ProgramStateRef 
ExprEngine::invalidateArguments(ProgramStateRef State,
                                const CallOrObjCMessage &Call,
                                const LocationContext *LC) {
  SmallVector<const MemRegion *, 8> RegionsToInvalidate;

  if (Call.isObjCMessage()) {
    // Invalidate all instance variables of the receiver of an ObjC message.
    // FIXME: We should be able to do better with inter-procedural analysis.
    if (const MemRegion *MR = Call.getInstanceMessageReceiver(LC).getAsRegion())
      RegionsToInvalidate.push_back(MR);

  } else if (Call.isCXXCall()) {
    // Invalidate all instance variables for the callee of a C++ method call.
    // FIXME: We should be able to do better with inter-procedural analysis.
    // FIXME: We can probably do better for const versus non-const methods.
    if (const MemRegion *Callee = Call.getCXXCallee().getAsRegion())
      RegionsToInvalidate.push_back(Callee);

  } else if (Call.isFunctionCall()) {
    // Block calls invalidate all captured-by-reference values.
    SVal CalleeVal = Call.getFunctionCallee();
    if (const MemRegion *Callee = CalleeVal.getAsRegion()) {
      if (isa<BlockDataRegion>(Callee))
        RegionsToInvalidate.push_back(Callee);
    }
  }

  // Indexes of arguments whose values will be preserved by the call.
  llvm::SmallSet<unsigned, 1> PreserveArgs;
  findPtrToConstParams(PreserveArgs, Call);

  for (unsigned idx = 0, e = Call.getNumArgs(); idx != e; ++idx) {
    if (PreserveArgs.count(idx))
      continue;

    SVal V = Call.getArgSVal(idx);

    // If we are passing a location wrapped as an integer, unwrap it and
    // invalidate the values referred by the location.
    if (nonloc::LocAsInteger *Wrapped = dyn_cast<nonloc::LocAsInteger>(&V))
      V = Wrapped->getLoc();
    else if (!isa<Loc>(V))
      continue;

    if (const MemRegion *R = V.getAsRegion()) {
      // Invalidate the value of the variable passed by reference.

      // Are we dealing with an ElementRegion?  If the element type is
      // a basic integer type (e.g., char, int) and the underlying region
      // is a variable region then strip off the ElementRegion.
      // FIXME: We really need to think about this for the general case
      //   as sometimes we are reasoning about arrays and other times
      //   about (char*), etc., is just a form of passing raw bytes.
      //   e.g., void *p = alloca(); foo((char*)p);
      if (const ElementRegion *ER = dyn_cast<ElementRegion>(R)) {
        // Checking for 'integral type' is probably too promiscuous, but
        // we'll leave it in for now until we have a systematic way of
        // handling all of these cases.  Eventually we need to come up
        // with an interface to StoreManager so that this logic can be
        // appropriately delegated to the respective StoreManagers while
        // still allowing us to do checker-specific logic (e.g.,
        // invalidating reference counts), probably via callbacks.
        if (ER->getElementType()->isIntegralOrEnumerationType()) {
          const MemRegion *superReg = ER->getSuperRegion();
          if (isa<VarRegion>(superReg) || isa<FieldRegion>(superReg) ||
              isa<ObjCIvarRegion>(superReg))
            R = cast<TypedRegion>(superReg);
        }
        // FIXME: What about layers of ElementRegions?
      }

      // Mark this region for invalidation.  We batch invalidate regions
      // below for efficiency.
      RegionsToInvalidate.push_back(R);
    } else {
      // Nuke all other arguments passed by reference.
      // FIXME: is this necessary or correct? This handles the non-Region
      //  cases.  Is it ever valid to store to these?
      State = State->unbindLoc(cast<Loc>(V));
    }
  }

  // Invalidate designated regions using the batch invalidation API.

  // FIXME: We can have collisions on the conjured symbol if the
  //  expression *I also creates conjured symbols.  We probably want
  //  to identify conjured symbols by an expression pair: the enclosing
  //  expression (the context) and the expression itself.  This should
  //  disambiguate conjured symbols.
  unsigned Count = currentBuilderContext->getCurrentBlockCount();
  StoreManager::InvalidatedSymbols IS;

  // NOTE: Even if RegionsToInvalidate is empty, we may still invalidate
  //  global variables.
  return State->invalidateRegions(RegionsToInvalidate,
                                  Call.getOriginExpr(), Count, LC,
                                  &IS, &Call);

}