std::string
Wipe::wipe(GCode &gcodegen, bool toolchange)
{
std::string gcode;
/* Reduce feedrate a bit; travel speed is often too high to move on existing material.
Too fast = ripping of existing material; too slow = short wipe path, thus more blob. */
double wipe_speed = gcodegen.writer.config.travel_speed.value * 0.8;
// get the retraction length
double length = toolchange
? gcodegen.writer.extruder()->retract_length_toolchange()
: gcodegen.writer.extruder()->retract_length();
if (length > 0) {
/* Calculate how long we need to travel in order to consume the required
amount of retraction. In other words, how far do we move in XY at wipe_speed
for the time needed to consume retract_length at retract_speed? */
double wipe_dist = scale_(length / gcodegen.writer.extruder()->retract_speed() * wipe_speed);
/* Take the stored wipe path and replace first point with the current actual position
(they might be different, for example, in case of loop clipping). */
Polyline wipe_path;
wipe_path.append(gcodegen.last_pos());
wipe_path.append(
this->path.points.begin() + 1,
this->path.points.end()
);
wipe_path.clip_end(wipe_path.length() - wipe_dist);
// subdivide the retraction in segments
double retracted = 0;
Lines lines = wipe_path.lines();
for (Lines::const_iterator line = lines.begin(); line != lines.end(); ++line) {
double segment_length = line->length();
/* Reduce retraction length a bit to avoid effective retraction speed to be greater than the configured one
due to rounding (TODO: test and/or better math for this) */
double dE = length * (segment_length / wipe_dist) * 0.95;
gcode += gcodegen.writer.set_speed(wipe_speed*60);
gcode += gcodegen.writer.extrude_to_xy(
gcodegen.point_to_gcode(line->b),
-dE,
(std::string)"wipe and retract" + (gcodegen.enable_cooling_markers ? ";_WIPE" : "")
);
retracted += dE;
}
gcodegen.writer.extruder()->retracted += retracted;
// prevent wiping again on same path
this->reset_path();
}
return gcode;
}
bool
Polyline::is_straight() const
{
/* Check that each segment's direction is equal to the line connecting
first point and last point. (Checking each line against the previous
one would cause the error to accumulate.) */
double dir = Line(this->first_point(), this->last_point()).direction();
Lines lines = this->lines();
for (Lines::const_iterator line = lines.begin(); line != lines.end(); ++line) {
if (!line->parallel_to(dir)) return false;
}
return true;
}
void vavImage::ShowEdgeLine(const Lines& li)
{
for (Lines::const_iterator it = li.begin(); it != li.end(); ++it)
{
int R = 255, B = 255, G = 255;
for (Line::const_iterator it2 = it->begin(); it2 != it->end(); ++it2)
{
cv::Vec3b& intensity = m_Image.at<cv::Vec3b>(it2->y, it2->x);
intensity[0] = R;
intensity[1] = G;
intensity[2] = B;
}
}
}
void
BridgeDetector::unsupported_edges(double angle, Polylines* unsupported) const
{
// get bridge edges (both contour and holes)
Polylines bridge_edges;
{
Polygons pp = this->expolygon;
bridge_edges.insert(bridge_edges.end(), pp.begin(), pp.end()); // this uses split_at_first_point()
}
// get unsupported edges
Polygons grown_lower;
offset(this->lower_slices, &grown_lower, +this->extrusion_width);
Polylines _unsupported;
diff(bridge_edges, grown_lower, &_unsupported);
/* Split into individual segments and filter out edges parallel to the bridging angle
TODO: angle tolerance should probably be based on segment length and flow width,
so that we build supports whenever there's a chance that at least one or two bridge
extrusions would be anchored within such length (i.e. a slightly non-parallel bridging
direction might still benefit from anchors if long enough) */
double angle_tolerance = PI / 180.0 * 5.0;
for (Polylines::const_iterator polyline = _unsupported.begin(); polyline != _unsupported.end(); ++polyline) {
Lines lines = polyline->lines();
for (Lines::const_iterator line = lines.begin(); line != lines.end(); ++line) {
if (!xd::Geometry::directions_parallel(line->direction(), angle))
unsupported->push_back(*line);
}
}
/*
if (0) {
require "Slic3r/SVG.pm";
Slic3r::SVG::output(
"unsupported_" . rad2deg($angle) . ".svg",
expolygons => [$self->expolygon],
green_expolygons => $self->_anchors,
red_expolygons => union_ex($grown_lower),
no_arrows => 1,
polylines => \@bridge_edges,
red_polylines => $unsupported,
);
}
*/
}
// This method accepts &point in print coordinates.
std::string
GCode::travel_to(const Point &point, ExtrusionRole role, std::string comment)
{
/* Define the travel move as a line between current position and the taget point.
This is expressed in print coordinates, so it will need to be translated by
this->origin in order to get G-code coordinates. */
Polyline travel;
travel.append(this->last_pos());
travel.append(point);
std::string gcode;
// check whether a straight travel move would need retraction
bool needs_retraction = this->needs_retraction(travel, role);
std::stringstream ss;
ss << ";needs retr 1: " << needs_retraction << "\n";
gcode += ss.str();
// if a retraction would be needed, try to use avoid_crossing_perimeters to plan a
// multi-hop travel path inside the configuration space
if (needs_retraction
&& this->config.avoid_crossing_perimeters
&& !this->avoid_crossing_perimeters.disable_once) {
travel = this->avoid_crossing_perimeters.travel_to(*this, point);
gcode += ";HERE!!!!!\n";
// check again whether the new travel path still needs a retraction
needs_retraction = this->needs_retraction(travel, role);
std::stringstream ss;
ss << ";needs retr 2: " << needs_retraction << "\n";
gcode += ss.str();
//if (needs_retraction && this->layer_index > 1) exit(0);
}
//needs_retraction = true; //vladi
//if (this->first_layer) needs_retraction = false;//vladi
// Re-allow avoid_crossing_perimeters for the next travel moves
this->avoid_crossing_perimeters.disable_once = false;
this->avoid_crossing_perimeters.use_external_mp_once = false;
// generate G-code for the travel move
//if (travel.lines().begin()->length() * SCALING_FACTOR > 2 && this->first_layer) needs_retraction = true;
//std::size_t found = comment.find("infill");
bool willDoInfill = (comment.find("infill") != std::string::npos);
//if (comment.find("infill") != std::string::npos && this->first_layer) needs_retraction = false;
if (needs_retraction) gcode += this->retract();
// use G1 because we rely on paths being straight (G0 may make round paths)
Lines lines = travel.lines();
double path_length = 0;
for (Lines::const_iterator line = lines.begin(); line != lines.end(); ++line) {
const double line_length = line->length() * SCALING_FACTOR;
path_length += line_length;
std::stringstream ss1;
ss1 << ";Will Travel: " << line_length << ", on layer height: " << this->layer->print_z << ", id" << this->layer->id() << "\n";
gcode += ss1.str();
if (this->first_layer && line_length > 3 && !willDoInfill) {
if (needs_retraction) {
gcode += this->unretract();
gcode += this->writer.travel_to_z(this->layer->print_z, "extrude move on layer height");
} else {
gcode += this->writer.travel_to_z(0.1, "extrude move 333");
}
double fil_sq = 3.14f *1.75f*1.75f/4;
double exr_line = 0.1f*0.4f;
double e = exr_line *line_length/fil_sq;
//double e_per_mm = this->writer.extruder()->e_per_mm3 * path.mm3_per_mm;
// gcode += "G1 F6000\n";
gcode += this->writer.extrude_to_xy(this->point_to_gcode(line->b), e, comment);
gcode += this->writer.travel_to_z(this->layer->print_z, "return");
lowerSpeed = true;
} else {
gcode += this->writer.travel_to_xy(this->point_to_gcode(line->b), comment);
}
}
if (this->config.cooling)
this->elapsed_time += path_length / this->config.get_abs_value("travel_speed");
return gcode;
}
std::string
GCode::_extrude(ExtrusionPath path, std::string description, double speed)
{
path.simplify(SCALED_RESOLUTION);
std::string gcode;
// go to first point of extrusion path
if (!this->_last_pos_defined || !this->_last_pos.coincides_with(path.first_point())) {
gcode += this->travel_to(
path.first_point(),
path.role,
"move to first " + description + " point"
);
}
// compensate retraction
gcode += this->unretract();
// adjust acceleration
{
double acceleration;
if (this->config.first_layer_acceleration.value > 0 && this->first_layer) {
acceleration = this->config.first_layer_acceleration.value;
} else if (this->config.perimeter_acceleration.value > 0 && path.is_perimeter()) {
acceleration = this->config.perimeter_acceleration.value;
} else if (this->config.bridge_acceleration.value > 0 && path.is_bridge()) {
acceleration = this->config.bridge_acceleration.value;
} else if (this->config.infill_acceleration.value > 0 && path.is_infill()) {
acceleration = this->config.infill_acceleration.value;
} else {
acceleration = this->config.default_acceleration.value;
}
gcode += this->writer.set_acceleration(acceleration);
}
// calculate extrusion length per distance unit
double e_per_mm = this->writer.extruder()->e_per_mm3 * path.mm3_per_mm;
if (this->writer.extrusion_axis().empty()) e_per_mm = 0;
// set speed
if (speed == -1) {
if (path.role == erPerimeter) {
speed = this->config.get_abs_value("perimeter_speed");
} else if (path.role == erExternalPerimeter) {
speed = this->config.get_abs_value("external_perimeter_speed");
} else if (path.role == erOverhangPerimeter || path.role == erBridgeInfill) {
speed = this->config.get_abs_value("bridge_speed");
} else if (path.role == erInternalInfill) {
speed = this->config.get_abs_value("infill_speed");
} else if (path.role == erSolidInfill) {
speed = this->config.get_abs_value("solid_infill_speed");
} else if (path.role == erTopSolidInfill) {
speed = this->config.get_abs_value("top_solid_infill_speed");
} else if (path.role == erGapFill) {
speed = this->config.get_abs_value("gap_fill_speed");
} else {
CONFESS("Invalid speed");
}
}
if (this->first_layer) {
speed = this->config.get_abs_value("first_layer_speed", speed);
}
if (this->volumetric_speed != 0 && speed == 0) {
speed = this->volumetric_speed / path.mm3_per_mm;
}
if (this->config.max_volumetric_speed.value > 0) {
// cap speed with max_volumetric_speed anyway (even if user is not using autospeed)
speed = std::min(
speed,
this->config.max_volumetric_speed.value / path.mm3_per_mm
);
}
double F = speed * 60; // convert mm/sec to mm/min
// extrude arc or line
if (path.is_bridge() && this->enable_cooling_markers)
gcode += ";_BRIDGE_FAN_START\n";
if (lowerSpeed) {
gcode += this->writer.set_speed(600, "", this->enable_cooling_markers ? ";_EXTRUDE_SET_SPEED" : "");
} else {
gcode += this->writer.set_speed(F, "", this->enable_cooling_markers ? ";_EXTRUDE_SET_SPEED" : "");
}
double path_length = 0;
{
std::string comment = this->config.gcode_comments ? description : "";
Lines lines = path.polyline.lines();
for (Lines::const_iterator line = lines.begin(); line != lines.end(); ++line) {
const double line_length = line->length() * SCALING_FACTOR;
path_length += line_length;
gcode += this->writer.extrude_to_xy(
this->point_to_gcode(line->b),
e_per_mm * line_length,
comment
);
if (path_length > 10 && lowerSpeed) {
lowerSpeed = false;
gcode += this->writer.set_speed(F, "", this->enable_cooling_markers ? ";_EXTRUDE_SET_SPEED" : "");
}
}
lowerSpeed = false;
}
if (this->wipe.enable) {
this->wipe.path = path.polyline;
this->wipe.path.reverse();
}
if (path.is_bridge() && this->enable_cooling_markers)
gcode += ";_BRIDGE_FAN_END\n";
this->set_last_pos(path.last_point());
if (this->config.cooling)
this->elapsed_time += path_length / F * 60;
return gcode;
}
bool
BridgeDetector::detect_angle()
{
if (this->_edges.empty() || this->_anchors.empty()) return false;
/* Outset the bridge expolygon by half the amount we used for detecting anchors;
we'll use this one to clip our test lines and be sure that their endpoints
are inside the anchors and not on their contours leading to false negatives. */
Polygons clip_area;
offset(this->expolygon, &clip_area, +this->extrusion_width/2);
/* we'll now try several directions using a rudimentary visibility check:
bridge in several directions and then sum the length of lines having both
endpoints within anchors */
// we test angles according to configured resolution
std::vector<double> angles;
for (int i = 0; i <= PI/this->resolution; ++i)
angles.push_back(i * this->resolution);
// we also test angles of each bridge contour
{
Polygons pp = this->expolygon;
for (Polygons::const_iterator p = pp.begin(); p != pp.end(); ++p) {
Lines lines = p->lines();
for (Lines::const_iterator line = lines.begin(); line != lines.end(); ++line)
angles.push_back(line->direction());
}
}
/* we also test angles of each open supporting edge
(this finds the optimal angle for C-shaped supports) */
for (Polylines::const_iterator edge = this->_edges.begin(); edge != this->_edges.end(); ++edge) {
if (edge->first_point().coincides_with(edge->last_point())) continue;
angles.push_back(Line(edge->first_point(), edge->last_point()).direction());
}
// remove duplicates
double min_resolution = PI/180.0; // 1 degree
std::sort(angles.begin(), angles.end());
for (size_t i = 1; i < angles.size(); ++i) {
if (xd::Geometry::directions_parallel(angles[i], angles[i-1], min_resolution)) {
angles.erase(angles.begin() + i);
--i;
}
}
/* compare first value with last one and remove the greatest one (PI)
in case they are parallel (PI, 0) */
if (xd::Geometry::directions_parallel(angles.front(), angles.back(), min_resolution))
angles.pop_back();
BridgeDirectionComparator bdcomp(this->extrusion_width);
double line_increment = this->extrusion_width;
bool have_coverage = false;
for (std::vector<double>::const_iterator angle = angles.begin(); angle != angles.end(); ++angle) {
Polygons my_clip_area = clip_area;
ExPolygons my_anchors = this->_anchors;
// rotate everything - the center point doesn't matter
for (Polygons::iterator it = my_clip_area.begin(); it != my_clip_area.end(); ++it)
it->rotate(-*angle, Point(0,0));
for (ExPolygons::iterator it = my_anchors.begin(); it != my_anchors.end(); ++it)
it->rotate(-*angle, Point(0,0));
// generate lines in this direction
BoundingBox bb;
for (ExPolygons::const_iterator it = my_anchors.begin(); it != my_anchors.end(); ++it)
bb.merge((Points)*it);
Lines lines;
for (coord_t y = bb.min.y; y <= bb.max.y; y += line_increment)
lines.push_back(Line(Point(bb.min.x, y), Point(bb.max.x, y)));
Lines clipped_lines;
intersection(lines, my_clip_area, &clipped_lines);
// remove any line not having both endpoints within anchors
for (size_t i = 0; i < clipped_lines.size(); ++i) {
Line &line = clipped_lines[i];
if (!xd::Geometry::contains(my_anchors, line.a)
|| !xd::Geometry::contains(my_anchors, line.b)) {
clipped_lines.erase(clipped_lines.begin() + i);
--i;
}
}
std::vector<double> lengths;
double total_length = 0;
for (Lines::const_iterator line = clipped_lines.begin(); line != clipped_lines.end(); ++line) {
double len = line->length();
lengths.push_back(len);
total_length += len;
}
if (total_length) have_coverage = true;
// sum length of bridged lines
bdcomp.dir_coverage[*angle] = total_length;
/* The following produces more correct results in some cases and more broken in others.
TODO: investigate, as it looks more reliable than line clipping. */
// $directions_coverage{$angle} = sum(map $_->area, @{$self->coverage($angle)}) // 0;
// max length of bridged lines
bdcomp.dir_avg_length[*angle] = !lengths.empty()
? *std::max_element(lengths.begin(), lengths.end())
: 0;
}
// if no direction produced coverage, then there's no bridge direction
if (!have_coverage) return false;
// sort directions by score
std::sort(angles.begin(), angles.end(), bdcomp);
this->angle = angles.front();
if (this->angle >= PI) this->angle -= PI;
// #ifdef SLIC3R_DEBUG
// printf(" Optimal infill angle is %d degrees\n", (int)Slic3r::Geometry::rad2deg(this->angle));
// #endif
return true;
}