***********************************/
fp=fopen(tabfile,"w");
fprintf(fp,"t1 =");
for (i=0;i<nseg;i++) {
fprintf(fp,"\n");
for (j=0;j<etl;j++) fprintf(fp,"%3d\t",petab[i*(int)etl+j]);
}
fclose(fp);
/* Set pelist to contain table order ******************/
putCmd("pelist = 0"); /* Re-initialize pelist */
for (i=0;i<nseg*etl;i++) putCmd("pelist[%d] = %d",i+1,petab[i]);
/* Avoid gradient slew rate errors */
for (i=0;i<nseg*etl;i++) if (abs(petab[i]) > nv/2) petab[i]=0;
/* Set phase encode table *****************************/
settable(t1,(int)etl*nseg,petab);
/* RF Power & Bandwidth Calculations ******************/
shape_rf(&p1_rf,"p1",p1pat,p1,flip1,rof1,rof2);
shape_rf(&p2_rf,"p2",p2pat,p2,flip2,rof1,rof2);
calc_rf(&p1_rf,"tpwr1","tpwr1f");
calc_rf(&p2_rf,"tpwr2","tpwr2f");
/* Calculate thk2fact to ensure gss=gss2 for the choice of p1 and p2
so that the sequence remains robust in the absence of correct
balancing of slice select and slice refocus gradients */
thk2fact=p2_rf.bandwidth/p1_rf.bandwidth;
putvalue("thk2fact",thk2fact);
/* Initialize gradient structures *********************/
init_readout(&ro_grad,"ro",lro,np,sw);
ro_grad.pad1=alfa; ro_grad.pad2=alfa;
init_readout_refocus(&ror_grad,"ror");
init_phase(&pe_grad,"pe",lpe,nv);
init_phase(&pe2_grad,"pe2",lpe2,nv2);
init_slice(&ss_grad,"ss",thk);
init_slice(&ss2_grad,"ss2",thk*thk2fact);
init_slice_refocus(&ssr_grad,"ssr");
init_dephase(&crush_grad,"crush");
/* Gradient calculations ******************************/
calc_readout(&ro_grad,WRITE,"gro","sw","at");
calc_readout_refocus(&ror_grad,&ro_grad,WRITE,"gror");
calc_phase(&pe_grad,NOWRITE,"","");
calc_phase(&pe2_grad,NOWRITE,"","");
calc_slice(&ss_grad,&p1_rf,WRITE,"gss");
calc_slice(&ss2_grad,&p2_rf,WRITE,"");
calc_slice_refocus(&ssr_grad,&ss_grad,WRITE,"gssr");
/* Equalize refocus gradient durations ****************/
calc_sim_gradient(&ror_grad,&null_grad,&ssr_grad,0.0,WRITE);
/* Equalize PE gradient durations *********************/
calc_sim_gradient(&pe_grad,&pe2_grad,&null_grad,0.0,WRITE);
/* Set crushing gradient moment ***********************/
crushm0=fabs(gcrush*tcrush);
if (spoilflag[0] == 'y') {
init_generic(&spoil_grad,"spoil",gspoil,tspoil);
calc_generic(&spoil_grad,WRITE,"gspoil","tspoil");
}
/* Create optional prepulse events ********************/
if (sat[0] == 'y') create_satbands();
if (fsat[0] == 'y') create_fatsat();
if (mt[0] == 'y') create_mtc();
if (ir[0] == 'y') create_inversion_recovery();
if (diff[0] == 'y') init_diffusion(&diffusion,&diff_grad,"diff",gdiff,tdelta);
if (diff[0] == 'y') { /* Diffusion encoding is during spin echo preparation */
spinecho[0]='y';
putCmd("spinecho='y'");
}
if (spinecho[0] == 'y') { /* spin echo preparation */
shape_rf(&p3_rf,"p3",p3pat,p3,flip3,rof1,rof2);
calc_rf(&p3_rf,"tpwr3","tpwr3f");
/* Calculate thk3fact to ensure gss=gss2=gss3 for the choice of
p1, p2 and p3 so that the sequence remains robust in the absence
of correct balancing of slice select and slice refocus gradients */
thk3fact=p3_rf.bandwidth/p1_rf.bandwidth;
putvalue("thk3fact",thk3fact);
init_slice(&ss3_grad,"ss3",thk*thk3fact);
calc_slice(&ss3_grad,&p3_rf,WRITE,"");
putvalue("gss3",ss3_grad.ssamp);
offsetlist(pss,ss3_grad.ssamp,0,freqte,ns,seqcon[1]);
shapelistte = shapelist(p3_rf.pulseName,ss3_grad.rfDuration,freqte,ns,ss3_grad.rfFraction,seqcon[1]);
/* Automatically set crushers to avoid unwanted echoes */
if (autocrush[0] == 'y') {
if (crushm0 < 0.6*ro_grad.m0) crushm0=0.6*ro_grad.m0;
}
}
/* Make sure crushing in PE dimensions does not refocus signal from 180 */
pem0 = (pe_grad.m0 > pe2_grad.m0) ? pe_grad.m0 : pe2_grad.m0;
calc_dephase(&crush_grad,WRITE,crushm0+pem0,"","");
gcrushr = crush_grad.amp*crushm0/crush_grad.m0;
gcrushp = crush_grad.amp*(crushm0+pe_grad.m0)/crush_grad.m0;
gcrushs = crush_grad.amp*(crushm0+pe2_grad.m0)/crush_grad.m0;
sgl_error_check(sglerror);
/* Set up frequency offset pulse shape list ***********/
offsetlist(pss,ss_grad.amp,0,freq90,ns,seqcon[1]);
offsetlist(pss,ss2_grad.ssamp,0,freq180,ns,seqcon[1]);
shapelist90 = shapelist(p1_rf.pulseName,ss_grad.rfDuration,freq90,ns,ss_grad.rfFraction,seqcon[1]);
shapelist180 = shapelist(p2_rf.pulseName,ss2_grad.rfDuration,freq180,ns,ss2_grad.rfFraction,seqcon[1]);
/* To ensure proper overlap spin and stimulated echoes ensure that the
middle of the refocusing RF pulse is the centre of the pulse and that
echoes are formed in the centre of the acquisition window */
if (ss2_grad.rfFraction != 0.5)
abort_message(
"ERROR %s: Refocusing RF pulse must be symmetric (RF fraction = %.2f)",
seqfil,ss2_grad.rfFraction);
if (ro_grad.echoFraction != 1)
abort_message("ERROR %s: Echo Fraction must be 1",seqfil);
/* Find sum of all events in each half-echo period ****/
esp = granularity(esp,2*GRADIENT_RES);
tau1 = ss_grad.rfCenterBack + ssr_grad.duration + crush_grad.duration + ss2_grad.rfCenterFront + GRADIENT_RES;
tau2 = ss2_grad.rfCenterBack + crush_grad.duration + pe_grad.duration + ro_grad.timeToEcho + GRADIENT_RES;
tau3 = ro_grad.timeFromEcho + pe_grad.duration + crush_grad.duration + ss2_grad.rfCenterFront + GRADIENT_RES;
espmin = 2*MAX(MAX(tau1,tau2),tau3); // Minimum echo spacing
if (minesp[0] == 'y') {
esp = espmin;
putvalue("esp",esp);
}
if (FP_LT(esp,espmin)) {
abort_message("ERROR %s: Echo spacing too small, minimum is %.3fms\n",seqfil,espmin*1000);
}
te1_delay = esp/2.0 - tau1 + GRADIENT_RES; // Intra-esp delays
te2_delay = esp/2.0 - tau2 + GRADIENT_RES;
te3_delay = esp/2.0 - tau3 + GRADIENT_RES;
/* Spin echo preparation ******************************/
if (spinecho[0] == 'y') {
te = granularity(te,2*GRADIENT_RES);
te1 = te-kzero*esp;
tau1 = ss_grad.rfCenterBack + ssr_grad.duration + crush_grad.duration + ss3_grad.duration/2.0 + GRADIENT_RES;
tau2 = ss3_grad.duration/2.0 + crush_grad.duration + GRADIENT_RES;
temin = 2*MAX(tau1,tau2);
/* Diffusion */
if (diff[0] == 'y') {
/* granulate tDELTA */
tDELTA = granularity(tDELTA,GRADIENT_RES);
/* taudiff is the duration of events between diffusion gradients */
taudiff = ss3_grad.duration + 2*crush_grad.duration;
/* set minimum diffusion structure requirements for gradient echo: taudiff, tDELTA, te and minte[0] */
set_diffusion(&diffusion,taudiff,tDELTA,te1,minte[0]);
/* set additional diffusion structure requirements for spin echo: tau1 and tau2 */
set_diffusion_se(&diffusion,tau1,tau2);
/* calculate the diffusion structure delays.
address &temin is required in order to update temin accordingly */
calc_diffTime(&diffusion,&temin);
}
/* TE delays */
if (minte[0] == 'y') {
te1 = temin;
te = te1+kzero*esp;
putvalue("te",te);
}
te_delay1 = te1/2 - tau1 + GRADIENT_RES;
te_delay2 = te1/2 - tau2 + GRADIENT_RES;
if (FP_LT(te,temin+kzero*esp)) {
abort_message("ERROR %s: TE too short, minimum TE = %.3f ms\n",seqfil,temin*1000);
}
}
else
putvalue("te",kzero*esp); // Return effective TE
/* Check nsblock, the number of slices blocked together
(used for triggering and/or inversion recovery) */
check_nsblock();
/* Calculate B values *********************************/
if (ix==1) {
/* Calculate bvalues according to main diffusion gradients */
calc_bvalues(&diffusion,"dro","dpe","dsl");
/* Add components from additional diffusion encoding imaging gradients peculiar to this sequence */
/* Initialize variables */
dgro = 0.5*(ror_grad.duration+ro_grad.timeToEcho); // readout dephase & readout delta
Gro = ro_grad.m0ref/dgro; // readout dephase & readout gradient strength
Dgro = dgro+2*crush_grad.duration+ss2_grad.duration+te2_delay+pe_grad.duration; // readout dephase & readout DELTA
dgss = 0.5*(ss_grad.rfCenterBack+ssr_grad.duration); // slice & slice refocus delta
Gss = ss_grad.m0ref/dgss; // slice & slice refocus gradient strength
Dgss = dgss; // slice & slice refocus DELTA
dgss2 = (ss2_grad.duration-ss2_grad.tramp)/2.0; // refocus slice select delta
Dgss2 = dgss2; // refocus slice select DELTA
dcrush2 = crush_grad.duration-crush_grad.tramp; // refocus crusher delta
Dcrush2 = crush_grad.duration+ss2_grad.duration; // refocus crusher DELTA
dcrush3 = crush_grad.duration-crush_grad.tramp; // spin echo prep crusher delta
Dcrush3 = crush_grad.duration+ss3_grad.duration; // spin echo prep crusher DELTA
dgss3 = (ss3_grad.duration-ss3_grad.tramp)/2.0; // spin echo prep slice select delta
Dgss3 = dgss3; // spin echo prep slice select DELTA
for (i = 0; i < diffusion.nbval; i++) {
/* set droval, dpeval and dslval */
set_dvalues(&diffusion,&droval,&dpeval,&dslval,i);
/* Readout */
diffusion.bro[i] += bval(Gro,dgro,Dgro);
diffusion.bro[i] += bval(gcrushr,dcrush2,Dcrush2);
diffusion.bro[i] += bval_nested(Gro,dgro,Dgro,gcrushr,dcrush2,Dcrush2);
/* Phase */
diffusion.bpe[i] += bval(gcrushp,dcrush2,Dcrush2);
/* Slice */
diffusion.bsl[i] += bval(Gss,dgss,Dgss);
diffusion.bsl[i] += bval(gcrushs,dcrush2,Dcrush2);
diffusion.bsl[i] += bval(ss2_grad.ssamp,dgss2,Dgss2);
diffusion.bsl[i] += bval_nested(gcrushs,dcrush2,Dcrush2,ss2_grad.ssamp,dgss2,Dgss2);
/* Readout/Phase Cross-terms */
diffusion.brp[i] += bval2(gcrushr,gcrushp,dcrush2,Dcrush2);
/* Readout/Slice Cross-terms */
diffusion.brs[i] += bval_cross(Gro,dgro,Dgro,gcrushs,dcrush2,Dcrush2);
diffusion.brs[i] += bval_cross(Gro,dgro,Dgro,ss2_grad.ssamp,dgss2,Dgss2);
diffusion.brs[i] += bval2(gcrushr,gcrushs,dcrush2,Dcrush2);
diffusion.brs[i] += bval_cross(gcrushr,dcrush2,Dcrush2,ss2_grad.ssamp,dgss2,Dgss2);
/* Slice/Phase Cross-terms */
diffusion.bsp[i] += bval2(gcrushs,gcrushp,dcrush2,Dcrush2);
diffusion.bsp[i] += bval_cross(gcrushp,dcrush2,Dcrush2,ss2_grad.ssamp,dgss2,Dgss2);
if (spinecho[0] == 'y') {
/* Readout */
diffusion.bro[i] += bval(crush_grad.amp,dcrush3,Dcrush3);
diffusion.bro[i] += bval_nested(gdiff*droval,tdelta,tDELTA,crush_grad.amp,dcrush3,Dcrush3);
/* Slice */
diffusion.bsl[i] += bval(ss3_grad.amp,dgss3,Dgss3);
diffusion.bsl[i] += bval_nested(gdiff*dslval,tdelta,tDELTA,ss3_grad.ssamp,dgss3,Dgss3);
/* Readout/Slice Cross-terms */
diffusion.brs[i] += bval_cross(gdiff*dslval,tdelta,tDELTA,crush_grad.amp,dcrush3,Dcrush3);
diffusion.brs[i] += bval_cross(gdiff*droval,tdelta,tDELTA,ss3_grad.amp,dgss3,Dgss3);
diffusion.brs[i] += bval_cross(crush_grad.amp,dcrush3,Dcrush3,ss3_grad.amp,dgss3,Dgss3);
/* Readout/Phase Cross-terms */
diffusion.brp[i] += bval_cross(gdiff*dpeval,tdelta,tDELTA,crush_grad.amp,dcrush3,Dcrush3);
/* Slice/Phase Cross-terms */
diffusion.bsp[i] += bval_cross(gdiff*dpeval,tdelta,tDELTA,ss3_grad.amp,dgss3,Dgss3);
}
} /* End for-all-directions */
/* Write the values */
write_bvalues(&diffusion,"bval","bvalue","max_bval");
}
/* Minimum TR *****************************************/
trmin = ss_grad.rfCenterFront + etl*esp + ro_grad.timeFromEcho + pe_grad.duration + te3_delay + 2*GRADIENT_RES;
if (spoilflag[0] == 'y') trmin += spoil_grad.duration;
/* Increase TR if any options are selected ************/
if (sat[0] == 'y') trmin += satTime;
if (fsat[0] == 'y') trmin += fsatTime;
if (mt[0] == 'y') trmin += mtTime;
if (spinecho[0] == 'y') trmin += te1;
if (ticks > 0) trmin += GRADIENT_RES;
/* Adjust for all slices ******************************/
trmin *= ns;
/* Inversion recovery *********************************/
if (ir[0] == 'y') {
/* tauti is the additional time beyond IR component to be included in ti */
/* satTime, fsatTime and mtTime all included as those modules will be after IR */
tauti = satTime + fsatTime + mtTime + GRADIENT_RES + ss_grad.rfCenterFront;
/* calc_irTime checks ti and returns the time of all IR components */
trmin += calc_irTime(tauti,trmin,mintr[0],tr,&trtype);
}
if (mintr[0] == 'y') {
tr = trmin;
putvalue("tr",tr);
}
if (FP_LT(tr,trmin)) {
abort_message("ERROR %s: TR too short, minimum TR = %.3fms\n",seqfil,trmin*1000);
}
/* Calculate tr delay *********************************/
tr_delay = granularity((tr-trmin)/ns,GRADIENT_RES);
/* Set number of segments for profile or full image ***/
nseg = prep_profile(profile[0],nseg,&pe_grad,&null_grad);
pe2_steps = prep_profile(profile[1],nv2,&pe2_grad,&null_grad);
F_initval(pe2_steps/2.0,vpe2_offset);
/* Shift DDR for pro **********************************/
roff = -poffset(pro,ro_grad.roamp);
/* Adjust experiment time for VnmrJ *******************/
if (ssc<0) {
if (seqcon[2] == 's' && seqcon[3]=='s') g_setExpTime(trmean*ntmean*arraydim - ssc*arraydim);
else if (seqcon[2]=='s') g_setExpTime(trmean*nseg*(ntmean*pe2_steps*arraydim - ssc*arraydim));
else if (seqcon[3]=='s') g_setExpTime(trmean*pe2_steps*(ntmean*nseg*arraydim - ssc*arraydim));
else g_setExpTime(trmean*(ntmean*pe_steps*pe2_steps*arraydim - ssc*arraydim));
}
else g_setExpTime(trmean*ntmean*nseg*pe2_steps*arraydim + tr*ssc);
/* PULSE SEQUENCE *************************************/
status(A); // Set status A
rotate(); // Set gradient rotation according to psi, phi and theta
triggerSelect(trigger); // Select trigger input 1/2/3
obsoffset(resto); // Set spectrometer frequency
delay(GRADIENT_RES); // Delay for frequency setting
initval(fabs(ssc),vssc); // Compressed steady-state counter
if (seqcon[2]=='s' && seqcon[3]=='s') assign(zero,vssc); // Zero for standard peloop and pe2loop
assign(one,vacquire); // real-time acquire flag
/* Phase cycle: Alternate 180 phase to cancel residual FID */
mod2(ct,vphase180); // 0101
dbl(vphase180,vphase180); // 0202
add(vphase180,one,vphase180); // 1313 Phase difference from 90
add(vphase180,oph,vphase180);
/* trigger */
if (ticks > 0) F_initval((double)nsblock,vtrigblock);
/* Begin phase-encode loop ****************************/
peloop2(seqcon[3],pe2_steps,vpe2_steps,vpe2_ctr);
/* Begin phase-encode loop ****************************/
peloop(seqcon[2],nseg,vseg,vseg_ctr);
if (trtype) delay(ns*tr_delay); // relaxation delay
/* Compressed steady-states: 1st array & transient, all arrays if ssc is negative */
if ((ix > 1) && (ssc > 0))
assign(zero,vssc);
if (seqcon[2] == 'c')
sub(vseg_ctr,vssc,vseg_ctr); // vseg_ctr counts up from -ssc
else if (seqcon[3] == 'c')
sub(vpe2_ctr,vssc,vpe2_ctr); // vpe2_ctr counts up from -ssc
assign(zero,vssc);
if (seqcon[2] == 's' && seqcon[3]=='s')
assign(zero,vacquire); // Always acquire for non-compressed loop
else {
if (seqcon[2] == 'c') {
ifzero(vseg_ctr);
assign(zero,vacquire); // Start acquiring when vseg_ctr reaches zero
endif(vseg_ctr);
}
else if (seqcon[3] == 'c') {
ifzero(vpe2_ctr);
assign(zero,vacquire); // Start acquiring when vpe2_ctr reaches zero
endif(vpe2_ctr);
}
}
setacqvar(vacquire); // Turn on acquire when vacquire is zero
/* Use standard encoding order for 2nd PE dimension */
ifzero(vacquire);
sub(vpe2_ctr,vpe2_offset,vpe2_mult);
elsenz(vacquire);
sub(zero,vpe2_offset,vpe2_mult);
endif(vacquire);
msloop(seqcon[1],ns,vms_slices,vms_ctr);
if (!trtype) delay(tr_delay); // Relaxation delay
if (ticks > 0) {
modn(vms_ctr,vtrigblock,vtest);
ifzero(vtest); // if the beginning of an trigger block
xgate(ticks);
grad_advance(gpropdelay);
delay(GRADIENT_RES);
elsenz(vtest);
delay(GRADIENT_RES);
endif(vtest);
}
sp1on(); delay(GRADIENT_RES); sp1off(); // Scope trigger
/* Prepulse options ***********************************/
if (ir[0] == 'y') inversion_recovery();
if (sat[0] == 'y') satbands();
if (fsat[0] == 'y') fatsat();
if (mt[0] == 'y') mtc();
/* 90 degree pulse ************************************/
obspower(p1_rf.powerCoarse);
obspwrf(p1_rf.powerFine);
delay(GRADIENT_RES);
obl_shapedgradient(ss_grad.name,ss_grad.duration,0,0,ss_grad.amp,NOWAIT);
delay(ss_grad.rfDelayFront);
shapedpulselist(shapelist90,ss_grad.rfDuration,oph,rof1,rof2,seqcon[1],vms_ctr);
delay(ss_grad.rfDelayBack);
/* Spin echo preparation ******************************/
if (spinecho[0] == 'y') {
obl_shapedgradient(ssr_grad.name,ssr_grad.duration,0.0,0.0,-ssr_grad.amp,WAIT);
if (diff[0] == 'y') {
delay(diffusion.d1);
diffusion_dephase(&diffusion,dro,dpe,dsl);
delay(diffusion.d2);
}
else
delay(te_delay1);
obspower(p3_rf.powerCoarse);
obspwrf(p3_rf.powerFine);
obl_shapedgradient(crush_grad.name,crush_grad.duration,crush_grad.amp,0.0,0.0,WAIT);
obl_shapedgradient(ss3_grad.name,ss3_grad.duration,0,0,ss3_grad.amp,NOWAIT);
delay(ss3_grad.rfDelayFront);
shapedpulselist(shapelistte,ss3_grad.rfDuration,vphase180,rof1,rof2,seqcon[1],vms_ctr);
delay(ss3_grad.rfDelayBack);
obl_shapedgradient(crush_grad.name,crush_grad.duration,crush_grad.amp,0.0,0.0,WAIT);
if (diff[0] == 'y') {
delay(diffusion.d3);
diffusion_rephase(&diffusion,dro,dpe,dsl);
delay(diffusion.d4);
}
else
delay(te_delay2);
delay(ss_grad.duration/2.0);
delay(te1_delay);
obspower(p2_rf.powerCoarse);
obspwrf(p2_rf.powerFine);
obl_shapedgradient(ror_grad.name,ror_grad.duration,ror_grad.amp,0.0,0.0,WAIT);
}
else {
/* Read dephase and Slice refocus */
obl_shapedgradient(ssr_grad.name,ssr_grad.duration,ror_grad.amp,0.0,-ssr_grad.amp,WAIT);
/* First half-TE delay */
obspower(p2_rf.powerCoarse);
obspwrf(p2_rf.powerFine);
delay(te1_delay);
}
F_initval(etl,vetl);
loop(vetl,vetl_ctr);
mult(vseg_ctr,vetl,vpe_ctr);
add(vpe_ctr,vetl_ctr,vpe_ctr);
getelem(t1,vpe_ctr,vpe_mult);
/* 180 degree pulse *********************************/
obl_shapedgradient(crush_grad.name,crush_grad.duration,gcrushr,gcrushp,gcrushs,WAIT);
obl_shapedgradient(ss2_grad.name,ss2_grad.duration,0,0,ss2_grad.amp,NOWAIT);
delay(ss2_grad.rfDelayFront);
shapedpulselist(shapelist180,ss2_grad.rfDuration,vphase180,rof1,rof2,seqcon[1],vms_ctr);
delay(ss2_grad.rfDelayBack);
obl_shapedgradient(crush_grad.name,crush_grad.duration,gcrushr,gcrushp,gcrushs,WAIT);
/* Second half-TE period ****************************/
delay(te2_delay);
/* Phase-encode gradient ****************************/
pe2_shapedgradient(pe_grad.name,pe_grad.duration,0,0,0,-pe_grad.increment,-pe2_grad.increment,vpe_mult,vpe2_mult,WAIT);
/* Readout gradient *********************************/
obl_shapedgradient(ro_grad.name,ro_grad.duration,ro_grad.roamp,0,0,NOWAIT);
delay(ro_grad.atDelayFront-alfa);
/* Acquire data *************************************/
startacq(alfa);
acquire(np,1.0/sw);
endacq();
delay(ro_grad.atDelayBack);
/* Rewinding phase-encode gradient ******************/
pe2_shapedgradient(pe_grad.name,pe_grad.duration,0,0,0,pe_grad.increment,pe2_grad.increment,vpe_mult,vpe2_mult,WAIT);
/* Second half-TE delay *****************************/
delay(te3_delay);
endloop(vetl_ctr);
if (spoilflag[0] == 'y')
obl_shapedgradient(spoil_grad.name,spoil_grad.duration,spoil_grad.amp,spoil_grad.amp,spoil_grad.amp,WAIT);
endmsloop(seqcon[1],vms_ctr);
endpeloop(seqcon[2],vseg_ctr);
endpeloop(seqcon[3],vpe2_ctr);
/* Inter-image delay **********************************/
sub(ntrt,ct,vtrimage);
decr(vtrimage);
ifzero(vtrimage);
delay(trimage);
endif(vtrimage);
}
pulsesequence()
{
/***** Internal variable declarations *****/
int shapelist1,shapelist2,shapelist3; /* pulse shapes (lists) */
double freq1,freq2,freq3,ws_delta;
double rprof,pprof,sprof;
double restol, resto_local,csd_ppm;
char profile_ovs[MAXSTR];
char profile_vox[MAXSTR];
int wsfirst; //wsfirst makes ws unit to be exececuted first
int isis;
int counter,noph;
char autoph[MAXSTR],pcflag[MAXSTR];
/* sequence timing variables */
double te_delay1, te_delay2, newdelay,tr_delay, tm_delay;
double tau1=0, tau2=0;
/* Extra crushers */
double gcrushtm,tcrushtm;
double ky;
double vox3_cr, vox3r_cr;
double gcrush_end, tcrush_end;
/*extra ws pulse flag*/
char ws_tm[MAXSTR];
double wsflipftm;
double tmwstpwr,tmwstpwrf;
init_mri();
noph=(int)getval("noph");
isis=(int)getval("isis");
int inv1[32]= {0, 0, 0, 0, 2, 2, 2, 2, 0, 0, 0, 0, 2, 2, 2, 2, 1, 1, 1, 1, 3, 3, 3, 3, 1, 1, 1, 1, 3, 3, 3, 3};//excitation pulse
int inv2[32]= {0, 0, 1, 1, 2, 2, 3, 3, 0, 0, 1, 1, 2, 2, 3, 3, 1, 1, 2, 2, 3, 3, 0, 0, 1, 1, 2, 2, 3, 3, 0, 0}; //refocusing pulse
int inv3[32]= {0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 3, 3, 3, 3, 3, 3, 3, 3};//inversion pulse
int phrec[32]= {0, 2, 2, 0, 2, 0, 0, 2, 0, 2, 2, 0, 2, 0, 0, 2, 1, 3, 3, 1, 3, 1, 1, 3, 1, 3, 3, 1, 3, 1, 1, 3};// rec phase
int phrec0[32]= {0, 0, 2, 2, 2, 2, 0, 0, 0, 0, 2, 2, 2, 2, 0, 0, 1, 1, 3, 3, 3, 3, 1, 1, 1, 1, 3, 3, 3, 3, 1, 1};// rec phase for non-isis
/***** Real-time variables used in this sequence *****/
int vinv1 = v1; // on/off flag first inversion pulse
int vms = v5; // dummy shapedpulselist slice counter (= one)
get_ovsparameters();
get_wsparameters();
rprof = getval("rprof");
pprof = getval("pprof");
sprof = getval("sprof");
ky=getval("ky");
getstr("autoph",autoph);
getstr("pcflag",pcflag);
getstr("profile_ovs",profile_ovs);
getstr("profile_vox",profile_vox);
wsfirst=(int)getval("wsfirst");
restol=getval("restol"); //local frequency offset
roff=getval("roff"); //receiver offset
csd_ppm=getval("csd_ppm"); //chemical shift displacement factor
gcrushtm = getval("gcrushtm");
tcrushtm = getval("tcrushtm");
wsflipftm = getval("wsflipftm");
getstr("ws_tm",ws_tm);
ws_delta=getval("ws_delta");
vox3_cr=1000000;
/***** RF power calculations *****/
shape_rf(&p1_rf,"p1",p1pat,p1,flip1,rof1,rof2);
shape_rf(&p2_rf,"p2",p2pat,p2,flip2,rof1,rof2);
shape_rf(&p3_rf,"p3",p3pat,p3,flip3,rof1,rof2);
shape_rf(&p4_rf,"p4",p4pat,p4,flip4,rof1,rof2);
p4_rf.flipmult=wsflipftm;
calc_rf(&p1_rf,"tpwr1","tpwr1f");
calc_rf(&p2_rf,"tpwr2","tpwr2f");
calc_rf(&p3_rf,"tpwr3","tpwr3f");
calc_rf(&p4_rf,"tpwr4","tpwr4f");
// wsfpwrtm=p4_rf.powerFine*wsflipftm; /* ws fine RF power */
trampfixed=trise; //rise time =trise
tcrush=granularity(tcrush,GRADIENT_RES); //this is to avoid the granularity errors
//if trampfixed is used, rise time needs to be checked
if (trise*2>tcrush){
abort_message("tcrush too short. Minimum tcrush = %fms \n",1000*trise*2);
}
if (gcrush>gmax){
abort_message("gcrush too large. Max gcrush = %f \n",gmax*0.95);
}
init_slice(&vox1_grad,"vox1",vox1);
init_slice(&vox2_grad,"vox2",vox2);
init_slice_butterfly(&vox3_crush,"vox3_crush",vox3_cr,gcrush,tcrush);
init_slice_butterfly(&vox3r_crush,"vox3r_crush",vox3_cr,gcrush,tcrush);
init_slice_butterfly(&vox3_grad,"vox3",vox3,gcrush,tcrush);
init_generic(&tmcrush_grad,"tmcrush",gcrushtm,tcrushtm); //crusher grad during tm
if (profile_vox[0] == 'y') {
init_readout_butterfly(&ro_grad,"ro",lro,np,sw,gcrushro,tcrushro);
init_readout_refocus(&ror_grad,"ror");
}
/***** Gradient calculations *****/
calc_slice(&vox1_grad,&p1_rf,WRITE,"vox1_grad");
calc_slice(&vox2_grad,&p2_rf,WRITE,"vox2_grad");
calc_slice(&vox3_grad,&p3_rf,NOWRITE,"");
calc_slice(&vox3_crush,&p3_rf,WRITE,"vox3_crush");
calc_slice(&vox3r_crush,&p3_rf,NOWRITE,"");
vox3r_crush.crusher1Moment0 -= vox2_grad.m0ref; //only now can re-calculate the moment
vox3r_crush.crusher1CalcFlag=AMPLITUDE_FROM_MOMENT_DURATION_RAMP;
calc_slice(&vox3r_crush,&p3_rf,WRITE,"vox3r_crush");
vox3_grad.crusher2Moment0 *= vox3_grad.m0def/vox3_grad.m0ref*ky; //only now can re-calculate the moment
vox3_grad.crusher2CalcFlag=AMPLITUDE_FROM_MOMENT_DURATION_RAMP;
calc_slice(&vox3_grad,&p3_rf,WRITE,"vox3_grad");
calc_generic(&tmcrush_grad,WRITE,"","");
if (profile_vox[0] == 'y') {
calc_readout(&ro_grad,WRITE,"gro","sw","at");
putvalue("gro",ro_grad.roamp); // RO grad
calc_readout_refocus(&ror_grad,&ro_grad,WRITE,"gror");
putvalue("tror",ror_grad.duration); // ROR duration
}
if (profile_ovs[0]=='y'){
if (rprof==1) {
vox1_grad.amp=0;
}
else if(pprof==1) {
vox2_grad.amp=0;
}
else if(sprof==1) {
vox3_grad.amp=0;
}
}
/***** Check nt is a multiple of 2 *****/
if (ix == 1) {
if ((int)nt%2 != 0)
text_message("WARNING: SPECIAL requires 2 steps. Set nt as a multiple of 2\n");
}
/* Optional Outer Volume Suppression */
if (ovs[0] == 'y') create_ovsbands();
if (sat[0] == 'y') create_satbands();
/* Optional Water Suppression */
if (ws[0] == 'y') create_watersuppress();
/***** Set up frequency offset pulse shape list *****/
offsetlist(&pos1,vox1_grad.ssamp,0,&freq1,1,'s');
offsetlist(&pos2,vox2_grad.ssamp,0,&freq2,1,'s');
offsetlist(&pos3,vox3_grad.ssamp,0,&freq3,1,'s');
if (profile_ovs[0]=='y'&& sprof==1) freq3=0.0;
if (profile_ovs[0]=='y'&& pprof==1) freq2=0.0;
if (profile_ovs[0]=='y'&& rprof==1) freq1=0.0;
freq1=freq1-csd_ppm*sfrq;
freq2=freq2-csd_ppm*sfrq;
freq3=freq3-csd_ppm*sfrq;
shapelist1 = shapelist(p1_rf.pulseName,vox1_grad.rfDuration,&freq1,1,vox1_grad.rfFraction,'s');
shapelist2 = shapelist(p2_rf.pulseName,vox2_grad.rfDuration,&freq2,1,vox2_grad.rfFraction,'s');
shapelist3 = shapelist(p3_rf.pulseName,vox3_grad.rfDuration,&freq3,1,vox3_grad.rfFraction,'s');
/* Calculate delta from resto to include local frequency line + chemical shift offset */
resto_local=resto-restol;
/* Frequency offsets */
if (profile_vox[0] == 'y') {
/* Shift DDR for pro ************************************/
roff = -poffset(pro,ro_grad.roamp);
}
/* Set tables */
/* Real time variables for inversion pulses */
settable(t1,noph,inv1);
settable(t2,noph,inv2);
settable(t3,noph,inv3);
/* Phase cycle for excitation pulse and receiver */
if (isis!=1) settable(t4,noph,phrec0);
else settable(t4,noph,phrec);
/* shapedpulselist variable */
assign(one,vms);
/* Put gradient information back into VnmrJ parameters */
putvalue("gvox1",vox1_grad.ssamp);
putvalue("gvox2",vox2_grad.ssamp);
putvalue("gvox3",vox3_grad.ssamp);
putvalue("rgvox1",vox1_grad.tramp);
putvalue("rgvox2",vox2_grad.tramp);
putvalue("rgvox3",vox3_grad.tramp);
sgl_error_check(sglerror);
if (ss<0) g_setExpTime(trmean*(nt-ss)*arraydim);
else g_setExpTime(tr*(ntmean*arraydim+ss));
/* PULSE SEQUENCE *************************************/
/* Real time variables for inversion pulses */
counter=(double)nt*(ix-1);
if (autoph[0] == 'n') counter=0.0;
initval(counter,v11);
initval(noph,v13); //v13=number of phase cycling steps
add(v11,ctss,v12); //v12=counter
modn(v12,v13,v12); //v12 runs from 1:v13
getelem(t1,v12,v8); /* 90 DEG. SPIN ECHO PULSE */
getelem(t2,v12,v9); /* 180 DEG. SPIN ECHO P. */
getelem(t3,v12,v10); /* ISIS 180 DEG. ADIAB. PULSE */
getelem(t4,v12,oph); /*RCVR PHASE*/
mod2(v12,vinv1); // this controls 1D isis on, off, on, of... up to noph(=32)
/****************************************************/
/* Sequence Timing **********************************/
/****************************************************/
/* Min TE ******************************************/
tau1 = vox2_grad.rfCenterBack + vox3_grad.rfCenterFront;
tau2 = vox3_grad.rfCenterBack+alfa;
temin = 2*(MAX(tau1,tau2) + 4e-6); /* have at least 4us between gradient events */
if (minte[0] == 'y') {
te = temin;
putvalue("te",te);
}
else if (te < temin) {
abort_message("TE too short. Minimum TE = %.2fms\n",temin*1000);
}
te_delay1 = te/2 - tau1;
te_delay2 = te/2 - tau2;
printf("te delay1 is %f", te_delay1);
printf("te delay2 is %f", te_delay2);
/***************************************************/
/* Min TM ******************************************/
if (ws_tm[0] == 'y') {
tau1 = vox1_grad.rfCenterBack + rof1+rof2+p4_rf.rfDuration+tmcrush_grad.duration + 4e-6 + vox2_grad.rfCenterFront;
}
else tau1 = vox1_grad.rfCenterBack + rof2+tmcrush_grad.duration + 4e-6 + vox2_grad.rfCenterFront;
tmmin = tau1 + 4e-6; /* have at least 4us between gradient events */
if (mintm[0] == 'y') {
tm = tmmin;
putvalue("tm",tm);
}
else if (tm < tmmin) {
abort_message("TM too short. Minimum TM = %.2fms\n",tmmin*1000);
}
tm_delay = (tm - tau1);
/* Relaxation delay ***********************************/
/***** Min TR *****/
trmin = vox1_grad.rfCenterFront + tm + te+alfa + at + 20e-6;
if (profile_vox[0] == 'y') trmin += ror_grad.duration + ro_grad.duration - at;
if (ws[0] == 'y') trmin += wsTime;
if (ovs[0] == 'y') trmin += ovsTime;
if (sat[0] == 'y') trmin += satTime;
if (mintr[0] == 'y') {
tr = trmin;
putCmd("setvalue('tr',%f,'current')\n",tr);
}
if ((trmin-tr) > 12.5e-9) {
abort_message("tr too short. Minimum tr = %.2f ms\n",(trmin)*1000);
}
/***** Calculate TR delay *****/
tr_delay = tr - trmin;
/**Sequence Begin**/
status(A);
obsoffset(resto_local);
delay(4e-6);
set_rotation_matrix(vpsi,vphi,vtheta);
if (ticks > 0) {
xgate(ticks);
grad_advance(gpropdelay);
delay(4e-6);
}
/* TTL scope trigger **********************************/
sp1on(); delay(4e-6); sp1off();
/* Saturation bands ***********************************/
if (ovs[0] == 'y') ovsbands();
if (sat[0] == 'y') satbands();
/* Post OVS water suppression *************************/
if (ws[0] == 'y') watersuppress();
/* First inversion pulse *****/
if (isis >= 1){ /*for the ISIS pulse on,off,on,off... or on,on,on,on... */
obspower(p1_rf.powerCoarse);
obspwrf(p1_rf.powerFine);
delay(4e-6);
if (isis == 1) /* for ISIS on,off,on,off,... */{
ifzero(vinv1);
obl_shapedgradient(vox1_grad.name,vox1_grad.duration,vox1_grad.amp,0,0,NOWAIT);
delay(vox1_grad.rfDelayFront);
shapedpulselist(shapelist1,vox1_grad.rfDuration,v10,rof1,rof2,'s',vms);
delay(vox1_grad.rfDelayBack);
elsenz(vinv1);
obl_shapedgradient(vox1_grad.name,vox1_grad.duration,vox1_grad.amp,0,0,WAIT);
endif(vinv1);
}
else { /* for ISIS on,on,on,on...*/
obl_shapedgradient(vox1_grad.name,vox1_grad.duration,vox1_grad.amp,0,0,NOWAIT);
delay(vox1_grad.rfDelayFront);
shapedpulselist(shapelist1,vox1_grad.rfDuration,v10,rof1,rof2,'s',vms);
delay(vox1_grad.rfDelayBack);
}
}
else delay(vox1_grad.duration); //this is for isis off,off,off,off
/* tm delay before excitation pulse *****/
/* Optional TM water suppression ***********************/
if (ws_tm[0] == 'y') {
if (wsrf[0]=='y') {
obspower(p4_rf.powerCoarse);
obspwrf(p4_rf.powerFine);
delay(4e-6);
shapedpulseoffset(p4_rf.pulseName,p4_rf.rfDuration,zero,rof1,rof2,ws_delta);
}
else delay(p4_rf.rfDuration+rof1+rof2);
} //end of ws_tm='y' condition
delay(tm_delay);
/* TM Gradient crusher ********************************/
obl_shapedgradient(tmcrush_grad.name,tmcrush_grad.duration,0,0,tmcrush_grad.amp,WAIT);
/* 90 degree excitation pulse *****/
obspower(p2_rf.powerCoarse);
obspwrf(p2_rf.powerFine);
delay(4e-6);
obl_shapedgradient(vox2_grad.name,vox2_grad.duration,0,vox2_grad.amp,0,NOWAIT);
delay(vox2_grad.rfDelayFront);
shapedpulselist(shapelist2,vox2_grad.rfDuration,v8,rof1,rof2,'s',vms);
delay(vox2_grad.rfDelayBack);
delay(te_delay1);
/* 180 degree pulse ********************************/
obspower(p3_rf.powerCoarse);
obspwrf(p3_rf.powerFine);
delay(4e-6);
obl_shaped3gradient (vox3_crush.name,vox3r_crush.name,vox3_grad.name,vox3_grad.duration,vox3_crush.amp,vox3r_crush.amp,vox3_grad.amp,NOWAIT);
delay(vox3_grad.rfDelayFront);
shapedpulselist(shapelist3,vox3_grad.rfDuration,v9,rof1,rof2,'s',vms);
delay(vox3_grad.rfDelayBack);
delay(te_delay2);
//acquisition starts
if (profile_vox[0] == 'y') {
obl_shapedgradient(ror_grad.name,ror_grad.duration,
-rprof*ror_grad.amp,-pprof*ror_grad.amp,-sprof*ror_grad.amp,WAIT);
delay(4e-6);
obl_shapedgradient(ro_grad.name,ro_grad.duration,
rprof*ro_grad.amp,pprof*ro_grad.amp,sprof*ro_grad.amp,NOWAIT);
delay(ro_grad.atDelayFront);
startacq(alfa);
acquire(np,1.0/sw);
delay(ro_grad.atDelayBack);
endacq();
} else {
startacq(alfa);
acquire(np,1.0/sw);
endacq();
}
delay(tr_delay);
}
void pulsesequence() {
/* Internal variable declarations *************************/
int shapelist90,shapelist180;
double seqtime,tau1,tau2,tau3,te1_delay,te2_delay,te3_delay,tr_delay;
double freq90[MAXNSLICE], freq180[MAXNSLICE];
/* Diffusion variables */
double te1, te1min, del1, del2, del3, del4;
double te_diff1, te_diff2, tmp1, tmp2;
double diffamp;
char diffpat[MAXSTR];
/* Navigator variables */
double etlnav;
/* Variable crushers */
double cscale;
double vcrush; // flag
/* Diffusion parameters */
#define MAXDIR 1024 /* Will anybody do more than 1024 directions or b-values? */
double roarr[MAXDIR], pearr[MAXDIR], slarr[MAXDIR];
int nbval, /* Total number of bvalues*directions */
nbro, nbpe, nbsl,
i;
double bro[MAXDIR], bpe[MAXDIR], bsl[MAXDIR], /* b-values along RO, PE, SL */
brs[MAXDIR], brp[MAXDIR], bsp[MAXDIR], /* and the cross-terms */
btrace[MAXDIR], /* and the trace */
max_bval=0,
dcrush, dgss2, /* "delta" for crusher and gss2 gradients */
Dro, Dcrush, Dgss2; /* "DELTA" for readout, crusher and gss2 gradients */
/* Real-time variables used in this sequence **************/
int vpe_ctr = v1; // PE loop counter
int vpe_mult = v2; // PE multiplier, ranges from -PE/2 to PE/2
int vpe2_ctr = v3; // PE loop counter
int vpe2_mult = v4; // PE multiplier, ranges from -PE/2 to PE/2
int vpe2_offset = v5;
int vpe2_steps = v6;
int vms_slices = v7; // Number of slices
int vms_ctr = v8; // Slice loop counter
int vseg = v9; // Number of ETL segments
int vseg_ctr = v10; // Segment counter
int vetl = v11; // Echo train length
int vetl_ctr = v12; // Echo train loop counter
int vssc = v13; // Compressed steady-states
int vtrimage = v14; // Counts down from nt, trimage delay when 0
int vacquire = v15; // Argument for setacqvar, to skip steady state acquires
int vphase180 = v16; // phase of 180 degree refocusing pulse
int vetl_loop = v17; // Echo train length MINUS ONE, used on etl loop
int vnav = v18; // Echo train length
int vcr_ctr = v19; // variable crusher, index into table
int vcr1 = v20; // multiplier along RO
int vcr2 = v21; // multiplier along PE
int vcr3 = v22; // multiplier along SL
int vetl1 = v23; // = etl-1, determine navigator echo location in echo loop
int vcr_reset = v24; // check for navigator echoes, reset crushers
/* Initialize paramaters **********************************/
get_parameters();
te1 = getval("te1"); /* te1 is the echo time for the first echo */
cscale = getval("cscale"); /* Scaling factor on first 180 crushers */
vcrush = getval("vcrush"); /* Variable crusher or set amplitude? */
getstr("diffpat",diffpat);
/* Load external PE table ********************************/
if (strcmp(petable,"n") && strcmp(petable,"N") && strcmp(petable,"")) {
loadtable(petable);
} else {
abort_message("petable undefined");
}
/* Hold variable crushers in tables 5, 6, 7 */
settable(t5,8,crro);
settable(t6,8,crpe);
settable(t7,8,crss);
seqtime = 0.0;
espmin = 0.0;
/* RF Power & Bandwidth Calculations **********************/
init_rf(&p1_rf,p1pat,p1,flip1,rof1,rof2);
init_rf(&p2_rf,p2pat,p2,flip2,rof1,rof2);
// shape_rf(&p1_rf,"p1",p1pat,p1,flip1,rof1,rof2);
// shape_rf(&p2_rf,"p2",p2pat,p2,flip2,rof1,rof2);
calc_rf(&p1_rf,"tpwr1","tpwr1f");
calc_rf(&p2_rf,"tpwr2","tpwr2f");
/* Initialize gradient structures *************************/
init_readout(&ro_grad,"ro",lro,np,sw);
init_readout_refocus(&ror_grad,"ror");
init_phase(&pe_grad,"pe",lpe,nv);
init_phase(&pe2_grad,"pe2",lpe2,nv2);
init_slice(&ss_grad,"ss",thk); /* NOTE assume same band widths for p1 and p2 */
init_slice(&ss2_grad,"ss2",thk); /* not butterfly, want to scale crushers w/ echo */
init_slice_refocus(&ssr_grad,"ssr");
/* Gradient calculations **********************************/
calc_readout(&ro_grad,WRITE,"gro","sw","at");
calc_readout_refocus(&ror_grad,&ro_grad,NOWRITE,"gror");
calc_phase(&pe_grad,NOWRITE,"gpe","tpe");
calc_phase(&pe2_grad,NOWRITE,"gpe2","tpe2");
calc_slice(&ss_grad,&p1_rf,WRITE,"gss");
calc_slice(&ss2_grad,&p1_rf,WRITE,"");
calc_slice_refocus(&ssr_grad,&ss_grad,WRITE,"gssr");
/* Equalize refocus and PE gradient durations *************/
calc_sim_gradient(&ror_grad,&pe_grad,&pe2_grad,0.0,WRITE);
/* Variable crusher */
init_generic(&crush_grad,"crush",gcrush,tcrush);
calc_generic(&crush_grad,WRITE,"","");
/* Create optional prepulse events ************************/
if (sat[0] == 'y') create_satbands();
if (fsat[0] == 'y') create_fatsat();
if (mt[0] == 'y') create_mtc();
/* Optional Diffusion gradient */
if (diff[0] == 'y') {
init_generic(&diff_grad,"diff",gdiff,tdelta);
if (!strcmp("sine",diffpat)) {
diff_grad.shape = SINE;
diffamp = gdiff*1;
}
/* adjust duration, so tdelta is from start ramp up to start ramp down */
if ((ix == 1) && (diff_grad.shape == TRAPEZOID)) {
calc_generic(&diff_grad,NOWRITE,"","");
diff_grad.duration += diff_grad.tramp;
}
calc_generic(&diff_grad,WRITE,"","");
}
/* Set up frequency offset pulse shape list ********/
offsetlist(pss,ss_grad.amp,0,freq90,ns,seqcon[1]);
offsetlist(pss,ss2_grad.ssamp,0,freq180,ns,seqcon[1]);
shapelist90 = shapelist(p1_rf.pulseName,ss_grad.rfDuration, freq90, ns,0,seqcon[1]);
shapelist180 = shapelist(p2_rf.pulseName,ss2_grad.rfDuration,freq180,ns,0,seqcon[1]);
/* same slice selection gradient and RF pattern used */
if (ss_grad.rfFraction != 0.5)
abort_message("RF pulse must be symmetric (RF fraction = %.2f)",ss_grad.rfFraction);
if (ro_grad.echoFraction != 1)
abort_message("Echo Fraction must be 1");
/*****************************************************/
/* TIMING FOR ECHOES *********************************/
/*****************************************************/
/* First echo time, without diffusion */
tau1 = ss_grad.rfCenterBack + ssr_grad.duration + crush_grad.duration + ss2_grad.rfCenterFront;
tau2 = ss2_grad.rfCenterBack + crush_grad.duration + pe_grad.duration + ro_grad.timeToEcho;
te1min = 2*MAX(tau1,tau2);
if (te1 < te1min + 2*4e-6) {
abort_message("First echo time too small, minimum is %.2fms\n",(te1min+2*4e-6)*1000);
}
/* Each half-echo period in the ETL loop ********/
tau3 = ro_grad.timeFromEcho + pe_grad.duration + crush_grad.duration + ss2_grad.rfCenterFront;
espmin = 2*MAX(tau2,tau3); // Minimum echo spacing
if (minesp[0] == 'y') {
esp = espmin + 2*4e-6;
putvalue("esp",esp);
}
if (esp - (espmin + 2*4e-6) < -12.5e-9) {
abort_message("Echo spacing too small, minimum is %.2fms\n",(espmin+2*4e-6)*1000);
}
te1_delay = te1/2.0 - tau1;
te2_delay = esp/2.0 - tau2;
te3_delay = esp/2.0 - tau3;
/*****************************************************/
/* TIMING FOR DIFFUSION ******************************/
/*****************************************************/
del1 = te1/2.0 - tau1;
del2 = 0;
del3 = te1/2.0 - tau2;
del4 = 0;
if (diff[0] == 'y') {
tau1 += diff_grad.duration;
tau2 += diff_grad.duration;
te1min = 2*MAX(tau1,tau2);
if (te1 < te1min + 4*4e-6) { /* te1 is split into 4 delays, each of which must be >= 4us */
abort_message("ERROR %s: First echo time too small, minimum is %.2fms\n",seqfil,te1min*1000);
}
/* te1 is the echo time for the first echo */
te_diff1 = te1/2 - tau1; /* Available time in first half of first echo */
te_diff2 = te1/2 - tau2; /* Available time in second half of first echo */
tmp1 = ss2_grad.duration + 2*crush_grad.duration; /* duration of 180 block */
/* Is tDELTA long enough? */
if (tDELTA < diff_grad.duration + tmp1)
abort_message("DELTA too short, increase to %.2fms",
(diff_grad.duration + tmp1)*1000);
/* Is tDELTA too long? */
tmp2 = diff_grad.duration + te_diff1 + tmp1 + te_diff2;
if (tDELTA > tmp2) {
abort_message("DELTA too long, increase te1 to %.2fms",
(te1 + (tDELTA-tmp2))*1000);
}
/* First attempt to put lobes right after slice select, ie del1 = 0 */
del1 = 4e-6; /* At least 4us after setting power for 180 */
del2 = te_diff1 - del1;
del3 = tDELTA - (diff_grad.duration + del2 + tmp1);
if (del3 < 4e-6) { /* shift diffusion block towards acquisition */
del3 = 4e-6;
del2 = tDELTA - (diff_grad.duration + tmp1 + del3);
}
del1 = te_diff1 - del2;
del4 = te_diff2 - del3;
if (fabs(del4) < 12.5e-9) del4 = 0;
}
te = te1 + (kzero-1)*esp; // Return effective TE
putvalue("te",te);
/* How many echoes in the echo loop, including navigators? */
etlnav = (etl-1)+(navigator[0]=='y')*2.0;
/* Minimum TR **************************************/
seqtime = 4e-6 + 2*nseg*ns*4e-6; /* count all the 4us delays */
seqtime += ns*(ss_grad.duration/2 + te1 + (etlnav)*esp + ro_grad.timeFromEcho + pe_grad.duration + te3_delay);
/* Increase TR if any options are selected****************/
if (sat[0] == 'y') seqtime += ns*satTime;
if (fsat[0] == 'y') seqtime += ns*fsatTime;
if (mt[0] == 'y') seqtime += ns*mtTime;
trmin = seqtime + ns*4e-6; /* Add 4us to ensure that tr_delay is always >= 4us */
if (mintr[0] == 'y'){
tr = trmin;
putvalue("tr",tr+1e-6);
}
if (tr < trmin) {
abort_message("TR too short. Minimum TR = %.2fms\n",trmin*1000);
}
tr_delay = (tr - seqtime)/ns;
/* Set number of segments for profile or full image **********/
nseg = prep_profile(profile[0],nv/etl,&pe_grad,&per_grad);
pe2_steps = prep_profile(profile[1],nv2,&pe2_grad,&pe2r_grad);
/* Calculate total scan time */
g_setExpTime(tr*(nt*nseg*pe2_steps*arraydim + ssc));
/***************************************************/
/* CALCULATE B VALUES ******************************/
if (diff[0] == 'y') {
/* Get multiplication factors and make sure they have same # elements */
/* All this is only necessary because putCmd only work for ix==1 */
nbro = (int) getarray("dro",roarr); nbval = nbro;
nbpe = (int) getarray("dpe",pearr); if (nbpe > nbval) nbval = nbpe;
nbsl = (int) getarray("dsl",slarr); if (nbsl > nbval) nbval = nbsl;
if ((nbro != nbval) && (nbro != 1))
abort_message("%s: Number of directions/b-values must be the same for all axes (readout)",seqfil);
if ((nbpe != nbval) && (nbpe != 1))
abort_message("%s: Number of directions/b-values must be the same for all axes (phase)",seqfil);
if ((nbsl != nbval) && (nbsl != 1))
abort_message("%s: Number of directions/b-values must be the same for all axes (slice)",seqfil);
if (nbro == 1) for (i = 1; i < nbval; i++) roarr[i] = roarr[0];
if (nbpe == 1) for (i = 1; i < nbval; i++) pearr[i] = pearr[0];
if (nbsl == 1) for (i = 1; i < nbval; i++) slarr[i] = slarr[0];
}
else {
nbval = 1;
roarr[0] = 0;
pearr[0] = 0;
slarr[0] = 0;
}
for (i = 0; i < nbval; i++) {
dcrush = crush_grad.duration; //"delta" for crusher
Dcrush = dcrush + ss_grad.duration; //"DELTA" for crusher
/* Readout */
Dro = ror_grad.duration;
bro[i] = bval(gdiff*roarr[i],tdelta,tDELTA);
bro[i] += bval(ro_grad.amp,ro_grad.timeToEcho,Dro);
bro[i] += bval(crush_grad.amp,dcrush,Dcrush);
bro[i] += bval_nested(gdiff*roarr[i],tdelta,tDELTA,
crush_grad.amp,dcrush,Dcrush);
/* Slice */
dgss2 = Dgss2 = ss_grad.rfCenterFront;
bsl[i] = bval(gdiff*slarr[i],tdelta,tDELTA);
bsl[i] += bval(crush_grad.amp,dcrush,Dcrush);
bsl[i] += bval(ss2_grad.ssamp,dgss2,Dgss2);
bsl[i] += bval_nested(gdiff*slarr[i],tdelta,tDELTA,
crush_grad.amp,dcrush,Dcrush);
bsl[i] += bval_nested(gdiff*slarr[i],tdelta,tDELTA,ss2_grad.ssamp,dgss2,Dgss2);
bsl[i] += bval_nested(ss2_grad.ssamp,dgss2,Dgss2,
crush_grad.amp,dcrush,Dcrush);
/* Phase */
bpe[i] = bval(gdiff*pearr[i],tdelta,tDELTA);
bpe[i] += bval(crush_grad.amp,dcrush,Dcrush);
bpe[i] += bval_nested(gdiff*pearr[i],tdelta,tDELTA,
crush_grad.amp,dcrush,Dcrush);
/* Readout/Slice Cross-terms */
brs[i] = bval2(gdiff*roarr[i],gdiff*slarr[i],tdelta,tDELTA);
brs[i] += bval2(crush_grad.amp,
crush_grad.amp,dcrush,Dcrush);
brs[i] += bval_cross(gdiff*roarr[i],tdelta,tDELTA,
crush_grad.amp,dcrush,Dcrush);
brs[i] += bval_cross(gdiff*slarr[i],tdelta,tDELTA,
crush_grad.amp,dcrush,Dcrush);
brs[i] += bval_cross(gdiff*roarr[i],tdelta,tDELTA,
ss2_grad.ssamp,dgss2,Dgss2);
brs[i] += bval_cross(crush_grad.amp,dcrush,Dcrush,
ss2_grad.ssamp,dgss2,Dgss2);
/* Readout/Phase Cross-terms */
brp[i] = bval2(gdiff*roarr[i],gdiff*pearr[i],tdelta,tDELTA);
brp[i] += bval2(crush_grad.amp,
crush_grad.amp,dcrush,Dcrush);
brp[i] += bval_cross(gdiff*roarr[i],tdelta,tDELTA,
crush_grad.amp,dcrush,Dcrush);
brp[i] += bval_cross(gdiff*pearr[i],tdelta,tDELTA,
crush_grad.amp,dcrush,Dcrush);
/* Slice/Phase Cross-terms */
bsp[i] = bval2(gdiff*pearr[i],gdiff*slarr[i],tdelta,tDELTA);
bsp[i] += bval2(crush_grad.amp,
crush_grad.amp,dcrush,Dcrush);
bsp[i] += bval_cross(gdiff*pearr[i],tdelta,tDELTA,
crush_grad.amp,dcrush,Dcrush);
bsp[i] += bval_cross(gdiff*slarr[i],tdelta,tDELTA,
crush_grad.amp,dcrush,Dcrush);
bsp[i] += bval_cross(gdiff*pearr[i],tdelta,tDELTA,
ss2_grad.ssamp,dgss2,Dgss2);
bsp[i] += bval_cross(crush_grad.amp,dcrush,Dcrush,
ss2_grad.ssamp,dgss2,Dgss2);
btrace[i] = (bro[i]+bsl[i]+bpe[i]);
if (max_bval < btrace[i]) {
max_bval = (bro[i]+bsl[i]+bpe[i]);
}
} /* End for-all-directions */
putarray("bvalrr",bro,nbval);
putarray("bvalpp",bpe,nbval);
putarray("bvalss",bsl,nbval);
putarray("bvalrp",brp,nbval);
putarray("bvalrs",brs,nbval);
putarray("bvalsp",bsp,nbval);
putarray("bvalue",btrace,nbval);
putvalue("max_bval",max_bval);
/* Shift DDR for pro *******************************/
roff = -poffset(pro,ro_grad.roamp);
/* PULSE SEQUENCE *************************************/
if (ix == 1) grad_advance(tep);
initval(fabs(ssc),vssc); // Compressed steady-state counter
setacqvar(vacquire); // Control acquisition through vacquire
assign(one,vacquire); // Turn on acquire when vacquire is zero
/* Phase cycle: Alternate 180 phase to cancel residual FID */
mod2(ct,vphase180); // 0101
dbl(vphase180,vphase180); // 0202
add(vphase180,one,vphase180); // 1313 Phase difference from 90
add(vphase180,oph,vphase180);
obsoffset(resto);
delay(4e-6);
initval(nseg,vseg);
initval(pe2_steps/2.0,vpe2_offset);
initval(etl,vetl);
initval(etl-1,vetl1);
peloop2(seqcon[3],pe2_steps,vpe2_steps,vpe2_ctr);
/* Use standard encoding order for 2nd PE dimension */
sub(vpe2_ctr,vpe2_offset,vpe2_mult);
loop(vseg,vseg_ctr);
/* Compressed steady-states: 1st array & transient, all arrays if ssc is negative */
if ((ix > 1) && (ssc > 0))
assign(zero,vssc);
sub(vseg_ctr,vssc,vseg_ctr); // vpe_ctr counts up from -ssc
assign(zero,vssc);
ifzero(vseg_ctr);
assign(zero,vacquire); // Start acquiring when vseg_ctr reaches zero
endif(vseg_ctr);
msloop(seqcon[1],ns,vms_slices,vms_ctr);
if (ticks) {
xgate(ticks);
grad_advance(tep);
}
sp1on(); delay(4e-6); sp1off(); // Scope trigger
/* Prepulse options ***********************************/
if (sat[0] == 'y') satbands();
if (fsat[0] == 'y') fatsat();
if (mt[0] == 'y') mtc();
/* 90 degree pulse ************************************/
rotate();
obspower(p1_rf.powerCoarse);
obspwrf(p1_rf.powerFine);
delay(4e-6);
obl_shapedgradient(ss_grad.name,ss_grad.duration,0,0,ss_grad.amp,NOWAIT);
delay(ss_grad.rfDelayFront);
shapedpulselist(shapelist90,ss_grad.rfDuration,oph,rof1,rof2,seqcon[1],vms_ctr);
delay(ss_grad.rfDelayBack);
/* Read dephase and Slice refocus *********************/
obl_shapedgradient(ssr_grad.name,ssr_grad.duration,0.0,0.0,-ssr_grad.amp,WAIT);
/* First half-TE delay ********************************/
obspower(p2_rf.powerCoarse);
obspwrf(p2_rf.powerFine);
delay(del1);
/* DIFFUSION GRADIENT */
if (diff[0] == 'y')
obl_shapedgradient(diff_grad.name,diff_grad.duration,diff_grad.amp*dro,diff_grad.amp*dpe,diff_grad.amp*dsl,WAIT);
delay(del2);
/*****************************************************/
/* FIRST ECHO OUTSIDE LOOP ***************************/
/*****************************************************/
ifzero(vacquire); // real acquisition, get PE multiplier from table
mult(vseg_ctr,vetl,vpe_ctr);
getelem(t1,vpe_ctr,vpe_mult);
elsenz(vacquire); // steady state scan
assign(zero,vpe_mult);
endif(vacquire);
/* Variable crusher */
assign(zero,vcr_ctr);
getelem(t5,vcr_ctr,vcr1);
getelem(t6,vcr_ctr,vcr2);
getelem(t7,vcr_ctr,vcr3);
if(vcrush)
phase_encode3_oblshapedgradient(crush_grad.name,crush_grad.name,crush_grad.name,
crush_grad.duration,
(double)0,(double)0,(double)0, // base levels
crush_grad.amp*cscale,crush_grad.amp*cscale,crush_grad.amp*cscale, // step size
vcr1,vcr2,vcr3, // multipliers
(double)1.0,(double)1.0,(double)1.0, // upper limit on multipliers
1,WAIT,0);
else
obl_shapedgradient(crush_grad.name,crush_grad.duration,
crush_grad.amp,crush_grad.amp,crush_grad.amp,WAIT);
/* 180 degree pulse *******************************/
obl_shapedgradient(ss2_grad.name,ss2_grad.duration,0,0,ss2_grad.amp,NOWAIT);
delay(ss2_grad.rfDelayFront);
shapedpulselist(shapelist180,ss2_grad.rfDuration,vphase180,rof1,rof2,seqcon[1],vms_ctr);
delay(ss2_grad.rfDelayBack);
if (vcrush)
phase_encode3_oblshapedgradient(crush_grad.name,crush_grad.name,crush_grad.name,
crush_grad.duration,
(double)0,(double)0,(double)0, // base levels
crush_grad.amp*cscale,crush_grad.amp*cscale,crush_grad.amp*cscale, // step size
vcr1,vcr2,vcr3, // multipliers
(double)1.0,(double)1.0,(double)1.0, // upper limit on multipliers
1,WAIT,0);
else
obl_shapedgradient(crush_grad.name,crush_grad.duration,
crush_grad.amp,crush_grad.amp,crush_grad.amp,WAIT);
delay(del3);
/* DIFFUSION GRADIENT */
if (diff[0] == 'y')
obl_shapedgradient(diff_grad.name,diff_grad.duration,diff_grad.amp*dro,diff_grad.amp*dpe,diff_grad.amp*dsl,WAIT);
delay(del4);
/* Phase-encode gradient ******************************/
pe2_shapedgradient(pe_grad.name,pe_grad.duration,-ror_grad.amp,0,0,
-pe_grad.increment,-pe2_grad.increment,vpe_mult,vpe2_mult,WAIT);
/* Readout gradient ************************************/
obl_shapedgradient(ro_grad.name,ro_grad.duration,ro_grad.roamp,0,0,NOWAIT);
delay(ro_grad.atDelayFront);
/* Acquire data ****************************************/
startacq(10e-6);
acquire(np,1.0/sw);
endacq();
delay(ro_grad.atDelayBack);
/* Rewinding phase-encode gradient ********************/
pe2_shapedgradient(pe_grad.name,pe_grad.duration,0,0,0,
pe_grad.increment,pe2_grad.increment,vpe_mult,vpe2_mult,WAIT);
/* Second half-TE delay *******************************/
delay(te3_delay);
/*****************************************************/
/* LOOP THROUGH THE REST OF ETL **********************/
/*****************************************************/
peloop(seqcon[2],etlnav,vetl_loop,vetl_ctr);
ifzero(vacquire); // real acquisition, get PE multiplier from table
mult(vseg_ctr,vetl,vpe_ctr);
add(vpe_ctr,vetl_ctr,vpe_ctr);
add(vpe_ctr,one,vpe_ctr);
getelem(t1,vpe_ctr,vpe_mult);
elsenz(vacquire); // steady state scan
assign(zero,vpe_mult);
endif(vacquire);
/* But don't phase encode navigator echoes */
ifrtGE(vetl_ctr,vetl1,vnav);
assign(zero,vpe_mult);
endif(vnav);
/* Variable crusher */
incr(vcr_ctr); /* Get next crusher level */
/* Except if we're doing navigators, start over */
sub(vetl1,vetl_ctr,vcr_reset);
ifzero(vcr_reset);
assign(zero,vcr_ctr);
endif(vcr_reset);
getelem(t5,vcr_ctr,vcr1);
getelem(t6,vcr_ctr,vcr2);
getelem(t7,vcr_ctr,vcr3);
phase_encode3_oblshapedgradient(crush_grad.name,crush_grad.name,crush_grad.name,
crush_grad.duration,
(double)0,(double)0,(double)0, // base levels
crush_grad.amp,crush_grad.amp,crush_grad.amp, // step size
vcr1,vcr2,vcr3, // multipliers
(double)1.0,(double)1.0,(double)1.0, // upper limit on multipliers
1,WAIT,0);
/* 180 degree pulse *******************************/
obl_shapedgradient(ss2_grad.name,ss2_grad.duration,0,0,ss2_grad.amp,NOWAIT);
delay(ss2_grad.rfDelayFront);
shapedpulselist(shapelist180,ss2_grad.rfDuration,vphase180,rof1,rof2,seqcon[1],vms_ctr);
delay(ss2_grad.rfDelayBack);
/* Variable crusher */
phase_encode3_oblshapedgradient(crush_grad.name,crush_grad.name,crush_grad.name,
crush_grad.duration,
(double)0,(double)0,(double)0, // base levels
crush_grad.amp,crush_grad.amp,crush_grad.amp, // step size
vcr1,vcr2,vcr3, // multipliers
(double)1.0,(double)1.0,(double)1.0, // upper limit on multipliers
1,WAIT,0);
/* Phase-encode gradient ******************************/
pe2_shapedgradient(pe_grad.name,pe_grad.duration,0,0,0,
-pe_grad.increment,-pe2_grad.increment,vpe_mult,vpe2_mult,WAIT);
/* Second half-TE period ******************************/
delay(te2_delay);
/* Readout gradient ************************************/
obl_shapedgradient(ro_grad.name,ro_grad.duration,ro_grad.roamp,0,0,NOWAIT);
delay(ro_grad.atDelayFront);
startacq(10e-6);
acquire(np,1.0/sw);
endacq();
delay(ro_grad.atDelayBack);
/* Rewinding phase-encode gradient ********************/
pe2_shapedgradient(pe_grad.name,pe_grad.duration,0,0,0,
pe_grad.increment,pe2_grad.increment,vpe_mult,vpe2_mult,WAIT);
/* Second half-TE delay *******************************/
delay(te3_delay);
endpeloop(seqcon[2],vetl_ctr);
/* Relaxation delay ***********************************/
if (!trtype)
delay(tr_delay);
endmsloop(seqcon[1],vms_ctr);
if (trtype)
delay(ns*tr_delay);
endloop(vseg_ctr);
endpeloop(seqcon[3],vpe2_ctr);
/* Inter-image delay **********************************/
sub(ntrt,ct,vtrimage);
decr(vtrimage);
ifzero(vtrimage);
delay(trimage);
endif(vtrimage);
}
pulsesequence() {
/* Internal variable declarations *************************/
int shapelist90,shapelist180;
int table = 0;
double tau1,tau2,tau3,te1_delay,te2_delay,te3_delay,tr_delay;
double freq90[MAXNSLICE],freq180[MAXNSLICE];
double thk2fact,crush_step,neby2,crush_ind;
int suppressSTE,*crushtab;
char crushmod[MAXSTR];
int i;
/* Real-time variables used in this sequence **************/
int vpe_steps = v1; // Number of PE steps
int vpe_ctr = v2; // PE loop counter
int vpe_mult = v3; // PE multiplier, ranges from -PE/2 to PE/2
int vpe_offset = v4; // PE/2 for non-table offset
int vms_slices = v5; // Number of slices
int vms_ctr = v6; // Slice loop counter
int vne = v7; // Number of echoes
int vne_ctr = v8; // Echo loop counter
int vssc = v9; // Compressed steady-states
int vtrimage = v10; // Counts down from nt, trimage delay when 0
int vacquire = v11; // Argument for setacqvar, to skip steady state acquires
int vphase90 = v12; // Phase of 90 degree excitation pulse
int vphase180 = v13; // Phase of 180 degree refocusing pulse
int vphindex = v14; // Phase cycle index
int vneindex = v15; // Echo index, odd or even
int vcrush = v16; // Crusher modulation
int vtrigblock = v17; // Number of slices per trigger block
/* Initialize paramaters **********************************/
init_mri();
getstr("crushmod",crushmod);
suppressSTE=getval("suppressSTE");
/* Load external PE table ********************************/
if (strcmp(petable,"n") && strcmp(petable,"N") && strcmp(petable,"")) {
loadtable(petable);
table = 1;
}
/* RF Power & Bandwidth Calculations **********************/
shape_rf(&p1_rf,"p1",p1pat,p1,flip1,rof1,rof2);
shape_rf(&p2_rf,"p2",p2pat,p2,flip2,rof1,rof2);
calc_rf(&p1_rf,"tpwr1","tpwr1f");
calc_rf(&p2_rf,"tpwr2","tpwr2f");
/* Calculate thk2fact to ensure gss=gss2 for the choice of p1 and p2
so that the sequence remains robust in the absence of correct
balancing of slice select and slice refocus gradients */
thk2fact=p2_rf.bandwidth/p1_rf.bandwidth;
putvalue("thk2fact",thk2fact);
/* Initialize gradient structures *************************/
init_readout(&ro_grad,"ro",lro,np,sw);
ro_grad.pad1=alfa; ro_grad.pad2=alfa;
init_readout_refocus(&ror_grad,"ror");
init_phase(&pe_grad,"pe",lpe,nv);
init_slice(&ss_grad,"ss",thk);
init_slice(&ss2_grad,"ss2",thk*thk2fact);
init_slice_refocus(&ssr_grad,"ssr");
init_generic(&crush_grad,"crush",gcrush,tcrush);
/* Gradient calculations **********************************/
calc_readout(&ro_grad,WRITE,"gro","sw","at");
calc_readout_refocus(&ror_grad,&ro_grad,NOWRITE,"gror");
calc_phase(&pe_grad,WRITE,"gpe","tpe");
calc_slice(&ss_grad,&p1_rf,WRITE,"gss");
calc_slice(&ss2_grad,&p2_rf,WRITE,"");
calc_slice_refocus(&ssr_grad,&ss_grad,NOWRITE,"gssr");
calc_generic(&crush_grad,WRITE,"","");
/* Equalize slice refocus and PE gradient durations *******/
calc_sim_gradient(&ror_grad,&null_grad,&ssr_grad,0.0,WRITE);
/* Create optional prepulse events ************************/
if (sat[0] == 'y') create_satbands();
if (fsat[0] == 'y') create_fatsat();
if (mt[0] == 'y') create_mtc();
if (ir[0] == 'y') create_inversion_recovery();
sgl_error_check(sglerror);
/* Set up frequency offset pulse shape list ********/
offsetlist(pss,ss_grad.amp,0,freq90,ns,seqcon[1]);
offsetlist(pss,ss2_grad.ssamp,0,freq180,ns,seqcon[1]);
shapelist90 = shapelist(p1_rf.pulseName,ss_grad.rfDuration,freq90,ns,ss_grad.rfFraction,seqcon[1]);
shapelist180 = shapelist(p2_rf.pulseName,ss2_grad.rfDuration,freq180,ns,ss2_grad.rfFraction,seqcon[1]);
/* To ensure proper overlap spin and stimulated echoes ensure that the
middle of the refocusing RF pulse is the centre of the pulse and that
echoes are formed in the centre of the acquisition window */
if (ss2_grad.rfFraction != 0.5)
abort_message("ERROR %s: Refocusing RF pulse must be symmetric (RF fraction = %.2f)",
seqfil,ss2_grad.rfFraction);
if (ro_grad.echoFraction != 1)
abort_message("ERROR %s: Echo Fraction must be 1",seqfil);
/* Find sum of all events in each half-echo period ********/
tau1 = ss_grad.rfCenterBack + ssr_grad.duration + crush_grad.duration + ss2_grad.rfCenterFront;
tau2 = ss2_grad.rfCenterBack + pe_grad.duration + crush_grad.duration + ro_grad.timeToEcho;
tau3 = ro_grad.timeFromEcho + pe_grad.duration + crush_grad.duration + ss2_grad.rfCenterFront;
espmin = 2*MAX(MAX(tau1,tau2),tau3); // Minimum echo spacing
espmin += 2*GRADIENT_RES; // Ensure that each delay is at least GRADIENT_RES
te = granularity(te,2*GRADIENT_RES);
if (minesp[0] == 'y') {
te = espmin;
putvalue("te",te);
}
if (FP_LT(te,espmin)) {
abort_message("ERROR %s: Echo time too small, minimum is %.3fms\n",seqfil,espmin*1000);
}
te1_delay = te/2.0 - tau1; // Intra-esp delays
te2_delay = te/2.0 - tau2;
te3_delay = te/2.0 - tau3;
/* Now set the TE processing array accordingly */
putCmd("TE = 0"); /* Re-initialize TE */
for (i=0;i<ne;i++) putCmd("TE[%d] = %f",i+1,te*1000*(i+1));
/* Check nsblock, the number of slices blocked together
(used for triggering and/or inversion recovery) */
check_nsblock();
/* Minimum TR **************************************/
trmin = ss_grad.rfCenterFront + ne*te + ro_grad.timeFromEcho + pe_grad.duration + te3_delay + 2*GRADIENT_RES;
/* Increase TR if any options are selected *********/
if (sat[0] == 'y') trmin += satTime;
if (fsat[0] == 'y') trmin += fsatTime;
if (mt[0] == 'y') trmin += mtTime;
if (ticks > 0) trmin += GRADIENT_RES;
/* Adjust for all slices ***************************/
trmin *= ns;
/* Inversion recovery *********************************/
if (ir[0] == 'y') {
/* tauti is the additional time beyond IR component to be included in ti */
/* satTime, fsatTime and mtTime all included as those modules will be after IR */
tauti = satTime + fsatTime + mtTime + GRADIENT_RES + ss_grad.rfCenterFront;
/* calc_irTime checks ti and returns the time of all IR components */
trmin += calc_irTime(tauti,trmin,mintr[0],tr,&trtype);
}
if (mintr[0] == 'y') {
tr = trmin;
putvalue("tr",tr);
}
if (FP_LT(tr,trmin)) {
abort_message("ERROR %s: TR too short, minimum TR is %.3fms\n",seqfil,trmin*1000);
}
/* Calculate tr delay */
tr_delay = granularity((tr-trmin)/ns,GRADIENT_RES);
/* Set pe_steps for profile or full image **********/
pe_steps = prep_profile(profile[0],nv,&pe_grad,&per_grad);
F_initval(pe_steps/2.0,vpe_offset);
/* Shift DDR for pro ************************************/
roff = -poffset(pro,ro_grad.roamp);
/* Adjust experiment time for VnmrJ *********************/
if (ssc<0) {
if (seqcon[2] == 'c') g_setExpTime(trmean*(ntmean*pe_steps*arraydim - ssc*arraydim));
else g_setExpTime(trmean*(ntmean*pe_steps*arraydim - ssc*pe_steps*arraydim));
}
else g_setExpTime(trmean*ntmean*pe_steps*arraydim + tr*ssc);
/* Set phase cycle tables */
if (suppressSTE) {
if ((int)nt%2 == 1)
abort_message("STE suppression requires a 2 step phase cycle. Set nt as a multiple of 2\n");
settable(t2,4,phref1s);
settable(t3,4,phref2s);
settable(t4,4,phrec1s);
settable(t5,4,phrec2s);
} else {
settable(t2,4,phref1);
settable(t3,4,phref2);
settable(t4,4,phrec1);
settable(t5,4,phrec2);
}
/* Set crusher table */
crushtab=malloc((int)ne*sizeof(int));
neby2=ceil(ne/2.0 - US); // US to handle precision errors
crush_step=gcrush/neby2;
for (i=0; i<ne; i++) {
crush_ind = (1.0-2.0*(i%2))*(neby2-floor(i/2));
crushtab[i] = (int)(crush_ind);
}
settable(t6,(int)ne,crushtab);
/* PULSE SEQUENCE ***************************************/
status(A);
rotate();
triggerSelect(trigger); // Select trigger input 1/2/3
obsoffset(resto);
delay(GRADIENT_RES);
initval(fabs(ssc),vssc); // Compressed steady-state counter
if (seqcon[2]=='s') assign(zero,vssc); // Zero for standard peloop
assign(one,vacquire); // real-time acquire flag
setacqvar(vacquire); // Turn on acquire when vacquire is zero
/* Phase for excitation pulse */
assign(zero,vphase90);
/* trigger */
if (ticks > 0) F_initval((double)nsblock,vtrigblock);
/* Begin phase-encode loop ****************************/
peloop(seqcon[2],pe_steps,vpe_steps,vpe_ctr);
if (trtype) delay(ns*tr_delay); // relaxation delay
/* Compressed steady-states: 1st array & transient, all arrays if ssc is negative */
if ((ix > 1) && (ssc > 0))
assign(zero,vssc);
sub(vpe_ctr,vssc,vpe_ctr); // vpe_ctr counts up from -ssc
assign(zero,vssc);
if (seqcon[2] == 's')
assign(zero,vacquire); // Always acquire for non-compressed loop
else {
ifzero(vpe_ctr);
assign(zero,vacquire); // Start acquiring when vpe_ctr reaches zero
endif(vpe_ctr);
}
/* Read external kspace table if set ******************/
if (table)
getelem(t1,vpe_ctr,vpe_mult);
else {
ifzero(vacquire);
sub(vpe_ctr,vpe_offset,vpe_mult);
elsenz(vacquire);
sub(zero,vpe_offset,vpe_mult); // Hold PE mult at initial value for steady states
endif(vacquire);
}
msloop(seqcon[1],ns,vms_slices,vms_ctr);
if (!trtype) delay(tr_delay); // Relaxation delay
if (ticks > 0) {
modn(vms_ctr,vtrigblock,vtest);
ifzero(vtest); // if the beginning of an trigger block
xgate(ticks);
grad_advance(gpropdelay);
delay(GRADIENT_RES);
elsenz(vtest);
delay(GRADIENT_RES);
endif(vtest);
}
sp1on(); delay(GRADIENT_RES); sp1off(); // Scope trigger
/* Prepulse options ***********************************/
if (ir[0] == 'y') inversion_recovery();
if (sat[0] == 'y') satbands();
if (fsat[0] == 'y') fatsat();
if (mt[0] == 'y') mtc();
/* 90 degree pulse ************************************/
obspower(p1_rf.powerCoarse);
obspwrf(p1_rf.powerFine);
delay(GRADIENT_RES);
obl_shapedgradient(ss_grad.name,ss_grad.duration,0,0,ss_grad.amp,NOWAIT);
delay(ss_grad.rfDelayFront);
shapedpulselist(shapelist90,ss_grad.rfDuration,vphase90,rof1,rof2,seqcon[1],vms_ctr);
delay(ss_grad.rfDelayBack);
/* Slice refocus **************************************/
obl_shapedgradient(ssr_grad.name,ssr_grad.duration,ror_grad.amp,0.0,-ssr_grad.amp,WAIT);
/* First half-TE delay ********************************/
obspower(p2_rf.powerCoarse);
obspwrf(p2_rf.powerFine);
delay(te1_delay);
F_initval(ne,vne);
loop(vne,vne_ctr);
/* Phase cycle for refocusing pulse and receiver */
mod4(ct,vphindex);
mod2(vne_ctr,vneindex);
ifzero(vneindex);
getelem(t2,vphindex,vphase180);
getelem(t4,vphindex,oph);
elsenz(vneindex);
getelem(t3,vphindex,vphase180);
getelem(t5,vphindex,oph);
endif(vneindex);
/* Crusher gradient modulation */
assign(one,vcrush);
if (crushmod[0] == 'y') {
assign(zero,vcrush);
ifzero(vneindex);
add(vcrush,one,vcrush);
elsenz(vneindex);
sub(vcrush,one,vcrush);
endif(vneindex);
}
if (crushmod[0] == 'p') {
getelem(t6,vne_ctr,vcrush);
crush_grad.amp=crush_step;
}
/* 180 degree pulse *******************************/
if (crushmod[0] == 'y' || crushmod[0] == 'p')
var3_shapedgradient(crush_grad.name,crush_grad.duration,0.0,0.0,0.0,0.0,0.0,crush_grad.amp,zero,zero,vcrush,WAIT);
else
obl_shapedgradient(crush_grad.name,crush_grad.duration,crush_grad.amp,0,crush_grad.amp,WAIT);
obl_shapedgradient(ss2_grad.name,ss2_grad.duration,0,0,ss2_grad.amp,NOWAIT);
delay(ss2_grad.rfDelayFront);
shapedpulselist(shapelist180,ss2_grad.rfDuration,vphase180,rof1,rof2,seqcon[1],vms_ctr);
delay(ss2_grad.rfDelayBack);
if (crushmod[0] == 'y' || crushmod[0] == 'p')
var3_shapedgradient(crush_grad.name,crush_grad.duration,0.0,0.0,0.0,0.0,0.0,crush_grad.amp,zero,zero,vcrush,WAIT);
else
obl_shapedgradient(crush_grad.name,crush_grad.duration,crush_grad.amp,0,crush_grad.amp,WAIT);
/* Second half-TE period ******************************/
delay(te2_delay);
/* Phase-encode gradient ******************************/
pe_shapedgradient(pe_grad.name,pe_grad.duration,0,0,0,-pe_grad.increment,vpe_mult,WAIT);
/* Readout gradient ************************************/
obl_shapedgradient(ro_grad.name,ro_grad.duration,ro_grad.roamp,0,0,NOWAIT);
delay(ro_grad.atDelayFront-alfa);
/* Acquire data ****************************************/
startacq(alfa);
acquire(np,1.0/sw);
endacq();
delay(ro_grad.atDelayBack);
/* Rewinding phase-encode gradient ********************/
pe_shapedgradient(pe_grad.name,pe_grad.duration,0,0,0,pe_grad.increment,vpe_mult,WAIT);
/* Second half-TE delay *******************************/
delay(te3_delay);
endloop(vne_ctr);
endmsloop(seqcon[1],vms_ctr);
endpeloop(seqcon[2],vpe_ctr);
/* Inter-image delay **********************************/
sub(ntrt,ct,vtrimage);
decr(vtrimage);
ifzero(vtrimage);
delay(trimage);
endif(vtrimage);
}