void bfs(Graph* g, int start, TraverseListener* listener) {
int size = g->nvertices;
int* discovered = (int*) malloc((size+1) * sizeof(int));
int* processed = (int*) malloc((size+1) * sizeof(int));
int i;
for (i=0;i<size+1;i++) {
discovered[i] = 0;
processed[i] = 0;
}
run_bfs(g,start,listener,discovered,processed);
free(discovered);
free(processed);
}
int main(int argc, char** argv) {
MPI_Init(&argc, &argv);
setup_globals();
/* Parse arguments. */
int SCALE = 16;
int edgefactor = 16; /* nedges / nvertices, i.e., 2*avg. degree */
// if (argc >= 2) SCALE = atoi(argv[1]);
// if (argc >= 3) edgefactor = atoi(argv[2]);
char* name = argv[1];
if (argc >= 3) SCALE = atoi(argv[2]);
if (argc >= 4) edgefactor = atoi(argv[3]);
// if (argc <= 1 || argc >= 4 || SCALE == 0 || edgefactor == 0) {
// if (rank == 0) {
// fprintf(stderr, "Usage: %s SCALE edgefactor\n SCALE = log_2(# vertices) [integer, required]\n edgefactor = (# edges) / (# vertices) = .5 * (average vertex degree) [integer, defaults to 16]\n(Random number seed and Kronecker initiator are in main.c)\n", argv[0]);
// }
if (argc <= 2 || argc >= 5 || SCALE == 0 || edgefactor == 0) {
if (rank == 0) {
fprintf(stderr, "Usage: %s filename SCALE edgefactor\n SCALE = log_2(# vertices) [integer, required]\n edgefactor = (# edges) / (# vertices) = .5 * (average vertex degree) [integer, defaults to 16]\n(Random number seed and Kronecker initiator are in main.c)\n", argv[0]);
}
MPI_Abort(MPI_COMM_WORLD, 1);
}
uint64_t seed1 = 2, seed2 = 3;
// const char* filename = getenv("TMPFILE");
const char* filename = name;
/* If filename is NULL, store data in memory */
tuple_graph tg;
tg.nglobaledges = (int64_t)(edgefactor) << SCALE;
int64_t nglobalverts = (int64_t)(1) << SCALE;
tg.data_in_file = (filename != NULL);
if (tg.data_in_file) {
printf("data in file \n");
MPI_File_set_errhandler(MPI_FILE_NULL, MPI_ERRORS_ARE_FATAL);
// MPI_File_open(MPI_COMM_WORLD, (char*)filename, MPI_MODE_RDWR | MPI_MODE_CREATE | MPI_MODE_EXCL | MPI_MODE_DELETE_ON_CLOSE | MPI_MODE_UNIQUE_OPEN, MPI_INFO_NULL, &tg.edgefile);
MPI_File_open(MPI_COMM_WORLD, (char*)filename, MPI_MODE_RDWR | MPI_MODE_CREATE | MPI_MODE_EXCL | MPI_MODE_UNIQUE_OPEN, MPI_INFO_NULL, &tg.edgefile);
MPI_File_set_size(tg.edgefile, tg.nglobaledges * sizeof(packed_edge));
MPI_File_set_view(tg.edgefile, 0, packed_edge_mpi_type, packed_edge_mpi_type, "native", MPI_INFO_NULL);
MPI_File_set_atomicity(tg.edgefile, 0);
}
/* Make the raw graph edges. */
/* Get roots for BFS runs, plus maximum vertex with non-zero degree (used by
* validator). */
int num_bfs_roots = 64;
int64_t* bfs_roots = (int64_t*)xmalloc(num_bfs_roots * sizeof(int64_t));
int64_t max_used_vertex = 0;
double make_graph_start = MPI_Wtime();
{
/* Spread the two 64-bit numbers into five nonzero values in the correct
* range. */
uint_fast32_t seed[5];
make_mrg_seed(seed1, seed2, seed);
/* As the graph is being generated, also keep a bitmap of vertices with
* incident edges. We keep a grid of processes, each row of which has a
* separate copy of the bitmap (distributed among the processes in the
* row), and then do an allreduce at the end. This scheme is used to avoid
* non-local communication and reading the file separately just to find BFS
* roots. */
MPI_Offset nchunks_in_file = (tg.nglobaledges + FILE_CHUNKSIZE - 1) / FILE_CHUNKSIZE;
int64_t bitmap_size_in_bytes = int64_min(BITMAPSIZE, (nglobalverts + CHAR_BIT - 1) / CHAR_BIT);
if (bitmap_size_in_bytes * size * CHAR_BIT < nglobalverts) {
bitmap_size_in_bytes = (nglobalverts + size * CHAR_BIT - 1) / (size * CHAR_BIT);
}
int ranks_per_row = ((nglobalverts + CHAR_BIT - 1) / CHAR_BIT + bitmap_size_in_bytes - 1) / bitmap_size_in_bytes;
int nrows = size / ranks_per_row;
int my_row = -1, my_col = -1;
unsigned char* restrict has_edge = NULL;
MPI_Comm cart_comm;
{
int dims[2] = {size / ranks_per_row, ranks_per_row};
int periods[2] = {0, 0};
MPI_Cart_create(MPI_COMM_WORLD, 2, dims, periods, 1, &cart_comm);
}
int in_generating_rectangle = 0;
if (cart_comm != MPI_COMM_NULL) {
in_generating_rectangle = 1;
{
int dims[2], periods[2], coords[2];
MPI_Cart_get(cart_comm, 2, dims, periods, coords);
my_row = coords[0];
my_col = coords[1];
}
MPI_Comm this_col;
MPI_Comm_split(cart_comm, my_col, my_row, &this_col);
MPI_Comm_free(&cart_comm);
has_edge = (unsigned char*)xMPI_Alloc_mem(bitmap_size_in_bytes);
memset(has_edge, 0, bitmap_size_in_bytes);
/* Every rank in a given row creates the same vertices (for updating the
* bitmap); only one writes them to the file (or final memory buffer). */
packed_edge* buf = (packed_edge*)xmalloc(FILE_CHUNKSIZE * sizeof(packed_edge));
MPI_Offset block_limit = (nchunks_in_file + nrows - 1) / nrows;
// fprintf(stderr, "%d: nchunks_in_file = %" PRId64 ", block_limit = %" PRId64 " in grid of %d rows, %d cols\n", rank, (int64_t)nchunks_in_file, (int64_t)block_limit, nrows, ranks_per_row);
if (tg.data_in_file) {
tg.edgememory_size = 0;
tg.edgememory = NULL;
} else {
int my_pos = my_row + my_col * nrows;
int last_pos = (tg.nglobaledges % ((int64_t)FILE_CHUNKSIZE * nrows * ranks_per_row) != 0) ?
(tg.nglobaledges / FILE_CHUNKSIZE) % (nrows * ranks_per_row) :
-1;
int64_t edges_left = tg.nglobaledges % FILE_CHUNKSIZE;
int64_t nedges = FILE_CHUNKSIZE * (tg.nglobaledges / ((int64_t)FILE_CHUNKSIZE * nrows * ranks_per_row)) +
FILE_CHUNKSIZE * (my_pos < (tg.nglobaledges / FILE_CHUNKSIZE) % (nrows * ranks_per_row)) +
(my_pos == last_pos ? edges_left : 0);
/* fprintf(stderr, "%d: nedges = %" PRId64 " of %" PRId64 "\n", rank, (int64_t)nedges, (int64_t)tg.nglobaledges); */
tg.edgememory_size = nedges;
tg.edgememory = (packed_edge*)xmalloc(nedges * sizeof(packed_edge));
}
MPI_Offset block_idx;
for (block_idx = 0; block_idx < block_limit; ++block_idx) {
/* fprintf(stderr, "%d: On block %d of %d\n", rank, (int)block_idx, (int)block_limit); */
MPI_Offset start_edge_index = int64_min(FILE_CHUNKSIZE * (block_idx * nrows + my_row), tg.nglobaledges);
MPI_Offset edge_count = int64_min(tg.nglobaledges - start_edge_index, FILE_CHUNKSIZE);
packed_edge* actual_buf = (!tg.data_in_file && block_idx % ranks_per_row == my_col) ?
tg.edgememory + FILE_CHUNKSIZE * (block_idx / ranks_per_row) :
buf;
/* fprintf(stderr, "%d: My range is [%" PRId64 ", %" PRId64 ") %swriting into index %" PRId64 "\n", rank, (int64_t)start_edge_index, (int64_t)(start_edge_index + edge_count), (my_col == (block_idx % ranks_per_row)) ? "" : "not ", (int64_t)(FILE_CHUNKSIZE * (block_idx / ranks_per_row))); */
if (!tg.data_in_file && block_idx % ranks_per_row == my_col) {
assert (FILE_CHUNKSIZE * (block_idx / ranks_per_row) + edge_count <= tg.edgememory_size);
}
// debug
char* wtxbuf = (char*)xmalloc(FILE_CHUNKSIZE * sizeof(packed_edge));
// generate_kronecker_range(seed, SCALE, start_edge_index, start_edge_index + edge_count, actual_buf);
generate_kronecker_range(seed, SCALE, start_edge_index, start_edge_index + edge_count, actual_buf);
if (tg.data_in_file && my_col == (block_idx % ranks_per_row)) { /* Try to spread writes among ranks */
// MPI_File_write_at(tg.edgefile, start_edge_index, actual_buf, edge_count, packed_edge_mpi_type, MPI_STATUS_IGNORE);
// debug
printf("%d: %d, %d\n", rank, start_edge_index, edge_count);
int i;
// for (i = start_edge_index; i < start_edge_index + 3; i++) {
// if(block_idx == 0) {
// for (i = 0; i < 3; i++) {
// if (edge_count > 3)
// printf("%d: %d\t%d\n", rank, actual_buf[i].v0, actual_buf[i].v1);
// }
// }
MPI_File_write_at(tg.edgefile, start_edge_index, actual_buf, edge_count, packed_edge_mpi_type, MPI_STATUS_IGNORE);
}
ptrdiff_t i;
#ifdef _OPENMP
#pragma omp parallel for
#endif
for (i = 0; i < edge_count; ++i) {
int64_t src = get_v0_from_edge(&actual_buf[i]);
int64_t tgt = get_v1_from_edge(&actual_buf[i]);
if (src == tgt) continue;
if (src / bitmap_size_in_bytes / CHAR_BIT == my_col) {
#ifdef _OPENMP
#pragma omp atomic
#endif
has_edge[(src / CHAR_BIT) % bitmap_size_in_bytes] |= (1 << (src % CHAR_BIT));
}
if (tgt / bitmap_size_in_bytes / CHAR_BIT == my_col) {
#ifdef _OPENMP
#pragma omp atomic
#endif
has_edge[(tgt / CHAR_BIT) % bitmap_size_in_bytes] |= (1 << (tgt % CHAR_BIT));
}
}
}
free(buf);
#if 0
/* The allreduce for each root acts like we did this: */
MPI_Allreduce(MPI_IN_PLACE, has_edge, bitmap_size_in_bytes, MPI_UNSIGNED_CHAR, MPI_BOR, this_col);
#endif
MPI_Comm_free(&this_col);
} else {
tg.edgememory = NULL;
tg.edgememory_size = 0;
}
MPI_Allreduce(&tg.edgememory_size, &tg.max_edgememory_size, 1, MPI_INT64_T, MPI_MAX, MPI_COMM_WORLD);
#ifndef GEN_ONLY
/* Find roots and max used vertex */
{
uint64_t counter = 0;
int bfs_root_idx;
for (bfs_root_idx = 0; bfs_root_idx < num_bfs_roots; ++bfs_root_idx) {
int64_t root;
while (1) {
double d[2];
make_random_numbers(2, seed1, seed2, counter, d);
root = (int64_t)((d[0] + d[1]) * nglobalverts) % nglobalverts;
counter += 2;
if (counter > 2 * nglobalverts) break;
int is_duplicate = 0;
int i;
for (i = 0; i < bfs_root_idx; ++i) {
if (root == bfs_roots[i]) {
is_duplicate = 1;
break;
}
}
if (is_duplicate) continue; /* Everyone takes the same path here */
int root_ok = 0;
if (in_generating_rectangle && (root / CHAR_BIT / bitmap_size_in_bytes) == my_col) {
root_ok = (has_edge[(root / CHAR_BIT) % bitmap_size_in_bytes] & (1 << (root % CHAR_BIT))) != 0;
}
MPI_Allreduce(MPI_IN_PLACE, &root_ok, 1, MPI_INT, MPI_LOR, MPI_COMM_WORLD);
if (root_ok) break;
}
bfs_roots[bfs_root_idx] = root;
}
num_bfs_roots = bfs_root_idx;
/* Find maximum non-zero-degree vertex. */
{
int64_t i;
max_used_vertex = 0;
if (in_generating_rectangle) {
for (i = bitmap_size_in_bytes * CHAR_BIT; i > 0; --i) {
if (i > nglobalverts) continue;
if (has_edge[(i - 1) / CHAR_BIT] & (1 << ((i - 1) % CHAR_BIT))) {
max_used_vertex = (i - 1) + my_col * CHAR_BIT * bitmap_size_in_bytes;
break;
}
}
}
MPI_Allreduce(MPI_IN_PLACE, &max_used_vertex, 1, MPI_INT64_T, MPI_MAX, MPI_COMM_WORLD);
}
}
#endif
if (in_generating_rectangle) {
MPI_Free_mem(has_edge);
}
if (tg.data_in_file) {
MPI_File_sync(tg.edgefile);
}
}
double make_graph_stop = MPI_Wtime();
double make_graph_time = make_graph_stop - make_graph_start;
if (rank == 0) { /* Not an official part of the results */
fprintf(stderr, "graph_generation: %f s\n", make_graph_time);
}
//debug
#ifndef GEN_ONLY //!GEN_ONLY
/* Make user's graph data structure. */
double data_struct_start = MPI_Wtime();
make_graph_data_structure(&tg);
double data_struct_stop = MPI_Wtime();
double data_struct_time = data_struct_stop - data_struct_start;
if (rank == 0) { /* Not an official part of the results */
fprintf(stderr, "construction_time: %f s\n", data_struct_time);
}
/* Number of edges visited in each BFS; a double so get_statistics can be
* used directly. */
double* edge_counts = (double*)xmalloc(num_bfs_roots * sizeof(double));
/* Run BFS. */
int validation_passed = 1;
double* bfs_times = (double*)xmalloc(num_bfs_roots * sizeof(double));
double* validate_times = (double*)xmalloc(num_bfs_roots * sizeof(double));
uint64_t nlocalverts = get_nlocalverts_for_pred();
int64_t* pred = (int64_t*)xMPI_Alloc_mem(nlocalverts * sizeof(int64_t));
int bfs_root_idx;
for (bfs_root_idx = 0; bfs_root_idx < num_bfs_roots; ++bfs_root_idx) {
int64_t root = bfs_roots[bfs_root_idx];
if (rank == 0) fprintf(stderr, "Running BFS %d\n", bfs_root_idx);
/* Clear the pred array. */
memset(pred, 0, nlocalverts * sizeof(int64_t));
/* Do the actual BFS. */
double bfs_start = MPI_Wtime();
run_bfs(root, &pred[0]);
double bfs_stop = MPI_Wtime();
bfs_times[bfs_root_idx] = bfs_stop - bfs_start;
if (rank == 0) fprintf(stderr, "Time for BFS %d is %f\n", bfs_root_idx, bfs_times[bfs_root_idx]);
/* Validate result. */
if (rank == 0) fprintf(stderr, "Validating BFS %d\n", bfs_root_idx);
double validate_start = MPI_Wtime();
int64_t edge_visit_count;
int validation_passed_one = validate_bfs_result(&tg, max_used_vertex + 1, nlocalverts, root, pred, &edge_visit_count);
double validate_stop = MPI_Wtime();
validate_times[bfs_root_idx] = validate_stop - validate_start;
if (rank == 0) fprintf(stderr, "Validate time for BFS %d is %f\n", bfs_root_idx, validate_times[bfs_root_idx]);
edge_counts[bfs_root_idx] = (double)edge_visit_count;
if (rank == 0) fprintf(stderr, "TEPS for BFS %d is %g\n", bfs_root_idx, edge_visit_count / bfs_times[bfs_root_idx]);
if (!validation_passed_one) {
validation_passed = 0;
if (rank == 0) fprintf(stderr, "Validation failed for this BFS root; skipping rest.\n");
break;
}
}
MPI_Free_mem(pred);
free(bfs_roots);
free_graph_data_structure();
#endif //!GEN_ONLY
if (tg.data_in_file) {
MPI_File_close(&tg.edgefile);
} else {
free(tg.edgememory); tg.edgememory = NULL;
}
#ifndef GEN_ONLY
/* Print results. */
if (rank == 0) {
if (!validation_passed) {
fprintf(stdout, "No results printed for invalid run.\n");
} else {
int i;
fprintf(stdout, "SCALE: %d\n", SCALE);
fprintf(stdout, "edgefactor: %d\n", edgefactor);
fprintf(stdout, "NBFS: %d\n", num_bfs_roots);
fprintf(stdout, "graph_generation: %g\n", make_graph_time);
fprintf(stdout, "num_mpi_processes: %d\n", size);
fprintf(stdout, "construction_time: %g\n", data_struct_time);
double stats[s_LAST];
get_statistics(bfs_times, num_bfs_roots, stats);
fprintf(stdout, "min_time: %g\n", stats[s_minimum]);
fprintf(stdout, "firstquartile_time: %g\n", stats[s_firstquartile]);
fprintf(stdout, "median_time: %g\n", stats[s_median]);
fprintf(stdout, "thirdquartile_time: %g\n", stats[s_thirdquartile]);
fprintf(stdout, "max_time: %g\n", stats[s_maximum]);
fprintf(stdout, "mean_time: %g\n", stats[s_mean]);
fprintf(stdout, "stddev_time: %g\n", stats[s_std]);
get_statistics(edge_counts, num_bfs_roots, stats);
fprintf(stdout, "min_nedge: %.11g\n", stats[s_minimum]);
fprintf(stdout, "firstquartile_nedge: %.11g\n", stats[s_firstquartile]);
fprintf(stdout, "median_nedge: %.11g\n", stats[s_median]);
fprintf(stdout, "thirdquartile_nedge: %.11g\n", stats[s_thirdquartile]);
fprintf(stdout, "max_nedge: %.11g\n", stats[s_maximum]);
fprintf(stdout, "mean_nedge: %.11g\n", stats[s_mean]);
fprintf(stdout, "stddev_nedge: %.11g\n", stats[s_std]);
double* secs_per_edge = (double*)xmalloc(num_bfs_roots * sizeof(double));
for (i = 0; i < num_bfs_roots; ++i) secs_per_edge[i] = bfs_times[i] / edge_counts[i];
get_statistics(secs_per_edge, num_bfs_roots, stats);
fprintf(stdout, "min_TEPS: %g\n", 1. / stats[s_maximum]);
fprintf(stdout, "firstquartile_TEPS: %g\n", 1. / stats[s_thirdquartile]);
fprintf(stdout, "median_TEPS: %g\n", 1. / stats[s_median]);
fprintf(stdout, "thirdquartile_TEPS: %g\n", 1. / stats[s_firstquartile]);
fprintf(stdout, "max_TEPS: %g\n", 1. / stats[s_minimum]);
fprintf(stdout, "harmonic_mean_TEPS: %g\n", 1. / stats[s_mean]);
/* Formula from:
* Title: The Standard Errors of the Geometric and Harmonic Means and
* Their Application to Index Numbers
* Author(s): Nilan Norris
* Source: The Annals of Mathematical Statistics, Vol. 11, No. 4 (Dec., 1940), pp. 445-448
* Publisher(s): Institute of Mathematical Statistics
* Stable URL: http://www.jstor.org/stable/2235723
* (same source as in specification). */
fprintf(stdout, "harmonic_stddev_TEPS: %g\n", stats[s_std] / (stats[s_mean] * stats[s_mean] * sqrt(num_bfs_roots - 1)));
free(secs_per_edge); secs_per_edge = NULL;
free(edge_counts); edge_counts = NULL;
get_statistics(validate_times, num_bfs_roots, stats);
fprintf(stdout, "min_validate: %g\n", stats[s_minimum]);
fprintf(stdout, "firstquartile_validate: %g\n", stats[s_firstquartile]);
fprintf(stdout, "median_validate: %g\n", stats[s_median]);
fprintf(stdout, "thirdquartile_validate: %g\n", stats[s_thirdquartile]);
fprintf(stdout, "max_validate: %g\n", stats[s_maximum]);
fprintf(stdout, "mean_validate: %g\n", stats[s_mean]);
fprintf(stdout, "stddev_validate: %g\n", stats[s_std]);
#if 0
for (i = 0; i < num_bfs_roots; ++i) {
fprintf(stdout, "Run %3d: %g s, validation %g s\n", i + 1, bfs_times[i], validate_times[i]);
}
#endif
}
}
free(bfs_times);
free(validate_times);
#endif
cleanup_globals();
MPI_Finalize();
return 0;
}