void aos_compute_sensors(void)
{
struct FloatRates gyro;
RATES_SUM(gyro, aos.imu_rates, aos.gyro_bias);
// printf("#aos.gyro_bias %f\n",DegOfRad( aos.gyro_bias.r));
float_rates_add_gaussian_noise(&gyro, &aos.gyro_noise);
RATES_BFP_OF_REAL(imu.gyro, gyro);
RATES_BFP_OF_REAL(imu.gyro_prev, gyro);
struct FloatVect3 g_ltp = {0., 0., 9.81};
struct FloatVect3 accelero_ltp;
VECT3_DIFF(accelero_ltp, aos.ltp_accel, g_ltp);
struct FloatVect3 accelero_imu;
float_quat_vmult(&accelero_imu, &aos.ltp_to_imu_quat, &accelero_ltp);
float_vect3_add_gaussian_noise(&accelero_imu, &aos.accel_noise);
ACCELS_BFP_OF_REAL(imu.accel, accelero_imu);
#ifndef DISABLE_MAG_UPDATE
struct FloatVect3 h_earth = {AHRS_H_X, AHRS_H_Y, AHRS_H_Z};
struct FloatVect3 h_imu;
float_quat_vmult(&h_imu, &aos.ltp_to_imu_quat, &h_earth);
MAGS_BFP_OF_REAL(imu.mag, h_imu);
#endif
aos.heading_meas = aos.ltp_to_imu_euler.psi + get_gaussian_noise() * aos.heading_noise;
#ifdef AHRS_GRAVITY_UPDATE_COORDINATED_TURN
#if AHRS_TYPE == AHRS_TYPE_FCQ || AHRS_TYPE == AHRS_TYPE_FLQ
ahrs_impl.ltp_vel_norm = float_vect3_norm(&aos.ltp_vel);
ahrs_impl.ltp_vel_norm_valid = true;
#endif
#if AHRS_TYPE == AHRS_TYPE_FCR2
ahrs_impl.ltp_vel_norm = float_vect3_norm(&aos.ltp_vel);
ahrs_impl.ltp_vel_norm_valid = true;
#endif
#if AHRS_TYPE == AHRS_TYPE_FCR
ahrs_impl.gps_speed = float_vect3_norm(&aos.ltp_vel);
ahrs_impl.gps_age = 0;
ahrs_update_gps();
//RunOnceEvery(100,printf("# gps accel: %f\n", ahrs_impl.gps_acceleration));
#endif
#if AHRS_TYPE == AHRS_TYPE_ICQ
ahrs_impl.ltp_vel_norm = SPEED_BFP_OF_REAL(float_vect3_norm(&aos.ltp_vel));
ahrs_impl.ltp_vel_norm_valid = true;
#endif
#endif
}
float test_quat(void)
{
struct FloatVect3 u = { 1., 2., 3.};
FLOAT_VECT3_NORMALIZE(u);
float angle = RadOfDeg(30.);
struct FloatQuat q;
FLOAT_QUAT_OF_AXIS_ANGLE(q, u, angle);
DISPLAY_FLOAT_QUAT("q ", q);
struct FloatQuat iq;
FLOAT_QUAT_INVERT(iq, q);
DISPLAY_FLOAT_QUAT("iq", iq);
struct FloatQuat q1;
float_quat_comp(&q1, &q, &iq);
DISPLAY_FLOAT_QUAT("q1", q1);
struct FloatQuat q2;
float_quat_comp(&q2, &q, &iq);
DISPLAY_FLOAT_QUAT("q2", q2);
struct FloatQuat qe;
QUAT_EXPLEMENTARY(qe, q);
DISPLAY_FLOAT_QUAT("qe", qe);
struct FloatVect3 a = { 2., 1., 3.};
DISPLAY_FLOAT_VECT3("a ", a);
struct FloatVect3 a1;
float_quat_vmult(&a1, &q, &a);
DISPLAY_FLOAT_VECT3("a1", a1);
struct FloatVect3 a2;
float_quat_vmult(&a2, &qe, &a);
DISPLAY_FLOAT_VECT3("a2", a2);
return 0.;
}
static void test_2(void)
{
struct Int32Vect3 v1 = { 5000, 5000, 5000 };
DISPLAY_INT32_VECT3("v1", v1);
struct FloatEulers euler_f = { RadOfDeg(45.), RadOfDeg(0.), RadOfDeg(0.)};
DISPLAY_FLOAT_EULERS("euler_f", euler_f);
struct Int32Eulers euler_i;
EULERS_BFP_OF_REAL(euler_i, euler_f);
DISPLAY_INT32_EULERS("euler_i", euler_i);
struct Int32Quat quat_i;
int32_quat_of_eulers(&quat_i, &euler_i);
DISPLAY_INT32_QUAT("quat_i", quat_i);
int32_quat_normalize(&quat_i);
DISPLAY_INT32_QUAT("quat_i_n", quat_i);
struct Int32Vect3 v2;
int32_quat_vmult(&v2, &quat_i, &v1);
DISPLAY_INT32_VECT3("v2", v2);
struct Int32RMat rmat_i;
int32_rmat_of_quat(&rmat_i, &quat_i);
DISPLAY_INT32_RMAT("rmat_i", rmat_i);
struct Int32Vect3 v3;
INT32_RMAT_VMULT(v3, rmat_i, v1);
DISPLAY_INT32_VECT3("v3", v3);
struct Int32RMat rmat_i2;
int32_rmat_of_eulers(&rmat_i2, &euler_i);
DISPLAY_INT32_RMAT("rmat_i2", rmat_i2);
struct Int32Vect3 v4;
INT32_RMAT_VMULT(v4, rmat_i2, v1);
DISPLAY_INT32_VECT3("v4", v4);
struct FloatQuat quat_f;
float_quat_of_eulers(&quat_f, &euler_f);
DISPLAY_FLOAT_QUAT("quat_f", quat_f);
struct FloatVect3 v5;
VECT3_COPY(v5, v1);
DISPLAY_FLOAT_VECT3("v5", v5);
struct FloatVect3 v6;
float_quat_vmult(&v6, &quat_f, &v5);
DISPLAY_FLOAT_VECT3("v6", v6);
}
static void traj_bungee_takeoff_update(void)
{
const float initial_bungee_accel = 20.0; // in m/s^2
const float start = 5;
const float duration = 2;
struct FloatVect3 accel = {0, 0, 0}; //acceleration in imu x-direction in m/s^2
if (aos.time > start && aos.time < start + duration) {
accel.x = initial_bungee_accel * (1 - (aos.time - start) / duration);
} else {
accel.x = 0;
}
struct FloatQuat imu2ltp;
QUAT_INVERT(imu2ltp, aos.ltp_to_imu_quat);
float_quat_vmult(&aos.ltp_accel, &imu2ltp, accel);
float_vect3_integrate_fi(&aos.ltp_vel, &aos.ltp_accel, aos.dt);
float_vect3_integrate_fi(&aos.ltp_pos, &aos.ltp_vel, aos.dt);
}
/**
* Run the optical flow on a new image frame
* @param[in] *opticflow The opticalflow structure that keeps track of previous images
* @param[in] *state The state of the drone
* @param[in] *img The image frame to calculate the optical flow from
* @param[out] *result The optical flow result
*/
void opticflow_calc_frame(struct opticflow_t *opticflow, struct opticflow_state_t *state, struct image_t *img,
struct opticflow_result_t *result)
{
// A switch counter that checks in the loop if the current method is similar,
// to the previous (for reinitializing structs)
static int8_t switch_counter = -1;
if (switch_counter != opticflow->method) {
opticflow->just_switched_method = true;
switch_counter = opticflow->method;
} else {
opticflow->just_switched_method = false;
}
// Switch between methods (0 = fast9/lukas-kanade, 1 = EdgeFlow)
if (opticflow->method == 0) {
calc_fast9_lukas_kanade(opticflow, state, img, result);
} else if (opticflow->method == 1) {
calc_edgeflow_tot(opticflow, state, img, result);
}
/* Rotate velocities from camera frame coordinates to body coordinates for control
* IMPORTANT!!! This frame to body orientation should be the case for the Parrot
* ARdrone and Bebop, however this can be different for other quadcopters
* ALWAYS double check!
*/
result->vel_body_x = result->vel_y;
result->vel_body_y = - result->vel_x;
// KALMAN filter on velocity
float measurement_noise[2] = {result->noise_measurement, 1.0f};
static bool reinitialize_kalman = true;
static uint8_t wait_filter_counter =
0; // When starting up the opticalflow module, or switching between methods, wait for a bit to prevent bias
if (opticflow->kalman_filter == true) {
if (opticflow->just_switched_method == true) {
wait_filter_counter = 0;
reinitialize_kalman = true;
}
if (wait_filter_counter > 50) {
// Get accelerometer values rotated to body axis
// TODO: use acceleration from the state ?
struct FloatVect3 accel_imu_f;
ACCELS_FLOAT_OF_BFP(accel_imu_f, state->accel_imu_meas);
struct FloatVect3 accel_meas_body;
float_quat_vmult(&accel_meas_body, &state->imu_to_body_quat, &accel_imu_f);
float acceleration_measurement[2];
acceleration_measurement[0] = accel_meas_body.x;
acceleration_measurement[1] = accel_meas_body.y;
kalman_filter_opticflow_velocity(&result->vel_body_x, &result->vel_body_y, acceleration_measurement, result->fps,
measurement_noise, opticflow->kalman_filter_process_noise, reinitialize_kalman);
if (reinitialize_kalman) {
reinitialize_kalman = false;
}
} else {
wait_filter_counter++;
}
} else {
reinitialize_kalman = true;
}
}
/**
* Auto-throttle inner loop
* \brief
*/
void v_ctl_climb_loop(void)
{
// Airspeed setpoint rate limiter:
// AIRSPEED_SETPOINT_SLEW in m/s/s - a change from 15m/s to 18m/s takes 3s with the default value of 1
float airspeed_incr = v_ctl_auto_airspeed_setpoint - v_ctl_auto_airspeed_setpoint_slew;
BoundAbs(airspeed_incr, AIRSPEED_SETPOINT_SLEW * dt_attidude);
v_ctl_auto_airspeed_setpoint_slew += airspeed_incr;
#ifdef V_CTL_AUTO_GROUNDSPEED_SETPOINT
// Ground speed control loop (input: groundspeed error, output: airspeed controlled)
float err_groundspeed = (v_ctl_auto_groundspeed_setpoint - stateGetHorizontalSpeedNorm_f());
v_ctl_auto_groundspeed_sum_err += err_groundspeed;
BoundAbs(v_ctl_auto_groundspeed_sum_err, V_CTL_AUTO_GROUNDSPEED_MAX_SUM_ERR);
v_ctl_auto_airspeed_controlled = (err_groundspeed + v_ctl_auto_groundspeed_sum_err * v_ctl_auto_groundspeed_igain) *
v_ctl_auto_groundspeed_pgain;
// Do not allow controlled airspeed below the setpoint
if (v_ctl_auto_airspeed_controlled < v_ctl_auto_airspeed_setpoint_slew) {
v_ctl_auto_airspeed_controlled = v_ctl_auto_airspeed_setpoint_slew;
// reset integrator of ground speed loop
v_ctl_auto_groundspeed_sum_err = v_ctl_auto_airspeed_controlled / (v_ctl_auto_groundspeed_pgain *
v_ctl_auto_groundspeed_igain);
}
#else
v_ctl_auto_airspeed_controlled = v_ctl_auto_airspeed_setpoint_slew;
#endif
// Airspeed outerloop: positive means we need to accelerate
float speed_error = v_ctl_auto_airspeed_controlled - stateGetAirspeed_f();
// Speed Controller to PseudoControl: gain 1 -> 5m/s error = 0.5g acceleration
v_ctl_desired_acceleration = speed_error * v_ctl_airspeed_pgain / 9.81f;
BoundAbs(v_ctl_desired_acceleration, v_ctl_max_acceleration);
// Actual Acceleration from IMU: attempt to reconstruct the actual kinematic acceleration
#ifndef SITL
/* convert last imu accel measurement to float */
struct FloatVect3 accel_imu_f;
ACCELS_FLOAT_OF_BFP(accel_imu_f, accel_imu_meas);
/* rotate from imu to body frame */
struct FloatVect3 accel_meas_body;
float_quat_vmult(&accel_meas_body, &imu_to_body_quat, &accel_imu_f);
float vdot = accel_meas_body.x / 9.81f - sinf(stateGetNedToBodyEulers_f()->theta);
#else
float vdot = 0;
#endif
// Acceleration Error: positive means UAV needs to accelerate: needs extra energy
float vdot_err = low_pass_vdot(v_ctl_desired_acceleration - vdot);
// Flight Path Outerloop: positive means needs to climb more: needs extra energy
float gamma_err = (v_ctl_climb_setpoint - stateGetSpeedEnu_f()->z) / v_ctl_auto_airspeed_controlled;
// Total Energy Error: positive means energy should be added
float en_tot_err = gamma_err + vdot_err;
// Energy Distribution Error: positive means energy should go from overspeed to altitude = pitch up
float en_dis_err = gamma_err - vdot_err;
// Auto Cruise Throttle
if (autopilot.launch && (v_ctl_mode >= V_CTL_MODE_AUTO_CLIMB)) {
v_ctl_auto_throttle_nominal_cruise_throttle +=
v_ctl_auto_throttle_of_airspeed_igain * speed_error * dt_attidude
+ en_tot_err * v_ctl_energy_total_igain * dt_attidude;
Bound(v_ctl_auto_throttle_nominal_cruise_throttle, 0.0f, 1.0f);
}
// Total Controller
float controlled_throttle = v_ctl_auto_throttle_nominal_cruise_throttle
+ v_ctl_auto_throttle_climb_throttle_increment * v_ctl_climb_setpoint
+ v_ctl_auto_throttle_of_airspeed_pgain * speed_error
+ v_ctl_energy_total_pgain * en_tot_err;
if ((controlled_throttle >= 1.0f) || (controlled_throttle <= 0.0f) || (autopilot_throttle_killed() == 1)) {
// If your energy supply is not sufficient, then neglect the climb requirement
en_dis_err = -vdot_err;
// adjust climb_setpoint to maintain airspeed in case of an engine failure or an unrestriced climb
if (v_ctl_climb_setpoint > 0) { v_ctl_climb_setpoint += - 30. * dt_attidude; }
if (v_ctl_climb_setpoint < 0) { v_ctl_climb_setpoint += 30. * dt_attidude; }
}
/* pitch pre-command */
if (autopilot.launch && (v_ctl_mode >= V_CTL_MODE_AUTO_CLIMB)) {
v_ctl_auto_throttle_nominal_cruise_pitch += v_ctl_auto_pitch_of_airspeed_igain * (-speed_error) * dt_attidude
+ v_ctl_energy_diff_igain * en_dis_err * dt_attidude;
Bound(v_ctl_auto_throttle_nominal_cruise_pitch, H_CTL_PITCH_MIN_SETPOINT, H_CTL_PITCH_MAX_SETPOINT);
}
float v_ctl_pitch_of_vz =
+ (v_ctl_climb_setpoint /*+ d_err * v_ctl_auto_throttle_pitch_of_vz_dgain*/) * v_ctl_auto_throttle_pitch_of_vz_pgain
- v_ctl_auto_pitch_of_airspeed_pgain * speed_error
+ v_ctl_auto_pitch_of_airspeed_dgain * vdot
+ v_ctl_energy_diff_pgain * en_dis_err
+ v_ctl_auto_throttle_nominal_cruise_pitch;
if (autopilot_throttle_killed()) { v_ctl_pitch_of_vz = v_ctl_pitch_of_vz - 1 / V_CTL_GLIDE_RATIO; }
v_ctl_pitch_setpoint = v_ctl_pitch_of_vz + nav_pitch;
Bound(v_ctl_pitch_setpoint, H_CTL_PITCH_MIN_SETPOINT, H_CTL_PITCH_MAX_SETPOINT)
ac_char_update(controlled_throttle, v_ctl_pitch_of_vz, v_ctl_climb_setpoint, v_ctl_desired_acceleration);
v_ctl_throttle_setpoint = TRIM_UPPRZ(controlled_throttle * MAX_PPRZ);
}
void ahrs_propagate(float dt)
{
struct FloatVect3 accel;
struct FloatRates body_rates;
// realign all the filter if needed
// a complete init cycle is required
if (ins_impl.reset) {
ins_impl.reset = FALSE;
ins.status = INS_UNINIT;
ahrs.status = AHRS_UNINIT;
init_invariant_state();
}
// fill command vector
struct Int32Rates gyro_meas_body;
struct Int32RMat *body_to_imu_rmat = orientationGetRMat_i(&imu.body_to_imu);
int32_rmat_transp_ratemult(&gyro_meas_body, body_to_imu_rmat, &imu.gyro);
RATES_FLOAT_OF_BFP(ins_impl.cmd.rates, gyro_meas_body);
struct Int32Vect3 accel_meas_body;
int32_rmat_transp_vmult(&accel_meas_body, body_to_imu_rmat, &imu.accel);
ACCELS_FLOAT_OF_BFP(ins_impl.cmd.accel, accel_meas_body);
// update correction gains
error_output(&ins_impl);
// propagate model
struct inv_state new_state;
runge_kutta_4_float((float *)&new_state,
(float *)&ins_impl.state, INV_STATE_DIM,
(float *)&ins_impl.cmd, INV_COMMAND_DIM,
invariant_model, dt);
ins_impl.state = new_state;
// normalize quaternion
FLOAT_QUAT_NORMALIZE(ins_impl.state.quat);
// set global state
stateSetNedToBodyQuat_f(&ins_impl.state.quat);
RATES_DIFF(body_rates, ins_impl.cmd.rates, ins_impl.state.bias);
stateSetBodyRates_f(&body_rates);
stateSetPositionNed_f(&ins_impl.state.pos);
stateSetSpeedNed_f(&ins_impl.state.speed);
// untilt accel and remove gravity
struct FloatQuat q_b2n;
float_quat_invert(&q_b2n, &ins_impl.state.quat);
float_quat_vmult(&accel, &q_b2n, &ins_impl.cmd.accel);
VECT3_SMUL(accel, accel, 1. / (ins_impl.state.as));
VECT3_ADD(accel, A);
stateSetAccelNed_f((struct NedCoor_f *)&accel);
//------------------------------------------------------------//
#if SEND_INVARIANT_FILTER
struct FloatEulers eulers;
FLOAT_EULERS_OF_QUAT(eulers, ins_impl.state.quat);
RunOnceEvery(3, {
pprz_msg_send_INV_FILTER(trans, dev, AC_ID,
&ins_impl.state.quat.qi,
&eulers.phi,
&eulers.theta,
&eulers.psi,
&ins_impl.state.speed.x,
&ins_impl.state.speed.y,
&ins_impl.state.speed.z,
&ins_impl.state.pos.x,
&ins_impl.state.pos.y,
&ins_impl.state.pos.z,
&ins_impl.state.bias.p,
&ins_impl.state.bias.q,
&ins_impl.state.bias.r,
&ins_impl.state.as,
&ins_impl.state.hb,
&ins_impl.meas.baro_alt,
&ins_impl.meas.pos_gps.z)
});
#endif
#if LOG_INVARIANT_FILTER
if (pprzLogFile.fs != NULL) {
if (!log_started) {
// log file header
sdLogWriteLog(&pprzLogFile,
"p q r ax ay az gx gy gz gvx gvy gvz mx my mz b qi qx qy qz bp bq br vx vy vz px py pz hb as\n");
log_started = TRUE;
} else {
sdLogWriteLog(&pprzLogFile,
"%.3f %.3f %.3f %.3f %.3f %.3f %.3f %.3f %.3f %.3f %.3f %.3f %.3f %.3f %.3f %.3f %.3f %.3f %.3f %.3f %.3f %.3f %.3f %.3f %.3f %.3f %.3f %.3f %.3f %.3f %.3f\n",
ins_impl.cmd.rates.p,
ins_impl.cmd.rates.q,
ins_impl.cmd.rates.r,
ins_impl.cmd.accel.x,
ins_impl.cmd.accel.y,
ins_impl.cmd.accel.z,
ins_impl.meas.pos_gps.x,
ins_impl.meas.pos_gps.y,
ins_impl.meas.pos_gps.z,
ins_impl.meas.speed_gps.x,
ins_impl.meas.speed_gps.y,
ins_impl.meas.speed_gps.z,
ins_impl.meas.mag.x,
ins_impl.meas.mag.y,
ins_impl.meas.mag.z,
ins_impl.meas.baro_alt,
ins_impl.state.quat.qi,
ins_impl.state.quat.qx,
ins_impl.state.quat.qy,
ins_impl.state.quat.qz,
ins_impl.state.bias.p,
ins_impl.state.bias.q,
ins_impl.state.bias.r,
ins_impl.state.speed.x,
ins_impl.state.speed.y,
ins_impl.state.speed.z,
ins_impl.state.pos.x,
ins_impl.state.pos.y,
ins_impl.state.pos.z,
ins_impl.state.hb,
ins_impl.state.as);
}
}
#endif
}
