// h/w clock ASK emulator - initialise data pointers for ISR and start timer 2
// args: clock pulsewidth (NOT period!), data as array of 0/1, repeat
void write_ASK_HW_clock(unsigned int pulse, BYTE *data, unsigned int tpb, unsigned int repeat)
{
// convert to ticks
pulse= CONVERT_TO_TICKS(pulse);
// we only need to tick once per bit
pulse *= (unsigned long) tpb;
// point globals at data for ISR
EMU_ThisBit= *data;
EMU_Data= data + 1;
EMU_Reset_Data= data;
EMU_DataBitRate= 1;
EMU_SubCarrier_T0= 1;
EMU_Repeat= repeat;
// if we're manchester or bi-phase encoding, we want to clock twice as fast so we can toggle on half-bit
if(RFIDlerConfig.Manchester || RFIDlerConfig.BiPhase)
{
pulse /= 2;
EMU_SubCarrier_T0 *= 2;
EMU_DataBitRate *= 2;
}
// make sure no clock is running
stop_HW_clock();
// set mode
EmulationMode= MOD_MODE_ASK_OOK;
// make sure nobody's using our timer
CloseTimer3();
// tri-state on, clock low
READER_CLOCK_ENABLE_ON();
CLOCK_COIL= LOW;
// emulator mode
COIL_MODE_EMULATOR();
// this is also a semaphore so the rest of the code knows we're running
mLED_Emulate_On();
// start timer - ISR will send data
OpenTimer3( T3_ON | T3_PS_1_1 | T3_SOURCE_INT, pulse - 1L);
mT3SetIntPriority(6);
mT3ClearIntFlag();
mT3IntEnable(TRUE);
}
// this routine accepts either binary arrays or binary strings
BOOL rwd_send(unsigned char *command, unsigned int length, BOOL reset, BOOL block, BYTE initial_state, unsigned long fc, unsigned long sleep, unsigned int wake, unsigned int pw0, unsigned int pw1, unsigned int gap, unsigned int post_wait)
{
unsigned int i;
RWD_Fc= fc;
// convert FCs to system ticks
RWD_Sleep_Period= CONVERT_TO_TICKS(sleep * fc);
RWD_Gap_Period= gap * 2;
RWD_One_Gap_Period= gap * 2;
RWD_Zero_Gap_Period= gap * 2;
// convert FCs to OCM ticks
RWD_Wake_Period= wake * 2;
RWD_Zero_Period= pw0 * 2;
RWD_One_Period= pw1 * 2;
RWD_Post_Wait= post_wait * 2;
if(!RWD_Zero_Period || !RWD_One_Period || !RWD_Gap_Period)
return FALSE;
// convert ascii string to bin if required
if(command[0] == '0' || command[0] == '1')
{
if(!binstringtobinarray(RWD_Command_Buff, command))
return FALSE;
}
else
memcpy(RWD_Command_Buff, command, length);
RWD_Command_Buff[length]= '*';
RWD_Command_ThisBit= RWD_Command_Buff;
// start clock and wait for TAG to wake if not already running
// this is needed in case a non-resetting RWD command is issued before any other action has woken tag
if(mGetLED_Clock() == mLED_OFF)
{
RWD_State= RWD_STATE_INACTIVE;
InitHWReaderClock(OC_TOGGLE_PULSE, RWD_Fc / 2L, RWD_Fc, RWD_State);
if(!reset)
Delay_us((RFIDlerConfig.FrameClock * RFIDlerConfig.RWD_Wake_Period) / 100);
}
if(reset)
RWD_State= RWD_STATE_GO_TO_SLEEP;
else
RWD_State= initial_state;
// see if ISR has flagged RWD command finished
if(block)
while(RWD_State != RWD_STATE_ACTIVE)
;
return TRUE;
}
void read_PSK1_HW_clock(unsigned int period, unsigned int ticks, BYTE *data, unsigned int bits, unsigned int timeout_us, unsigned int min_pulse_us)
{
// point globals at data for ISR
EMU_Data= data;
HW_Bits= bits;
PSK_Min_Pulse= min_pulse_us;
PSK_Read_Error= FALSE;
memset(EMU_Data, '\0', bits);
// stop USB interfering
USBMaskInterrupts();
// start clock if not already running
if(!mGetLED_Clock() == mLED_ON)
{
InitHWReaderClock(OC_TOGGLE_PULSE, period / 2L, period, RWD_STATE_ACTIVE);
// give reader time to wake up and settle
Delay_us((RFIDlerConfig.FrameClock * RFIDlerConfig.RWD_Wake_Period) / 100);
}
// reset timer for timeout
GetTimer_us(RESET);
// align ourselves to reader's bit period by finding start of a pulse
while(READER_DATA)
if(timeout_us)
if (GetTimer_us(NO_RESET) > timeout_us)
return;
while(!READER_DATA)
if(timeout_us)
if (GetTimer_us(NO_RESET) > timeout_us)
return;
// reset timer for external timeouts
GetTimer_us(RESET);
// start ISR to read PSK data
InitHWReaderISR(CONVERT_TO_TICKS(period) * ticks - 1L, TRUE);
}
// h/w clock PSK emulator - initialise data pointers for ISR and start timer 2
// args: clock period, data as array of 0/1, fc per bit, sub-carrier ticks, repeat
void write_PSK1_HW_clock(unsigned int period, BYTE *data, unsigned int fcpb, unsigned int c0, unsigned int repeat)
{
// convert to ticks
period= CONVERT_TO_TICKS(period);
// for psk we want a full clock cycle, not a tick
period *= 2;
// point globals at data for ISR
EMU_ThisBit= *data;
EMU_Data= data + 1;
EMU_Reset_Data= data;
EMU_DataBitRate= fcpb;
EMU_SubCarrier_T0= c0;
EMU_Repeat= repeat;
// set mode
EmulationMode= MOD_MODE_PSK1;
// make sure no clock is running
stop_HW_clock();
// make sure nobody's using our timers
CloseTimer3();
// tri-state on, clock low
READER_CLOCK_ENABLE_ON();
CLOCK_COIL= LOW;
// emulator mode
COIL_MODE_EMULATOR();
// this is also a semaphore so the rest of the code knows we're running
mLED_Emulate_On();
// start timer - ISR will send data
OpenTimer3( T3_ON | T3_PS_1_1 | T3_SOURCE_INT, period / 2L - 1L);
mT3SetIntPriority(6);
mT3ClearIntFlag();
mT3IntEnable(TRUE);
}
// h/w clock FSK emulator - initialise data pointers for ISR and start timer 2
// args: clock pulsewidth (NOT period!), data as array of 0/1, T0 sub-carrier ticks, T1 sub-carrier ticks, repeat
void write_FSK_HW_clock(unsigned long pulse, BYTE *data, unsigned int tpb, unsigned int t0, unsigned int t1, unsigned int repeat)
{
// convert to ticks
pulse= CONVERT_TO_TICKS(pulse);
// point globals at data for ISR
EMU_ThisBit= *data;
EMU_Data= data + 1;
EMU_Reset_Data= data;
EMU_Repeat= repeat;
EMU_DataBitRate= tpb;
EMU_SubCarrier_T0= t0;
EMU_SubCarrier_T1= t1;
// set mode
EmulationMode= MOD_MODE_FSK;
// make sure no clock is running
stop_HW_clock();
// make sure nobody's using our timer
CloseTimer3();
// emulator mode
COIL_MODE_EMULATOR();
// tri-state on, clock low
READER_CLOCK_ENABLE_ON();
CLOCK_COIL= LOW;
// this is also a semaphore so the rest of the code knows we're running
mLED_Emulate_On();
// start timer - ISR will send data
OpenTimer3( T3_ON | T3_PS_1_1 | T3_SOURCE_INT, pulse - 1L);
mT3SetIntPriority(6);
mT3ClearIntFlag();
mT3IntEnable(TRUE);
}
// h/w clock reader - initialise data pointers for ISR and start timers
// timer2 creates clock output for external reader
// timer4 reads data bit values
// period_us == clock for reader
// ticks == clock periods per bit
// bits == number of bits to read
// oneshot must be set if we are reading data in response to RWD, so no repeating stream
BOOL read_ASK_HW_clock(unsigned int period, unsigned int ticks, BYTE *data, unsigned int bits, unsigned int timeout_us, BOOL oneshot)
{
unsigned long dwell, time;
BYTE count;
Manchester_Error= FALSE;
// if we're manchester or bi-phase encoding, we want to clock twice as fast so we can read both halves of the bit
if(RFIDlerConfig.Manchester || RFIDlerConfig.BiPhase)
{
ticks /= 2;
HW_Bits= (unsigned long) bits * 2;
}
else
HW_Bits= (unsigned long) bits;
// point globals at data for ISR
EMU_Data= data;
memset(EMU_Data, '\0', bits);
// stop USB interfering
USBMaskInterrupts();
// start clock if not already running
if(!mGetLED_Clock() == mLED_ON)
{
InitHWReaderClock(OC_TOGGLE_PULSE, period / 2L, period, RWD_STATE_ACTIVE);
// give reader time to wake up and settle
Delay_us((RFIDlerConfig.FrameClock * RFIDlerConfig.RWD_Wake_Period) / 100);
}
// align ourselves to reader's bit period by waiting until the end of a pulse
GetTimer_us(RESET);
count= READER_DATA;
while(count == READER_DATA)
if(GetTimer_us(NO_RESET) > timeout_us)
return FALSE;
// convert to ticks
period= CONVERT_TO_TICKS(period);
// biphase cannot auto-align when it detects a half-bit error, so we must align
// on a full bit before we start
if(!oneshot && RFIDlerConfig.BiPhase)
{
dwell= period * ticks * 2;
count= 0;
while((time= get_reader_gap(timeout_us)))
{
if(!time || count == 255)
return;
else
if(approx(time, dwell, 10))
break;
++count;
}
}
// wait for half the bit period so we sample mid-tick, not just as bit is toggling
dwell= ((period * ticks) / 2L);
GetTimer_ticks(RESET);
//DEBUG_PIN_2= HIGH;
while(GetTimer_ticks(NO_RESET) < dwell)
;
// reset timer for external timeouts
GetTimer_us(RESET);
//DEBUG_PIN_2= LOW;
// re-start reader ISR to read this bit if required
InitHWReaderISR(period * ticks - 1L, TRUE);
return TRUE;
}
BOOL read_FSK_HW_clock(unsigned int period, unsigned int ticks, BYTE *data, unsigned int bits, unsigned int timeout_us)
{
unsigned int gaplength;
// point globals at data for ISR
EMU_Data= data;
HW_Bits= bits;
memset(EMU_Data, '\0', bits);
// stop USB interfering
USBMaskInterrupts();
// start clock if not already running
if(!mGetLED_Clock() == mLED_ON)
{
InitHWReaderClock(OC_TOGGLE_PULSE, period / 2L, period, RWD_STATE_ACTIVE);
// give reader time to wake up and settle
Delay_us((RFIDlerConfig.FrameClock * RFIDlerConfig.RWD_Wake_Period) / 100);
}
// reset timer for timeout
GetTimer_us(RESET);
// align ourselves to reader's bit period by finding the end of a pulse train.
// we can do this by measuring the gaps. when they become significantly different
// sized (more than 25%), we have just switched frequency.
// find the start of a pulse
while(READER_DATA)
if(timeout_us)
if (GetTimer_us(NO_RESET) > timeout_us)
return FALSE;
while(!READER_DATA)
if(timeout_us)
if (GetTimer_us(NO_RESET) > timeout_us)
return FALSE;
while(READER_DATA)
if(timeout_us)
if (GetTimer_us(NO_RESET) > timeout_us)
return FALSE;
// reset timer so we can meausure gap period
GetTimer_us(RESET);
while(!READER_DATA)
if(timeout_us)
if (GetTimer_us(NO_RESET) > timeout_us)
return FALSE;
gaplength= GetTimer_us(RESET);
// now look for a gap that doesn't match
while(42)
{
while(READER_DATA)
if(timeout_us)
if (GetTimer_us(NO_RESET) > timeout_us)
return FALSE;
GetTimer_us(TRUE);
while(!READER_DATA)
if(timeout_us)
if (GetTimer_us(NO_RESET) > timeout_us)
return FALSE;
if(!approx(GetTimer_us(NO_RESET), gaplength, FSK_TOLERANCE))
break;
}
// reset timer for external timeouts
GetTimer_us(RESET);
// start ISR to read FSK data
InitHWReaderISR(CONVERT_TO_TICKS(period) * ticks - 1L, TRUE);
return TRUE;
}
// DATA reading ISR
void __ISR(_TIMER_4_VECTOR, ipl7auto) HW_read_bit(void)
{
static unsigned long count= 0L;
unsigned int time;
static char out, previous= -1;
BYTE i, *p;
BOOL fskread= FALSE;
// show trigger moment (you must also set end of routine debugger statement)
//DEBUG_PIN_2= HIGH;
// reset interrupt
mT4ClearIntFlag();
// toggle bit period flag for analogue sampler
ReaderPeriod= !ReaderPeriod;
if(FakeRead)
return;
// don't do anything unless we've got data to read - we may have been left running due to higher level error.
if(!HW_Bits)
{
stop_HW_reader_ISR();
return;
}
// debugging - monitor with a logic analyser
// show data value
//DEBUG_PIN_3= READER_DATA;
switch(RFIDlerConfig.Modulation)
{
case MOD_MODE_ASK_OOK:
// get current bit value
out= READER_DATA;
// check for manchester encoding sync/errors
if(RFIDlerConfig.Manchester && count)
{
// the 2nd half bit may not be equal to the 1st
// this error is allowed to occur exactly once, in which case we
// are out of sync so we slip timing by half a bit
if(count % 2 && out == previous)
{
//DEBUG_PIN_4= !DEBUG_PIN_4;
// error LED on
mLED_Error_On();
if(Manchester_Error)
{
//DEBUG_PIN_4= !DEBUG_PIN_4;
// 2 strikes and we fail!
count= 0L;
previous= -1;
Manchester_Auto_Correct= FALSE;
stop_HW_reader_ISR();
return;
}
else
{
//DEBUG_PIN_4= !DEBUG_PIN_4;
// 1st error - reset data and start again, now offset by a half bit.
Manchester_Error= TRUE;
//DEBUG_PIN_2= LOW;
// special case - if tag can start with a '0' (i.e. there is no initial '1' as a sync
// bit, it will look like a 1/2 bit error, but we may only detect the error later on,
// so we must correct all the previous mis-reads, offset the count by 1/2 a bit and
// complete this read
if(Manchester_Auto_Correct && count != 1)
{
for(i= 0, p= EMU_Data ; i <= count / 2L ; ++i, --p)
*p= !*(p);
--count;
}
else
{
EMU_Data -= (count / 2L);
count= 1L;
// successful read resets timeout
WriteTimer5(0);
return;
}
}
}
}
// now set data bit
// biphase is 1 if mid-bit change or 0 if no mid-bit change
if(RFIDlerConfig.BiPhase && count % 2L)
{
if(previous == out)
*(EMU_Data++)= 0x00 ^ RFIDlerConfig.Invert;
else
*(EMU_Data++)= 0x01 ^ RFIDlerConfig.Invert;
//DEBUG_PIN_1= *(EMU_Data - 1);
// successful read resets timeout
WriteTimer5(0);
}
// read data direct for normal ASK
if(!RFIDlerConfig.Manchester && !RFIDlerConfig.BiPhase)
{
//DEBUG_PIN_1= out;
*(EMU_Data++)= out ^ RFIDlerConfig.Invert;
// successful read resets timeout
WriteTimer5(0);
}
// read only 2nd half of bit if manchester
if (RFIDlerConfig.Manchester && count % 2L)
{
//DEBUG_PIN_1= out;
// always invert as we are now reading 2nd half bit, so opposite value
*(EMU_Data++)= !(out ^ RFIDlerConfig.Invert);
// successful read resets timeout
WriteTimer5(0);
}
previous= out;
break;
case MOD_MODE_FSK1:
case MOD_MODE_FSK2:
// to read FSK we will measure a pulse width. we must stop before end of bit period so we don't
// get caught by the next interrupt. accordingly our time period is shortened by 20%, but
// that should be OK as we only need to see a single pulse.
//DEBUG_PIN_4= !DEBUG_PIN_4;
//time= CONVERT_TO_TICKS(RFIDlerConfig.FrameClock * (RFIDlerConfig.DataRate - (RFIDlerConfig.DataRate / 5)));
time= RFIDlerConfig.FrameClock * (RFIDlerConfig.DataRate - (RFIDlerConfig.DataRate / 5));
GetTimer_us(RESET);
// measure 2nd pulse
while(GetTimer_us(NO_RESET) < time && !fskread)
{
fskread= TRUE;
//DEBUG_PIN_4= !DEBUG_PIN_4;
// skip to first pulse
while(READER_DATA)
if(GetTimer_us(NO_RESET) > time)
{
fskread= FALSE;
break;
}
while(!READER_DATA)
if(GetTimer_us(NO_RESET) > time)
{
fskread= FALSE;
break;
}
// skip first pulse
while(READER_DATA)
if(GetTimer_us(NO_RESET) > time)
{
fskread= FALSE;
break;
}
while(!READER_DATA)
if(GetTimer_us(NO_RESET) > time)
{
fskread= FALSE;
break;
}
// measure second pulse
GetTimer_us(RESET);
//DEBUG_PIN_4= !DEBUG_PIN_4;
while(READER_DATA)
if(GetTimer_us(NO_RESET) > time)
{
fskread= FALSE;
break;
}
}
//DEBUG_PIN_4= !DEBUG_PIN_4;
// successful read resets timeout
if(fskread)
*(EMU_Data++)= GetTimer_us(RESET); // get pulsewidth in uS
break;
// TODO: PSK2, PSK3
case MOD_MODE_PSK1:
// READER_DATA goes high when a phase change occurs
// we toggle bit value on phase change
// data line should go high at start of bit period, but to allow for some lag
// we will wait for up to a full frame clock just to be sure
time= CONVERT_TO_TICKS(RFIDlerConfig.FrameClock);
WriteTimer5(0);
while(ReadTimer5() < time)
if(READER_DATA)
break;
// show toggle output
//DEBUG_PIN_1 ^= READER_DATA;
// get data
out ^= (READER_DATA ^ RFIDlerConfig.Invert);
// test read quality - pulsewidth wil be short if tag not correctly coupled
if(PSK_Min_Pulse && READER_DATA)
{
// fast reset timer
WriteTimer5(0);
//DEBUG_PIN_1 ^= 1;
while(READER_DATA)
;
time= GetTimer_us(NO_RESET);
if(time < PSK_Min_Pulse)
PSK_Read_Error= 1;
//DEBUG_PIN_1 ^= 1;
}
*(EMU_Data++)= out;
// successful read resets timeout
WriteTimer5(0);
break;
default:
break;
}
++count;
// debugging - reset output line
//DEBUG_PIN_2= LOW;
// finished?
if(count == HW_Bits)
{
HW_Bits= count= 0L;
previous= -1;
// if only 1 manchester error caught, that's OK
Manchester_Error= FALSE;
// caller must reset this to use again
Manchester_Auto_Correct= FALSE;
mLED_Error_Off();
// stop reading, but leave clock running to preserve tag state - higher level will shut down when done
stop_HW_reader_ISR();
}
}