void MODUS (void)
{
vergleichswert = PORTB;
kanalwert = vergleichswert && 0b00000111;
moduswert = vergleichswert && 0b11111000;
switch (moduswert)
{
case 0b00000000 :
KANALANZEIGE();
break;
case 0b00001000 :
OSCI();
break;
case 0b00010000:
INTRO();
break;
}
while(1)
{
//SCHRIFT ();
//xpicpointer=&xpicture2[0];
//ypicpointer=&ypicture2[0];
//BILD();
//triggerport=1;
//oscitemp=8;
//OSCI();
//ANIMATION();
}
}
*/
/*
djmw 20020422 GPL + removed "C syntax" part of manpage
djmw 20101009 Latest modification
*/
#include "ManPagesM.h"
#include "MFCC.h"
void manual_LPC_init (ManPages me);
void manual_LPC_init (ManPages me)
{
MAN_BEGIN (L"CC: Paint...", L"djmw", 20040407)
INTRO (L"A command to paint the cepstral coefficients in shades of grey.")
ENTRY (L"Settings")
TAG (L"##From coefficient#, ##To coefficient#")
DEFINITION (L"the range of coefficients that will be represented.")
MAN_END
MAN_BEGIN (L"CC: To DTW...", L"djmw", 19960918)
INTRO (L"You can choose this command after selecting 2 objects with cepstral "
"coefficients (two @MFCC's or @LFCC's). "
"With this command you perform dynamic time warping. ")
ENTRY (L"Algorithm")
NORMAL (L"First we calculate distances between cepstral coefficients: ")
LIST_ITEM (L"The distance between frame %i (from me) and %j (from thee) is:")
LIST_ITEM (L" %wc \\.c %d1 + %wle \\.c %d2 + %wr \\.c %d3,")
LIST_ITEM (L" where %wc, %wle & %wr are user-supplied weights and")
LIST_ITEM (L" %d1 = \\su (%k=1..%nCoefficients; (%c__%ik_ - %c__%jk_)^2)")
#include "ManPagesM.h"
#include "FFNet.h"
static void drawFFNet_345 (Graphics g)
{
autoFFNet me = FFNet_create (3, 4, 0, 5, 0);
FFNet_drawTopology (me.peek(), g);
}
void manual_FFNet_init (ManPages me);
void manual_FFNet_init (ManPages me)
{
MAN_BEGIN (L"epoch", L"djmw", 20040428)
INTRO (L"A term that is often used in the context of machine learning. An epoch is one complete "
"presentation of the %%data set to be learned% to a learning machine.")
NORMAL (L"Learning machines like @@FFNet|feedforward neural nets@ that use iterative algorithms "
"often need many epochs during their learning phase.")
NORMAL (L"A @@Discriminant|discriminant classifier@ is also a learning machine. "
"However, in contrast with neural nets a discriminant classifier only needs one epoch to learn.")
MAN_END
MAN_BEGIN (L"Feedforward neural networks", L"djmw", 20040511)
INTRO (L"This tutorial describes the use of @FFNet feedforward neural networks in P\\s{RAAT}. ")
NORMAL (L"@@Feedforward neural networks 1. What is a feedforward neural network?|1. What is a feedforward neural network?@")
LIST_ITEM (L" @@Feedforward neural networks 1.1. The learning phase|1.1 The learning phase")
LIST_ITEM (L" @@Feedforward neural networks 1.2. The classification phase|1.2 The classification phase")
NORMAL (L"@@Feedforward neural networks 2. Quick start|2. Quick start@")
NORMAL (L"@@Feedforward neural networks 3. FFNet versus discriminant classifier|3. FFNet versus discriminant classifier@")
NORMAL (L"@@Feedforward neural networks 4. Command overview|4. Command overview@")
MAN_END
* along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
* Foundation, Inc., 675 Mass Ave, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.
*/
/*
20050709 djmw
*/
#include "ManPagesM.h"
void manual_Permutation_init (ManPages me);
void manual_Permutation_init (ManPages me)
{
MAN_BEGIN (U"Permutation", U"djmw", 20050721)
INTRO (U"One of the @@types of objects@ in Praat. A Permutation object with %n elements consists of some ordering of "
"the numbers 1,2...%n.")
ENTRY (U"Interpretation")
NORMAL (U"A permutation like for example (2,3,5,4,1) is an %arrangement of the five objects 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5. "
"It tells us that the second object is in the first position, the third object is in the second position, "
"the fifth object in the third position and so on.")
NORMAL (U"If we combine a Permutation together with an other object, like a Strings for example, we may force a "
"new arrangement of the strings, according to the specification in the Permutation (see @@Strings & Permutation: Permute strings@)." )
ENTRY (U"Commands")
NORMAL (U"Creation:")
LIST_ITEM (U"\\bu @@Create Permutation...@")
NORMAL (U"Query:")
LIST_ITEM (U"\\bu ##Get number of elements#")
LIST_ITEM (U"\\bu @@Permutation: Get value...|Get value...@")
LIST_ITEM (U"\\bu @@Permutation: Get index...|Get index...@")
NORMAL (U"Modification:")
LIST_ITEM (U"\\bu @@Permutation: Sort|Sort@")
* WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
* MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.
* See the GNU General Public License for more details.
*
* You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
* along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
* Foundation, Inc., 675 Mass Ave, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.
*/
#include "ManPagesM.h"
void manual_statistics_init (ManPages me);
void manual_statistics_init (ManPages me) {
MAN_BEGIN (L"Statistics", L"ppgb", 20060506)
INTRO (L"This is the tutorial about basic statistical techniques in Praat, which work "
"with the @Table object or even directly from the @Goodies menu. It assumes that you are familiar with the @Intro.")
NORMAL (L"(Under construction..................)")
NORMAL (L"Goodies menu:")
LIST_ITEM (L"• @@Difference of two proportions@")
NORMAL (L"For a selected Table:")
LIST_ITEM (L"• @@Logistic regression@")
NORMAL (L"For more sophisticated techniques, see:")
LIST_ITEM (L"• @@Principal component analysis@")
LIST_ITEM (L"• @@Multidimensional scaling@")
LIST_ITEM (L"• @@Discriminant analysis@")
MAN_END
MAN_BEGIN (L"Difference of two proportions", L"ppgb", 20090717)
INTRO (L"This page explains how you compute the significance of a difference between two proportions "
"with a %\\ci^2 (chi-square) test.")
ENTRY (L"1. Example of normal use")
* MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.
* See the GNU General Public License for more details.
*
* You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
* along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
* Foundation, Inc., 675 Mass Ave, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.
*/
#include "ManPagesM.h"
void manual_EEG_init (ManPages me);
void manual_EEG_init (ManPages me) {
MAN_BEGIN (L"EEG", L"ppgb", 20120511)
INTRO (L"EEG means electro-encephalography: brain potentials recorded via e.g. 32 or 64 electrodes on the scalp. "
"In Praat, an EEG object looks like a combination of a Sound object with e.g. 32 or 64 channels "
"and a TextGrid object that marks the events.")
ENTRY (L"1. How to get an EEG object in Praat")
NORMAL (L"You typically create an EEG object in Praat by opening a BDF/EDF file with @@Read from file...@. "
"Praat tries to read the whole file into memory, so you may want to work with a 64-bit edition of Praat "
"if you want to avoid \"out of memory\" messages.")
NORMAL (L"After you do ##Read from file...#, an EEG object will appear in the list of objects.")
ENTRY (L"2. How to look into an EEG object")
NORMAL (L"Once you have an EEG object in the list, you can click ##View & Edit# to look into it. "
"You will typically see the first 8 channels, but you scroll to the other channels by clicking on the up and down arrows. "
"You can scroll and zoom in the same way as in a Sound window.")
NORMAL (L"The channel names that you see are often A1, A2, ... A32, B1, B2, ... B32, C1, C2, ... C32, and so on. These represent the cap electrodes. "
"If the number of cap electrodes is 32, though, the channel names are Fp1, AF3, ... Cz, "
"and if it is 64, the channel names are Fp1, AF7, ... O2. You can change these names with "
"##Set channel name...# from the #Modify menu.")
NORMAL (L"Below the cap electrodes you may see a number of channels for the external electrodes. "
* along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
* Foundation, Inc., 675 Mass Ave, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.
*/
/*
20050709 djmw
*/
#include "ManPagesM.h"
void manual_Permutation_init (ManPages me);
void manual_Permutation_init (ManPages me)
{
MAN_BEGIN (L"Permutation", L"djmw", 20050721)
INTRO (L"One of the @@types of objects@ in Praat. A Permutation object with %n elements consists of some ordering of "
"the numbers 1,2...%n.")
ENTRY (L"Interpretation")
NORMAL (L"A permutation like for example (2,3,5,4,1) is an %arrangement of the five objects 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5. "
"It tells us that the second object is in the first position, the third object is in the second position, "
"the fifth object in the third position and so on.")
NORMAL (L"If we combine a Permutation together with an other object, like a Strings for example, we may force a "
"new arrangement of the strings, according to the specification in the Permutation (see @@Strings & Permutation: Permute strings@)." )
ENTRY (L"Commands")
NORMAL (L"Creation:")
LIST_ITEM (L"\\bu @@Create Permutation...@")
NORMAL (L"Query:")
LIST_ITEM (L"\\bu ##Get number of elements#")
LIST_ITEM (L"\\bu @@Permutation: Get value...|Get value...@")
LIST_ITEM (L"\\bu @@Permutation: Get index...|Get index...@")
NORMAL (L"Modification:")
LIST_ITEM (L"\\bu @@Permutation: Sort|Sort@")
* WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
* MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.
* See the GNU General Public License for more details.
*
* You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
* along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
* Foundation, Inc., 675 Mass Ave, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.
*/
#include "ManPagesM.h"
void manual_Manual_init (ManPages me);
void manual_Manual_init (ManPages me) {
MAN_BEGIN (L"Manual", L"ppgb", 20110101)
INTRO (L"The documentation system for the Praat program.")
NORMAL (L"You will get a manual window every time you choose anything from a #Help menu or press a #Help button.")
ENTRY (L"How to find what you are looking for")
NORMAL (L"You can navigate the manual in several ways:")
LIST_ITEM (L"\\bu To go to the Intro, use the #Home button.")
LIST_ITEM (L"\\bu To go to the information behind a %link (a piece of blue text), just click on it.")
LIST_ITEM (L"\\bu To go forward and backward through a tutorial with numbered pages, use ##1 ># and ##< 1#.")
LIST_ITEM (L"\\bu To %revisit previous pages, use the #< and #> buttons.")
LIST_ITEM (L"\\bu To browse %alphabetically, use the horizontal scroll bar and the buttons "
"named ##< 1# and ##1 >#, or the ##Search for page (list)...# command in the ##Go to# menu.")
LIST_ITEM (L"\\bu To find a page with a %%known title%, use the ##Search for page...# command.")
NORMAL (L"The fastest way to find what you want is usually the #Search button.")
ENTRY (L"Search")
NORMAL (L"In the text field after the Search button, you can type strings, separated by spaces. "
"When you press the #Return (or #Enter) key, or click the #Search button, "
"all manual pages are searched for the combination of strings that you typed. "
* along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
* Foundation, Inc., 675 Mass Ave, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.
*/
/*
djmw 20101227 Initial version
*/
#include "ManPagesM.h"
void manual_BSS (ManPages me);
void manual_BSS (ManPages me)
{
MAN_BEGIN (L"CrossCorrelationTable", L"djmw", 20110105)
INTRO (L"One of the types of objects in Praat. A CrossCorrelationTable represents the cross-correlations between "
"a number of signals. Cell [%i,%j] of a CrossCorrelationTable contains the cross-correlation between the %i-th "
"and the %j-th signal. For example, the CrossCorrelationTable of an %n-channel sound is a %n\\xx%n table where "
"the number in cell [%i,%j] is the cross-correlation of channel %i with channel %j (for a particular lag time %\\ta).")
NORMAL (L"A CrossCorrelationTable has a square matrix whose cells contain the cross-correlations between "
"the signals and a centroid vector with the average value of each signal.")
ENTRY (L"Remarks")
NORMAL (L"Sometimes in the statistical literature, the cross-correlation between signals is also called "
"\"covariance\". However, the only thing a @@Covariance@ has in common with a CrossCorrelationTable is that "
"both are symmetric matrices. The differences between a CrossCorrelationTable and a Covariance are:")
TAG (L"1. a Covariance matrix is always positive-definite; for a cross-correlation table this is only guaranteed if "
"the lag time %\\ta = 0.")
TAG (L"2. The elements %%c__ij_% in a Covariance always satisfy |%%c__ij_%/\\Vr(%%c__ii_%\\.c%%c__jj_%)| \\<_ 1; this is "
"generally not the case for cross-correlations.")
MAN_END
MAN_BEGIN (L"CrossCorrelationTables", L"djmw", 20101227)
INTRO (L"One of the types of objects in Praat. A CrossCorrelationTables represents a collection of @@CrossCorrelationTable@ objects.")
// Main Function
void _main(void)
{
signed char STATUS, a;
int plinkos;
unsigned char *Home = malloc(LCD_SIZE); // Allocate the SAVE_SCREEN buffer
if (Home == NULL) {
Error_Memory();
return;
}
LCD_save(Home); // Save LCD HomeScreen Contents
virtual_dark = malloc ( LCD_SIZE ); // Allocate the dark buffer
if (virtual_dark == NULL) {Error_Memory(); return; }
virtual_light=malloc ( LCD_SIZE ); // Allocate the light buffer
if (virtual_light == NULL) {
free(virtual_dark);
Error_Memory();
return;
}
randomize();
if (Gray_prep() == QUIT) {
Error_Memory();
goto end;
}
if (makefile() == QUIT) // Tests whether or not we need a default save file and installs one if the
// user doesn't already have one on their calc
goto end;
for(a = 10; a--;)
FADE_LIGHTER();
// Clears both Hidden Gray planes
ClearGrayScreen2B(Hiddenl, Hiddend);
GraySpriteX8_OR(52, 37, 27, titlel, titled, 7, Hiddenl, Hiddend);
FontSetSys (F_4x6);
GrayDBufSetHiddenAMSPlane (DARK_PLANE);
DrawStr(122, 94, "-- By Fisch", A_NORMAL);
GrayDBufSetHiddenAMSPlane (LIGHT_PLANE);
DrawStr(123, 95, "-- By Fisch", A_NORMAL);
GrayDBufToggleSync(); // switches two sets of planes
for(a = 10; a--;)
FADE_DARKER();
Waitkey();
NEW_GAME:
if ((STATUS = MENU()) == QUIT)
goto end;
if ((plinkos = PRODUCTS()) == QUIT)
goto end;
if ((STATUS = INTRO()) == QUIT)
goto end;
if ((STATUS = main_game(plinkos)) == QUIT)
goto end;
goto NEW_GAME;
end:
// Clean up at end of Program
Cleanup();
if (Home) {
LCD_restore(Home);
free(Home);
GKeyFlush();
ST_helpMsg("Plinko --By Travis Fischer");
}
}
* WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
* MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.
* See the GNU General Public License for more details.
*
* You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
* along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
* Foundation, Inc., 675 Mass Ave, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.
*/
#include "ManPagesM.h"
void manual_formant_init (ManPages me);
void manual_formant_init (ManPages me) {
MAN_BEGIN (L"Create FormantGrid...", L"ppgb", 20080425)
INTRO (L"A command in the @@New menu@ to create an empty @FormantGrid object.")
ENTRY (L"Settings")
TAG (L"##Start time (s)")
TAG (L"##End time (s)")
DEFINITION (L"the @@time domain@ of the resulting FormantGrid.")
TAG (L"##Number of formants# (e.g. 10)")
DEFINITION (L"the number of formants in the resulting FormantGrid. For instance, if you set this to 10, "
"the resulting FormantGrid will contain 10 formant tiers (for F1 through F10) "
"and 10 bandwidth tiers (for B1 through B10). Each of these 20 tiers will contain one point.")
TAG (L"##Initial first formant# (e.g. 550 Hz)")
DEFINITION (L"the frequency value of the single formant point in the first formant tier. "
"Because of @@constant extrapolation@, F1 will have this value throughout the time domain.")
TAG (L"##Initial formant spacing# (e.g. 1100 Hz)")
DEFINITION (L"the difference between the frequency values of the points in adjacent formant tiers. "
"For instance, the example values mentioned here cause F2 to be 1650 Hz throughout the time domain; "
"F3 will be 2750 Hz, F4 will be 3850 Hz, and so on.")
* WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
* MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.
* See the GNU General Public License for more details.
*
* You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
* along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
* Foundation, Inc., 675 Mass Ave, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.
*/
#include "ManPagesM.h"
void manual_programming_init (ManPages me);
void manual_programming_init (ManPages me) {
MAN_BEGIN (U"Interoperability", U"ppgb", 20151107)
INTRO (U"You can use Praat in workflows that involve other programs.")
ENTRY (U"1. General ways to access Praat from other programs")
NORMAL (U"• To send messages from another program to a running Praat, use @@sendpraat@. "
"This method is used by the programs CHAT (Childes) and Phon to view a sound in a Sound window.")
NORMAL (U"• To execute a Praat script as a subprocess of another program, see @@Scripting 6.9. Calling from the command line@.")
ENTRY (U"2. General ways to access other programs from Praat")
NORMAL (U"• To execute another program as a subprocess of Praat, see @@Scripting 6.5. Calling system commands@.")
ENTRY (U"3. Files")
NORMAL (U"• Many programs read and/or write Praat TextGrid files. If you want create a TextGrid reading or writing procedure, "
"consult @@TextGrid file formats@.")
MAN_END
MAN_BEGIN (U"TextGrid file formats", U"ppgb", 20151107)
INTRO (U"This page describes the syntax and semantics of TextGrid files that Praat can read and/or write.")
ENTRY (U"1. The full text format of a minimal TextGrid")
NORMAL (U"If you record a Sound with a druation of 2.3 seconds, and then do ##To TextGrid...#, "
* WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
* MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.
* See the GNU General Public License for more details.
*
* You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
* along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
* Foundation, Inc., 675 Mass Ave, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.
*/
#include "ManPagesM.h"
void manual_soundFiles_init (ManPages me);
void manual_soundFiles_init (ManPages me) {
MAN_BEGIN (U"Sound files", U"ppgb", 20070602)
INTRO (U"This tutorial describes the sound files that you can read "
"and write with Praat. It assumes you are familiar with the @Intro.")
NORMAL (U"You can read this tutorial sequentially with the help of the \"< 1\" and \"1 >\" buttons.")
LIST_ITEM (U"1. @@Sound files 1. General structure|General structure@")
LIST_ITEM1 (U"1.1. @@Sound files 1.1. Sampling|Sampling@ (sampling frequency)")
LIST_ITEM1 (U"1.2. @@Sound files 1.2. Quantization|Quantization@ (linear, endian, μ-law, A-law)")
LIST_ITEM1 (U"1.3. @@Sound files 1.3. Channels|Channels@ (mono, stereo)")
LIST_ITEM1 (U"1.4. @@Sound files 1.4. The header|The header@")
LIST_ITEM1 (U"1.5. @@Sound files 1.5. Size|Size@")
LIST_ITEM1 (U"1.6. @@Sound files 1.6. Compression|Compression@")
LIST_ITEM (U"2. @@Sound files 2. File types|File types@")
LIST_ITEM1 (U"2.1. @@Sound files 2.1. WAV files|WAV files@")
LIST_ITEM1 (U"2.2. @@Sound files 2.2. AIFF files|AIFF files@")
LIST_ITEM1 (U"2.3. @@Sound files 2.3. AIFC files|AIFC files@")
LIST_ITEM1 (U"2.4. @@Sound files 2.4. NeXT/Sun (.au) files|NeXT/Sun (.au) files@")
LIST_ITEM1 (U"2.5. @@Sound files 2.5. NIST files|NIST files@")
LIST_ITEM1 (U"2.6. @@Sound files 2.6. FLAC files|FLAC files@")
* WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
* MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.
* See the GNU General Public License for more details.
*
* You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
* along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
* Foundation, Inc., 675 Mass Ave, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.
*/
#include "ManPagesM.h"
void manual_annotation_init (ManPages me);
void manual_annotation_init (ManPages me) {
MAN_BEGIN (L"Create TextGrid...", L"ppgb", 20101228)
INTRO (L"A command to create a @TextGrid from scratch.")
ENTRY (L"Settings")
TAG (L"##Start time (s)")
DEFINITION (L"the start time, usually 0 seconds.")
TAG (L"##End time (s)")
DEFINITION (L"the end time in seconds, usually the duration.")
TAG (L"##Tier names")
DEFINITION (L"a list of the names of the tiers that you want to create, separated by spaces.")
TAG (L"##Point tiers")
DEFINITION (L"a list of the names of the tiers that you want to be %%point tiers%; "
"the rest of the tiers will be %%interval tiers%.")
MAN_END
MAN_BEGIN (L"PointProcess: To TextGrid...", L"ppgb", 19980113)
INTRO (L"A command to create an empty @TextGrid from every selected @PointProcess.")
NORMAL (L"The only information in the PointProcess that is used, is its starting and finishing times.")
* WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
* MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU
* General Public License for more details.
*
* You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
* along with this work. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
*/
#include "ManPagesM.h"
void manual_KlattGrid (ManPages me);
void manual_KlattGrid (ManPages me)
{
MAN_BEGIN (U"KlattGrid", U"djmw", 20140117)
INTRO (U"A KlattGrid represents the source-filter model as a function of time. It consists of a number of tiers that model aspects of the source and the filter, and the interaction between source and filter. The KlattGrid implements a superset of the speech synthesizer described in figure 14 in the @@Klatt & Klatt (1990)@ article.")
NORMAL (U"The following drawing represents a cascade synthesizer with six oral formants, one nasal formant, "
"one nasal antiformant, one tracheal formant, one tracheal antiformant and six frication formants. ")
SCRIPT (7.0, 6.5,
U"Create KlattGrid: \"kg\", 0, 1, 6, 1, 1, 6, 1, 1, 1\n"
"Draw synthesizer: \"Cascade\"\n"
"Remove\n")
NORMAL (U"In the next picture a parallel synthesizer branch is used instead of the cascade one.")
SCRIPT (7.0, 6.5,
U"Create KlattGrid: \"kg\", 0, 1, 6, 1, 1, 6, 1, 1, 1\n"
"Draw synthesizer... Parallel\n"
"Remove\n")
NORMAL (U"All parameters in the synthesizer are represented by separate tiers.")
ENTRY (U"The source")
NORMAL (U"The source is modelled by the following tiers:")
TAG (U"##Pitch")
* See the GNU General Public License for more details.
*
* You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
* along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
* Foundation, Inc., 675 Mass Ave, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.
*/
#include "ManPagesM.h"
#include "Sound.h"
void manual_Sampling_init (ManPages me);
void manual_Sampling_init (ManPages me) {
MAN_BEGIN (L"Get sampling period", L"ppgb", 20040420)
INTRO (L"A command that becomes available in the #Query menu if you select a @Sound object.")
NORMAL (L"The Info window will tell you the @@sampling period@ in seconds.")
ENTRY (L"Usage")
NORMAL (L"You will not often choose this command with the mouse, "
"since the sampling period is included in the information that you get "
"by clicking the #Info button. This command is probably more useful in a Praat script:")
CODE (L"select Sound hello")
CODE (L"samplingPeriod = Get sampling period")
ENTRY (L"Details for hackers")
NORMAL (L"With @Inspect, you can see how the sampling period is stored in a #Sound object: it is the #dx attribute.")
MAN_END
MAN_BEGIN (L"Get sampling frequency", L"ppgb", 20040420)
INTRO (L"A command that becomes available in the #Query menu if you select a @Sound object.")
NORMAL (L"The Info window will tell you the @@sampling frequency@ in hertz.")
ENTRY (L"Usage")
#include "ManPagesM.h"
#include "manual_exampleSound.h"
static void draw_TimeDomain_Sound (Graphics g) {
Sound_draw (manual_exampleSound (), g, 0, 0, 0, 0, TRUE, L"curve");
}
static void draw_TimeDomain_Pitch (Graphics g) {
Pitch_draw (manual_examplePitch (), g, 0, 0, 200.0, 500.0, TRUE, Pitch_speckle_NO, kPitch_unit_HERTZ);
}
void manual_glossary_init (ManPages me);
void manual_glossary_init (ManPages me) {
MAN_BEGIN (L"aliasing", L"ppgb", 20040331)
INTRO (L"Aliasing (Du. %vouwvervorming) is the phenomenon of the ambiguity "
"of a sampled signal.")
ENTRY (L"Example")
NORMAL (L"With a sampling frequency of 10 kHz, a sine wave with a frequency of 3 kHz "
"receives the same representation as a sine wave with a frequency of 7 kHz, "
"13 kHz, or 17 kHz, and so on. If the sampled signal is meant to represent a "
"continuous spectral range starting at 0 Hz "
"(which is the most common case for speech recordings), "
"all these tones are likely to be interpreted as 3 kHz tones after sampling.")
NORMAL (L"To remedy this unwanted situation, the signal is usually low-pass filtered "
"with a cut-off frequency just below 5 kHz, prior to sampling.")
MAN_END
MAN_BEGIN (L"Click", L"ppgb", 19960913)
INTRO (L"One of the ways to control @Editors.")
ENTRY (L"How to click")
LIST_ITEM (L"1. Position the mouse above the object that you want to click.")
