Exemplo n.º 1
0
static int RSA_eay_private_decrypt(int flen, const unsigned char *from,
	     unsigned char *to, RSA *rsa, int padding)
	{
	BIGNUM *f, *ret, *br;
	int j,num=0,r= -1;
	unsigned char *p;
	unsigned char *buf=NULL;
	BN_CTX *ctx=NULL;
	int local_blinding = 0;
	BN_BLINDING *blinding = NULL;

	if((ctx = BN_CTX_new()) == NULL) goto err;
	BN_CTX_start(ctx);
	f   = BN_CTX_get(ctx);
	br  = BN_CTX_get(ctx);
	ret = BN_CTX_get(ctx);
	num = BN_num_bytes(rsa->n);
	buf = OPENSSL_malloc(num);
	if(!f || !ret || !buf)
		{
		RSAerr(RSA_F_RSA_EAY_PRIVATE_DECRYPT,ERR_R_MALLOC_FAILURE);
		goto err;
		}

	/* This check was for equality but PGP does evil things
	 * and chops off the top '0' bytes */
	if (flen > num)
		{
		RSAerr(RSA_F_RSA_EAY_PRIVATE_DECRYPT,RSA_R_DATA_GREATER_THAN_MOD_LEN);
		goto err;
		}

	/* make data into a big number */
	if (BN_bin2bn(from,(int)flen,f) == NULL) goto err;

	if (BN_ucmp(f, rsa->n) >= 0)
		{
		RSAerr(RSA_F_RSA_EAY_PRIVATE_DECRYPT,RSA_R_DATA_TOO_LARGE_FOR_MODULUS);
		goto err;
		}

	if (!(rsa->flags & RSA_FLAG_NO_BLINDING))
		{
		blinding = rsa_get_blinding(rsa, &br, &local_blinding, ctx);
		if (blinding == NULL)
			{
			RSAerr(RSA_F_RSA_EAY_PRIVATE_DECRYPT, ERR_R_INTERNAL_ERROR);
			goto err;
			}
		}
	
	if (blinding != NULL)
		if (!rsa_blinding_convert(blinding, local_blinding, f, br, ctx))
			goto err;

	/* do the decrypt */
	if ( (rsa->flags & RSA_FLAG_EXT_PKEY) ||
		((rsa->p != NULL) &&
		(rsa->q != NULL) &&
		(rsa->dmp1 != NULL) &&
		(rsa->dmq1 != NULL) &&
		(rsa->iqmp != NULL)) )
		{
		if (!rsa->meth->rsa_mod_exp(ret, f, rsa, ctx)) goto err;
		}
	else
		{
		BIGNUM local_d;
		BIGNUM *d = NULL;
		
		if (!(rsa->flags & RSA_FLAG_NO_EXP_CONSTTIME))
			{
			d = &local_d;
			BN_with_flags(d, rsa->d, BN_FLG_EXP_CONSTTIME);
			}
		else
			d = rsa->d;

		MONT_HELPER(rsa, ctx, n, rsa->flags & RSA_FLAG_CACHE_PUBLIC, goto err);
		if (!rsa->meth->bn_mod_exp(ret,f,d,rsa->n,ctx,
				rsa->_method_mod_n))
		  goto err;
		}

	if (blinding)
		if (!rsa_blinding_invert(blinding, local_blinding, ret, br, ctx))
			goto err;

	p=buf;
	j=BN_bn2bin(ret,p); /* j is only used with no-padding mode */

	switch (padding)
		{
	case RSA_PKCS1_PADDING:
		r=RSA_padding_check_PKCS1_type_2(to,num,buf,j,num);
		break;
#ifndef OPENSSL_NO_SHA
        case RSA_PKCS1_OAEP_PADDING:
	        r=RSA_padding_check_PKCS1_OAEP(to,num,buf,j,num,NULL,0);
                break;
#endif
 	case RSA_SSLV23_PADDING:
		r=RSA_padding_check_SSLv23(to,num,buf,j,num);
		break;
	case RSA_NO_PADDING:
		r=RSA_padding_check_none(to,num,buf,j,num);
		break;
	default:
		RSAerr(RSA_F_RSA_EAY_PRIVATE_DECRYPT,RSA_R_UNKNOWN_PADDING_TYPE);
		goto err;
		}
	if (r < 0)
		RSAerr(RSA_F_RSA_EAY_PRIVATE_DECRYPT,RSA_R_PADDING_CHECK_FAILED);

err:
	if (ctx != NULL)
		{
		BN_CTX_end(ctx);
		BN_CTX_free(ctx);
		}
	if (buf != NULL)
		{
		OPENSSL_cleanse(buf,num);
		OPENSSL_free(buf);
		}
	return(r);
	}
Exemplo n.º 2
0
/* signing */
static int RSA_eay_private_encrypt(int flen, const unsigned char *from,
	     unsigned char *to, RSA *rsa, int padding)
	{
	BIGNUM *f, *ret, *br, *res;
	int i,j,k,num=0,r= -1;
	unsigned char *buf=NULL;
	BN_CTX *ctx=NULL;
	int local_blinding = 0;
	BN_BLINDING *blinding = NULL;

	if ((ctx=BN_CTX_new()) == NULL) goto err;
	BN_CTX_start(ctx);
	f   = BN_CTX_get(ctx);
	br  = BN_CTX_get(ctx);
	ret = BN_CTX_get(ctx);
	num = BN_num_bytes(rsa->n);
	buf = OPENSSL_malloc(num);
	if(!f || !ret || !buf)
		{
		RSAerr(RSA_F_RSA_EAY_PRIVATE_ENCRYPT,ERR_R_MALLOC_FAILURE);
		goto err;
		}

	switch (padding)
		{
	case RSA_PKCS1_PADDING:
		i=RSA_padding_add_PKCS1_type_1(buf,num,from,flen);
		break;
	case RSA_X931_PADDING:
		i=RSA_padding_add_X931(buf,num,from,flen);
		break;
	case RSA_NO_PADDING:
		i=RSA_padding_add_none(buf,num,from,flen);
		break;
	case RSA_SSLV23_PADDING:
	default:
		RSAerr(RSA_F_RSA_EAY_PRIVATE_ENCRYPT,RSA_R_UNKNOWN_PADDING_TYPE);
		goto err;
		}
	if (i <= 0) goto err;

	if (BN_bin2bn(buf,num,f) == NULL) goto err;
	
	if (BN_ucmp(f, rsa->n) >= 0)
		{	
		/* usually the padding functions would catch this */
		RSAerr(RSA_F_RSA_EAY_PRIVATE_ENCRYPT,RSA_R_DATA_TOO_LARGE_FOR_MODULUS);
		goto err;
		}

	if (!(rsa->flags & RSA_FLAG_NO_BLINDING))
		{
		blinding = rsa_get_blinding(rsa, &br, &local_blinding, ctx);
		if (blinding == NULL)
			{
			RSAerr(RSA_F_RSA_EAY_PRIVATE_ENCRYPT, ERR_R_INTERNAL_ERROR);
			goto err;
			}
		}
	
	if (blinding != NULL)
		if (!rsa_blinding_convert(blinding, local_blinding, f, br, ctx))
			goto err;

	if ( (rsa->flags & RSA_FLAG_EXT_PKEY) ||
		((rsa->p != NULL) &&
		(rsa->q != NULL) &&
		(rsa->dmp1 != NULL) &&
		(rsa->dmq1 != NULL) &&
		(rsa->iqmp != NULL)) )
		{ 
		if (!rsa->meth->rsa_mod_exp(ret, f, rsa, ctx)) goto err;
		}
	else
		{
		BIGNUM local_d;
		BIGNUM *d = NULL;
		
		if (!(rsa->flags & RSA_FLAG_NO_EXP_CONSTTIME))
			{
			BN_init(&local_d);
			d = &local_d;
			BN_with_flags(d, rsa->d, BN_FLG_EXP_CONSTTIME);
			}
		else
			d = rsa->d;

		MONT_HELPER(rsa, ctx, n, rsa->flags & RSA_FLAG_CACHE_PUBLIC, goto err);

		if (!rsa->meth->bn_mod_exp(ret,f,d,rsa->n,ctx,
				rsa->_method_mod_n)) goto err;
		}

	if (blinding)
		if (!rsa_blinding_invert(blinding, local_blinding, ret, br, ctx))
			goto err;

	if (padding == RSA_X931_PADDING)
		{
		BN_sub(f, rsa->n, ret);
		if (BN_cmp(ret, f))
			res = f;
		else
			res = ret;
		}
	else
		res = ret;

	/* put in leading 0 bytes if the number is less than the
	 * length of the modulus */
	j=BN_num_bytes(res);
	i=BN_bn2bin(res,&(to[num-j]));
	for (k=0; k<(num-i); k++)
		to[k]=0;

	r=num;
err:
	if (ctx != NULL)
		{
		BN_CTX_end(ctx);
		BN_CTX_free(ctx);
		}
	if (buf != NULL)
		{
		OPENSSL_cleanse(buf,num);
		OPENSSL_free(buf);
		}
	return(r);
	}
Exemplo n.º 3
0
/* signing */
static int rsa_ossl_private_encrypt(int flen, const unsigned char *from,
                                   unsigned char *to, RSA *rsa, int padding)
{
    BIGNUM *f, *ret, *res;
    int i, j, k, num = 0, r = -1;
    unsigned char *buf = NULL;
    BN_CTX *ctx = NULL;
    int local_blinding = 0;
    /*
     * Used only if the blinding structure is shared. A non-NULL unblind
     * instructs rsa_blinding_convert() and rsa_blinding_invert() to store
     * the unblinding factor outside the blinding structure.
     */
    BIGNUM *unblind = NULL;
    BN_BLINDING *blinding = NULL;

    if ((ctx = BN_CTX_new()) == NULL)
        goto err;
    BN_CTX_start(ctx);
    f = BN_CTX_get(ctx);
    ret = BN_CTX_get(ctx);
    num = BN_num_bytes(rsa->n);
    buf = OPENSSL_malloc(num);
    if (ret == NULL || buf == NULL) {
        RSAerr(RSA_F_RSA_OSSL_PRIVATE_ENCRYPT, ERR_R_MALLOC_FAILURE);
        goto err;
    }

    switch (padding) {
    case RSA_PKCS1_PADDING:
        i = RSA_padding_add_PKCS1_type_1(buf, num, from, flen);
        break;
    case RSA_X931_PADDING:
        i = RSA_padding_add_X931(buf, num, from, flen);
        break;
    case RSA_NO_PADDING:
        i = RSA_padding_add_none(buf, num, from, flen);
        break;
    case RSA_SSLV23_PADDING:
    default:
        RSAerr(RSA_F_RSA_OSSL_PRIVATE_ENCRYPT, RSA_R_UNKNOWN_PADDING_TYPE);
        goto err;
    }
    if (i <= 0)
        goto err;

    if (BN_bin2bn(buf, num, f) == NULL)
        goto err;

    if (BN_ucmp(f, rsa->n) >= 0) {
        /* usually the padding functions would catch this */
        RSAerr(RSA_F_RSA_OSSL_PRIVATE_ENCRYPT,
               RSA_R_DATA_TOO_LARGE_FOR_MODULUS);
        goto err;
    }

    if (!(rsa->flags & RSA_FLAG_NO_BLINDING)) {
        blinding = rsa_get_blinding(rsa, &local_blinding, ctx);
        if (blinding == NULL) {
            RSAerr(RSA_F_RSA_OSSL_PRIVATE_ENCRYPT, ERR_R_INTERNAL_ERROR);
            goto err;
        }
    }

    if (blinding != NULL) {
        if (!local_blinding && ((unblind = BN_CTX_get(ctx)) == NULL)) {
            RSAerr(RSA_F_RSA_OSSL_PRIVATE_ENCRYPT, ERR_R_MALLOC_FAILURE);
            goto err;
        }
        if (!rsa_blinding_convert(blinding, f, unblind, ctx))
            goto err;
    }

    if ((rsa->flags & RSA_FLAG_EXT_PKEY) ||
        (rsa->version == RSA_ASN1_VERSION_MULTI) ||
        ((rsa->p != NULL) &&
         (rsa->q != NULL) &&
         (rsa->dmp1 != NULL) && (rsa->dmq1 != NULL) && (rsa->iqmp != NULL))) {
        if (!rsa->meth->rsa_mod_exp(ret, f, rsa, ctx))
            goto err;
    } else {
        BIGNUM *d = BN_new();
        if (d == NULL) {
            RSAerr(RSA_F_RSA_OSSL_PRIVATE_ENCRYPT, ERR_R_MALLOC_FAILURE);
            goto err;
        }
        BN_with_flags(d, rsa->d, BN_FLG_CONSTTIME);

        if (rsa->flags & RSA_FLAG_CACHE_PUBLIC)
            if (!BN_MONT_CTX_set_locked
                (&rsa->_method_mod_n, rsa->lock, rsa->n, ctx)) {
                BN_free(d);
                goto err;
            }

        if (!rsa->meth->bn_mod_exp(ret, f, d, rsa->n, ctx,
                                   rsa->_method_mod_n)) {
            BN_free(d);
            goto err;
        }
        /* We MUST free d before any further use of rsa->d */
        BN_free(d);
    }

    if (blinding)
        if (!rsa_blinding_invert(blinding, ret, unblind, ctx))
            goto err;

    if (padding == RSA_X931_PADDING) {
        BN_sub(f, rsa->n, ret);
        if (BN_cmp(ret, f) > 0)
            res = f;
        else
            res = ret;
    } else {
        res = ret;
    }

    /*
     * put in leading 0 bytes if the number is less than the length of the
     * modulus
     */
    j = BN_num_bytes(res);
    i = BN_bn2bin(res, &(to[num - j]));
    for (k = 0; k < (num - i); k++)
        to[k] = 0;

    r = num;
 err:
    if (ctx != NULL)
        BN_CTX_end(ctx);
    BN_CTX_free(ctx);
    OPENSSL_clear_free(buf, num);
    return r;
}
Exemplo n.º 4
0
static int rsa_ossl_private_decrypt(int flen, const unsigned char *from,
                                   unsigned char *to, RSA *rsa, int padding)
{
    BIGNUM *f, *ret;
    int j, num = 0, r = -1;
    unsigned char *p;
    unsigned char *buf = NULL;
    BN_CTX *ctx = NULL;
    int local_blinding = 0;
    /*
     * Used only if the blinding structure is shared. A non-NULL unblind
     * instructs rsa_blinding_convert() and rsa_blinding_invert() to store
     * the unblinding factor outside the blinding structure.
     */
    BIGNUM *unblind = NULL;
    BN_BLINDING *blinding = NULL;

    if ((ctx = BN_CTX_new()) == NULL)
        goto err;
    BN_CTX_start(ctx);
    f = BN_CTX_get(ctx);
    ret = BN_CTX_get(ctx);
    num = BN_num_bytes(rsa->n);
    buf = OPENSSL_malloc(num);
    if (ret == NULL || buf == NULL) {
        RSAerr(RSA_F_RSA_OSSL_PRIVATE_DECRYPT, ERR_R_MALLOC_FAILURE);
        goto err;
    }

    /*
     * This check was for equality but PGP does evil things and chops off the
     * top '0' bytes
     */
    if (flen > num) {
        RSAerr(RSA_F_RSA_OSSL_PRIVATE_DECRYPT,
               RSA_R_DATA_GREATER_THAN_MOD_LEN);
        goto err;
    }

    /* make data into a big number */
    if (BN_bin2bn(from, (int)flen, f) == NULL)
        goto err;

    if (BN_ucmp(f, rsa->n) >= 0) {
        RSAerr(RSA_F_RSA_OSSL_PRIVATE_DECRYPT,
               RSA_R_DATA_TOO_LARGE_FOR_MODULUS);
        goto err;
    }

    if (!(rsa->flags & RSA_FLAG_NO_BLINDING)) {
        blinding = rsa_get_blinding(rsa, &local_blinding, ctx);
        if (blinding == NULL) {
            RSAerr(RSA_F_RSA_OSSL_PRIVATE_DECRYPT, ERR_R_INTERNAL_ERROR);
            goto err;
        }
    }

    if (blinding != NULL) {
        if (!local_blinding && ((unblind = BN_CTX_get(ctx)) == NULL)) {
            RSAerr(RSA_F_RSA_OSSL_PRIVATE_DECRYPT, ERR_R_MALLOC_FAILURE);
            goto err;
        }
        if (!rsa_blinding_convert(blinding, f, unblind, ctx))
            goto err;
    }

    /* do the decrypt */
    if ((rsa->flags & RSA_FLAG_EXT_PKEY) ||
        (rsa->version == RSA_ASN1_VERSION_MULTI) ||
        ((rsa->p != NULL) &&
         (rsa->q != NULL) &&
         (rsa->dmp1 != NULL) && (rsa->dmq1 != NULL) && (rsa->iqmp != NULL))) {
        if (!rsa->meth->rsa_mod_exp(ret, f, rsa, ctx))
            goto err;
    } else {
        BIGNUM *d = BN_new();
        if (d == NULL) {
            RSAerr(RSA_F_RSA_OSSL_PRIVATE_DECRYPT, ERR_R_MALLOC_FAILURE);
            goto err;
        }
        BN_with_flags(d, rsa->d, BN_FLG_CONSTTIME);

        if (rsa->flags & RSA_FLAG_CACHE_PUBLIC)
            if (!BN_MONT_CTX_set_locked
                (&rsa->_method_mod_n, rsa->lock, rsa->n, ctx)) {
                BN_free(d);
                goto err;
            }
        if (!rsa->meth->bn_mod_exp(ret, f, d, rsa->n, ctx,
                                   rsa->_method_mod_n)) {
            BN_free(d);
            goto err;
        }
        /* We MUST free d before any further use of rsa->d */
        BN_free(d);
    }

    if (blinding)
        if (!rsa_blinding_invert(blinding, ret, unblind, ctx))
            goto err;

    p = buf;
    j = BN_bn2bin(ret, p);      /* j is only used with no-padding mode */

    switch (padding) {
    case RSA_PKCS1_PADDING:
        r = RSA_padding_check_PKCS1_type_2(to, num, buf, j, num);
        break;
    case RSA_PKCS1_OAEP_PADDING:
        r = RSA_padding_check_PKCS1_OAEP(to, num, buf, j, num, NULL, 0);
        break;
    case RSA_SSLV23_PADDING:
        r = RSA_padding_check_SSLv23(to, num, buf, j, num);
        break;
    case RSA_NO_PADDING:
        r = RSA_padding_check_none(to, num, buf, j, num);
        break;
    default:
        RSAerr(RSA_F_RSA_OSSL_PRIVATE_DECRYPT, RSA_R_UNKNOWN_PADDING_TYPE);
        goto err;
    }
    if (r < 0)
        RSAerr(RSA_F_RSA_OSSL_PRIVATE_DECRYPT, RSA_R_PADDING_CHECK_FAILED);

 err:
    if (ctx != NULL)
        BN_CTX_end(ctx);
    BN_CTX_free(ctx);
    OPENSSL_clear_free(buf, num);
    return r;
}
Exemplo n.º 5
0
static int RSA_eay_private_decrypt(int flen, const unsigned char *from,
                                   unsigned char *to, RSA *rsa, int padding)
{
    BIGNUM *f, *ret;
    int j, num = 0, r = -1;
    unsigned char *p;
    unsigned char *buf = NULL;
    BN_CTX *ctx = NULL;
    int local_blinding = 0;
    /*
     * Used only if the blinding structure is shared. A non-NULL unblind
     * instructs rsa_blinding_convert() and rsa_blinding_invert() to store
     * the unblinding factor outside the blinding structure.
     */
    BIGNUM *unblind = NULL;
    BN_BLINDING *blinding = NULL;

    if (BN_num_bits(rsa->n) > OPENSSL_RSA_MAX_MODULUS_BITS) {
	RSAerr(RSA_F_RSA_EAY_PUBLIC_ENCRYPT, RSA_R_MODULUS_TOO_LARGE);
	return -1;
    }

    if (BN_ucmp(rsa->n, rsa->e) <= 0) {
	RSAerr(RSA_F_RSA_EAY_PUBLIC_ENCRYPT, RSA_R_BAD_E_VALUE);
	return -1;
    }

    /* for large moduli, enforce exponent limit */
    if (BN_num_bits(rsa->n) > OPENSSL_RSA_SMALL_MODULUS_BITS) {
	if (BN_num_bits(rsa->e) > OPENSSL_RSA_MAX_PUBEXP_BITS) {
		RSAerr(RSA_F_RSA_EAY_PUBLIC_ENCRYPT, RSA_R_BAD_E_VALUE);
		return -1;
	}
    }

    if ((ctx = BN_CTX_new()) == NULL)
        goto err;
    BN_CTX_start(ctx);
    f = BN_CTX_get(ctx);
    ret = BN_CTX_get(ctx);
    num = BN_num_bytes(rsa->n);
    buf = OPENSSL_malloc(num);
    if (!f || !ret || !buf) {
        RSAerr(RSA_F_RSA_EAY_PRIVATE_DECRYPT, ERR_R_MALLOC_FAILURE);
        goto err;
    }

    /*
     * This check was for equality but PGP does evil things and chops off the
     * top '0' bytes
     */
    if (flen > num) {
        RSAerr(RSA_F_RSA_EAY_PRIVATE_DECRYPT,
               RSA_R_DATA_GREATER_THAN_MOD_LEN);
        goto err;
    }

    /* make data into a big number */
    if (BN_bin2bn(from, (int)flen, f) == NULL)
        goto err;

    if (BN_ucmp(f, rsa->n) >= 0) {
        RSAerr(RSA_F_RSA_EAY_PRIVATE_DECRYPT,
               RSA_R_DATA_TOO_LARGE_FOR_MODULUS);
        goto err;
    }

    if (!(rsa->flags & RSA_FLAG_NO_BLINDING)) {
        blinding = rsa_get_blinding(rsa, &local_blinding, ctx);
        if (blinding == NULL) {
            RSAerr(RSA_F_RSA_EAY_PRIVATE_DECRYPT, ERR_R_INTERNAL_ERROR);
            goto err;
        }
    }

    if (blinding != NULL) {
        if (!local_blinding && ((unblind = BN_CTX_get(ctx)) == NULL)) {
            RSAerr(RSA_F_RSA_EAY_PRIVATE_DECRYPT, ERR_R_MALLOC_FAILURE);
            goto err;
        }
        if (!rsa_blinding_convert(blinding, f, unblind, ctx))
            goto err;
    }

    /* do the decrypt */
    if ((rsa->flags & RSA_FLAG_EXT_PKEY) ||
        ((rsa->p != NULL) &&
         (rsa->q != NULL) &&
         (rsa->dmp1 != NULL) && (rsa->dmq1 != NULL) && (rsa->iqmp != NULL))) {
        if (!rsa->meth->rsa_mod_exp(ret, f, rsa, ctx))
            goto err;
    } else {
        BIGNUM local_d;
        BIGNUM *d = NULL;

        if (!(rsa->flags & RSA_FLAG_NO_CONSTTIME)) {
            d = &local_d;
            BN_with_flags(d, rsa->d, BN_FLG_CONSTTIME);
        } else
            d = rsa->d;

        if (rsa->flags & RSA_FLAG_CACHE_PUBLIC)
            if (!BN_MONT_CTX_set_locked
                (&rsa->_method_mod_n, CRYPTO_LOCK_RSA, rsa->n, ctx))
                goto err;
        if (!rsa->meth->bn_mod_exp(ret, f, d, rsa->n, ctx,
                                   rsa->_method_mod_n))
            goto err;
    }

    if (blinding)
        if (!rsa_blinding_invert(blinding, ret, unblind, ctx))
            goto err;

    p = buf;
    j = BN_bn2bin(ret, p);      /* j is only used with no-padding mode */

    switch (padding) {
    case RSA_PKCS1_PADDING:
        r = RSA_padding_check_PKCS1_type_2(to, num, buf, j, num);
        break;
# ifndef OPENSSL_NO_SHA
    case RSA_PKCS1_OAEP_PADDING:
        r = RSA_padding_check_PKCS1_OAEP(to, num, buf, j, num, NULL, 0);
        break;
# endif
    case RSA_SSLV23_PADDING:
        r = RSA_padding_check_SSLv23(to, num, buf, j, num);
        break;
    case RSA_NO_PADDING:
        r = RSA_padding_check_none(to, num, buf, j, num);
        break;
    default:
        RSAerr(RSA_F_RSA_EAY_PRIVATE_DECRYPT, RSA_R_UNKNOWN_PADDING_TYPE);
        goto err;
    }
    if (r < 0)
        RSAerr(RSA_F_RSA_EAY_PRIVATE_DECRYPT, RSA_R_PADDING_CHECK_FAILED);

 err:
    if (ctx != NULL) {
        BN_CTX_end(ctx);
        BN_CTX_free(ctx);
    }
    if (buf != NULL) {
        OPENSSL_cleanse(buf, num);
        OPENSSL_free(buf);
    }
    return (r);
}