int main(int argc, char** args)
{
    if (3 > argc){
       usage();
       return 1;
    }

    const char* bucketName = args[1];
    const char* key = args[2];

    S3Protocol protocolG = S3ProtocolHTTP;
    const char* accessKeyIdG = getenv("S3_ACCESS_KEY_ID");
    const char* secretAccessKeyG = getenv("S3_SECRET_ACCESS_KEY");

    S3Status status;
    const char* hostname = getenv("S3_HOSTNAME");    
    if ((status = S3_initialize("s3", S3_INIT_ALL, hostname)) != S3StatusOK)
    {
        fprintf(stdout, "Failed to initialize libs3: %s\n", S3_get_status_name(status));
        exit(-1);
    }

    S3BucketContext bucketContext = 
    {
        0,
        bucketName,
        protocolG,
        S3UriStylePath,
        accessKeyIdG,
        secretAccessKeyG,
        0
    };

    S3ResponseHandler responseHandler = { &responsePropertiesCallback,
                                          &responseCompleteCallback
                                        };

    //----------------------check whether object is exist-----------------//
    S3_head_object(&bucketContext, key, 0, &responseHandler, 0);

    S3_deinitialize();

    return 0;
}
static int ct_archive_data(struct hsm_copyaction_private *hcp, const char *src,
                           const char *dst, int src_fd,
                           const struct hsm_action_item *hai, long hal_flags)
{
    struct hsm_extent he;
    __u64             file_offset = hai->hai_extent.offset;
    struct stat       src_st;
    char              *uncompress_buf = NULL;
    char              *compress_buf = NULL;
    __u64             write_total = 0;
    __u64             length = hai->hai_extent.length;
    time_t            last_report_time;
    int               rc = 0;
    double            start_ct_now = ct_now();
    time_t            now;
    int               compression_bound = LZ4_compressBound(chunk_size);

    // Archiving a file from Lustre to the object store
    CT_TRACE("Archiving %s to %s", src, dst);
    if (fstat(src_fd, &src_st) < 0) {
        rc = -errno;
        CT_ERROR(rc, "cannot stat '%s'", src);
        return rc;
    }

    if (!S_ISREG(src_st.st_mode)) {
        rc = -EINVAL;
        CT_ERROR(rc, "'%s' is not a regular file", src);
        return rc;
    }

    if (hai->hai_extent.offset > (__u64)src_st.st_size) {
        rc = -EINVAL;
        CT_ERROR(rc, "Trying to start reading past end ("LPU64" > "
                 "%jd) of '%s' source file", hai->hai_extent.offset,
                 (intmax_t)src_st.st_size, src);
        return rc;
    }

    strippingInfo stripping_params;
    stripping_params.lmm_stripe_count = 1;
    stripping_params.lmm_stripe_size = ONE_MB;

    if (ct_save_stripe(src_fd, src, &stripping_params)) {
        return -1;
    }

    /* Don't read beyond a given extent */
    if (length > src_st.st_size - hai->hai_extent.offset)
        length = src_st.st_size - hai->hai_extent.offset;

    last_report_time = time(NULL);

    he.offset = file_offset;
    he.length = 0;
    rc = llapi_hsm_action_progress(hcp, &he, length, 0);
    if (rc < 0) {
        /* Action has been canceled or something wrong
         * is happening. Stop copying data. */
        CT_ERROR(rc, "progress ioctl for copy '%s'->'%s' failed",
                 src, dst);
        goto out;
    }

    errno = 0;

    uncompress_buf = malloc(chunk_size);
    if (uncompress_buf == NULL) {
        rc = -ENOMEM;
        goto out;
    }

    compress_buf = malloc(compression_bound);
    if (compress_buf == NULL) {
        rc = -ENOMEM;
        goto out;
    }

    int chunk_id = -1;

    const char totalLength[] = "totallength";
    const char chunksize[] = "chunksize";
    const char stripe_size[] = "stripesize";
    const char stripe_count[] = "stripecount";
    const char path[] = "path";
    const char uid[] = "uid";
    const char gid[] = "gid";

    char totalLength_s[TOTALLENGTH];
    char chunksize_s[TOTALLENGTH];
    char stripe_size_s[TOTALLENGTH];
    char stripe_count_s[TOTALLENGTH];
    char path_s[PATH_MAX];
    char uid_s[TOTALLENGTH];
    char gid_s[TOTALLENGTH];

    snprintf(totalLength_s, sizeof(totalLength_s), "%llu", length);
    snprintf(chunksize_s, sizeof(chunksize_s), "%i", chunk_size);
    snprintf(stripe_size_s, sizeof(stripe_size_s), "%i", stripping_params.lmm_stripe_size);
    snprintf(stripe_count_s, sizeof(stripe_count_s), "%i", stripping_params.lmm_stripe_count);
    snprintf(path_s, sizeof(path_s), "%s", src); // FIXME should use fid2path to get the normal path
    snprintf(uid_s, sizeof(uid_s), "%i", src_st.st_uid);
    snprintf(gid_s, sizeof(gid_s), "%i", src_st.st_gid);

    // Saving some metadata for disaster recovery
    S3NameValue metadata[7] =
    {
        {
            totalLength,
            totalLength_s,
        },
        {
            chunksize,
            chunksize_s,
        },
        {
            stripe_size,
            stripe_size_s,
        },
        {
            stripe_count,
            stripe_count_s,
        },
        {
            path,
            path_s
        },
        {
            uid,
            uid_s
        },
        {
            gid,
            gid_s
        }
    };

    S3PutProperties putProperties =
    {
        // application/x-lz4 does not officially exist
        "application/x-lz4", // contentType
        NULL, // md5
        NULL, // cacheControl
        NULL, // contentDispositionFilename
        NULL, // contentEncoding
        -1, // expires
        0, // cannedAcl
        sizeof(metadata) / sizeof(S3NameValue), // metaDataCount
        metadata, // S3NameValue *metaData
        0, // useServerSideEncryption
    };

    do {
        // Uploading to object store

        if (chunk_id == -1) {
            CT_TRACE("start copy of "LPU64" bytes from '%s' to '%s'",
                     length, src, dst);
        }

        // size of the current chunk, limited by chunk_size
        long long unsigned int  chunk;

        if (length - write_total > chunk_size) {
            // upper bound is the chunk_size
            chunk = chunk_size;
        }
        else {
            // limited by the file
            chunk = length - write_total;
        }

        chunk_id = file_offset / chunk_size;

        put_object_callback_data data;

        data.buffer_offset = 0;
        double before_lustre_read = ct_now();
        pread(src_fd, uncompress_buf, chunk, file_offset);
        CT_TRACE("Reading a chunk from %s of %llu bytes offset %llu from lustre took %fs",
            src, chunk, file_offset, ct_now() - before_lustre_read);

        double before_compression = ct_now();
        int compressed_size = LZ4_compress_default(uncompress_buf, compress_buf, chunk, compression_bound);
        CT_TRACE("Compressing a chunk from %s took %fs and the compressed size is %i bytes",
            src,  ct_now() - before_compression, compressed_size);

        if (compressed_size <= 0) {
            rc = -1;
            CT_ERROR(rc, "Compression error");
            goto out;
        }
        data.contentLength = compressed_size;
        data.buffer = compress_buf;

        S3PutObjectHandler putObjectHandler =
        {
            putResponseHandler,
            &putObjectDataCallback
        };

        char dst_chunk_s[S3_MAX_KEY_SIZE];
        snprintf(dst_chunk_s, sizeof(dst_chunk_s), "%s.%i", dst, chunk_id);

        char bucket_name[S3_MAX_BUCKET_NAME_SIZE];
        getBucketName(sizeof(bucket_name), bucket_name, dst_chunk_s);

        // Get a local copy of the general bucketContext than overwrite the
        // pointer to the bucket_name
        S3BucketContext localbucketContext;
        memcpy(&localbucketContext, &bucketContext, sizeof(S3BucketContext));
        localbucketContext.bucketName = bucket_name;

        double before_s3_put = ct_now();
        int retry_count = RETRYCOUNT;
        do {
            S3_put_object(&localbucketContext, dst_chunk_s, compressed_size, &putProperties, NULL, &putObjectHandler, &data);
        } while (S3_status_is_retryable(data.status) && should_retry(&retry_count));
        CT_TRACE("S3 put of %s took %fs",
            dst_chunk_s, ct_now() - before_s3_put);

        if (data.status != S3StatusOK) {
            rc = -EIO;
            CT_ERROR(rc, "S3Error %s", S3_get_status_name(data.status));
            goto out;
        }

        he.offset = file_offset;
        he.length = chunk;

        now = time(NULL);
        if (now >= last_report_time + ct_opt.o_report_int) {
            last_report_time = now;
            CT_TRACE("sending progress report for archiving %s", src);
            rc = llapi_hsm_action_progress(hcp, &he, length, 0);
            if (rc < 0) {
                /* Action has been canceled or something wrong
                 * is happening. Stop copying data. */
                CT_ERROR(rc, "progress ioctl for copy '%s'->'%s' failed",
                         src, dst);
                goto out;
            }
        }

        write_total += chunk;
        file_offset += chunk;
    } while (file_offset < length);
    rc = 0;

    // We need to delete every chunk of higher chunk_id if they
    // exists, this can happen if the new file is smaller
    // TODO only delete objects if this is a dirty write

    chunk_id += 1;
    do {
        char dst_s[S3_MAX_KEY_SIZE];
        int retry_count;

        snprintf(dst_s, sizeof(dst_s), "%s.%i", dst, chunk_id);
        get_object_callback_data head_data;
        get_object_callback_data delete_data;

        char bucket_name[S3_MAX_BUCKET_NAME_SIZE];
        getBucketName(sizeof(bucket_name), bucket_name, dst_s);

        // Get a local copy of the general bucketContext than overwrite the
        // pointer to the bucket_name
        S3BucketContext localbucketContext;
        memcpy(&localbucketContext, &bucketContext, sizeof(S3BucketContext));
        localbucketContext.bucketName = bucket_name;

        CT_TRACE("Checking if chunk %i exists", chunk_id);
        retry_count = RETRYCOUNT;
        do {
            S3_head_object(&localbucketContext, dst_s, NULL, &headResponseHandler, &head_data);
        } while (S3_status_is_retryable(head_data.status) && should_retry(&retry_count));

        if (head_data.status == S3StatusHttpErrorNotFound) {
            // Object do not exist, this mean we stop deleting chunks
            CT_TRACE("Chunk %i do not exists", chunk_id);
            break;
        }

        if (head_data.status != S3StatusOK) {
            rc = -EIO;
            CT_ERROR(rc, "S3Error %s", S3_get_status_name(head_data.status));
            goto out;
        }

        CT_TRACE("Deleting chunk %i", chunk_id);
        retry_count = RETRYCOUNT;
        do {
            S3_delete_object(&localbucketContext, dst_s, NULL, &deleteResponseHandler, &delete_data);
        } while (S3_status_is_retryable(delete_data.status) && should_retry(&retry_count));

        if (delete_data.status != S3StatusOK) {
            rc = -EIO;
            CT_ERROR(rc, "S3Error %s", S3_get_status_name(delete_data.status));
            goto out;
        }

        chunk_id++;
    } while (true);

out:
    if (uncompress_buf != NULL)
        free(uncompress_buf);
    if (compress_buf != NULL)
        free(compress_buf);

    CT_TRACE("copied "LPU64" bytes in %f seconds",
             length, ct_now() - start_ct_now);

    return rc;
}
static int ct_restore_data(struct hsm_copyaction_private *hcp, const char *src,
                           const char *dst, int dst_fd,
                           const struct hsm_action_item *hai, long hal_flags)
{
    struct hsm_extent he;
    __u64             file_offset = hai->hai_extent.offset;
    struct stat       dst_st;
    __u64             write_total = 0;
    __u64             length = hai->hai_extent.length;
    time_t            last_report_time;
    time_t            now;
    int               rc = 0;
    double            start_ct_now = ct_now();

    // Restore a file from the object store back to Lustre

    CT_TRACE("Restoring %s to %s", src, dst);
    if (fstat(dst_fd, &dst_st) < 0) {
        rc = -errno;
        CT_ERROR(rc, "cannot stat '%s'", dst);
        return rc;
    }

    if (!S_ISREG(dst_st.st_mode)) {
        rc = -EINVAL;
        CT_ERROR(rc, "'%s' is not a regular file", dst);
        return rc;
    }

    he.offset = file_offset;
    he.length = 0;
    rc = llapi_hsm_action_progress(hcp, &he, length, 0);
    if (rc < 0) {
        /* Action has been canceled or something wrong
         * is happening. Stop copying data. */
        CT_ERROR(rc, "progress ioctl for copy '%s'->'%s' failed",
                 src, dst);
        goto out;
    }

    errno = 0;

    last_report_time = time(NULL);

    long long int object_chunk_size = chunk_size; // will be assigned the correct value based on the metadata

    do {
        // Downloading from the object store

        char src_chunk_s[S3_MAX_KEY_SIZE];

        S3GetObjectHandler getObjectHandler =
        {
            getResponseHandler,
            &getObjectDataCallback
        };

        if (length == -1) {
            // Discover length and chunk size from the first object's metadata
            snprintf(src_chunk_s, sizeof(src_chunk_s), "%s.0", src);
            if (file_offset == 0) {
                // Download data and metadata from the first chunk
                get_object_callback_data data;
                rc = get_s3_object(src_chunk_s, &data, &getObjectHandler);
                if(rc < 0){
                    goto out;
                }

                length = data.totalLength;
                object_chunk_size = data.chunk_size;

                char *uncompress_buf = NULL;
                uncompress_buf = malloc(object_chunk_size);
                if (uncompress_buf == NULL) {
                    rc = -ENOMEM;
                    goto out;
                }

                double before_decompression = ct_now();
                int decompressed_size = LZ4_decompress_safe(data.buffer, uncompress_buf, data.contentLength, object_chunk_size);
                if (decompressed_size < 0) {
                    rc = -1;
                    CT_ERROR(rc, "Decompression error");
                    goto out;
                }
                CT_TRACE("Decompressing a chunk from %s of %llu bytes took %fs and the uncompressed size is %i bytes",
                    src, data.contentLength, ct_now() - before_decompression, decompressed_size);

                double before_lustre_write = ct_now();
                pwrite(dst_fd, uncompress_buf, decompressed_size, file_offset);
                CT_TRACE("Writing a chunk from %s of %llu bytes offset %llu to lustre took %fs",
                    src_chunk_s, object_chunk_size, file_offset, ct_now() - before_lustre_write);

                if (uncompress_buf != NULL)
                    free(uncompress_buf);
                if (data.buffer != NULL)
                    free(data.buffer);

                write_total = decompressed_size;
                file_offset += decompressed_size;

                he.offset = file_offset;
                he.length = data.contentLength;
                rc = llapi_hsm_action_progress(hcp, &he, length, 0);
                if (rc < 0) {
                    /* Action has been canceled or something wrong
                     * is happening. Stop copying data. */
                    CT_ERROR(rc, "progress ioctl for copy '%s'->'%s' failed",
                             src, dst);
                    goto out;
                }

                if (write_total == length) {
                    // Completed the full write with the first object
                    rc = 0;
                    break;
                }
            }
            else {
                // Only make a head request to get the metadata of the first object
                get_object_callback_data data;

                char bucket_name[S3_MAX_BUCKET_NAME_SIZE];
                getBucketName(sizeof(bucket_name), bucket_name, src_chunk_s);

                // Get a local copy of the general bucketContext than overwrite the
                // pointer to the bucket_name
                S3BucketContext localbucketContext;
                memcpy(&localbucketContext, &bucketContext, sizeof(S3BucketContext));
                localbucketContext.bucketName = bucket_name;

                int retry_count = RETRYCOUNT;
                do {
                    S3_head_object(&localbucketContext, src_chunk_s, NULL, &headResponseHandler, &data);
                } while (S3_status_is_retryable(data.status) && should_retry(&retry_count));

                if (data.status != S3StatusOK) {
                    rc = -EIO;
                    CT_ERROR(rc, "S3Error %s", S3_get_status_name(data.status));
                    goto out;
                }
                object_chunk_size = data.chunk_size;
                length = data.totalLength;
            }
        }
        else {
            snprintf(src_chunk_s, sizeof(src_chunk_s), "%s.%llu", src, file_offset / object_chunk_size);

            long long unsigned int chunk;
            if (length - write_total > object_chunk_size) {
                // upper bound is the chunk_size
                chunk = object_chunk_size;
            }
            else {
                // limited by the file
                chunk = length - write_total;
            }

            get_object_callback_data data;
            rc = get_s3_object(src_chunk_s, &data, &getObjectHandler);
            if(rc < 0){
                goto out;
            }

            char *uncompress_buf = NULL;
            uncompress_buf = malloc(object_chunk_size);
            if (uncompress_buf == NULL) {
                rc = -ENOMEM;
                goto out;
            }

            double before_decompression = ct_now();
            int decompressed_size = LZ4_decompress_safe(data.buffer, uncompress_buf, data.contentLength, object_chunk_size);
            if (decompressed_size < 0) {
                rc = -1;
                CT_ERROR(rc, "Decompression error");
                goto out;
            }
            CT_TRACE("Decompressing a chunk from %s of %llu bytes took %fs and the uncompressed size is %i",
                src, data.contentLength, ct_now() - before_decompression, decompressed_size);

            double before_lustre_write = ct_now();
            pwrite(dst_fd, uncompress_buf, decompressed_size, file_offset);
            CT_TRACE("Writing a chunk from %s of %llu bytes offset %llu to lustre took %fs",
                src_chunk_s, chunk, file_offset, ct_now() - before_lustre_write);

            if (uncompress_buf != NULL)
                free(uncompress_buf);
            if (data.buffer != NULL)
                free(data.buffer);

            now = time(NULL);
            if (now >= last_report_time + ct_opt.o_report_int) {
                last_report_time = now;
                CT_TRACE("sending progress report for restoring %s", src);
                rc = llapi_hsm_action_progress(hcp, &he, length, 0);
                if (rc < 0) {
                    /* Action has been canceled or something wrong
                     * is happening. Stop copying data. */
                    CT_ERROR(rc, "progress ioctl for copy '%s'->'%s' failed",
                             src, dst);
                    goto out;
                }
            }

            write_total += decompressed_size;
            file_offset += decompressed_size;
        }
        rc = 0;
    } while (file_offset < length);

    if (hai->hai_action == HSMA_RESTORE) {
        /*
         * truncate restored file
         * size is taken from the archive this is done to support
         * restore after a force release which leaves the file with the
         * wrong size (can big bigger than the new size)
         * make sure the file is on disk before reporting success.
         */
        rc = ftruncate(dst_fd, length);
        if (rc < 0) {
            rc = -errno;
            CT_ERROR(rc, "cannot truncate '%s' to size %llu",
                     dst, length);
            err_major++;
        }
    }

out:
    CT_TRACE("copied "LPU64" bytes in %f seconds",
             length, ct_now() - start_ct_now);

    return rc;
}
int ct_remove(const struct hsm_action_item *hai, const long hal_flags)
{
    struct hsm_copyaction_private *hcp = NULL;
    char dst[PATH_MAX];
    int  rc;
    int  retry_count;
    char dst_s[S3_MAX_KEY_SIZE];

    rc = ct_begin(&hcp, hai);
    if (rc < 0)
        goto end_ct_remove;

    ct_path_archive(dst, sizeof(dst), &hai->hai_fid);

    CT_TRACE("removing file '%s'", dst);

    if (ct_opt.o_dry_run) {
        rc = 0;
        goto end_ct_remove;
    }

    // Get the metadata from the first object to get the number of chunks
    get_object_callback_data data;

    snprintf(dst_s, sizeof(dst_s), "%s.0", dst);

    char bucket_name[S3_MAX_BUCKET_NAME_SIZE];
    getBucketName(sizeof(bucket_name), bucket_name, dst_s);

    // Get a local copy of the general bucketContext than overwrite the
    // pointer to the bucket_name
    S3BucketContext localbucketContext;
    memcpy(&localbucketContext, &bucketContext, sizeof(S3BucketContext));
    localbucketContext.bucketName = bucket_name;

    retry_count = RETRYCOUNT;
    do {
        S3_head_object(&localbucketContext, dst_s, NULL, &headResponseHandler, &data);
    } while (S3_status_is_retryable(data.status) && should_retry(&retry_count));

    if (data.status != S3StatusOK) {
        rc = -EIO;
        CT_ERROR(rc, "S3Error %s", S3_get_status_name(data.status));
        goto end_ct_remove;
    }

    int chunk;
    for (chunk = data.totalLength / data.chunk_size; chunk >= 0; chunk--) {
        snprintf(dst_s, sizeof(dst_s), "%s.%i", dst, chunk);
        get_object_callback_data delete_data;

        CT_TRACE("Deleting chunk '%s'", dst_s);

        char bucket_name[S3_MAX_BUCKET_NAME_SIZE];
        getBucketName(sizeof(bucket_name), bucket_name, dst_s);

        // Get a local copy of the general bucketContext than overwrite the
        // pointer to the bucket_name
        S3BucketContext localbucketContext;
        memcpy(&localbucketContext, &bucketContext, sizeof(S3BucketContext));
        localbucketContext.bucketName = bucket_name;

        retry_count = RETRYCOUNT;
        do {
            S3_delete_object(&localbucketContext, dst_s, NULL, &deleteResponseHandler, &delete_data);
        } while (S3_status_is_retryable(delete_data.status) && should_retry(&retry_count));

        if (delete_data.status != S3StatusOK) {
            rc = -EIO;
            CT_ERROR(rc, "S3Error %s", S3_get_status_name(delete_data.status));
            goto end_ct_remove;
        }
    }
    rc = 0;

end_ct_remove:
    rc = ct_action_done(&hcp, hai, 0, rc);

    return rc;
}