DirectLightingIntegrator::DirectLightingIntegrator(
const ShadingContext& shading_context,
const LightSampler& light_sampler,
const Vector3d& point,
const Vector3d& geometric_normal,
const Basis3d& shading_basis,
const double time,
const Vector3d& outgoing,
const BSDF& bsdf,
const void* bsdf_data,
const int bsdf_modes,
const size_t bsdf_sample_count,
const size_t light_sample_count,
const ShadingPoint* parent_shading_point)
: m_shading_context(shading_context)
, m_light_sampler(light_sampler)
, m_point(point)
, m_geometric_normal(geometric_normal)
, m_shading_basis(shading_basis)
, m_time(time)
, m_outgoing(outgoing)
, m_bsdf(bsdf)
, m_bsdf_data(bsdf_data)
, m_bsdf_modes(bsdf_modes)
, m_bsdf_sample_count(bsdf_sample_count)
, m_light_sample_count(light_sample_count)
, m_parent_shading_point(parent_shading_point)
{
assert(is_normalized(geometric_normal));
assert(is_normalized(outgoing));
}
void throttle_cb(const std_msgs::Float64::ConstPtr &req) {
float throttle_normalized = req->data;
// note: && are lazy, is_normalized() should be called only if reverse_throttle are true.
if (reverse_throttle && !is_normalized(throttle_normalized, -1.0, 1.0))
return;
else if (!is_normalized(throttle_normalized, 0.0, 1.0))
return;
send_attitude_throttle(throttle_normalized);
}
void attitude_twist_cb(const geometry_msgs::TwistStamped::ConstPtr &req, const mavros_msgs::Thrust::ConstPtr &thrust_msg) {
Eigen::Vector3d ang_vel;
tf::vectorMsgToEigen(req->twist.angular, ang_vel);
if (is_normalized(thrust_msg->thrust))
send_attitude_ang_velocity(req->header.stamp, ang_vel, thrust_msg->thrust);
}
DirectLightingIntegrator::DirectLightingIntegrator(
const ShadingContext& shading_context,
const LightSampler& light_sampler,
const PathVertex& vertex,
const int bsdf_sampling_modes,
const int light_sampling_modes,
const size_t bsdf_sample_count,
const size_t light_sample_count,
const bool indirect)
: m_shading_context(shading_context)
, m_light_sampler(light_sampler)
, m_shading_point(*vertex.m_shading_point)
, m_point(vertex.get_point())
, m_geometric_normal(vertex.get_geometric_normal())
, m_shading_basis(vertex.get_shading_basis())
, m_time(vertex.get_time())
, m_outgoing(vertex.m_outgoing)
, m_bsdf(*vertex.m_bsdf)
, m_bsdf_data(vertex.m_bsdf_data)
, m_bsdf_sampling_modes(bsdf_sampling_modes)
, m_light_sampling_modes(light_sampling_modes)
, m_bsdf_sample_count(bsdf_sample_count)
, m_light_sample_count(light_sample_count)
, m_indirect(indirect)
{
assert(is_normalized(vertex.m_outgoing));
}
bool CodeInterval::update(const Interval& symbol) throw(not_normalized, invalid_symbol)
{
if(!is_normalized()) {
throw not_normalized("Interval must be normalized before update.");
}
if(symbol.range < 3 || symbol.base + symbol.range < symbol.base) {
throw invalid_symbol("Invalid symbol interval.");
}
// Calculate the new base
uint64 h, l;
std::tie(h, l) = mul128(symbol.base, range);
std::tie(h, l) = add128(h, l, symbol.base);
const uint64 t = h + (l > 0 ? 1 : 0);
base += t;
// Calculate the new range
std::tie(h, l) = mul128(symbol.base + symbol.range, range);
std::tie(h, l) = add128(h, l, symbol.base + symbol.range);
std::tie(h, l) = add128(h, l, range);
std::tie(h, l) = add128(h, l, 1);
range = h - t - 1;
// Return carry
return base < t;
}
void attitude_pose_cb(const geometry_msgs::PoseStamped::ConstPtr &pose_msg, const mavros_msgs::Thrust::ConstPtr &thrust_msg) {
Eigen::Affine3d tr;
tf::poseMsgToEigen(pose_msg->pose, tr);
if (is_normalized(thrust_msg->thrust))
send_attitude_quaternion(pose_msg->header.stamp, tr, thrust_msg->thrust);
}
DirectLightingIntegrator::DirectLightingIntegrator(
const ShadingContext& shading_context,
const LightSampler& light_sampler,
const ShadingPoint& shading_point,
const Vector3d& outgoing,
const BSDF& bsdf,
const void* bsdf_data,
const int bsdf_sampling_modes,
const int light_sampling_modes,
const size_t bsdf_sample_count,
const size_t light_sample_count,
const bool indirect)
: m_shading_context(shading_context)
, m_light_sampler(light_sampler)
, m_shading_point(shading_point)
, m_point(shading_point.get_point())
, m_geometric_normal(shading_point.get_geometric_normal())
, m_shading_basis(shading_point.get_shading_basis())
, m_time(shading_point.get_time())
, m_outgoing(outgoing)
, m_bsdf(bsdf)
, m_bsdf_data(bsdf_data)
, m_bsdf_sampling_modes(bsdf_sampling_modes)
, m_light_sampling_modes(light_sampling_modes)
, m_bsdf_sample_count(bsdf_sample_count)
, m_light_sample_count(light_sample_count)
, m_indirect(indirect)
{
assert(is_normalized(outgoing));
}
bool
is_normalized (
path_array const& pathname
)
{
DecoderT<path_array::object_type> decoder(pathname);
return is_normalized(decoder);
}
Scanline::Scanline(const vector3& origin, const vector3& direction, const vector3& lateral_dir, float timestamp) :
origin(origin), direction(direction), lateral_dir(lateral_dir), timestamp(timestamp) {
elevational_dir = lateral_dir.cross(direction);
// TODO: Should all vectors be normalized here?
if (!is_orthogonal()) throw std::runtime_error("Invalid Scanline: Not orthogonal unit vectors");
if (!is_normalized()) throw std::runtime_error("Invalid Scanline: Not unit length vectors");
}
void compute_ibl(
SamplingContext& sampling_context,
const ShadingContext& shading_context,
const EnvironmentEDF& environment_edf,
const ShadingPoint& shading_point,
const Vector3d& outgoing,
const BSDF& bsdf,
const void* bsdf_data,
const int bsdf_sampling_modes,
const int env_sampling_modes,
const size_t bsdf_sample_count,
const size_t env_sample_count,
Spectrum& radiance)
{
assert(is_normalized(outgoing));
// Compute IBL by sampling the BSDF.
compute_ibl_bsdf_sampling(
sampling_context,
shading_context,
environment_edf,
shading_point,
outgoing,
bsdf,
bsdf_data,
bsdf_sampling_modes,
bsdf_sample_count,
env_sample_count,
radiance);
// Compute IBL by sampling the environment.
Spectrum radiance_env_sampling;
compute_ibl_environment_sampling(
sampling_context,
shading_context,
environment_edf,
shading_point,
outgoing,
bsdf,
bsdf_data,
env_sampling_modes,
bsdf_sample_count,
env_sample_count,
radiance_env_sampling);
radiance += radiance_env_sampling;
}
void compute_ibl(
SamplingContext& sampling_context,
const ShadingContext& shading_context,
const EnvironmentEDF& environment_edf,
const BSSRDF& bssrdf,
const void* bssrdf_data,
const ShadingPoint& incoming_point,
const ShadingPoint& outgoing_point,
const Dual3d& outgoing,
const size_t bssrdf_sample_count,
const size_t env_sample_count,
Spectrum& radiance)
{
assert(is_normalized(outgoing.get_value()));
// Compute IBL by sampling the BSSRDF.
compute_ibl_bssrdf_sampling(
sampling_context,
shading_context,
environment_edf,
bssrdf,
bssrdf_data,
incoming_point,
outgoing_point,
outgoing,
bssrdf_sample_count,
env_sample_count,
radiance);
// Compute IBL by sampling the environment.
Spectrum radiance_env_sampling;
compute_ibl_environment_sampling(
sampling_context,
shading_context,
environment_edf,
bssrdf,
bssrdf_data,
incoming_point,
outgoing_point,
outgoing,
bssrdf_sample_count,
env_sample_count,
radiance_env_sampling);
radiance += radiance_env_sampling;
}
Interval::uint64 CodeInterval::descale(Interval::uint64 value) const throw(not_normalized, range_error)
{
if(!is_normalized()) {
throw not_normalized("Interval must be normalized before descale.");
}
if(!includes(value)) {
throw range_error("Value not in interval.");
}
// value = (value - base) · 2⁶⁴ / (range + 1)
if(range == max) {
return value - base;
} else {
assert(value - base < range + 1);
std::uint64_t q, r;
std::tie(q, r) = div128(value - base, 0, range + 1);
q += (r >= msb) ? 1 : 0;
return q;
}
}
path_t &operator+=(const char *path)
{
if (!path || *path == '\0')
return *this;
char *ns = (char *)::malloc(length() + ::strlen(path) + 2);
::strcpy(ns, p.get());
::strcat(ns, "/");
::strcat(ns, path);
if (is_normalized(ns))
reset(ns);
else
{
reset(normalize(ns));
::free((void*)ns);
}
return *this;
}
bool quat_is_normalized_with_eps(const Quaternion<T>& q, const T eps)
{
return is_normalized(q, eps);
}
bool quat_is_normalized(const Quaternion<T>& q)
{
return is_normalized(q);
}
void compute_ibl_bsdf_sampling(
SamplingContext& sampling_context,
const ShadingContext& shading_context,
const EnvironmentEDF& environment_edf,
const ShadingPoint& shading_point,
const Vector3d& outgoing,
const BSDF& bsdf,
const void* bsdf_data,
const int bsdf_sampling_modes,
const size_t bsdf_sample_count,
const size_t env_sample_count,
Spectrum& radiance)
{
assert(is_normalized(outgoing));
const Vector3d& geometric_normal = shading_point.get_geometric_normal();
const Basis3d& shading_basis = shading_point.get_shading_basis();
radiance.set(0.0f);
for (size_t i = 0; i < bsdf_sample_count; ++i)
{
// Sample the BSDF.
// todo: rendering will be incorrect if the BSDF value returned by the sample() method
// includes the contribution of a specular component since these are explicitly rejected
// afterward. We need a mechanism to indicate that we want the contribution of some of
// the components only.
Vector3d incoming;
Spectrum bsdf_value;
double bsdf_prob;
const BSDF::Mode bsdf_mode =
bsdf.sample(
sampling_context,
bsdf_data,
false, // not adjoint
true, // multiply by |cos(incoming, normal)|
geometric_normal,
shading_basis,
outgoing,
incoming,
bsdf_value,
bsdf_prob);
// Filter scattering modes.
if (!(bsdf_sampling_modes & bsdf_mode))
return;
// Discard occluded samples.
const double transmission =
shading_context.get_tracer().trace(
shading_point,
incoming,
ShadingRay::ShadowRay);
if (transmission == 0.0)
continue;
// Evaluate the environment's EDF.
InputEvaluator input_evaluator(shading_context.get_texture_cache());
Spectrum env_value;
double env_prob;
environment_edf.evaluate(
input_evaluator,
incoming,
env_value,
env_prob);
// Apply all weights, including MIS weight.
if (bsdf_mode == BSDF::Specular)
env_value *= static_cast<float>(transmission);
else
{
const double mis_weight =
mis_power2(
bsdf_sample_count * bsdf_prob,
env_sample_count * env_prob);
env_value *= static_cast<float>(transmission / bsdf_prob * mis_weight);
}
// Add the contribution of this sample to the illumination.
env_value *= bsdf_value;
radiance += env_value;
}
if (bsdf_sample_count > 1)
radiance /= static_cast<float>(bsdf_sample_count);
}
void compute_ibl_environment_sampling(
SamplingContext& sampling_context,
const ShadingContext& shading_context,
const EnvironmentEDF& environment_edf,
const ShadingPoint& shading_point,
const Vector3d& outgoing,
const BSDF& bsdf,
const void* bsdf_data,
const int env_sampling_modes,
const size_t bsdf_sample_count,
const size_t env_sample_count,
Spectrum& radiance)
{
assert(is_normalized(outgoing));
const Vector3d& geometric_normal = shading_point.get_geometric_normal();
const Basis3d& shading_basis = shading_point.get_shading_basis();
radiance.set(0.0f);
// todo: if we had a way to know that a BSDF is purely specular, we could
// immediately return black here since there will be no contribution from
// such a BSDF.
sampling_context.split_in_place(2, env_sample_count);
for (size_t i = 0; i < env_sample_count; ++i)
{
// Generate a uniform sample in [0,1)^2.
const Vector2d s = sampling_context.next_vector2<2>();
// Sample the environment.
InputEvaluator input_evaluator(shading_context.get_texture_cache());
Vector3d incoming;
Spectrum env_value;
double env_prob;
environment_edf.sample(
input_evaluator,
s,
incoming,
env_value,
env_prob);
// Cull samples behind the shading surface.
assert(is_normalized(incoming));
const double cos_in = dot(incoming, shading_basis.get_normal());
if (cos_in < 0.0)
continue;
// Discard occluded samples.
const double transmission =
shading_context.get_tracer().trace(
shading_point,
incoming,
ShadingRay::ShadowRay);
if (transmission == 0.0)
continue;
// Evaluate the BSDF.
Spectrum bsdf_value;
const double bsdf_prob =
bsdf.evaluate(
bsdf_data,
false, // not adjoint
true, // multiply by |cos(incoming, normal)|
geometric_normal,
shading_basis,
outgoing,
incoming,
env_sampling_modes,
bsdf_value);
if (bsdf_prob == 0.0)
continue;
// Compute MIS weight.
const double mis_weight =
mis_power2(
env_sample_count * env_prob,
bsdf_sample_count * bsdf_prob);
// Add the contribution of this sample to the illumination.
env_value *= static_cast<float>(transmission / env_prob * mis_weight);
env_value *= bsdf_value;
radiance += env_value;
}
if (env_sample_count > 1)
radiance /= static_cast<float>(env_sample_count);
}
bool Scanline::is_valid() const {
return (is_orthogonal() && is_normalized());
}
void ShadingPoint::fetch_source_geometry() const
{
assert(hit());
assert(!(m_members & HasSourceGeometry));
// Retrieve the assembly.
m_assembly = &m_assembly_instance->get_assembly();
// Retrieve the object instance.
m_object_instance = m_assembly->object_instances().get_by_index(m_object_instance_index);
assert(m_object_instance);
// Retrieve the object.
m_object = &m_object_instance->get_object();
// Retrieve the region kit of the object.
assert(m_region_kit_cache);
const RegionKit& region_kit =
*m_region_kit_cache->access(
m_object->get_uid(), m_object->get_region_kit());
// Retrieve the region.
const IRegion* region = region_kit[m_region_index];
// Retrieve the tessellation of the region.
assert(m_tess_cache);
const StaticTriangleTess& tess =
*m_tess_cache->access(
region->get_uid(), region->get_static_triangle_tess());
const size_t motion_segment_count = tess.get_motion_segment_count();
// Retrieve the triangle.
const Triangle& triangle = tess.m_primitives[m_triangle_index];
// Copy the index of the triangle attribute.
m_triangle_pa = triangle.m_pa;
// Copy the texture coordinates from UV set #0.
if (triangle.has_vertex_attributes() && tess.get_uv_vertex_count() > 0)
{
m_v0_uv = tess.get_uv_vertex(triangle.m_a0);
m_v1_uv = tess.get_uv_vertex(triangle.m_a1);
m_v2_uv = tess.get_uv_vertex(triangle.m_a2);
}
else
{
// UV set #0 doesn't exist, or this triangle doesn't have vertex attributes.
m_v0_uv =
m_v1_uv =
m_v2_uv = GVector2(0.0);
}
// Copy the object instance space triangle vertices.
assert(triangle.m_v0 != Triangle::None);
assert(triangle.m_v1 != Triangle::None);
assert(triangle.m_v2 != Triangle::None);
if (motion_segment_count > 0)
{
// Fetch triangle vertices from the previous pose.
const size_t prev_index = truncate<size_t>(m_ray.m_time * motion_segment_count);
GVector3 prev_v0, prev_v1, prev_v2;
if (prev_index == 0)
{
prev_v0 = tess.m_vertices[triangle.m_v0];
prev_v1 = tess.m_vertices[triangle.m_v1];
prev_v2 = tess.m_vertices[triangle.m_v2];
}
else
{
prev_v0 = tess.get_vertex_pose(triangle.m_v0, prev_index - 1);
prev_v1 = tess.get_vertex_pose(triangle.m_v1, prev_index - 1);
prev_v2 = tess.get_vertex_pose(triangle.m_v2, prev_index - 1);
}
// Fetch triangle vertices from the next pose.
const GVector3 next_v0 = tess.get_vertex_pose(triangle.m_v0, prev_index);
const GVector3 next_v1 = tess.get_vertex_pose(triangle.m_v1, prev_index);
const GVector3 next_v2 = tess.get_vertex_pose(triangle.m_v2, prev_index);
// Interpolate triangle vertices.
const GScalar k = static_cast<GScalar>(m_ray.m_time * motion_segment_count - prev_index);
m_v0 = (GScalar(1.0) - k) * prev_v0 + k * next_v0;
m_v1 = (GScalar(1.0) - k) * prev_v1 + k * next_v1;
m_v2 = (GScalar(1.0) - k) * prev_v2 + k * next_v2;
}
else
{
m_v0 = tess.m_vertices[triangle.m_v0];
m_v1 = tess.m_vertices[triangle.m_v1];
m_v2 = tess.m_vertices[triangle.m_v2];
}
// Copy the object instance space triangle vertex normals.
assert(triangle.m_n0 != Triangle::None);
assert(triangle.m_n1 != Triangle::None);
assert(triangle.m_n2 != Triangle::None);
m_n0 = tess.m_vertex_normals[triangle.m_n0];
m_n1 = tess.m_vertex_normals[triangle.m_n1];
m_n2 = tess.m_vertex_normals[triangle.m_n2];
assert(is_normalized(m_n0));
assert(is_normalized(m_n1));
assert(is_normalized(m_n2));
}
void LightSampler::collect_emitting_triangles(
const Assembly& assembly,
const AssemblyInstance& assembly_instance,
const TransformSequence& transform_sequence)
{
// Loop over the object instances of the assembly.
const size_t object_instance_count = assembly.object_instances().size();
for (size_t object_instance_index = 0; object_instance_index < object_instance_count; ++object_instance_index)
{
// Retrieve the object instance.
const ObjectInstance* object_instance = assembly.object_instances().get_by_index(object_instance_index);
// Retrieve the materials of the object instance.
const MaterialArray& front_materials = object_instance->get_front_materials();
const MaterialArray& back_materials = object_instance->get_back_materials();
// Skip object instances without light-emitting materials.
if (!has_emitting_materials(front_materials) && !has_emitting_materials(back_materials))
continue;
double object_area = 0.0;
// Compute the object space to world space transformation.
// todo: add support for moving light-emitters.
const Transformd& object_instance_transform = object_instance->get_transform();
const Transformd& assembly_instance_transform = transform_sequence.get_earliest_transform();
const Transformd global_transform = assembly_instance_transform * object_instance_transform;
// Retrieve the object.
Object& object = object_instance->get_object();
// Retrieve the region kit of the object.
Access<RegionKit> region_kit(&object.get_region_kit());
// Loop over the regions of the object.
const size_t region_count = region_kit->size();
for (size_t region_index = 0; region_index < region_count; ++region_index)
{
// Retrieve the region.
const IRegion* region = (*region_kit)[region_index];
// Retrieve the tessellation of the region.
Access<StaticTriangleTess> tess(®ion->get_static_triangle_tess());
// Loop over the triangles of the region.
const size_t triangle_count = tess->m_primitives.size();
for (size_t triangle_index = 0; triangle_index < triangle_count; ++triangle_index)
{
// Fetch the triangle.
const Triangle& triangle = tess->m_primitives[triangle_index];
// Skip triangles without a material.
if (triangle.m_pa == Triangle::None)
continue;
// Fetch the materials assigned to this triangle.
const size_t pa_index = static_cast<size_t>(triangle.m_pa);
const Material* front_material =
pa_index < front_materials.size() ? front_materials[pa_index] : 0;
const Material* back_material =
pa_index < back_materials.size() ? back_materials[pa_index] : 0;
// Skip triangles that don't emit light.
if ((front_material == 0 || front_material->has_emission() == false) &&
(back_material == 0 || back_material->has_emission() == false))
continue;
// Retrieve object instance space vertices of the triangle.
const GVector3& v0_os = tess->m_vertices[triangle.m_v0];
const GVector3& v1_os = tess->m_vertices[triangle.m_v1];
const GVector3& v2_os = tess->m_vertices[triangle.m_v2];
// Transform triangle vertices to assembly space.
const GVector3 v0_as = object_instance_transform.point_to_parent(v0_os);
const GVector3 v1_as = object_instance_transform.point_to_parent(v1_os);
const GVector3 v2_as = object_instance_transform.point_to_parent(v2_os);
// Compute the support plane of the hit triangle in assembly space.
const GTriangleType triangle_geometry(v0_as, v1_as, v2_as);
TriangleSupportPlaneType triangle_support_plane;
triangle_support_plane.initialize(TriangleType(triangle_geometry));
// Transform triangle vertices to world space.
const Vector3d v0(assembly_instance_transform.point_to_parent(v0_as));
const Vector3d v1(assembly_instance_transform.point_to_parent(v1_as));
const Vector3d v2(assembly_instance_transform.point_to_parent(v2_as));
// Compute the geometric normal to the triangle and the area of the triangle.
Vector3d geometric_normal = cross(v1 - v0, v2 - v0);
const double geometric_normal_norm = norm(geometric_normal);
if (geometric_normal_norm == 0.0)
continue;
const double rcp_geometric_normal_norm = 1.0 / geometric_normal_norm;
const double rcp_area = 2.0 * rcp_geometric_normal_norm;
const double area = 0.5 * geometric_normal_norm;
geometric_normal *= rcp_geometric_normal_norm;
assert(is_normalized(geometric_normal));
// Retrieve object instance space vertex normals.
Vector3d n0_os, n1_os, n2_os;
if (triangle.m_n0 != Triangle::None &&
triangle.m_n1 != Triangle::None &&
triangle.m_n2 != Triangle::None)
{
n0_os = Vector3d(tess->m_vertex_normals[triangle.m_n0]);
n1_os = Vector3d(tess->m_vertex_normals[triangle.m_n1]);
n2_os = Vector3d(tess->m_vertex_normals[triangle.m_n2]);
}
else
n0_os = n1_os = n2_os = geometric_normal;
// Transform vertex normals to world space.
const Vector3d n0(normalize(global_transform.normal_to_parent(n0_os)));
const Vector3d n1(normalize(global_transform.normal_to_parent(n1_os)));
const Vector3d n2(normalize(global_transform.normal_to_parent(n2_os)));
for (size_t side = 0; side < 2; ++side)
{
// Retrieve the material; skip sides without a material or without emission.
const Material* material = side == 0 ? front_material : back_material;
if (material == 0 || material->has_emission() == false)
continue;
// Retrieve the EDF and get the importance multiplier.
double importance_multiplier = 1.0;
if (const EDF* edf = material->get_uncached_edf())
importance_multiplier = edf->get_uncached_importance_multiplier();
// Accumulate the object area for OSL shaders.
object_area += area;
// Compute the probability density of this triangle.
const double triangle_importance = m_params.m_importance_sampling ? area : 1.0;
const double triangle_prob = triangle_importance * importance_multiplier;
// Create a light-emitting triangle.
EmittingTriangle emitting_triangle;
emitting_triangle.m_assembly_instance = &assembly_instance;
emitting_triangle.m_object_instance_index = object_instance_index;
emitting_triangle.m_region_index = region_index;
emitting_triangle.m_triangle_index = triangle_index;
emitting_triangle.m_v0 = v0;
emitting_triangle.m_v1 = v1;
emitting_triangle.m_v2 = v2;
emitting_triangle.m_n0 = side == 0 ? n0 : -n0;
emitting_triangle.m_n1 = side == 0 ? n1 : -n1;
emitting_triangle.m_n2 = side == 0 ? n2 : -n2;
emitting_triangle.m_geometric_normal = side == 0 ? geometric_normal : -geometric_normal;
emitting_triangle.m_triangle_support_plane = triangle_support_plane;
emitting_triangle.m_rcp_area = rcp_area;
emitting_triangle.m_triangle_prob = 0.0; // will be initialized once the emitting triangle CDF is built
emitting_triangle.m_material = material;
// Store the light-emitting triangle.
const size_t emitting_triangle_index = m_emitting_triangles.size();
m_emitting_triangles.push_back(emitting_triangle);
// Insert the light-emitting triangle into the CDF.
m_emitting_triangles_cdf.insert(emitting_triangle_index, triangle_prob);
}
}
}
#ifdef APPLESEED_WITH_OSL
store_object_area_in_shadergroups(
&assembly_instance,
object_instance,
object_area,
front_materials);
store_object_area_in_shadergroups(
&assembly_instance,
object_instance,
object_area,
back_materials);
#endif
}
}
const ShadingPoint& Tracer::do_trace(
const Vector3d& origin,
const Vector3d& direction,
const ShadingRay::Time& ray_time,
const VisibilityFlags::Type ray_flags,
const ShadingRay::DepthType ray_depth,
float& transmission,
const ShadingPoint* parent_shading_point)
{
assert(is_normalized(direction));
transmission = 1.0f;
const ShadingPoint* shading_point_ptr = parent_shading_point;
size_t shading_point_index = 0;
Vector3d point = origin;
size_t iterations = 0;
while (true)
{
// Put a hard limit on the number of iterations.
if (++iterations >= m_max_iterations)
{
RENDERER_LOG_WARNING(
"reached hard iteration limit (%s), breaking trace loop.",
pretty_int(m_max_iterations).c_str());
break;
}
// Construct the visibility ray.
const ShadingRay ray(
point,
direction,
ray_time,
ray_flags,
ray_depth); // ray depth does not increase when passing through an alpha-mapped surface
// Trace the ray.
m_shading_points[shading_point_index].clear();
m_intersector.trace(
ray,
m_shading_points[shading_point_index],
shading_point_ptr);
// Update the pointers to the shading points.
shading_point_ptr = &m_shading_points[shading_point_index];
shading_point_index = 1 - shading_point_index;
// Stop if the ray escaped the scene.
if (!shading_point_ptr->hit())
break;
// Retrieve the material at the shading point.
const Material* material = shading_point_ptr->get_material();
if (material == 0)
break;
Alpha alpha;
evaluate_alpha(*material, *shading_point_ptr, alpha);
// Stop at the first fully opaque occluder.
if (alpha[0] >= 1.0f)
break;
// Update the transmission factor.
transmission *= 1.0f - alpha[0];
// Stop once we hit full opacity.
if (transmission < m_transmission_threshold)
break;
// Move past this partial occluder.
point = shading_point_ptr->get_point();
}
return *shading_point_ptr;
}
void compute_ibl_bssrdf_sampling(
SamplingContext& sampling_context,
const ShadingContext& shading_context,
const EnvironmentEDF& environment_edf,
const BSSRDF& bssrdf,
const void* bssrdf_data,
const ShadingPoint& incoming_point,
const ShadingPoint& outgoing_point,
const Dual3d& outgoing,
const size_t bssrdf_sample_count,
const size_t env_sample_count,
Spectrum& radiance)
{
assert(is_normalized(outgoing.get_value()));
radiance.set(0.0f);
sampling_context.split_in_place(2, bssrdf_sample_count);
for (size_t i = 0; i < bssrdf_sample_count; ++i)
{
// Generate a uniform sample in [0,1)^2.
const Vector2d s = sampling_context.next_vector2<2>();
// Sample the BSSRDF (hemisphere cosine).
Vector3d incoming = sample_hemisphere_cosine(s);
const double cos_in = incoming.y;
const double bssrdf_prob = cos_in * RcpPi;
incoming = incoming_point.get_shading_basis().transform_to_parent(incoming);
if (incoming_point.get_side() == ObjectInstance::BackSide)
incoming = -incoming;
assert(is_normalized(incoming));
// Discard occluded samples.
const double transmission =
shading_context.get_tracer().trace(
incoming_point,
incoming,
VisibilityFlags::ShadowRay);
if (transmission == 0.0)
continue;
// Evaluate the BSSRDF.
Spectrum bssrdf_value;
bssrdf.evaluate(
bssrdf_data,
outgoing_point,
outgoing.get_value(),
incoming_point,
incoming,
bssrdf_value);
// Evaluate the environment's EDF.
InputEvaluator input_evaluator(shading_context.get_texture_cache());
Spectrum env_value;
double env_prob;
environment_edf.evaluate(
shading_context,
input_evaluator,
incoming,
env_value,
env_prob);
// Compute MIS weight.
const double mis_weight =
mis_power2(
bssrdf_sample_count * bssrdf_prob,
env_sample_count * env_prob);
// Add the contribution of this sample to the illumination.
env_value *= static_cast<float>(transmission * cos_in / bssrdf_prob * mis_weight);
env_value *= bssrdf_value;
radiance += env_value;
}
if (bssrdf_sample_count > 1)
radiance /= static_cast<float>(bssrdf_sample_count);
}
void compute_ibl_environment_sampling(
SamplingContext& sampling_context,
const ShadingContext& shading_context,
const EnvironmentEDF& environment_edf,
const BSSRDF& bssrdf,
const void* bssrdf_data,
const ShadingPoint& incoming_point,
const ShadingPoint& outgoing_point,
const Dual3d& outgoing,
const size_t bssrdf_sample_count,
const size_t env_sample_count,
Spectrum& radiance)
{
assert(is_normalized(outgoing.get_value()));
const Basis3d& shading_basis = incoming_point.get_shading_basis();
radiance.set(0.0f);
sampling_context.split_in_place(2, env_sample_count);
for (size_t i = 0; i < env_sample_count; ++i)
{
// Generate a uniform sample in [0,1)^2.
const Vector2d s = sampling_context.next_vector2<2>();
// Sample the environment.
InputEvaluator input_evaluator(shading_context.get_texture_cache());
Vector3d incoming;
Spectrum env_value;
double env_prob;
environment_edf.sample(
shading_context,
input_evaluator,
s,
incoming,
env_value,
env_prob);
// Cull samples behind the shading surface.
assert(is_normalized(incoming));
const double cos_in = dot(incoming, shading_basis.get_normal());
if (cos_in <= 0.0)
continue;
// Discard occluded samples.
const double transmission =
shading_context.get_tracer().trace(
incoming_point,
incoming,
VisibilityFlags::ShadowRay);
if (transmission == 0.0)
continue;
// Evaluate the BSSRDF.
Spectrum bssrdf_value;
bssrdf.evaluate(
bssrdf_data,
outgoing_point,
outgoing.get_value(),
incoming_point,
incoming,
bssrdf_value);
// Compute MIS weight.
const double bssrdf_prob = cos_in * RcpPi;
const double mis_weight =
mis_power2(
env_sample_count * env_prob,
bssrdf_sample_count * bssrdf_prob);
// Add the contribution of this sample to the illumination.
env_value *= static_cast<float>(transmission * cos_in / env_prob * mis_weight);
env_value *= bssrdf_value;
radiance += env_value;
}
if (env_sample_count > 1)
radiance /= static_cast<float>(env_sample_count);
}
void LightSampler::collect_emitting_triangles(
const Assembly& assembly,
const AssemblyInstance& assembly_instance)
{
// Loop over the object instances of the assembly.
const size_t object_instance_count = assembly.object_instances().size();
for (size_t object_instance_index = 0; object_instance_index < object_instance_count; ++object_instance_index)
{
// Retrieve the object instance.
const ObjectInstance* object_instance = assembly.object_instances().get_by_index(object_instance_index);
// Retrieve the materials of the object instance.
const MaterialArray& front_materials = object_instance->get_front_materials();
const MaterialArray& back_materials = object_instance->get_back_materials();
// Skip object instances without light-emitting materials.
if (!has_emitting_materials(front_materials) && !has_emitting_materials(back_materials))
continue;
// Compute the object space to world space transformation.
// todo: add support for moving light-emitters.
const Transformd& object_instance_transform = object_instance->get_transform();
const Transformd assembly_instance_transform =
assembly_instance.transform_sequence().empty()
? Transformd::identity()
: assembly_instance.transform_sequence().earliest_transform();
const Transformd global_transform = assembly_instance_transform * object_instance_transform;
// Retrieve the object.
Object& object = object_instance->get_object();
// Retrieve the region kit of the object.
Access<RegionKit> region_kit(&object.get_region_kit());
// Loop over the regions of the object.
const size_t region_count = region_kit->size();
for (size_t region_index = 0; region_index < region_count; ++region_index)
{
// Retrieve the region.
const IRegion* region = (*region_kit)[region_index];
// Retrieve the tessellation of the region.
Access<StaticTriangleTess> tess(®ion->get_static_triangle_tess());
// Loop over the triangles of the region.
const size_t triangle_count = tess->m_primitives.size();
for (size_t triangle_index = 0; triangle_index < triangle_count; ++triangle_index)
{
// Fetch the triangle.
const Triangle& triangle = tess->m_primitives[triangle_index];
// Skip triangles without a material.
if (triangle.m_pa == Triangle::None)
continue;
// Fetch the materials assigned to this triangle.
const size_t pa_index = static_cast<size_t>(triangle.m_pa);
const Material* front_material =
pa_index < front_materials.size() ? front_materials[pa_index] : 0;
const Material* back_material =
pa_index < back_materials.size() ? back_materials[pa_index] : 0;
// Skip triangles that don't emit light.
if ((front_material == 0 || front_material->get_uncached_edf() == 0) &&
(back_material == 0 || back_material->get_uncached_edf() == 0))
continue;
// Retrieve object instance space vertices of the triangle.
const GVector3& v0_os = tess->m_vertices[triangle.m_v0];
const GVector3& v1_os = tess->m_vertices[triangle.m_v1];
const GVector3& v2_os = tess->m_vertices[triangle.m_v2];
// Transform triangle vertices to assembly space.
const GVector3 v0_as = object_instance_transform.point_to_parent(v0_os);
const GVector3 v1_as = object_instance_transform.point_to_parent(v1_os);
const GVector3 v2_as = object_instance_transform.point_to_parent(v2_os);
// Compute the support plane of the hit triangle in assembly space.
const GTriangleType triangle_geometry(v0_as, v1_as, v2_as);
TriangleSupportPlaneType triangle_support_plane;
triangle_support_plane.initialize(TriangleType(triangle_geometry));
// Transform triangle vertices to world space.
const Vector3d v0(assembly_instance_transform.point_to_parent(v0_as));
const Vector3d v1(assembly_instance_transform.point_to_parent(v1_as));
const Vector3d v2(assembly_instance_transform.point_to_parent(v2_as));
// Compute the geometric normal to the triangle and the area of the triangle.
Vector3d geometric_normal = cross(v1 - v0, v2 - v0);
const double geometric_normal_norm = norm(geometric_normal);
if (geometric_normal_norm == 0.0)
continue;
const double rcp_geometric_normal_norm = 1.0 / geometric_normal_norm;
const double rcp_area = 2.0 * rcp_geometric_normal_norm;
const double area = 0.5 * geometric_normal_norm;
geometric_normal *= rcp_geometric_normal_norm;
assert(is_normalized(geometric_normal));
// Retrieve object instance space vertex normals.
const GVector3& n0_os = tess->m_vertex_normals[triangle.m_n0];
const GVector3& n1_os = tess->m_vertex_normals[triangle.m_n1];
const GVector3& n2_os = tess->m_vertex_normals[triangle.m_n2];
// Transform vertex normals to world space.
const Vector3d n0(normalize(global_transform.normal_to_parent(n0_os)));
const Vector3d n1(normalize(global_transform.normal_to_parent(n1_os)));
const Vector3d n2(normalize(global_transform.normal_to_parent(n2_os)));
for (size_t side = 0; side < 2; ++side)
{
const Material* material = side == 0 ? front_material : back_material;
const Vector3d side_geometric_normal = side == 0 ? geometric_normal : -geometric_normal;
const Vector3d side_n0 = side == 0 ? n0 : -n0;
const Vector3d side_n1 = side == 0 ? n1 : -n1;
const Vector3d side_n2 = side == 0 ? n2 : -n2;
// Skip sides without a material.
if (material == 0)
continue;
const EDF* edf = material->get_uncached_edf();
// Skip sides without a light-emitting material.
if (edf == 0)
continue;
// Create a light-emitting triangle.
EmittingTriangle emitting_triangle;
emitting_triangle.m_assembly_instance = &assembly_instance;
emitting_triangle.m_object_instance_index = object_instance_index;
emitting_triangle.m_region_index = region_index;
emitting_triangle.m_triangle_index = triangle_index;
emitting_triangle.m_v0 = v0;
emitting_triangle.m_v1 = v1;
emitting_triangle.m_v2 = v2;
emitting_triangle.m_n0 = side_n0;
emitting_triangle.m_n1 = side_n1;
emitting_triangle.m_n2 = side_n2;
emitting_triangle.m_geometric_normal = side_geometric_normal;
emitting_triangle.m_triangle_support_plane = triangle_support_plane;
emitting_triangle.m_rcp_area = rcp_area;
emitting_triangle.m_edf = edf;
// Store the light-emitting triangle.
const size_t emitting_triangle_index = m_emitting_triangles.size();
m_emitting_triangles.push_back(emitting_triangle);
// Insert the light-emitting triangle into the CDFs.
m_emitter_cdf.insert(emitting_triangle_index + m_lights.size(), area);
m_emitting_triangle_cdf.insert(emitting_triangle_index, area);
// Keep track of the total area of the light-emitting triangles.
m_total_emissive_area += area;
}
}
}
}
}
void compute_ibl_bsdf_sampling(
SamplingContext& sampling_context,
const ShadingContext& shading_context,
const EnvironmentEDF& environment_edf,
const ShadingPoint& shading_point,
const Dual3d& outgoing,
const BSDF& bsdf,
const void* bsdf_data,
const int bsdf_sampling_modes,
const size_t bsdf_sample_count,
const size_t env_sample_count,
Spectrum& radiance)
{
assert(is_normalized(outgoing.get_value()));
radiance.set(0.0f);
for (size_t i = 0; i < bsdf_sample_count; ++i)
{
// Sample the BSDF.
// todo: rendering will be incorrect if the BSDF value returned by the sample() method
// includes the contribution of a specular component since these are explicitly rejected
// afterward. We need a mechanism to indicate that we want the contribution of some of
// the components only.
BSDFSample sample(shading_point, outgoing);
bsdf.sample(
sampling_context,
bsdf_data,
false, // not adjoint
true, // multiply by |cos(incoming, normal)|
sample);
// Filter scattering modes.
if (!(bsdf_sampling_modes & sample.m_mode))
continue;
// Discard occluded samples.
const float transmission =
shading_context.get_tracer().trace(
shading_point,
Vector3d(sample.m_incoming.get_value()),
VisibilityFlags::ShadowRay);
if (transmission == 0.0f)
continue;
// Evaluate the environment's EDF.
InputEvaluator input_evaluator(shading_context.get_texture_cache());
Spectrum env_value;
float env_prob;
environment_edf.evaluate(
shading_context,
input_evaluator,
sample.m_incoming.get_value(),
env_value,
env_prob);
// Apply all weights, including MIS weight.
if (sample.m_mode == ScatteringMode::Specular)
env_value *= transmission;
else
{
const float mis_weight =
mis_power2(
bsdf_sample_count * sample.m_probability,
env_sample_count * env_prob);
env_value *= transmission / sample.m_probability * mis_weight;
}
// Add the contribution of this sample to the illumination.
env_value *= sample.m_value;
radiance += env_value;
}
if (bsdf_sample_count > 1)
radiance /= static_cast<float>(bsdf_sample_count);
}
