/*
Explores a kd tree from a given node to a leaf. Branching decisions are
made at each node based on the descriptor of a given feature. Each node
examined but not explored is put into a priority queue to be explored
later, keyed based on the distance from its partition key value to the
given feature's desctiptor.
@param kd_node root of the subtree to be explored
@param feat feature upon which branching decisions are based
@param min_pq a minimizing priority queue into which tree nodes are placed
as described above
@return Returns a pointer to the leaf node at which exploration ends or
NULL on error.
*/
static struct kd_node* explore_to_leaf( struct kd_node* kd_node,
struct feature* feat,
struct min_pq* min_pq )
{
struct kd_node* unexpl, * expl = kd_node;
double kv;
int ki;
while( expl && ! expl->leaf )
{
ki = expl->ki;
kv = expl->kv;
if( ki >= feat->d )
{
fprintf( stderr, "Warning: comparing imcompatible descriptors, %s" \
" line %d\n", __FILE__, __LINE__ );
return NULL;
}
if( feat->descr[ki] <= kv )
{
unexpl = expl->kd_right;
expl = expl->kd_left;
}
else
{
unexpl = expl->kd_left;
expl = expl->kd_right;
}
if( minpq_insert( min_pq, unexpl, ABS( kv - feat->descr[ki] ) ) )
{
fprintf( stderr, "Warning: unable to insert into PQ, %s, line %d\n",
__FILE__, __LINE__ );
return NULL;
}
}
return expl;
}
/*
Finds an image feature's approximate k nearest neighbors in a kd tree using
Best Bin First search.
@param kd_root root of an image feature kd tree
@param feat image feature for whose neighbors to search
@param k number of neighbors to find
@param nbrs pointer to an array in which to store pointers to neighbors
in order of increasing descriptor distance
@param max_nn_chks search is cut off after examining this many tree entries
@return Returns the number of neighbors found and stored in nbrs, or
-1 on error.
*/
int kdtree_bbf_knn( struct kd_node* kd_root, struct feature* feat, int k,
struct feature*** nbrs, int max_nn_chks )
{
struct kd_node* expl;
struct min_pq* min_pq;
struct feature* tree_feat, ** _nbrs;
struct bbf_data* bbf_data;
int i, t = 0, n = 0;
if( ! nbrs || ! feat || ! kd_root )
{
fprintf( stderr, "Warning: NULL pointer error, %s, line %d\n",
__FILE__, __LINE__ );
return -1;
}
_nbrs = calloc( k, sizeof( struct feature* ) );
min_pq = minpq_init();
minpq_insert( min_pq, kd_root, 0 );
while( min_pq->n > 0 && t < max_nn_chks )
{
expl = (struct kd_node*)minpq_extract_min( min_pq );
if( ! expl )
{
fprintf( stderr, "Warning: PQ unexpectedly empty, %s line %d\n",
__FILE__, __LINE__ );
goto fail;
}
expl = explore_to_leaf( expl, feat, min_pq );
if( ! expl )
{
fprintf( stderr, "Warning: PQ unexpectedly empty, %s line %d\n",
__FILE__, __LINE__ );
goto fail;
}
for( i = 0; i < expl->n; i++ )
{
tree_feat = &expl->features[i];
bbf_data = malloc( sizeof( struct bbf_data ) );
if( ! bbf_data )
{
fprintf( stderr, "Warning: unable to allocate memory,"
" %s line %d\n", __FILE__, __LINE__ );
goto fail;
}
bbf_data->old_data = tree_feat->feature_data;
bbf_data->d = descr_dist_sq(feat, tree_feat);
tree_feat->feature_data = bbf_data;
n += insert_into_nbr_array( tree_feat, _nbrs, n, k );
}
t++;
}
minpq_release( &min_pq );
for( i = 0; i < n; i++ )
{
bbf_data = _nbrs[i]->feature_data;
_nbrs[i]->feature_data = bbf_data->old_data;
free( bbf_data );
}
*nbrs = _nbrs;
return n;
fail:
minpq_release( &min_pq );
for( i = 0; i < n; i++ )
{
bbf_data = _nbrs[i]->feature_data;
_nbrs[i]->feature_data = bbf_data->old_data;
free( bbf_data );
}
free( _nbrs );
*nbrs = NULL;
return -1;
}